UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 ' ' •• - --'t @ OJ Limited Official Use RELEASE IN FULL April 17 1972 To S PC - Mr Cargo From Jac Perry Dissent t The Soviet Union and Vietnam Through the Department's established procedure I wish to submit my strongly held views on this critical subject I first sought to affect policy as it was being made On April 8 I submitted to Mr Richard T Davies a draft me orandum from Mr Hillenbrand to the Secretary covering a draft memorandum for the Secretary to send to the President During the week I asked about my drafts and made several efforts to have them moved forward Unfortunately Mr Davies had to leave for Moscow before I could speak with him again but I believe my assumption is correct that he judged my drafts would not express considered Departmental poli·cy I of course accept this as proper but it is for this reason that I turn to the dissent channel It is my conviction that profound American interests are being jeopardized by our present course in Vietnam insofar as it re1at to the USSR I wish to seek to affect our present policy in any way open to me As a loyal Foreign Service Officer I do not believe in leaking or in public dissent but I do hope my views will be given due consideration A word about my credentials for commenting I began studying Soviet· affairs in 1951 have been in Soviet affairs continuously in the Foreign Service since 1959 served in Moscow from 1962 to 1964 and worked on the Soviet side of the Vietnam talks in Paris under both Harriman and Lodge from May 1968 to July 1969 - I am now on the Soviet Desk UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 UNC ASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use THE SOVIET UNION AND VIETNAM I will argue in this paper that the present U S course of action towards Vietnam places the Moscow summit in jeopardy and endangers American interests of far greater importance than the current military situation in Vietnam Keeping the Soviet perspective in mind the following are the key developments leading to the pr sent Vietnam situation 1 Out of the long history of the war three fundamental facts stand out First the Soviet Union has always been committed to the DRV as a socialist ally Second the bombing of the DRV launched when Kosygin was in Hanoi always put the USSR in an acutely embarrassing situation especially in the competition with Peking Third against Chinese wishes the Soviets worked to get the DRV and NLF to negotiate in Paris Our policy of rrVietnamization apparently looked to the Soviets like a turning of our backs on the Paris talks as a serious negotiating channel 2 Most recently the President's trip to Peking exacerbated the USSR's problems in dealing with Hanoi Competing with the PRC for influence the Soviets condemned the PRe for ignoring or even betraying the Vietnamese cause The continuation of Soviet aid to Hanoi was essential in the Sino-Soviet context although there are strong indications that the USSR refused to give all that Hanoi wanted 3 Our new position on the Paris talks taken by Hanoi to be a boycott put Moscow--the advocate of the talks--in a weaker arguing position in Hanoi The approach of the Moscow summit made it harder for the Soviets to show weakness in supporting Hanoi 4 The weight of the evidence strongly argues that Moscow did not encourage the present DRV offensive but was in no position to dissuade Hanoi from launching it Moscow was obligated to provide aid and express some support Backing away from military aid commitments was a policy the Politburo could not have agreed on UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use 2 At present our public signals to Moscow followed by the bombing of Haiphong and Hanoi have put the Soviets in an acutely embarrassing position In my opinion we should not imagine that because of our opening to China we have the Soviets in a position of weakness from which they cannot afford to react to our moves Almost the opposite is more likely true •• Unless they are to look weak--to the world and to each other within the Politburo--they will be forced to react The potential loss for American interests I believe is much more serious than any loss we could suffer now in Vietnam '1 believe the Soviets see their own situation at present as follows Their aid commitment to the DRV cannot be reneged upon The Soviets do not control Hanoi They must demonstrate loyalty must work out their arms delivery policy-from a poor negotiating position and cannot impose political or military advice In the absence of Paris negotiations or any move back towards the table in Paris their influence is lessened and the renewed bombing exposes Moscow to charges of complicity with imperialism in moving towards the summit Larger Soviet purposes dictate continued attachment to the summit especially the desire to keep up with Peking and not promote further U S -PRe rapprochement but the pressures from the Vietnam situation are more immediate and become inexorable Once put on the spot as Hanoi's essential ally the Soviets must live up to the commitment as a matter of priority over most other things Cancellation or postponement of the summit would be a probable step and if the military situation continued bad- if the bombing escalat --then stepped-up military aid measures would have to follow Some U S -Soviet negotiations now in progress might be kept going for specific purposes but the Soviets would be likely to move towards another freeze in U S Soviet relations This I repeat is how I believe the Soviets see their situation now my I do not know if our current policy is aimed at Moscow as well as Hanoi I suspect the Soviets think it is because of the President's public stateme ts over recent days Regardless of whether our policy is aimed at Hanoi alone or at both Hanoi and Hoscow I would ar-gue that the risks are more important than the possible gains We have tried bombing before and it failed to accomplish our military aims although the political damage to the United States around the world was incalculable Even if our bombing attains short-term military ends I JNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date ·07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 Limited Official Use 3 strongly believe that a long-range U S policy in Indochina cannot be based upon it My own conviction is that the potential benefits of concrete improvements in U S -Soviet relations of East-West relations in Europe and elsewhere enormously outweigh the short-term military advantages we hope to gain by our present course in Vietnam The fact is that we cannot compel the USSR to alter its own policy towards Vietnam or Hanoi's policy on the ground and I believe those who know Vietnam better than I do would also say that our military pressure cannot compel Hanoi to alter its tactics except over a very limited time span And meanwhile the harm to American interests elsewhere beginning with our Soviet relationship can be lasting and deep Therefore I would plead for a cessation of U s statements tending to put responsibility on the Soviet Union for events in Vietnam and would urge an avoidance of the type of bombings of the DRV which might force the Soviets to take compensatory political or military steps UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980027 Date 07 31 2017 U t'FIED U S D p rtment of State Case No F-20 J Doc No C17 9 Date o T ' J1N 'lJt # 'OJ - r • - ' t '¢ Y '1 J7' tTES o Department of State § f tf if' ELEASE IN PART B61 l Y TELEGRAM c scr q LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE t A BANGKO 05767 549 272352Z BEST COPY AVAILABLE 62 ACT-ION SS 14 INFO OCT-01 015 W 002685' R 260901Z APR 72 FM A fMRASSY BANGKOK TO SlrSTATE WASHoe 292 L JTfO OFFICIAL' USE C Q C TED B NGKOK COP Y 5767 IRAISE CLASSIFIC TION TO LiMIT n OFFICIAL USE PER R PETERSON sipc JSOM RA'NGI OK l i SSF NT S GJ CHANNEL sTA rEMENT OF OPposrTIO TO THE BOMB1 G OF HAIPHONG I THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED Byl 86 2 w 'THE ABOVE-MENTIONED UNITED STATES FOREIGN SERVltE' RESERVE O' F LCERS CURRENTLY SERVING WITH THE' AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSOM IN THAlLAND HEREI FORMALLY REGIstER oG QPPQSr1rON TO THE RECENT' MILITARY ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED STATES 11nAlt -iST lHE DEMOCRATI'C R EPURLIC OF'VIETNAM 3 W AV CHOSEN TH1S'MENTHOD TO OMMUNICATE OUR DrSAPPROV L· AS iT REP £SENTS THF SOLE O FICIALLY SANCTION D FORUM FOR ' OREIGN S V CE EM lOYEES TO EXPRESS THEIR OI$SENT AND BECAUSE WE CON rDER ANY UNRESTRATN DI PU IC C tTICISM ON OUR PART EiTHER 'INAU Y Oi THROUGH THE NEW S MED I A I AS SE RV I NG NO USEFUL PURPOSE 'QEV Ri ONCEIVABLE ARGUMENT' FOR OR AGAINST THE W R HAviNG L n F j I' C f3 i E N MAD F • c ' - c 1 E f GPo ROT HE A 1 RAT T ACK SAG A 1 NS T F UE LAN DOT HER cr- LIMITED OFFICl L ·USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 S TOR AGI ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 1 ' ' 1 ' · 1 Department of State TELEGRAM LiMITED OFFICIAL USE B AN G K 0 til 5 767 272 3 5 2 Z P AGE 0 2 FACILITIES AT HAIPHONG AND THE MASSING 'OF CONSIDERABLE AIR AND SEA FORCES IN rHE AREA PRESUMABLY TO FORESTALL FURTHER NORTH·viETNAM SE THRUSTS IN TI -lE SOUTH 1 AS A BRE ACH OJ ' 'THE SP I RiT· iF' NOT THE LE TTE·R OF C ''' 1 Sf-ATED P JLICY TO biSENGA'GE FROM THE INDO-CHINA 'CONF'LICTj AND AS SUCH'CONSTITUTES AN ILL-TIMEDI ENTIREL IDEFENSIBLE ESC ATioN O nsTILITIES WH 'HER INITIATED AS A PRECAUTIONARY MEASU E fo S r t GU ARD R£ MAI NI NG Uf I I TED S T ATE S Tf' 00 PSI N SOU TH V lET NAM 0 R TO BUY JOOITyONAL TIME aR VI TNAMIZATIONI THE RETALIATO Y RiI6S ON f i-Zli 15 16 JERE UNWARRANTED WHAT TS MORE THEY ARE LIKELY' TO l· - us SUBSTANTiAL SUPPORT WITH ' I THE INTERNATIONAL COMMUNyTY AS W L AS AT HOME ND RUN THE VERY REAL RISK OF PROVOKING CO NTRIES W · ' ' 1' f lOW HA' E LIMITED 'THE 1SF LVES TD M TERIAL SUPPORT OF THE WE DO NOT CONSID R THE RISK OF ANY OF THESE ALTERNATIVE OUTcOMES waRT THE TEMPOR RY REL E THE UNITED STATES IS LIKELY TO ACHiEVE FOR OUTH V r TNAM BY ITS ACTIONS FURTHERMORE WE DEPLoRE THE FAr IRE TO C8NSIDER OTH R OPTIONS WHICH THIS ACTION REPRESENTSo f FFL OTHER NATIONS OF THE WORLD WILL MERELY FIND RENEWED JUS1JFI ATION OP THEIR VIEW THAT TH u s INTEREST IN WORLD AFFAIRS IS tYPRESSED PRIMARILY IN MILITARy TERMS AND THAT WE ARE ONLY· INr ESTcn IN MILITARY DOMINANct wHilE DiSAPPROVING OF UNITED ST TFS RESUMPTION OF anMBING WE IN NO WAY CONDONE THE RECE T HOVeS OF TI -lE NORTH VIET AMESE TO ESTABLISH ITS DOMINANCE OVER THE-SOUTH THROUGH FORCE O AQMS RAfHER E FEEL AND WHOLE HEA TEOLY DNDORSE THE COURSE OF ACTION THE ADMINISTRATION 'EMBARKED UPO I IN THE 196R WITHDRAWAL WE APPEAL TO THE PRESIDENT TO DHERE TO T lS· POLICY AT ALL tOSTS MTLIT l RY TRTUMPH AT TYIS JUNCTURE- IS WELL EYOND THE GRA$P OF THE STATES BUT IS IS NOT TOO LATE TO SALvAGE PART OF THE NATIONAL F' I ' q' r G' ' I E H AV f SAC Rr F ref D r N v lET NAM 0 VE' R THE LAS T 'D ECAD E ' ULT1MATFLY' THE u s HAS OFTEN DECLARED SINCE 1968 soutH vIETNAM UST ASSUM Q SPONSIBrL TY FOR PRESERVING ITS NATIONAL SO EREIGNTYo UNlr D OUR U 3S GOVERNM NT IS NOW PREPARED TO PUT ITS CONFIDENCE tN V r f TN P'l l AT rON TOT HE' T 17 S T E VEN R I SKI NG 1 T S F A I L UREI u S • ' ''' ' 1S iT nLl R MAIN'DIRF CT ' ' Nf OUR COMMITMENT OPEN-ENDEDI '1 ¥i l ' OF WHlCH ARE ATTRACTIVE PROSPECTS t t · i M HOPr I i ' TH T AT Nt ' THE NIXON nOCTRINE REPRESENTS A SINCERE Pfl rcY OPTIONS FOR THE 1970'S AND TO LEAV E 'LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 i Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 03 BANGKO 05767 272352Z EHiND THE NARROW MI jTARY DOMINATED OPTioNS WHICH WERE CONSIDERED THE ONLY VALID ONES DURING TH i96 'S iF NEW OPTIONS ARE TO BE CONSIDERE6 WE CONSIPER IT ESSENTIAL THAT WE NOT iL OW ·OURSELVES TO BE TEMPTED TO USE THE OLD AND EASILY AVAILABLE t C r c f 1 TS I AS WED rD JNTH E B0MBIN GJ UN TI L WE HAVE 'E XHAU ST D • ' nYHf R MEANS U l j i LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980029 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 - j b Department of State • TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PA GE ell B ANGK 0 1 36220 947 352222Z RELEASE IN PART Bsl 66 1 ' ACTION SS-14 INFO OCT-01 10 5 w 065651 R' 040 7Z MAY 7 ' F'M Af 1EM8ASSY BANGKOK' TO SECSTATE WASHDC' 159 LiMITED OFFICIAL USE B NGKOK USqM C TED 6220 - 'O' J UPGRAD I NG FM UNCLAS TO LJ MI TED' OFF r CAL USE BANGKOK otSSF 'NT CHANNEL SUBJI I STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBiNG 'OF' THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM' I PEN DIN G EST ABLIS HMEN T 0 F' A I 0' PRO CED URES FOR CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED 'Bvl 2 I D T SSE' N I'_ T HIS QUOTE I I A UN IT ED STATES 'FORE I GN SERV iCE RSSERVE 'OFF 1 i ER I CURRE' nLY SERVING wiTH THE 'U S AGENCV FOR INTERNATlONAL DEVELOP MENT USOM IN THAILAND FORMALLY REGIST ER 'MY OPPOSI'FiON rO -THE _ RECENT MIL I T ARY ACT I ON ' TAKEN BV' THE UN I TED STATES AG A I NST' THE DEMOr RATIC REPUBLIC OF ViETNAM 1 DRV 0 Q 30 I TAKE 'TH I S Po's IT ION AS I STRONGLY FEEL 'THA T 'THE 8'OMB I NG 'OF r HE DRV IS ADVERSE TO THE BEST INTERESTS QF THE U So AND 'CONSTITUT ES AN ANGRY AND I NTEMPER ATE REA CT ION OF 'THE UN TED ST ATSS RAtHF 'R THAN 'AN OBJECT VE AND PRODUCT i VE 'ACT OF A GREAT N TI ON 'PROTECT i NG iTS PERCEIVED NTERESTS IN SOYTHEAST ASIA- r 40 VIEWED FROM ITS VARioUS ASPECTS OUR MILIT RY ACTIONS IN THE NORT CAN ONLY SERVE TO A D THE bRVtS ATTEMPT Tb rAKE OVER THE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE '7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 BANGKO 06220 052222l AVAIL'ABLE EV1DENCE pERSUASIVEL y iNDrCATES 'THAT BOMBiNG HAIP ONG AND OTHER A E S THE NORfHI THOUG B iNG Nd A ci$ jp AND MISERY TO THE 'PEOPLE DOES NOT HAVE ANY APPREC I ABL E ADVERSE EFFECT ON 'THE ABILiTY OF 'THE D-RV'TO CONTINUE ii's Mi iTARY OP E RATioNS OU TS r DE ITS BORDER S RA n ER IT SERVES' TO 13R iN G THE- P SOPL E 'OF THE NORTH TOGETHER GAINST A COMMONI 'TANGIBLE AND IMMEDIATE ENEMY THE UN i TED' STp TES THE ' BOMB 1 NG 'TENDS TO MOT I VA TE' 't E PEoPi E ' OF THE' NORTH TO' STRONGER EFFORT S TO OVERCOME' THE PHy stCAL' DAMAGE 'OF THAT' B 0 MBIN G AND TOG I VET HEM ADD r T ION AL E ASON S TO B ACi ' j HE j R' L EAD E R S IN THEIR ATTEMP f'TO MILITARILY'CONQUER THE SOUTHAQ iN Bo THE BOM8INGOP THE NORTH INDIRECTLY ENCOURAGES -THE INTRANSIGENCE OF THE OTHER SIDE AT'THE PARIS TALKS-BY DIRECTLY' ENCOURAGING SINt ERE AND WIDESPREAD PROTEsrs IN THE UNITED '$TATES THAT ARE INTERPRETED BY THE OTHER SIDE AS POPULAR SUPPORT -FOR THEiR POSITION THE LACK OF AN OBJECTIVE qATINALE -FOR THE RECENT OMBING ADDS TO THE CYNI ISM iN THE UNITED TATES CONtERNI G OUR DE lRE FOR A PEACEFUL SOLUTyON TO THE OILEMMA IN INDOCHINA TAKEN TOGtTHER THIS ADDS UP'TO DECREASED DOMESTIC 'SUPPORT FOR OUR-PARIS POSI ION HINDERING OUR srDE AT THE NEGOTIATING TABLE Co OUR BOMBING OF 'THE DRV IS A 'CHALLENGE' TO THE- P EOPLE 'S REPUP' L r C OF CH I NA AND THE USSR TO ST AND BY THE I R ALLYi THE DRV 0 TO DO OTHERWISE WOULD ERObE THEIR IMAGf I TH' THEIR $ATE LITES ANI TttE COUNTR I ES OF THE TH r Rf WORLD 'TH I S 'CHALLENGE -TO 'THE' wEADERs OF THE COMMUNIST WORLD j s BEST 'MET eY CON1'INUEDI IF' NOT 'NCREASEO SUPP'LU S TO THE DRV THESE' SH f PMEN i S OF SUPPL I ES HAVE iN 'THE 'P AST NEGATED MUCH OF ' THE EFFECT OUR A I R OPERA T IONS AGA I NST' THE 'NORTH AND- 'THE HOC H J MIN Hit T RA I L - iNA L Ll L I KE L 'I H0 0 0 I T WiLL' 0 0 S 0 AGAIN AGAr N' NO'THING IS GAINED BUT THE 'PROBABil ITY OR A NET LOSS ' is LARGE O OUR ALLy THE REPU Li 'OF VIETNAM IS HA RDPRESSED TO 'REPULSE THE CURRENT' COMMUN I ST ASSAUL T ON' THE i R COUNTRY IT SEEMS TO ME THAT THE RESOURCES 8E lNG' EXPENDED I N 'THE' NORTH COULD BE PUT To BETTE USE iN THE' SOUTH To DEF'E-AT THIS A55P u'l T W AT TROURLES ME MOST' ABOUT THE BOMBING OF THE 'NORTH IS ' H T IT IS' Nor'THE ACTIONS ONE WOULD ATTRIBUTE TO A GR'EAT NATION wITH SO LITTLE IF ANY EVIDENcE 'THAT 'SUCH MI LITAF Y ACTI'ONS 'l AN' HAVE A POSITIVE POLITICAL ANDinR MILITARy OUTCOME ONE MUST WONDER 50 IF U MITED OFFI IAL UsE - ' t -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 UNC ASSIFIED · · ' · ···1 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 ' ' ' il Department of State LIMIT D PAGE 03 BANGKO 06220 TELEGRAM OFFICIAL USE 05222 Z OUR dUNTRY' HAS REACHED THE POINT T AT A MILiTARY RETALIAiORY REACTION IS THE ONLY Y WE CAN RESPO O TO A ·tHALLENGE TO OUR I NT ERE STSoC ERTAi NLy A GREA T NAT l' 0 N I FiT IS' Tcj REM'A I N GRe AT MUST HAVE THE SELF -CONF10ENCE AND SECUR I 'fy' To AcT OBUECT I VElY AND WiTH RESTRAINT OUR POWER is' TOO 'GREAT FOR 'US 'fo At PEEVISHLY WITHOUT GIVING OUR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FRIENDS CAUSE 'FOR ALARM IF WE WANT PEOPLE TO-TRU i 'US AS'THis IS' T E O L BASis FOR TRUE FRIENDS I ·THEN WE MUST EARN 'THAT fRY$T BEHAVING' S A M TURE NA i I ON CAPABLE' OFn AC J NG ADVERSE 'EVENTS WITH iNA 'CON1 l I DENT ND RATIONAL MANNF R AS I CAN SEE NO RATIONAL' REASON F'08 BOMBI NI 3 'fHE DRYI I URGE A CHANGE IN U S POL·ICY TO ONE 'PROHIBITING A 'U· S MILITARY INCURSION INTO THE DRV NOW AND IN THE FUTURE lEND ·QUOTE UNGER NOT E I CLAS S '1 F rCA TI 0 N UP GR A DEDT 0 L'I MITE D 0 F FIe I AL· S E' PER RICHARD R PETERSON S Pt 515 72 LIMIT ED OFfICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980035 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 ' i 1J TELEGRAM 1 ·i Department of State UNCLASSIFIED 1 0 -- - - '1 ' r - ' ' 20 AC' ION INFO 899 • I I i 'L - ' SS-I4OCT·01 ' •• - - ' - 015 W ---· -- -· ____ - _ •• w_ i I j 1 - '1' • I ' r 1 J ' ' 4 • ' • 4 J '037127 R 05 2 0Z JUN 72 FM AMEMBASSY GUATEMALA TO SECSTATE WAS DC 7 UNCLAS GUATF MALA RELEASE IN PART 861 25 4 DISSENT CHANNEL ' THIS TELEGRAM TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIVW UBMJTTED -- I------------------------------------ 86 2' 3 FAM 629'I-JA STATES THAT IT IS T E POLICY OF STATE THAT THE SPOUSE OF A FOREiG SERVICE EMPLOYEE BE'O INTEND TO BE A U s CITfZEN I- Y CAr ADIAN RORN HIFELI_ _ _- _ __ I BECAMF A U S CITIZEN THROUGH NATURALIZATION IN JANU ARY 1970 86 FAH ·629 1-1B STATES THAT AN EMPLOYEE SSrGNED ABROAD WHO MARRIES AN ALIEN WJLL 8E TRANSF RRED AS QUICKLY AS FEASIBLE TO THE U S FOR A TOUR OF DUTY IN ORDER TO PROVIDE THE SPOUSE AN OPPORTUf IITY TO BECOME BETTER ACQUAINTED 'WITH L r FE I NTH E U' S AND TO' ACQ' IT RE C IT I ZEN S HIP ASS fAT EDAB 0 VE I MY WIFE HAS AEEN A U s CITtZEN FOR THE PAST TWO ND ONE-HALF yEARS SHE'· HAS SPENT ONE' HOME-LEAVE PE RIOD ANn ONE Rl R PERIOD IN THE U S PLUS SEVERAL PRIVATE vtsrrs TO THE U S fB E F O R E ' A N D A E T E R O U R M A R R I A r LF ' S HLE I______________________ 3·3 - - - I_ I _ 4' IN VIEW o THE FACT THAT y WiFE HAS BEEN A U s CITIZEN FOR TWO AND ONE-HALF Y ARS aND IS ACQUAINTED WITH IFE IN THE U Swl IT IS MY BELIEF THAJ WE HAVE MET THE REQUIREMENTS OF FAM 629 ANa A WASHINGTON ASSIGNMENT RASED UPON THIS POLICY IS NOT VALID UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 ' j J TELEGRAM UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 GUATEM 02534 060647Z 5 IT SHOULD BE NOTED THA THE DEPARTM NT pbLICY 'CONCERNING I'S INC 0 N SIS TEN T - AND THE REF 0 RE 6 r S CRT MIN ATr NGIN Vr EW OF THE 'OEPARTMENTtS RFrFNT'ASSfGNME T TO MONROVIA dFI I L- __ __ WHO HAS A FOREIGN-BORN WIFE W O HAS NOT YET BEEN N TURALIZEb AFTER MANY YEARS bF MARRIAGE 3' F A M 629 6 REQUEST THIS TELEGRAM ALSa BE DISTRIBUTEb TO UN ER SECRETARY OF STATE FOR COMMUNJCATJONS uNOER SECRETARY of STATE FOR ADMINISTRATION AND CHIEF OF PERSONNELBOWOlER U CLASS I F J ED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980037 Date 07 31 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980047 Date 07 31 2017 o j' - -4 ' l q • JJ ¢p artment of' State • PA§ i 01 TEGUe I Q 23 j 3 TELEGRAM 'Pl82093Z '1 16 AC rON S··14 i N O ocr -0 1 ' 0·1-5' 'W ••• • • • R 0 72205Z JULj 72 ' FMf AMEM8ASSY TEGUctGA r or SECSIA r E' WASHD ' '2 T83' '026697 IRELEASE IN PART BS UNCL 1 ·5 TEGUe GALPA '023'1' 3' II' EN r CHANNEI I CI R · R· ' C' TEO I i CIIOI'P 'X F'OR' GA B e O POR rI'ONS' 'PARA 2 AND'i3 r 'TH r S CAB EI'TR iN5M I T S A D I SSENiT lNGi'V I EW SU§M TTEO BY r - 86 - 2'· lOUR 'POL' eY'iOF' NON- I N T ERVENT I ON IN' ·BURUNO I OUR I'NG' MASS'I VE MUROE'R J-NG 10F HU T'U TR I-BESMEN ·COULD· 'SE 'A 'REPE AT IOF 'REVENT EVENT S iN BANGLADESH' WEi SEEM' 1 01 BE WAITING· UNT'iLI REPORTED · SELECTIVE GENOciDE fHAS 'RESUltEO IN THE' ELIIM'INATIONiIOF' ANY O ISS'l · OENiT HUi-UI L EEAOERS'• SUCH 'OlSP U y ' OF' Tours i 'POWER MAY' I NOEED RESULT' iN SUBSEQUENj TRi'NGlU L'lTY' IN BURUNDI BUT iT wouwb· SE M p ooL·i SH TO 0 I SPEll T E Fljl'J l R ' 'DEVEi OPMENT· OF' liHE HUTU - _ ·MAJOR i TY 3 IF iT WE ' C NNOi I·S ' TRUE TH'A i' 'WE DOi NOT' 'H'A VE lEVERAGEI IN BURUND' NO ' ALiTER ·r HE SI TUAJ r ON' 'THEN i SHOOGO 'HOPE 'OUR 'PoL 'I'CY WOUL D' F'OL LOW T HA T 'OF vj R'I'OUS' It rERN T J ONAi UM tH T AR rAN· AGE NC S WHit CH SUSP ENDED AssisTANCE S'I'NCE WEi 'HA v EriNO A I D 'PROGRAM PO ENTjALI EL'IM'INATr ON 'OF' F'urUREi AlD 'RATHER ·tHAN SUSPENSION 'MAY RovibE' THE EVE AGE bisASTER 'REL F is· OF' 6UBfOUS V WUE Tor·''f HE 'HU r US AND wi L t 1 PROBABLY BE ·MORE· 6E NEF- C'l Ai ' TO ''r HE CON TROLL NG' 'rUlS' GOVERNMENT 1 'THE AMER I CAN' PE OP LE 'WERE TO VOTE' ON THE I SSUE OF SUPPORT i NG THE 8URUND j GOVERNMENT 'OUR' NG 't I S CR S S T HEY'· MA Y 'WELl PREF'ER eREA CH OFt'O I Pl OM Ai' I C REL AT IONS · O AU 3MEN T A I-O N OF' 0'1 SA STER - REL'I EF- ' Rif 1 IE t r M 05 1652 UNCLASSIFIED U S 'o t 'ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980047 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSlf- ¥ y Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 ·i F 'ri ji' lli@ °ill M ' ' 1 ' EVR FE cu 'NR A-83 NE NO Department of State - o- -- ---i TO E P '0 L FBO LIMITED QFJilCTAI USE FOR RM USE ONL Y RECEIVED - - t - - - '' r JUl ' S 'J i lj r I AGR' COM FRS FROM 'NT LAB TAR SUBJECT TR XMB A'R REF ARMY CIA N VY - 'o' so - u5 - - N 5 - jr if ' Oj L' Ggy DEPARTHENT OF STATE AID Amconsul HALIF AX 11 L I 'ARA jJ J I I 26 4 43 PH '7Z S I A ' ANALYSIS BRANCH J Il - IRELEASE IN FULL DATE J y 21 1972 Dissent Message U S Assistance to Es sentially Totalitarian Reg 8 Value of Old UNRRA and C ina Relief Nission Approach State A-3559 April 8 r DISSENT CHANNEL This airgram trru1smits a dissenting view submitted by FSO-2 Alexander L Peaslee Principal Officer As a retiring FSO with 29 years of Government service I would like to suggest that the United states Government would in the long run ensure its security more effectively by reducing its assistance and close ties to essentially totl1-litarian governments I' y comments are primarily directed at totalitarian governments of the right such as Greece Brazil Argentina Pakistan and Paraguay inasmuch as we already provide little assistance to most of the totalitarian governments of the left tI vithout going into any detail it has b en my impression that muc of the aid has not been effectively used and has often gone to those individuals who already are well off Even more unfortunately our aid has been interpreted as approval of undemocratic regimes We find Admiral Hoorer in his New Year l s message of several years ago praiSing our fine ties with Brazil at the very time that the New York Times 'and other sources are documenting torture and methods used in preventing free expression of opinion ' - J l - I I i 1 i I recall that in the final days of the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration UNRRA assistance program and in the 'Work of its U S supported successor the China Relief Ivlission CRN those programs were quite successful in maintaining efficiency in their operations by Simply cutting off aid to regions whenever corruption was noted L FORM 4 02 Drafted by t 6T USE ONLY 21111 DOUt '''FOR LIHITED OFFICIAL USE 05-323 olltenu IlI Q U asUIClltlOD ALPeaslee mt ALPeaslee Approvea bY ClearaDces ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 LU ITED OFl· ICI AL ' USE A-B 2 No public statement was made but local officials knew why the aid had stopped This produced good results considering the chaos of the time on mainland China in the midst of a civil war III believe that a similar approach might be usefully considered in our aid to those countries that are unrepresentative in their governments In the long run we lose the goodwill of those who are oppressed by those governments and we gain none from the totalitarian regimes which usually take the attitude What have you done for me lately ve also lose the money liThe people whose support we lose are usually the ones most influential in the longer run future of their country They often turn to more extreme means of getting their way and the right wing regime leads to the later far left goverru lent l nd we are seen as opportunists ·mo do not really believe in representative government 1I0ne of the arguments used against such a policy is that the specific regime is vi tal to our national security However if this is true then ' fhy encourage a s ring from one extreme to the other And secondly i hat to tali tarian regime can we pOint to since Horld iiar II that really has been essential to our security ' I Declassify on August1 1972 LlhITED OFFICIJIL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980053 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 9-ate Q 7 31 2017 ' I Department of State I L-t- I I I TELEGRAM So If LIMIT D PAGE 01 M9A8AN OFFICIAL USE 27 221 48Z l 15 ACIroN SS lLt IN O OCT 01 0 1015 W 041 58 R '220950Z 'SEp 72' fM AMEMBAssr MBABANE TO S£CSTATE WASHoe 3 16 INFO AMEMBAssi GA ORONE AMEMBASSV MAsERU AMEMBASSy PRETORI LIMITED O F1cIAL SE MBABANE 161 DISSENT CnANNEL F'O REF'l AI 9 THIS SP CERI j IRELEASE IN FULL OI G A 9235 CABLE 1t31 A 35'59 TRANSM l TS DISSENTING VIEW_ UBr rTTED BY PEJER OMC CHARG · aD I TRONGLV PRO EST ALL PARTr S REF Al AGRE ING Io 01SENFRANCHISE ME AND OTHERS IN SIMILAR CiRCUMSTANCES IN RE RESENTATION EL CT ON ND R EX CU'lyE ORDER 11636 AFR CA AND' OTHER AREAS STA FFED THROUGHOUT WITH FSO ' 3 DC SM AND PRINCIPAL OFFICER M NY OF WHOM AVE aEE 'CONSISTENTLY ACT1VE I N 'A T1 EMPTS' A CH·r EVE 1 MPRO VEMENT SUCH AS B v SERV I CE ON 'TASK ORC ES AND IN Dft r L Y PERFORM ANCE PRESENT AND pRE V l·aUS pos I TIONS ' AGREEMENT 6F DEPARTMENT T6 DEF1 IT ON T ESE OFFIctRS AS MANAGEMENT OFF' I CI ALS AND CONSEQUENT E XCLUS'I ON' FROM ··I 3A LLOT PR1VILEGE SE MS IMPLY AA EEMENT WITH HESrS THAT A-PROGRAM OIRECTOR IN IELD IS' IPSO FACTO A roOL IF''MANAGEMENT AND THEREFORE INc APA 9LE OF VOTING'AN INDEPENDENT J QGMENT T IS IS DEMEANING IT IS ALSO 6rSCRIMINATI G 1NCf bFFICERS o SIMILAR OR HIGHER RANKS IN LARGER POsTS OR DEPARTMENt WHO MAY BE· IN SEciTION 'CHIEF 'POSITIONS APPARENT LY WILL VOTE H IS MY FOREIGN·SE·R lCE TOOo FINAL Y T BELIEVE THAT IELD EMP' LOYEE MANAGEMENT RELATIONS HAS BENEFITED AND WILL CONTrNUE TO 00 so BY JUDGM NTS OF FOREIGN SERVICE OFFrLERS WHO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 I U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 Department of State LIMli D AGE 02 MBA8AN 1619 TELEGRAM nFFICIAL USE 221048Z -lAVE' E ARNED SSIGNMENT' TO RESPONSIBLE POSITIONS IN FIELD- I URGE DEFAR 'MENT To CONTINUE cONSiDER FRA C lSE'ELIG1BI Ty QUE 3i'ION IN LIGHT 'vERY ExisTENCE THIS·-TELEGRAMG IF'I -' WERE TOOL' OF STATE DEPARTMENT' MANAGEMENT OB V I OUSU' I WO '- D NOT 8 END 11' _ SPICE R' LIMITED OFfICl L C E UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980057 Date 07 31 2017 FlED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 ' $a D TElEGRAM Department of State sEERE PAGE' 01 068 'NEW O 1 255 'j 5 152 -- 47' -' 7 ' AC 'iO 'J 5S· 25 iN O OCT'''' I 'Q l i0SI'Z CCO-00 SSOD00 OEC·'7j' ' 026 W FM AMEMBASSY NEW DELHI TO 'SECST U 'WASHOe IMMEDIATE ' 75i ' NO' DI RIBY nON OUTSlDE THI A TMENtililii il ilil iilli ExD'i S suBj cr'f SOME AD J stHENT OF 'R'E ' - STft TE 20'1473 AND POLleX' n' FAM SEcT I ON' '2 3' t HAVE 'OE CLl ED T8E FOL qWIN 1 ' A RE q T ORAfT D I I WHICH' iN jHE §OYTH ASIAN cRislS aYJ I I PPRO BECAUS OF q EF' l ooES N-oTP tCORD IN SOME RESPECTS WITH QF'tICIAL' U' S POLICY ·ALREADY' ES TA6LISHEO DESPITE PRIOR PRESENTATION BY' ME 'OF SOME 'OF HEREIN I ENUf1t RATED PO HrTS AND ECAUSE OF' OTHER RESERVAT I I NClU5 I NG ' II To T 1 L r NE S 0 NONET -lELESSI 1 BEL lEVEl _ vl EWS A E 'OF 'SUFFI C lENT SIGN F CANCE TO 'REQUI REi AS REQUESTED e Y HI M TO ers SUBMIssioN ' TO 'THF 'OEPARTMENT 'UNDER 'PROV I-si ONS 'SET 'FORTH iN CDMMUNlcATIONSg ' HE REFERENCE 'QUOTE I CURRENT STUDlt D AMBIGUlTY 'CONCERNING POSSIBL E JUS TO PAK I ST AN' TREA TENS' REMA IN r NG AMER ieAN' POSiTION AND PROSPECfs iN INDi AND B NGL DESHI A D IS VI WEb b SKANCE BY FJ ENDL' 'THIRD COUNTRY REPRESENTATivES HERE' INCLUD NG E§PE'C I ALL Y 6R r T SH' 'COMMONWEAL 1H UN'F'ORTUf TEi Y 'TH I S AMB iGU ITY' I'S wi THour' PERCEPT BLE 'CONS TRUeTt VE I NF LUt NCE UPON PR I OR ITY' iUS 'INTEREST TN EARLY' END OF INDO PAKISTANI 'CONFLICT A' JD THRE fENS MIL tr ARY' ASS r sr ANCE TO'REDUCE US ROLE TO CONTENTIOus' IRRElEVANCY AS REGARDS EMERGING REALiTIES'IN So9TH ASIAo AT'THis JUNCTUREI ENO'ING THe ' WAR ENTAILS' iA I 'CAPITULATION OF' 2- PAK isTAN ' ORCE S IN EAST' b BI GO RECONCit 'lA TiON TO 'SEe ET loss 'or EAST ' NOT TO B'E REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AA1 fORIZAT ON OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 Departl1ze1'lt of'State TElE G AM 'SEe Er - 'PAGE' NEW 'DEI 1 255 i'5 i 02 529 IC ' GO'I'INHIBITION AGArNST 'EXPLOITING MILITARy ADV ANTAGE AGA I NST WEST' PAK 1SI AN - -_PAKisTAN AND 3' iN 'E ASTI THERE I S NO' FE AS I BL E PROSPECT OF' REVERS j NG' OVTCOME I AC rHOUGf j Dl JRATlON AND 'CoSTS COULD VAR 'WrTH PAKI STANI WILL TO RES sT TI-I I S REGARD I GOP HOPES 'OF NTERNA T 10NAL' i NTERVENT ON' TEND TO ' BUTTRESS PAKISTANI DETE RMINArION AND 'THus 'TO EXTEND 'HOSTiLiTrES IOENERAl MANEKSHAW MAiNTAINS Us POSTURE WORKS AGAINST SURRENDER SOONEST IN EAST' ' NEW DELHI 'DAO 22'is' - i iN' WEST us MAY BE ABLE A J To BEST SERVE GOP 'NEEDS AND' INTERESTS BY SHARING CANDID ASSESSMENT OF DESPERATE MI L'y TARY OUTLOOK AND B Y PR I V rELY ACKNOWLEDG I NG us I NAB I LiTY' TOt'SUPPORT PAKISTAN N HOPELESs WAR OF'REVISION OR REVENGE AND 'TO STRENGTHE OI MODERATES s E RLY 0 J AC NbWLEDGEME T OF BANGLA 'DESH REALITIESp AND BY' FiRM US POSI'TION AGAINST ' 'ERRI TORrAL' ACQUISnioNsQ THis REGARD ANY MARGINAL IMPACT ON it DIAN 4'J us' us' is HA KS OF CONTrNUItW POSTURE OF i ALCULATEO UNCERTAINTY· OF us ·RE ·· SPO sE' is OUTWEIGHED BY I A 'COSTS To 'US INTERES1S' IN INDIA' AND S t NGLA DESH 8 'RisK OF' PROLONGING AND' EXTENDiNG WAR 'THROUGH' rSED I NG GOP EXPECI AT I ON OF' 'US' i NTERVENT I ONI AND' I K ·poss 1 BlE PROVOCAT ION AND' COVER FOR SOV I E T MI l rr ARy ·OEP lOYMENTs iN REG I oN 5'0 INDIANS 'FROM PRIME MINISTER DoHN AND INCLUDI NG MtLITARY'· AND fVrLiAN ELEMENTS PREVIOUSLY 'FiRM FRIENDS O USA INCREASIN lY' 'THAT EXPRESS 'DESPAIR RESENTMENT AND ANGER USG 'COULD SUGGEST INDIA AGGRESSOR ANO WOULD I HOLD 'OPEN POSSIBILITY' OF' PROVIOING PAKIST N D'IRECT rNDIRECT AND ·OVERT COVERT 'M Ll'JARV AS 'WELL' AS DIPLOMATic SUPpORT AT THIS 'JUNCTUREo ENEMIES OF· AMERTCA' ARE OF COURSE EBULLIENT IN ANTICIPATION OF WHAT ALL' INDIA RADIO cHARAcn RlzED· DECt MBER i2 AS QTE AUENAnON OF INDIA 'FROM AMERICA 'FOR DECADES 'TO COME UNQTEo 'DOUEl'l'LESS IT' WILL 'rAKE' Tl HE TO REP A I R' r NDO 'A MER I'c AN RELA'T j ONS FIRST' WE NEED TO ARREST 'OErERIORATioN IF 'HE ARE 'TO 8E EFF'ECTIVE iN'HORKING AGAINST' HARo THlS REGARD NE' URGE' t A I 'fULL' SUPPORT I N UN TED NA nONS 'foR 'CE ASERF I RE BASED ON EMERGING REALITY OF AANGLA DESH E-G UK DRAFT USUN '500911 i B I IMMEDIATE' STATEMENT REAFFiRMiNG USG GTE ABSOLUTE NEUTRAL t TV UNQTE DEF ED' TO PBECLUDE SUI PORT· I N ANY FORM 'EXCEPT HUMANiTARIAN AS· LONG AS' HOSTILITIES CONiINUE AND SPIKING 'NUMEROUS ONS TO CONTRARY I NCL UD I NG OF' US CONN r VANCE WITH JOROAN 60 BUi' i ALLEGA Tt NOT TO BE REPROD CED WITHOUT THE-E·9AIoE RIZATION IFIED U S De OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 ' Departlnent of State f SAUDI ARABIA IN r 104 DE ALoI 'AI'rD Ie J PRDr1PT ESTABl r SHI1ENT 'OF PRAGMA T j C iUSG' RELA T IONS WiTH BANGLA OESH AUTHORtTIES-n F'OR·PRAcncALi LIAISON 12i TO S j GNAL US I NTENrroNs ro 60 I AND' GOP AND i 3 'i 'ro PREPARE pOR MORE FORMAL'ifESo To cur i IN SUMp POLICY' ADJUSTMENTS 'CAN' sTILL HELP Us TO I OSSES' AND I ACCOMMOD A TE 'TO REALi r I ES OF IND AN REG i ONAl' 'PREDON NANCE' AND 8ANGL 6 DESH INDEPENDENCE iUNQUOTE 'GP-4 KEA TING r NOT TO ·BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT IFIED U S lon rtrY ont T E 'ZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETAR'y of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980019 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN PART B61 II I u BEST COPY AVAILABLE fNFO OCT-01 1 -26 R 66 Hi ORi FiEO BY' S PCI n'n OF NTON APPQOVED 9Y S PC-WJlLIAM EAuMRI r CARGO SI CO SUBS VAN HOLLEN 1 i C l 'IF f CH 1 e 7 '- S I R nyt OR 7 S· Hl E _lOT S J 1'- f I lSi S 72 0 X I 5 i NE · R IS 10S96 R t022 3l JAN 72 FM SECSTATE WASHDe 1 c 1· 1 s 8 t y E J E NO DISTR BUTION OUTSIDE DEP RTMENr I j I III EVES O L rOR AMB SSADOR AND POLcaUNS Vl wS XP ESSED IN REFTEL HAVE BEEN CA EFUL Y CONSIDERED Uy S NiOk PULICY LEV L OFFICERS J DE A TME T A D DisCUSSED I iq SHALL NUj-mER OF O'THEN QFr ·' CE S WHO P E DIR ' C1 L ' CON ' ' H SDUTH I ST I p LrCY 5 W' TF rr A IR SSAD FPS Ftj ' · M ·' 3 Ctil Nr •• 1 lit· · iF PCt l'S '1Z iTln IE qU c GUio J iE CE' 'i ' n C l l' ' ' ' ' --- ' E · · •2 I _ ·l - ' l' ' ' ' ' ' ' us P L 1 CY u · t OP I '· '· · r i · L ' f I '··' T J E C t 'i t j i f1 Ie j If '1 E NT S C - ·· ' E' I r · s · i 1 - HD I V J l-·lr- ' C T · r j t - I I REWE L L D 'ART ENT Tf' 7TU L F F f ' Tq i st c C'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980024 Date 09 12 2017 B6 'It' -- - TELEGP ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 'T 0 - - 1 ' 'JIll • ' Department of State -' if' PA E 01 I 5D D e TU of e8 J I E'jTI L 'w_ ----- ' - - - - - 'i' VfJ ASUNCI 0 499 - 657' 01 OFP 02-' 141640Z 51 IRELEASE IN PART 861 ACTION 5S -14 • 0' ••••••••••••••••• a •• g I QJ4495 R- U 1535Z 'JUN -72 M AHEM8 SY ASUN ION TO -SECS ATE WASHOC '9' 9 F I 8374 9 -EN' T 1 L E CT tON ' 0 F' 2 - A UNC TON 1' 9 M SSENT CHANNEL 'SYBJECTt DISSENT MESSAGE NAR O I S ON ROL REF''' I A DEPT A -3559 OF' APR-fL' 8' I B ASUNC ION A 54 OF IIINF I I 1 '1 ASll 'l tnN -9· O AN ARY l ' OUNT Y A ALYSIS AND STRATEGY PAPER I ' 86 CONCURS SUBSTANCE 0 MESSAGEo RECOMQ MEND THIS CA8LE RECEIVE SAME 'DISTRiI3U ION AS REF BI 20 THIS MESSAGE CONTAINS RECOMMENDED MEASURES 'TO AE' TAKEN BY U S IN LIGHT PARAGUAYAN GOVERNMENT'S LACK OF 'COMMITMENT TO COOPERATE 1 N NARCOT fcs F'l ELD RE Sl' PouCHED JUNE i2 UPDATE E BASSY9S NARCOTICS CfION CONTROL PLAN I OUR OP1NION THIS UPDATED PLAN SATISFACTORY AS FAR- AS IT GOES BUT LACKS SPECIFIC RECO MENDATIONS ON U S ACTYONS AND TIM RAHES FoR OHERENT IMPLEMENTATinN' TH£ TIME l'S LATEI AND'CON RETE MEASURES MI 1ST' NOW SUPPLEMENT WORDS t F WE ARE E ITHE 'TO OBTAIN GOP CaOPERATION OR BRING HOME TO GOP CONSEQUENCES OF'FAIL RE TO COOPERATE ' ' - 30 B CKGROUNDI LACK OF PARAGUAVAN POLITICAL COMMI MENTo REF'a ISl OUTLINES LACK OF GOP COMMITMENT BUT WE BELIEVE FACTS SET FORTH 'THEREIN SHOULD BE INTERPRETED EVEN' MORE UNFAVORABLE AGAINST GOP ITF-MI TO OUR KNOWLEDGEp GOP HA NOT MADE HARD ORU ARREST ON ITS' OWN INITIATIVE IN f ·1 eeJIF I gEit'T I AL g UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 T Of o tr e PAGE 02 • I I Department of State ASUNCI 01499 or 01 02 141640Z PA T FEW YEARS THOUGH THREE COCAINE 'TRAFFICKERS ARRESTED LATE MAY t972 BASED 'ON iNFORMAT ON S0PPLIED B BN60 GOP AS HUSHED UP ARRESTS THOUGH IT HAS PRIVATELY STATED INTENTION PROSEcuTE Ex POST F 6 CTO UNDER TOgBE PASSEO DRUG-LAW wE BELIEVE GOP KNOWS PROSECUTION· WILL' FAIL' ON ·COt JST TUTlONAL GROUNDS - ' i i f • • i I ITEMI SUF ICIENT EVIDENC EXISTS 'TO SUPPORT CONCLUu SION THAT DELAY IN APPROVAL PENDING ORUG LEGISLATION 15 RESULT OF INTERVENTION 8 PRESIOENT STROESSNER RATHER THAN LOW PRIORITY HE ASSIGNEO TO PA§SAGE AD HE' WISHED LAW wouLD BE PASS D BV NOW 5 ITEMI EVENTUAL DEPORTAT ION AUGUSTE RICaRD EVEN TO COOPERATING THIRD COUNTRY WOULD STILL NOT DEMONSTRATE 'FULL COMMITMENT TO COOP ERATE WITH UQS' ON DRUG PROSLEMe 'EVEN 1 EV NTUALLY RESU iNG IN u s CUSTOti¥ OF RrrORD WOULD' SUGGEST TO THIRD COUNTRIES U So HORE INTERESTED IN ' SACRIFIC1AL LAMBS« FOR PROPAGANDA PURPOSES THAN IN ''' 0 8 TAI NI NG BAS I cpa L IT I c AL COM MIT MEN TS TO' Cbop ERA TE 1N DRUG CONTROL IN FACT ' EVEN EXTRADITION AT THIS LATE DATE WOULD SHOW PRECIOUS LITTLE COMMI MENT o t II 6' STRoESSNERoS REFUSAL TO RE EI E AMBASSADOR WHEN LAttER' HAD RETURNED FROM' CHIEFS-OF MISSION' CONFERENCE SPECIFItA TO SEE STROESSNER lS AT VE Y LEASTI SYMPTOM OF W T WE BELIEVE' IS His FAILURE' TO CO PREHEND §ERIOUSNESS wttH WHICH U-S VIEWS TRAFFICKINGI 'DE PITE ·CONSIDERABLE U S · EFFOR rS ·ta ·DATE -'HOWEVER STROESSNER HAS HEARD ·ONt Y WO DS F OM'USo WE BELiEVE U s M0sT GO BEYOND WORD ' NOW TO ENSURE THAT STROESSN R 'uN6ERSTANDS CONSEQUE CES' OF· AILURE TO COOPERl ND GIVE ·HIM OPPORTUNITY 'GET ME SAGE ONE LAST·TIME-· ' 1 WE OWE' STROESSNER OppORTUNITY TO RESPOND 'TO AC1S ECAUSE 'OURING PAST' YE R BOTH OUR WORDS AND ACTS HivE CONVEYED MIXED S GN LS ABOUT DEPTH Or OUR CONcERN WITH PARAGUAYAN COMKIT ENT EMBASSY O FrCERS AND SOME U G VISITORS HAVE TRIED REPEATEDLY CONVEY OUR DESIRES BQT ONE HIGH riOD orFi I L iNT NTIONALLY OMITTED DISCUSS D UGS WITH STROESSNER IN CONTRAST AM9ASSADOR' HARO-LINt AP ROA H TO FOREIG ' E TWO WEEK A O STROES NE I r '-' '-''''--'-''' -- - _ ' 0 ' • __ ' _ • _ ___ ' _ _ ______ _ ___ ••- •••••• ' - •• - - j t _ - -- -_____ -0 _ · u _ - - _ 0 ' ' --- ' ' ee lf I E _______ __ ___ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 • If • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 eo • o _ ' ' ___ '-0 ' RllIIo • I OJ tI IJ· t - ir -1' 1' 0 ' cer t EP1T I PIa INVITED TO USMILGP RECEPTION TH'rS 'WEEK TO' HONOR INALTERABlE i BETWEEN U s PA AGUAVAN ARMEO F'ORCES 0 'MEAt- WHiLE OUR ACTS OVER SAME PfRIOO' HAVE ALMOST CERTA'INLY GIVEN STROESSNER I DE A THAT' ALL I S WELL I PASSAGE SUGAR' ' QUOTA APPROVAL AID La NS ELIVERY 20 0 0 RIFLES N ' i3 'HELICOPTERS EARLY 1972 ANQ oe CivERY TWO MAP BULL F'R tENOSH P DOZERS WaTH $90 000 LAST' WEEI ' 8- PHASE ONE FIVE RECOMMENOATioNS DESIGNED 'TO IMPLED' MENT' RECOMMENDA TI ON REF C I 'PAGE 7 TO USE' ALL MEANS AT OUR DISPOSAL TO ELICIT A POLITICAL COMMITMENT FROM GOP BEFORE AUGUST 1 DEMONSTR rE6 BV CONCRETE ACTS RECOMMENDED U S ACTION BEFORE J LY I I EMBASS BE INSTRucTED CANC L FOU TH' OF JULY RECEPTION' UNLESS RICORD EXTRADITION CASE'DECIDED FAVOR • • CY' RY APPEALS COURT BY 0NE'26 Ii EM ASSY BE INSTRUCTED CONVEY FOLLOWING TO GOP THIS WEEKI EITHER INFORMALLY OR BY NOTEs AI U-S MILI TARY ASS STANCE TO PARAGUAY w S CUT THIS VE R PARTLY DUE LACK OF SATISFACTORY' PARAGUAYAN PERFORMANCE DROG F ELO BI DELIVERY 600 BAR RIFLES TWENTY 'CANNON NOW ON HiGH SEAS I RI F'LE AMMUN I TI ON AND OTHER' MATER I EL' IN 5UPPL V CHANNEL BE I NG OELAXEO S M REASON Q • i ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 tl -· 0' - 'f • • pepa tment o State-TELEGRAM LOI4 I 14TiAL PAGE 01 ASUNCI 0 9 02' 0' 02 682 1416 9Z 5'1 ACTION 59-1' ••••••••••••••••••••• R · 141535Z JUN 72 'M-AMEMBASSY ASUNCION TO ECST TE WASHoe 8315 e e U F t B OI SENT eo UTI It L' ECTION 2 OF ' A§UNCIO 9 CHANNEL i I I 0 EMBASSY BE I NSTRUCTED I NFORM GOP NOT LATER THAN JUNE 26 THAT AMBASSADOR WILL 'NOT' RETURN IN EVENT RIcaRD EXTRAD I nON CASE NOT r AVORAF3LE' RESOLYED BY THEN REC01'4 M ENDED ACT ON 8EF'OR AUGUST' 1 ' ryo EMBAS Y BE INSTRUCTED MA E CLEAR TO GOP DURING JULY THAT UNLESS DRUG LAW PASSEDI RICORD EXTRAOiTEDI AND 1961 SINGLE CONVENTION ON NARtOTrcS AMENDMENTS SIGNEe a so WILL BEGIN PHASE OUT ILGP 1D ASSISTANCE AND SACES OR 'GRANTS MATERIEL· yo THAT IF DRUG LAW PASSED AND ICORD EXTRADITED DURING JULY EMBASSY-BE AUTHORIZ D OFFE 8NDD AbvISOR TO INISTRY of HEALTH FOR IMPLEMENTATION DRUG LAW AND OFFER 'SHARE COSTS OF EQUIPPING POLICE NARCOTICS N E TIGATION UNIT A ONG L1NES REF B PAGE 10 9- PHASE TWO THREE RECOMMENOATIONS DESIGNED TO EXTRACT 8ENEF I T8 FROM GOP FAr LURE TO COGlPERATE BASED ON OUR ESTl ' MATE OF USG GLOBAL-STRATEGY IN FIGHT AGAINST NARCOTICS AND POSITION OF PARAGUAY WITHIN TRATEGY 10 IF PARAGUAY REMAINS UNCOOPERATIVE U S INTERESTS MIGHT'BEST BE SERVED 9Y DECISIVE-STEPS AG INST-PARAGUAY' WHICH oFFERS OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE MEASVRES AT MINIMUM COST TO' U S I NTERESTS AND pERHAPS I TH POLiTICAL BENEFIT' MOREOVERJ FAILURE TO TAKE MEASURES IN FACE PARAGUAYAN INTRANSIGENCE CAN BE INTERPRETED' IN FOREIGN CAPITALS AS RELUCTANCE O ART USG TO UTILIZE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 t· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C1 980042 Date 09 12 2017 Department oJState TELEGRAM r t lJ S G 5 1-1'0 U I D R A I SF S SUE nI ' P 'j RAG UAV A' NCO MP L t C NCV ' 'A30Ui NARCOircS jRA ICKiNG IN APPROPRIATE INTERNATIONAL FTIRUMS O WHICH BOTH GOV RNHENTS A E MEMBER ' 0 1- Itr GOP REQUESTS FOR FINANeIAL ASSISTANCE FROM INTERp NATION L LENDING AGENCIES IN WH tH'USG HAS VOICE S80ULD BE GIVEN SPECIAL 'CONSIDER'ATION AND' U S ' 'CONCURRENCE ONLY ON HUMANITARIAN GROUNDS I J I I ' - 4 '0 ' 'l - '- -- -'--' -- - 1_ _ _ _ • _ _ _ - ' 1 • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980042 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' I ' 1 ' - ' 1 •• 1 'II 4 ' •• I RELEASE IN PART B61 VV CIiJ 644 Fill 068JCt g 72 00 RUEIICS DE R'UFHJA #r 13S 0311425 ZNY CCCCC ZZH 81 BEST COPY AVAILABLE G 8 NFl BEl T I L ZUI RUF HCS ATHl 156 t l 16 6 B RLP SVC RUFHJ O 1IS - ceo H ' TH lS 2 551 J DE Rl FIUU 2 5 51 t ZtlY CCCCC Z ZH 1 I D 205 2 2 IS UlmER v 1ZjlIS R 280945Z NOV 72 H usr'l SSJO ·ll ERLIN TO W FHO L I h ' i· i 1' 5 SY 130 1'J 902 RU HC SECSTATE WA HDC IE60 PoT 9 J fl F 13 1 NT A L EClIO · 1 OF 2 BERLIN 2 55 DISSENT CH NtJEL rF n STATE -3559 I THIS cr' LE TRtdJS ' ITS A DESSE ilTHJG VIE'l sm nTTED BY USSEfi DESIRED DIS-rHIBUTION IN DEPT EuniCE EB OA I SUB AI HP GREEJ ENTS HITH GDR HEF BERLIN 2042 D BERLIN 354 PA A 6 · • ' ' ' j 1 13 BEHLIN 000 C STATE 182958 PfI RA 4 I su ' Y It CO H EXT FO 1 THea ' P G FRO -G Dl f Vl T ION ' r' lL A r F r ' L cci IS IDEfi iT IO' -J Ol FOl LO''' l G P 10 O 51 T I 0 s t HICK '8ULD Sl JpPLEr f lT ' ORE TH J D1S E T P Ot· PREVIOUS ·t' ES GF S IS REcOi' r' E' D ILLIES Sl Ol LD OT G'1 JT HHi HT S FO R LUF'TlH · S 1 PM S r ' G El S B 1' ' · IE Ell F riG D r ERL It EVEt H PRI JCJf Lr FOR LATI PERIOD IF FriO lVilSES SUP IECT OF SliCH HIGHTS fll LIES fiOULD FS1 'J liETHEf1 FRG IS HEfdJ Y J HEP E JTED I VII l LE f U IED I1i'·iER GEI ' N SERVICE lGS FO H Df FlillTF FUTunE iD POln OUT i'ROPI PLE NEED 10 fUdS lGS Fil Ii ' i lI iiEXTYEf R i- VE 'l l n THOUT LUFTHf SJi PliHTJC r flT10 'ID I LIES ilOtiL OElTf rIGHTS TO OVl HFLY Gn IT Sfl ' Tn E Ff TflP SL CH iHGHTS IJHEFEn· PLY THROUGH irm JOPll' l ICflO i iD It 1ER TJ O ir L All S J V I CES Til n 1 T liG Hi Er· ENT E lO SlW ' MW • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' - - I ' ' 2 F RG IS rIPPf RE lTL Y IIJn m OfJ HF CH1 ' G rIGREF t' IH oJlTH GDR IN NE R FUTURE IJHICl OlilO PEn iIT u -rKM SI'I STOPS I lERLHI O J nOt TE TO r OSCO ' Im EVENTUAL IRliIAGE OF PASSE NG ERS BY L ' 'lHM Sf- 11 EH ' ' l FnG fltnJ P Ll 1 1ITH 05 l 1 CTIVE OF S UCH f r J flP RING AGREEr ENT I tJ IES S l lL U 3 l' TF rn ST5 nl rCJHEXT O COiJSIDERr'- ' O SOF'FOLLO'nrm IS RECOi'WENDED rWT GR I'lT RIGHTS FOR LUFTHANSI Pf SSElmEHS BEHIEEt Ft' G Arm BEflLIt OF GJH NTIr G SUCH RIGHTS LATER OR INDIC ITE POSSIBILITY TO DO SO otILD SEIHOUsLY THREfJ T£t1 Vl IBILlTY OF 1I 1 UED HiS 13r C ilJSE ONCE n LIES ACCEPT PR t CJPU OF LUFTH d SA PARTlCIPATIOf' IN rGS IT lllLL BE VEf1Y DIFFICULT TO tHiIT TH iT PMI'i'I lP ITIO ' SINCE FHG Pf P TEDL cown JT If LUFTHAUSi'l hlr F TO CMmy i O PI SSE lGSRS REH 'tEil p G I tiD I T LEt- ST FO 'l T il SlTJOiJr L PERIOD OF YEAn OR n o lr litIS no LOG Ict L EED TO SK I LLIES EVi- N 10 r c nDEH THIS 0Uf rrOr r- en B IF I S rJfo Vl HiHEt ESS SEE i1LL lED CD · ' T · r r·· OF' POSSIBILITY OF GP -HJTHlG Lun' · 'l fI Ff G-r- E U 1 l'r S' 3i i·iGF R l iGJ TS L ATF n r LL IES SHOULD ·fHETI- r i Fi J$ Hr U Y JfHE't 1 'r in D PJ VIP 1 f 'ilfD G' FO r I -' o'I -PIITE FU'lli J I T l'I'J' 'r ' -F' 1 ' 0 o'p· ' I'C 'f' ' If 1' ' ' ' ' 1 0- 1 1 _Ll il J l '- - Ot 'f I L p' T-tl I CI N CUr'LOSSES BY OHDG LY PLr' JED PHr EOUT 1F OT THEY SHOULD BE GIVF N Fnm LONG-r1t GS UNE lJI1 OC L M StlRtl '· CES p ' 1' 0 CO HIEcr-I r'J ALL ES SHOULD ALSO POBT OUT TO FRG HOP APLE r EEO TO HAlSF I S FARES f- GAIr tlEXT YEAH TO BRl · G THEl· CLOSER TO LUFTHM Sr PER SE IT-t' lU F'M ES vJITHIU F' G EIJE i 'lTHOl r L FTHI 1 3 ' HiS PMn ICIP ' T IJ ' LO' oJ f -EHLl FARES ' 'ERE F STt ELlSHr l S SOCII L lEASUHE In VIE' OF SURFACE TI1 WEl DIFflCULT1 - S ' 0 v IHt T SlIl FIiCE rru VEL EASIEH t UCH Tl Ff C Hr LHr i iJY SHIFTED FHfHi JdH TO SURFACE MW ORIGIU L WSTIFICATlC '1 FDH HE1 IITJVELY LOW BERLIN AIR FM SS IS SIGfJIF'ICM TLY REDUCSD I OTHER FiltH 11 CnEf SE nLL PHOPfI BlY t3 E -1 CESSM'lY EVr · IF LUFTHANS f J l l f STAYS OUT CF IGS DEC U E HJG I£R TH · l r'j R ' II L LOAD FtICTOJ S f Hr EED D TO EHE - EVE J fiT Eili DECE P ER 1 C Rl 'c pC''' l r '-I 'lr CY lC ST 'lJC-U' L '01' r Hl ' '''Cll I · IF ' f t' I IM ' r J I 1 Ef SILY HJ FJHEll 1 C TYP OF rdRC I Fn tlO 1' OVE T TEGEL v ILL' BE EXP£t· SIVE J ' I ' ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 I C - M tU S SI Ol l D OBTfdU OVr RFLICIiT rnCIlTS f ON lDR ' 1 iT SM- ' TH'E FHG D lES U 'lTll ALLIES H VE SUCH nIGHTS IE i eM r· n IUCII Ai OUT PHESE H D1 FFlCUL T J F S SUCH 3 lV tn FOOT CE1LPIG 1' Ji U CK nF ·ULGf nll J LI lJ 11 G j 1GHTS I I '1 no VOR t fiT CHf ln n FllGHTS M-iD GDR VlGHT DF VJSE ' i YS 10 1 J XE THOV lI E F l OTllER FLIGHT US1 G C l rll On Id lCH THEY COULD PLMJSIELY u ' 'E E l 1 Lr T D TO SUt 1 por f OF ALUS G l mnS0 S l -IE T r F m I I1IU i 'E ' OULD rt QUTrII · THAT COHRUWH 'HIGHT t i'1 T P ' i f-' 1T UFO 'i CDR G f 'iT OF OVEH l lGHT nCit TS THEY COt l D 1 · T r ·IET n ln iCT lOllS IS HEGULfI lZP Q COnH1D nS VH1 ALL Al LIED Cl llL FLIGHTS MrJ TH V3 II i Vi' r XCUSE TO E E 1' O R F CO lPr nt TIVE GE · l R ILl Y fIt LlED OVEr FLIGHTS FROr' BERI lI TO EAST M £ OF counSEl DEP DE lT Vi'Or- GDR G' dH OF HIGHTS THREE POSSlf lLITES FOi I Ll lES TO WHAl l lGHTS TO OVERFLY GDH fdH D SCRISED 8 F LCl' 1 onnEn ' - lCH THEY - IGHT LOGle iLLY DE TRIED CHl Or lLOG1Ci LLY I CDR MIGHT JOIN IC O AND REL TED I T R ATIO AL AIR SEfWICES TfU JSIT r GR fYE H OI' STA 'HICH PROV1Di G FOR OVE iFLIGHT filGHTS FOR 3 WICES O I l' TlLtlTE r L Jr SIS Y GDR IOl lIt G ILLIES ri ' ELL AS'Fnn I OULD OF Trllt- D EsnED OVEHFL G T HJTHs ·JlTHOUT liAVItW TO F OTJ r TE 8JLP TE t LS It ' J II j 1m 1 T -IO l G II LESS FOR l' I L u u n ' T Ii r Y M 11 EEt·' n S NIGHT EVF '1TU '1LLY r r lF CESS f Y FOR SUCH IT VS I S OUTE DSSIGi· TIC ·l iDH r« ' f -E RELUCTr · r T I JOJ I If- SIt S nl E TilEY 1•• i il LiJ THt ' t- n LOSE DM GAI l ·lG L VE'1 THf Y UO ' U E i TO i · U · SAS I D I T9 FLY TO SCi O - iiEFELD ·P flTHU THf' 1 '10 ' ·1 3T EEi LJ·l l ' 'Eli P Y JD1 Ht lC T1 Y iOULD HSCU'JE SU ' STl H HL l F · F l1 ' T j O E Fi ' iT ' C lU' i I1ES MJD THEY IOG T FHID IT rJ TT I CTrVi T li Tr iE H f I Lli E ' Y OTHEr CClUriT iI£ O J 0lJESTIO·' OF CVERFI JGWfS ESULTfin am HIGHT TO alJF RFl Y C 3 · 'OULD PH ' I LY COST us LITTLE IF f tHHI G SI ·lCF rt YI JC OVER us VOL LD '· nT S Er' TO fiT J TO FO F SE F ' LEI NT En fo'L UG H l UT F ' F T E Enl Pi l TOR l lH' E E1H P r i I EVl S GDTl n L GO I ISTA REF C ILLl S V 1 In LO lCM LY i FE'I TO GRABERT SThTEi' r nT C l f SK f G TO L '1GF cnn TO JOIn lrlSTIi EITHER l'iSTE I OF O li' UI T l EOUS Y I ollTH F'R i-GDH BILATEnrIL hIE r- lGf-iT ALSO Err H TO F1 G UNOF RI 'l I% I' J r nTICLE 3 OF CHr·iJTEH 12 OF SF TTLf n · T CCl lVEtnlOt Tn PURSUE Ul ITS PllJTE 1AL II TP t1 POHT GnEF t E nS f D Id1RAl GEI- £trrS A L18EHP L I ND NO JDISCHII1 IJ ITORY POLICY P'T #'1313 f ' ' ' • ·· 1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ll ' ' - ' ' ' I ' ' t • ••· i I ' ' i HWVIJ HCZ9 l PH A5 7 I Ll C 73 00 Fll HCS DE h UFHLl i '2· j iS 3 1'i 5 ZNY CCCCC ZZti BT e e I P 1 BEl T I A L t f lEi SIJC ZUI U HCS 15 '1 6 ' jl o1UFHJ Z llS ATT I ceo H Ii· T RA i· S 2 15 'j 2 S 3 '17 2 5 5 Z i'lY cecce ZZH R 3 j Z v 7IJ Fi1 US · ISS I J c L 1 'J T J i Uri H I ii Sy f U IiC S C Ti T j e I 9 r 1 e SF JC J ·3 I 5J TIlt L Si CT 10 J 86 X 2 THr b lLrES 'lI JHT 1QliHLY GJTlt H' 1ILf Tc i ' L 3Jr-I liT S f· i TPE Pi 3 0 lLLES 'jJ - 1T Gi fl n GO LJ r i J RIGHTS Ii' 1- 5T t - lr i F rLl HrS J lGI 'J Tn G IN 8 1 2 ' 5TOCK Oi' LCli'ZT3 I · TLFFi Fa u s lTi ' U l 0 r ·lCH 1' 13iiTS TO VJV i FLY GL'I 't CJUt L38 S £EK i IGHTS r S 'IE ' 5T E3c r'iLJ -3 'vUT T J S2 s l ur J TO GD ' 1F 'lI f J ni ' J 2 T Y 2 E '1E n i' 1 D 3 liT 01J 2fLIGHT nGHf-S t JUL i JBt '3LY E ' O i r 'H Ici j' TJ u s T · l Lr JJI 1G lGHTS I v GDf UGH v tJi 2i ' T JUL Xi E P ILl T i 1C C tiLLIt L - - ' f · l l iJUL CCJ · C lT - l ' G n TSJ ' G iU'l iY IT OC1 J l1 VUiTi r 'l ' J Z ' OF Pi G 'E iI TIJ · · l 0 ' S r LF JF · i SJ 2 iLI l UT OCCU ' L 3 rJ' ' i i1 - Hi V r C SEiW i IS f r S Pi F lEL D 0 F AVH T D 'j 1 I •J UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 ' • - ' 'Col ' ' ' Ef Cr OF Tri2 r LLJ ' r'iI - -1 E ' C U T f O'v'E i-LI3 -iT lGHT J JTH C J r A rL BILt TE · L- i T TI ' Z JF F n -G I l 3 ··i - · rr S t j l iT i i F 2 U l r '·i f C OV r - I iT 13 ' TS T J 'ST Ll ' L · r J 1I'3 T J ' 2 JTii l r r i i lr TJ i ' CJ iC i r J FJa iLLI D 3 - 1' 11 ' l-iI 3iiTS TJ OV ' rLY · i iV 3 Ji' i ' l iT DT E2 · JUGH UJiLi S DJ ' ' i' LY i ' JU f THf J r CT Or il J Ei · ns liL J 3 ' O T i J T iI · TO JJ'i2 '1 ES - L S f ' 3STk · CT Lr4T 1 GD i'1131 j J 3IST J 'i LIi JU S i J·3 iTS I i LIS IS PA H JF lY l3IU Tc r iL rl ' l' IS 1JU3T l L IF TH - C IS i ·lYTiil 3 ' OU i '' i ij' F 'iJ 'l I'u D VlflTI J IE 'iS · HICH JUL 3 J TH OUii Gi I TUJ THC l Lr DU3 iIGliTS 1 -1 U5 S' XL I J HT l' 14 ' ' • I '- J UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980063 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departf' lent of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 lL J- j @ J OFFICIAL-INFORMAL RELEASE IN PART B61 CO'lft erafCf thiEI DISSENT CHANUEL 86 USAID Mission Islamabad Pakistan I I I ' ii i I I I Dear Mr Haqer As I promised in my l tter of March 27 we have pursued the questions on South Asia arms supply that you posed in your dissent channel letter of March 21 1973 You have raised a number of specific substantive points They are material o es and they deserve an answer I have asked my staff toqether'with o ler oon'cerned persona in the Department to comment on' them These comments are enolosed with this letter The main burden of my letter is not however substantive The important point for you to know is that the considerations you have raised have repeatedly occupied attention at the highest levels They have been discussed in l ational Security Study Memoranda in meetings of the Senior Review Group in discussions with the Secretary and in many other qatherinqs of persons at all levels who are concerned as you are with the implications of our ArtUS supply policy I am personally convinced' that these points have received an extensive and fair hearin9t and have ad an impact on our policy for as the enclosed comments point out we have settled on a policy that is very restrictive and is designed to meet many of the difficulties that you raise Obviously these ar9umen s did not carry the day in the sense that we did not impose a total arms embargo As you are aware there are stronq counterconsiderations- and indeed I am not sure that the logic of your argumentation necessarily leads to a total embargo COst XJ5l WfIJlcb I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 2 The dissent channel was created as a further means of ensuring that all points of view are brought forth in the interest of making the best policy choices Your constructive concern in this policy question' is appreciated Sincerely yours SIgned William I Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination staff Enclosure Comments on South Asian Arms supply Clearance MEA PAB - Mr Bruce Lain eeTWI8f1M'l'I1 J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980088 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 1 ' ' ' -- ' '- RELEASE IN PART 86 ' • ' 1 CeHFIBEtl'f'IAL 1 • I Comments On The Points'Raised In I IDissent Letter On South Asian Arms Supply General 1 ' ' 86 F'ir t ' the point re e'xtrem ly' perti ent and h'a TB ' ·been· raised repeated ly in the discussions that led up to the arms upply pol cy decision s ' ond 'IL____--'Ia pears to the intent of the policy It is in fact extremely e- to a great extent precisely because of strictive t he ldnds 0£ poin ts th tL -1 --__--- -____--'1 A revi ' i·7 ' ' o£ the 1967-71 arms policy which was very similar to ' he 'pJ 'esen t o 1 sl mvs th a t small transfers of military r ason 86 be overintei-preti 1g t re sul t ed supplie ift mly 86 ' v er' There is evety to assume that the present policy will be inter- preted·at east as strictly Third there is an implicit p roblem in considering arms sales to· any other country There are strong moral political and often economic arguments advanced not to sell armS at all Yet this is simply unrealistic as a general principle and once this is admitted then it eemr FJEWP IlzTs UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 r l' _ ol ·' t ' ' ' ' ' • ' • ·1 ' '0 1 is ' t' ' ' • • t ' ' r ••• ' of··-'·· ' • ' ' t • • • ' ·t • diff i ult t o see a l CeNt EN'fIAL ' of •• ' I ' • • '0' • _ ' '0 ' • - '' ' hy' we should luake a unique exception ' _ ' ' ' i 1 South AS ia ' ' ' •• - 0 t ' guid ' ••• ' ' ' ' Specific Points A •• ••• 0 of our arms sales and this should also be our I II ' • ' 2' ' ·He seek to apply a nile of reason in for South Asia ' ' ' ' O The lethal non-lethal distinction L -_ _ _ _ _ -1I rgU 1ent is largely valid' there is no clear dividing line between the t vo marginal cases pose many problems B6 categories and the But once the decision has been made to sell some military equipment therA is much to be said for a policy that seeks explicitly to 0' • avo id ' the 1 1p'p Ly oi suc c ear ly l thai- items lS ta lk s fighter 'aircraft and artiller·y These 'i disputably ' lethal ite s have' been excluded since 1965 and·this is -I all to the good Conversely ' ·there is no reason to ex elude items such as radios or a ly-w rni g dar · By 'setting up the lethal non-iethal imperfect ve distincti however have at least excluded the most objectionable items and have decreased the lil ehood that pressed for them aswou ld be the case 'lere 'le will be the po licy GOHfIBJJN'fIAb UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 I t ' ' ' ' ' • ' t' • • ieli·ad hoc 0 • ' - CSNFR1ErllTlltb ' ' fqr put chas e of the ' • • • ' • • • • ' ' ' ' ' to • 0' • •••• • ' • '0 • int nt' margil l •••• I ' Agafn guarantee ' ' • in passing o'n requests items IL -_ _ _ _ th t ---Jli ' ' ' ' ' ' • ' • • I ' ' out arms will only be used in the context The argument made above concerning the 'le ti1al non ··le thai d istinc tiOLl is of some importance here the kinds and quantities of arms involved are designed to minimize pOBsible dam' J ge when · used out of context· ' The· fact r'emains that· rnodern sovereign nations do have armies and armaments ' Our 'Of ' ' ' •••• I ' lso as we will ·bring out -in the next paragraph e b elieve· that thE liklehoqd of 'Ind 1a and Pakistan' using veapon$ against each 9ther has diminished marked ly ' ' 86 quite correct that we cannot in vhich they were' supplied 0° B • Question of Use ••• The dis inc ion ls provides an im- port ant dec la ation or' ' ' '''' '3 •••• Here perc ivc L 1_ _ _ --- JliS _ on the '7eakest ground First we a gen'uine change in the power realitie s of the subcopti ent We do not believe that Pakistan is likely to engage in an ' 'arms race 7ith lnd ia any more The UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' · ·· I· '- - I I·· · GOHfIDEWHAli t t • ••• • ' ' ' •••• • # ' ••••••••••• ' ·4 ' I ' - 0 'f ' 0 0 ' ' - ' - j and a very limited arms supply policy is not going to • '0 •••• change this ' l' ' 0 ' '''' Second a well-executed supply policy • • • ' • ' ' ' ' can in act r du e the rms race ' • ' 0 For nst nce by providing spare parts for older generation aircraft we reduce the liklehood that Pakistan will opt for entirely new more advanced system's that would in· turn encourage India to obtain still later generation aircraft from the Soviet Union courRe Also of lIarms race I we do not control the pace of the We are by no means tbe majoJ supplier of 13y staying in the ge - - e armaments to the subcontinent ' ' in a li lit d Vay ole pr b tli ti b'e 'te r c11'ance of disco uragin g otber suppliers from providing ' e · ce ss ye ' amounts of weaponry • ' Th ere are 1 ' 1 · O V OuS 1y - 11 s b lIt of pl t a t h e narrmv ntent of our po licy and th ' record of implemen ta'tion beD leen ' • 19 7 • 3r d 19i'1 snggests tbat responsibly in j 'Gu s mc C tiL1g the8 • JC ' should he abl t to act p roblt ms VB Butter TIle point that South Asia needs to spend less ffione __ -------- GOHF IS 1 i rn It I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Ca$e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 • to' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 ' '- 1 I I i ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' •• • •• ' on arms i '8 ' ' ' • 1 ' ' il'j efub1b1 e The' conn te'r- l rguinent is' 1 1' 1ch the 'saine one as made in G ' above ' ' ' CQNFIQEN'flhb ' that 7 t or rDl do not' the situation and indeed may be able to reta d the arcs • •• ' ' ' ' race and he nce expenditures by keeping some role for ' ' ' • ourselves Certainly the equipment that 'le - p' ' provide ' costs Pakistan considerably less than what they ha e had to spend on the international 'items rms mark et for comp arable One carl also argue that Bhutto's predilect on By is to spend less rather than more on armaments giving him some sign of cooperation we s 'reng the n ' J S l argaining po V r against' th se 'lho 1ant to divert s tii 'l more ' ' resourc s ' into armaments '0 ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980090 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 • • I ' r • - 17 '''_ '''' 1 · M t _' I @J 'l fORtI DS 322 OCR 1 IU' ' ''''' t ·1 C9UFIBEtJTIAL IRELEASE IN PART ssl CU YSS RTAR DT LSB 4 23 7 LI EXT SIP - SLEWIS 23730 S P HCBLANEY CU OPP NBOYER T CJONES INFO ARA CAR JWSIMMS I' ROUTINE SANTO DOI1INGO SL GDS TAGS PFOR OGEN DR SCUL SUBJECT YOUTH PARA DISSENTING VIEW REF A SD 538 FEB 6 L9 1974 B SD 2190 MAY 21 L 1973 C STATE 209SC13 OCT 24 1973 D SD llJ 59 OCT 9 1973 E SD 4585 NOV 8i 9 1973 F STATE 228145 NOV 20 1 L973 E O 652 1 DEPARTi1ENT APPRECIATES VIEWS OF FSOS -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ J THEIR OPINIONS WILL BE PRESENTED IN FORTHCOMING REVIEW OF YOUTH POLICY PAPER WHICH RESULTED FROM WORLDWIDE POST REAtSPONSES DISCUSSION WILL TACKLE QUESTION OF BROAD REFOCUSING OF APPROACH TO YOUTH QUESTIO S TAKING ACCOUNT OF IDEAS RAISED'IN THIS MESSAGE AS WELL AS OTHERS THIS REVIEW WILL FOCUS ON PROBLEM OF HOW BEST TO ASCERTAIN AND MAINTAIN AN APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF ATTENTION AT EACH MISSION AND TO INTEGRATE THE YOUTH Dlr1ENSION INTO OVER ALL MISSION EFFORTS 2 THE DEPARTMENT HAS STRESSED BASIC IMPORTANCE OF ON- CO 11 IN G GENE RAT ION AS FA CTOR IN PRE S EI'll AND f UTURE p 0 LI - TICAL AND ECONOMIC EVOLUTION OF COUNTRIES IN WHICH US HAS INTEREST THUS YOUTH fACTOR SHOULD BE RELtFLECTED AS APPf OPRIATE IN ·POLITICAL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS 3 IN LIGHT OF POINTS IN DEPTEL 2190 'ANY FURTHER SUGGES- L ce WI II IJTI it L UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 RTA NB 7t' HCS· i CJ 1 I ' I JbJS ' B6 UNCLASSIFIED I ' S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 Continuation Sheet I C6UFI eEfdTIAL TIONS ON SPECIFIC POINTS IN PARAS 2 4 AND 5 WHICH AUT H0 RS fi AY lIl SH TO ADD W0 UL D BE WE leO '1 ED BY REV lEW GROUP YYY 1- C rJfiIBErJTrAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980096 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN FULL UMITED OfFICIAL USE DRAFT CABLE AC'l'ION TO BANGKOK FOR EMBASSY USOM and RED Subject Reorganization of RED USOM Relatfonships Ref A State 107086 B Bangkok 8679 C Bangkok 11952 1 We have reviewed the reorganization proposed in ref A the policy implications 4iscussed in ref B and the Embassy commeats contained in ref C as well as ·the history of the regional programs and prospects for their future 2 The Department and AID 'lish to reconfirm that it is US policy to support Asian regionalism and those Asian regional institutions which foster regional cooperation understanding and interdependence In part because of the success of the concept and the institutions which RED helped to foster other bilateral and international donors have supported regional activities and the Asians themselves have come to recognize the value of regional cooperation in selected development areas and are devoting substantial resources to it Hence while we believe that the US need not in the future playas energetic a leadership role' in' 'regional activities as it has in the past a separate and distinct office supporting our relationships and contributions' to Asian regionalism 'lill continue to operate • 3 We believe that the operational and administrative arrangements described in ref C are reasonable ones and need not adversely affect US support of reg ionalism in fact or in the eyes of the Asians However it must be clear to lHrHTED OffIC AL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 2 the regional organi ions and the countries involved in them that the US continues to strongly support Asian 'regional activities and maintains in Bangkok a regional office through which the us dll continue to support them Changes that are being made in that office are internal and administrative and should not have any effect on the programs nor imply any diminution of our support of useful regional arrangements 4 The questions raised in the dissent cable ref B are serious ones and vere given careful scrutiny and review On balance we support the vie vs proposed in Bangkok 11952 and assume they will prove satisfactory Of course if the organizational arrangements in light of experience after an adequate trial perhaps a year prove to be less effective than anticipated this shift can be reviewed at that time - Drafted by S P CWKontos Authorized by Cv ontos Clearance EA AEurnmel AID Asia' AWhi te AID Asia K Rabin ' info s p RSmith info UiiilTEO OfFIGli'L USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980110 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 ' f ' ' ' • 4 l - I • '6 1 ' • '1- t Dehartment r 01 State • 1-41' of 'TELEGRAM CSO UNCLASSlFIED P A E 1 YAOUNO 01876 74 S 1 1217Z 0 RELEASE IN PART Bsl ACTION SP-03· NFO' OCT-01 ES-e2 - 11106 It 010744 R' t31105 JUN 14 FM AMEM6ASSy YAOUNDE ''1'0 ·SECSTATE WASHOe· 3462' IlNC AS YAOUNDE 1816· '- nIASENT CHANNEL Eon' 116521 N A RURJECTI O SS Ni MESSAGE FOQ· ADMINISTRATOR MRo OANIEL PARKER ROOM 5942 FSI I o Al A-35V2 B AIDTD eIRe A-eD7 •• Cl STATE 118017 0' YI OUNOE' 1669 THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING AnUNOE IEW _l SUBMITTED 8Y 86 REF B CALLS FOR INFORMATION ON EMPLOYEES AT POST WHO A E FOREIGN BORN OR HAVE FPRE'lGN ·eORN SPOUSES IT ASKS FOR THE MPLOYEE S NAME DATE OF 6IR H NAM OF FOREI N BORN SPOU$E r OIINTRV OF' ORIGIN ·CURRiNT CITIZENSHIP· of EMP L OYEE OR ·SPOUSE nATES Of ATURALIlATXON IF UwJ CITttEN AND LOCATtON 'THlS INFORMATION IS APP AR NTLY REQUESTED EVEN THOUGH MATTER OF RECURD TH SUBJECT EMP OY E AND SPOUSE AR OF SPOOSE • IT IS A 80TH ·UgR'g CnnENS-• THE PRESENT DISSENT IS· DIRfCTEO AGAINST THE PDf 1C Y OF REQUI-RING ·SUCH ·INFORMA nON ON THE FACE' 'x'T LIS'f MAKING OF U Se CITIZENS HU ARt FOREIGN BORN SMACKS OF INVIDIOUS OISCRXMINATION v ANYONE MAKINli ' UP L·UTS I IKE THAT HAS THE I UROEN TO EXPLAIN THE REASON POR IT ' HFREfORE AIO W WAS REQUESTED BY RE D TO Glva JHE kEASQN WHY SUCH NFORMATION WAS CAL EO FOR BECAUSE THE MANUAL ORDER CITEU IN REF'g' 8 DO OT MAKE CLEAR THE REASON FOR IT 8 THE Rt SPONSe WAS OF ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' v o ·1 l q ' 'G • ' Department of State TELEGRAM UNCL AS5IFIEO RAGE· 02 R YAOUND ·01816' C A 1· S121 Z· NONRRESPONSE A• L S' MAKING OF DIREC' HIRE' FOREIGN eaRN u C1T1Z NS ANU spnUSE ' t$ OBJECTI0NAaL UN ESS 'THERE ·IS· SOME' EGliIM4TE REAsON FORI IT • -THe'·PURPOSE' BEH·IND REF • B SHOULD 6E INVESTIGATED r O nElr ERMtNE'ITS LEGITIMACY II IF · IT IS L EGITIMATE AID W EMP-LQV EES AR ··ENTlt ED TO 'PROPER XPLANATION WHEN BEING CALLED UPON PRr 'IVIDE' SUr H INFORMA Tl ON NO' 06JfCT ON IS BEING RAISED TO THE PRINCIPLE· OF·ASKING AN EMPLO'fEE · SUCH QUESTIONS' Ott AN EMPI OYMENT QUE5TIONNAIR ASKING r -XTIZENSHIP' 'PLACE AND DATE' OF ·BIR·TI' IS STANDARO PRACTICE· IT IS tHE APPARENT COMPILATION OF A rST OF FOREIGN 60R U SI r lTlZENS WHICH AT FI RST BI USH SEEMS OUT OF 60UNOS UNI ESS THffHi tS SOME AOEQUATE JUST IFICA nON II 'THE PERt'lISS I BI E OISTt NCTI'ON V'I R ATMENT OF NATU A eaRN UgS Q CITIZENS AND NATURALIZED CIT1ZEW HAVE BECOME FEWER OVER THE YEARS TO THE POINT WHERE ONE CAN' I ' U STION THE LEGITIMACV OF SUCH A RE UEST HOMRE AS IN REFa B ' I' UNCI ASSIFIEO FORM S·Ge OS l GS2 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980113 Date 09 12 2017 I 'I f- I' 50 ACnON SP Ql3 NFO' 'Oc r rH S 02 1 006' W ' 9 g H'l 1UN 14 AM MS45SY T AV1V 0 SEC9TAT WA HnC 2r8 R' FM RELEASE IN PART 861 1 1MITt O OFF'IC Al USE TEl AVIV 33P OI SENi F CHl NNt t 110521 N A TAns I 1 410 E AGR U RURJt IS AEL 'S PI 1915 PI ' 480 TITI Y REGlI IWEMENT5 REF A TEL' AVIV 26 8 8 TI I ' AVIV 306 i I '# •• f r OL LO lUNG REPRESENTS r 'lSSEN'UNG VIEWS SEE REF 8 01 1 1 I L - - - - - - - - ' '2' ' x ap t rltVE' HBASSY S OR'IU HAlt'PROPOSAI tREF Al WAS SOUNDLY ·'ro EXTItNT fHAi I'SRAEl 'S SECUR nv slTUATION REQUIRES USG· P'INANC UL ·ASSIsT'ANce· ANo %T' UNQUEsTtONA8L Y DOES H1L'iT RY G eDlT ANn' SUPPOti TING ASSIST ANC 'ARE ' APPROP l ATE USG HAS SEEN GENEROUS wI WnUS 410 AND WIL' U'NOOiJSTE'OI V' CONT-INUE T'O BE SO A8 FOR · 8A EIl' ern 'EcnNOM rCt As'S STANCE CESP EC ALL Y PL i I SRAEL I s lNCREU'XN t ' PRr lSPEfUTY HAS PROGRESSIVELY tRClDED ISRAEL ' S CASe OUH PL 4thr AS I'STANCE IS MORE URGENTL Y NEEDED BY COUNTRIES WITH QNE FIfTH OF ISRAEL $'Pf C PlrA_GNP KEATING' ' ' - - LlM1T O OfFICIA e u __ __ _ 'V1· USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980116 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 Depart1J2ent -' - - - ' '''- PAnE 01 -R0 PRETOR 026e7 28154 5Z RELEASE IN PART BS • ACYlON· SP a3 N O· OCT-01 ES 0 ' 10015 W ••••••••••••••••••••••• '61509% JUN 'A 011181 'PM AMEM6ASSY RETORIA SECSTATE W SHOC 0138 'lN O USIA WASHoe 'TO e j 1'4 lee H T Ie to PRETORIA 286 1 n 11652i GOS 'TAf Si OECX SF URJI DISSENT MESSAGE nl clSENT CHANNEL 'REFr A PRETORIA 266 ' 6' PRETORIA 2787 'STATE' FORI AF CU AP· LJStA FORI tAA I Ce 'THIS MFSSAGE TRANSMIlS A DISSENTING VIEW _ SU8MITTE 6Y 86 'h NIH S OULO BE REQU REO AS MATTER OF PUBLIC POL lCY 'TO SHOW THAT 'PO TOOCTORAL FELLOWIH1PS OESCRIBED IN REFTEL A AWARDEO WITHOUT IAL· D SCR MINATION RACrA COMPOstTtQN OF SELECTION 'CUMMITTEE O ITIVE PROOF THEIR EFFORTS MAKE AWARE SCIENTISTS ALL RACIAL ' nups AVAILA8ILITV SUCH AWARDS RACIAL BREAKDOWN APP CATIONS RECEIVED AND AWA DS MADE A L OF WHICH POST UNAWARE ARE RE EVANT 'leTS IN OETERMINING IF'THIS PROGRAM FREE ROM RACI LLY DIS eR'MtN4TORV PRACTleES t A STRONGER PUBl IC STANCE THAN DESCRIBED REFTEI B RE PA SPORT REFUSA S MORE CONSONANT W TH CULTURAL f CHANGE POL cy AS ARTICULATED TO DEMONSTRATE SYMPATHY AND SUPPORT FOR HAVE-riOT AjORITY Al ONG FOLLOWING LINES 3' P E SEHIFIBEI4T1 b 7' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' - r Department of State i @ M --_ - - eer4F t EN'I AI PAr E 02' PRETOR 02867 281 54 5Z 86 M AS8VhOEEPLY REGRETS REFUSAL PASSPORTS I 0 UT STAN 0 IN G LEA 0 ERS THE I R RE$ PEe T - I- 7v--- -C - OC- -MM-U-N - IT I E - -S- IN EFFORTS TO KEEP LINES OF C'OMMUNICAT'IONS OPEN 'WITH SOUTH ·A'RICA ANO TO ENABLE INTERESTED AMERICANS TO BETTER UNDE STANO CONTEHPORARV StTUAT ON' IN SOUTH AFRICA AMERICAN GOVERNMENT INV TED CRITICS- AS WEL AS ADVOCATES OF SAG POLICIES TO TAKE PART IN EXCHANGE' PROGR AMS WHENEVER- CR IT xes OF GOVERNMEN T 'POLIC fS ARE NOT ALLOWEO ·TRAVEJ OUTSIDE COUNTRY -TH S OENtES AMERICAN PUBLIC SPECTRUM OPINION EGAROING SOUTH AFRICA ANO MAKES DIFFICULT POR AMERICAN GOVERNMENT'MAINTAIN OPEN DOOR 'POLICV TOWAROS SOUTH AFRICA WE REGRET ALSO THAT lNOIVIUUALS INVOLVEn NOT ENTITLED HAVE REASONS FOR REFUSALS OR DAY IN COURT TO BRING OUi FACTS AND DETERMINE IF SAG ACTED IN ARNITRARy MANNER WHICH ARE fUNDAMENTAL TO AMERICAN CONST TUTIONAL PRACTICE AS WELL AS 'TO UNIVERSAL PRINCIP I E SHOULO 86 AT SOME rUTURE DAT PASSPORTSI I I BE GRANTED UNITED STATES OF AMERICA STANOS REAUY RE-NEW OUR INVITATION VISIT OUR COUNTRY WHERE THEY WII L Bf II -- J 7 MADE MOST WEL COME 'HU O eSIlFUiUTI 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980122 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 I Departn2e12t Of State IRELEASE IN PART BS eer4 IeeNT i PRETOR 02PH PAI'-lE 01 Abo '111 02112 1lZ ·11$3 ACTION SPAA3 INFO OCr- 'l ES 1R 02' 006· W m 8A8 JUL 14 FH AMtMaA SY PRETORIA 21053Z • • • • • D • • • U ·g· TO SECSTATE WASHoe 0160 t NFO us 1 A WASHoe e' fq I' 'J F I I SENT E O oE 14 T 0 L PRETOR IA 2911 eHANNt L URJr U652a GDS OEXC p SF OISSENT MESSAGE EF PRETORIA 281 1' AND TAr-52 2787 o '·1 a I REFER TO DISSENT 'CHANNEL MESSAGE P ETORIA 857' RELATING TO THE EXCHANGE B6 VISITOR PROGRAM IN WH CH HE TA ES ISSUE WITH CERTAIN D eISIONS ON THIS PROGRAM WHtCH I HAD PERSONA LY APPROVEO e '-8 IT' C RT4 N Y NEEOS NO DEMONSTRATION SOIlTH AFRICA IS iO USE THE OFTIIIQUOTED ABWORRENCE OF AP RTHEIO AN THE RACIAL SOflTH AFRICAN REG ME WE HAVE SAID SO L U LSg r SHARE WITHI I HIS Q r OVERNMENTls POL ICV v AND I THAT OUR POLICY TOWARD PHRASE O E OF' POLIC ES OF THE PRESENT MANY nME5 AT MANY OIS IK OF THIS AM OF COURSE FULI Y AWARE· OF THe MORAL DILEMMAS THAi OUR OWN POLICIES PRESENT IN THEIR ACTUAl rMPLEMENTATION WE CAN'THR W UP OUR HANOS AND WALK AWAY FRnM THE lLL1 ERALITV OF THE RESENT GOVERNMENT OR WE CAN I EF 'P HAMME I JG AWAV AT n SEEl ING CH'ANGE FOR THE BETTER STF P BY STEPQ SIN·Ce WE CONUNU·E TO MAINTAIN FULL FORMAk nIF OMA IC TH a RE AT UNS ONE THE USG HAS FROM THIS wITH SOUTH FRICA THE LATTER COURSE IS ELECTEO TO FOLLOW WIS LY HIGH LEVEL DECISION FLOWS A NEED FOR ME TO TAKE M O'ACCOUNT A WIDE RANGE OF POSSIBL E ACTIONS WE INT ND S9t1FiBEUTUI UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' It · - - r l· t x ' f 1ot ·i ' •• ' Departnze1zt Of State l lrp £ Mffl U ' i ' Ii I ' · ' ' 1 H ' W I' lil t g IF SENTIAt PAr E 02 PRETOR 02911 02l120Z TO KEEP THP € r H NGE VISITOR PROGRAM ON A PREOOM NENT Y B ACK HUI TIMRACIAL 6' S I THINK IT IS IMPORTANT TO PLACE MPHASIS ON THE NE OS OF SOUTH AFRICA'S PO ITICALLY UNREPRES NTEO -MAJORITY BUT AT THE SAME Tl E TO TRY TO INFLUENCE IMPORTANT MEMBERS OF THE RULING WHIT MINORITY WHICH CONTINUES TO 'PLAY SUr H AN IMPORTANT PART IN DETERMINING THE PACE' ANO EXTENT nf CHANGE IN SOUTH AFRICAQ WE HAVE PURSUED THIS TWO PRONGED nt3 J CT VE WliH THE FUL L KNOWLEDGE OF THE SAG WHICH WHILE 'HAvING SOME HEART6URN HAS GENERALLY NOT INTERFERED WITH WHAT wE HAV DONE • AT THE SAM TIME THE SAG'S PASSPORT REFUSALS POR CERTAIN INnIYIOUAlS CONSIDEHEO ACTUALLV OR POTENTIALLY SUaVER IVE REMAIN A NEAL PROBLEMa WE MIGHT ANO DO DISAGREE THAN AN NnIVZDU4L MAY BE SUBVERSIV BUT 'THE SAG AS A MATTER OF SE UR1TY PO ICY ADAMANTLY REFUSES TO G1VE SRECIFIC GROUNDS 'O SUCH FUSALSg IF THE SAG SAYS IT HAS ADVERSE SECURITY N ORhATION ON SUCH AN INOIVIOUAL NO AMOUNT OF USG FOOTa TnMPING WILL ALTER ITS DECISION THE SAQ WILL STAND ON ' TR RIGHT AS THE GOVERNMENT OF A SOVEREIGN STATE TO REFUSE TO IS5U A PASSPORT TO ONE OF ITS CITIZENS IN MY OPINION 'IF WE INVEIGH AGAINST THEIR ATTITUDE ON 'f HIS MATTER WITH NO CHANG OF ALT lN IT WE COULD DAMAGE' TH PROSPECTS OF OTHeR BLACK IVP NOMINEES o ' ' lw SIl' MOR OVt R BECAUSE OF' THE CONF OENTIAl rn OF THE EXCHANGE REPORTEO IN P TORIA 2787 SUCH ACTION COULD WEL BE T·'T E CO T OF 4 VALUA Le HIGH-LEVeL CHANNEL OF COMMUNICArrON IN Llr Hr' OF THE ABOVE I CANNOT AGREE WITH ISSUING THE KIND OF T ATEMI Ni TPiAT I 1AOVOCAT S - ' B6 TH EHbASSYiS MEASURED APPROVAL OF THE NIH-PROPOSED eA DIO TES WAS TRANSMITTED WITH FU L REGARD TO THE EXTREMELY HnRj LEAD TIME FOR A RESPONSE AND wE- ·j'AD NO REASON TO na ECT TO THOSE CANDIDATES AS INDIVIDUALS EACHOF WHOM APPEARfO 'TO HAVE BEEN WELL QUA IrIEO IN THE COMING YEAR WE LOOK ' FORWARD TO WOHKING WITH NIH CONCERNING THE MANNER IN WHICH TH SOUTH 'FRICAN SEL CTION PROCESS WORKS SO AS TO ASSURE THAT OUR PO ICtES RECEIVE THEIR DUE ECOGNITION IN CANDIDATE AE ECTIONIj HURO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980126 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 SollJ • Department 0 State TELEGRAM RELEAS IN PART BS 'PAGE 01 ·STAtE 1-63349' 0 OR · rN INFO ·SPIw03· OCr 01 'E8-02 ' 006 'R DRAFTED 'BY C FiJQWEstHOR L NDIROGi APPROVED' BY CU I JR%CHARDSON CU AF ' 'WBEDHONoaON AF S·w HKAISER ORAFT' USfA IAA • 'JMCGINI 'Ey· CDRA ' ' - • - • • I' ' REFERRED FOR CONSULTATION NIHl US%A AA MBEMJ EN· DIUF'i' s p HSPIRO ' ORAFT S 5 MR g L 'M· AF' JFOLE¥ ' ORAFT' S P OFP • RSMtTH ' DRAFT ' ••••••••••••••••••••• '262222 JUL· FM SECSTATE' WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY PRETORIA 'PRIORITY e 8 IJ'F e e 00 266· N 'T ' L $T4TE 1 63349' otSSENT' CHANNEI I E g O' jU6152 ' OOS' 'T AGSIll' OEXC' SF SUBUEC'lDlSS NT M SSAGE' 'REF 'PRETOR A 1288 ' '2 1 t is i T f '· lA66 u' 1 AFTER 'REVIEWING' ' REf QRiA REFT ELS AND ASSOCIATED DoeUMENTS T E O PARTM NT' eECIEVE8 ·ftofA r' 'THEl'DEC'1SU N NOT TO ISSUE· A 'PUBl STATEMeNT ' IN 'RESPONSE TO' ·TtojE S G t·s REFUSAL' OF 'P 'SSPORrrS 'TO THREEi NON WHnE IV GRANTEE ' WAS' APPROPRlAT E· 'UNOER 'THE··C· RCUMST lNCE5 g 'usu CONeURS re '2 CU PROGRA lN · OUT ' pjXCA 'HAS UNOERGON ·SIGNI'ICANT EXFANSION ·OURING -PAST' TWO ·F ISCAL· YEARS ·GROWING 'ROH MODEST PROGRAM IN 'FY 72' 'TO- lONE OF 'THE L'ARGEST' IN AFRICA IN P'Y ' '4· ANO· 'O E' THAT·· APPROPRXATEt ¥ ·CONCENTRATES· APPROXIMATE V 'a 3' ·OF XTS'RESOURCES ON BLACK' COI DRED AND eeNF Ab -'t i I I _ I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 Department of State-'TElEGRAM ee' F el Un Icl i 'PAGE 02' ST T E· HI 5 SA9' f MPHAS IS ON 'NON-WHirf ' SR· N1 e ES CERT AI-Nl ' JHAS 'NOt GONE' UNNOTI ceD' '8 Y THE' SAG' GIVEN' THE oeCA 810NAl ' 'DtSP' 6ASURF ' AND· 'P ERHAPS pPReHEN8toN 8UCH EMPHA818 iMUST' GENERATE 'THE' RELATIVEI · I TTI E INTERF RENCE ON TH 'PAR1' IOF ''l'iHE ' SAG'' t8· NO TABl E'1I ' J' 'ESPEC1AL Lv ' WHEN VU WED AIUJNST THIS fUCKGROUND WEi ' '1Hl NK 'THE ' os r I S 'TWo 'MAX·N ' OtNT-S ARE WEL l I'T AKEN NAMELY · ·'tMAT· A 'P BL tc'· e P RESStON' OF'jU REGR T' AT T HtS· P01NT J·N 'n E 'COUI O ENDANoeR' A '·H1H H L EVEI ' CHANNELilOF COHMUNlCATtONI PARTrCUI ARl Y AFTER INTERt'OR 'MINISTER MUI JOER 'TOOKl'THE XN1TUTIVE PER$ONALt Y'TO ASSURE 'THE AMBASSADOR'THAT T HE' SAG' 'WAS' iNOT' ATTEMPTING 'TO fUNOERMINE 'THE' 'P ROGRAM Se CONOL Y we AGREE 'THAT 'TH£RE 'IS · A GENUINE R15K' 'OP PROYOKING' SAG 'RE ALUT ON IN 'PREIle NT1NG IFumURE NON WHItE GRANTEES 'PROM PARTtC PATING IN 'THE'·PROGRAM 4 G tHE REPUSAL 'OF'·1HE· PASSPORTS ·COUL D OF' COURSE 'CDNSTITUtE SAG INTERFERENCE IN EXCHANGE ROGRAM OEsPtTE' 'rHE'XR OENIAI S' THAT 'TH1S'IWA5' NOT ·INTENDED g SAG ACTIONS IN 'THIS AREA WILL BEAR C OSE 'WATCHING TO SEE IF· THEY DEVELO INTO PATTERN OF ATT EMPftNG 'TO FRUSTRATE' THE '08JECTtVES·'OF- ''l'HE PROGRAM D 'IF SUCH A ' AlTERN DOES EMERG ' A 'THOROUGH' ' ASSESSMENT' IN OVER'AL l CONTEXT' OF OUR REL ATIONS WITH ' SOUTH APR1CA WOUl D ' B f'fN·'OROER QUEST' ON' 'iMp L erT 'THE 'D' ME SAGE' '% ' ' 'SO 'THE 'POLICV IN WHETHER' 'THE 'US 2' SHOULD' NOT' 8 P I A Y NG' A STRONGER ADVERSARV ROLE 'WHE CON' ONTED' WITH' THE SAG ' S RESTRICTtVE ' OL rcu s' 'THl$ 'QUESTION IS UNDER CONT NUOUS REVIEW AND DIscussrON -tN THE'iDEPARTMENT'1I BUT' IN 'THIS 'PARr CULAR CAS WE eEL T HAT VXGOROUSl 'PUSHING AHEAD' 'WIYH THf'·Op R nON OF' A 'PROGRA ofHrCH IS 4 'TANGIB E ' 'EXP RESS l'ON OF 'OUR 'OE$ tRE TP ' MA tNTA IN COMMUNICATtONS' ·WITH· ALL' SOUTH' AJiFUCANS HLL'l Et Y 'fO 'SE MOREpPRODUCTIVE HAN A 'PROVOCATIVE CR ITICAI STATEM NT AT' lHtS TIM 'II 6 g REGARDING QUES1 10N' OF iNI 'F ELL OWSHIPS 'THE OEPA TM NT APPREC' ATES 'v XEWS eXPRES$ O ' tN 80TH' 'PRE r'ORIA ' 28e7 NDe911 SXNCE 'Nt'H 'PROGRAM 'U IN 'F ACT A COHPETITION OEP ARTMENT' •• 0 • _ • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 Department o State TELEGRAM eeNF BENTI ALi PAGE 03 ST T E' '1'6 349' AGREES 'THAT ACCESS 'ToO eOMPEftTiON AND OPPORTtUNITY 'FOR' ·F INAL S ECTrON SHOU D BE PEN ALL QUA IFXED' P ERSONS WIT HOUf REGARD TO RACE BESr' EANS 'OF CQOMPI t-SH'ING· GENUI NEL Y NOND%SCRIMINATORV SEI EertoN' ANI MAJ lNG 'TH rS CLE RL V ·BUT' NOFF ENSrv£L 'I vrDENT· ·TO' ALL U' MATTER FOR CAREF Ul i CONSI'DERATION' 'IN t GHT ·OF' 'Nt'H' 'PROGRAM 'OBJECTIVES I NorVIOUAl ' CDUtH'R'I' CfROUMST'ANCES AND' U 'S FOREI'GN P'OLtCV DEPARTMENT' WILL EXP L DRE'I MATTER FURtHER ·WITH· NIH AND 'f EEP MBASSV AND 'CAO ADVfSED INGERSOLL' 'TO to FORM 05 1652 D 66 n '1 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artmentof State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128 Date 09 12 2017 noto ·Oe·T aU TfD ' a8 0 a Si R BV 'CU ' Ja 1MriRELANDIDRG 'RQV 2 I 'tU M t r Ttr ORELANO 2 rR D' nl Ttl U'rDN O f Ul iS a lli i 6 e A le 8Af 5 S S PaCFP a M emaaWgm 055299 f ' $1 UH 2't 'J'UL 1 tt SeCSTATt KDC AKI I Y PR A P io tTY 'i I Q r u t 1 SSENT' 'CHAN Eilll i ' STATE 168SmS III i i i £0'0 11 1181521 GDS TAG8 'OE C SF SUBJECT' REF DISSENT'MESSAGEi STATE· 1 e3349 CORRECTION - PARAGRAPH 2' REF EL SHO UL D' SE 'CORREC fED TO READ · AS FOLI OWS IN SOVT ' AF leA HAS··UNDERGONE ·SlGNtF ICANT ·P AST····TWO ·F·neAL' VEARS · GROWING' ·Il'ROM· t 100EST' PRO RAM IN· '''' 12· 'TO IO E ·OF ·THE· LARGEST IN AFR7CA IN ··FY· 1ikAND iONE· 'THiT' APPROPRI T LY 'CONCENTRATES AP RO rHAi'E Y '2 ··O' XtS R SOU CE8 ON BLACK· COL ORED ·AND ASUN 'COMMUNtTtES'o 8UCH' EXP ANUON AND T HE lMPOR1AN·T MPH4Srs ON' NON siWH T · GR N'r EES ·C RTAtNL Y 'HAS NOT ·GONE UNNOTICED BY 'THE SAG G VEN THE oecAStONAL IDISp I E aUR ··ANO 'PERHAPS APPREHENSION aUCH ' HPHASXS MUST' GENERATE 'ToHE RELATIVEL Y· ' · TTI E ·XN'r e R EFH NCE ON THE PART OF' THE 'SAG 'XS NOTABLE KISSINGER ·a·o CU' 'PROGRAM 'EXP NS tON ·DU ING· UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980128' Date 09 12 2017 U NCLASS IFI E D S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 121200 ' L l l S LR'BUT'ON· 2 - F il m@ °t r lOO g - S m Original to be filed In EUR FE Ne A CU INR E P 10 HANDLING INDICATOR -t 'o -II-- TO L Feo AID Decentraliud File5 Department of State 11' 6StlEIBfPiIIAI 5 t AGR CO¥ FRe INT L4e TAR TFl XMB AIR ARMY NA VY 050 USIA NS t CIA FROM t1 E • C ' 1 t t f IEP RTHr rr DF ' A-442 I NO sua Note Mi b' S£P'5 4 33PH 9Nreturn o F 0 H '' I U t HT A NAL' o l ' ' 4j • Amembassy BELGRADE ' ' Oi ssent Message SUBJECT REF WRIS ' t tUt ' E O' 11652 ADS OECLAS 3 1 7 TAGS AMGT VS I '1 FILE DESIGNATION p e lss _ 7- DATE September 2 1974 IRELEASE IN PART Bel DISSENT CHANNEL l 861 r This message transmits a dissrting view' submitted by I I SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION POST R UT II« TO Action Info AMe'l POL ECON CONS SUMMARY A consistent distortion of the flow of foreign service reporting from Vietnam exists and is serious enough to call into question the Department's ability to reach any policy decisions based on this reporting END SUMMARY The war in Vietnam has been accused of much adverse influence on American society It is my belief that while the war has declined and much of this influence has disappeared its effects continue on the Foreign Service and the Department I have concluded on the ba is of my xperience and talks with' other FSOs in V ietnam that there were frequent significant omissions from the reporting to Washington to which I had access furthennore • the language of the reporting that did ga out to Washington was frequently slanted toward one interpretation of events What r describe amounts to in my opinion a consistent distortion of the whole body of reporting from the Embassy to the Department In my judgment the distortion may be enough to 410 USIS Fl E Acfiotl Inillalo American Embassy Belgrade I have recently completed a six-month TOY· in Vietnam During that period I served as a political reporting officer in the Consulates General in Can Tho and Nha Trang I had access to a considerable proportion of reporting from the Consulates General to Saigon and from ajgon to Washington I myself prepared some of these reports PO OCM ' 2 Token Dare -------------- ' 6'M ·S 3 In Iol O L SAt ' i DIalled by Cleargne a$ UNCLASSIFIED U S I eBUFf6ElffIltLj tIMDIS For I ling Llale rnon NO' O porlmenl Us Only - DIn lconl n s and ific allon Approved by I DCM OfIMll1er of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 0 Out 86 0 12634 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 ' ee'fFIBEfffIALtL IMflI3 Page 2 of A-442 Belgrade seriously call into question the Department's ability to reach any policy decision based on this reporting This distortion manifested itself in many individually insignificant instances For example in the report I drafted on the Four-Party ICCS investigation of the Cai lay School mortaring in March 1974 I indicated a strong suspicion that local GVN officials had permitted or even planned the demonstration which brought the inVestigation to an abrupt end Some revisions were made to this section in the Consulate General in Can Tho softening the wording but leaving the meaning essentially intact in CAN THO 0113 When-the Embassy relayed the report to Washington the section was deleted entirely Some weeks later the Embassy sent a follow-up telegram summarizing the incident which asserted among other things that the South Vietnamese spared no effort to ensure the success of the investigation This ignored the Consulate General's analysis This analysis--my analysis--was based on a long-standing acquaintance with the GVN officials involved and thorough familiarity with the security arrangements for the investigation as well as on eyewitness accounts gathered by another TOY FSO My acquaintance with local officials was established during my service as a CORDS adViser in Dinh Tuong Province in which Cai Lay is located from 1970 to 1972 My knowledge of security arrangements for the investigation was based on a number of long discussions with concerned district and province officials and with members of the GVN delegation to the JMC as well as on two walks through Cai Lay District Town ane just before and one during the investigation to actually observe security precautions The Embassy decided on an interpretation diametrically opposite to my own I For a second example in preparing the Weekly Ceasefire Situation Report for II Corps in the Consulate General in Nha Trang I was under instructions from the Acting Consul General to de-emphasize events which were or could be interpreted as GVN ceasefire Violations These instructio ns ' lJade it necessary for me to note at one point for example 'intensified action in the Eo Gio area of Kontum Province instead of reporting the actual division-sized GVN attack on NVA lines northeast of Kon tum City Again in reporting from Nha Trang I was told to describe a eries of operations by GVN units 'as taking place in unpopulated areas 'adjacent to populated areas in one coastal province These were ctually·deep penetrations into Communist base areas from which VC NVA units- ad been launching raids But this latter description I was told could be interpreted as a South Vietnamese ceasefire violation ll eetlFIBEUTH L l fl'lfnS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart 1ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 6QNFIBEN'fIALfLIMBIS Page 3 of A-442 Belgrade Ageneral factor determining the shaping of all reporting wa the tendency by higher-level officers to accept optimistic appraisals at face value but to demand careful documentation of any unfavor able statement I can cite other examples of systematic alterations in reporting in my own experience as well as examples from other FSOs with Vietnam service I can also note the Moose-Meissner report to the Senate Foreign Relations Committee which I have not read but whose conclusions as reported by the International Herald Tribune seem quite correct There are a number of explanations which'ar ' advanced among Foreign Service Officers in Vietnam to account for such instances as the above One was that the Embassy reporting to which we lower-level officers had access was designed for the lower levels of the Oepartment where most leaks to the press occur According to this theory the most highly classified reporting included a large part of what we saw camouflaged or omitted in lower-level reporting Thus the Ambassador might attempt to avoid press leaks which would harm the South Vietnamese position A second explanation seems more reasonable that the Ambassador directs the content and tone of reporting- to Wa'shington on the basis of his own determination as to what should be reported This occurs to some extent in every foreign service post as an obvious derivation of the Ambassador'sposition as the head of the US mission But this factor becomes harmful when the Ambassador's determination results in the exclusion of a coherent body of information that is when it re sults in a substantial distortion of the entire flow of reporting available to the Department from his post The existence of a substantial flow of distorted information to the Department has serious' effects on two levels in my opinion On the institutional level it can only harm the Department's efforts to maintain an influential position in foreign policy management On a personal level it'wastes the· services of· the Foreign Service Officers assigned to deal with it Furthermore it is a direct attack on both the morale and the integrity of the officers requ 'red to participate in its production The question of the content of the Ambassadorts personal communication with the SecretariV-'of State s relevant here If this communication adds the dimension that was lacking Re communications to which I had access the detrimental effects on policy of lower-level distortion eettnBEtlTIAL LlHBIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 e6NfIBE 'iTfAllL IPfBIS Page 4 of A-442 Belgrade would not be as severe But these effects continue on material produced by levels of the Department which do not have access to this communication The effects on the individual Foreign Service Officers required to deal with distorted reporting are just as serious as they are if no Ambassador-to-Secretary communication is taking place I use general terms here because I suspect that similar situations have existed in reporting from other missions though perhaps none as serious or as long-lasting as Vietnam To correct this situation I strongly urge that the Department reaffirm to all posts its commitment to insuring an accurate flow of reporting from the field This commitment would be made most clear in a message Similar to the following liThe Department wishes to remind each Head of Mission that it is his responsibility to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the flow of reporting from his mission to the Department If in the judgment of the Secretary of State this responsibility is not fulfilled and significant shortcomings are found to exist in reporting to the Department through the fault of the Embassy the Chiefs of Mission and senior Foreign Service Officers of the mission are reminded that this is sufficient reason to recommend or effect their censure and or removal from post This flow of reporting must include as 'a matter of course dissenting views of any significance from members of the mission staff The inclusion of these dissenting views is the responsibility of the Chief of Mission and of the senior Foreign Service Officers of the mission II I further recommend that the Department form a panel of FSOs to investigate cases where substantial