DECLASSIFIED Authority 33 a classitzed uthoriw 27356 Laurie Hansen ate 08-26-2014 7386 DEC I Authority gammy AIR 111 ATOMIC um amenms STUDY FOR 1659 T1113 nocwm IS emu-m swan 11 Emma um Emma 205-3 nonm 11 3mm - Gnlol'ir'l USU Director of I talligauna i I This page is not included in the page count of uuaic docupnnt Reproduction out this drama in uhola ur- in part is prohibited without the - permission or the office of origin DECLASSIFIED 1 Authority 215 3113 4 I- L # 27336 Docid 32003765 TABLE OF comm-r 1 'gtlzoritx 2 Sn Co cs 5 5 Mission and Tasks b Targeting Target Salection ml Scope Part I st atam and Justification of -- Part II b Justification 3M Target Mutated Targets I Factors 3 Force Structura b Operational Factors 5 d Reserves 1m I I' tliiectiun h nalisation Danaga Criteria DECLASSIFIED 93 - d Fuzing Date I 7 9 Height of Btu-st 7 I Multipie Heneona I - 4 g Missiles I I 11 Alternate vleapana 8 I i weapon Requirement 9 Part I Section 1 - Actual 10 Far I - Section 2 2433's I I 11 Part II - Desired Composition of SE stockpile 12 I I - i Part II - mu and Reserve DizAI General I I - 15 i Description of Listings Croaa eference Category Cede etcmax mama mum - I i Urue eiereme HailiSama far Part II below i Category Code List Same for Part II below 3 til-field List with weapons 1 Complex List uiih Heapons - mm - mama 1209 news 1 mum man with Jaapozzs 2 Gmplex List with weapons 1v - wanna es outlined in Mane appandix 3n 329-56 l _Part I - itemic weapon Requiremenns n d Summary 21336 Den-21d 320037 65 DECLASSIFIED i Authority 53 a '1 Part II Tslescnp d 31mm I a - 54- I 3 9 3 --2 Part 1 Deni-ad stockpile imposition 3- Part I Talescnped Emmy B44 't a 27-386 DEC 1 Authority 33 lo # 2131316 noc_1d 32003_765 '5 54300 l This stoma IIn'uapon Enquirer-s at Study for 1959 in 22 copies is submitted pursosnt to 765 Directive_ 51f 12'5 56 deter 15 Pebresn 1955 and JCS Menage 395-335 Boa-5 9 la b 2 541 -93 2 3 a wig-Log nd Ting -In the event of general war the mission of the Strategic Mr Comma is to conduct global strategic air warfare in support of US national and military abacctives utilizing atomic and nuclear ueepons In Vieu of the growing $v1et threat to the and its lilies as Hall as the increasing Soviet capability to launch an atomic offenaiun against them the accompli shment of the SM rule 510 must he realized through the execution of the following tasks in the order indicated Vin the Air Power Bottle by Eaabroying Sov loo Air Power - Douro Systematically SovElec Ner-Supporbiog Resources b T_sggating is currently defined cy the JES etrategic sir warfare includes among others the BRAVO jut-1m I and DELTA objectives These otjectivae are basic and valid Houevsr they influence the selection oi targets to the extent that one might infer a ccmpartnentsd and sequ nbial approach toward bargsbing In View of the rapid svar-lnerelsing Soviet throat and capability to wage atomic warfare against the UNITED 3133155 3 re orienbutionin shim-Ling and planning is re- quiz-ad particularly in terms of the greatly compressed time factor which vitally sffecu the attainment of these basic obiectiveo The SEC targeting philosophy for the Air Power Battle recognizing this compression in time encompasses all targets that support directly the enemy's Air Power capability i a mvEloc Air Forms in being on the ground ant if possible in the air including Atomic forces I In Defense forces is Tactical forces 2 $inloc air- bases launching sites and depots Atomic stockpile sizes Military and government control centers Sovliloc air industry and resources that directly support the enecqr's sir capability - It will he noted that all three of the basic obiactivas - Rm BEING and certain elements o-i included in these 11 - Pouer Battle Cate rie DECLASSIFIED 1 Authority 213$ - a-sasoo- ettack and the final blows are brought to bear against his economic base and his remaining government