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Summary report on One-on-One meeting between Presidents Clinton and Yeltsin, May 10, 1995, Kremlin

Summairy report on One-On-One Meeting Between Presidents Clinton and Y e l t s i n May 10 1995 10 10 a m - 1 19 p m St Catherine's H a l l The Kremlin BNY Thank you f o r coming t o Moscow and f o r a t t e n d i n g t h i s occasion t h e 50th a n n i v e r s a r y o f our g r e a t v i c t o r y Your p a r t i c i p a t i o n i n yesterday's c e l e b r a t i o n w i l l add t o our p a r t n e r s h i p r e l a t i o n s h i p c o o p e r a t i o n and personal f r i e n d s h i p Thank H i l l a r y t o o she seemed g l a d t o see the V i c t o r y Memorial WJC A l l t h e ceremonies were t e l e v i s e d back t o t h e U S so our people can get a b e t t e r understanding o f t h e s a c r i f i c e s o f the Russian people -- a b e t t e r sense o f our p a r t n e r s h i p o f 50 years ago That should make i t e a s i e r f o r our people t o see t h a t they have a chance t o t a k e up where we l e f t o f f 50 years ago That i s what you and I have been d o i n g The w o r l d i s a s a f e r p l a c e than i t was two and a h a l f years ago when we began our p a r t n e r s h i p BNY No q u e s t i o n We now have o n l y t o r a t i f y START I I I keep pounding on my parliament t o r a t i f y START IX I squeeze squeeze squeeze them Do i t I say So t h a t then we can work on START I I I I t h i n k t h i s w i l l happen i n a s h o r t while WJC I agree w i t h t h a t e n t i r e l y We both must work t o r a t i f y START I I so t h a t we can then go f a r t h e r BNY We have a chance The hardest t h i n g B i l l i s t o persuade our m i l i t a r i e s -- both yours and ours -- t o accept t h e next s t e p START I I I I've a l r e a d y c a s r r i e d out t h i s o p e r a t i o n My m i l i t a r y i s prepared t o move toward START III We're f i r m l y a b i d i n g by START 1 And w i t h respect t o s t r a t e g i c and t a c t i c a l arms we've destroyed a l l t a c t i c a l weapons we've s t a r t e d t o d e s t r o y s t r a t e g i c weapons We've removed t h e s t r a t e g i c weapons from Ukraine and Kazakhstan Now on t h e q u e s t i o n o f U k r a i n i a n s t r a t e g i c arms -- we're working togher on t h i s i s s u e We're complying w i t h t h e t i m e t a b l e f o r s t r a t e g i c - a r m s e l i m i n a t i o n but so f a r we've been p u t t i n g warheads i n storage because we don't have t h e f a c i l i t i e s f o r e l i m i n a t i n g them We a p p r e c i a t e t h e a s s i s t a n c e we've g o t t e n from you we're b u i d l i n g f a c i l i t i e s t o reprocess weapons-grade m a t e r i a l i n t o o r d i n a r y f u e l f o r p e a c e f u l purposes DECLASSIFIED IN PART PER E 0 13526 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY ' Z ''' I must say t h a t two years ago i f we were t o say g o i n g t o d e s t r o y t h i s s t u f f a l o t o f p e o p l e would say This i s making us weaker t h a n Western c o u n t r i e s But t h i s t a l k i s o v e r Even t h e o p p o s i t i o n -- everyone everyone -- a g r e e s t h a t t h i s process o f d e n u c l e a r i z a t i o n s h o u l d go f o r w a r d I f e e l c o n f i d e n t we w i l l g e t p a s t t h i s t h r e s h o l d and go on t o START I I even b e f o r e b o t h o f our 1996 e l e c t i o n s But what causes us concern here -- and what we've g o t t o do i n t i m e -- i s d e v e l o p i n g a common view o f Pan-European s e c u r i t y and NATO T h i s i s a c o m p l i c a t e d i s s u e We need t o d i s c u s s i t t o d a y i n a v e r y f r a n k way WJC I agree b u t f i r s t I want t o f i n i s h on t h e o t h e r s u b j e c t and mention something e l s e about disarmament We a r e d i s m a n t l i n g our weapeans ahead o f s c h e d u l e BNY We a r e t o o WJC I know and I'm p l e a s e d w i t h t h e work we're d o i n g t o g e t h e r and t h e agreements w i t h w i t h U k r a i n e Kazakhstan and B e l a r u s However j u s t b e f o r e I l e f t t o come h e r e I r e c e i v e d a r e p o r t from a committee t h a t a d v i s e s me on s c i e n c e I t c o n t a i n e d d i s t r e s s i n g i n f o r m a t i o n and I want t o share i t w i t h you They concluded t h a t n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l s i n Russia are q u i t e w e l l managed and secure i n terms o f n o t b e i n g s u b j e c t t o s a l e on t h e b l a c k market o r d i v e r t e d But t h e y expressed concern about a d e t e r i o r a t i o n o f safeguards on f i s s i l e m a t e r i a l s under t h e c o n t r o l o f MINATOM i e n o n - m i l i t a r y m a t e r i a l We c a n ' t r e s o l v e t h i s t o d a y and I won't say a n y t h i n g about i t p u b l i c l y Among o t h e r t h i n g s we need t o g e t on t o t h e s u b j e c t o f European s e c u r i t y But l e t ' s ask VP Gore and PM Chernomyrdin t o study i t and make recommendations t o us BNY Good b u t I want t o say we have our problems one i s Tomsk-7 -- a huge f a c i l i t i e s -- where we produce n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l s I ' v e been t h e r e i t ' s huge I f we c l o s e i t we won't be a b l e t o p r o v i d e e l e c t i c i t y t o an e n t i r e c i t y t h a t depends on i t So we need t o b u i l d a new atomic power s t a t i o n t h a t w i l l a l l o w us t o c l o s e down