inaccuracies may exist in Foreign Service reporting The panel which would be constituted at regular two-to'three year intervals or as special occasions arise would consist of a small number of officers including junior and middle-grade of ficers The Under Secretary'would designate at the time the' panel is constituted a list of posts from which reporting is most critical and or posts where ther is a controversy regarding reporting At present for example such a l ist might include Greece Cyprus Turkey Vietnam and any qr all of the countries involved in the Arab-Israeli confrontation On reaching a finding that there are shortGomings in a post's ' reporting through the fault of the post the panel will recommend action to the Under Secretary of State The Under Secretary will then contact the Ambassador and other officers concerned and in the presence of the panel request their answer to the charges made When the e9t4FIBEWfIAL LlP1BIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 eertFIBElff IAL L me IS Page 5 of A-442 Belgrade Under Secretary reaches a decision in the matter he will transmit his decision and recommendation for action along with a transcript of the inquiry proceedings to the Secretary of State A finding of neglect will include recommendations for censure and or removal of the responsible officers If the Secretary does not concur in the finding • the procedure ends If he does concur he will forward any recommendations for censure or dismissal of an Ambassador to the President for his action Action against lower ranking officers will be the responsibility of the Secretary of State I have designed this procedure with consideration to the regular system of inspections as a useful and necessary supplement I specifically recommend that such a panel be constituted immediately to inVestigate the accuracy of political reporting from the US Mission to the Republic of Vietnam Specific attention should be paid to reporting of military actions possible South Vietnamese ceasefire vio lations instances of corruption and any other occurrences which might be seen as reflecting adversely on the South Vietnamese effort In view of the demonstrated interest of the Senate Committee on Foreign Relations in this matter and with a view toward maximizing the Department's creQibility with Congress ' I further strongly urge that the Committee be kept informed of the progress of this inquiry I request distribution of this message to be made to the Deputy Under Secretary of State for Management the Director General of the Foreign Service the Inspector General and the Chairman of the Secretary's Open Forum Panel in additiol to the minimum distribution in State 86 A-3592 May 2 1974 Signed I TOON SQNFIBEWfl L LIHBIS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980139 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 ORIGIN'AC TlON S- r'RS' EUR INR I 2 REr AF ARA 6 NE CU E P 10 FBO AID SY Utii O TT lOO SVf U39 Original to be Filed il ' UNCLASSIFIED INrO DEPT PASS AGR COM FRB INT L B T 'R TR XMB AIR AR 'IY NAVY OSD USIA NSA CIA DOT ---- --_ -- -- FROM r r DfC2l I D7fiIf1q ' '·i- ''' 'i·· ' r ' l t-L U ' RELEASE IN PART BS II - r America'n Embassy Saigon c ' ' V DATE ' ' Ir'r J' ' yJ 1 ' December 17 ' 9 74 'Y V' Ill ll f Dissent Message REF A Belgrade A-442 B State 225131 C State 260551 D State 260507 r He W 1 I have not until now I found time to look seriously at Belgrade 1 s A-442 the text of which was forwarded to me in ' ' Ref A and the Departmentls response contained in Ref B Now that I Ihas again raised the question in Ref C and the' Department has again responded in Ref D perhaps a few comments from me might be useful 86 2 I had a copy of I Ime ssage for some time before I received it officially on October 22 1974 • Its substance is of course a most serious charge against the most valued item any diplomat can carry in his professional baggage - his reputation for total professional integrity and his competence o insure that reporting to the pepartment is objective dispasSionate and wholly accurate - l NO SUBJECT SUGGESTEO OISTRf BUTION ' A-255 - ----- ---- ' j Department of State N A AMGT VS E O TAGS 7 l STR SCI s« i HANOLING INDICATOR TO Sill FfLE DESIGNATION I entrolized Files 86 3 Now it is true that I personally have I perhaps an oldfashioned set of values I was taught by my superiors almost three decades ago that the Foreign Service if it was to serve the President the Secretary and the American people as they had a right to demand must have an·internal discipline and cohesion arising from mutual trust and confidence Absorbing that lesson from Jefferson Caffrey Charles Bohlen Jamie Bonbright Theodore Achilles Phillip BonsaI Hugh Fullerton and others it simply would never have occurred to me to file such charges against a fellow officer without confronting him with my suspiCions either personally or by private communication l FORM 3-70 D cfteo E l OS-323 UNCLAS SIFTED L1 AMrs GMartin ek CloarancCts I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 3 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 2 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED and attempting to arrive at a personal judgment only after I had carefully considered what he had to say That is the course l1owed by o jcolleagues in Can Tho But not ODr B6 'B6 4 Nor by those in the Department d1 arged by the Secretary with monitoring his Dissent Channel II • I was J g QiD9_Jh J2 1 2artment w Q respond immediately to me or to any effie_eLSO accus asking for whatever comment he cared to make before the Depart- ment responded It seemed to me that failure to do so would' i violate the most elemental canons of common decenc and fairness t also seeme to me at fallure ta-dO-SP-would-mar k-the D ep ar tment's further descent into the neo-McCarthyism which has already been embraced by a small segment of the so-called e s tigative rePorters of today' s American pre 5S These in turn have also rlfected a tew of the young Foreign Service Officers whose academic exposure took place in the middle' and late sixties with the consequence that as one now retired Service colleague observed many are not only ignorant of history but seem to be wholly innocent of the fact that history exists Fortunately there are only a very few 5 The most charitable comment I can make about the Department's failure to recognize message was in no way a dissent case dealing with policy but an ad hom men attack on t e ntegrity of a fellow officer requiring he be immediately informed was that it was assumed that s 1nce the charges regarding the Embassy report- I ing in the Senate Staff report had been met head on in the July 25 session I had with the Senate Foreign RelatiQns Committee and dts-' p' sed of that since on sUbseguent press inguiry tiH3 Department spokesman was personally authorized by the Secretary to ter' F it completely mfounded i ere fore deemed necessa to go into the substance of comments I ut not to do so is qually unfair to I will come that later to 6 A preliminary comm ent may have some relevance If I had been afraid of such attacks I would not have accepted the Saigon assignJIlent It was totally certain that such attac ks would be as inevitable as they have been on every Chief of this MiSSion for the last fifteen years It is of course essential for those opposed to U S policy in Southeast Asia to attempt to discredit U S Mission reporting UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 B6 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Saigon A-255 Otherwise their principal weapon - propaganda - would be blunted in its attempt to persuade the world that the fighting in Viet-Nam was only an indigeno' s uprising compelled because of the intolerable tyranny of a wholly repressive regime For years Hanoi has vehemently denied that a single North Vietnamese soldier was in the South Hanoi has not deviated from the figure of 200 000 political prisoners for the past fifteen years providing this figure through every media opening it can find Others a s Hanoi well knew would e stabl sh their credibility and objectivity by lowering this figure by v-arying degrees - to 100tOOO by Amnesty International to 40 OOO-60 000 by a Senate Appropriations Sub-Committee and even 500 to 1 500 by the Department All were totally wrong The patient painstaking work of FSO Harry Sizer I and the circulation I helped give his findings has largely demolished the issue in the Congress 7 Again the controvery between the U S Mission and the Saigon based American press is a historical continum since the early sixties when the Buddhist bonzes were carefully programmed for immolation only when the TV cameras were in place Therefore l a continuing controversy could not be avoided if the U S Mission insisted that its reporting should 1 e held to a standard which insisted the American people and the Department had an inalienable right to the whole truth rather than the theatrical distortions still demanded of many Saigon reporters by their editors 8 The third certainty concerned some of the junior officers Many were really innocent of any 'historical perspective most were handicapped by the considerable burden of an erroneous conventional wisdom which they coul q not· possibly escape absorbing from the pervasive propaganda Q ampaign 'of'distortions about Viet-Nam which has flooded Ariierica since the sixties Some few would be certain that as in the Indian allegory of the five blind men and the elephant their partiqllar bu limited exposure to a small sector of Viet-Nam gave them an' access to the revealed truth Therefore r if their perceptive rep·erts·were not accepted as such by their superiors distortion and slanted rep rting had obviously taken place 9 As expected all three have materialized Nevertheless' if United States interests were to be truly served r it would be essential UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 4 Saigon UNC LASSIFIED A-255 to pennit none of them to divert the Mission from rep orting the woole truth As our policy demands that we try to speed up the process of winding up the U S involvement in Viet-Nam in a way that will contribute to not impede the achievement of larger policy goals elsewhere in the world there is an enonnous premium in having the Mission reporting inform Washington with great precision and accuracy of conditions as they really are in Viet-Name A simple exercise in logic establishes there is really not the slightest motive to do otherwise This I have tried to do and I believe with considerable success 10 • When as a result of a New York Times despatch Senator Fulbright wrote the Department which queried me for the facts I decided to answer the Senator directly I might add f am pleasantly surprised to be again able to agree Wit characterization of the New York T mes in his second message The Senator has released the correspondence and it appears in the record of my report to the Committee on Foreign Relations on July § J97 4 It is a revealing bit of correspondence since the staffer who drafted the Senator's letter was also the author of the section of the staff report dealing with Mission reporting The last part of my reply to the Senator's letter sets forth the standards I have set for this Mission's reporting Also in this record are the report of the Senate Staff Study and my comments on the section dealing with the Mission's reporting Thes o re ls are enclosed as Annex A and Annex B for the benefit of who even in his second message is still apparently dea ng Wl press reports rather than original documentarY evidence 86 86' 86 11 Now we come tol It appears from the_attached comments of his supervisors in Can Tho and Nhatrang Annexes C and D ha tthey have C _ l - n s_ ress x g c ' n ver the g G e n p 2r t ngJ nor-E v _ E n_ able to find anyone he_ 1Ea _ y'_ to_w I Q IlI_h p re ed qgnc I1f 9 Q9 lt J1ie yer ll Mi s_ on reporting from Saigon Yet apparently motivated in part from the J version of-the Senate Staff Report appearing in the New York Herald 'fribune I l1e raise g1 E tiQI _in_his_originpl message about-the- ccuracy a in 9I y _9 l _ _ _reporting He repeats these in his second message UnfortW1ately he mentions only three examples which will be discussed later UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 5 Saigon A-255 12 To take I essage in the sequence in which he presented it I would agree with the first paragraph after his summary The effects of the war in Viet 'Nam do continue on the Foreign Service and the Department II The effects are inimical dqngerous in the extreme I both to the interests of the nation but also to the continuing utility of the Department and I most particularly of the Foreign Service I to serve the Pre sident and the Secretary have long contended that both should be the principal instruments for foreign policy analysis for formulating recommendations for policy changes to protect and advance American interests in a constantly evolving and rapidly changing pattern of power relationships I and finally for the overseeing of the execution of the President's foreign policies Such a role is not likely to be afforded either the Department or the Foreign Service unless both can demonstrate a capacity for discipline for dispassionate analYSiS and for total integrity in Foreign Service reporting The latter two qualities dependent on the first must be as remote from personal lIengagement or lIinvolvement as imperfect human beings can possibly manage 13 Therein lies the validation of I pbservation on the continuing adverse effects of IIViet-Nam on the Foreign Service and the Department But not for the reasons he gives Rather l I suggest as long as young Foreign Service Officers and their colleagues in the Department insist that only those items which fit their preconceived conclusions can be reported that those messages which their monopoly of the revealed truth II prove to them are wrong can be leaked to journalists or Congressional critics and as long as their actions are tolerated by their colleagues in the' Service and excused under whatever rubriC by those carrying senior responsibilities in the Department we are in very grave danger that the President and the Secretary will use other mechanisms to carry out the most vital and sensitive parts of their constitutional responsibUites to the nation for the conduct of the nation's foreign affairs Therein lies the real danger both to the Department and to the Foreign Service While young Congressional staffers and young engaged investigative journalists subject to and inevitably and obvi usly 1 I affected by the same flood of distortions about Viet-Nam which II characterized the sixties and still exists may delude themselves that the end justifies the means the Department and the Foreign Service cannot do so and survive UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 6 Saigon UNCLASSIFIED A-255 next 14 In the paragraph I butlines the nature of his responsibilities during his six month temporary assignment on which he bases the conclusions advanced in the following paragraph It is of course very easy to issue sweeping and blanket charges Senator McCarthy was very good at this as well know from a bitter eight year attack for my part in exposing the absurdity of the Cohn-Sehine iiwestigation of USIA in Europe in the early fifties In the end however whE n specifiC J i i facts were demanded to substantiate the sweeping charges the judgment of the Senate about Senator McCarthy is now history 86 'II I I I 15 The first specific instance provided by involve s the fact t at in the reporting of the Cai Lay school mortaring in March The Embassy decided on an interpretation diametrically opposite to my own That is quite true The Embassy determined that lIsuspicion was not supported by either logic or fact Indeed r here was a much stronger logical presumption that the incident was staged by the communist ICCS delegations to rescue their PRG NVA friends from the very sticky public relations situation in which the Cai Lay incident had placed them But since we could not establish hard evidentiary material to substantiate umption we reported neither this presumption norc J suspicion The follow-up cable stated to quote c J II ' • that the South Vietnamese spared no ffort to ensure the success of the investigation T s statement was ·based on several sources It was also logical and credible To one extent I share I pbViOUS bias against the GVN Never has any Government been so inept in handling its external public relations Nevertheless here was the murder of school children by an indiscriminate NVA VC mortar atta·ck He e wa the · rst case where universal horror at the death and maiming of ese innocent children had forced the Hungarians and the Poles to actually participate in a field inv stigation There were powerful incentives for the GVN to make every effort to ensure no untoward incident which could detract from establishing the clear fact that IIPRGH NVA action was· responsible for the death of the children· A s inept as the GVN has often been in getting the truth out they ·are not really stupid enough to play into the hands of their enElI ies A parently fvould also deny the possibility that the Vietnamese might ove the r children enough to have spontaneously protested even though the GVN had as the Embassy reported spared no effort to ensure the g UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 7 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIEP success of the in estigationl The Hungarian and Polish Delega tions Radio Hanoi 'the Budapest press the pRG II T iberation l SUsPicion II Radio and Hanoi's Nhan Dal - all agree with I that local GVN officials had permitted or even planned the demonstrations which brought the investigation to an abrupt end On the basis of be f er evidence accumulated by several elements of the Mission it was concluded that this was not true After a recent thorough review 1 conclude ilia t the Embassy's reporting was solidly based on the evidence ' In this revie w including the log of I Irunning report by telephone I conclude he is a very competent reporter as long 'as he is dealing with facts not his 'llsuspicions II • 86 '7 86 16 In the only two other examples cited b he states 86 he was under instructions from the Acting Consul General in Nhatrang to de-emphasize events which were or could be interpreted as GVN cease-fire violations II Mr Cook his Foreign Service colleague 1 referred to informs me that this is not an accurate statement t tat 1 his instructions were to avoid ambiguities 'and be very cautious with i adjectives and simply describe ao urately what was going on Nhatrang's 0361 of 4 June 1974 written by a s the following jl 86 item I 3 Kontum The push toward Vo Dinh initiatec i by tie 41st and 44th Regiments 24 May has bogged down along lline qros sing Highway 14 twelve kilometers northwest of Kontum City Intense shelling of ARVN units continued with light casualties reported However the operation may be i3 chieving its main objective to draw enemy attention away from 'the isolated outposts of Mang Buk and Ghuong Nghia · No incidents were reported at either location during the week o Minor action continues north and east of Outpost Five 13 kIns northe st of Kontum City 11 17 The two units involved were identified It was assumed Washington readers knew how large a regiment s In any event a full and complete report from DAO was already available to the principals in ·Washington Q UNCLASSIFIED - ··--rr ··· UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 page 8 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED I I 18 The next pnd last incident cited by involves inr- structions he alleges he 'was given lito describe a series of operations by GVN units as taking place 'in unpopulated areas adjacent to populated areas' in one coastal province These were actually deep penetrations into communist base areas from which VelNVA its had been launching raids But this latter descriptiori I was told could be interpreted as a South Vietnamese ceasefire violation II I 19 NO'one remembers this incident or issuing any such instruction verSion since it ip dicated the GVN was not sitting idly by without taking action against areas from which asl Isays Ve NVA units had been launching raids II Here again a full report was already in Washington' from DAO before CJ I report wa s written I would have preferred I 20 I have not had and do not now have the slightest objection to the full and complete description of all military actions which are routinely reported by the DAO and are available to all Washington agencies I have assumed those in Washington who were interested coulddraw their own conclusions I have been less interested in contributing to distortions by forwarding judgments attempting to assess blame to one side or the other for alleged cease-fire violations since a cease-fire has never existed and was not really expected to exist by anyone who was at all familiar with ilie past history of Hanoi's action Even' Mr Moose in the Senate Staff Report on whiChC - -_ places such reliance observed that nla k of respect for the Paris Agreement is so widespread that it is impossible to apportion responsibility for the continued fighting Even in the case of isolated incidents initicH responsibility is invariably lost in cycles of action and reaction II 21 I pass overl Isubsequent paragraphs on the machinery he recommends since its content makes any comment'on its practicality unnecessary I answered the basic issue in my response to Senator Fulbright last January when I said ' 1 I Your last que stion inquired 'what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that' a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Departm'ent ' The answer is of course l none except my integrity And J UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNO LASSIFIED Page 9 Saigon A-255 that on the basis of a forty year record is a complete guarantee Even Mr David Halberstam to whose book The Best and the Brightest you referred at the time Messrs ' Godley Sullivan and I appeared before you for confirmation bears indirect testimony to that fact I am not even mentioned in the book I am told that when asked how I possibly could be omitted he replied that the thrust of the book was to demonstrate that when the military machine started rolling no one could stand in its way Since I had fought bitterly and successfully to keep the Americans totally out of any direct involvement in the Thai insurgency t it would have disproved his thesis to have mentioned me If you will refer to another book Charles Bohlenls Witness to History you will find recorded the precepts for the kind of reporting this Embassy will do Facts carefully researched thoroughly documented reported without adjectives implying a judgment only history can give Even the storY says But the information is still there Since I have been here no report has been either stopped or slanted The officers are beginning to take pride in the fact that our objective is to ensure the most candid objective wholly dispassionate reporting to the Department that has ever come out of this Embassy and reporting which will fully live up to the Bohlen tradition We will report Viet-Nam as it really is successes failures beauty spots and warts Al1d we will not permit ourselves to be swayed from pursuing this goal by anything a once great newspaper may print Nor I I might add by anyone else • I 22 On econd message I have' no comment except to' point out that although in paragraph 4 he states domestic press coverage is itself frequently biased and incomplete •••• New York' Times coverage has been a particular example he uses the same press reports in the very next paragraph to justify his conclusion that my testimony before the Senate Foreign Relations Committe was inaccurate Perhaps if he depended more on original sources the record of the hearings in this easel or a personal interview with me while he was in Viet-Nam which was always av ila l to any UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED Page 10 Sa'igon A-255 PSO who requested one perhaps both his reporting and his conclusions would be more soundly based 86 23 Paragraph six ofl Isecond message perhaps explains why he sought no such interview or as far as I can determine discussed with any of his supervisors while here the enormous distortions that were I according to him taking place The only tentative conclusion I can with great reluctance draw from this paragraph is th 1 I and if we are to believe him others of h s colleagues did not have the courage of their convictions to raise their concerns with_their sUReriors • Ratillu 1he would wait until with OERs safely cked away they would indJJJ g _in Jtuc h Qharges from the safet o£ a Y-ost h al£ way round the world Thatpar graph is the most savage utterly damning self-indictment Lever recall seeing ' r 86 24 The statements made by me before the Senate Foreign Relations qommlttee are the exact truth and had J Ibothered to ask he could have easily so ascertained while he was here 86 J 25 But more troubling is the concept of dissent this paragraph dis e m s to be seeking is not the opportunity f r legitimate and reasoned d i s s ent but li ensed anarchy -tob q engaged in at will with full and c omple te guarantees absolving him from any responsibilities for his actiQn s In twenty-seven years in i the Foreign Service of the forty years I have' spent in the service of the American people r have it seems in retrospect to have been engaged in constant dissent I still am I have given it some thought and offered publicly in 1968 some Reflections on Dissent Haying always asserted my right to dissent I·have always been meticulous in assuring that right to others But I never assumed I could dissent without risk even if I had carefully' prepared a case which would establish my dissent was responsible serious and based on incontrovertible ct With the thought that it just possibly could have some relevance I am attaching a copy of those remarks as Annex E and call attention to the closing ·paragraph 1 plays _What I I 26 I said in the beginningJ_sJ1ared istaste for t Department's responses to him My reasons are obviously different The channel was set up for ·dissent on policy issues according to the communications to the field announcing its creation communications woura not seem tofit-t11e aesc nptton l ------ -J UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 11 Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED communications are 1n reality an att ck on the integrity honesty and competence of a fellow member of the Foreign Service This doesn't bother me p rsonally It has_been tried over the years by far abler antagonists It has been tried this year I am perfectly able to defend myself ' 'and a record of forty years __of total integrity _ ----_ ---- really makes me impervious to this kind of attack As certain politicians have discovered this year the Circulation of distortions about me can have results that are politically disastrous to them But- I am concerned for others that this kind of attack can be widely circulated withOUt prior notice tOtlleOfficer so attacked simply because i s author forwarded it through the Dissent Channel I suggest this is a prostitution of the Secretary's intent when he established the Dissent procedure 27 My other objection centers on the fact that when questioned on the release of the Senate Staff Report the Department spokesman with the personal approval of the Secretary I expressed total cOI lJi dence 1 1 in the integrity of l porti D g 9f l1 e JJ • _S • _Mi§ §io D in_§ aigon Even B6 t e yroc r re m '§'D£ 9 RY1 tLP ar_a gra 1 J 6 of t message contemplates that the Secretary's determination is final - -- '-' P - _ - 28 Tberefore to indicate -- s - • - _ _ ••• _ sip's replies tol Idoes that there is still an OEen question to be resolved by the forthcoming in § 2ection would e nL to imp lYil1 § t_ th§ Jnspectors are better able arrive aLSllc h JLconclusion-than is -the-Becr eta r Y _c IJ implication I i'ather think the Secretary may find both distasteful and absurd to 29 This reply is too long ' If I were concerned only over the attack on me I wo1 lld have ignored it The two Dissent messages and the Department's response ighlight a more important issue The report I wrote for the Foreign Service Association in 1948 published under the title Toward a Modern Diplomacy included an annex on openness of the Service On page 124 of·that small volume there appears the following c Evaluation The real test of openness for the foreign service comes at the policy-making phase when debate is hot and differences are engaged The tendency of policy formulators from desk officers on up to resent outside advice or resist debate is a natural bureaucratic reaction The foreign service must however playa more active role in UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 Page 12 Saigon UNCLASSIFIED A-255 devising new ways to keep debate alive and to support the objectives of those parts of the bureaucracy whose primary function is to question established policy I 30 That report was in and of itself a IIDissent It was done without authority or sanction of the Department and it therefore entailed considerable risk to those who participated in it But we believed what we had to say was important enough to pay the price The Dis sent Channell is a logical outgrowth of that exercise and the subsequent Macomber Task Forces' which it spawned 31 The IIDissent Channel in my opinion is important It should b LPr e s e ryeJ i _It J n9J 11keJy_to -b e if_tho s_e_Qhar gea 15Lth1n3 tary 1 wi onitortI _ l li § __9 91 1 tin ue to p ermit it to_be abus i i t h9 s_ JI en in this case l '-- 32 Th refor § s mJ g § LF 9ce ign_Service _Offic_er sJlavELt h e same rights r the 'disl entll procedur e e v en those_temporarily' detached while serving the President as Chief of Mi ssion l' suggest this messagebe considerect··a cEs·sent -fro ' ll-f T th · f 'ced·m·essageS andb accorqed the - e distributic na s tiiey' received adding'the DJrector of Personnel Tho sagJ _gl 9 J J tt re 2 _are being sent by -me to all Foreign Sexvice Officers in Viet-Nam • -- -- - -- -- - -- - -- --- --- 33 As a matter of fact I have not the slightest objection to whatever wider distribution may be desired including Mr Moose of the Senate Foreign Relations Committee Staff and the press And to ease the slight twinge of conscience which might impede the inclination of some tq 1eak it I am - _--_ _ sending message as IIUnclassified • - -this _ _ - _ _ - -- - ----- 34 The Secretary has already directed that it be publicly announced that the Departirie t Jlg s_ complete confidence in th ' L ntegrity and compj etene-ss I e rep ting If the Saigon Mis sion Lll ee_ told th JJLhorr ible_to be_nibbled_to_de ath b Y_ uc s p lJl when they are your own ducks it is both obscene and ridiculous Therefore having theOiCRashic edi i ·-th· t hi ubordinate -bureaucracy cannot overnile the· secretary -I-c 6nsider-tTie·· matter cio'seer-alid I shalInot address it again --- ----_ _ - MARTIN UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980142 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 @OJ-fU@ RELEASE IN FULL Annex A Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED The Chairman The committee will come to order OPENING STATEMENT We are meeting this afternoon to hear a report from our Ambassador in Viet-Nam Ambassador Graham Martin He has a very long and distinguished career in Foreign Service Earlier this year there appeared an art1cle in the New York Times which was brought to my attention by the staff and prompted me to write a letter to the Secretary of State By way 0 f background for the hearings I think that letter and then a reply from the Ambassador should be put in the record The information referred to follows Hon Henry A Kissinger Secretary 0 f State Washington D C January 24 1974 Dear Mr Secretary I was somewhat disturbed at the article in the January 17 is sue of the New York Time s entitled U S Envoy Runs Tight Saigon Ship Curbs News Strongly BacksThieu II a copy of which is enclosed I hope that the Embassy in Satgon is not going down the same road again that contributed to official U S misperceptions of Viet-Nam in the past--the road of thought control censorship of Emba s sy reporting I lack of contact and communication with the press I have learne from experience that when press accounts to this effect appear from nonnally reliable reporters they usually have some basi's in act· I wonder if you might inquire and let me know what Ambassador Martini s policy is c nceming press contacts bEfhveen American officials in general and with regard to requests for interviews what the Ambassador l s policy 1's with regard to access by members of the press to the Defense Attachels Office and what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Deparbnent From other sources I am aware that sev ral American news UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C 7980143 Date 09 12 2017 3 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 1 1 UNCLASSIFIED Page 2 Annex A' Saigon A-255 organizations have encountered severe difficu ties in maintaining their representation in Viet-Nam Some journalists have been refused extension of their visas and others have been denied admittance • We understand triat the Embassy in Saigon has been of minimal assistance to the U S individ aJ s and organizations involved in these difficulties These reports are a matter of concern to me and I would hope that the Embassy in Saigon would be asked to make every effort to assist the American media in performing its funct ons in South Viet 'Nam Sincerely yours J W Fulbright Chairman From the New York Times Jan 17 1974 U S ENVOY RUNS TIGHT SAIGON SHIP CURBS NEWS STRONGLY BACKS THIEU By James M Markham Saigon South Viet-Nam Jan 16-In Ambassador Graham A Martin's six months in Saigon he has asserted firm control of tie sprawling official American community established a severely restrictive public-information policy and given almost uncritical support to the Gover nment of President Nguyen Van Thieu The 61-year-old career diplomat whose ambassadorial style is reclusive to the point of secretivene'ss rarely ventures outside the white fortresslike e bassy in downtown Saigon Unlike his predecessor Ellsworth Bunker Mr Martin sees only a restricted circle of hig l-ranking South y etnamese officials he hgs no known contact with opposition figures There are some middle-level members of his staff he has not met One American jokingly calls him God I know he exists but I haven't seen him this embassy aide r emarked A Baptist minister's son born in Mars Hill N C Mr Martin is said to be a strong family man and according to friends a devoted friend He reportedly spends a good deal of time with his UNCLASSIFIED - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex A Saigon A-255 wife Doro thy I in the heavily guarded ambassadorial residence 'One of their four chil r'en an adopted son who was a helicopter pilot was killed in'a crash in South Viet-Naro in 1966 After Mr Martin graduated from Wake Forest College in 1932 and before he joined the Government he was correspondent for several small Southern newspapers in the South and in Washington and he has retained a strong I even passionate interest in the press He has been known to lecture visitors about the damage that irresponsible reporting did to the American effort in Viet-Nam and he is evidently determined not to suffer similar reporting while here a Everyone knows that he l s the boss that he l s in charge II a Foreign Service officer said admiringly contrasting the Martin tenure with the loose almost baronial system over which Ambassador Bunker presided According to associates I both a streak of insomnia and a passion to sift through raw intelligence data keep Mr Martin up at home until 2 in the morning reading almost everything written by his subordinates This emphasis on detail has lifted the spirits of some Foreign Service officers who appreciate the attention but others say there is distinct pressure to cast things in an optimistic light He doesnlt like what he calls internal biased or defeatist reporting II an American explained SO instead of saying that the South Vietnamese Army suffered disastrous defeat we say that it suffered a setback losing 80 men 12 trucks 15 guns But the inform ation ISS till there II A REVERSAL ON RIC E AccOI ing to one account the embassy was rather glowingly reporting on the success of the rice harvest and distribution system in one part of the country until it became evident that a fresh infusion of rice from the United States was needed liThe reporting reversed gear a diplomat said Publicly Mr Martin takes an extr mely rosy view of South Viet-Nam and its future at a time when many well-infonned South UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFmD Page 4 Annex A Saigon A-255 Vietnamese do not To visitors he praises President Thieu lavishly and asserts that his Government is rooting out corruption and that it holds no political prisoners If he were pessimistic there would be nothing to do said an ambassador who generally admires· Mr Martin's approach to his job The American envoy's firm support ha s reportedly delighted Mr Thieu and his closest aides who are said to consider Mr Martin their strongest lobbyist in Washington According to a report from there the Ambassador has been a prime mover in a campaign to obtain $l-billion in sophisticated weapons for the South Vietnamese anned forces to off-set up-todate weaponry reportedly infiltrated by the Communists He's at the end of his career I he didn't really want to come here in the first place II another diplomat has said IIHe wants to retire to his farm in Tuscany He doesn't particularly care what people think of him II A devoted family man and according to friends I a devoted friend Mr Martin is said to spend a good deal of his time with his wife Dorothy in the heavily guarded ambassadorial residence' Their adopted son a helicopter pilot 'was killed in a crash in South Viet-Nam in 1966 As a young man before he joined the government Mr Martin was a correspondent for several small Southern newspapers and he has retain d a strong even passionate interest in the press He has been known to lecture visitors about the damage that irresponsible reporting did to the American effort in Viet-Nam and he is evidently detennined not to suffer similar reporting while here Access to American officials has been sharply restricted since his arrival in mid-July Veteran Viet-Nam correspondents who periodically return to Saigon find that old friends in the mission are nervous about talking with them UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 17 Page 5 Annex A Saigon A-'255 UNCLASSIFIED PASSES ON INTERVIEWS The Ambassador personally passes upon interviews with members of the embassy who hold sensitive posts and has almost completeiy cut off journalists' official acces s to the Defense Attache's Office Officials were recently instructed to talk 'only about their own areas of responsibility --a somewhat vagU€ injunction that has made some career-minded members of the mission even jumpier with the press than they already were Theoretically I if you know about roads and bridges you can't talk about blowing up roads and bridges said a young Foreign Service officer stationed outside Saigon Defenders of Mr Martin's press policy say he is trying to reduce the appearance of American interference in South Viet-Nam fS internal affairs I while critics in the embassy say as one put it that he is hiding a pretty good story that we have to tell Correspondents of The New York Times in Saigon have repeatedly requested interviews with Mr Martin none have been granted Ron J W Fulbright U S Senate Washington D c Saigon Viet-Nam February 5 1974 Dear Mr Chairman I have just received today the text of your letter of January 24 to the Se9retary It is most welcome to me As I never respond to newspaper articles it affords an opportunity which I would not otherwise seek to respond f ly and completely to the concerns you have expressed ' For more than the forty years I have spent in the service of the people of the United States the one asset I have prized most highly is a reputation for complete and total integrity It is a UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCL SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 t UNC LASS FIED Page 6 Annex A Saigon A-255 deserved reputation for I have flatly refused either to equivocate or evade reporting and saying what I believed to be the exact truth even when to do so was certain to offend those who wished to 'hear only that which supported conclusions they have already reached This is a risky course' and at times a costly course but one from which I determined long ago I would not be diverted no matter what the personal cost might 'be This fact is too widely known to be open to serious que stion and will be completely evident to historians when he archives containing all my reports are finally open for their inspection particularly so for the reports and comments dealing with Southea t Asia r hope therefore that you can accept my categorical assurance that as long as I am charged with this Mission lithe Embassy in Saigon i S not going down the same road again that contributed to official U S misperceptions of Viet-Nam in the past -- the road of thought control censorship of Embassy reporting lack of contact and communication with the pres s II The historical record will completely attest that it was my rather acid criticisms from Bangkok of just these factors of Saigon reporting which got me in serious trouble a decade ago with both the Secretary of State and the Secretary of Defense I would even agree v i th the last sentence of your first paragraph stating III have learned from experience that when press accounts to this effect appear from normally reliable reporters they usually have some basis in fact In this case I would add the caveat that your adjectives '''normally reliable II could only be accorded the old Seotc h verdict - not proven If • My pol QY concerning press contacts is governed inevitably by my own experience as a working journalist r was regarded 'as a good reporter I often wonder what would have happened had I accepted he invitation to do a column for the Washington Post Perhaps today it might be my byline rather than Scotty Reston's to which you would turn over your morning coffee And I might have be en tempted to observe that I was probably the only living person' who as a working journalist z had covered the last case in which the Senate sat as a Court of Impeachment Perhaps as some of my journalist friends have observed UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 9 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex A Saigon A-255 I left the profession so y oung that I stiU regarded it as a profession ' ' not a trade I thought then and now that those who were fortunate enough to enjoy the protection of the First Amendment had a corollary professional responsibility to inform the American people of the whole truth as clearly and completely as one might perceive it after persistent digging cross checking and making 'every attempt to insure that all facts were accurate Under no circumstances would one slant a story either to conform to an editor's known prejudices or to push one's own personal point of view Those who did were not regarded as journalists but as propagandists - the word we used was uflacks n • Nevertheless I still maintain a deep and almost passionate conviction that a free press even with its fortunately small most rotten and biased elements is an absolutely indispensable ingredient for the preservation of our freedom Believing this it is of course essential that I would insure we provide for an effective and orderly mechanism to provide as completely and accurately as we possibly can answers to questions presented to