structure with attendant physical SociologiCal and cal effects c srgg ml The Sea Concept of targeting-establishes the general priorities of selected targets within the system In the My Power phase of the consign all important airfields or launching sites and all other sir power stegoriea of targets are brought under direct attack These targets or target complexes that do not ban a direct bearing on the Destruction of Sov loc air Power attentive are part of the Syatenetia Destruction ubiective The importance of the letter is not zunimizad although emphasis on it is only secondary during the opening phases of the air 'In oonr onence with the general precedence established by the tasks enumerated shove the considerations governing the selection or targute and Farther refinement of their importance are the following criteria Nurinution of USE-Communist GHIM targets responsive to the task of destroying the emny's air power Nomination of targets in the Sa iet Satellites that are responsive to the task cited above Nomination of USSR Commiet BHIM targets responsive to the task of systematic destruction of the enemy's war making potential 'l'nase targets are those that are basil to the functioning of the enemy's economy and industry Nomination of targets in the Eviet Satellite areas that are responsive to the task mentioned in the preceding sub paragraph The priorities uithin each of these groups vary according to the latent intelligence data However current war plane of this command reflect current priorities for attack in consonence with the taste EM mission concept and priority groupings mentioned store within the scope of the targeting philosoplu outlined ebove this ccmmand's grouping of targets differs from the divisioro listed in paragraph 9 of- the Appendix to 534-129 56 This is based primarily on the that the most important task for the 1959 conflict -the winning of the in Power Bettle- encompasses new categories of targets other than aircraft and airfielde For example key control Centers etmic stockpile sites PGL storage sites and air depots are all considered to fall in the priority category of air power tattle targets For the purposes of this study however the target system has been broken out in the tabular presentations wording to the target divisions listed in paragraph 9 0f 3 1-129-55 This breekdoun was impossible in the texget listings due to their unwieldy size as well so to End limitations hohever a category code listing r hes been included by means of uhich the oet-egoty of an target in question may be readily determined 3 Georg of _ ugat_ BLtem end Iustifigezion of Targets - m The target system presented in this study is in line with previous SAL estimates and within the bounds of the 51 of the target system anticipated by 1115 10-2 proportioned from i961 313 101 this study 10 2 eetirstes 1959 v r DECLASSIFIED Authority WE 2 a I - Hid- Range k'ar Plan for 1 July 195' SN 344-553 a revised Ly do ua included in 53339-2 of 15 February 19 56n- th ahwi the have been recent tut-he revisinne tn thin force structure Lhasa revisions will not materially change the views of this atady Doc-1d 32003755 'e-saecio 4500 target areas I - - 5975 targets of which 1302 an 935 DEBRA 23 5 13 Target meta-r 415 Dans-s ac-m1 lg 033's on basis of projected intelligence 3400 total The SCC system allow for an alt-es radar sites which not included Ln ME 10 2 and on eull targets as well as some Roma tat-gets From the 113 10-2 system A breakdown of the Part 1 target system and U02 '5 appear on pages mull ma II gr m Lreukdc-wn ul' tna Pal II target yetcm EM 033' appears on we L metifgg p 102 1 g qu get all target the nature or which may be described by any of the CetEgory Cadeu listed on - page 15-5 and which are rubponeive to either a the We tee ln cited paragraph 2e above are in cll ed 111 his study em canstitute the ENS target system -- us The great rue