Tomsk-7 The problem so f a r i s t h a t we don't have enough money But e v e n t u a l l y we won't have any power p l a n t s t h a t produce weapons-grade m a t e r i a l WJC The r e p o r t I spoke about r a i s e s concerns about s m a l l amounts o f n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l under MINATOM I t i s v u l n e r a b l e t o b e i n g s t o l e n I ' d l i k e t o i n s t r u c t VP Gore t o share our i n f o r m a t i o n w i t h PM Chernomyrdin and r e v i e w i t and come up w i t h recommendations f o r us CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY BNY Good b u t I can o n l y say here t h a t t h i s i s s u e i n v o l v e s j u s t Tomsk-7 where t h e y make weapons-grade n u c l e a r material WJC You might d i s a g r e e w i t h t h i s approach b u t we need t o discuss t h i s k i n d o f t h i n g I want t o g i v e you t h e i n f o r m a t i o n -- j u s t as I ' d expect you t o share w i t h me any i n f o r m a t i o n you t h o u g h t I s h o u l d know about BNY Yes B i l l t h a t ' s good But I was b e i n g honest when I s a i d t h a t Tomsk-7 i s n o t m i l i t a r y -- i t ' s M i k h a i l o v ' s MINATOM's What's t h e g a i n i f we c l o s e Tomsk-7 and cannot g e t power to t h e b i g c i t y t i e d i n t o t h i s s t a t i o n I t ' s impossible t o s t e a l a n y t h i n g from Tomsk-7 I ' v e been a l l over t h a t s i t e I ' v e walked t h r o u g h i t on f o o t i n w h i t e gloves and a w h i t e u n i f o r m w i t h a l l t h a t p r o t e c t i v e s t u f f and s a f e t y badges t h a t t h e y make you wear They have d i s c i p l i n e d p e o p l e and t h e b e s t s e c u r i t y f a c i l i t i e s WJC I ' d l i k e t o r e p e a t what I s a i d e a r l i e r We've g o t t o focus here on a d i f f e r e n t i s s u e which i s a s m a l l amount o f n u c l e a r m a t e r i a l i n a non-power-plant s e t t i n g i n Russia -- w h i c h c o u l d be s t o l e n and s o l d on t h e w o r l d market t h a t ' s something on which perhaps we c o u l d do something q u i e t l y t o g e t h e r We don't have t o d i s c u s s t h i s now I ' d l i k e t o have t h e V i c e P r e s i d e n t t a l k t o Prime M i n i s t e r Chernomrydin and t h e y can do i t BNY W e l l t h e r e i s a q u e s t i o n o f B e l o y a r s k s t a t i o n which i s a f a s t - n e u t r o n r e a c t o r and t h e r e ' s some p l u t o n i u m We have shut down one u n i t and t h e two u n i t s ' s t i l l woirking a r e o n l y f o r p e a c e f u l purposes They a r e n o t f o r weapons b u t f o r power f o r Sverdlovsk and o t h e r c i t i e s When t h e Gore-Chernomrydin Commission meets w e ' l l open a l l f a c i l i t i e s and who them every s i t e i n Russia L e t them see and r e p o r t t o us Before g e t t i n g back t o European s e c u r i t y I want t o t a l k about t h e s u b j e c t o f o u r r e l a t i o n s w i t h I r a n What d e c i s i o n s d i d I t a k e j u s t b e f o r e your v i s i t I n our c o n t r a c t we've l e f t i n p l a c e o n l y t h e d e l i v e r y o f energy-producing u n i t s f o r p e a c e f u l purposes We have t u r n e d them t h e I r a n i a n s down on a n y t h i n g i n t h e c o n t r a c t t h a t has t o do w i t h m i l i t a r y i s s u e s There a r e f o u r p o i n t s I want t o make h e r e F i r s t no centrifuge -- Second the two s i l o s -- Nyet Nyet CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Third we'll refuse delivery of m i l i t a r y weapons-gradematerials F o u r t h o n l y p e a c e f u l r e a c t o r s w i l l be d e l i v e r e d I n l i g h t o f what I ' v e s a i d we s h o u l d t a k e i t easy and s t o p t o r t u r i n g each o t h e r about I r a n You have o u t c r i e s from your o p p o s i t i o n and so do I L e t ' s s t o p s t i r r i n g them up You have $5 6 b i l l i o n p e r year i n t r a d e o f your own w i t h I r a n We don't g i v e you a h a r d t i m e f o r t h a t We don't g i v e you a hard t i m e f o r t h e f a c t t h a t i t was t h e U S and n o t Russia t h a t gave them a l l t h e y wanted you armed I r a n i n t h e f i r s t p l a c e i n t h e days o f t h e Shah We're g i v i n g them equipment f o r p e a c e f u l use f o r e l e c t r i c power s t a t i o n s -- n o t one i o t a more -- even though we w i l l l o s e f i n a n c i a l l y because w e ' l l have t o c u t back on t h e contract t o eliminate the gas-centrifuge WJC F i r s t l e t me say t h a t I a p p r e c i a t e t h e f a c t t h a t you a r e not g o i n g f o r w a r d w i t h t h e enrichment f a c i l i t y That's a good d e c i s i o n But l e t me t e l l you about my own d e c i s i o n which answers one o f your p o i n t s Ten days ago I announced a t o t a l embargo on U S t r a d e w i t h I r a n so w e ' l l be g i v i n g up t h e money you mentioned I realize this i s a sensitive economic and p o l i t i c a l i s s u e f o r you and f o r me Senator Dole and Speaker G i n g r i c h have c a l l e d f o r an a i d c u t o f f i f I r a n i s g i v e n t h i s r e a c t o r I don't 'agree w i t h what t h e y ' r e s a y i n g and I don't t h i n k t h a t we s h o u l d g e t i n t o t h a t k i r i d o f use o f our a i d program t o p u n i s h Russia I want t o d i s c u s s t h i s i s s u e i n terms o f what i s r i g h t f o r Russia and what i s r i g h t f o r t h e w o r l d BNY B i l l here's what I propose l e