this Embas by American news correspondents This is and will continue to be my policy To provide this service I have requested that press inquiries be channeled through the Counselor of Embassy for Press Affairs l a senior experienced and highly capable officer who will either obtain and make available the information if it s readily accessible or arrange for an in erview wtth a senior official responsible for the area with which the question deals The story is quite correct that I have observed that it makes little contribution to accuracy of the information reaching the American people if officers speculated in talks with newsmen on matters about which they were not informed In such cases it would be better if the reporter talked with the real expert in the field covered by his question It's just as well perhaps that the reporter was not told the rest of that observation I recalled that I had not been convinced that numerous interviews with mess sergeants on the high strategy of the waf during our extensive and unnecessary military involvement had made a great contribution to public enlightenment Of course neither had the interviews with the Generals Nevertheless l I thought that perhaps our experts could do better I still think this to be sound advice UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 Page 8 Annex A Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED Most of the press have found these arran gements quite Some have not For example dUI ng the 1972 offensive by the North Vietnamese forces when American forces were still present and American airpower was actively engaged my predecessor authorized CIA officials to routinely and regularly brief the press in order to give the American people a full and accurate picture of the fighting satisf ctory I found this still continuing when I arrived I ordered it stopped We are now engaged in no way' in the fighting which is going on as a result of the North Vietnamese decision to raise the intensity of the violence of their attacks in violation of the Paris Agreements Therefore I thought it highly improper that we should appear to he speaking in any way for either side a that the CIA should be briefing the press in any event Similarly with the Defense Attache office • Its role is wholly concerned with logistics It is precluded from any advisory role in the fighting that is taking place Its personnel are logistically trained not as combat personnel Therefore to permit continuation of briefings or comments on the course of the fighting would not only give a completely false indication of our involvement in the fighting but would quite probably be beyond their professional competence I suggested this also 'cease To those reporters including those of the New York Times who now had to work a bit harder to get their inform ation from those actually involved in the fighting this naturally becomes the 'establishment of a severely restrictive public information policy I do not so regard it nor do I believe you would wish me to revert to the previou proc edure My practIce in regard to requests for interviews is to grant them whenever possible I have probably spent more hours with journalists than has been justified but r do feel the compulsion ·r mentioned earlier to-contribute as I can to the proper exercise of a free press I obviously cannot grant all requests I feel no compulsion at all to grant interviews to reporters from papers whose emotional 'involvement in a North Vietnamese victory is UNCLASSIFIED _ _ _ •••••• _ •••••••• - o _ _ _ _ _ __ ••••• __ _ - ••• _ •••• __ _ _ _ _ _ • • __ • ' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 - Page 9 Annex A' Saigon A-255 UNCLAS IFIED transparently clear and whose reporting features and editorials combine to present gro ss and blatan t distortions to the public • To do so would permit my own reputation for integrity to be used as a platform to deceive the Americar people and this I sImply will not do no matter what the personal cost The last line of the story was one of the few that was wholly accurate It states Correspondents of the New York Times in·Saigon·have repeatedly requested intervie s with Mr Martin none have been granted Another phrase could have been added and it is highly unlikely that any will be in the future 11 That too would have been accurate Your last question inquired Il what guarantees there are that Embassy reporting will be objective and that a full spectrum of views can be expressed to the Department 11 • The answer is of course none except my own integrity And that on the basis of a forty year record is a complete guarantee Even Mr David Halberstam to whose book The Best and the Brightest you referred at the time Messrs qodley Sullivan and I appeared before you for confirm ation bear s indirect te stimony to that fact I am not even mentioned in the book I am told that when asked how I possibly could be omitted he replied that the thrust of the book was to demonstrate that when the military machine started rolling no one could stand in its way Since I had fought bitterly and successfully to keep the Americarntotally out of any direct involvement in the Thai insurgency I it would have disproved his thesis to have mentioned me If you wui refer to another book Gharles Bohlen f s Witne ss to History you will find r'ecorded the pre cepts for the kind of reporting this Embas'sy will do 'Pacts carefully researched thoroughly documented reported'without adjectives mplying a judgment 1ly history can give Even the story says But the mfonnation is still there Since I have been here no report has been either stopped or l lanted The officers are beginning to take pride in the fact that-· our objective is to ensure the most candid objective wholly dispasslonatereporting to the Department that has ever come out of this Embassy and reporting which will fully live up to the Bohlen tradition We will report Viet-Nam UNCL A SSIFIED ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNC LASSIFIED Page 10 Annex A Saigon A-255 ' as it really is successes failures beauty spots a'nd warts And we will not permit ourselves to_be swayed from pursuing this goal by anything a nce great newspaper may print I am afraid the other sources qu ted in the la st paragraph of your l tter are no more accurate than Mr Markham I s story Althougn the Repuolic of Viet-Nam understandably has grown sensitive over the consistent distortions some elements of the media have promulgated this Embassy has consistently intervened in their behalf although we do not always tell them the full extent of that intervention The most recent case is the author of the article to which you have referred In complete disregard 0 f the regulations well known to all -correspondents I Mr Markham visited certain PRG controlled areas without obtaining prior permission as reqoired which would have been routinely forthcoming He compounded this offense by taking along as interpreter a non-journalist peace activist well known as an apologist for Hanoi even including their incredible record of American MIAs The Embassy intervened to secure his release and the return of his notes In fact my' own personal intervention probably exceeded the limits of intervention into the internal affairs of another country you indicated were proper at my confirmation hearing Nevertheless noting with great sadness that the New York Times has recently purchased the newspaper for which I first wrote I I took the risk in the forlorn hope that the New York Times may yet return to the standards of objectivity and accuracy that once made it a truly great institution I apologize for the length of this letter but I wanted to be certain that as always I responded fully to any request that might come from you or the Committee Sincerely Graham Martin The Chairman Several members of the committee at that time had requested that when the Ambassador was back in Washington it would be useful to have him before the committee to give us some report upon the situation in Viet-Nam and what he thought about it That is the reason we are having him today UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 Page 11 Annex A UNCLASSIFIED Saigon A-255 We are very pleased to have you Ambassador Martin I believe you have a statement UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980143 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 @ ' Annex B Saigon IRELEASE IN FULL UNC LASSIFIED A-255 SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE STAFF REPORT ON'REPORTING' ' QUESTION OF· ACCURACY OF SAIGON EMBASSY'S REPORTING The Chairman One last area here with regard to the material which I inserted and about which I wrote the S cretary I is the question of reporting from the Saigon Embas sy There seems still to be some question about the accuracy of the reporting We have a recent report from our staff which I quote A review of the material used by the Embassy to prepare these' reports indicates that the thrust of information submitted from the field to Saigon is sometimes altered and that on occasion significant information is withheld altogether One consistent pattern which emerges from a study of these reports is the Embassy's tendency to play down or to ignore obvious cease-fire violations by the South Vietnamese Armed Forces This spring for example one consulate general reported to Saigon the conclusion of a large Government operation designed to clear out a Communist base area and noted that hundreds of homes and bunkers had been destroyed In summarizing this infcrmation in its weekly report to Washington the Embas sy made no mention of the Government operation but noted instead an overall decline in military activity despite significant Communist attacks II Do you wish to comment on that Mr Martin Yes sir I think £ we had been consulted on that we could have immediately put the incident in its true perspective I don't know what the inCident is -- but many times in order to avoid the sort 6f ceaseless flood of paper we have not reported through State channels what has already been reported either through Defense channels or through the CIA channel s • Now I I have just been made aware of the implications in this staff report It surprises me because basically I do not believe there is the slightest foundation to it UNCLASSIFIED • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 • 'f ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED ' Page 2 Annex B Saigon A-2SS Now I have consulted with my colleagues here in Washington woo are responsible for Vietnamese affairs and I have been assured that they have been completely satisfied that in the totality' of the reporting that comes _froz n all sources in Saigon l ere have been· no significant olJl iss ons of any kind Now as I wrote you Mr Chairman that as been my intention my conviction and is one on which I have worked as hard as I could I mean to get it totally understood that what we are trying to do now in Viet-Nam to see that we report to Washington the total facts as they are the whole truth We have had some difficulties in the beginning in getting some of our younger officers to separate fact from rumors from opinion They can report it all but I insist rumor or opinion it be identified as such I think we are entitled at this time when decisions are being made I which are of consiqerable importance and involve considerable sum s of money that there be no imprecision in the reporting from Viet-Nam That has been my goal It will continue to be my goal is The Chairman It is a very worthy goal but the representatives of this committee both of whom I believe had experience in f reign service are very experienced observers seem to have a very dif- ferent report The report will as a whole be published it is already available to the committee I will read one more paragraph and I will yield to my colleague s • It says Some U S officials with whom this reportiI J g II - - this is the practice to which I have already referred -- was discussed point out that the question of who initiates a given military action is not of itself a significant matter given the fact that both sides constantly viol'ate the agreement That is the Paris peace agreement • These same officials did however express concern that those who rely on fhe Embassy's reporting could be misinformed Other U S officIals discount the importance of this practice l noting that the Embassy' s bias·e s are well known and supplemental sources of information are available The Embassy is also known to make substantial deletions in reports from its consulates general before relaying the_ to V ashington Earlier this year one of these posts reported to Saigon a serious deterioration in security within its military region TIre message in UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex B Saigon A-255 question included five specific references to declining security conditions or poor performances on the part of Government forces In this instance the t x t·of the cons l1ate general's report was relayed to Washington but only after the passages in question had been deleted thereby eliminating significant aspects of the field assessment Readers in Washington had no way of knowing that the message had been altered II Then the more important deletions are referred to Mr Martin I would say again I am sorry to have to completely disagree Mr Chairman -ACCURACY OF REPORTING BY SAIGON EMBASSY The Chairman This report compared to the report of the press to which you have taken serious objections does raise a very serious question about the accuracy of our information I would ask that the staff report be printed in the record after it has been through the executive branch clearance process See appendix Mr Martin I of course have not seen it and it is difficult for me to comment on it without seeing it and if it would be agreeable to you Mr Chairman I think in fairness it would be perhaps a contribution in determining the accuracy of the situation as it really exists to permit me after I have seen the totality of this particular section to insert my own comments immediately following The Chairma Certainly The information referred to follows E ccerPts from pages 13-17 of Committee Staff Report Over the years the American Embassy in Saigon has acquired a reputation among both official and unofficial observers for close identification with the policies of the South Vietnamese government and for select ve reporting These same tendencies are apparent 1oday UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 7 UNO LASSIFIED Page 4 Annex B Saigon A-255 Each week the four consulates general in South Viet-Nam send the Embassy a round-up of events relating ·to the military situation and tl$ mplementation of the Paris Agreement The Embassy submits a sUmniary of this information I together with comments on developments in Saigon in the form of a weekly telegraphic report to Washington A review of the material used by the Embassy to prepare these reports in dicates that the thrust of information sub · mitted from the field to Saigon is sometimes altered and that on occasion significant information is withheld altogether One consistent pattern which emerges from a study of the se reports is the Embassy's tendency to play down or to ignore obvious cease-fire violations by the South Vietnamese armed forces This spring for example one consulate general reported to Saigon the conclusion of·a large government operation designe to clear out a Oom munist base area and noted that hundreds of homes and bunkers had been destroyed In summarizing this inform ation in its weekly report to Washington the Embassy made no mention of the government operation but noted instead an overall decline in military activity despite significant Communist attacks We encountered many other instances in Which South Vietnamese offensive initiatives were not reported to Washington The following are examples of items contained in field summaries but which were omitted from the Embassy's weekly round-up Most contacts in locations deleted were the result of RVNAF South Vietnamese initiatives Most of the incidents occurring in ••• and ••• 0 might be attributed to elimination ·by ••• South Vietnamese divisions of enemy minibases •• in accordance with the MR commander's instructions There was an increase in military·activity in • •• province as a result_of g oyerrunent operations Communist initiated incidents were at the lowest level for a year Some U S officials with whom this reporting was discussed point out that the question of who initiates a given mllitcr yaction is not of itself a significant matter given the fact that both sides UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 - 'UNC LASSIFIED Page 5 Annex B Saigon A-255 constantly violate the Agreement These same officials did however I expres s concern that those who rely on tr e Embas syl S reporting could be misinformed Other U S officials discount the importance of this practice noting that the Embassy' s bias s are well known and that supplemental sources of information are available The Embassy is also known to make substantial deletions in reports from its consulates general before relaying them to Washington Earlier this year one of these posts reported to Saigon a serious deterioration in security within its military region The message'in question included five specific references to declining security conditions or poor performances on the part of government forces In this instance I the text of the consulate general's report was relayed to Washington but only after the passages in question had been deleted Readers in Washington had no way of knowing that the message had been altered The more important deletions were as follows This latest round of VC NVA attacks further eroded security in some provinces where deterioration which began in December must now be viewed as serious Overall security in •••• has fallen sharply since December I a condition which province officers say they are powerless to remedy with existing forces Last week the province chief learned that an accommoda tion had been reached between the •••• RF company in ••••• and VO in the area by which RF soldiers were allowed to travel unarmed by sampan from their outpost unhindered The province chief immediately ordered the company out on operations • • ••• province like province has' seen security decline markedly in 1974 Although Embassy reporting normally downplays government initiatives it sometimes highlights succes siul operations In February 1974 as noted in an earlier_§ection two South Vietnamese regiments attacked a long time Communist base area at Tri Phap in the delta Embassy summaries at the time referred to the operation as follows liThe succe'ssful six weeks GVN South Vietnamese UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 4 Page 6 Annex B UNCLASSIFIED I Saigon A-255 government operation against Tri Phap continues In early April the Embassy reported that the' government had concluded the pacification phase of its military efforts and began to consolidate its control through outposts and construction and preparation 'for permanent re ettlement In the first of the se summaries the Embassy made critical mention of the ICCS' s failure lito conduct a fo rmal investigation irito the Cai Lay school atrocity II A similar comment was lacking in the Embassy's treatment of the Tri Phap operation Both the reported government attack on Tri Phap and the apparent Communist mortar attack on Cai Lay were of course violations of the ceasefire In this connection we noted that briefing officers on the Defense Attache staff as well as Embassy officers generally employ terms such as consolidation or pacification ll activities and security operations when referring to what are in reality offensive actions by the South Vietnamese army North Vietnamese and Provisional Revolutionary Government statements refer to such activities by the government as land grabbing The Embassy both in briefings provided to us and in its reporting to Washington closely followed the public line of the South Vietnamese government in justifying the South Vietnamese measures which precipitated the temporary breakdown in May 1974 of the talks in Paris and Saigon between the South Vietname se and the Provisional Revolutionary Government The ostensible cause of this brea was what President Thieu's spokesmen widely publicized on April 12 as a IImassive North Vietnamese ground attack supported·by tanks which allegedly overran ll the long beseiged border outpost of Tong Le Chan and presumably resUlted in the loss of its entire garrison In the following days according to the Department of State the South Vietnamese reacted politically by suspending their participation in the bilateral talks with the Provisional Revolutionary Government at La Celle St Cloud in Paris and further isolating the Communist military 'delegates at Tan Son Nhut in Saigon by cutting their telephone lines suspending UNCLASSIFIED - - - -- '-- --- - -- _ '----'-'-'- _ --_ _ ---'-- - -- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-q7743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex B Saigon A-255 weekly liaison flights to the Provisional Revolutionary Government headquarters and cancelling the weekly Saigon press conferences of the Provisional Revolutionary Government representatives In response the Communists su pended participation in the Two Party military team meetings and the missing ·in action talks Four Party Joint Military Team in Saigon and announced the Itsine die suspension of the Paris sessions Within a few days following the fall at Tong Le Chan it became widely known in Saigon that the outpost had not l in fact been overrun by t'anks and infantry but rather had been abandoned by the South Vietnamese in the face of increasing Communist pressure According to reliable American and foreign obserVers the commander of the outpost informed Saigon in early April that his position had become untenable The government was then faced with a decision of whether to sacrifice the garrison in a last ditch defense or to attempt to extricate its personnel Not wanting to undermine the morale of'other isolated bases or to appear to be surrendering I Saigon apparently decided to exploit the situation for propaganda purposes On the night of April II the government defenders withdrew from the outpost laking 65 wounded with them and made their way to safety without any losses U S military officials now concede that what the government first portrayed as a heroic last stand Ita little Dien Bien Phu and what later appeared to have been a skillfully executed strategic withdrawal was in fact facilitated by the North Vietnamese who surrounded ll the outpost -- on three sides -- and allowed the defenders to leave unmolested Although the Embassy must have had access to these facts it reported to Washington April 16 what it described as the Communi'sts' transparent attempt to distract attention from their overrunning of Tong 1e Chan II noting that Communist media had •• admitted laying seige to the base ••• but denied involvement by North Vietnamese ground' forces asserting instead that the defenders fled their base For at least two weeks thereafter the Embassy even in its telegrams to Washington supported the government's exploitation of the Tong Le Chan incident On April 24 the Embassy noted that the •••• bombardment and fall of Tong Le Chan have caused the South Viemamese government to be less generous in its application of the eleven point privileges UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artmeht of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 'J I UNC LASSIFIED Page 8 Annex B Saig on A-255 and immunities accorded to the Communist delegations and to take a less permissive approach to 'PRG' behavior • Many foreign observers in Saigon including members 'of the diplomatic corps believe that the extensive publicity which the Saigon government was giving t the Tong Le Chan incident and other military actions in April and May I such as the maneuvering around Ben Cat was part of a deliberate effort by the Saigon government assisted by the U S Embassy to impress the U S 'Congress of the necessity to authorize additional military assistance for South Viet-Nam Some American officials I however expressed concern at the impact of this public relations campaign on the prospects for future negotiation among the Vietnamese parties One senior U S official with whoin we discussed this problem acknowleged that the South Vietnamese government had made a determined effort to position itself as the victim of North Vietnamese violations I and conceded that they might have overreached themselves II Other Americans noted that the Embassy must bear a significant measure of responsibility for having encouraged them to do so Even those officials who are 'critical of the Embassy' 5 reporting note that it contains one significant new element In the past the Embassyl s institutional memory has consisted of the personal expertise of a few individuals During the past year the Embassy has devoted considerable attention to the study of leadership and the interlocking political social and financial patterns of Viet ' ' namese SOCiety In contrast with past practice the Embassy's reporting on these subjects is now said to be perceptive frank and of significant potential value- to policy makers • SUBSEQUENT COMMENT BY AMBASSADOR WtRTIN ON FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE STAFF REPORT I have now had the· opportunity to review pages 13-17 of the Staff Report dated August 5 1974 I am compelled to reiterate the regret I expressed to the Committee on July 25 that the author of this section of the report did not utilize the opportunity to discus s its substance with me during his visit to Saigon Had this happened perhaps the Committee would have had a more accurate a'ssessment of the accuracy of the reporting of the U S Diplomatic Mission in UNCLASSIFIED -- -- - --- - --- --- -- - - - --- - - ---- - - ------- - - - - _ _ • - -- -- _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 Page 9 Anne UNC LASSIFIED B· Saigon A-255' Saigon As it is written the part of the report is just plain wrong in most of 1 s speci cs and totally wr ng in its implications No attempt has been made and none will be to have Embassy or State Department reporting duplicate reporting by other elements of the U S Diplomatic Mission It is true that quite often sections of reports from t1 e Consulate ·Generals will be eliminated fr9m routine weekly reports because the substance had already been reported to Washington by other elements of the U S Diplomatic Mission The llustrations given on pages 14 and 15 come within this framework The IITong Le Chan II incident cited on page 14 is of a different character What is not cited is that the Government of Viet-Nam did not actually know the post had been evacuated on decision of its Commander against specifiC orders not to do so When all contact was lost the GVN iogically assumed that it had been overrun The report says that IIAlthough the Embassy must have had access to these facts •••• II the truth is that not until the remnants of the garrison showed up some days later did the GVN know precisely what had happened Washington was completely and currently informed of all information as soon as it was known in Saigon The conclusion attributed to U S military officials in t e last sentence of the first paragraph on page 16 that the II skillfully executed strategic withdrawal was in fact facilitated by the North Vietnamese is not supported by any competent U S military official known to me Similarly the report notes that liOn April 24 the Embassy noted that the •••• bombardment and fall of Tong Le Chan have caused the South Viethamese government to be less generous in its application of the eleven point privileges and immunities accorded to the Communist delegations and to take a less permissive approach to 'PRG' behavior II This is of course a true statement Over 900 ·mortar rounds fell on Tong Le Chan within one hour just before aIr contact was lost The post dia IIfall and it is also of course true that the fact that the fall of this outpost which had always been under GVN control did cause the UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Ooe No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -201 -07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 3 Page 10 Annex B Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED GVN to be less generous in its applil atlon of the eleven point privileges and immunities ••• All of this information would have been available to the staff member had he bothered to inquire about it rather than depend on a combination of a partial examina tion of Embassy files which re made freely available to him and obviously' unin onned cOlT Qlent and explanation by unnamed sources Similarly I only the penultimate sentence of the third paragraph of page 16 ha s even any partial validity In the'maneu- vering around Ben Cat betwe n 16 May and June 30 more than 3 990 casualties were incurred by both sides according to DOD It is hardly credible to any objective observer that either side would have incurred such costs to impress the U S Congress II' With respect to footnote 1 on page 16 the use of quotation marks in'reference to the PRG Provisional Revolutionary Government I or a qualifying term such as so-called PRG is necessary and appropriate in diplomatic parlance SlIlCe the United States Government neither recognizes this organization as a government nor considers it a legitimate representative of the South Vietnamese people It is quite true that the reporting of the U S Mission in Saigon now has a bias It is to see that the U S Government the American people and the American Congress receive the whole truth about current realities in Viet-Name As long as it remains in my charge that is 'the only bias that w ll qe followed • Mr Martin I would repeat what I have sa d before I think in these instances if they had bee n called to my'attention at the time of the staff visit to Saigon rather than uncritically-accepting comments of unnamed people who are quoted as saying whatever it is we would find that the information which was taken out of one report had already b en reported in another Now I understand you have also made some points in this committee and I think this committee has endorsed them on the role of an ambassador I have myself very definite feelings about this which I understand are in line with those of the committee UNCLASSIFIED ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 Jy Page 1 Annex B Saigon A-225 UNCLASSIFIED I do not run the U S Embassy alone I am responsible for the totality of the U S activities there No when it is said that the Embassy's reporting which I think a s mentioned here is shorthand for State Department reporting is supplemented by other sources I regard it all as my reporting Other sources I assume means other agencies ·- I also assume other agencies are present in Viet-Nam because it involves the foreign policy of the United States otherw se ·thejT would not be there Since this is the case I assume the responsibility for their actions and their reporting If the reports come in then through other channels and are made available to the senior officials here in Washington who are responsible for the area I am not necessarily all that interested in seeing that they are duplicated in State Department channels UNCLASSIFIED 4 · - _ _ _ _ - ___ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980144 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 ®4b Annex C Saigon' RELEASE IN PART 861 A-255 UNCLASSIFIED Date December 2 1974 MEMORANDUM TO The Ambassador FROM POL INT SUBJECT Answer to Dissent Message of Lacy A Wright I B6 L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- ' This report is in response to your request to me November 27 to prepare suggestions for a reply to I Isecond dissent message State 260507 I would propose that the Embassy ·answer I Ispecific allegations in the following manner B6 B6 A Icharges the Embassy with consistently and intentionally distorting its reporting Belgrade 5659 As evidence for that sweeping statement he offers two examples Belgrade A-442 Neither holds water Here the Embassy should refute the two allegations in detail B6 B Itakes issue with the Department's reply State 225131 to his original dissent message Belgrade A-442 by proclaiming his lack of confidence that reporting gaps noted in A-442 were adequately covered through other reporting channels In support he says that of those channels cited in the Department's 'reply the only ones completely unavailable tq me were domestic pres s reports and debriefings of visitors to the Departme·nt II Note Channels cited by the Department were State CIA USIA DOD and AID Anyone familiar wjth the operations of an Embassy knows that s Simply wrong here Some Embassy messages are known only to the Ambassador others are restricted ·to the front office or are limited to various other people or offices In Consulates General officers do not even see all messages leaving their own post let alone all those sent from the Em assy B6 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 B6 UNCLASS FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 Page 2 Annex C UNCLASSIFIED c Saigon A-255 Itakes issue With Ambassador Martin's statement that younger officers • ••• are entitled to report it lill provided it accurately labeled He says that this was not mission policy as understood in the Consulates General in which I worked Nor was it to the best of my knowledge and belief the effective policy 1 n the Embassy itself I Igoes on to say liThe atmosphere in the Consulates General in which I worked was such that dis senting officers considering potential career damage and even working relationships with their superiors were under strong pressure to do nothing There was in addition a strong fear of being caught in an erroneous position through postulated information to which only higher levels of the Embassy had access 86 There is no attempt onl Ipart to substantiate these charges • He cites not one case of an officer's attempting to present an unpopular view and suffering for it He did not do so himself while he was here The same dissent channel that is open to him in Belgrade was open to him -- and others -- here in Saigon The contention that officers in Viet- Na m did not use this channel because they feared for their careers I if true · speaks poorly for the officers involved The dissent channel at Embassy 'Saigon was open then -and is open now -- for those who wish to employ it 86 As note d abo ye t I lmaintainS that there was •••• a strong ear of being caught in an erroneous position through postulated information' to which only higher levels of the Embassy had access To say this is simply to acknowledge that an Embassy is hierarchical'in structure if every officer felt himself entitlect to make the' Judgments now reserved to the Ambasspdor and top mission officers the result would be rep9rting chaos as well as a gross infringement on the right of the Ambassador to run his Embassy The fear of whiChl fpeaks is one which ought 86 is UNCLl SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 7 UNCLASSIFIED 'Page 3 Annex C Saigon A-255 to grip any officer who contemplates making judgments on matters the scope of which he cannot possibly have the information to comprehend LI D' I contends that lithe fact of this distortion which he has faUed to prove is damaging to the morale and to the integrity of the Foreign Service II Only individual officers can say how their morale is faring I Iis apparently faring poorly If others who have served at Embassy Saigon agree they should speak up UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980146 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 @'-ffDl» Ji Annex D Saigon A-255 UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM Date December 6 1974 IRELEASE IN PART 861 TO The Ambassador PROM M SUBJECT l issent Message ofLI_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _--l J Spear Consul General Nha'lI'ang 1 While I believe the Embassy in Saigon will respond to I Idissent I would like to enter my own demurrer with regard to his objections to the reporting from this Post 86 2 1 86 Ifeels that failure' to clearly label GVN military initiatives as violations of' the cease-fire amounts to a consistent distortion of reporting serious enough to call into question the Department's ability to reach policy decisions based on this reporting He cites two instances of this from the Cease-Fire Weekly reports from Nha Trang I 86 3 I have reviewed the Cease-Fire Weekly reports drafted by land I note that during the period they cover I the GVN outposts at Dak Pek in Kontum and Tieu Atar in Darlac were assaulted and captured by communist forces and a major thrust was carried out by elements of the 3rd NVA DiviS on in 8inh Dinh against GVN positions including the Phu Cat airbase None of these were characterized in I reporting as communist violations of the cease-fire Mr Cook who wa s Acting Consul General at the time advises me that the qu stiO n of so characterizing them was never raised byl I This together with his recommendation that a panel shoUld be constituted to investigate reporting ' II •• possible South Vietnamese cease-fire violations instances of corruption and any other occurrences which might be seen as reflecting adversely on the South Vietnamese effort n suggest to my mind thatl Imay have a few biases of his ' own which he believes should be reflected in official reporting I do not see how this would differ from the IIconsistent distortion of reporting II of which he complains UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc Nc C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 J - UNC LASSIFIED Page 2 Annex D Saigon A-255 4 At this Post we have simply reported the facts as best we could gather them and this is difficult enough at best and have been content to let them speak for themselves without trying to characterize them unless this is clearly labelled as Comment We believe the Department is quite capable of drawing its own conclusions 5 • Turning to specifics I Icomplains that it was necessary to repeat as an intenSified action in the Eo Gio area of Kontum vh at was an actual division-sized GVN attack on NVA lines northeast of Kontum city r note that the following week he reported this as a push toward Vo Dinh by the 41 st and 44th Regiments I believe the Viet- Nam experts in the Departments of State and Defense are capable of recognizing a push by two regiments as a division-sized attack without the be efit ofl lorder of Battle analysis I cannot see that there wa s any cover-up in this reporting 6 I ke ls he should have described a GVN operation as a deep penetration into communist base areas presumably because this constituted a GVN cease-fire violation He then goes on to note that these were base areas from which VC NVA units had been launching raids but without any suggestion th8 t these raids constituted cease-fire violations by the communists - prior ones to which the GVN'was responding 7 The Moose-Meissner report which I ICites with approval notes that lack of respect for the Paris Agreements is so widespread that it is impossible to apportion responsibility for the continued fighting Even in the case of isolated incidents initial resp onsibility is invariably lost in cycles of action and reaction With this I would agree and that's why we try to avoid value judgments and let the fa-c'ts 'speak for themselves UNCLASSIFIED _ _ _ • __ A •• • •• _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980147 Date 09 12 2017 B6 B6 B6 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Annex E Saigon A-2S5 IRELEASE IN FULL UNC LASSIFIED REFLECTIONS ON DISSENT Address by The Honorable Graham Martin Special As sistant to the Secretary of State at the Fall Convocation of Wake Forest University Winston-Salem N • G Thursday September 18 1969 11 00 a m I have just returned from Istanbul where I represented the United States Government at the XXI World Conference of the Red Cross Our headlines are usually devoted to violence and tension This Conference attended by the representatives of the National Red Gross and Red Cresent Societies of 96 nations and by government delegations representing 84 countries bears eloquent testimony that there is still overwhelming concern in the great humanitarian objectives which constituted the agenda for this conference • On the way I again visited Geneva It is fascinating to renew contacts with old friends to discuss what is happening in the world and to spe'culate on how future events may unfold Most useful is the deeper perspect ve one gains from the opportunity to learn how this great nation really looks to experienced dispassionate and percept ve observers of other nations • In talk 1-g· one old friend i one of Europe I s most distinguished scholars I-told him that 1 had been asked to deliver an address at the Fall Convocation at myoId school I said tha t I regarded the award of the- degree of Doctor of Laws froni-Wake Forest University as one of the highest honors'1 had ever received in a career that had given me more honors than I could pOSsibly deserve I hoped therefore I would have something useful to say to' ' My friend was silent for a moment He then said that he was very glad that I so regarded it He believed he said along with his British colleague I C P Snow that the church-related liberal UNC LASSIFIED --- '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLAS IFIE£ u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 2 Annex E Saigon A-2S5 arts institutions in the United States were rapidly becoming one of the last bastions for the preservation of that particular sense of responsibility imparted through an acquaintance with and respect for the humanities If these basic values ace not preserved he thought it is not likely that our civilization can make the necessary adaptations that will insure its continued dedication to the prinCiple of individual human dignity • There are many things it would be useful to say he went on I You could comment on the failure of the communications media to adequately inform our peoples The virtual revolution in communications technology has so deluged us with unrelated facts that we are in great danger of losing the perspective that is essential to survival in a nuclear world I said that I agreed with him but that I had already alluded to this dangerous drift in some comments I had made before the Overseas Press Club in New York in 1966 He asked what I had chosen as a theme I replied that I wanted to offer a few reflections on dissent He looked out over 'the terrace and pointed across the lake to the old city of Geneva It is good that you stopped by here he said you can start by thinking again of our Jean Jacques Rousseau and the influence of his writings on your Thomas Jefferson This ancient Republic and Canton of 'Geneva has had an historic connection with the quality of dissent in America he went on and we as in fact does the entire world are watching with fascination how you are handling it now because on your success may very well depend our survival So I am gOing to speak about dissent Our system cannot really endure without it Yet unbridled it can destroy a1 1 that we cherish ' If stud- -nts are going to have any influence on the larger establishment they will soon join dissent from conventional wisdom which has lost its relevance simply must become part of their baggage ' Some of us can testify' from' experience that it will never be a non-hazardous undertaking Some of us can also say that if dissent is to be effective that dissent must be not only vigorous but also informed and intelligent UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 3 Annex E Saigon A-255 Few would contend that dissent on the American scene today is