wlty of targets will he for etdk- tr SEC in accordance with meaiun abjectivee nd operational considerations tst of these targets lie in area -le only to 31C Mditiunally tar target may be atrL Bk by am for another comendar abuse deliva capnb it during the time period Jazy not be adequate in terms a range - Justification 01 each 1nd 111de target is based on its griority number this 1 1 tum Lain-pared by some operatioml consider-mime _detominee the type of weepcn replied It is to he hated that-same pe'iuritgr tea-gate have ueamne allocated to than only became of the expressed desire of other commas Miles Targets it was mutually agreed by all the cmmemi hapless tet- me that some duplication of effort un high priority air rave - Battle targets would be 'mt n desirstle and necessary Such duplication increases the that the target will be destroyed 1 one mm is _mebls 1 0 strike or if the degree of damage on the first strike is less than expected Lvary effort we made curing the conferences to keep such duplications M a minimum and to rust 1ct them to high priority air power battl tar-gate The dupLicetiona are clearly indicuued in the target lists and it will be note that they em largely r swarmed to high priority airfields 1 -- Erma - - - ame SQ tan Size and nompnsitlon of the force considered for 1 duly 1959 is in someone as within aint' The fares cansla e_ of During coordination of this stud-y with the other c5 unified and specifi'd L I DEC LASSIFIED 1 Authority 33 1 0 27386 544300 0 - Although 131551 is not included in SIP-I 3 14-55 or NPR 53 594 11 has been assigned ti Sh tba Fulaiicaticn 0 thus documents and Hili 1 6 mllable in the time period of this study b Ggeratimnal These factors ur based an a close analysis of amaze performance rrT-iuhiht-y we a prefix a time vs id t tore 1 intelligence vulner lit l'dity and nsrtain a aumptiona concerning duds attriuicn 3 arts am 1 it missiles uudglnant based on these rib and experience led to 19113 following faumra -Docld 32003765 on a priority basis zinc DEC LASSIFIED 1 Authority 33'a-saaoo-s in malt-H5 Foi- BRL Coajnputatiom T_j 139 54 wM Bi I Heap-on Tug-id and CEP - 31521For Total iiELleI EF- Ieilt bcmpumtlom 010 an - i Gross Error Buds i Pl e l'nrgaet Attrition LEONRaliabiliby Basra 1 55 If aux-age Ebctar I Based on pari am rgce similar to 933 H hrled' ombera 3300' Ali-Heaths i2 Fighter 60011 sz 33055de 5an 311 3331 arm I I 1 L wit 2713 86 nocld 320037 65 nocId 32003765 man SHARK 2 1m 1 I - ti This 0 11de Miami no rerun way-ens purely as such The reserve waapans requircmant ahowr in this study see pages 11-14 is for actual programming Eguinst Proeantad 5 HM 11 cannot be program-ed tadnr In - 1' this category sum DGE's are pro'ectiona based on Intelligence eztimtes uhi e unhers am curantly existing 1343 s which - are not yet pmcisely located Naithar in Part I nor Part II are specific recur weapons astiignad be specific tu grits 2 or 1qu places - I 1 5 Iona a Selactiu The following stockpile cunfiguretinn is comyntibla with the forcectructm-a SnTiBhgu for 3 2'q c ha tasis of imormation in Arms to paendia of 31- 159-56 and um 53 59 Joint Fi - ange Bier Plan 1957 l - 1 mm 33-4 3 52 19 1-31 52mmPrimary Carrier I Alt-1 5mm Carri-sf 1-1 235 I 1 H 217 x -1 Mlicatlon EVary effort hs-s bean made to adhere to the following general guide linea in applying- 9 they appropriate Heapcn to a given target I - 1 1 Highest 315 11 uaapun an pmgramned for Air Power Battle target to 05 21er snisfacdon of damage aritaria to prov-ids for economy of force and to reduc cparatlonal requirement-a ll a aortic t9 mLimm among thanlir Power Eattle 1 5 rget a an airfieldn launching sites con rms air indurnry 1 atomic industry and stockpiles migsila sites DECLASSIFIED 1 jikutlu lrity 2 1 a-saaoo In the situation above every effort has been made to restrict the us or high yield uoapons on Air Pouor- Bottle tux-gate in the European