t ' s have Gore and Chernomyrdin reach agreement on a p r o t o c o l t h a t w i l l e s t a b l i s h what d e l i v e r i e s can go ahead and which ones we s h o u l d s t o p You and I w i l l t h e n r e v i e w t h e p r o t o c o l WJC L e t me make sure we u n d e r s t a n d each o t h e r I f you'll l e t t h e GCC p r e s e n t arguments and evidence on why t h e r e s h o u l d be no s a l e t h e n I agree I f you expect me t o agree now t h a t t h e s a l e s h o u l d go f o r w a r d even i n p a r t I cannot agree CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Our p o s i t i o n i s t h a t n u c l e a r c o o p e r a t i o n o f any k i n d w i t h I r a n is a m i s t a k e -- from y o u r s t a n d p o i n t as w e l l as our We can a l s o p r o v i d e you w i t h i n f o r m a t i o n t o p r o v e t h a t We can a l s o t a l k t o you about how t o m i n i m i z e t h e economic c o s t t o you f o r t h e l o s s o f t h e s a l e BNY B i l l what a r e you t a l k i n g about These a r e l i g h t water r e a c t o r s You're p r o v i d i n g t h e same t h i n g t o N o r t h Korea WJC There's a b i g d i f f e r e n c e F i r s t by b u i l d i n g a n u c l e a r r e a c t o r and g e t t i n g money from South Korea and Japan we're r e d u c i n g N o r t h Korea's n u c l e a r program from t h e l e v e l t h a t already e x i s t s I r a n doesn't have LWR t e c h n o l o g y So i n N o r t h Korea we're moving them d r a s t i c a l l y away from a program t h e y have w h i l e i n I r a n we're t r y i n g t o persuade you n o t t o h e l p them s t a r t one up Don't you see t h a t d i f f e r e n c e BNY No no A l l t h e cadres -- a l l t h e a t o m i c workers i n I r a n were t r a i n e d by t h e U S There a r e no Russian e x p e r t s i n I r a n We're r e f u s i n g t o p r o v i d e e x p e r t s and we're l e t t i n g them have o n l y t h e LWR f o r p e a c e f u l purposes That's why I urge t h a t Gore and Chernomyrdin l o o k i n t o t h e m a t t e r and draw up a p r o t o c o l W e ' l l p r o v i d e o n l y what we s h o u l d A l l othe p a r t s o f t h e c o n t r a c t w e ' l l c u t o u t We'11 t a k e t h e l o s s and maybe you w i l l be a b l e t o make p a r t o f i t up The Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission w i l l have t o produce a p r o t o c o l s t a t i n g what i s t o be p r o v i d e d and what i s n o t WJC There's a p o i n t here you s h o u l d u n d e r s t a n d We have i n t e l l i g e n c e t h a t we b e l i e v e p r o v e s I r a n i s t r y i n g t o develop n u c l e a r weapons I w i l l share a copy w i t h you Hands o v e r Russian-language t e x t I r a n does n o t need n u c l e a r f a c i l i t i e s f o r energy because i t has enough o i l I t wants r e a c t o r s f o r o t h e r p u r p o s e s BNY They a r e n o t capable o f d e v e l o p i n g a nuclear-weapons program WJC They a r e n o t capable o f d o i n g so now b u t N o r t h Korea proves t h a t even a c o u n t r y under IAEA safeguards can develop such a program over t i m e A l s o Russia i s c l o s e r t o I r a n t h a n t h e U S i s t h a t s h o u l d make you a l l t h e more c a r e f u l h e r e Moreover you are a co-sponsor w i t h us o f t h e M i d d l e East Peace p r o c e s s Even t h e Arab s t a t e s say t h a t I r a n i s a p r i n c i p a l f o r c e t r y i n g t o d i s r u p t peace -- and t h a t i t would be a b i g m i s t a k e t o b u i l d a power p l a n t t h e r e Think about t h a t f a c t o r t o o CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Now B o r i s I r e c o g n i z e t h a t even i f you b e l i e v e d I was r i g h t you c o u l d n o t announce t o d a y t h a t you were ending the sale So I propose announcing t o d a y t h a t t h e e n r i c h m e n t f a c i l i t y and o t h e r m i l i t a r y - r e l a t e d o r - p o t e n t i a l aspect a r e c a n c e l l e d and t h e Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission w i l l examine t h e i s s u e o f t h e r e a c t o r s a l e i n the l i g h t o f ourinformation This i s t h e kind o f equipment t h a t r e q u i r e s maximum safeguards under any c i r c u m s t a n c e s But we t h i n k t h e answer i n t h i s case i s c a n c e l l i n g t h e s a l e a l t o g e t h e r even though you c a n ' t say t h a t t o d a y So you say you a r e r e v i e w i n g t h e i n f o r m a t i o n we have g i v e n you t h e i n t e l l i g e n c e and a l t e r n a t i v e p r o p o s a l s t o d e a l w i t h t h e economic impact I r e a l i z e you c a n ' t say today I can't s e l l t h e r e a c t o r s B u t you can say L e t ' s l o o k a t t h e r e p o r t So no c e n t r i f u g e no m i l i t a r i l y u s e f u l t e c h n o l o g y -- t h a t w e ' l l announce today and w e ' l l t u r n t h e r e s t over t o t h e Gore-Chernomyrdin Commission t o work h a r d on a r e s o l u t i o n For o u r p a r t t h e r e s o l u t i o n w e ' l l be a r g u i n g f o r i s c a n c e l l i n g t h e d e a l and t r y i n g t o f i n d ways t o h e l p you t h e overcome t h e cost o f t h e loss BNY We've g o t a d e a l O f f e r s h i s hand and t h e y shake on i t Now t o t h e i s s u e o f European s e c u r i t y -- a q u e s t i o n no l e s s i m p o r t a n t t h a n t h e one we've been d i s c u s s i o n I n f a c t i t ' s more i m p o r t a n t I want t o g e t a c l e a r u n d e r s t a n d i n g