marked by a lack of vigor Fewer still I think would contend that on the whole it is an informed dissent orr very often that it is an intelligent dissent Nevertheless the unparalleled revolution in communications technology now guarantees that certain aspects of current American dissent particularly those involving dramatic instances of violence are immediately known throughout the world Herein I suggest lies a very great danger which must give us most serious concern Many observers of our free and open society have been confused by the toleration toward violent expression of dissent that has been a consistent part of the American tradition The man I consider the most distinguished living alumnus of Wake Forest graphically described this phenomonon in a terse tightly reasoned essay entitled The Inscrutability of the Yankee • The universality and pervasiveness of the influence of the values absorbed by those exposed to the great Wake Forest faculties is once again illustrated by the fact that I first encountered this essay in Cairo in 1943 where it had been reprinted in an English language literary journal Gerald W Johnson as only he could with his uniquely ma ter- ful command of the art of lucid and cogent exposition made an arresting and compelling point 'It was that while we ascribe to the Orient a certain talent for obscuring real meaning by an impassivity of countenance and circumlocution of expression it is really we Americans who often totally confuse the rest of the world Gerald Johnson was calling attention to such events of the thirties as the Johnson Act the Neutrality Act and extension of the draft in the House of Representatives by a one-vote margin and Roosevelt's 1940 campaign speech in Boston with the assurance given Again Again and Again II that c mr sons would not be invol - ed in a foreign war These instances Johnson pOinted out and others like them could be and were interpreted by Hitler' 5 analysts of the American scene as clear evidence that they could pursue their c mbitions UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 4 Annex E Saigon A-255 without effective American opposition Yet as Gerald Johnson correctly concluded underneath the surface indices provided by these individual instances l there was clearly emerging 6 apparent to all truly perceptive observers a consensus that would rapidly insure the full employment of American resources against the aggressors of that historical time-frame The intervening quarter-century has revalidated time and again the perceptive observations of Gerald Johnson on liThe Inscrutability of the Yankee In my own mind there is no doUbt that the Korean War and the Cuban Missile Crisis had their origins in the same basic misreading of the American scene The latter event brought us to the edge of the abyss of nuclear confrontation Therefore it seems to me that elementary prudence indicates now and in the foreseeable future a compelling necessity to take into account the effects our dissent may have abroad • Another such serious miscalculation in an age of growing nuclear stockpiles may involve quite literall'y the contmued existence of mankind If as I have already observed our system cannot really endure without dissent we must consider the nature of the duty to dissent and try to locate the appropriate limits on the right to dissent Another of the truly grea American journalists J R Wiggins has put it very well IILet us begin with the duty to dissent from the policy of government when that policy seems to the individual citizen to constitute a departure from national intere st or ·moral rectitude That there is such a duty t seems to me is the very essence of self-government the very vital spark of a democratiC system A people devoid of this impuse would induce such passivity into an electorate as to make the form of government a matter of indifference And a people with this impulse will 'invest even the most unsatisfactory system of government with the vigor and force that may make it adequate to deal with socieW's problems - -Wiggins went on to point out that When we quarrel with today's dissenters we y 1 e dif f$ring with tomorrow's conformists · Some principles are changele ss and immutable but most poliCies - UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 5 Annex E Saigon A-255 are transient and perishable Not only the change from generation to generation but the change from day to day must concern us when we deal with contemporary dissent he added calling attention to the plaint of Thomas Decker in 1603 Upon Thursday it was treason to cry God save King James of England and upon Friday I high treason not to cry so II Americans then II Mr Wiggins said are inclined to tenderness toward dissent by the instruction of their own history I by the exhortation of their philosophers by the knowledge that truth is changing and by the counsels of their heart--which incline them if the truth be told toward the disrespect of authority and the admiration of nonconformity I ' But he went on quickly to add that this inherited characteristic was balanced by another in the American makeup deriving from their re_spect fora-der their belief in representative government their confidence in the wisdom of the majority and their belief in the integrity of their own government II My friend in Geneva had referred to the intellectual debt we owed to Jean Jacques Rousseau the violent anti-monarchist who helped set Europe aflame with revolution and who had a profound influence on Jefferson But revolution was not all tie t we absorbed from Rousseau As Wiggins reminds us in his elaboration the theory of the Social Contract I Rousseau called it an agreement of individuals to subordinate their judgment rights and powers to the needs and judgment of their community as a whole He sawall citizens as entering implicitly into this contract to conform to the general will -a combination to the will of the majority the lessons of the past and the fate of the future' And he thought that if as often happens · an individual do s not agree with t at will as expressed in law the state may justly f01' e him to submit This was not viewed as a violation of freedom but as a preservation of it even for the refractory individual for in a civil state it is only through law that the individual can enjoy freedom from assault robbery persecution calumny and a hundred ' other ills He thought this especially true in Republics for obedience to a law which we prescribe to ourselves is liberty 1 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED ' Page 6 Annex E Saigon A-Z5 5 Francis Bacon in his essay Of Seditions and Troubles wisely urged rulers to make every effort to asceitain the causes of discontent and to remove them If this failed he advocated facing the discontented with overwhelming military force During Shay's rebellion Washington gave almost exactly the same advice when he wrote to Henry Lee on October 31 1786 Know precisely what the insurgents aim at If they have real grievances redress them if possible or acknowledge the justice of them and your inability to do it in the present moment If they have not employ the force of the government against them at once •• Let the reins of government then be braced and held with a steady hand and every violation of the Constitution reprehended I have cited these brief references to emphasiz that while the essentiality of dissent is as important today as it has always been in our system our history illustrates that deep in our national fabric are precedents for not permitting dissent to degenerate into anarchy Our tradition insures that Of the two alternatives set out by Bacon and Washington the former is not only more preferable but is also usually perfectly feasible given the enormous resources and the demonstrated ingenuity this country has available We should therefore confidently persevere in making rapid progress in diminishing the legitimate discontents But for those' who are not really interested in the 'rights and responsibilities of dissent within the framework of a democratic society for those who are interested in the overturn of that society for those who dissent from the system of government and not just the policy of government our tradition insUfesa Simple answer It is that a government and a SOCiety if it intends to surVive has no recourse against them but the second alternative set out by Bacon and Washington For those included in this particular special group we need not overly cot'lcern ourselves with ttyi1'la to agCQrtain the appropriate limits on their rights and duties since they admit of no responsibility and demand unlimited right including the right to use force and violence Even Dr William Sloane Coffin has said that You cannot ask the governme nt to respect your right to be a revolutionary II • UNC LASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED· U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc NO C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 7 Annex E Saigon A-255 I have said that to be constructive and effective dissent must be informed# intelligent and intellectually honest But before turning to this type of dissent may I venture a few comments on some identifiable types of dissent that I find to be distasteful The first we might term The Chronic Dissenter We are all familiar with this type the perennial nay-sayer the born pessimist the intellectual hypochondriac They are only mildly annoying One usually feels sorry for them as one does for those who suffer chronic indigestion It is unfortunate that we have not yet discovered an intellectual PeptoBismol both to alleviate their discomfort and also our own when we have to listen to them for very long It is hard to keep one's mind accurately focused on the particular issue they are dissenting on at any given moment The listener's mind tends to wander One is apt to find oneself speculating on the possible traumas and frustrations of this dissenter's upbringing that have led to imprisonment in a permanent cage of adolescent rebellion chirping away unEindingly like a busy canary complaining about the inferior quality of his birdseed One reluctantly concludes that only Group Therapy might be useful and tha t even there the prognosis would likely be for only marginal·improvement The second category might be termed The Status Dissenter I who is terribly concerned that his intellectual hemlines are adjusted precisely to the prevailing mode Although they may aware from automatic empirical observation that mini-skirts may _ be a delight or a disaster depending on the quality of what is revealed they seldom seem aware that such automatic adjustment of their intellectual hem-lines just possibly might rev eal a minI' ' brain A su -category of this species might be termed The Melodramatic Status Dissenter They may be found in all walks of life Recently we have noted their emergence from the groves of academe whence mo th-like they are irresistably attracted by t glare of TV kleig lights to become instant experts on the rather intricate and complex factors dealing with the life and death of nations Unfortunately at times their contributions have seemed to possess be UNCLASSIFIED - _ - _- - - - - -- _- - - - - - - - -- -- ----_ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 17 UNCLASSLfIED Page 8 Annex E Saigon A-255 an inverse ratio of value to their legitimate expertise in'biology or pediatrics A third category we might term The Loud Dissenters My hackles still rise when I think of our former Secretary of State Dean Rusk who like you received his basic training in the humanities here in North Carolina at Davidson who was himself a splendid listener as well as one who showed unfailing courtesy to others being shouted down by hoots bullhorns and stamping feet while trying to deliver a speech I regret that I am compelled to say that to me this is the eternal howl of the tormented infant who can bear no more frustrations who must have his way or tantrums must surely follow Devoid of manners contemptuous of the well established rules of fair play which have long characterized discussion of public issues in this country they fail to realize the offense they give and that they automatically Signal that the'principles they allegedly advocate quite likely could not win acceptance in the acid test of free and rational discussion The tragedy is at times their grievances are real are legitimate are in need of redress but this fact becomes quickly obscured in the universal revulsion against the tactics they have chosen A fourth category might be called The Violent Dissenters Without wishing to minimize in the slightest the major social questions left still unanswered in today' s world it is my opinion that those dissenters who choose violence as their mode of expression raise a question which towers over all others They raise the question of our very surVival as a nation a SOCiety under law and - In commenting on the increas'irig' incidence of violence J R Wiggins observed that Nothing is more certain than that one side to a public controversy ill force to n61 lo 'g enjoy a monopoly on the use of those with whom they disagree This is a technique perfected by the F cists and the Nazis Those who are in dissent ought to be the last to encourage a contest ih which the side with the most numbers and least scruples is bound ultimat'ely to triumph Those in dissent if thl Y are at all farsighted should be the first to demand for those who speak in opposition to them full personal security The business of breaking heads is not an enterprise involving so much ingenuity that others cannot be instructed in it or hQra UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S ' Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 9 Annex E Saigon A-255 learn to profit by it if it becomes one of the necessities of public life When it does however dissenters and non-conformists will not gain the greatest advantage from it •••• Ours is not a phlegmatic or passive people and recurrent acts of violence will call forth reprisal Innocent citizens will be the victims of such disorders but the great casualty will be the political institUtions which rest upon freedom of speech 1 ' It is essential I submit that yve clearly recognize the consequences of failing to insure tta t the level of violence be ins to subside Wiggins noted lithe tendency of dissent and repression to occur in cycles of some kind--to work themselves out through a discernible sequence beginning with disagreement proceeding to debate and verbal dissent verging into passive resistance and civil disobedience and culminating in violence This violent climax has then been followed by a reaction that has tended to reverse the process by starting out to discourage violence alone and that has often proceeded down the scale toward the repression of Civil disobedience passive resistance and even v erbal dissent II Such a process of reaction may well already be underway All of us I am certain devoutly hope that we may be spared future excesses of violence which otherwise will certainly accelerate inevitable reaction down the scale elaborated by Mr Wiggins A fifth category might be called The Opp· ortupistic Dissenter I personally find those I would place in this category almost as dangerous as The Violent Dissenter and far more distasteful Whatever excuses may be advanced for the misguided zeal of those in other categories do not s eem to me to be applicable here Usuall · 'Nell-informed usually quite aware of the importance of the issues to the national safety and well being they are never- theless quite capable of attempting to advance their own careers by supporting a particular aspect of a popular topic of dissent Such an aspect is usually either distorted out of its true context 8 or quite 'often is really irrelevant to the basic issue but its endowment does give the illusion of participation while providing ample room for rapid disengagement when no longer profitable UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 '-' '''' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 10 Annex E Saigon A-255 The degree of the confidence of the opportunistic dissenters that they can successfully disengage before the deluge engulfs their sincere followers is only matched by their cynical assumption that the memory of the American people doe 5 not extend beyond today's headline That they are often gambling with the nation' 5 safety is unimportant in comparison with the fleetingly transient advantage they calculate to be theirs Fortunately the American p'eople seem to have an innate ability to detect and finally reject the phony and I am very grateful that there still remain enough honest sincere and dedicated journalists to insure that the American people finally get all the facts But there is another kind of dissent It is rather like a rare flower--it takes a particular happy accident of circumstances and environment to bring it about It is intelligent dissent It is marked by several characteristics I would like to allude to two or three of them The intelligent dissenter has taken the trouble to become iriformed He not only knows there are two sides to an' argument he has taken the trouble to know as much as he can about both of them And in this process he exercises a certain skepticism about what he reads and most particuJ arly I about what he sees on te1e-' vision He recognizes that our modem revolution in communications ha s posed certain Il'oblems with which we are still struggling that one such problem is the tendency to emphasize only the dramatic that the emphasis on the dramatic inevitably underscores the chaos o ten attendant on rapid change and tends to obscure the slow and steady progress that is surely being made o He seeks for perspective J for he know thot without perspective knowledge cannot be equated with wi dom He is skeptical about the validity of assumptions which dedicated advocates sometimes distort to -support the·desired rationale He would not be impressed for example # by the working papers produced at the Detroit conference in 1967 of the National Council of Churches The premi e that the government of the United States was wholly wrong was never challenged UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 11 Annex E Saigon A-255 Wiggins notes that in fact this was so clearly the first premise of the session that no occasion arose to even formulate this assumption II I think our intelligent dissenter might have remembered that after leaving the Presidency Thomas Jefferson Wrote in 1811 to William Duane IIIt is true that dissentients havE a right to go over to the minority and to act with them But I do not believe your mind has contemplated that course that it has deliberately viewed the strange company into which it may be led step by step unintended and unperceived by itself •• • As far as my good will may go for I can no longer act I shall adhere to my government Executive and Legislative and as long as they are republican I shall go with their measures whether I think them right or wrong because I know they are honest and are wiser and better informed than I am The intelligent dissenter will take time to listen He listens not simply out of courtesy although that should always be a basic motivation He listens not just to gather breath for a new onslaught or to wait to pounce on the flaws of an opposing argument He listens rather in the hope of learning something he didn't know before He listens to find out what flaws there might have been in his own argument and is quick to acknowledge them where they appe r in the hope of closing on some common ground He listens because his conviction is baSically intellectual not emotIonal and can therefore be changed if the weight of the evidence indicates a change or modification • The intelligent dissenter knows that his Q issent' must be responsible He will remember the words of Zechariah Chafee in his claSSic work Pree Speech in the United States when he said I I want to speak of the responsibilities-of the men who wish to talk They are under a strong moral duty not to abuse t he liberty they possess All that I have written g oes to show that the law should lay few restraints upon them but tta t mgkes it all the more important for them to restrain themselves They are enjoying great privilege and the best return they can make is to use that privilege wiselyand sincerely for what they genuinely believe to be the best interests of their country • UNCLASSIPIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 5 UNCLASSIFIED 'Page 12 Annex E Saigon A-255 The intelligent dissenter will also remember Chafee' sadmonition that it would be extremely dangerous if speakers and writers use their privilege of free discussion carelessly or maliciously so as to further their own ambitions or the immediate selfish interests of their particular minority By abusing liberty of speech I he said tlthey may easily further its abolition tl • That war ning I the intelligent dissenter knows is as valid today as when it was given just before World War II The intelligent dissenter will know that restraint must be an integral part of his baggage and that he must force himself to display a degree of tolerance that at times wJ l be extremely difficult to attain The intelligent disse ter will remember SL Paull s injunction that the greatest of virtues is that spirit of Christian charity which we profess but too often honor in the breach And above all the intelligent dissenter will never forget that in the end however high the temporary cost may seem to be he must be true to his own sense of personal integrity I have had the great good fortune to be sUstained all my life by the example of my father who was born a bit to the north of this campus on the banks of the ·Dan one ·hundred years ago He loved this institution as he did all the Baptist institutions of th s State and it would have given him great pleasure to see me here today He served his denomination and his State for more than fifty years as a Minister of the Gospel of Jesus Christ As I grow older I recognize ever more fully that were I alloted twice the normal life span I tust might hope to be half the man he w 3-s Although he- never Sougltcontroversy he seemed to be always involved in· dissent I recognize now tpat his towering personal integrity would permit no other course The twenties were turbulent years also and one incident I remember involved one of the great Presidents of this institution Dr William Louis Poteat It seems incredible now that such a gentle man as Dr Poteat the rno t Christian of Christians could be subjected to such scathing attacks by both the clergy and the laity of the Baptists of this State for quietly maintaining as indeed his own integritY demanded that Darwin was after all right UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Page 13 Annex E Saigon A-255 I remember accompanying my father to an Association meeting in Cabarrus County Spe ker after speaker denounced Dr Poteat until my father could no longer take it He demanded the floor and I sat spellbound as he lashed them for the ultimate sin of blasphemy in daring to substitute their finite limited comprehension for the omniscience and omnipotence of God I still remember the hushed quiet as he closed with the quotation of the exhortation of Oliver Cromwell I beseech you in the bowels of Christ think it possible that you may be mistaken II • I do not remember the name of the speaker at my own commencement 37 years ago and only a line or two of his deathless words of wisdom Perhaps if you remember two of mine 37 years hence I will have bettered par for the course Then we had other things on our minds as we set out to carve a small niche for ourselves in the establishment We' soon found as you will that you don't join the establishment -- it joins you While I hope you will be intelligent dissenters from such of its manifestations your conscience dictates you must oppose I also hope you will handle with equal intelligence the dissent yo u will encounter against those of its institutions in which you deeply believe Think it possible that you may be mistaken fl I never forgot that line I commend it to you It will make intelligent dissent a little less difficult if you remember as you encounter a succession of minds that enjoy the rare certainty of complete conviction that the presen e of a reasonable doubt is not an unmitigated disaster in human society Thank you for letting me qe with you today UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980148 Date 09 12 2017 NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' t- f' l J t I rra @ lf T£ 1 NO _ - ___ TO Depa tment of State _ lI' -- B O ' r ' L TAGS lOR t t co INT 1 1 --r FROM ODS 11652 RELEASE IN PART B61 r 8 A lR REF NAVY 050 USI NS' SEPTEMBER 19 Dissent 'Message • CIA 5 DATE SUBJECT 9 A' i y OGEN PFOR AmEmbassy MOSCOW ' rDISS m CHANNEL ' ' 'a • • ' ' ' • I This message transmits a dissenting view submitted' 'by Sf of the Embassy Economic Commercial Section ------ A POLICY PROPOSAL AMERICAN PARTICIPATION IN SOVIET ECONm1IC MODERNIZATION I AS A CATALYST fOR c011P ETING THE DETENTE PROCESS ECON-l cr'lARGE CHR N I I Introduction ' 0 • · ' ' ' ' - ' ' i· j • t ' fi • Now as never pefore since its inception promine t voices in both the US and USSR are questioning the concept of detente ' at does detente mean or ot'e to'the point What is there in it for us The results of detente initiatives so far are inconclu sive Both countries need something more tangible 'than an abstract concept known as detente With the advent'o a new administration 'now is a prime time for new bold initiatives for introduction'of a policy that will give guts to the word detente This should be a policy which will 'speak to and satisfy the fundamental interests of the and USSR--interests which ultimately can be realized-' only within the bilateral framework 'This paper sets forth a ' policy designed to meet that requirement ' us The PresuPEositions ' ' ' ' ' L - ' outlined herein is' J iased on certain Th e 'action program presuppositions as to what each country has most to gain from de tente A discussion of these presup ositions follows later tOR OE T 9 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 I SE8lM Moscow A 39' 2 United States - The fundamental goal of the United States from detente is the uchievement of verifiable arms control and or disarmament with the Soviet Union which will assure long-cerm US security Soviet Union - The one significant payoff for the USSR from detente would be a USG policy permitting essentially uncontrolled acquisition of American equipment technology credits and other economic benefits for its o vn economic development and modernization The 'To seek a broad agreement with the Soviet Union linking all encompassins 'economic cooperation with the USSR the Soviet payoff which only the US can provide with verifiable arms control and or disarmament concessions from the USSR to guarantee long term US security the us payoff which only the USSR can provide ' ' ' ' Discussion I Policy Objective ' 1 That l g-term sec ritY--i e ' a condition of reai peace- is'the prime US objective from detente can hardly be open to contention Far less obvious is the reality tha t the only genuine payoff for the USSR from detente is in the economic trade area This is because the Soviet domestic economy mainly due to damaging structural ideological inadequacies is incapable of performing efficiently It can sustain annual growth only through injections of disproportionately massive capital investments rather than by stimulati g increased labor productivity effici ncy ' In the field of planning and management the Soviets are still bound by basic ideological hangups which prevent them from applying real decentralization in economi ·decision-m king The absence of such decentralization has caused a chain reaction of problems the end' result of which ·is the' fact that t e ordinary worker ha'8 no ' reeii reason to work productively or be responsive in any other way' to the overall economic needs of the country Further the per-' for mance indicators applied by Soviet planners to gauge economic - progress still consist chiefly of quantitative rather than qualitative elements Quantity rather than quality is a histo ical phenomenon n Soviet ' economic planning which has led to a modus operandi ' 'characterized by low-quality manufactured goods contain ng needlessly large amounts of raw materials In short besides'being' inefficient the Soviet economy is extremely vasteful Because of the constant emphasis on quantity the Soviet economic system is incapable of absorbing the results of research and development in to the production process in any coherent or rapid SBSM'f ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' • I Moscow A- JiZ3 way The Soviets and Russians before them have historically produced fine and innovative thinkers many of their contemporary research institutes are producing excellent work Yet the transformation of technological processes into production is largely unattainable since factory managers pay attention to the plan Cit ·is a law and its fulfil ent Because diverting resources to absorb' R D into production would render plan fulfillment more diffi ult that absorption is achieved only very slowly ' In a recent con ersa­ tion with Senator William Roth of Delaware Dzherman Gv shiani Deputy Chairman of the prestigious USSR State Committee for Science and Technology made precisely this pOint He stated A major problem in the Soviet economy i the'delay in introducing· new technology and processes into actual production Soviet research is of high quality whereas production and manag ent techniques lag behind tI For these reasons the Soviet economy is essentially an inefficient ponderous aimless organism By the same token rather than catching and passing Western economies in its performance--as' predicted 15 years ago by Khrushchev -the Soviet economy is falling farther behind' them relative y speaking since innovation·in the West finds its way into roduction so much more quickly than in the USSR ' II one might' re'asonab y ask why i f the Soviet economy' ' is in such d sarray the leadership aoes not adopt a series of tough pragmatic measures to tighten it up The answer is that ' basic econotnic change can take place only when' accompanied by basic political change and that is intolerable t th se in power Instead the S viets re banking on' acquiring ufficient Western technological processes and sophisticated equipment to offset the weaknesses caused their economy 'by its ideological' bas 1s In this way they hope to achieve real eco omic' pr g es changing the existing economic structure Soviets' have told Embassy officers see Moscow A-25 of January 24 1974 for example 'that economic planners have already effectively given up trying to find ways of indUCing Soviet wo ker8 to increase their' efficiency n pr oductivity III In general terms then the Soviets int nd to-reiy heavily on foreign technology' and equipment to modernize and rationalize their economy Specifically moreover' there is every reason' to believe that the Sovl ets see -the US as their chief hope for achieving that goal This is apparently a deliberate policy decision on their part The present bottleneck in US-USSR trade revolving around the intertwined MFN-credits-Jewish emigration BB8Rfl'f' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SBSRB t Moscow A- 1'124 issues has caused bureaucrats at the operational level in the Soviet foreign trade structure to question the desirability of wasting time ll with the US' market Yet it is known that policy 'makers 'have consistently rebuffed such points of view stressing the overriding importance of acquiring sophisticated American q ipment for Soviet internal economic development - An ipso facto indication of the great Soviet desire to en oy the benefits of the US market is the increasingly conciliatory stance taken y the USSR on the Jewish emigration issue this in spite of the Soviet leadership s intense ind f gnation at what it Vie'l 7S a US interference i n internal Soviet affairB The most recent evidence of this Soviet policy was the revelation on August 27 1974 by a leading economist at the prestigious USA Irtstitute that all Soviet industrial ministries have established American sections to deal exclusively with ways and means of acquir g needed US equipment I At the same time increasing' Soviet trade with other developed 'Western countries is an acknowledged fact Clearly he Soviets ar prepared to make don with other less - desirable partners if a comprehensive agreement with the US cannot be achieved ' Iv Aside from the glaring and presently insoluble problems faced by the Soviets in developing their economy additional problems are created for the USSR by the arms rac'e itself In the'US with its exceptionally high level of economic development ' increased resource allocation to the armaments industries serveS as' a stimulus for the economy In the Soviet Union the reverse is 'true Expenditures in the military sector--especially the enormous funds re qufred for developing new strategic apqns systems--are a definite hindrance to overall economic growth and result in delays to or postponements of important development projects most part cular y in Siberia • 0'· ' ' f • • ' - • • In discussions with Embassy officers Soviet officials now openly a cknowledge this pr9 ble m For exalllple a l ading Soviet economic planner made the fnllowi g s atement to this writer recently ' 'The -reason we ant' t t 9me to an agreement with you on armaments is in order to 'divert resources to other more-'pressing areas of the economy 'This a 'sincere desire not 'only for security b t also for econom i c r'e sons ' ' V This wr'iter s assessment of the urgent requirements of the Soviet economy ' combined with a p'erceived Soviet leadership mentality to seek foreign economic assistance which only the US can provide adds up to th conclusion that the USSR can be persuaded to UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 I ·1 Moscow A- lfl 5 agree to a strategic acconnnodation including appropriate safeguards verification procedures etc with the US which will satisfy our security requirements why 'Again the question may logically be asked as to the Soviets would agree to a linkage of such crucial 'importance for both countries when they can' hardly swallow·the relatively modest coupling f increased Jewish emigration from the USSR in return for American MFN and credits There are several possible answers to this question First of all 'the kind of USG sanctioned economic cooperation with the USSR envisaged by this proposal would be far·greater than the rather limited issues ' of MPN and Ex Im Bank credits It would also greatly exceed anything cnvtsaged under xisting US-USSR bilateral agreements in the trade and economic fields and would include such measures aSI -- effective abolition of commodity and technology export controls by the US except in those areas with particularly scnsit ive military applications -- comprehensive US company parti c tpation in SOViet developproje cts continuing technology inflows from' the US including up ' grs ding state-of-the-a-rt on existing and future projects supplie d 'from the US m nt ' -- provision of US management assistance both'pa ticipating in conjunction with individual projects nd advisory in' overall econOmic planning 'subject o Soviet sensitivities in this area ' --' direct USG credits outside the J x-Im Dank framework at concessionary rates to the·USSR for purchases of American equip ment an techn logy - Other areas of cooperation would be mutually agreed upon' depending o'xi xpressed 'Soviet requirements ' ' Secondly ·the Soviets have reacted so bitterly to the Jackson Amendment because it was construed as foreign interference in the internal affairs of the USSR A linkage involving Soviet con cessions in the rms control field could nnt possibly be viewed as internal interference since it is an area involving directly the security interests of foreign countries in this case the US SB8Kft UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SESRIW Moscow A- li l 6 In other words it is not linkage per E to which the Soviets object in many conversations with Soviet officials this writer has received the impression that a proper linkage involving key national interest questions of both countries would be not only pqssible but also d esira le • VI This analysis deals only with the economic trade aspects of a proposed agreement The specific arms control and or dis armament gains which would represent the US payoff natural y would be determined by experts from the appropriate USG agencies Obviously the agreement could be viable only f adequate safe guards verifications etc can be guaranteed Here again however Soviet participation in such an agreement would be d ictated by the economic gains which the USSR 'WOuld obtain Objections 'p'nited States I Some political elements to the US might view such an agreement as sell-out of Us vital interests arguing that it would involve a military or strategic stand off while at the same time strengthening the Soviet e conomy and thus maldng that country more powerful ' Such an argument would fail to' take hold of ·two k y points ' - Technology and equipment alone -no matter where they Come from -will not be adequate to modernize the Soviet economy it being structured in such a way as to inhibit the assimilation of any kind of nnovation • ' ' ' ' ' ' --' Should significant econ c' gains become possible in' the USSR'through foreign equipment and technology purchases coupled with modest structural reorganization such gains will ul imately be felt at the consumer level resulting· in aggravation of la ent pressures for more consu e gpoas d Soyiet ci - stances consume pressures would lead to political' pressures The advent of ' consumerismn in the USSR would have the effect of forcing raditionallY'outward-looking Marxism-Leninism to become more introspective Y his would of course also be a positive development for the US _i· ' • ' ' 2' The defense establishment may object that economic ' coop'eration will lead to a strengthening of the USSR militarily While this is true it is a negative aspect that wo'uld hav e to ' be accepted for the sake of overriding inte ests Again it must be stressed that' any US-USSR accommodation could work if it included workable procedures for verifying adherence by the USSR to the arms control and or disarmament provisions SE8RB'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 SS6ft'H'1' - Moscow AI J-r7z Soviet Uni on 1 The greatest opposition of all is l f kely to come from the Soviet military establishment Havi g seen the USSR approach parity with the US militarily Soviet generals will' hardly be inclined to level off or aven diminish'the degree of their offensive capabt11ties ' ' '- I ' ' ' ' ' 2 Fa -sighted conservative elements I n the CPSU leadership may oppose an agreement on tne grounds that large-scale introduction of US technology into the Soviet economy will ultimately force basic political liberalization This assumption is probably correct On the other hand 'in reaching an agreement with the USSR as espoused in this paper the US ould be gj ving its tacit ·if unspoken agreement to renoullcing any kind of interference in Soviet domestic affairs including its system of internal control ··The realization of the US position on that question would be a ·strong argutnent in overcoming conservative opposition to an agree ment · Neither the Soviet military establishment nor conservative CPSU elements would be likely to oppose an agl 'ccmellt on the grounda of · fear of a preemptive military strike rom the US It is doubtful that there remains a y military or political groupings of any ·size in the USSR which actually believe and therefore fear that ' the US represents a military threat to the Soviet Union • Conclusion J The formula known as detente while not yet floundering requires a catalyst to achieve a genuine reduction in or elimination'of tensiQn between the world·s two superpowers An agreement linking' · economic coop ration with guaranteed strategic security can provide such ·a·catalyst Detente would be fulfilled and genuine long term peacs ould be far nearer attainment With that goal in mind this proposal is herewith esp ctfully submitted ' - DUBS ' I ·V ' 6Be ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980149 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departf' 'lent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 tJIRID DRAFT RELEASE IN PART 8S sJ30Rfl'f SUBJECT I REF Dissent Message entitled itA Policy Proposal Amel'ican Participation in Soviet Economic Modernization as a Catalyst for' Completing the Detente Process Moscow's A-342 September 5 1974 In accordance with the procedures set forth in the Department Notice of May 8 1974 concerning dissent messages this will constitute the response to the f subject message 'byl Economic Commercial Section Embassy Hoscow's 86 The Policy Planning Staff takes responsibility for this response in which the Bureau of European Affairs the Counselor's Office and the Bureau of Intelligence and esearch also concur The lateness of the response is regretted 1 This message contains something less tpan specific disagreement with established policy and something more than a recommendation for an alternative course of specific actions Rather it commends a general US approach to the US-Soviet relationship irivolving a radeoff of all-encompassing con9mic cooperation with the USSR for verifiab1 e· iarms control and or disarmament concessions from the USSR to guarantee l ong-terrn US security It chooses to deal only with the economic trade aspects leaving the US payoff in arms control disarmament DRAfT UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' to be determined by experts from the appropriate us agencies 2 Since the Administration recognizes the fact of • Ilinkage between various areas of the US-Soviet relationship in our dealings with the Soviets and since economic rel tions and arms control figure prominently on the US- Soviet qgenda there is clearly a substantial overlap between current policy and the' suggested approach At the same time this approach appears to proceed from a perspective on detente which Is different in certain important ways fr om that which underlies US detente policy as it has deve oped in recent years It may be useful to define these areas of overlap and difference and ·even if Iagrees i t se l'i c v 'NJl L - - t''''''rB6 to ' w l der -Q ' -_ _ _ _-- 1 '± 3 the Fer P 1h LI l j ' ' open Forum Panel Magazine as a contribution and - incentive to dialogue within the foreign affairs community • ' S condarily translation of specific policy terms would pract cal the suggested a p c into e counter a number of· severe ' constraints and some of these will be noted for comp eteness' sa e 3 ' The mess ge focuses on analysis of Soviet motives and ' perceptions in seeking vastly expanded economic rel ation hip with the developed market economies and especially the UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 'United States This analysis is excellent and persuasive even outside the context of the proposal it is intended to support Coincidentally it is confluent with the mainstream lof Washington analysis • There can be little disagreement concerning the-major theses that the Soviet economic system as such is inefficient that the Soviet leaders realize it and that they hope expanding economic ties with the west will offset the weaknesses caused their economy by its ideological basis and achieve real economic progress without changing the existing economic structure 4 The proposal is also firmly based on the concepts of linkage mutuality and a balance of risks and incentives It recognizes in other words that detente serves American interests that both sides must benefit and that we must seek to