UNCLASSIFIED US Department of State Case No F-2009-09703 Doc'No 017613153 Date 03 25 2013 1 - zeoearrei' United States Department of State 0 Washington D C 20520 teen 13011111111 snMi 152 13 11 I BRIEFING MEMORANDUM 7 IN PART 131 1 - - BS SIES 1 SECRET DECL 08 27 2014 I TO Under Secretary Grossman FROM AF Michael E Ranneberger MM Deputies Committee DC Meeting on Dar ir Sudan September 1 11 15 AM to 12 00 Noon The DC will review the crisis in 'Darfur and consider next steps for achieving a new UNSC resolution and the deployment of an expanded African Union force Given the failure of 108 compliance with UNSC Resolution 1556 1 i we seek passage of a robust new UNSC resolution that keeps the focus I squarely on the G08 and lays out a clear path forward The GOS despite public commitments and protestations has not taken the fundamental political decision to stop the violence and atrocities being perpetrated by the Jinjaweit GOS compliance on security has been haltlhearted and o en duplicitous There has been no disarmament of the J1n3awe1t There has also been no serious effort to arrest and bring to justice senior Jinjaweit of cers responsible for the attacks and other atrocities While the level of attacks - against civilians 1n Darfur has diminished there are con rmed reports of recent attacks including involvement by Govemment forces There has been improvement on the humanitarian side as the Government has removed obstacles to humanitarian access As a result conditions in the camps have improved more relief workers are being allowed 1n and more assistance is being delivered Continued insecurity and limited international capacity however mean that the humanitarian effort is not reaching anywhere near all - in need The 608 is also participating in the AU-snonsored talks with the rebels that began August 23 Abuja STATES DEPARTMENT OF SECRET REVIEW AUTHORITY CHARLES Classi ed by AF Acting AIS IchaelCL ASSIFIC SECRET REASON E 0 11 2958 Reasons 1 4 1 DECLASSIFY AFTER 27 AUG 2019 UNCLASSIFIED U Department of State Case No F-2009- 09703 Doc No 04 JAN 2012 200909703 UNCLASSIFIED U Department of State Case No F-2mo N7m3153 Date 03 25 2013 UNCLASSIFIED SECRET - 2 - UNSCR 1556 was adopted July 30 and asked the SYG to report on I the progress in ful lling its commitments in 30 ays after which the UNSC would consider further actions SRSG Pronk su sequently signed a Memorandum Plan of'Action with the G08 cornmit mg it to take certain actions but the memorandum generally lacked speci ci on security steps On the humanitarian front Pronk s plan unhelpfully pus es for return of and re igees 1n the near term despite insecurity aking such voluntary return impossible In his nal report we expect hat Pronk nevertheless note that the 603 has not done enough to re a in the Jinjaweit and that 608 compliance has not been adequate Strategy and Ontions Achieving a strong resolution will not be easy 6 will be UNSC members who will use the Pronk report to argue that the OS be given - additional time There is also little enthusiasm for the 1m osition of sanctions Nevertheless achievement of a strong UNSC 1 an essential the assessment by MS Newman regarding the situation 611 ground in Darfur Nevertheless itis possible at the current time to out the - current resolution options Endorsement of an Expanded A ican Union Imposition of Sanctions A'Combination of Both See Tab A Agenda 1 ollowLup to UNSCR 1556 Department of State 11 Status AU Protection Force Department of State SECRET UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2009-09703 Doc No 017613153 Date 03 25 2013 UNCLASSIFIED S Department of State Case No F 2nr 0- O7nq Date 03 25 2013 UNCLASSIFIED - 3 - Obiectives s 0 Obtain general agreement to our approach to securing a new UNSCR on Darfur Obtaining majority support in the UNSC for a resolution with teeth will be difficult in part because some membersfeel the 303 has made progress in improving the humanitarian situation on the ground and needs more time to tackle the tougher questions related to security Nevertheless we have a strong interest in maintaining international unity to exert pressure on the 608 0 Map out operational efforts to support an expanded AU Mission The AU has deployed over 115 monitors in Darfur with about 155 - Rwandan and 150 Nigerian tr00ps to protect them The has begun very preliminary planning for deployment of 2 000- 3 500 troops to I support a larger and more active monitoring mission We have identi ed 2 USG funding to support an expansion of both monitors and protection 1 forces If the AU decides to move forward with force generation and planning we will need additional DOD support for AU planning and logistics and to identify sources of support Interagzericv Views 1 Next Resolution Increasing public focus on the situation in Darfur the continuing humanitarian demands and the failure of the Government to il l its obligations will serve as the backdrop for the Security Council s - consideration of Dar ir Calls are increasing for more direct action either by the imposition of sanctions or the deployment of an intervention force 0 All agencies support maximum effort to obtain a strong follow on UNSCR B1 BS SECRET UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U-S Department of State Case No F-2009-09703 Doc No 017613153 Date 03125 2013 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case r 17613153 Date 03 25 2013 - UNCLASSIFIED SECRET - 4 - AU Force - Questions will be raised about the effectiveness of the AU Mission and the focus on linking expansion of the Protection Force to the deployment of additional monitors Some DC participants may suggest a more robust mandate to permit the direct protection of civilians and relief agency 1 I staff While options 1 and 2 see Tab 2 support the expansion of an AU - mission and- encourage an AU role in protecting civilians neither option would mandate a direct AU role in these activities There may'also be discussion of directUN intervention Though perhaps desirable both initiatives would be dif cult to secure under the current circumstances What we need now is to expand the force smartly so that forces and 1 - infrastructure are built up during altime of relative permissiveness so 1 that should more external forces be needed later to ensure humanitarian access the AU or other forces will be better able to implement an intervention Attachments Tab 1 - Points Tab 2 - Options Paper on UNSCR Tab 3 - Matrix of 303 Responses to Actions Requested by SecState - Matrix of 608 Conunitments Made Pronk Plan of Action Tab 5 - AU Peacekeeping Force Concept and Costs Paper Tab 6 - Humanitarian Needs Paper USAID Tab 7- Status of International Support for AU Force Tab 8 - UNSCR 1556 1 ab 9 - Status of Summary of Conclusions for DC on Sudan July 28 2004 SECRET UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED US Department of State Case No F-2009-09703 Doc No C17613153 Date 03 25 2013 l 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case 17613153 Date 03 25 2013 - UNCLASSIFIED SECRET 5 - Clearances I AF Snyder 0k EYoungwok P Degnan - 0k James - ok 10 Amad q - 0k M kelvey - 0k 3 PM Bile-01 - - DRL Birkle - 0k Bittrick - 0k SE ECRET UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2009-09703 Doc No 017613153 Date 03 25 2013                     National Security Archive    Suite 701  Gelman Library  The George Washington University    2130 H Street  NW  Washington  D C  20037    Phone  202 994‐7000  Fax  202 994‐7005  nsarchiv@gwu edu