o f your idea o f NATO expansion because now I see n o t h i n g b u t h u m i l i a t i o n f o r Russia i f you proceed How do you t h i n k i t l o o k s t o us i f one b l o c c o n t i n u e s t o e x i s t w h i l e t h e Warsaw Pact has been a b o l i s h e d I t ' s a new form o f e n c i r c l e m e n t i f t h e one s u r v i v i n g Cold War b l o c expands r i g h t up t o t h e b o r d e r s o f Russia Many Russians have a sense o f f e a r What do you want t o a c h i e v e w i t h t h i s i f Russia i s your p a r t n e r t h e y ask I ask i t t o o Why do you want t o do t h i s We need a new s t r u c t u r e f o r Pan-European s e c u r i t y n o t o l d ones Perhaps t h e s o l u t i o n i s t o postpone NATO expansion u n t i l t h e y e a r 2000 so t h a t l a t e r we can come up w i t h some new i d e a s L e t ' s have no b l o c s o n l y one European space t h a t p r o v i d e s f o r i t s own s e c u r i t y I f we l e a v e t h e q u e s t i o n o f expansion t o t h e year 2000 w e ' l l calm t h e whole s i t u a t i o n down You and I a r e heading f o r e l e c t i o n s The e x t r e m i s t s and h a r d l i n e r s a r e e x p l o i t i n g t h i s i s s u e f o r t h e i r own purposes -- on b o t h s i d e s I am b e i n g a t t a c k e d from b o t h t h e r i g h t and t h e l e f t on t h i s We need a common European space t h a t p r o v i d e s f o r o v e r a l l s e c u r i t y So l e t ' s postpone any change i n NATO u n t i l 1999 o r 2000 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY By t h e way France i s n o t i n agreement w i t h your p o l i c y M i t t e r r a n d t o l d me so As f o r K o h l and Major I u n d e r s t a n d t h e y ' r e a r e under your i n f l u e n c e They t r i e d t o t a l k me i n t o your approach But f o r me t o agree t o t h e b o r d e r s o f NATO expanding t o w a r d t h o s e o f Russia -- t h a t would c o n s t i t u t e a b e t r a y a l on my p a r t o f t h e Russian p e o p l e I ' d be p r e p a r e d t o t a l k about an a l t e r n a t i v e L e t ' s say t h a t Russia w i l l g i v e every s t a t e t h a t wants t o j o i n NATO a guarantee t h a t we won't i n f r i n g e on i t s s e c u r i t y That way t h e y ' l l have n o t h i n g t o f e a r from t h e E a s t WJC I understand t h e p o l i t i c a l complexity o f t h i s issue f o r you b u t f i r s t I ' d l i k e t o d i s c u s s i t on t h e m e r i t s Then we can t a l k about t h e p o l i t i c a l d i f f i c u l t i e s i t p r e s e n t s f o r you NATO was e s t a b l i s h e d f o r t h e purpose o f making sure t h a t t h e U S and Canada a r e f u l l y i n v o l v e d i n European s e c u r i t y i t was founded d u r i n g t h e Cold War and i t was s e t up a g a i n s t t h e S o v i e t Union Now t h e Cold War i s over and Russia does n o t p r e s e n t a t h r e a t t o t h e NATO states I acknowledge t h i s The q u e s t i o n i s does t h e U S a t t h e end o f t h e Cold War s t i l l need a s e c u r i t y r e l a t i o n s h i p w i t h Europe a l o n g w i t h a p o l i t i c a l and economic r e l a t i o n s h i p BNY I'm n o t so sure you do WJC W e l l I b e l i e v e we do Yesterday's c eremony was a reminder o f why Europe i n c l u d i n g Russia c e r t a i n l y wanted us i n v o l v e d a g a i n s t H i t l e r and f o r t h e 50 years s i n c e t h e n d u r i n g t h e Cold War we needed such a r e l a t i o n s h i p So t h e q u e s t i o n now i s how can t h e U S c o n t i n u e t o be i n v o l v e d i n Europe i n a way t h a t makes sure Russia i s i n t e g r a t e d i n t o Europe and p l a y s i t s r i g h t f u l r o l e Our purpose i s t o use o u r presence t o work c o o p e r a t i v e l y w i t h Russia t o w a r d i n t e g r a t i o n But a l o t o f t h i s i s up t o you -- what you do and what you don't do Our g o a l i s f o r t h e U S t o s t a y i n Europe and promote a u n i f i e d i n t e g r a t e d Europe I propose t h e f o l l o w i n g F i r s t t h a t we do t h e b e s t we can w i t h PFP which I ' v e worked h a r d t o make an i m p o r t a n t o r g a n i z a t i o n i n i t s own right Second t h a t t h e r e be a r o l e f o r Russia i n PFP and a c l e a r statement from t h e U S t h a t Russia s h o u l d n o t be e x c l u d e d from NATO membership CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY T h i r d t h a t t h e r e be a s p e c i a l r e l a t i o n s h i p between Russia and NATO as d i s c u s s e d by V i c e P r e s i d e n t Gore w i t h you when he v i s i t e d you i n t h e h o s p i t a l F o u r t h t h a t t h e r e be a v e r y d e l i b e r a t e process o f NATO's membership f o r review B o r i s l e t me d e s c r i b e f o r you what we're p l a n n i n g under t h e d e c i s i o n t h a t NATO made i n December I t ' s i m p o r t a n t f o r you t o understand what we a r e and a r e n o t d o i n g I t o l d you i n January 1994 a f t e r o u r NATO summit t h a t NATO i s open t o a d m i t t i n g new members We r e c o g n i z e d t h a t a d m i t t i n g new members r a i s e d a l o t o f q u e s t i o n s t h a t r e q u i r e d c a r e f u l study by o u r e x p e r t s as w e l l as o u r p o l i t i c a l l e a d e r s I n December o f 1994 we agreed t o s t a r t a process t o answer t h o s e q u e s t i o n s That's what we c a l l t h e how and why o f NATO enlargement Those a r e t h e q u e s t i o n s we need t o answer b e f