provide for mutual benefits and for trade-offs' among various programs points emphasized by the Secretary i his ptember 19 tatement to the Senate Foreign Relations Commi tee This constitut s a second important element of overlap between the' suggested approach and current policy 5 However there appear t concerning the -scope pace ' 01 a-r be important differences and ' haracter of detente UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 4 SSOrl E'f 6 Our current approach is based on recognition of the facts that the us and the USSR have the capacity to destroy mankind and impinge on each other across the globe I and across the spectrum of relationships As a policy detente seeks to create and nurture habits of restraint and' constructive behavior across this spectrum in recognitio of these ealities The proposed approach focuses heavily on two types of relationships economic trade and arms contrOL disarmament These are admittedly central but the focus on two is restrictive both in terms of the US-Soviet bilateral relationship itself and in terms of its global significance Bilaterally it limits the number of trading elements globally it gives short shrif to presently or potentially v£tal issues of competition and coop ration and global problems involving alliances third areas In the end it could make the task of normalizing restraint and constructive behavior in international relations harder rather t han easier 7 Our current approach is incremental in that it'seeks to develop cons tructive relationships step-by-step whe c e possible and necessary It works within the limits of the possible but is also based on a perception that abrupt or radical change is as liable as not to be'destabilizing SBCRIlI'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 S13CRE'iP 5 and therefore·to work at cross purposes with our search of international stability The proposed approach calls essentially for a one-shot deal of very considerable magnitude Even if practicable and otherwise attractive • it -lould be open to the objection that its very size would send unpredictable destabilizing and therefore selfdefeating 8 impu ses through the international system Finally our current approach sees detente as a continuing process not a final condition that has been or can be realized at anyone specific point in time in the words of the Secretary's September 19 statement In one sense again this merely recognizes the limits of the possible but in another sense it is based on a perception that permanence or irreversibility in politics may well be neither achievable nor desirable As its title ind1cates the message proposes a tradeoff of a permanent -Soviet guarantee of US security for a permanent j US blank check to the ' Soviet economy completing the detente process c o e 9 n as C -' catalyst- for _ Three possible object10ns t o mind Fi st it can be argued that neither econci ml c development nor military security are or can be permanent or stable they-are' by nature processes -rather than states They are continuously changing under the pressure of SECRfJ'iP UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' technological developments economic stringenc es and political decisions One major goal of our detente policy is to give these processes structure and predictability but stopping the clock--as distinguished from creating it-I cannot be a realistic policy objective 10 Second it can be argued that S viet politics in particular as well as politics in general make a permanent tradeoff of economic and military security chimerical The potential Soviet objections discussed on page 7 of the message may well be so weighty as to make either term of the proposed tradeoff unacceptable to the Soviets The Soviet military establishment and 'bonservative elements in the CPSU'I have been consistently powerful and often dominant in Soviet politics If the assumption that US economic involvement on this scale t'will ultimately force basic political liberalization is IIprQ bably correct as the message states either giving the US a permanen t security guarantee 2E accepting permanent large-scale US involvement in the Soviet economy would be equivalent 'for these elements to signing their ' own death warrant And if tn French proverb partir c' est mourir n peu has some rerev pce mourir crest partir beaucoupll has more S S€R fl'i' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 17 11 Third it can be argued that completing the detente process n would be undesirable even if achie able by something like the suggested trade Maintenance of detente as a process provides the us i th flexibility to shape policy in unforeseen circumstances to unforeseen ends and with permanent leverage on the soviet Union which may well outweigh the costs in uncertainty and the modesty of each result under the present approach or even the benefits of neatness and finality under the approach suggested in this message 12 Fianlly it should be pointed out that implementation of the suggested approach would face severe practical constraints 13 On the economic side it would be difficult in the best of circumstances to convince the US polity of the overriding erits of an economic blank check to the Soviet Union Even in return for substantial arms c ntro1 concessions the US contribution to the tradeoff would be costly would compete with scarce resources and would • dispense with ba gaining leverage for'other goals such· as influence on S viet emigration· policies wqich have their own importan ce ·· nd even if the Soviets were unexpectedly convinced that US economic involvement on the OEOR B'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta e Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 ' scale contemplated would not entail interference in their domestic affairs US commitment to non-interference in the -'form of a blank check would be hard to sell here Fnd perhaps justly so Thus we would be speaking out of the wrong side of our mouth in two'directions and needlessly damaging the credibility a democratic foreign policy must have Finally some of the 'specific measures proposed on page 6 -- effective abolition of all but the most strategically essential export controls comprehensive US company part icipation in soviet development projects continuing technology inflows from ··the US and provision of US management assistance - would require a degree of government control in the economy which may exist in the USSR but does not and is unlikely to exist here 14 On the arms control side it is fair to point out despite the self-denial in the message that the task of formulating the US payoffll -- verifiable arms control and or disarmarne nt with the' Soviet Union which will assure lo g-term US security' -- boggles the mind The ferocity which experts from the appropriate US agencies and the Soviets would bring to this task would be·a pale reflection of the inherent difficulty given the size and complexity of the arsenals the relentless pace of UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 9 OElCltfJ'f technological change and the weight of past history and present se curity interests the prospect for defining a stable situation which will assure long-term US security is dim if it exists at all An American Igovernment which claimed to have defined and achieved US security forever would be thrown out ·and deserve it - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980151 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm ent of State Case No -_2016-07743 poe No C17980153 Date 09 12 2017 • t •• # • ••• ED STATES • - GO 'ERN rENT - V e1120raJzdzlm RELEASE IN PART 861 TO SIP - Mr Winston Lord- Fn O t INR cIS -I SUBJE CT Dissent Hessage DATE - ' ' September 13 197 B6 i Attached is a paper entitled Section 212 a 15 of t e Eliminating Public Charges or the Nor ng Poor which I · 'ould like to submit through the Dissent Channel Mr Carl- Shepard in the Visa Office has expressed an interest in seeing the paper It is unclassified • INA · - -40 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C17980153 Date 09 12 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 • 0 ' Section 212 a 15·of the'INA Eliminating Public Charges or the -lor king Poor Byl B6 ---------- ---- The Department's airgram of S ptember 1 1973 entitled Determination of Public Charge was a valiant e tt er 1pt to instill some objectivity into the interpretatiorr of Section 212 a 15 of the 'Immigration ·and Nationality Act INA Relying on II common sense as had been urged by one Consul General had resulted in grossly different standards and refusal rates not only among posts in the same country bu 'among officers at the same post with the prevailing inte ­ pretation reflecting too often the personal prejudices'and political philosophy of each officer Disagreement by Ju ior Officers with vhatever the prevailing view of the head of the visa section held hether Illiberal or conserva ti ve 11 resulted in negative sanctions in efficiency reports written by officers convinced that after twenty five years they ' ere the la 'l in the area Veteran consulor officers tended to feel that the upstart changing the section's refusal percentage '-las either unreasonable on one handt·or had no guts for enforcing the letter of the la v on the other hand This 5i tuation r ' ust have given potential immigrants the first impression that the United States government was just like the governme 1 t of the country they were eaving i rational and arbitrary In this situation any attempt at rationality and consistency had leen overdue since the proliferation of public assistance pro rams in the 1960' 6 and hat follows is not meant to detract from the significance of the e fort made by the Visa Office The September 1st a i'rgram falls short in t'·l0 areas Firs it does not allow for any sort of special status for the SpOUSE of American citizens a status which the drafting officer feel is constitutionally·requ j red by recent· Supreme Court decisions Second the general income levels chosen are not related to a program which·would make a person a public charge by the pepartment's own reasOJ dng - '- • ' a ' The privilegeo position of the marital union has been recognized by the Supreme Court in the case of Gri's '10Id' ·v Connectic t l That case held that in placing rest ictio s on the use of birth c cntro 1 pills in a marital relationshi p thf state was infringing on a '''right of privacy older than t e Bi of Rights I AJ though the case involved action by a State- Go· - roent it is obvious that the same right ' 'ould be 'lield qg in5t t Federal Government in view of the invocation of the nin- ' a·rie ment and Justice Harlan's description of the right as i lic in the concept of ordered liberty In the case of an i ' ligra· 1 381 U S 479 1968 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 '0 •• J ' 2 separated·from an American citizen spouse on the basis of 212 a 15 of the INA the state of· marital pri acy is net only being interfered with it is being effectively ·destroyed The only '-lay' the couple can exercise that right is for t 'e U S citizen to leave the United States The gove nment must have an overt'lhelming interest in causing this sepa -atior and the prospect of losing a few dollars on welfare ct ld nQt provide that interest even to a conservative Supre e Court as shown by the position of Justice Harlan i 'e tend to forget in the case of IR spouses that there is now another person involved an American citizen who according to c e i vievl has Ii terally _ pecome one flesh and one spiri t · ith - 'he '±nunigrant before us 2 The separation of spouses is the thing that understandably causes most of the Congressional corr·espondence on visas ' ' ' It seems possible that the Supreme court ould exte d the GrisvlOld rational to the spouses of resident aliens ' 1nderthe rationa of Graham v Richardson 3 Graham was a unanimous decision holding that any classiiication based on aliena e such as those'based on nationality or race was inherently suspect thus indicating that any right given to alien s ouses of American ci tizens auld have to be granted to alien s ouses of resident aliens The specific holding of Graha was hat state could not deny welfare benefits to an alien on the basis of alienage or even place residence requirements on the time an alien had to be in the state Whether or not spouses of resident aliens were recc nize- ­ as having a fundamental right to be in the United States certain classes of immigrants would remain who would not be given lIequity on the basis of a spouse in the Unite d States • The rest of this paper is written on the assumption that the5 inunigl ants ould be subject to the public charge provision of the INA An attempt will b made to d velop a standard hich is more reasonable than the current IITable WI interagenc ' poverty guidelines being used Section 212· a 15 has r'emained the principc l basis £or refusing an immigrant visa in spite of the fact that tte requirement of a Labor Certification under 212 a 14 ·has eliminated applicants without basic equity since 1965 · ost 2nuring the past year 'the dr·afti ng officer was on LiWP a 1d consequ ntly vlould not have'-h'ild sufficient resources to e et the Schedule M income guidelines ·to bring an alien non- 1g1is speaking wif into the U S ' an injustice which seems to grei' outweigh the cost of the public assistan6e which probably c have been needed if that situation had existed 3403 u s 365 1971 • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 I i 1• • 3 consular desi e to establish a'high potential income standard comes from 1 a feeling that an alien lho is eligible for any kind of assistance is a public charge or from 2 an attempt to cut dovm on the number of illegals wl10 subsequently iTnr ligrate on the basis of a family tie in the United States by refusing to let an inunigrant return to the lm'1 paying 'job he held hile in the United States illegally The first attitude is precluded by previous decisions of the VO as will be devet oped below and the second attitUde is a classic case of barn-· door closing post horse In the second approach the consular officer'may feel that the family tie was established as part of a scheme to evade the requirement for a Labor Certification • If·1 th i s can be proven the visa should of course be refused im'lever the refusal must be made explicit on this basis not as an underlying rational for setting a high income standard It has not been proven that setting high standards for 212 a 15 has discouraged a single alien from crossing the border illegally Even if the idea of having a child or·acquiring a spouse in the United States exists in the back of an alien's mind the over'whelming 'majority are not sophisticated enough in terms of our laws to think in terms of using that relationship to evade the public charge provision and are simply coming looking for · ork The reality is that several million illegals cross our border every yeart that the problem will become worse as countries such as Mexico double their populations in the 'next twenty years and I that the illegals ill keep coming in an increasing flood as lo 1 as· our borders are not physically sealed off and sanctions applie against employers ho hire the illegals Less than ten percent I of the illegals entering every year acquire any sort of f ily I tie in the United States Therefore even 'ifthis small percenta who show up at Consulates asking for IV's were totally shut out the flood crossing and recrossing the borders would still go on It is not rational perhaps not· constitutional fqr consular offic rs to take out their justified outrage at iilegal irrnigration by using one sction of the INA as a puni ive stick a med at a tiny minority of the actual malefactors Most IV ap'pli ants will present a legi timate job ot·fer at the first intervi v I often' to re urn to the place ' - here they ' -lere employ· d illegally doing farm labor or la'shing dishes 4This is not to deny that closing off illegal crossing cc ple·t el 'lould greatly reduce t-he'number of legal immigrants 2 30s of the applicants in a sample done at Ciudad Juarez' in Noverr ber 197 admitted having v orked illegally in the U S I f ·the equity -lere established hile in the U S illegally in every case and' illegal i migration were cut off entirely then presumably fa il equity would be established only through leg itimate intercourse across the border and legal immigration from Nexico y 'ou'ld 1 -e cut by 2 3ds UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' • • _ J ' ' ' 4 When confronted by a consular request that they obtain a job offer paying them three·do11ars an hour rather than $1 90 an hour they will simply regard the request an another 'irrational demand of an unfeelfng bureaucracy This is a situation they confronted in their native country and they didn't really expect much different from the American Consul No matter how many stories they heard about how tough it 'was 'to get working papers that hadn t t stopped them from crossing the' border illegally the first time The prime object then was to work unlike the second time when they cross again in search of a better job offer I Obtaining a legitimate job offer to meet the Table M guidelines would be di ficult enough if the applicants were legally present in the United States and could go personally to the job site The first step will be to go back to the visa fixer who may be able to bribe someone in the personnel office of a company to write an emp loyment letter at the appropriate salary • Among one small sample of job offers whi h the Consulate in Ciudad Juarez investigated two years ago ninety percent turned out to have been written without the knowledge of the person -'ho allegedly signed the letter These services of course cost money ''lhich w·ill drive the applicants further ·into debt before they immigrate If they cannot immediately obtain a letter they will probably cross into the United States again in search of a better job offer or to earn money to pay the visa fixer In addition to asking for a high job offer one 90nsular officer of long experience in Mexico was in the habit of asking that the job offer be accompanied by an IRS-943 the employer's business income tax form ostensibly i o see that the applicant was· being offered at least as much as half of the other employees were making and to check the job turn-over at the firm Since most firms wish to protect the confident lity of these forms this constituted another block in the aliens' path ·which usually blocxe' the issuance of a visa for six months or a year When it was pointed out that this - ouldonly encourage fraud anq dr j ye· the united States resident members 'of t n -fam ly·onto·w lfare in the absenc of the breadwinner the officer· described' the process as· a _ lper game This thesis is an attempt to stop nplaying pupcrgames with people 1 s lives· a d develop public charge stan'dards ''''hich both serve the legi i llate interests of the United States Government and are fair to he irnm grant The system 'ofOuld have reached the height of its· absurdity in operation if not in theory had the Department ruled that recipients of food stamps were public charges - Food stamps or surplus corr odities are given in every' county in the United States and fifty million Americans are currently eligible to receive them because the income standards are set so high UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' 5 The use of the food stump net income guidelines as e public charge thresh ld would possibly huve resulted in ninety percent first interview refusal rata at a post like Ciudad Juarez if the standards were applied rigorously and hones ly by the interviewing officers It is clear that such a re sal rate would lead to the collapse of a post's immigrant visa processing function 'because of the number of 'repeat interviews generated a flood of Congressional correspondence and visits by irate relatives ' • Some officers have felt that t e law must be enforced' no matter what and may in fact have been aiming for the ty e oi crisis confrontation depicted above as a means of drawing attention to the illegal alien problem It is possible that the courts would find the above process so unreasona le t at they would establish their own definitions of public chars-e A more certain result ould be Congressional action ei the on a formal or informal level to initiate new guidelines The Department has already'shown an inclination to instill some fairness and concepts of due process into the intervie'''' process even though it recognizes that aliens outside the united States have 'no rights under the United states Constitution The new requirements for finding inelgibility m cer 212 a ' 19 false documents issued in the fall of 1972 ar d the'Department's airgram of May 18 1973 to all Mexican posts concerning Aid to Families ''lith Dependent Childr en AFDC and Old Age Assistance point the way out of our 'dilemma Under the AFDC program if the breadwinner is separated from 'a family ith children 'the family receives AFDC IIwel ren payments in all states and is automatically eligible for cod stamps Twenty-five states pay welfare AFDC even to u ited families 'lith unemployed breadearners The result is that keeping an alien with natural or step-children separated f om his family costs the government more money in twentv-five states than'if he we're admitted and did not work at- all as the reunification of the family would inak the famiiy 'in'e'li' gible for welfare int ' enty-five s tates no matter how low its i ome The 'only univers'al income supplemen t pr C gram_ avai lable is t -le Food Stamp program The Department's Hay 18th airg -am suS' ests that if the alien is going to one of the states where reu fi­ cation of the family Hould make it ineligible for A DC t - e visa should be issue6 if the applicant· has a job 6 fer s fi­ cient to support himself lithout' regard for _ apahi-li ty of 5UP- porting the family The Department 'has thu C ye towa rcs establishing a definition of public charge that does not egar someone who is working as a public charge e ven tho' 'gh he 's working at a sub-poverty level income when family size is considered UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc 'No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' 6 • Seen in this light the Department's holding that recipients of AFDC are public charges 'lhile recipien - _of food stamps are not is not reasonable Since the Department id not adopt the actual AFDC income guidel'ines which are' rr u higher than the Table-M poverty guidelines actually adopte5 it has indicated that it is not going to engage in the cc ­ frontation scenario of ninety percent refusal rates In yiew of the holding that recipients of food stamps and public ousir or rent supplements are not public charges it is not logi al to call recipients of AFDC who like vise get federal money for food and housing public charges The money is corning out of 1j he Federal Treasury in both cases simply under pre-grams d th a different name It would seem that an AFDC recipient stould be regarded as a public charge only if he did not have su icie income to meet needs other than those for his housing and iood This would entail setting public charge guidelines ouch lc er than those in Table t-1 The May 18th 1973 Airgram also dealt with the probla of Old ·Age Assistance I had pointed out in my airgram of January 31 1973 that persons over sixty-five ere eligible for Old Age Assistance no matter vhat the income of their sponsors if they themselves did not have an income of at least one hundred thirty dollars a month Thus nearly every elc erly person joining his children in the united States is eligible for Old Age Assistance even if the sponsors are rnilliona es as relatives' income is not considered as part of t l- e app 'icants resources Rather than making the impossible decis on to eoinplet'ely cut off immigration of non-rich elderly pec le the Visa Office agreed with my suggestion that we si ply analyze the total situation and determine the liklihood 0 the immigrant making an application 'for welfare · and not simply rejeGt him beeuase he would be eligible for aid rom these two decisions' it is possible to ee two F inciF emerging One is that a per'son is not a public charge if he is receiving aid fO r his· housing and food but is v 'orking in attempt to provide himself with his other needs-and -as m f his subsistence needs as possible Tlie second is that 8' en· in the face of theoretical elgibility for a prograr which as been designated as a public charge pro gram the consular c£ ice must feel that the alien wi l actually make application sue 'a program The problem·in setting inc me standards is t tq set standards which will not keep out an alien simply beca se he will theoretically be eligible for aid for that ropo ion of his income which wiil be alloted to ho sinq and ood 2he Table H Interagency 'guidelines the Departrnent 'hasac optec · represent total s andard of poverty which can be relate in a rough way to eligibility for most of the federal assista ce UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154· Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No Date 09 12 2017 F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 ' i • ' ' ' ' 7 programs However they 'act to exclude people who in fact will not rec e-ive' any ai 'whi'ch would make them public charqes An example would be a l-Jexican family of four with an· inco e of $3 328 a year They would be able t'O fu1 fi11 their fooe needs through the-food stamp program and pay th rent thrc h rent subsidies thu 'not getting any aid from 'program which made them public 'charges under the Visa Office s O n decisions If they were in a state 'hich found it more feasible to pay • them out of federal funds under the AFDC program it would ot' be consistent to say that receipt of money for their food and housing would make them public charge i The Department's rational for adopting Table M as a guideline is based on 'the popular idea that the ve lfare field is hopelessly complicated and that it would take a qualified social 'lorker to determine welfare eligibility on a jurisdiction to jurisdiction basis However the Table M guidelines result in the exclusion of immigrants who are going o live in poverty in the United States not people rho are going to be public ch rqes While the major judicial decisions c the last fi'fty years are inconclusive as to · ho is a public charge under the immigration la vs they cannot possibly be used to justify excluding immigrants ho are going to be poor for several years after they enter Such a policy goes against the entire history of immigration in the United States and hat must have been the legitimate interests in the framers of e Immigration and Nationality Act when they inserted Section 212 a 15 in the Act Further as argued here such a position is not logically required even by the internal logic the Visa Officels recent decisions 0 As shown in the table below most of a fami1y 1 s AFDC be expected to go for food and housing items which the Labor Department says should take up 50 percent of the total budget of a family of four with an $8 181 gross annual income mO Qy'could Summary 'f nnual b-qdget for an urban family of' fourS Total Family consumption 6 580 % of Total B get Food ' 2 440 30 Housillg 1 627 20 Transportation 563 ' ' ' _ ' -- 7 Clothing 6 9 6 'I ' ' B Personal Care ' 205 2 Medical Care '660 '8 Other consumption 389 5 Entertainment etc Other Items Savings etc 385 5 Taxes Social Security Income Tax Total Budget 492 1 216 724 $8 181 6 9 %100 5Adapted from Table A of U S Department of· Labor USDL TunA 16 1974 A ltumn 973 Urban Familv BUdact UN'CLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 7 -304 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' _ • ' •• J • • • ' 8 • Food and housing comprise sixty two percent 0f the consumption budget that which is available for spending after taxes savings and other similar items which are minimal or nonexistent for the newly immigrated family In addition the budget includes allowances for 'savings gifts ife insura ce membership in group hospital and urgical plans and a n er of trips to doct9rs and dentists Since these expenses are • also minimized by immigrants it is apparent that easily over eighty percent of the budget of our typical poverty level immigrant may be used for food and l dging items which are provided in non-public charge programs For the sake of discussion 'however I will assume that fifty percent of the total budget of any size family in any geographic area will go or food and lodging The following table is an adapt ion of the Table M figures currently being used sho 'ling ho ' much money different size families would have to earn to keep o f AFDC to fill needs lhich they could not fill through food stamps or rent supplements 6 Excluding food or housing needs the threshold for AFDC is fifty percent of the poverty thresholc Poverty Threshold Size of family Nonfarm %50 Farm 1 $2 2 4 1122 1900 950 2 2 896 144 8 2442 1221 3 3 552 1776 3020 1510 4 4 5 0' 2275 3880 1940 %50 ·5 5 368 2684 4575 2287 6 6 0·38 3019 5157 2578 7 7 426 3713 6310 16q_ The minimum 'lage for indus tr ial labor is now $ 2 0 0 a 1 hour $4 160 per -annum for service ' 'orkers $1 90 $3 952 per an lurn and for farm labor $1 60 ' $3328 per annu - 1 It would thus be virtually impossible' for an- employer to make 'a legal full tIme job offer tha-t would not co'ver the - fifty percent of an immigrant I s income 'that could potentially be covered by AFDC or state supplemental benefits HO' 'ever it is entirely likely that use of the full Table M guide1iries without the suggested fifty percent deduction till resul in large numbers of non-English speaking i igrants with 6Adapted and weighted with a ten percent cost of living i rease from Department of Commerce Pub 60 no 86 Current Popul ion 'Reports Series Consumer' Income Characteristics of Low I come Population Table M UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 9 moderate size families having their'leg timate work offers at the minimum wage ejected The argument for using the Table M guidelines is that under the Federal plans of Aid to Famili es with D ependent Children and Aid to the Aged Blind or Disabled each state has traditionally had power to decide - rho was eligible for the programs and hmv m ch aid each person -lOuld get In addition each state has its o - rn General Assistance welfare programs to supplement the federal p ograms I and these 'pro- grams have different eligibility standards Using one national poverty guideline is therefore seen as a means of avoiding having complex public charge thresholds for each of the states under 212 a 15 This problem as to aid to-' the aged blind and disabled has been resolved because since January 1974· these programs have been absorbed into a new Federally administered program called Supplemental Security Income Under AFDC the only significant difference affecting 212 a ·15 among state· standards is the requirement in t lenty-five states that' the bread vinner abandon the family before the family is eligible for cash payments and the Visa Office has already spoken to this issue in its May 18 1973 airgram to all Mexican posts 7 The problem then remains as to the State General Assistance programs Assuming that 212 a 15 requires the·Federal government·to define itg rnmigration policies wi h re9ard to State welfare programs t can be argued that nsp te of the complications the Visa Office should develop separate public charge guidelines for each of the States After all we know it takes more to live 'in Ne v York city than in a Texas border town as a '''commuter alien • II However we are spared this problem by t vo generalizations which can be made about the States I programs 'The first is that the S'tate programs are supplemental to the Federal programs Aid under the non federally supported General ssistance Programs comprised only 3 6 pe cent of the total for public assistance given in 'January 1974 Second in every cas the incom standards are the same or more restricted than those of the ederally funded programs Differences seem to come mainly LI 1 the payment of medical costs or in the evaluation'of property Tnese ' exception$ can be handled on an individual basis under the Visa Office's guidelines on rebuttable presumpt i onsll'of welfare-eligibility owned 1As far as the drafting of ficer knows this airgra m requiring the consular officer to inquire as to which state system the i igran would be subject was only sent to r-lexican posts If his suggestions had merit as stated in the Airgram these instructions should be sent to all consular posts along '- rith appropriate information to implement them 8Graharn '403 U S -365 1911 stated that t e State 'laws conflict with 'bverriding national polic es' in an area onstit tionally e ' trusted to the Federal Goverr rr ent II State all cn res der cy requ l_ ments lIencroach upon exclus e fe4eral power IITh s hold1ng ma analogi' eliminate the c nS C1 rat n f purely state progr ms u 2 15 _ ' ' __ •• __ __ 00 • • ' •• 0_ • _ __ ' ___ _ _'_'_' • 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 10 Once we have escaped from the necessity of mechanically applying the eligibility standards under AFDC and General Assistance our analys ls ·can be· framed in the -context of an alien's contribution to our society versus the cost of having him here ·A full'time'agiicultural worker with a job of fer at the minimum of $3 328 'p a' and three dependents will make a contribution· to our society that oubleighs the' fact that he may buy low cost food with food stamps or that a few liberal II states such as Ne ' York 9r California may ' supplement his income out of ·state ' funds so he can pay his rent Such people ought not to be considered public charges anymore than the widow on her Social Security pension ivhen one looks at the big picture such a ruling seems totally inconsistent with our history and national spirit The reunification of families and their work contribution to our society outweigh the cost' of' supplementing their incomes as they adjust to this country Other countries such as Australia and Sweden make nearly total support payments to the' new immigrant This is not an argument that we should abandon 2 2 a 15 but that we should not get hung up on technicalities of saying that someone who buys his food wi th Food stamps is not a public charge while someone ' ho buys his groceries with AFDe cash is a public charge hen the money comes out of the same Treasury ' Someone -lho is working on a full time job is making at least enough money to pay all of his other needs besides housing and food The holding that anyone with a'credible full time job offer is not a public charge would also put the Department'more in line with the interpretation of 212 Ca 15 as administered by the Immigration and Naturalization Service References Department's Airgrams of May 18' 1973 to all M« x can pos s and September I 1973 to all Diplomatic and Counsular posts' Consulate Ciudad Juarez' Airgram of Jan ary 31 197-3 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980154 Date 09 12 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980156 Date 09 12 2017 b5O DEPARTM ENT OF STATE Wa hlnEton UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM TO FROM SUBJECT IRELEASE IN PART Bsl D C 20520 December 10 1974 -I____---r-'7'_----l1 Samuel P Lewis INR cIS - SiP - Dissent Message on Visa Procedures re Public Charge SIP has again discussed your dissent message of September 13 with SCA We are informed that your views regarding the definition of a p blic charge under our visa procedures along with other views on this subject are now receiving the careful attention of senior officers in the Visa Office and in SCA This subject is an important item on the agenda at the consular conference now being held in Mexico and it is anticipated that policy recommendations on this subject will probably be developed following this meeting SIP accordingly believes that your wellreasoned views are receiving adequate attention in the policy consideration now under ay Although we expect that any final decisions on this subject will be made generally known we have in addition requested seA to apprise you of them when the current review is completed SIP would like to thank you for your interest and helpful assistance in regard to this important 'matter Clearances OFP - Mr Smi th P- j 'SCA - Mr Recknagel ' 49-- ' S P RBF nn vb x22456 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980156 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 • __ • ' - - - ' '- 1 foo - - ··· ' ·· 7 ' ' ' ' i _ -- - ' · 7•••_ t''''-' ---'-' ' '''' ''- '' -' i OEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES i' TRANSLATION 42439 ' n-·122 R-XXXIV French L NO i '1 ' E mASSY OF TIill REPUBLIC OF GABON IN THE UNITED STATES No 50404 AW Washington June 28 1974 - 1 St tes The Embassy of the Republic of Gabon in the United i of America presents its compliments to the Department 9£ State and has the honor to reiterate the extreme interest that its Government attaches to the immediate issuance of an export license for a McDonnell Douglas airplane no o1 being purchased from Seaboard u ' _ fV i i 't- b- 1' J I - 'hJ J the '''' ' - I This ai J' '-- ---'---' is intended for the --- Republic of Gabon as el1 perso al use of the President of q as for travel by official missions £ the '-1 f l • l'- Gabonese Government C - l DC8-63 GF This transportation at present is provided by the expe sive method of chartering flights on various airlines Air-Afrique I UTA Air Zaire ' etc j On numerous occasions th s m tter'has been broug t to the Department -- 1'1 of State's attention through'both the United States Embassy at Libreville and the Embassy o_f' the Repubiic of Gabon at Hashington Furthermo e a l ' pertinent documents were tr nsmitted in due time to the American authorities I' r Nonetheless no decision has been t_ak e so the President of the Republic of Gabon decided to send a plenipotentiary and extraordinary mission to the Department of State which the Ambassador of the Republic of Gabon I I had the honor to lead on Friday June 28 ' 1974 The exceptional nature of UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' · ' r ' - - ' ''' '' '''' '' ' -- - j l' ' 1' ' ·1 ' I -2- I ' '1 • this mission underlines the importance that the Chief of State and the Gabonese Government attach to a prompt solution indeed it should be pointed out 'that 1 On larch 20 1974 the Republic of Gabon represented by its Hinister of the· Economy and Finance signed the contract to purchase the aforesaid aircraft from Seaboard and immediately made a down payment of US$ 400 000 The American authorities Were advised of this transaction ' 2 Concurrently approaches w'ere made to the Export- Import Bank of the United States which offered the hope that a favorable decision would so n r l •·l ' r' be forthcoming 3 ' r l t I I f r IJ ' J f·v·' r v t '·' ' I · I ry4 L I- tl v' 1 0- p 'y J J- p - available 4 W' · · Furthermore the American financial establishments consulted by the uJv· 'Gabonese Republic stated that 'they -lould make the additional financing i 1 0 _ r ' ' I ' --- J ' pC· l' i v I' 1 ' t· fY' d 'V ' - v l t C t r'l r r At that t1me by letter of April 16 1974 the Presi dcnt of the Repubiic of Gabon transmitted all relevant infqrmation concerning the use and opera- tion of the aircraft to the President of the Export-Lnport Bank The 'United States Ambassador at Libreville was also informed I 5 During his visit to ·the United States during the same per od th · res J' e t t••f 't1 C-g t A ' f' u ' of the Republic of Gabon was informed of no potenf'ial objections or restric ·j ·l · I '1 A r - - ·r _ • L ' ' tions concerning the purchase of h e DC -63-CF Horeo Ycr a contract for v ' _ t -t J • I '- - l V 1 _' i J ' the pUrCh l3r of rl llcrculc's C-130 ' 1 '1S conclLlccd simult meously ith no d l ff - '- •••• I - li'- ' culty being raised Howev r the delay in issuing the export license for t e DC8-63·-CF implied that the American authorities might have certain reservations that had never been UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 - ' -- ' - ' JJ cl -v-k -3- i ev-F' V -cl t - j 1 J V V 6 J II ' V 0 -1' l J t I l£ the Gabonese Govern nent took the_ Jti tiat of --- j' AJ L 0 1v t communicating fully a11-7 k J l For that reason in order to avert any restrictive interpretation p -' documents 'establishing the total regularity of the transaction both ' • I economically and politically 1 ·r ' J l y t - ·· 1 On the economic leVel the conclusion of a technical management con- tract with UTA guarantees ' J ' a• i •• Suitable logistics since'UTA which is certified by the Federal · i Aviation Administration will prov ide industrial maintenance and supply train and supervise the trained b An crC -7S required on a permanent basis effort to ensure a sound rate of return by integration 'lith ' I J l the operations of the UTA-Ai r Afrique group both companies are members of '14 r f i JJ J '1-1'- I·1 r Co Harmonization ith the present air system 1 tA 7 I' ' ' iJ erN' ' ' Consequently there the International Air Trl lUsport Association and have a DCB fleet t A c- i1 1 would be no danger of disturbing its equilibrium through the introduction £ a potential outside the provisions of the Yaounde TrOeaty of which the Gabonese Government a found'ing member of Air-Afrique is a co-signatory 0 ' ' 2 ·On the political level the Gabone 3c Government stresses that'it infol'med w '1to J j r A AJ JMV-l jJ t A -- ' I • its fellow AfrlC'an Governments that are' members of the Organl zation of African Unity OAU and in that respect it produced both a letter frpm i _ • - 0 _1 ' -v'- 6--t l Ut -I0-1 •• ' ' il the DAU Secretary qC lcral E _oy' confirmed by a letter' frqm he ' ' Organization's 'Acting Presiden · General Gowon President of the Republic ' of Nigeria Ii Bott Jocuments clearly ' establish d - l' the unqualified approval' of this transaction • Furth ermdre the recent DAD meeting held in June 1974 at Hogadiscio • reconfirmed the total lbscnce of objections -- r' t i -r r J' 'w - I ' • 'I I I ' t fYv' v-'- • I UNCLASSIFIED U S ' De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 r 1 - -' jU '9 I J-r ' • ' ' 1V1 - e I r £ J ' ·1 l N ' f' • rlc'-' ·· I · • UN LTI 09 12 2017 F EDo U S Department of s l t e No F 201 O rj o G 17980161 Date ' ' j ' 4- As a founding member and partner of the multinational company l Air-Afrique as established by the yaounde Treaty the Gabonese Government saw in this transaccion an opportunity to p int up its att chment principles of inter-African solidarity and'therefore formally excluded any possibility of using the j' DC8 63-CF an to he publicly in contradiction to those l' 'principles ' ' 0 • ' ' ' J ' l jj - l· ' The Gabonese Government again states if necessary that in no event ill the DCB 63·CF be used in • different way that might somehow benefit anyone of the countries censured by the international organizations of which Gabon is a member such a s the OAU UN and CANO ik' Under these circmnstances the Gabonese Republic can only be surprised at the unexpectedly long period of time required to issue the export license 'esse tial for its purchase The hubassador of the Republic of Gabon takes pleasure however in • underscoring the quality of the bonds uniting the United tates of America I I lI ' anci Gabon Furthermore he notes that American enterprises have always met wit cordial' and understanding acceptance in his country with hose develop ent they are associated in many fields manganese mining petro ' leum prospecting general equip nent etc - • • f He is the 'J -i i' Repub ic n o that prompt approval could be given to the President of d ' - J y of Gabon concern ing the s 'lpply of a Her-cules C-130 aircraft and pleas d hopes that similar arrangeme ts ill If in the past undoubtedly permit the circumst ntial ediate delivery of the incidents