Satelliias in consideration of political and offensiVe 1 defensive implications provided dams criteria and economy of force are mintained To this and high 5 yield weapons have been appliud only against airfield-o in the European Satellites 3 Generally atomic weapons ars'hselgusd to Satellita targets Multiple weapons und compound effect are daaired only to tho extent that damage criteriu are satisfied 5 Generally ouch airfield torgaL constitutes one 1162 Atomic weapons ganeraily are oesigmd to target in the systematic Dertruction category 13 3ng Qgitgu The 5m tui'geting concept is based on the no l ncceptad probehility that the Lir Power Battle will to no compressed in time that friars - ls decision me be reachec in the initial stages This dictator maximum _efi activaness mean and cormen ration fire power economy of force minimum sax-ties flexinllity gonna 1n axons of the 1111111 me to be used in coping with unmuel rmximum assurance that wary few results reatrike This implies use of thu highest yield weapon commensuratl with priority stockpile configuntion operational considerations and to a degree that Hill inaura target da mction If operotrional or confait considerations preclude the 0111 utilization of thasa general objectives then the potential usefulness of the target must to deniod the enarw during the docisiva phase In keeping with the above at following damage criteria are established J Gretel-ins of run-rays if fuzing permits 2 Crensfing of undergrouna targets deairod903 probability of collupze of all above-grown structures whether on airfield - or in areas containing Mr Power Battle torguts U A 70 probability of damage on individml targets if the total average for any complex amm ts to 90 5 although tha 95% probability of damage in desired - 5 The criteria in the preceding sot-paragraph are loss in Satellite 505 - Collapse wlherstility numbers nasignhd to all 4151 Power Battle and Lnduatrial sthuraa I -- d Fugi g D832Contact - I r - Atomics 511 1230 feet I Law As 1 qu a height of hut as pcssiole Contact tul'ct keiog the daeired goal is stipulltn for precursor effect of these tugs of weapons An air ha uculd rsoult in daemon of blast offset on 1gh and conas- mint I e all TN weapons in order to provide for collapse of impo taut tsrgeta the mam- y or which bear a UN nigh-r than tin-01gb 1 27385 DECLASSIFIED lo 1 Authority -- -- - -- s-moo diam-ting oi the col-lame orient-he Thin obfacbi m must be rateined in the case of ii - Pouer Battle taranta particularly - airfielda where crataring is required to preclude any possibility of recuperation during the deciaiva ptwaa- or the conflict _ Since lm 1 5 of the essence in the winning of tho MD Ruler Battle primer - mil-3mg must of nomasiw be placed on blast effects in order to assure trreet'deotruction within $h1l limited time period Primary reliance cannot be placed on thermal or radiation effect since bog-n are relggvalz igeggectiva cougar-ad git blag Radiation affects particularly ineffective in terms ci tima due to air delayed arrival an a aguent decay Tha full implications of aurfam karate for nuclear Va p n have teen carefully h'aighsd While the obiectiw to surface burst and the probability of radio active fall-outs affecting friendly toner and peat-lea have been considered the requirement to win the Air Fwer Battle ia paramount to all ether conaiderationa It the ii - Power Bottle is not van the cormanguencas to the friendly worlti will be far more disastrous than the sage-acted effects of fall-out contensinationm g the peripheral areas With regard to friendly Enron and peeplaa as noted previously every effort haa been made to hbld' to a minimum the number of nuclear Weapons poster-med for targets in Satellite countriea Although aurface'tursts for - air-field targets are considered annual this rule can and will be waived in apecific inatances v'nera i rleraily force I may be