o r e we c o u l d even b e g i n t o t h i n k about who and when We decided t o do a p r e l i m i n a r y i n t e r n a l NATO s t u d y o f t h e how and why We'll p r o b a b l y f i n i s h t h a t s t u d y sometime t h i s summer Then a f t e r t h e study i s f i n i s h e d we i n t e n d t o p r e s e n t t h e r e s u l t s o f t h a t study t o a l l t h e members o f t h e P a r t n e r s h i p f o r Peace i n c l u d i n g Russia That's going t o t a k e p l a c e t h i s f a l l -- we p l a n t o f i n i s h t h e p r e s e n t a t i o n s by December We expect t h a t our c o n v e r s a t i o n s about t h e how and why a r e g o i n g t o r a i s e as many q u e s t i o n s as t h e y answer So a f t e r December 1995 we're g o i n g t o r e v i e w t h e r e s u l t s o f those p r e s e n t a t i o n s -- t h a t w i l l consume us f o r t h e f i r s t h a l f o f 1996 BNY The f i r s t h a l f Meaning what WJC A t l e a s t t h e f i r s t h a l f a t l e a s t up t o June o r J u l y -- t h e summer o f '96 What I'm t e l l i n g you i s t h a t t h i s process w i l l t a k e a major p o r t i o n o f 1996 f o r f u r t h e r reflection I am m i n d f u l o f p o l i t i c a l p r e s s u r e s on you B u t t h e r e a r e a l s o s u b s t a n t i v e m e r i t s t o what we're d o i n g I'm e x p l a i n i n g t h e s t r u c t u r e o f t h e process we have i n mind There's another p o i n t you s h o u l d u n d e r s t a n d You s h o u l d l o o k a t my approach t o NATO i n t h e c o n t e x t o f g r e a t e r i n t e g r a t i o n o f Russia i n t o o t h e r i n t e r n a t i o n a l i n s t i t u t i o n s l i k e t h e G-7 You want t o be a f o u n d i n g CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY member o f t h e post-COCOM regime which I want t o d i s c u s s w i t h you l a t e r I want a c l e a r p a r t n e r s h i p f o r you w i t h t h e West t h a t p r o t e c t s t h e r i g h t f u l r o l e o f Russia and r e s p e c t s your s e c u r i t y I don't want t o harm your i n t e r e s t s And I want t h e U S t o make sure a l l t h e doors are open t o you But you have t o walk t h r o u g h t h e doors t h a t we open f o r you That's why I ' v e urged you t o s i g n t h e PFP documents and launch t h e NATO-Russia d i a l o g u e By b u i l d i n g up PFP i t can enhance t h e s e c u r i t y o f t h e s e o t h e r c o u n t r i e s Whatever o t h e r arrangements a r e necessary w e ' l l work o u t i n t h e course o f t h e NATO-Russia d i a l o g u e That's t h e b e s e t way f o r you t o p l a y your p a r t i n how European s e c u r i t y develops BNY A f t e r a long pause I u n d e r s t a n d your l i n e o f r e a s o n i n g But B i l l what i s i n v o l v e d here b e s i d e s a s t r a t e g i c i s s u e i s t h a t t h e r e ' s an o v e r l a y o f p o l i t i c a l problems -- t h i s year t h e p a r l i a m e n t a r y e l e c t i o n s n e x t year t h e p r e s i d e n t i a l ones One f a l s e move now c o u l d r u i n e v e r y t h i n g So p l e a s e postpone t h i s i s s u e i f n o t u n t i l 2000 then a t l e a s t f o r t h e n e x t few years u n t i l you and I get t h r o u g h our e l e c t i o n s -- s o t h a t t h e r e i s o n l y t h e o r e t i c a l d i s c u s s i o n about expansion Then we can e x p l a i n a l l t h i s t o t h e E a s t e r n Europeans and t h e C e n t r a l Europeans w e ' l l t e l l them t h a t t h e t i m e w i l l come f o r expansion l a t e r I've g o t t o t e l l you my p o s i t i o n heading i n t o t h e 1996 e l e c t i o n s i s n o t e x a c t l y b r i l l i a n t I have t o l o o k f o r p o s i t i v e r e p o r t s and head o f f even t h e s m a l l e s t wrong moves Yesterday boosted my s t a n d i n g and you h e l p e d me i n t h a t But l e t ' s postpone NATO expansion f o r a year and a h a l f o r two y e a r s There's no need t o r i l e t h e s i t u a t i o n up b e f o r e t h e e l e c t i o n s WJC You know how I ' v e t r i e d t o h e l p you B o r i s When I was p r e p a r i n g t o come here I never had a second t h o u g h t d e s p i t e c r i t i c i s m and a d v i c e n o t t o come Even y e s t e r d a y when I was g e t t i n g ready t o speak a t t h e War Memorial I was t h i n k i n g what words can I say t h a t w i l l h e l p P r e s i d e n t Y e l t s i n That's why I s a i d U n t i l t h e Cold War was over t h e w o r l d d i d n ' t a p p r e c i a t e what Russia had done BNY Yes t h o s e were g r e a t words WJC But you've r a i s e d p o l i t i c a l f o r c e s so l e t ' s t a l k about t h o s e You d e s c r i b e d what you a r e f a c i n g i n '96 L e t me t e l l you about my s i t u a t i o n I f a c e a d i f f i c u l t campaign but I have a reasonable chance The Republicans a r e CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY p u s h i n g NATO expansion Wisconsin I l l i n i o s and Ohio are key t h e y r e p r e s e n t e d a b i g p a r t o f my m a j o r i t y l a s t t i m e -- s t a t e s where I won by a narrow m a r g i n The Republicans t h i n k t h e y can t a k e away those s t a t e s by p l a y i n g on t h e i d e a o f NATO expansion L e t me be c l e a r B o r i s I'm n o t b a r g a i n i n g w i t h you I'm n o t s a y i n g Do what I want o r I ' l l change my p o s i t i o n I've a l r e a d y met w i t h those groups who w a n t t o see NATO expand r a p i d l y and t o l d them I'm n o t speeding up