at times have troubled the screnity of relations betwecn the United States of America and Gabon the two countries nonetheless remain united by the same trust in the free UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 Nt a d 4 441 I •••• -5 future of the Hestcrn ·10rld Ie would be most unfol·tunate therefore if a totally unjustified r lisuml ' rstanding -lere to alter this climate of mutual understanding and friendly cooperation prcfitablc to both countries Conveying the deep concern evidenced by the President of the Republic and the Gabonese Cover ent the Ambassador of Gabon therefore solemnly expresses the wish that the American authorities will not further delay in settling this matter and avails himself of this occas i on to renew to th e Department of State the assurances of his very high consideration ' Signature Embassy of he Republic of Gabon stamp - ' t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980161 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN PART Ba MEMORANDUM C_-Linald TO FROM SUBJECT Bartholomew ActinJ D 5 Your Dissent Message of September Reg rding the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon The purpose of this memorandum is to report to you whq t actions were' taken by SIP in r'esponse to your dissent message of September 15 Wi th Respect to th e Secretary - On September 16 Mr Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as' you expected AF recommended approval of the issuance of an export license for the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon he bring your draft dissent message to the Secretary's attention before the Secretary aC ted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving Apls Action lvlemo of September 16 Under Se retary sisco's office attached and forwarded to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's copy of your dissent messclge We understand that the Secretary read your di sent message before making his decision J - Although the Secretary had already 'acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your dissent message we nonetheless fon arded it to the Secretary's office This final version waS returned to us on October 16 with the note that The Secretary has seen the attached dissent memo II SEeM' ' rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 86 JL_ u'uIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date - 09 12 2017 - 2 ' With Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export'Import Bank and the Department of Commerce SIP in consultation with AF and L decided that if it had not yet done so the Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and invite them to se'nd officers 'to the Department to review it along with all other relevant documents We decided that these documents should not be sent to the agencies since they constituted internal working papers of the Department - Even before the above decisions had been taken Mr Keith Huffman of the Legal Adviser'S Office in accordance with a previous commitment to cooperate closely with the Export Import Bank had invited Mr John Lentz of the Export Import Bank to come to the Department to review his file on this matter Mr Lentz did so on September 27 Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it - On October 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that while the Secretary had decided to approve an export license for sale of the aircraft there had been some strong objection to this action in the Department that arguments against granting a license were recorded in a dissent message and that he or any other Department of Commerce official would be welcome to come to the Department to review this dissent message Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind lr regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since the Department of Commerce would be guided by the Secretary of State's dec is'ion Mr Licht asked however if Mr Huffman could forward to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with any restrictions the Department of state might wish to place on its distribution Mr Huffman said that he thought this might be possible Before Mr Huffman could pursue the matter however Mr Licht called back withdrawing his request for a copy of the message iiHii CH13'¥ IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 3 SIP believes that the actions which were taken by SiP and in AF and L fully meet your request that the secretary and officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Comrn rce be promptly apprised of your dissent message so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your opinion they should not approve the issuance of an export license for the sale of the aircraft We are persuaded that insofar as the Department of state is concerned the Secretary Assistant Secretary Easum and officials in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reserva ions raised by you and others in the Department Qui te clearly the secretary agreed with Assistant Secretary Easum and L that on the basis of the evidence and information available to the Department the issue of the legality of the sale turned on a judgment as to the likelihood of misuse of the aircraft SIP shares this view We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the Secretary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know GSCR E'f IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980163 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' i· --_ _ _w j __ _ 'W' ••• _ • w _ • • ••• 'O ·1· ·'GI blo · ' _ ' - •••••• - - - - - DE ARTMENT 7 ' 7i ' ff lii rN m' ' 7 ' R'£ au w w ••• - ' gl£ii OF STATE RMIR ARA EUR l 'A-195 s - cu· NEA I- ' 10 FBO 0 10 AGR o c- ' COM USIA FRB FROM Amembassy TAIPEI NSA DATE 10 17 74 Message Another View of US China Policy GROC's Options Regarding its International 5933 Status CHANNEL r Summary This airgrarn is submitted by FSO 6- Political Officer us Embassy Taipei and transmits a V dissenting view to Taipei 5933 entitled US China Policy and the GROC's bptions Regarding its Status 1I MajO r points of difference between the Embassy analysis andl· 186 were reported in Taipei 6 97 • I I ' ' with further US initiatives toward Peking and continuing ROC diplomatic decline the GROC could come to view its current policy of pragmatic acceptance of US China policy as a liability in its struggle to maintain itsel as a political entity Should Premier Chiang come to believe _ during the' process of US PRe t 'approchement that as sume¢ or explicit US ROC relationships will not be sufficiently reassuring to insure his position as the recogni e ' leader of a stahle Taiwan he is likely to declare' a separate status for Taiwan Such a declaration could range from minimal assertion of separate sovereignty to an outright dedlaFation of independ nqe from Chin The nature of the declaration coulq be heavily influenced by· our candor or lack o it in discus'sing post diplomatic relationships with Premier Chiang during the transition process In any case 'CCK might' vell dec la e that prospects for domestic stability and inte't rtational survival WOUld be improved by L a pre- ptive declaration and he might also use it in a Dt r ZZ· in 3 AU 97A E O 11652 XJ3DS-3 TAGS PFOR TW CH US Dissent and the Taipei DISSENT oso BECkEtt NObIS_ --------- ----'- f EEl-'l_G£'1' LilND G NDle ATOR - fit ji' Ht4E n gf S I He Department of state ·· r ' TO p E NO INR FOR RM USc ONL Y FOR OEPT USE ONL Y FORM -u Vrallea 1 11' DIn 05·323 I I CI earaace $ UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 DOul UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I - ' 'y ' • ' calculated Taipei A- 195 Page 2 ttempt to s b tag 'U RC relations Examining US optio ls th reporti ng officercon cludes that by allowing event to t their course the ROC could force the China' issue on us at a' ·'time and in terms of its choosing In practical terms we could be faced with a rather stark choice in Asia between standing our commitments or disavowing ' ' them and we might also be confronted with domestic debate disrupting the present consensus supporting US China'policy However an ROC declaration of separate status under controlled circumstances n ed not be detrimental to US interests A temporary divided state formula which rebuts neither the Shanghai' Communique nor the one-China principle could offer all ' parties less 'painful w ys of reconciling the realities than other foreseeable options Neither the PRC nor the'ROC would be forced to sacrifice a vital interest and such a formula might offer the best basi's' we could reasonably expect for reducing our commitments smoothly and achieving a balanced longer term Asian policy Since the possibility o an ROC declaration of separate juridical status during the ne t few years seems substant al we should consider disc ssions with Premier Chiang at some point during the conditioning process d scribed ref tel ' At ap appropriate time we would make clear our inte ion'ultimately to recognize Peking and our desire to achieve a formula in' which the' minimum price would 'be paid by all participants ' whiie emphasizing that the timing and substance of any ROC declaration must b fully coo r di nated ' i ' While any' pol'icy of' continuing support for the ROC is ·l tJ ei Y to hamper our relations with Peking for a while an inde j erminate separate status 'for Taiwan which is leas t @Pl rily' hostile to the PRC may 'offei greater poss'ihilities ' f or- a ' ' resoll ltion favorable to us--perhaps eventually tlirough negotiations 1 h n a declaration ol independence 0t separate sov reignty ·sprung ' ' 'upOn us by the ROC when we are not p -epared for it End Summary • I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I 0' ' ' ' ' '0 Taipei Page 3 I BACKGROUND I - 195 FACTORS CCK MUST CONSIDER - 1971 AND NOW with the 'ROC so heavily dependent on the US 'as its principal ' tradi119 ' partner military guarantor and source of diplomatic support it is usual to assume hat the GROC will not upset US Ch na policy by declaring 'separate status for Taiwan Nevertheless' such thoughts were entertained within the Gl Oc 1971 ' and they probably will 'be enter ined again as I norma ization of US-PRC relations proceeds_ in' A llll In late 1971 a committee chaired by Minister without Portfolio George K C Yeh considered options for the ROC and entertained thought$about a declaration affecting Taiwan's juridical status by abju ring active claims to the mainland From what little we know of the deliberations the proposals· were rather cautious and so gained little acceptance The principal factors leading the GROC to eschew a declaration of separ te status ih'l97l seem to have been a fear that a traumatic policy break in the wake of the ROC's expUlsion from the UN would lead to capital flight domestic panic and perhaps insurmountable instability an assessment that undermining· the 'constitutional basis of mainlander rule on Taiwan--a virtualiy certain by-product of any separate status declarati n-­ could only accentuate domestic dangers c concern that the us would ake the position that the mutual defense treaty applied only to the ROC and not to a successor entity thus a separ ate status declaration could risk loss of the ROC's primary sour e of dip omatic and military support Cd President Chi ng' s personal aversion to ' any rno ficat ion 0 ROC' cla irns o ' be the legitimate government of 'all china -- e fear that' the PRe would move to preclude 'any change in Taiwanls status possibly employing military means in'the process ' - _ ' ' In SUll' ' Premier Chiang and other 'leaders prooably stayed with a policy line which accorded with us requirements because they' judged the dangers of any radical revision to be too great They apparently believed the ROC coulq not survive without the' US commitment and might survive if they could be maintained It was imperat'ive to avoid g lviryg the USG any pretext for disassociation from its commitments f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 - ' ' ' ' ' ' SBenf 'fz'Ne'S'IS Taipei A-l95 P ge B' 197'4 4' Domestic StabiI'ity IrnEerative for Survival • CCK's options in 1974 and the major factors affecting' his choices among the options have been dis ussed in ref tel Suffice it to reiterate here that the Premier's political survival depends most immediately upon maintaining domestic stability ' Severe domestic rumblings or a series of m jor foreign policy setbacks could spawn contention for power and constrict CCR's authority While economic performance is important Taiwan could probably weather a rather severe eco nomic downturn without instability if belief can be sustained that economic problems are caused' y fac ors beyond ROC control - Although incompetent economic performance is likely to erode domestic support for the CCR government a political decision to seek negotiations with the PRC--thus breaking the critical bonds holding the mainlander and Taiwanese communities together--would almost certainly destroy it In the final analysis if the premier should ever be faced with a clear choice between' los's of his leadership position and declaring Taiwan independence de facto or de jure his survival instincts probably would prevail over his concept of Chineseness ' ' II ' SECOND-GUESSING CCK ' S LIKELY CHOICES 'To say that CCK is unlikely to opt for 'negotiations with Peking for an outright declaration of 'Taiwan independenqe or for a Soviel connection does not--in bis opinion--mean' that he must perforce passively accept the movement of US policy and respond largely in accordance with its dictates ' At some point he could stop going' along with whatever' the US proposes - ' CCK vie ling the continuing US-PRe normalization process might conclude that --adherence to one China theory will move events toward one Chi a in fact ' --us postures or actions undermine the RO 'S abili y to maintain a minimally acceptable'internat' onal status --assumed or explicit arrangements for post 'diplomatic relations ith the US do not s'q fficiently assure his position as the recognized leader of a stable Taiwan Should US failure to r assure CCK during the orrnalization process lead him to these conclusions he could well chqose to' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 6-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' Taipei A-l95 Page 5 abandon p re sent pragmati policies in favor of dec laring a new status for Taiwan Obviously he would be most strongly tempted t o do so f he saw as imminent US recogn t on of the PRe a s t h e ·sole legal government of China' ' At a · in imum CCK might 'see a status -d'eclarat on - as' a ' ay of sabotag ing US-PRC rapprochement while' enlisting pqpular'support ' domesticaLLy ·and in' th'e' US for self-detl r m nation II While he probably wou ld prefe r to avoid an outright --declaration' of Taiwan ndependence for much the same reasons'which obtained in 1971 he CQuld nevertheless 'confront the US with a declarationconsiderably more difficult ·for'the us·to handle than anticipated r e tel If CCK ·either opts for sabotage· or feels compelled by dome$ ic considerations to act he is likely to seek a formula tha t m aximizes the state of separation while not giving the US de jure grounds to renounce or abandon commitments Thus C could move to the half-way house of a 'lI one China two gov nments or IItwo states in one nationll position • S ch an announcement might declare that w ile China remains one nat ion t o governments exist as a result of historical forces 'each with a recognizably defined area of jurisdiction It would' calIon the US and the international community to recognize this reality as was done in the case of East and West Germany· CCI could argul that the US treaty commitment mad e a·fter the R epublic of China had effectively been confined in jurisdiction to the island of Taiwan and continued in 'effect after the U S had urged th lt b oth governments be represented in the United Nations was unchanged by ROC recognition of the unmistakab e· fact that it d d not exercise sovereign jurisdiction over the Mainland ' III r • ' TIMING FACTORS As noted above the decision to declare a new status ' for the ROC is most· unlikely· to be prompted by the sense knowledge that US recognition of the PRC is imminent But other factors also exist In o de of decr asing likelihood ' ·or'· i --The 1976 Up presidential elect on might be seen as an oPP9rtunity to bring the China-Taiwan iss fe' 'to head under the intense spotlight of a Pr esidential campaign ' 8Be flY2'He BIG UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' Taipei A-195 p ge 6 '--The death of President chiang might be seen'as setting 'the st'age 'for' an abrupt change of policy While CCK appe rs to De a' better strategist than' 'to link a new course solely to 'his' father's death the confluence of events could push him to take a decision which he ' ould feel must be faced sooner or later in any' case -A status declarat'ion 'might be seen as a way to hoid on to relations with·important Asian'neighbo s Geographic propinquity and' the' presence of a large overseas Chinese community make the Philippines for examp1e particularly important to the ROC Manila's recognition of' Peking' would be a'very severe psyc ological blow ' -In'the event that the GROC leadership does not have to face 'the juridical question before then the' l978 ROC Presidential election could be seen as the setting for such a dec 1a ation ' IV IMPLICATIONS FOR US POLICY Assuming the for'egoing analysis is correct and that the possibility of imminent'US diplomatic recog ition of Peking would lead' CCK to declare s' new status what are the options p n t the' US 1 Attempt to forestall such' a declaration and persuade the GROC to maintain the status quo ' This 'option' ' assUmes that' any declaration must necessarily be E lnbarrassing to US-PRC reiati ons and therefore is' inimical 'to 'our interests ' 2 Follow a course of action 'which subtly provokes the GROC into making such a declaration use the declaration as a reason o disavowing' our commitments and disengaging from Taiwan • t _ 3 ' Encourage the GROC to make a status declaration and take' a'hand in determining timing and content 4 i Allow events to take their course and deal with a declaration when and if it occurs A·t th at point we dan either use the declaratio as an excuse for cutting commi tments or ace ept the' new status quo UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 ' Taipei A-l95 Page 7 option ·No· ·1 _ Forestall A Advantages 1 ' B st pefdng iney i tably declaration • avoids damage to US-PRe relations since suspect US collusion in event of GROe ould 2 • Avoids domestic debate in US on issues like selfdetermination which could disrupt present consensus behind OS China poiicy in us 3 • Present vagueness of definition appears to operate interest • B Disadvantages· ' - -1 ' · GROe probably would demand additional commitments or reassurances as its price Complying would deep n our co itment while refusal to comply would heighten suspicions and perhaps hasten pr emptive declaration • ' ' '2 Use of threats to prevent a declaration probably would be'publicized by GROe ahd could'lead to' just the internal' deba te in ·the US we wish to avoid 3 Policy places us in position of having to actively preserve status quo despite Shanghai COmmunique position that we can acc pt an'y solution or no solution' at all or risk charges of bad' faith and damage to our relations with other countries ·· in Asia ' 4 The US might not be able to forestall a declaration in any case option No 2 Advantages 1 Provides a pretext for di engagement • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 U S Department of State ' ' Taipei A-l95 Page 8 D ' Disadvantages 1 'Probably incurs widespread damage to and good faith U c i ity 2 ' Likely to provo e serious ·political instalHlity' on Taiwan 'Situation might tempt PRC to use force to restore order 1 '3 Probably would stir vigorous and unhelpful' domestic debate in' us option No' ' 3 -' Encourage and Shape a Declar ation A Advantages 1 If a declaration is assumed to be inevitable • ' this option allows us to have it occur at'a time and to'assume a shape'which least damages'US interests 2 'A declaration'of separate status would be seen in us and internationally as basically in accordance with actual realities'_ ' '3 To degree t at Taiwan's continued separation from mainland accords with US strat gic interests and to degree formula can be found which least offends one-china principle US may be able to haye its cake' and' eat it too 4 'Would best satisfy aspiratio ns of 'people o f Taiwan and thus promote internal· political stability here ' Broad ' - -pop lar satisfaction could provide atmosphere in which'downgrading of official relations and substitution of non-tr eaty guarantees for present treaty commitment could take plac with relative smoothness' B Disadvantages 0' 1 Any dec aration risks PR charges of US collusion but this course mignt be-most provocative of all as far as PRC is concerned UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I I ' Taipei A-195 p ge 2 Hay ng helped shape the eclaration US thereafter could be locked--as it is now--into special relationship with GROC to 'detriment of our· policy vis-a-vis Peking • ' Option No 4 Allow Events to Take Their Course A ' Adva tages 1 Best mai tains he Shanghai Oo unique position that us will neither-pm pose nor inhibit' solution of' Taiwan pr oblem but will leave matters ·to the Chinese theIt selves 2 Leaves further pptions open as·to whether we use a declaration as a pretext to cut commitments or work for broad acceptance of the new status quo B Disadvantages 1 Leaves open possibility GROC may choose a time and or a formula which wou d be maximally unhelpfu 2 US would have to make a rapid policy decision 'in the full glare of public'ity and domestic deb r e--and we would have to choose between acting counter to principle of selfdetermination and continued rapprochement with Peking with serious losses almost certain to ensue no matter what our choice v CONCLUSIONS The disadvantages inherent in the pi-ovocation · ·strat JY appear sufficient to rule out that option'without' further discussion To a lesser' extent the Stalling-options _ either forestalling an ROC declaration or dealing Wi thO ' lit whem it occurs embody the sa e 4i advantages • 'While the US mayl • njciy 'temporariiy increased flexibility 'ultimately it' will have to --Face increasing PR pressure f01 I progress 'on the Taiwan problem as the pri e for detente l s acceptance of' Pekingls price would be likely to impell the ROC to declare • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 I ' J' 0 t j - ' SflCR13' ' B3Z S Taipei A-195 Pag 19' --Deal' with the ROC as wel as the' PRe from a weaker position I the ROC concludes that acceptance of US policy Will not preserve its vital interests US' leverage which can be used to avert the pitfalls of an ROC surprise decla ation will vanish ' --Face possible PRC accusations that 'US policy insofar as it preserves Taiwan's separateness subverts the Shang ai ommunique 'This ice is likely to 'be paid regardless of 'the policy we pursue but perhaps we can reducie th tariff ' Thus the stalling options appear 'likely to eventually'bring us face' to face with most of the disadvantages of the provocation'option They are unlikely'to forestall an ROC declaration unless we are willing to pay the high price of continuing reiteration of' our present commitments- -which undoubtedly will hamper relations with peking It is 'not to US' advantage to allow matters' to drift-to the point where the ROC takes forcing action because of the risks vis-a'-vis' the PRC Japan and Asia inherent in any policy we pursue in that' high pressur scenario' Japan 'n particu t ar WQuld be likely to be quite insecure about its relations with he us 'and rn ght'move independently to develop its own military capability to compete in tl1e region ' These ri'sks will 'only 'be ' exacerbated' if the ROC opts for a declaration of independence or one which otherwise rebuts the principle of one China • Given the US interest in sustaining the momentum 'of rapprochement' with the PRe -events and the GROC's perception of its vital interests could bring us face to 'face' w ith the China question within the next two years Under' controlled circumstances an ROC declaration' 0'£ its status need not be d trimEmtal' to US interests A temporary II divided state formula Xll ch rebuts neither the Sh nghai Communique nor the' one China principle could be devised and could offer all parties less painful ways of reconciling the' realities than any of the other options Neither the PRC nor the ROC would e forced to definitively sacrifice a vital interest and such formula '90u1d offer the best basis we might reasonably expect for a balanced Asian -' policy over 'the longer term UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017' U UNCLASSIFIED Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 r ' 'f • t ' ' ' t Taip'ei A-195 page 11 Since it appears likely that the US will' ventually have to confront an ROC declaration affecting its juridical status we should'consid r discussions with premier Chiang at some point during the conditioning process described ref tel in which we would make clear our intention ultimately to recognize Peking that we want to achieve a formula by which the minimum price would be paid by all participants and that timing and 'substance of any ROC decla'ration must be fl llly coordinated p While any policy of continuing support for the ROC is ' likely to hamper our relations with Peking for a while an indeterminate separate status for Taiwan which is least openly hostile to the PRC offers greater possibilities for a resolution favorable to us--perhaps eventually through negotiations--than a declaration of independence o separate sovereignty sprung upon us by the ROC when we a e not prepared for it UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-20H -07743 Doc No C17980164 Date 09 12 2017 co 641538 3 IED u s Department of State ACTION COpy PAGE··GI· ACTION SP-Cil2 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 UHH1 Nt AShlSIF ntjfilS INCOMING DejJarl1nent oj' State TELEGRAM ' MANILA 17279 ill OF 02 2565 020418Z INFO OCT-01 ES-Cil ISO-00 004 W ------------------012129 R 020340Z NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO SEC5TATE WASHOC 7283 RELEASE IN PART 020443Z 13 86 UNCLAS SECTION 1 OF 2 MANILA 17279 A DAC FOR ADMINISTRATOR GILLIGAN E O SUBJ 1652 N A AID DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS AN 'AID DISSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOI T OF 2 DRAFTER OOC S NOT WISH TO RESTRICT DISTRI8UTION I I 86 3 -R'ECENT CABLE TRAFFIC ON PROJECTS UNDER THE OFFICE OF PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPLIES THAT CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF PROJECT DEVELOPMC NT IS BEING INTENSIFIED IF AS ADMINISTRATOR AND OTHERS HAVE REPEATEDLY REPRESENTED AID VI DOES HAVE A POLICY DECENTRALIZING THE TIGHT CONTROL HERETOFORE ENJOYED BY AIO W THEN EITHER THE MESSAGE IS NOT GETTING PAST THE ADMINISTRATOR' S DO OR THERE HAVE BEEN SECOND THOUGHTS 4 CASE IN POINT STATE 251258 -WHe REIN PIO ON A FUND F OR LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SENT TO AIO W IN MAY IS STILL BOTT EO UP BECAUSE ONE OFFICE HAS EXERCISED ITS VETO ASKING US TO SHUFFLE OUR FEET UNTIL SPECIFIC CONCERNS HAVE BEEN FORMULATED DRAFTER WHILE ON HOME LEAve IN JULY SPENT TWO WEEKS IN AIO W ANSWERiNG OUE STIONS ANO DISCUSSING PROJ ECT WHEN TV O SU8STANTI AL OUESTIONS WERE RAISED AT 'THE APAC MEETING THE DRAFTe R SACK HOME SPENT ANOTHe R WEe K WRITING REPLY AND WE ARE NO CLOSER TO DECISION CENTRALIZED CONTROL IS AGAIN THe WINNER WITH THE FIELD PROJECT MANAGER 80BSING A80UT LIKE PUPPET ON A STRING H Et Jrf -f- v CASE IN POINT STATe 283549 WHILE RAISING TWO SUBSTANTIVe ISSUe S ON REAL PROPERTY TAX PROJECT ONE AND DIRECTION IS CLEAR THE FIELD lS PEOPLED WITH PLEASANT aUT INCOMPETe NT GENERALISTS WHO NEED VERY' CLOSE SUPERVISION LEST THEY 00 SOMETHING IRRATIONAL ISSUES POP UP THAT SEEM TO 'COME OFF THE WALL SUT WHICH MUST BE ANSWERED RESEARCHED REFUTED AND RESTATED OR THE PROJECT FALLS THE ISSUE FOR EXAMPLE ON THE NEUTRAL 8ENEFITS OF THE TAX ARISES APPARENTlY FROM LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMICS OF PROPERTY TAX ITSELF WHILE OTHER QUESTIONS OEMEND ALMOST TO POINT OF HARASSMENT A RANGE OF DETAIL GUANTIFI CATro EVENT CONTROL AND PREDICTION THAT ARE NAIVE IN THEIR ASSERTION 5 AND DESTRUCTIVE IN THe rR NECESSITY 'HOW WE CAN RESPOND TO THESE DEMANDS FOR DETA L WHILE STILL ATTEMPTING CARRY ON THE WORK AT HAND RE-ENACTS CLASSIC DILEMMA OF CENTRALIZED CONTROL VERSUS FIELD _OP RATION IN WHICH ONLY CENTRALIZERS WIN CA6LE AP EARS TO HAVE MADE USUAL ROUND OF SIGN-OFFS REOUIRING EACH OFFICE TAKE A GOOD HARD SWING THUS SHOWING THEMSELVES TO Be ALERT IMAGINAT1 VE AND HARO NOSEO THIS PERFORMANce NEARLY DUPLICATES SUPERLATIVe J08 OF LAST YEAR STATE 297439 ON RURAL SERVICE CENTER PROJECT IN WHICH THERE WERe 21 SIGN-OFFS AND 21 QUESTIONS UNCLASSIFIEO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 co 641538 TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 fl TI ON lHHll J II j I l I l W g Hj ttl INCOMING ' ' Ati UN CLAS S'I FIE D TELEGRAM COpy Departnlent of State PAGE 01 ACTION SP-riI2 MANILA 17279 02 OF 02 020421Z INF'O OCT-rill ES-01 150-0' 0ri14 W ------------------072191 R 020340z NOV 77 PM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO SECSTATE WASHoe 7284 2567 0204452 73 UNCLAS SECTION 2 OF 2 MANILA 17279 6 AID W HAS PUSHED QUANTIFICATION TO A LIMIT UNJUSTIFIED IN ITS VALUE AND DEBIL ITATING IN ITS RESULTS WE ARE AFTER ALL WORKING IN AREAS WHERE THE GATHERING OF STATISTICS AND THE KEEPING OF VERIFIABLE RECORDS IS A LONG WAY FROM PERFECTION DEMANDED BY AID W OUR WORK OF NECESSITY IS BASED ON LIMITED OFTEN CONFLICTING SET OF DATA INFORMED BY OUR oeSERVAilONS EXPERIENCE ANO EVALUATIONS AND THE MORE FIGURES WE SEND TO AID W THE MORE WE ARE DUNNED BECAUSE SOMETHING IS MISSING THE INVOLVED COMPLICATED AND DISTORTING PROGRAM PROCESS UNDER WHICH WE WORK COUPLED WITH CENTRALIZED DEMAND FOR REFINED DATA AND MORE PREDICTIVE MODELS COMPOUNDS THE PROCESS AND TURNS PROJECT MANAGERS AND TECHNICIANS INTO DATA CLERKS AND INTERPOLATORS A REVIEW 6F STATE 251470 EVIDENCES THIS SEEMINGLY INSATIABLE DEMANDS FOR OUANTI- FICATION 7 CONTROL AND PREDICTIVE MECHANISMS THE RISE IN HARASSING CABLE TRAFF IC FROM AID W ONSPECIFIC PHILIPINE PROJe CTS FLAG IN MY MIND AT LEAST A DEEPER INTENTION OF AID W TO GO AFTER PHILIPPINE PROGRA IF THISYOUR INTENT WHY NOT APPROACH IT AS MATTER OF OLICY INSTEAD OF KICKING THE PROJCTS AROUND AS THOUGH WE WERE PARTIES TO A FRATERNITY HAZiNG IF YOU MUST REDUCE OVERALL COMMITMENTS DIRECTLY AND LET THE MIssiON PROCEED ON PROJECT BY PROJECT BASIS THE HARASSMENT THE PROFESSIONAL DEBASEMENT AND NEGATIVE CLIMATE CREATED IN PROJECT MANGERS AND TECHNICIANS BY WAY OF PRESENT PROCESS NOT WORTH TH CANDLE IF YOU ARE SERIOUS ASOUT DECENTRALIZATION OPERATIONS THEN 8 ABOUT ENHANCING FIELD A REORGANIZE THE BUREAUS TO REOUCE CLEARANCE PROCESS B ELIMINIATE RULE OF COMPLETE UNANIMITY WHERE ONE WITHHELD SIGN-OFF CAN VETO PROJECT OR THE ACTIO C RULE OUT GADLFY QUESTIONNAIRE BY WHICH EVERY QUESTION THAT COMES OFF THE WALL IS INCLUDED IN OUTGOING CABLE D AMELIORATE RAVAGES OF QUANTIFICATION BY INSTITUTING SELECTIVE CRITERIA BASE FOR INCLUSlON IN PIO'S AND PP'S E REVAMP INDIVIDUAL MISSION POLICY BY ESTABLISHING COUNTRY LEVELS THROUGH MISSION OBJECTIVES INSTEAD OF DOING IT THROUGH SELECTIVE BADGERING OF INDIVIDUAL PROJECTS F GIVE uS CLEARER DIRECTIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS THE POOR' MAJORITY PARTICIPATION ETC AS THESE TRANSLATE IN DELINEATION OF BENEFICIARIES AND PROJECT DESIGN STULL UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415383 Date 10 11 2017 co 641542 5 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415425 Date 10 11 2017 1 'oJ _ • _ liNCl P SS I i to D jJo rtlnenl STAH f GIN ft I J - 1S ' ' -' i Ii F 0 0 CT- 0 i • _ OUTGO IJG TELEGRMli 267L 3 3 i 1D RELEASE IN PART 86 I 0 I 9 I 0 Stnlp Y' J R DRAfTED BY A AID GAWING PRJ APPROVED BY A AID Gp WING DESIRED DISTRIBUTION IG ACTION AAID CHROM 48 INFO 4ASI ES SER ISP eASIA ------------------605614 o 081916Z OB1946Z 53 NOV 77 FM-SECSTATE WASHOe TO AMEMBASSY MANILA IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE 267203 AIDAC E O fOR MR 11652 PETER CODY NIP TAG S SUBJECT I DISSENT CHANNEL - B6 I '--_----oJ B6 I WA S DIS SEN T CHAN NEL 5 ENT NOT REeEl VED HER E A5 OF 11-08-77 PLEASE ADVISE VANCE' 'J ' j UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 9_ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415425 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 TIED f- - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415577 Date 10 11 2017 - - RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPA RT ENT OF SifATE Washlncrlon D C 0520 March 43 1977 MEMORANDUM TO FROl-f SUBJECT AtDjASIAjPT - L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _----- JI· SjP - 86 A thon Dissent Channel Message elations with Vietnam Normalization of Steps Along the triTay This will acknowledge the ·receipt of your dissent paper on normalization of relations with Vietnam Douglas Pike of the Pelicy Planning Staff has been named coo dinator in charge of a substant'ive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribut on for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the O ffices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Pla ning Staff and the Chairman of the Open Forum in addition to the Assistant Secretaries for East Asian Affairs and Economic and BusinesS Affairs and the Director of AID We commend your 'use of the dissent channel and Will repiy'as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064155Tl Oate -foi'1172017 CO 6416921 IED u s Department of StateCase No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416921 Date 10 11 2017 SUMMARY The credibility of the whole US ILO exercise has been weakened • l by our silently accepting an Arab drafted letter on the 1974 resoltltioni 2 by our g i g along with moderate ArabJ decisiqn to give in to radical pr es ure 3 by' our going along with Blanchard wh n he reversed himself for th fo rth time in response to Arab pressure and by our ' making a secre bargain with him instead of-our standing 'firm - ano letting him bear full responsibility for his failure to stand firm 4 and 'by Our linking the issues of Arab Israeli and Arti '17 negotiations with Blanchard and the Arabs on the letter and in the USREP's statements in 'Selections Committ e urging delay on Article 17 until th1Arab Israel issue was settled II Ir I dissent f om th9P partm nt's preliminary assessment that this outcome was a success If the Dept now rece ving more complete reports on the outcome changes its view to take into account the losses described above nd·therefore concludes that this was not a ucess then the purpose' of' my' dissent has been a·ccomplished · I ask that I be informed of action taken on this dissent message by letter to me at the US MIssion in Geneva with copy to my office in Washington I i II I' II 1 I I r UNCL S·SIFIED 4 U S Department of State Case No F-'2016-07743 Doc No C06416921 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 700 81E 9 ' 'l D c rt j ' ate-Case-No f-i016-07743 -Ooc No 'CO 417008 Date 10 11 2017 I t'T 1 jAi FO 'lM 1· S OCR' 1i1i·7 p D p1 - - - ' ' ' ' - - - - - ' - _ • cJ S l1t· r l# 4J t -' ' ' · 'M« 'n ni ' -- ' 'Vt oI4OQ - '4 i r 'r J ' 'f - ' p ' '-' ' ' ' ' '- l I ' - I' 01· 'Y-V J I - - - r 'k' i I _ '-t ' 'i r · # rA N' m t w p -•• VI '- l I·rl1 T 1 • E D O f·F I E-I·A c· US E- a ·O i 'W ' _ t ''''' '''''' ''• ·· ·· d ir i l o rt lo 'f'o ' t'I St t A rH i 'E •• t C JA Jf at ' ·r r f' Iofl -tl · t'- t1 ' •• r% l ' ' ' Jr ' ' ''' '''''' ' p ifJI- fARRINGTON Cl r ARf nc E O 11652 TAGS PfOR FR PINT PGOV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE fRENCH LEfT USG RELATIONS WITH THE 1 THis WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MtSSAGE ON USG RELATIONS WI H THE FRE CH LEFT ANTON DEPORTt ot T E POLICY PLANN NG STAFF WILL BE COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIY-E REPL Y IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OffICES OF THt SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SEC ETARV FOR EURO EAN AfFAiRS • WE COMAEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS P6ssisLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY 6 7--'-' -- - s • • 501S5·10l - · - r ·'- -O n ' -·- ·-r -' rr 1 -' ' · '''-'''O ' 'r ''''''''''''''''''''' '-- '''''''''''''''''' ' ' - - r --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc i 9g6417008 Date 10 11 2017 Ii I _ _ _ _-- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431078 Date 11 13 2017 B6 I I 'RELEASE PART 86 L -_ _- J aJ JEd lt 1-v IN LHU'I'EQ OFFICIAL Y6E £I DEPARTMENT OF STATE WashingtOn D C 20520 DISSENT CHANNEL I O n 1 t e d S ta t e s I n f o r m ation B6 Service American Embassy Mexico D F Mexico Dearl __________ I I B6 1 You will already have seen that the Department issued a statement c utioning Americans about the dangers of traveling in Sinaloa Although issuing a statement was already under consideration when your dissent message arrived your telegram provided an important and useful catalyst in focusing the process I want to thank you for submitting it and commend you for taking this initiative For your information the warning was also passed to the Immigration and Naturalization Service on December 31 who in turn passed it on to customs and immigration posts all along the US-Mexican border The American Automobile Association had already been briefed along the lines of the release We obviously will never know whether this announce-· ment has saved peoples' lives or property but in a case such as this we must make every effort to protect our citizens I am 'grateful to you for helping us do the job better 't Very truly yours Drafted S P TP ton vb x21744 7i2 77 Clearances CA - Mr Walentynowicz in draft ARA - Mr Luers in draft S P-OFP - Mr Boyer in draft LHH'f' SB OFFICIAL USE --_ _--- ---UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431078 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431090 Date 11 13 2017 j DEPARTMENT OF STATE W4Shrngton D C 20520 January S 1978 MEMORANDUM TO L S IG -'AmQassador'Yost ARA LA CAR - Mr Ashley Hewitt OFP Mr Douglas Kinney FROM PER G - Frederick Sm th Jr SUBJECT Request for Department Records Relating to Bridgetown ltJi th reference to our telephone conversation this afternoon attached is a copy of the letter requesting certain Department documents Attachment As stated UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431090 Date 11113 2017 - Doc No C06431366 Date 11 13 2017 - February 17 1976 • -b1 FROM SiP - Reginald BartholomevNti7 SUBJECT Dissent Message American Policy and Italy - A Critique This will acknowledge the receipt of your dissent paper on the Department's policies on Italy Mr Anton DePorte of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairperson of the Open Forum Panel • We commend your use of the dissent channel al d will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted • ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No E -2016-07743 Doc No C06431366 Date 11 13 2017 86 · ' 'LiNCLASSIFIEP f ' C1IQ i IIiFO $ Department l ' 'r z · tn · of Stat Case No ' F'-20'16-oi743 2 1 l o l1 12H D£r r rt u n 'lTlJtri Ii u L r E It · H Ii I'li I I ' U I1ltf-i T 1 1 Ie H r' I i C f'i lC ' r J £ -01 I G-JJ sso·ro I 'i' I __ - ' - • ·· ulM ll III lC l nllil I OCT 71 lr' f' f I ¥ SE li j i q 1C Ir I r 1 Z I I ' - -t to'11''' ''t ' 'No C06431619' bate '11 13 2017 811 l fl C · I 'Doc I t j I J C ·I 1 ' jr i li'E l •• RELEASE IN PART ' I L ' ' 86 II fi 1 J I I rr rLH r nL' ' illJ F - ' ' II · r·t l f i iUi I il t ' ' ' C ll 0 ti j'W i TO 'U'i iC PJ i· i 't I· I t f rSll li Ct f tHi H Tlfl l t I r ' r r r ' ' · f tiT iii t t r·i'Ia u rJ'i ' I' li I l f 1 F l ' FIi · crw C nll Ul OUt'i - I t If DOE la ''Jr H I tt h J r Q- rl tunlh rr i' ' i t ' IS L l $ i ' Ii ' 1 1 10 ct Cti l Ij t il ' C I ' ty l lt i _ L J Y Pi r I C ' I tH I I C os AfflfJ'$ Pntf' IS t F · ' l' ' I r c t T c r C C ' Sf li LfE 'ES Hlr T rCl' ITI L r I c 'r' 'm if'S hOlLin' TIJ Sif ill· li il lAl U i r lJiiHHS to c ' fn E f r hK J' r lWT CUT ' J H UIl' fl i 'f Tllhl lllt L ' £ 1 1 ·RIl'S li 'i iii thili i itICk Olter H Il r tPi ' llf'i'O T rf ' it £ U G U iJ SUtj i' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431619 Date '11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431529 Date 12 11 2017 INCOMING Depar11nent Of Sta te PAGE OJ SAlmA 99018 2226 -' SAl Till GSDIS D4I6111 RELEASE IN PART 86 'TELEGRAM D41BIlZ ACTlOW fllFO OCI-OJ ES-DI ISO-OO SSO-OB Ifi04 I ------------------nm12 G4i821Z 170 o u msz 11O 71 fn AHEIIBASSY SAlITl GO TO SECSIAl IIAsaoc IIIAcr II1HEDIATE 3 e' ALI EAD TAKEn BY lOUR GOV£RIIHEIIl TO SAFEGUARD AIID PRONOTE HUMn ItlGUTS I SIlIC£RElY HOPE -THAT IT IIlll BE POSSIBLE TO UIIDERlAKE FURTK£R IIIITIAlIVES III tHE UEAR fUTURE AnD THAT cimE IIIlt SOD I lAKE ITS RIGRIrUL PLACE MAW AMOU tHE IlAlIOUS THAT HAVE rUlH COIlSTlTUTlOnAl PARTICIPATORY D IIDCRACIES Enn QUOlE 7Jl 2 6 SWGED E T SAtlTlAGO 5UI I BOYAll 01 SSEUT CRA WElIII II I11111111I111111 1111111 Eo o n6$ GOS TAGS CI SNU 1 SUBJECT DISSElIT IIcSSAGE A£ORAFtiNG or CARIER PIlIOCHET LEifER TillS HESSAGE TRArlS HTS A U SSEflT ClIA l IEL VIEI POIIIT REF STATE Z623gS REQUESTED DISTRlaUTIOll ARR AIIO lise 1 THE UIIDERSIGIIEO StUEVE tHIlT TRAIlSHiTTAl TD PRESIDEIiT PIIlOCHET OF THE LETTER FRON PRESIDtllT CARTER REFfEll 1iDULO IlEEDL£SSL Y PREJUDICE REAL HUHAtl RIGHTS IIIPROYEHEIII HI CHIlE ACCORDIIIGL Y II PROPOSE THAT IT BE REDRAfTED TO TARE IIITO AccounT THE CHROIiDlOGY Dt EVElns nURllIG tals lEEK AlID TO CLARIFY THAT THE US DOES 1I0T IIITEflD to IHPOSE A SPECIFIC POl ITICAL STRUCTURE 011 CHILE • • 2 DBJECTHlH 1 OU flOVENBER 3 THE GOC AIlIIOUIICEO THAT nlnA CIIi HEAD MAf UEl COI TRERAS MOULD BE REPLACE BY RETIRED ARMY GEIIERJll MElIA III O HAY HAVE SEEIl FeRCED IIITD RElIREflWT III DtTOCER ISH BECAUSE OF illS OPPOSITIDIIIO THW-OIIIA'S AOOSES O lIlDVEHBER 4 PRESIDE IT PIUOCHET TOLD US COIIFIOEflTIAllY THAT HE PLA UfEIl TO COMMUTE THE SENTEIICts OF PEIIDItIG DL 5D4 CASES AUO SPEED UP THE PROCESSIUG OF THOSE IN TRIAL 3_ THE CARTER P1I10CHET LETTER 8EARS THE DAlE OCTOBER 31 DHCE THAT LETTER SECOMES PUBLIC Ilt ID liE ARE SORE THAT 11 1I1tll PIIIOCHET 1I1ll BE SEEil TO HAVE HEEfl REACTIIIG TO THIS USG PRESSURE PlI10CHET IIILt CERTAIIlL Y COMPREKEJlD HIS SITUATIon AS sonll AS HE RECEIVES THE tETTER -- 1I1TH UUFORETOID COtISrQU£lltES TO HIS STill PRIVATE DECISIOll 011 THE PRISOllER REUASE AIIO 1I0RSf IIIiK THE OllG'RUJI FEn I IG THAT HE HAD 8EEII VICTlM'ZEn BY PRESIOWl CARTER ACCOROIJIGtY if SELIEVE iHE LETTER SHOULD BE R DRArIED III KllOlilEDGE THAT TH Goe rOOK MID liAS FLAIIHII1G TO TAKE THE AFOREH llTlO lED STEPS PARA 5 COIITAIIIS SUGGESTElI WORDIIIG 4 OBJECTIOn 2 AS 11011 D AFTED IH THIRD PARAG llPn OF IHE lEHER SPEAKS OF THE llEED TO RESTORE IHE DEHOCRATIC TRADltlOU' III CKIU III THE CHllEAtI COllT£XT IT HAS A VERY SPECIFIC H£AtIlIlG A IIEPlICATIOll OF THE POLITICAL ST VClURE E1 ISTIIlG PRIOR TO THE 19'3 COUP I1EITHER THE Goe nOR FUTURE HISHlRIAtlS ARE LIKElY TO IIlTERrlln TH I 5 SElITEIlCE AS IIR' THII TO MEAlI OTHeR THAll An APHWI SlRAT I 011 ATTEMPT TO IMPost l SP£C Inc POUTI CIAl STRUcruRE III HILE fURTHERMORE THE HIL ITARY HAS AS A PASIC TEUET IIlSISTEO THAT IT 1I0ULD IIOT RESTORE THE OLD SYSTEM EVEII SON£ OEMDCRATIC CRITICS OF THE REGIME URGE SIG1UFICAIIT UlSTITUTIO lAl CHAIIGES BY HAKIIlG RESTORATlOU l SlUe QUA 11011 tOR IUPJlOVED RElATIOIIS liE I Ill HAVE mECTlVELY EUtllI AlEO OUR lEVrRAG£ Oll THE lioc FOR PROGRESSIVE CHAIlGES THE EVE lTUAl OUlCOI1E Of III ICH HEITHER II 1I0R THt Goe CAH PREDJCT AT THIS liNE PARA S IIICDRPORATES HORE APPROPRIATE 1I0 OIllG S II URGE REPLACIIIG EX1$tWG PARA J OF m T OF R l'l£l IIlTH 9UOT£ AS I 1I01£D OUR IIlG OUR COllVERSAHon HUHAII