seriously threatened by fell out heart from and t-ureta However it must be home in mind that the ight of the 3M3 attack will probably to such that blast radiation effects and fires will have preceded fall-out in many areas Flirt-hazy 1 I fact be 5-8119 that Alli d Tome and countries uill undoubtedly ba'au niaot to atomic and nuclear attacks 53' Soviet forces In auch circumstances the direct and fall-out effects of than enemy waapone my wall render academia the problem of fall out from our om weapons Finally although localized fall-cut hazards from am i ace twat nuclear uanpona - are greater world-wide contamination is minimiaw when the ans-face burst is utilisedv - I Height of burst for atomic weapon in a stated in the pranading subwparagruph There weapons are I C 3 primrily for nae in the Satellite auditor employment against 1w VN targets aircraft survival is not a mem- con si aration Multigle Un ngpi I-i lltiple weapons or some targets are dictated by the north of the target it 313e type of weapon employed and damage criteria also it must- be appreciated that sane aircraft- will abort others will he attritsd 50W weapons will kinds and some Erma arrow will occur In the case of a targat whose priority demand - ita immediate destruction imsupport af the Air i ower Battle ot-tactiva it is mandatory that all of these factors to con- aidered The ccwaitiuent or one aircraft and weapon to each a wrga would provide an ul'lncceptat-ly low probability of I target deatruction The the element of the Air- Pouar Battle u such as to prohibit on ra-attock after I of the initial attack Sufficient weapons must he launched on the initial tted to provide a target da atruction probability approaching certainty - a my Due to the la single weapon Gentruction yrobability at niaeil'aa may will ta marl generally to augment and support but not to replace the manned bout-er force They no play uaeful rule to aid the tombar force in penetrating a target area by saturating it by diverting some of the enemy's- dei ansiw fora- 2 and possibly by neutralq' iaing apenii'ic targets pending a bomber strike SHARK my be utilized in this manner throughout the target system - although tr Vulnerability-will sax-193313 limit the amount of dependence which can be placed on its effects IRBM - bar-ewe of limited range may play the sane rolls in peripheral areas RAFCAL may be used i'1-pensuation of immediate defenses mmluma nem - I r h nltezngta Hen-93E The mot-atla- arriarwespon combination together with alternate Hsapona forIEach 133795 of aircraft 1 521313253 an Bra 6 Tn I'JJi'Hf r'u Th1 mmrrarm F t m Mn an an en In- Ehls studyruntricta uaapona to those listed in Annex of the niwnd'ix 5 Eli-12945- 1151 3399-13511 present an additionsExam- 3 42 use 21 5mm 'cz' Shut 21335 DocId 32003765 - 1 Authority DEC 0 2133 V I I - 8 64300 requirement to 1111 cammand over and above the stockpile requirement So - Part I of the study The 60 Hr Hanpan 15 canai ared usentiai not only as a at-errant but also to assure significant results awn'with a greatly retina-d force in the sveht uf - surprise stuck by the Soviets 1 Ha The spew-rum 01' wagon application and by tvpaa of target-5 is indicated on the following pang-E 'Gon putetians and factors mail in arriving at stockpile composition for Part I and Part II are included in carngruph 1 above Fuutor5 ' BTU rue- an - - an N DocId 32003 6 5 DEC 1 Authority i 31339' -saa o Carmen A Pom gym I I - 2493 Form-as sin mama I I Hum 31 - Us 21541 HI m 1 Headquarters Depots mm 9mm mnam ontrals #1139119 311593 - 01111 IV - controllcagtg a I - 4111 Industry' I I I - Sub-Total 303' Sub-Total any Sub-Total Hoquirezrant DocId 3 2003 65 I Authority 33 l 31E mums gmxuou ma '5 4935Stockpils 315m 1 II - Defense I - Cant- 5013 I I - Kisaila SiteSites 3314 Storage Sites Sites Reg cup Mrfie 1 13 Radar Sites II - auxin Orr-Call Targets Misc Targeta m Sites Bag-Lagos Sgt-Pug