t h e process We're gong t o s t a y w i t h our p l a n w i t h our d e c i s i o n -- no speed-up no slow-down we're g o i n g t o proceed i n t h e g r a d u a l steady measured pace a c c o r d i n g t o t h e p l a n I j u s t l a i d o u t f o r you You can say you don't want i t speeded up -- I ' v e t o l d you we're n o t going t o do t h a t -- b u t don't ask us t o slow down e i t h e r o r w e ' l l j u s t have t o keep s a y i n g no There's a t h i r d f a c t o r The t r u t h i s t h a t f o r t h e people i n t h e C e n t r a l European c o u n t r i e s who most want t o be i n NATO i t ' s p a r t o f b e i n g accepted by t h e West But they a l s o have s e c u r i t y concerns That's where i t g e t s complicated They t r u s t you B o r i s They know i t would be i n c o n s i s t e n t w i t h your i n t e r e s t s f o r them t o be i n NATO o v e r n i g h t But t h e y are n o t so sure what's g o i n g t o happen i n Russia i f you're n o t around So t h e y ' r e c o n f l i c t e d on t h e one hand t h e y want t o be i n NATO i n a h u r r y b u t on t h e o t h e r t h e y a l s o want you t o succeed w i t h r e f o r m and don't want a n y t h i n g t o happen t h a t w i l l prevent you from doing so So here i s what I want t o do I ' v e made i t c l e a r I ' l l do n o t h i n g t o a c c e l e r a t e NATO I'm t r y i n g t o g i v e you now i n t h i s c o n v e r s a t i o n t h e reassurance you need But we need t o be c a r e f u l t h a t n e i t h e r o f us appears t o c a p i t u l a t e For you t h a t means you're n o t g o i n g t o embrace expansion f o r me i t means no t a l k about s l o w i n g t h e process down o r p u t t i n g i t on h o l d o r a n y t h i n g l i k e that I have a s u g g e s t i o n months ago you were on t h e verge o f s i g n i n g t h e PFP documents Do i t now Sign PFP and launch t h e NATO-Russia d i a l o g u e b e f o r e t h e NAC m i n i s t e r i a l i n May BNY We need something t h a t w i l l h o l d back t h e process o f expansion u n t i l a f t e r t h e e l e c t i o n s WJC I t o l d you what our t i m e t a b l e i s Under o u r p l a n we're g o i n g t o c o n s u l t w i t h a l l PFP members i n c l u d i n g Russia Even i n what you would r e g a r d as t h e worst case 1996 would be consumed w i t h a r e v i e w o f t h e how and why and maybe t h e b e g i n n i n g o f a debate on t h e who and when 10 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY Y e l t s i n ' s p r o t o c o l c h i e f Shevchenko e n t e r s and says t h a t the o t h e r s have g a t h e r e d f o r t h e p l e n a r y BNY This i s important s t a r t w i t h o u t us L e t ' s keep t a l k i n g here Let them WJC Agreed I was e x p l a i n i n g what w i l l happen i n '96 You w i l l have q u e s t i o n s o f your own a l o n g w i t h those s u b m i t t e d by t h e o t h e r PFP members That w i l l t a k e a few more months BNY So we're t a l k i n g about h a l f a year i n '96 WJC A t l e a s t h a l f a year elections BNY Oh t h e y ' r e t h i s year b u t t h a t ' s no b i g d e a l WJC I ' l l work h a r d on t h i s and t a k e some h e a t see you get h u r t But B o r i s u n d e r s t a n d o f f You s h o u l d s i g n t h e PFP and b e g i n t h e d i a l o g u e I won't s u p p o r t any change t h a t Russia's s e c u r i t y o r r e d i v i d e s Europe When are your p a r l i a m e n t a r y I don't want t o I can't back Russia-NATO undermines A f t e r a 15-minute break Y e l t s i n p r e s e n t s POTUS w i t h a sword and s i l v e r medal i n r e c o g n i t i o n o f U S -Russian c o o p e r a t i o n d u r i n g World War I I Y e l t s i n t h e n i n v i t e s Gen Volkoganov t o make a p r e s e n t a t i o n on t h e work o f t h e MIA POW j o i n t commission BNY Okay back t o our work WJC pouring himself a b o t t l e o f mineral water l i k e some water BNY No how about beer WJC I t ' s too early BNY On European s e c u r i t y and NATO -- how do we d e a l w i t h t h i s i n what we say t o t h e press and t h e p u b l i c I would accept your p l a n e s p e c i a l l y what you s a i d about d e l a y i n g t h r o u g h t h e P r e s i d e n t i a l e l e c t i o n s i n 1996 But t h i s i s something we s h o u l d n o t t e l l t h e p r e s s L e t ' s t e l l them t h a t we d i s c u s s e d t h e i s s u e -- n o t c o n c l u s i v e l y b u t we understood each o t h e r Then we can say our n e x t d i s c u s s i o n w i l l be a t H a l i f a x Would you As f o r t h e p o l i t i c a l f a l l o u t we can b o t h absorb t h e punches w e ' l l t a k e WJC Good So j o i n PFP 11 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY BNY We s i g n podpisivayemi both documents changing t h e s u b j e c t B i l l I must t e l l you t h a t we're not pleased t o hear statements about U S plans t h a t are u n f a i r o r h u r t f u l t o Russia I t ' s n o t proper f o r you t o have contacts w i t h t h e o p p o s i t i o n o r those i n t h e State Duma who have a s p i r a t i o n s t o be P r e s i d e n t i a l candidates i n '96 I value your time so much t h a t I wouldn't want you wasting i t on them I t ' s c e r t a i n l y bad t o have contacts w i t h Dudayev's people EO 13526 1 4b 1 4d P a r t n e r s h i p i s n o t j u s t being on a f i r s t - n a m e b a s i s I t ' s a genuine d e t e r m i n a t i o n t o understand each o t h e r and t o work w i t h each o t h e r I t ' s a m a t t e r o f common values ofunderstanding each other's problems -- n o t j u s t o f B i l l and B o r i s During t h e break I've t a l k e d t o Chernomyrdin and t o l d him he should i n v i t e Gore t o check on Tomsk-7 and any other facilityGore should come t o Russia from t h e Far East v i a V l a d i v o s t o k Tomsk and o t h e r places and see these f a c i l i t i e s f o r himself Regarding t h e CIS we have decided t o proceed w i t h deeper and broader i n t e g r a t i o n s t a r t i n g i n Belarus then i n Kazakhstan and e v e n t u a l l y Ukraine and t h e o t h e r s so t h a t i n t e g r a t i o n w i l l have r e a l meaning 'The former r e p u b l i c s of t h e Soviet Union w i l l resemble t h e European Community Perry came out against t h i s idea i n Kazakhstan He s a i d not t o rush w i t h i n t e g r a t i o n He g o t them t o agree w i t h him I t h i n k t h e r e should be one p o l i c y o f t h e U S government -- t h e p o l i c y o f t h e P r e s i d e n t On Chechnya t h e r e i s no need f o r concern We i n t e n d t o e s t a b l i s h order- I t w i l l be a democratic r e p u b l i c w i t h i n t h e Russian F e d e r a t i o n Of course we want t o t a k e a c t i o n t o c o n t a i n pressure from I s l a m i c c o u n t r i e s I 1 4d I i n C e n t r a l Asia and t h e Caucasus When I say measures I mean n o t m i l i t a r y b u t d i p l o m a t i c measures We should do more as we agreed t o c o u n t e r a c t t e r r o r i s m and organized crime I'm very s o r r y about what happened i n Oklahoma We deeply g r i e v e f o r you- We haven't done enough on t h i s We should work t o g e t h e r and r e a l l y squeeze these people t e r r o r i s t s and c r i m i n a l s - 12 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY On H a l i f a x i t w i l l be e a s i e r f o r us t o r e s o l v e a l o t o f o t h e r i s s u e s i n c l u d i n g European s e c u r i t y and do so a l o t f a s t e r i f you can f o l l o w t h r o u g h on i n c l u d i n g us i n t h e G-8 T h i s w i l l h e l p me on t h e eve o f t h e e l e c t i o n s here WJC On t h e G-7 I ' l l t a l k t o K o h l He and I c o n s u l t and cooperate v e r y c l o s e l y On t e r r o r i s m we j u s t opened an FBI o f f i c e i n Moscow b u t t h e r e i s more we can do Let's p u t our s c i e n t i s t s t o g e t h e r and do j o i n t r e s e a r c h work on t h i n g s l i k e t r a c e r s i n e x p l o s i v e s t h a t can't be d e s t r o y e d i n e x p l o s i o n s Another example o f what we can do t o g h e t h e r i s d e v e l o p i n g n o n - e x p l o s i v e chemicals i n f e r t i l i z e r s so t h e y can't be used t o make bombs T e r r o r i s m makes our c o o p e r a t i o n on CBW even more i m p o r t a n t Take t h e Japanese subway i n c i d e n t and t h e agents used t h e r e We need t o have a s t r a t e g y so t h a t we can work t o g e t h e r -- and l e t ' s p u t something on t h i s i n our j o i n t s t a t e m e n t These a r e i s s u e s t h a t count w i t h t h e voters BNY WJC Yes and l e t ' s make a statement about t h i s a t H a l i f a x A b s o l u t e l y On t h e CIS t h e European Union i s a good model o f t h e k i n d i n t e g r a t i o n we f a v o r I ' l l make i t c l e a r t h a t our a d m i n i s t r a t i o n i s unanimous i n s a y i n g t h a t as l o n g as i n t e g r a t i o n i s g e n u i n e l y v o l u n t a r y and open -- t h a t i s t h a t i t promotes n o t j u s t i n t e g r a t i o n among t h e countries involved but e x t e r n a l i n t e g r a t i o n with the rest of the world -- w e ' l l not oppose i t On Chechnya I've been as s u p p o r t i v e as I c o u l d BNY Yes I know thank you WJC My concern i s t h a t t h e l o n g e r i t t a k e s t o g e t t h i s on a g e n u i n e l y p o l i t i c a l t r a c k t h e more i t h u r t s Russia B e e f i n g up t h e OSCE would be a good t h i n g t o do I f t h e v i o l e n c e c o u l d be brought t o an end w e ' l l make more p r o g r e s s on o t h e r i s s u e s The f i r s t t i m e we met i n Vancouver you s a i d you wanted t o be p a r t o f t h e post-COCOM regime We t a l k e d about t h a t l a s t September t o o V i c e P r e s i d e n t Gore and Prime M i n i s t e r Chernomrydin have been f o l l o w i n g up on t h e i s s u e o f arms s a l e s t o I r a n There a r e o n l y two i s s u e s t h e f i r s t i s I need an assurance t h a t t h e agreement t o c u t o f f arms i n c l u d e s a d e f i n i t i o n o f what w i l l be covered and t h a t d e f i n i t i o n covers not j u s t arms b u t a l s o a r m s - r e l a t e d t e c h n o l o g y t h a t ' s on a r e c o g n i z e d l i s t If you can g i v e me t h a t assurance our e x p e r t s s h o u l d be a b l e t o move q u i c k l y t o an agreement13 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY BNY' You've g o t i t I f u l l y agree B u t you have I r a n i a n s t u d e n t s who a r e a t t e n d i n g courses i n your c o u n t r y who a r e s t u d y i n g n u c l e a r power We have none WJC I ' l l l o o k i n t o t h a t and g e t back t o you on i t On COCOM i f we can agree t h a t t h e r e w i l l be a c u t o f f date by t h e end o f 1999 t h e n Russia can be a f u l l member BNY I guarantee i t WJC Good O f f e r s h i s hand and t h e y shake B o r i s I know we're r u n n i n g s h o r t on t i m e b u t I do want t o ask you f o r a l l your h e l p i