Concentrations Sum-ammz-a iub-T at El BEL Sub-Total Raquiramtt TOT-IL mils 5m Tam Bar 513mm - mm gm mf Null - 12 - E13 'nocld 32003765 DECLASSIFIED awa b' 1 Authority 'i - - a sasoo- Ragga Continued Doc1d1320037 65 on mm This desired comploaitian has been tailor-ed turgeb system outlined for Part I gg iuym 353mm 10m 551 haw-11 - U31 21 21 -35 I 14-3 The following tat-ls also Wat-'3 the number nT mZ'a that can be attacks both with and withou Consideration for base lass 2 7336 LI 1 Authority 31339 a 5h3oo ummn '-35 1 - us 216218 - RD chI 320937 65 1N I Ever suturing no Ease lose destruction or only 1209 can he assured Under these conditions 73$ commund has elected to ignore the bass loss factor on the assumption that JCS reserves will be made available to 52 0- hccurd lgly the application of weapons to targets for Part II has been hand on a 1209 1' as required DGZ configuration - a - 1 Authority 33' l 1 mama gm 4M W1 magma L1 10 cEincm in mm mg i - lt lic'fg e'a 11 19165 Haadqunrtau's Depots Defense Forces - Airfields I Control-1 11153113 Site mm - og trgl Centers v- I B gmmum BL Sub-Total k I 11 53 fnekpila Sites- SAM Bitas ISBN Sites Radars biota m m tom EH HEAFONS TOTAL SAD WHEELER DocId 32003765 my IJI - 2 U92 3168 ll Cl - nu ax - 1 ED Authority a-sesoo 7 6 - - a wing The principal parts of this dctument are II - Crosmrefarens e Ilist for'easa Lu idantifyiug names with different spellings Category Coda list for ease in determining the nature of targets Part 1 target list wherein weapons are garagranimed against ts - gate on the halls of nurse tricted Incest-inn U Part II target list wherein weapons are programmed against targets on the basis sf 59 000 Kg of oral lay equivalent Tubular presentations of ' - I Part I Atomic Weapon Requirements Part II- Desired stockpile Composition - Part I Tslascaped Summary Part Tslasco-pad Summary Descrintich Listings I The cross referance list is sn alphabetical sn sequential reference nuatsr listing of none places - Oppcsita each man of then a reference is mad-a to tha magar complex name under uhi ah the place is grouped in the twin bed of target listings Part I and Part II Airfields are clearly assign-uteri as such t See peg h- I i The Category Code List gives a translation of the three digit figures appearing under each complex may and thereby serves as 5 men 01' describing the nature cf the target This nuwriwl code like other I u I Q- W a27386 61 occ1d 32003755 in the body of the listings was designed for adaptation to RAM processing mathoyis See page Part I is sub divided into an Air isld List and temple List a3 In the Airfield List the inmrmation is presented alphabetically each column from left tu' right pertains to the following priority number reference mutter name D02 weapon types conund- - inttrast Sines all airfield weapons are surface-turn no columns to indies-e air or aux-fast b'Iaa'st are included In the industrial complex List the format is similar sea page rst sample IfnrmatJ anIt II follows the same format as in Part II - arget dupli _ stiuna with other commands are clsarly' indicated in the column at the right 316 Eur each page Tabular Presentations for Park I and II follow the format of fauna 129-556 4 H1 nun-11' Au DocId 32003765 FEES 200 '54300 l-L Sub-C urdplei Name tho um urn X Ram's-sent target duplicated with amend indicated I FEET 3323 f-Sbwn - ill-7L 102 5250 man an es 533 033 can 033 033 1 1 353 0051 G613 2 0051 01322 227 c051 ms 208 0051 3357 2 6 3351 0095 EB 4914 032 1 85 114 mi 9931 gr 1 81 - I'lajor Complex Nara Plug country name 11 in saunas amt-1mg amyclopa ia Numbers - rst digit 1nd icata on which targat is located second digita indicate installaticn or number within Category Code Number See F150 1344 lemming target on which SAG is to deliver weapon fur tha -'pnrticu18r and for which a hed command has weapcm program-ed 'sqmb'um 12 use tisaummich N WW Eo ght by mud