n f i n d i n g and r e t u r n i n g s a f e l y Fred Cuny o u r American c i t i z e n s who i s a h u m a n i t a r i a n worker i n Chechnya BNY I t ' l l be e a s i e r f o r us t o h e l p on t h i s now t h a t we have t h e t e r r i t o r y under c o n t r o l I ' l l i n s t r u c t o u r s p e c i a l s e r v i c e s t o work on t h i s Maybe w e ' l l have Volkogonov work on i t t o o He's v e r y c o n s c i e n t i o u s WJC We hope Cuny i s s t i l l a l i v e BNY Yes who knows t h e y may have h i m i n a basement o r something WJC On CFE I b e l i e v e we can work t h i s o u t We know you have d i f f i c u l t i e s but we'll t r y to f i n d a solution We'll d i s c u s s NATO enlargement a t H a l i f a x y o u ' l l hear me say a g a i n t h a t t h e process i s g o i n g t o be g r a d u a l d e l i b e r a t e and c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e g o a l o f an u n d i v i d e d Europe and enhancing t h e s e c u r i t y o f a l l p a r t i e s ' i n c l u d i n g Russia BNY But what about n o t l e t t i n g a n y t h i n g happen on enlargement t h r o u g h t h e f i r s t h a l f o f '96 How a r e we g o i n g t o convey t h i s t o t h e j o u r n a l i s t s WJC I ' v e a l r e a d y e x p a l i n e d t h a t t h e r e c a n ' t be a d e l a y no slow-down no speed-up A l l I can do i s keep e x p l a i n i n g what we a r e d o i n g so t h a t p e o p l e w i l l f i g u r e o u t what we're n o t d o i n g BNY Okay n o r m a l n o l NATO i n H a l i f a x WJC Yes I n t h e meantime NATO w i l l p u t emphasis on PFP and Russia's r o l e i n i t and t h e Russia-NATO d i a l o g u e We'll r e f e r t o a slow g r a d u a l d e l i b e r a t e process c o n s i s t e n t w i t h t h e g o a l o f an u n d i v i d e d Europe The NAC M i n i s t e r i a l w i l l f o r m a l l y launch t h e NATO-Russia d i a l o g u e But you understand we can do t h a t o n l y once you've s i g n e d t h e PFP documents Do you understand We w i l l d i s c u s s European s e c u r i t y and 14 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY BNY' Yes W e ' l l do i t P r e s i d e n t C l i n t o n t h e n t r i e s t o g e t Y e l t s i n t o agree t o add a passage i n t h e J o i n t Statement on European S e c u r i t y t h a t would mention NATO expansion Yeltsin f i r s t seemed i n c l i n e d t o go a l o n g b u t h i s n o t e t a k e r D m i t r i y Ryurikov intervened suggesting they look a t t h e language P r e s i d e n t C l i n t o n handed Y e l t s i n t h e Russian t e x t R y u r i k o v swooped i t up l o o k e d unhappy w i t h i t whispered t o Y e l t s i n who proposed a l t e r n a t i v e language about how t h e two P r e s i d e n t s would keep d i s c u s s i n g European S e c u r i t y i n Halifax - WJC B o r i s r a t h e r t h a n t r y i n g t o improve on t h e good work o f our c o l l e a g u e s l e t ' s j u s t go w i t h t h e statement they've prepared as i t i s BNY F i n e P o s t s c r i p t No 1 J u s t b e f o r e t h e press conference P r e s i d e n t C l i n t o n t o o k Y e l t s i n a s i d e and walked him t h r o u g h again t h e n e c e s s i t y t h a t Russia proceed w i t h t h e PFP documents b e f o r e t h e NAC M i n i s t e r i a l i f t h e M i n i s t e r i a l was going t o be a b l e t o t a k e t h e steps P r e s i d e n t C l i n t o n had promised t o seek Y e l t s i n s a i d he u n d e r s t o o d P o s t s c r i p t No 2 D u r i n g d i n n e r i n t h e H a l l o f Facets a t t h e K r e m l i n t h e f o l l o w i n g exchange t o o k p l a c e WJC B o r i s I am your f r i e n d We made g r e a t p r o g r e s s t o d a y was moved by y e s t e r d a y -- your v i c t o r y and your s a c r i f i c e s The door i s open now t o p r o g r e s s and p a r t n e r s h i p on many f r o n t s To n a i l i t down and a v o i d a new debate i n Washington and a t t a c k s by Dole and o t h e r s on NATO -- a t t a c k s t h a t w i l l make i t h a r d e r f o r me t o h o l d t o t h e course we have l a i d out -- l e t me ask you t h i s I n s t r u c t Kozyrev as soon as p o s s i b l e t o t a k e t h e steps necessary t o i n f o r m NATO t h a t Russia i s implementing t h e two NATO documents- To make sure t h a t t h e NATO-Russia d i a l o g u e can be launched a t t h e May m i n i s t e r i a l NATO s h o u l d be i n f o r m e d w e l l b e f o r e t h e May 30 M i n i s t e r i a l meeting Can you g i v e me a date Would May 25 be a l l r i g h t I need t h i s t o do a l l I promised 15 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY I BNY I ' l l s i g n i t t h e next day a f t e r t h e y meet -- o r June 1 s t WJC No you don't understandYou don't have t o s i g n a n y t h i n g y o u r s e l f Kozyrev has t o t a k e t h e necessary s t e p and he has t o do so no l a t e r t h a n t h e day t h e NAC meets Then i f you want t o acknowledge i t and s i g n something y o u r s e l f t h a t ' s f i n e But Kozyrev must t a k e t h e s t e p and proceed w i t h t h e documents a t l e a s t t h e day b e f o r e t h e NAC meeting BNY Okay I ' l l have him do i t t h e day b e f o r e - WJC We're c o m p l e t e l y agreed on t h i s BNY Yes END 16 CLINTON LIBRARY PHOTOCOPY on t h e 3 1 s t                     National Security Archive    Suite 701  Gelman Library  The George Washington University    2130 H Street  NW  Washington  D C  20037    Phone  202 994‐7000  Fax  202 994‐7005  nsarchiv@gwu edu