RIGHTS COIISIOEHATIOIIS REHAW lRE lAJOR OBSTACLE TO RESTORATJOII OF THE TRADITIIllIAL Y CLOSE REtATlOJIS BETIIE II THE UIlITED STATES AtID CHilE I EARtlESTlY HOPE SUCH fRIEilOLY AltD 'CLOSE RElA IOIiS CAlI GRADUALLY B REESUBLISHED BETII ElI OU TlIO tOUJlTRIES I APPRECIATE THE STEPJO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431529 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 6 r - • TELEGRAM Department of State IRELEASE IN PART 861 eeNF BENTXAL PAGE 01 STATE 5542 148081 62 ORIGIN SS-G 5 INFO OCT-0 ISO-00 SSO-00 NSCE-00 102 R DRAFTED BY EA LCIJDROSENTHALIEBS BY EA· RHMILLER EA L • MKHUNTINGTON CDRAFT S S O Ma TANNER APP OVEO _- o 200048% 1I J6577 JUK 75 FM SECSTATEWASHDC L TO AME MBASSY VIENTIANE IMMEDIATE INFO AMEMB4SSY BANGKOK IMMEDIATE c e N FIB EN' A L' STATE 146081 EXDIS EaO a U6B21 TAGSI GOS MASS LA SUBJECT I HILITARV RICE POR LAOS R FSI B ell DII A VIENTIANE 4372 BANGKOK 11686 STATE 143 50 BANGKOK 11478 BANGKOK F O R I 86 I RECOGNIZE ARGUMENTS NOTED PARA 2 REF A ANO AGREE THAT CUTOPF RICE DELIVERIES SHOULD BE UNDERTAKEN IN A WAY AS CONSISTENT AS POSSIBLE WITH MAINTENANC OF MISSION ANO SAFETY OF REMAINING PERSONN L II AT SAME TIME IN LIGHT OF CONGR SSIONAL FEELING HERE AND DECISION TO TERMINAT E MAP AS OF JUNE 0 WE DO NOT BELIEVE WE CAN JUSTIFY COMMITTING EVEN REMAINING 'Y 78 FUNDS TO SUSTAIN PROGRAMS SUPSTANTIA LV PE¥OND THAT DATE NOT TO BE REPRODUCED - - - - - - _ - WITHOU'8ftf lM IZATION --------- --- - - - - - - ---- -- OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETA RY -- ____ •• _n _ _ _ ________ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 E Department of State X TELEGRAM 'SElNFI9ENTIAL PAGE 2 ·S fA t'E 145081 BEFORE WE 'CAN DECIDE THIS MATTER HOWEVER URGENTLY NEED YOUR ANSWERS TO FOL LOWING I '2 8 A WHEN WILL PRESENT MAP RICE STOCKS AND FINAL 'DELIVERIES UNDER CURRENT CONTRACT RUN O Tg AND WHEN WOULD DELIVER1ES OF ANY NEw PURCHASES BEGIN TO ARRIVE IN LAOS' 'B WHAT DO YOU ANTICIPATE WILL' BE SPECIFtepOLtTleAL AND ECONOMIC EFFECT OF CUTOFF INCLUDING EFfECT ON PGNU AND FAR ATTITUDES TOWARD MISSION AND USG IN GENE AL' • 'C IF DECISION IS NOT- TO CONTRACT FOR MORE- RICE WHEN IN YOUR PINI0N SHOULD WE 'XNFORM LAO OF THIS DECtS ON1 D IF 'P ERIOD 4 8DN NEL LEVEL DELIVERIES WERE TO BE CONTINUED FOR SOME 'MINIMAL BEYOND JUNE 30 IN ORDER· TO SAFEGUARD U S PER · DURING AND XMMEDIATELY' AFTER DRAW DOWN TO MINIMUM WHAT DO YOU BELIEVE fHIS PERlOD SHOU D BE POR I J COUI D' CONTR'ACT BE NEGOTIATED BY 'JUNE' FOR LESS 'THAN AMOUNT NOrED REF Of KISS'INGER r3 • 30 't SSN'19ENTIA NOT TO BE REPROD1JCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORI TION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445707 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445817 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 Dear Mr Lord I QPpreciate your cernments en my dissent paper Qnd will try to implement them If however the Secretary sheul i decide the issue befGre my revised revisiGn arrives I think the Sept l9 version Qbout five pages ·makes most of the major points Since the AF position paper is censfderably langer I hope a dissent will be deserving af equQl attention Qnd therefore my final dissent paper may exceed the two pages you suggest Sincerely 1 86 CC M r Djerejian '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445817 Date 12 11 2017 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446189 Date 12 11 2017 It - 7 « c i' ' • t' k t' •• err t Depart111ent Of Stat PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 STATE OCT-Gl IS0-00 l FO C •• OUTGOING TELEGRAM UNCLASSIFIED ' I - ' 'II - ' '-'- RELEASE IN PART 86 • 411 197 0552'H A-a1 SS 15 ONY-B0 019 R 'DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY APPROVED BY S P ALAKE M - PKENNEDY P RJHARRINGTON A - RFALK P OKINNEY DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P M A ONLY I1 I41416Z 14 ------------ -----116774 R 32053Z MAR 78 FM SECSTA E wASHoe TO AM MaASSY SANTIAGO - I -' UNCLAS STATE 055201 1'1652 E O TAGS AGEN ASCH SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON POLICY ON ADEOUACY' OF OVERSEAS SCHOOLS REF SANTIAGO 1223 77 STATE FOR '- -_---'1 AND I THANK YOU FOR YOUR MESSAGE ON THE DEPARTMENT'S L I_ _ _ 86 ---'I FROM S P - LAKE OVERSEAS SCHOOL POLICY SINCE YOUR D'ISSENT CONCERNS AOMINISTRATIVE POLICY I HAVE ASKED THE OFFIOE OF THE IN DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT CONJUNCTION WITH THE BUREAU OF ADMINISTRATION TO REPLY TO THE QUESTIONS ' YOU HAVE RAISE'D IN ADDITI lN TO THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT AND THE ASS STANT SECRETARY FOR ADMINISTRATION COPIES OF YOUR EDUCATIONAL AND THE FOLLOWING HAVE ALSO TELEGRA C LTURAL THE A SISTANT AFFAIRS ADMINISTRATOR FOR PROGRJAM AND OPEN FORUM ' RECEtV D SECRETARY FOR UNCLASS THE AID ASSISTANT ANAGEMENT SERVI ES · THE AND THE 'AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION AND THE FAMILY LIAISON OFFICE CHRISTOPHER - ' UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446189 Date 12 11 2017 q UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 - - ------- _----- _ - -- - ---_ - ---- -----------'-- ---------- ---- of State LIMITEO OFFICIAL USE PAGE I BANGKO TELEGRAM 549 272352Z 057 7 62 ACTION SS-14 INFO OCT 01 1015 01 002685 R 260901Z APR 72 FM A EMBASSY BANGKOK TO SF-CSTATE WASHOC 2923 L'l tTEO OFFICIAL c 0 USE BANGKOK R C TEO 'C 0 P Y 5767 fRAISE CLASSlrICATION TO LiMITED OFFICIAL USE PER R PE ERSON siRC USOM BANGKOK DISSENT CHANNEL Sv8JI STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBING OF HAIPHONG THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED BY I I I OFFICE OF FIELD OPERATIONS i '----E ECUTIVE ASSISTANT Tb 'THE DIREOTOR I OFFitE OF' p 'OGRAM I OFF I CE OF PROGRAM AND •I OFFICE OF FYELO OPERATIONSo 2· i THE AROve-MENTIONEO U ITEO STATES FOREIGN SERvrtE RESERVE O FrrERS CURRENTLY SERVING ITH THe AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSDH IN THArLA D HEREiN FORMALLY REGIS ER 00R OPP0SlTION Tn THE RECENT' MILITARy ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED STATES A041NST THE DEMOCRATIt REPUeLIC OF VIETNAM 30 w HAVE CHOSEN T IS MENTHOD TO COMMUNIc TE OUR DISAPPROV L AS IT REPRSSENTS THe SQLE QrFICIALLY SANCTIONED FORUM FOR 'FOREIGN Sf V CE EMPLOYEES TO EXPRFSS THEIR DISSENT AND BECAUSE WE CO 5rDER ANY UNRESTRATNEO PUBLIC CRITICISM ON OUR PART EiTHER E NALLY OR T ROUGH THE NEWS MEDIA AS SERVING NO USEFUL PURPOSE £VERY r ONCEIVA8LE ARGUMENT' FOR OR AGAINST THE WAR HA jNG LO SINCE DEEM M A D E ' ' P -' r c i 'l WE ReGARD THE AIR ATTACKS AGAINST FUEL AND OTHER STORAGE - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - _ ••• ' - • - •• • •• - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 J B6 I B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 ------- -- -- ----------------' Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OFF1CIAL USE P GE 03 8ANGKO 05767 72352Z EHIND THE NARROW I MI iTARY nOMINATED OPTioNS WHI H WERE CONSIDERED THE ONLY VALID ONES DURING THE 1960'S IF NEW OPTIONS AR TO 8E CONSIDEREPI WE cONSIDER IT ESSENTIAL THAT wE NOT iLLow OURSELVES TO 6E TEMPTED TO USE THE OLD AND EASILY AVAILABLE E £DIENTS lAS WE DID IN THE BOMBING UNTIL WE HAVE EXHAusfED 11t OTHER MEANS UIII LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471297 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471759 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 October 3 1972 Mr I 86 l702' B u r n eY A v e n u e -- Charlottesville Virginia 22903 Dear r 86 L I _ _- - - - - ' Thank you for your letter of September 16 concerning the' Limited Official Use administrative designation of two airgram submitted by you to the Department through the Dissent Channel on July 17 and 21 of this year As I informed you in my letter of July 28 the Limited 0fficial Use designation of these messages will be maintained beyond August 1 1972 The legal justification for this acti9n s found in 5 FAM 951 and 952 3 a copy of which is enclosed • In the view of this office which '1as the recipient of the messages in question the material contained therein warranted the retention of its original administrative control designation Although information relating to the existence of and operation of the Dissent Channel is unclassified the channel itself is not intended as a public forum to which unlimited access is permitted On the contrary it reflects the privileged relationship bet een those who use it and the most senior officers of the Department ana provides at outlet for the free expression of views within'this framework The State Department's security regulations specify that information re ceived through privileged sources is material which should be administratively controlled 5 FAl-1 952 1 • I enclose also a copy of t ese regulations I hope this will help to clarify the matter Sincerely 'yours Signed William J Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff' Enclosures As stated Clearances Drafted S PC BGrove L M HShamwell jk 10 3 72 x21140 H - Mr Prentice M - Mr Gammon SY - l-ir Shea SIS - Mr Miller UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471759 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472153 Date 01 11 2018 -- -- L --_ - • RELEASE IN PART _ - - Department of State 1--- 86--- ------ - 1 LIMITED OFfICIAL USE PAGE I 44-41 ACTION INFO TE UCI r 2313 797 1017q9Z SSwl1l OCT-01 II' q5 W 035H6 R 072205l JUL 7 FM AfEMBASSY TEGUCIGALP TO SECSTATE WASHDe 21R3 LIMITED OFFIcIAL USE TEGUCI ALPA 0231 OISSF NT CHANNE L I T IS CARLE TR NSMITS A orSSENTIN VIEW VGENERAL SERv J CES OFF cER • SU HITrEQ BY 2· OLJR POLICY OF NON INTli RYENTlON IN BURUNDI DURING MASS·IYE· ·· MURDERING OF HUTU TRtRESMEN COULD BE A EPEAT OF RECENT·EVENTS IN 8 NGLADESH· WE SEEM TO' BF WAITING UNTIL nEPORTED oSELECTIVE GENOCIDE HAS RFSU TEO IN THE ELiMINATION OF ANY·DISS DENT HUTU LEEADERS SUCH DISPLAY 'OF TUTSI POWER HAY INDEED RESULT IN SUBSEQUENT TRANQUILITY IN BURUNDI RuT IT WOULD SEEM FOOL SH TO ISPEL T E FUTURE DEVELOPME T OF THE HU U MAJORITYo 3· t IT IS TRUE TH T WE DO OT HAVE LEVERAGE IN BURUNDI ANO WE CANNOT ALTER THE SITUATIO THEN I SHOULD HOPE O R POLICY waULn FOLlO TH T OF VARI6us INTERNATIONiL HUMANIT RIAN AGENCIES WWIC 5 USPENDED ASSIST NCE SINck WE HAVE NO AID PROGRAM POTE TIAL LIMINATION OF FUTURE AID RATHER THAN SU PENSION MAY pROVIDE TH LEVERAGE DISASTER RELI F IS OF 0UBIOUS VALUE 0 1 I-E HUTUS AND vlILL PROBASLY 8E·MORt BENEF'lCIAL TO ·THE 'CoN TROLLI G TUTSI GOVf NMENt IF THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WERE TO VOTE ON T F' ISS J OF SUPPORTING THE gURUNDI GOVERNMENT DURING THIS CRISI THEY MAY ELL'PREFER RREAEH OF DIPLOMATIC RELATIONS TO AUGM NrATION OF DISASTER K LIEF RYAN NOTEl U CLAS CLASSIFICATION USE PER MR TRENT iBPCI CHAN ED LJMIT D HANDLED AS I ITED OFFICI L OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472153 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 - 1- - 0 ' J IRELEASE IN FULL ---- _------ _- - - _------- ---- • r ' f -- j Depadfftent of State TELEGRAM • 44 ACTTON ' F-18 INFO ' Or T 1 EUR·2 CTAF -00 G AC-01 '36 N -10 TNR 0Q F e' 11 w PM- 8 NSAF - IIQI -02 MC·02 OI Dr - DI AM P AS Y S 14 4rr V' RC R- j ' T SC - ' •• • • • p R '41 Z JAN 7 M AMEM ASSY ADnlS AAA TO CSTATE WASH C p IO tTY INFO AEFM ASSY O '93 ·4M AAS Y LOND AM 6AS Y N L-0 ' RSC-01 nHFh ll T-P 3' AOP' ii 0 PRS-01 MOGADISCIO MOSCOW AMC MBASSY NAI O ' AMj ''1 AS8Y PARt A MF'''1I 1 AS Y ROME AM eAsqy TEL AVfV USC I NCEI lR # AMt I INSUL ASMARA I SU Jt IM tC HroIl'lS 'nR IJS POU CY'''F' TIoI OM4LT TH EAT • TO ETHI' PTA I TIJI TI LEGFlA'1 oJHTCI-I SI lM A 'Il C AN ATFH31 'AM T4AT' we E'XPE'CT TO POUrH O JANU RY S HAS 6 EN APP OVED Y TUE CDUMT Y TEA'1 UT rT CDMMENDATIONS ARE SI' JECT' Ta TH C NrURqrNc nF A RASSAOOq ADA I CURRENTLY TN WAS JNGTON rTS GtSJ J T AT wE 8ELtEvE TY US 'OUlD TAKE TMM E'' JATF 'IT£PS TO c SJ · r nnl'lPJA 1M THF LIGHT OF T E RROWING OM AL rLJT RY TH EA' TH O T JMPOqTA T OF THF 'C E' 8c 'ING THE 'TOTAL ELIMTNATION Ot ' TIJ ' $ I-1TLLII IN SHORTJ 'AL'L tN US MTLJTARY AS IS' NCE WHICH p EqENT Y AOPE RS LI LY FOR y ' 73 I AND OF ANY oRIJSPp CTJ vr SHORT A LL' r f FY 74 ' 2· OVER THE LAST YE t ET JDpr AN cntl C Eq J OVE o 'lSSTSLf SOMALI AGr oE'SSrON IN 1H FUrURF HAS REATLv INEREA En T4E CONSrOE A Lv rNC EAS O STRfDENCY OF SOMALI T RqITORtaL M OSt TYF OMiNOUS - ' -- S't 'E CD lItEI L ' UNCLASSIFIED U S 'Dep rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 -_ - - - • •- - - - _ _ 0_ Depar'tment Of State •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• • _ TELEGRAM' • LA V OF' SOto1ALl TPijTF I I ST It J MF 'ASURrS TO'- rM R'1V Qe I ATIONS' THE ExoLTCIT THREAT OF oR SJD T 9JA Try U FD C TF P ACEFUL TACTTCS FAIL T4E qeALt ATION THAT qATS TN qT_ Ee AY SOON OC UQ J OIL IS I V QED IN COM E C'A U NTITIFS THE EW T AT THE O TETg WILL GO VEqv q '0 eATI FY SOMALI ARMS E UF STC IN nPOFR TO F'OPI TALL' A N TI-lE OliYT r A STYLF OUSTe nEVI 'Lnp rNTS SUGGF nY lG THI POSS IUTV OF r ATEc' r l TERNAL Utl ORT FOR THE ElF' TNSURGF NCYt Vb R'OU INH'RVeNTTONIST' ACTS OF cnLO EL QADH FI WHICH SUGG ST THE pn S1 'LTtY nF LTeYAN UPOORT FOR SOMA IA T A F'UTU E cnNI 'LTrr WITH tT4TOpIAt JN CREAREO DOUBTS QEG QnTN THE CONTTNUATT N n qYGNTFrCANT us MIL'TARY SSJSTANCE' AND A KEENER A A S O T cEROR'S OPT4LJTY WJTH LL T AT TMPLIES OQ ET4IaoIA' nS I LE VUL ' lEcASILTTYI ALL T e S -' HAVE CO 1BIN D TO 4F IGI- Tr l CI' NCERN' CLOSE TO ALARM 3' THE OST OMJ l10US DEVELAgME T ' F' ALL H- 8 rN 4N APPARENT SINCE JULY 1 197 IN THF TEM ' OF SryVTET' nELIVERIES nF MtLITARY EQIITPHENT' Tn f'lALH AND J THe 4RiO'lVAL' 'F SOVIET MILtTARV ADVISORS T E FACTS 1r W ICH T4EY A 4WARE CONCERN FT YOPJ NS DEEPLYl T4clo U CERTAINTV W TY EV N MryRr SIGNTFT CAt T DF LIVERIES AA VE RFrENTLV OC CI RIU O OR IILt SI-IODTLY OCCUR woqoTES THEM EVEN MORE rNCQ ASF 4 THTnprAN MIL TARY L ADE S CONSIDEq 'H T TY p EqE T SOMALI TH T r LLS FnR su AJOR TREN T4E T G T r PTAN FORCES AS 4 M rHA rZED t F'A TRV Rqt AREI NUMEQOU 40rytTInNAL AJPeR_FT iNCPEASFD AlR DEFEN RAOAR COVER4 A D Jr HT D qN PATROL or qA To YET ALT OV$H NU E nUS ET TO M L 4 lS H4V E N EMgHAslzr JG TH r CONCER TO U oECT IC QE U STS AonfTTONA us 4SSISTANCE T EV A E IA1'I 18 j8321 i 1 AVE THU EE Sv 6qlSI'GLY ODEq swn Tr LL I US ASSISTA C WHICH WI ' NTICloATE IN FY 73 WE e Lt v T AT M E SURST TI4L P t '''C'ST- 4RE L I 1 F 1 Y EF'ORE LONG l 40' JF 'V II 11 ' f JOTE pI TH TS CO'I fCTTO THE FO EIAN I JSTSR'S R CE ' oQ DICTT N TH T Iq GovrpN NT ANn p S r LY THE EM EqOQ YT SEL rLL OON EQUEST A R JC DTSCUSSION OF' T4E SOMALI THqEAT WTTY THE AMAASSA OR AT 2' LAT ' O OT Y T AWARE OF TYE I lE' 4 h F LTEVE TI-I ANV 'AR INF'OR 'AT'tON'REGARI tN -THE D LIVEpy OF MJG-fIS Oq' T- 4 TAN S T1 aMALrA WOULD TR1 GER A CONSIDE A8L TNCQEA E TN TH RBr cy ANn GN1TUDE F ET JnpI N RE UES $ I j 'J SEC E' • _A - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ' Oepar1m nt of State ' TELEGRAM' • SEe E' PAnE 03 _oors 7 I F 2 '215292 5 WE AI E 8Y NO 'MEANS' INCLINEn TO RrrGAO CU Pc lT EXPREsSrO n APPREHEN r N AS 4 L V TO t PRESS THE' tIS WE uAVE NO DOUBT TH Y ARE SINrEQE A O T LAqG EXTENT WE CONstDEq THEM JUSTrFIEO • T4ER IS SU l I NT T I RtTORIAL APPETitr AN POLITICAL IM TABtLtTY IN SOMAL'A q TUAT THE POSSltBIL ITY nF A FUTURE DESrQ TO ATT CK TYI0PtA O I8LY IN A PERIOD nF CONFUSION FnLCowr G THE EMPE O I D T MU T QE TAKEN ' SEQrOUSLY THE SDVIET WILL OPFFULLY E TO VEQT rHIS ANGER BY CARE ULLY TH OTTL1NG TY IR OELtVERt S T S MALTAI UT WITH TH YR R CORO IN THE AQA I RAELr CONFLYeT t tN wr CANNOT AFFnPD TO BE OV RLY lPTTMIC TJC ON TIofIS seO C OVJET' D LrVERIES qI JULY II 1972 AVE NnTICEA LY THOUG OT ORASTICALLY ST NGTHENED SnMALr ILTT RY CAPARILJTT S r U JUDG ENT' F T4iOPI HAS Gooe REAS M tN C NSE UENC TO T GTH N IT MILt TA V PO TURE AND SHOULD CE TAINLY SEE O TO ABLE ·STRENGTHE N tF SOM4LrA SOON ACQtJr ES O TS F U O T' 4VE ALREADY ACRIJIRE J SUCH IMPORTANT AODITtONS s A STr T CA T QUANTITY OF MI IS ANO T-54 TAN S ET r PIAN 6' IF' T IF US REACTS TO 1 clE ONTrNUATrnN nF CU RF NT· q C NT F T4t PI4113 ATTTTUO€ 4P PE E'Nc I N AN p n RAH BY A T ENns rNrl UDI 'G A MAP t EV t · or $1 1 HILLION ip 6 MILLl N ElCLUOING PC4T - P CKAGTNG' C ATtNn HANDLTN A TQAN oO TAT10NI OR THr FleCAL YEAR NO PR08AqLY FURT R r TS tN THE N XT ISCAL YEAR T4E lEG WILL NClUD THAT us F JENO T IS OF V RY LIMtT EO VALU AND THEIR LEAOE WILL EF L r NS A L rSILLUSrON ENT AND ITTERNEqS' WF D NOT ANTICIP1 E T4AT T TS WILL CAUS AASTC C4ANGE IN ITS ATTTTunE TOWA Dq Kft N W EV RE OA AGE TO nTHE MAJOR uS INT REST IALT U H A C V AT MU 9E INSERTEO THAT A TENNECO OfL STRJ E COULO AT ANY I ADO A AD ITIONAL liS TNTEQEST IN ETHT prAII aUT 1T WILL P O AqLY' A E IT S EWHAT HAIUH R e'OR THE us TO ATTA N lTS '1 JECTlVES ' TTH R GA TO 4 Wln qA GE OF rSSUE IN U ETHroPrA iT 'Nq viG qous ET TnPJ N EFFORTS TO n TATN ILtTARY E WIP NT ON C E IT ROM OTY R NnN·COMMUNJST OURCE CAN C TAIN Y' p NTl IJPATED MANY cOU TRrES OULD GRAOU LLY CONCLUD THAT US ILLIN NESS TO HELo TTS FRIENDS IN Tr E r SToESS HAD R ACHEO A V QV LOW EVEL A LI v N 4RMED ELF' 'IGHT nF CtOE' TI TTACI K4r J IF IT' SAW CLEARLY H014 OrSJNCLINEn THE U wA'r TO ASSIJMe 4 Jy UqTI l O JNVOLVEMENT IN ETHTOPIA LASTLyj THF RF WOULO BE A OM WH T G AT R DANG R OF RO 'c FOI1M OF SCMALt AG REC SIO AG r ST' Tl-fT 'PT A T4ANI IF THe U·q HAD CONT TBUTE A LETTL MORE Tn TYfOPIAN TQ NGTH SEC ET - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ---------------- Depat' tml nt Of State TELEGRAM • 7 ' C I- OUlD THEF E aVEhJTU ALL Y' BE AN' nUTMt 41C nr -' C ME FOR OF HOSTILITIES WJT SOMALTAJ THE otSADV ANT GE F' TyE US MENTIONED IN TI-IE PRECEDING °ARAGRApH WOULD E rNT NStr 't n ' THES CONSEgUENCER' OFtA SIMPLE COhJTT U4TrOhJ OF RrCEN 0s ATTrTlJDES AND PROC R AM TREhJ S ARE C Uc 'F'IC'tENnV UNF'LEASANT' IN OUR VI W TO JUST1FV A THOROUGH SEARCH F R AOOfTTONAL ACT10NS WHICH THF US COULD TAKE AT pRESENT TO R A SUQ T t OIA TO STRENGfHE go tTS MILITARY CAPA JLJTIESJ AND TO L SS N TH LJ E HOOO OF SOAMLt AGGRESSrO T E RESULT$ OF' SUCH AN vA l ATrON ON OUR' PAQT AR SUMMARIZED TN THE FOLLowrN p A AaPAPYC 1 i 11 4 01 - J SEE EJ • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01111 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of 8tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO 472799 Date 01 11 2 018 -------------- ------ - --- --------------------------- ' Department of'State TElEGRAM' ' • PAr F c 1 A ODIS 0071 '12 nF 012 ·161' 'Z 44 ACrfON F-18 t O OCT l L· EOR·2 NEA-10 CIAE INP · 9 He A I E 1 I Mr ·A2 AOP S4E 0 P N r i nOD H·0 T SE -Pl0 ' 1 1 - ··•••·•••• • ••• u 2214-18Z JAN 73 FM A EMRASSY ADDIS A AaA TO ECSTATE WA DC P 1Q JTY 2984 INF A 8ASSY 60 N AMI ' aAS Y LONDON '1 P P AM eASSY AMF BASSY AIn 0 I SS 4 RSC 0i OM8-01 C · 0 ka7 VJ _ ' ' Y-P 3 i 136 W I OGADISC10 MOSC W A MF M8AS$Y NAIRO AM BASSY AM -4BAS Y AMr AS Y PARJq ROME' TEL Avtv lJ S ' r 1C IJ R 7 NfI'OMC n NStJl' c A E Tl-lAT A 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Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 ------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 --- - - ------- - - _------------- - 'J TElEGRAM Department· of 'State • TO EX ll ORE POSSI LF JSq ELI 4 S JCTANC I OF LOI VISITO ET JOPJAj tNCLUOING TN PO ' tLJTt S n T tANGULA ' TRf 6NSA TlnNS TNVOLVfNG TH Uq ' • ' T AT THE US CONSULT tN APPRnpt JATF CAoTT6LS Wtnl THE F NCH' GERMAN rTA TA S A O qPTTtqH Tn q44 4 ERSMENTS OF TH PRO LEM AND TO ASCERTAIN WHF T tO TH Y' r AK uSEFUL CONJE USALF M rlTTY TRPIUTIr 'NS -' THE nEPARTMENT CONSrOEq TH 'OESTqA TL1TY OF A HIGHLEV L AOPROCH TO APp rSE THE qOVJ T o QUP CryNCE N ANO TO REQU T TWEIR COOPEqAT'D TO JNJMI7E T4 D q OF AN ARMS' RAC ANn FUTURE HOSTTtJTt S '3 T A T THE nEP ARTMENT REV lEW QPT IONS ·F'n AN I P OVE'MENT 1111 US oFL 4TIONS wrTH SOMALJA AND A SlJB e U NT TN qI A E 1 1 Us' IN F T AT F'LU NCE THERE 'i u T AT THE pe SrpILTTY OF ILYTARY VISTTS TO THrOPIA AND bF' r ALLS T MA SAWA AY DET4C ED 7 T H FL T T4 o VAL EL v MEf' IT WARPA'VT AS CIRC11 'STAN €S AY F' COI I 1 I 'QE 'I I ' DUR MAAG I ENCOURAGrNG lEG srLF-HFLP M AqUPE TO JMPROVE tTS 'YL TTARY Pf' C TURE THERe APE MANY A C'frO ' C l CH Aq AN' IMPROVEr r O lMANO ANI CONTROL stRUCTURe ANI V4RrnI JS o PU' YM NT' IMPROVE MENT WHICH IT HAS 8E N REr OM ENDtN AN WUYCU IT WTLL CnNTTNUE TO PR M T VIGOROUSLY I' WITH R GARD TO US MILJT RY ASSTSTANce A HORT ALL OF 83 TLLTON IF OM THE OOn AP 08JE01YVE' 1 5 TLL ON NOT tNrI IJOI IG PCHT NO' APPEARS LIKELY I 'OI F-Y 7' 1 4 1 IE SUSPECT SI-IORTFALL rOR r y 74 WILL 8e EVe N G F 'A r Q IJ F 'VC NTS TO TA E THrtR ATIJRAL C UR e SUCy SHORTFALL COULD PE APS HAVE BEFN DTr EST O WITHOUT lSNAr tDT4 LF D4MAG TO US TNTc-PE ns IF ETHIOP1AN-SOMALTA REI ATTOt 'S Wr f w AoPROVIMATEI Y THI ' C AMr AS WAS TI-lE' r AS 6 YEAR A o T44T' T I IECJf'lELY N' T THE THH AR TH ALL WEn t 4Sr - UO IDF R PRC SENT CJPCUMSTANCE TN T M OF' US rNTE EST TH Tn n we ' T1TAL At iC IP G E'AT' T'1°0 TI NCE F 1 T ATJ Or THE SHn T ALL THREATENI NG FOp ' ROTH FY NE nED QOT IN TERMS OF TWE' REAL H tr' FY 74 SIJC4 ACT'JON IS O 6 l' THQ T AN THE EXPECT4- · TrO q W4JCH THE JEG r NrTTLEb T HAV£ R£A4 TNG U 4SS STANCE TN Tt E OF GAT RIN PE tL SSI'T C WHTCH YILL EQFLY PERMIT A STcAI HT-L1Nt ONTTNUA rnN OF WHrr H 8r GAN IN v 71'j WITH FULL T E MOn ST U MO FRN'Z4TrON PROGqA AP QOVA 12 wE Qe COMMENI THAT IHMEOIA TE STEoS p TA F N TO EL P1TNATE THE • ECqET I '--- I Ail UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 16-07743 Doc No CQ6472799 Date 01 11 2018 ___ 00- _ _ _ _ _____ _ ___ _ __ _ _ _____ ____ __ _ -- - ---------­ ' t Depanm-ent of State TELEGRAM • rMD NDl G $3 MILLION S41' PTF ALL' C OQ r y '10t f nF T4F FOLLOfoJpJr A P AC 4ESI 141 A BROADENTN I G AID THE PSCT UM AG JCULTUQAL OF SErT Q # I1 ANS t Ir C ASE' OF ONE OR 11 ' MAg fP 1 C OQ T E EXIST LOAN TO Peo IT AN T G SHIFT' OF SUPC Ot T I A I' r I nF'F' n I NG THE lEG LIGI LE C U·IJ G T q EsnURCE' S T JrFEN qy E N tTU S MJUTARv QUIPMC NT O A C r OJT · LE' S 4 fS AI Tf'o JqrVE AI IS TH 'fOST I' ESIRA LE 1 1 1'l1lQ VTF W RllT WE r COG T r TUE INTENSE wOPI nwrnE nEMANnS UPON A H KTNG AP U G T ALTEQNAT1VE 181 SHO ILO BE FEl c rBLF W T40UT MUCH DT 'C'fCI I TY r 1 OUR VIEW TO A L VEl OF ABOUT 9 0' T l YEAR AN I C A E F UP r $ ILLION IN FY 7 WOULD IN FACT RE p SSr L R 4 TuE $TANQPOrNT OF FTHI PTA'S A SOqP'IVE CAPACITrTE UT' p r9L NGRESSIO L ACTION IN THE LTGHT OF T4 puQpnSE F CTTON 6 2IS OF TH OR lGN AS ISTANCE ACT' WOULD E D'TO T4 N I TO ACCOUNT 1 5 WfLL 'A POSC IElLE P ORLF MS i n JNr CTE'D Wn u T4' CURQENT' rEG UNI' QSTANnING WJTH T E loRn THAT 4N UAL D F N r R E nING YNu r Rr 6 ER ILL NOT EXO D 4 PeRCENT 4LTr NATtV leI T AT THE DIS ADVA TA F nF AnofNG TO TNI0PIA'S PQESr T F'R TGN D AT UqDEN WHTCH AT IZ PERCE T IS ALREADY Aq VF T 1 P oCF T nALERT V l E TAALISH O BY THF J Rn JMF OR r THT JA TuE SUD F TARY F FFrTS DC FUTURE LOAN REPAYMENTS M6Y r VOLv o i SECTIO 62 IS 1'IIF 'ICULTH C3 Bur L S$ so THI ' T E LAqr R A· J tJAv nHTopiA EF NSE EXPENDITU E INvnLVED J ALTFRN4TIV IQI Wr DO NOT ' YOWr V R CO SlnrR T r SE Twn TSAOVA TA S n ALTEQNATTVE It I AS t Rtnu AS A LIS F'ATLIJQ Tn EUMT 1ATE T F SH 1c Tl 'ALL I W Lr EwIS ELn T E EA q s 01 ' nON $1 I· E O AC WE E rRIUNS FO RECOMMEND T AT ANY LT FtY Qr ALL FOQ I 'y 74 MILLtO N n PL'NNIN F' URl ' PS LTMi ATED 8Y M0RE OF THE AOP OACHES FT nQT T P4 4 I 0R'_I £TT R r F RMArIO A I' ING FY 74j WE wILL TRp MrT T rS TO · A CrUT ATc C 1'MO ATJVF 4 P A C AL lr ' 14 • 01l AS THE S PR vI E O 6lr ASSI 'l'4 JC I J THREAT Aq eUA T RY sn AS T4' TI € ALTI 'q·HTI E 12 AND I S -40ULO ETHrnpTb rLITA Y qr T TO BAl' CE WE NO P QC TV wr C p LLEn Tn SUF ICJENT TT PHASIZE HOWEVEQ THAT 90MALI QC C'J'1'1E 'JDF'O I G T O M4TIJ H IJL O CAPA TLJTIESI THRF E' THE EHo p M I TRr t tiTHC NING OJ ' SUCu AS WOULD LATfR RFSULl FROM OELrVEP IES OF' qrG 1F ICA T NU 8ER F MTa IS AMD r 54 TANKS WE WILL O VIOU LY EFO TO EASSJ 'SS THF 0Rn LF 15 ILTT RV SOMI PAR'TS OF nITS Te LEGRAM MAY A Q Aq TO UG E T THAT' WE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case Nol '-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 - - J I J • ----------_ r-'- _- ---- - DeparTinentol State TELEGRAM • HAVf IN MyND TU POSSJ TLTTY OF A T o i JTELV CONTINUING 'RA nc Sr ALATTOM Or U AC SIC T ANI 'E I'll s 'UTlI J vt l qS OT THE CAC E- w qEc N7zr THAT I THE n A ' T R AT FAS QAOIOLY A D T NTTNUALL' tN TLIE WTUD THAT' IS SHOULD I · THEQE WOULD COME· II T' E H TH u W UL AVE T nRAW T Lr SH RT OF I IN r Rc h C F 'O MTLlTAOY ASSISTANCE AflJO L A E ' ' E C Wtr -TS Tt · a£A THE ONUC OF StJ9SEQUF NT CONSFQIIC NCES TN OUt VU·' J I-fOl Vr q NOW IS I Er TDF LY NI T HIE TIM TO O AW SlIC' 6 U'fE TJ f f · IS STJLL AMPLE RE ON TO HOPE THAT A C NT1NUArTO I F WR nqT AL' PLANS FOq MILTTARY ASSISTANC TO THIOPTAI CO IN O WITH A C EiTING BY THE OVTI TS OF RE Ac nN 4p'LI · UMITS ON T4ETR AqSt TANC TO SOMALIAI WILL EF ECT VELY PqOT CT Uq JNTr FSTS ft D H Lo PR VF T THE I 0R' LEM F Rf M EP I PTp' INTt MrUrAC Y CON LtCT lNV LVtNG AS IT' WOULD nNLY THE RE TnRATION OF TH VERY S L AMOUNT OF PREVlnU LV PL NNED U H FFF T APPEA S FrNANcT L SuppnRT WnRTHWHILE GO I W fC4 V oECO MENDEO WYMAN' f I - e t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472799 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472910 Date 01 11 2018 Departme nt _of State LIMITfO OFFl IA USE TELEGRAM 1005 RELEASE IN PART 86 S ORIGIN IN'O SP 0 OCT 01 S 02 1006 R DRAFTED BY S P OFPIRFSHtTHiTAW APPROVED BY S PSPBSWXERS P 192139l S P 74 H $ECST1TE WASHoe TO AMEM6AS8Y aUITO PRIORITV LIMITED OFFICIA USE STATE 206874 DISSENT CHANNEL o 116521N A TlGSSOGEN SI t8JECTJ DISSENT MESSAGE FOR R F8 YOUR ETT R O 1 - 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _- ' FEBRUARY 23 TO DIRECTOR i SIP 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT 01 COP O REF RENC D LtTTER ON SEPTEMBfR 1 L ETTER WAS HlSRQUTEO BECAUSE NOT MARKED QUOTE DISSENT CHANNE UNQUOTE g PL EAS SE eU E lO USE THlS CAPTION IN ANY rUTUR US of CHANN LQ 2 MRg WIL ARO OfPREE 0' THE POLICV P ANNtNG STA lIP HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE TO THIS OISS NT MESSAGE u IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION 'D DISSENT MESSAGES YOU AIRGRAM HAS BtEN CfRCULATIO TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIV S CR TA V T E DIRECTOR OF PO lCY PLANNING STAF AND THE SECRETARY'S aPEN FORUM PANEL ADDITIONA COPIES AR£ BEING lENT TO TH DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY rOR MANA EH NT TM IN8P CTOR G NERA AND THE ASSiSTANT SECR TARV FOR CONaR S lDNA REI ATIONS g UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472910 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 Tegucigalpa Honduras February 2S 1974 RELEASE IN PART 86 • Director of Planning and Coordination Room 7 246 Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear Sir I would like to request official guidance through Department of State regulations in regards to overseas visits or correspondence by Congressmen or Congres al Committees personal experience is limited but I have consulted with others in positions similar to mine and find that Congressional requests can on occasion create problems involving the personsl integrity of employees of the Department of State Requests can be unethical personally distasteful or eveD illeg l The prescnt situation is confusing as there are DO official instructions and posts seem to operate so as to avoid ny possible repercussions or'inquiries by either the Department of State or tbe United Stntes Congress i r As an example of problems involving personal integrity or job integrity I offer the case of a U S Congressmaa using a U S Government leased eirplane to visit a reso t island off the coast of Honduras without proper travel orders Use of the leased airplane was nuthori ed at post only beCAuse there did not seem to be ether alternatives Problems thAt developed later when the bill for the use of the airpl ne v s analyzed were also'resolved at post with the attitude that it had happened and the post must accept its responsibilities Another example indicates that posts seem to be intimidated even by the correspondence f1 '0 11 U S Congress men As an example a U S Senator mailed United States cur ency through the diplomatic pouch for the purchase of contraband gemstones The gemstones vere purchased by a U S Gov rnment employee and returned to the Senator through the diplcnnaUc pouch ' 'his exal lPle is blatantly illegal with currency carried by the diplomatic pouch and gemstones being illegally imp9rtcd into the United States by-passing customs I would not think such misuse of the pouch is ommon but othing has changed from the viewpOint of the poat to prevent anothet Congressman from using the pouch for simllar personal profit •• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 Page -2The more common problem confronting employees at post will not involve legal questions but rather questions of ethics or taste reEer primarily to the s liclting of female companionship for the visiting Congressmen or staff -- What I have described nre instances bieh I would find methieal or illegal All are requ ts which 1 would conSider as improper conduct by an elected member o'£ Congress or for that matter anyone I see the problem as challenging the integrity 0$ an escort officer or certi ing officer ho finds himself in an undesirable position of acceptance of status quo and blind compliance with requests Even the meaning of 'p-oHticnl service 'or 'tribute 'chan'gcs 'here so 'that 'it 'does not apply to the situation My xamples are given only to provide background on wha type of problems could be directed at Foreign Service emplOyees The ii1tpetus for my request is that Stich things can happen and from observation ar e s times act U 8 lly anticipated and accepted l ·W at 1 seek is a reporting mechanism established within the Department of State lJhieh wo uJd allOl decisions rc1avent to Congressional requests to be 'made by the Department of St Rte and not by the individud Precepts for use of such a reporting system snould be minimal The objective is to let the Department of State assume the responsibility for those decisions ich have been determined by someone close to the situation as having legal or ethical complications The post at present does not have a working capability to question let alone refuse 8 Congressman's requcst It is not adequate to permit one's supervisor or other person to handle the problem unless the initial protest Or query is properly answered by the Deparonent of State • 1 therefore rcquest tbe Director of Planning and Coordination to propose official policy to give the responsibility for decisions related to the pr'opriety of a Coogressional request to the Department of State rather than the OverSeas post ' III 86 American Embassy Tegucigalpa ' ' 'r' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472986 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473682 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ • _ _ •• _ _ B_6-- _ · '_ __ _ 0' _ _ ' _ ' _ - - - - _ DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 Dear Mr September 24 1974 Lord When you make distribution of my dissent paper I request that it be made available not only to appropriate offices in the Department of State such as EB AV but also to the Department of Commerce Attn Mr Raul Meyer and to EXIM Commerce has the ultimate responsibility for deciding whether to issue the export license afte the State Department has given notice that it has no objections EXIM has been requested by the Government of Gabon to provide financing of the sale Both Government agencies'are aware of the state Department's long scrutiny of the sale of both the first and second DC-Ss and of the Rhodesian problem It seems to me to be in the interest of the us Government as a whole to make sure that any agency making a decision on this issue is aware of all the facts and of the arguments concerning the interpretation of these facts Otherwise decisions made by Commerce EXIM might be made on an inadequate knowledge of the situation SinceJ e_l_Y_' ________________ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473682 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474160 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1 J7 i-r CJ 1 • I IRELEASE IN FULLI M moranclum ''of Conversation DATE October 2 1974 Gabonese Efforts to Buy a DC-8 63CF UaJECT Mr John W Lentz Loan Officer Export-Import Bank PARTICIPANTS B Keith Huffman LIAF AF S - f lr T Cole AF C - Mr 1'1 Cutler AF - Mr J Foley COPIES TO On September 27 at 3·P John Lentz of EXn1 Bank came in at my request to review my file regarding Gabon's request for a DC-8 63CF M r Lentz carefully reviewed AF r s' 'final memorand J·to the 'Se'cretary Ms palmer's dissent memorandum and the' attachments to both He said that he did not need to review any of the rest of the file and aid not need to take any documents i th him ' Mr Lentz stated that he had just checked again with his Air Afriaue source that tipped off EXIM· about the Affretair deal and this source had once again confirmed that the new sale did not involve any transaction with Rhodesia Ml Lentz and I also d·iscussed the desirability of EXIM incorporating stringent prohibitions into its loan agreement if it elected to finance the sale This is discussed' in my memorandum for the record 'dated October 1 1974 ' ' 0' ' fil' L AF BKHu#fman rnmp J _ _ _ ••• - _ •• f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474160 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476353 Date 01 11 2018 ------------ ----- ' --- -- -' ---- -- -'-'' --'-- ----------- UNCLASSIFIED CTION Depa rtlll nt COpy SAN JO PAGE 01 ACTION SP-B2 03231 INCOMING TELEGRAM of State 111627Z -' 4532 RELEASE IN PART 86 00 AMAO-01 ES-01 A05-00 120333Z 7 2 ------------------170312 R 1I1453Z MAY 82 FM AMEMBhSSY SAN JOSE TO SECSTATE WASHDC 9894 INFO OCT-ee UNCLAS SAN JOSE 3237 E O 1·2065 N A TAGS ENRG TRGY CS SUBJECT TRADE DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMREF ALCO OL FEASZBZLI Y STUDY SAN JOSE 2556 I I I EOI-LOWING IS A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE DRAFTER IS REOUEST DISTRIBUTION BE LIMITED TO INOIVIDUALS REOUIRED TO MAKE A DECISION ON THE PROJECT IN OUESTION EFTEL' I l 2 GIVEN - THE MAGNI TUOE ANO DIRECTION OF COSTA RICA'S ECONOMIC DISASTER THERE IS NOT THE SLIGKTEST CHANGE THAT LARGE SCALE INVESTMENTS IN FUEL ALCOHOL PROOuCTION WILL BE MADE HERE IN THE CURRENT DECADE THERE WIl l BE NO CAPITAL AVAILABLENEITHER 'INTERNALLY NOR EXTERNALlY- FOR EITHER THE NECESSARY INDUSTRIAL PLANT OR MORE IMPORTANT SUFFICIENT FEEDSTOCK PRODuCTION FURTHERMORE AT LEAST A OUARTER MILLION DOLLARS WORTH OF RECENT AND RELEVANT FEASIBILITY STUDIES ARE REPORTeDLY ALREADY AVAILABLE 3 GIVEN THE GREAT UTILITY OF THE TOP SYSTEM IT wOULO BE UNFORTUNATE TO SPENO A SIZEABLE PORTION OF ITS LIMITED RESOURCES SUPPORTING REOUNDANT RESEARCH WHICH- AND THIS IS THE EY POINT - HOLOS OUT ABSOLUTELY NO REAL PROSPECT OF RESULTING IN A LARGE EXPORT ORDER FOR Us SUSINESS 4 AT A MINIMU BEFORE PROCEEDING FURTHER WITH THE IDEA OF USG-FINANCING SUPPORTERS OF THE PROJECT 5HOVI 0 9E REOUIRED TO PLAUSIBLY EXPLAl' WHERE HOW AND ON WHAT TERMS COSTA RICA GOV'T I NO OR PRIVATE seCTOR' CAN REASONABLY EXPECT TO SECURE THE FINANCING NEEDEO FOR LARGE SCALE ALCOHOL PRODUCTlON 5 EMS' $SY COMMENT TO 'COMMERCIAL ATTACHE'S DISSENT THE US ALCOHOL CORPORATION HAS SAID THAT IT FORESEES A SIGNIFICANT DOWNSTREAM INVESTMENT IN ALCOHOL PRODUCTION FOR FUEL IN COSTA RICA V S ALCdHOL CLAIMS THAT IT HAS ASSURANCES OF BANK FINANCING US AND EUROPEAN FOR ITS ALCOHOL PLANTS WHETHER THEY REALLY HAVE IT IS RD TO SAY BUT THEY ARE SEEKING OPIC COVERAGE FOR A POTENTIAL INVESTMENT THE TOB STUDY WOULD NOT THEREFORE IT MAY BE FAIRLY CONCF'lETE BE A FEASIBILITY STUDY TO SUaSTITV E ALCOHOL FUEL FOR GASOLINE THE STUDY WOULD CONCENTRATE SPECIFICALLY ON THE METHOO AND COST OF CONVERTING EXISTING VEHICULAR FLEET IN COSTA RICA FROM GASOLINE ANO OIESEL TO VAIOUS TYPES OF ALCOHOL OR BLENDED FUELS EMBASSY UNDERSTANDS THAT TOP IS COLLECTING INFORMATION OESCRIBED IN PARA ABOVE AS PART OF iTS EVALUATION ON WHETHER OR NOT TO PROCEEO WITH FINANCING OF THE STUDY SEE STATE 1158301 MCNEIL - Mrl Ir Ir n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476353 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980070 Department of State Date 07 TELEGRAM - LIMITED PAgE III 1 STATE OFfIC AL USE 898 0 2538 lt4 OR GIN S l IN O OCT 01 1015 R IRELEASE IN PART 8S BY S PCIRRPETERSONIJK 3 6 73 EXT 22972 APPRoVED BY S PCIWICARGO S S 'MRo HARRY BARNts T' MRo' NEWMAN ' AF AMBo CLAUDE G ROSS AF E MRo WENDELL B COOTE s Pe MR- HERBERT S iRO RAFTED 130474 R 081 t 22Z MAR 73 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY ADDIS ABABA LIMITED OfFICIAL USE StATE 042538 DISSENT CHANNEL EoOo 116521 N A TA SI ' INS ET S U 8 J E C T '__ D I S S E N T C H A NNEL I I RE I AIRGRAM FROM MESSRS ADDIS ABABA A-23 DATEO fES 7Il 73 STATE 033073 10 DEPT 0 HAS REeE I VEiD WITH I NTEREST 'THOUGHTFUL I DE S EXPRESSED IN REF AIRGRAM ANO APPRECIATED THEM 'T EY WILL BE TAKEN INTO ACCOUNT DURING CONTINUING ASSESSMENT' ERE OF PROBLEMS ADDRESSE o COUNTRY DIRECTOR LOOKS FORWARD TO DISCUSSION 'OF ISSUES INVOLVED DURING HIS ORTHtOMiNG VISIT TOADOISo' OGERS 20 LIMITED ICIA USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980070 Date 07 31 2017 86 RELEASE IN FULLI DATE TIME i Pres dent SUBJECT June 28 1974 4 '30-5 30 P N Bongo's Desire to Acguire a DC-8 63CF ··1 ' 1 PARTICIPANTS Gabonese H E Vincent Mavoungou Gabonese Amhassador Mr Roland Bru Economic and Financial Adviser to President Bongo 1 1r Jacques Pigott privy Counselor of president Bongo Mr Daniel Richon Vice President of UTA ' ' ' ' - l U S A -- Mr John Foley Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Ms Alison Palmer Acting Director of Central African Affairs 'lr Rei tl ·l f r - m I l Bsistu 1t Legal A 1vise c rvY African Affairs Mr Alec Toumayan Language Services ' t Ii COPIES TO I· i· 'j ' ' - '1 ' ' j - Ambassador John A McKesson III Libreville Gabon AF C - Ms p lmerVAF C -·Ns D ggs · AF - Mr oley M S - Nr OI'Neill Jr AF P r 1 t 'Linehan I Jr EB OA AVP 1r ortman Export-Import Bank - -Ir John vl Lentz After introductions Hr Foley stated tJ 1at the Department representatives' were delight ed' to meet with Arrhassador i-layoungou and ··presiden t Bongo's special mission _ Ambassador ·lavoungQu handed 'lr Foley a lengt hy note in French 'lhich appeared to set forth President Bongo's efforts to acquire a Dc-si63C II AF'BKH l mp Dut linl O jl f lnd O firtTj FORM 2' 65 os - 125-$ LHUTED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980·158 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 • 0 ' ' ' - • • ' • • _ _ '_ _ • ' ' •• _ _ • •' ' '-' _ i • _ _ _ L ''' · ' _ • 0 •• _ • _ _ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 and requested an urgent response to these efforts Foley stated that the Department· would have the note translated and study it carefully Mr Richon speaking in French referred to the Gabonese Government's agr eement lith Seaboard Internation·al to acquire a DC S 63CF He described the agreements hereby UTA· vould maintain and operate the aircraft and Air Afrigue ' ould use it on its regular runs hen President Bonqo as not using it Mr Richon further described the · t lose commercial relationship bet veen UTA and Air Afrique under vhich aircraft from both companies are pooled and maintained and crews are 'trained Mr Richon·said that when UTA had heard that President Bongo was · going to acquire a plane it had been concerned that this might disturb the fragile UTA-Air Afrique routes and disturb the system Accordingly UTA had urged·him to be loyal fidel to UTA UTA also encouraged President Bongo to acquire a McDonnell-Douglas aircraft '7hlch could be fitted into Air Afrique's HcDonnell-Douglas fleet and maintenance operations Mr Pigot remarked that President Bongo also preferred DC-8' s from his ovm flying experience preferring·to charter DC-S's v henever possible Mr ·Richon said that P esident Bongo had become convinced of the necessity for acquiring hl s ovm a trcraft after UTA prepared a tally of Bongo's extraoJ din l ry expenditures for leasing aircraft in the past year Mr· Foley said he understood President Bongo might already possess one DC-S All three members of the special miss on eigned i no ILQe about any other DC-8 Bongo migh·t have cquired • Mr oley ag in asked if there was not a DC-8 already l n Gabon l n whl ch Presl dent Bongo had some personal interest After a moment of silence l·lr Pigo· said that is a private dea1 C'est ·une affaire privee Ms PalmI asked if the plane was not with Affr· tair l ut received 9nlu £e as a reply In response to a ques tion from Nr Foley l-1r Richon stated that to his knowledge UTA diq not maintain· the present Affretair DC-S Mr Richon also said that UTA had invested several hundre _' thousand dollars in a pass·enger pack for the DC-8 63CF UTA's expend ture plus Presiu··' lt Bongo I s unhappiness tmv trds UTA about the con- tinued unavailab ' i ty of the aircraft which it had recoTI Il1ended made the company extremely anxious to have the sale consummated According·ly he wondered when the a rcraft ''lpu Ld be available I # U s bureaucracy on· applications for export licenses took a long ·time hile he could not state 'lhen a decision would be made he could say that he hoped it would·qccur very soon · Mr Pigot contrasted the speed lith which the export license for the C-130 for the Gabonese military had been approved He also noted that in the present cas e President Bongo ad II cleared ll the purchase with OAU Mr Foley stated that actions· by the sprawling LIMITED OFFICIA US UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 ' '---' 0' ' ' ' 40 t u _ _ __ L- - _ '- - ' _ _ '' ' _' - _ __ ' __ _ '0 • L• _ _ __ _ _- ' · ·_ ·-' 'I' r ·1 Mr Bru then presse4 Mr Foley for more precise information on the impediments to the sale and a decision date noting that Bongo regarded the DC-8 as his own personal aircraft Bru asked whether 'he could advise president Bongo that the DC-8 was now available or whether he should tell'Bongo ·to acquire his aircraft elsewhere • Mr Foley reiterated his statement regarding the normal delay's expe ienced with the sale of large aircraft • I I I I J ' At the conclusiQn of the meeting Hr Foley stated that the united S ates Government prized its fruitful relations with President Bongo and he··'requested ·that ' 1r ·Bru 'convey the Department I s V'armest regard to the President and our hopes that a decision - ould be reached on the DC-8 matter very soon • I ' ' 1 3 LIl1ITED OFFICIAL USE ' - '- I i ' ' - - -- ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980158 Date 09 12 2017 -- - -y- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 I r 1_ -- 7 I tun _It cu IN1 p 10 FDQ AID I o J' jjfl S2 FORl MIJScbNC 1 rRELEASE IN PART 861 LIMITED OFFICIAL -53 - 01 TO • USJ IiANOl lNC INDICATon - J AR D0pt pass P IA 1 ' 'r N'r OF STATE Mr Kenneth COM FRIJ Lf D TAR lI MD IIIR TAGS FROM DATE ROME 1 t I' ' February 3 1976 Dissent Message American Policy and Italy A Critique 11 FAM 243 • I REF r Y lfJ J PINT I'f SUBJECT ' ' i i I J - '1' ' A I A' Ai' ' EMBASSY • Towery lOP E O 11552 N A ' 1 - ' STA'rE 209583 N' YY CIA f f t f M 7i II III fH P r This message transmits a dissent'ing view submitted by' USIS - - _ • ' - - I USIII I - - -- - -_ - - -- 86 SUMMARY HOW WE GOT WHERE WJf-ARE ACTIVITIES SUPPORT LNG THE 'rJmE 8 · prJ 'I1 R·EFoF US POST-WAR POLICY TOWARD ITALY I E ANTICOMM1JNISM SUPPORT FOR CHRISTIAN D1DIOCAA'rS foND NATO Sl'iEN AS HAVING NEGAT1VE CONSEQUENCES IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING MORE POSITIVE POL tCY WITH OVERT ENCOURAGEMEh'T OF POI ITICAL FORCES OF DEMOCRATIC SPECTRUM THE NEED' FOR GREATER ACCOUNTABILITY NEW MODUS OPERANDI BETWEEN TRADITIONAL DIPLOMATS AND CIA EMPLOYEES OVERSEAS WITH SHARPER GUIDE LINES AND PR OTECTION FOR LATTER OPPORTUNITt TO RES TORE-' ' - CONFIDENt E IN US AS AN AJ LY AND BOLSTER OUR SAGGING ALLIES - NEED TO REPUDIATE Tl'PE OF ACTIONS ATTRIBU1 ED TO AMBASSADOR ''''' Q • MARTIN AND REA FFIRM THE CORRECTNESS OF HIS SUCCESSOR IN ' RUTTING A Strop TO THEJL 'l'HE ERROR OF GLOBALIST POLICIES ____ '''Itf TArHNG INSUFFICIENT ACCOUNT OF INTERNAL DYNAMICS IN KEY COUNTRIES' smm MODEST PROPOSALS FOR SPECIFIC INITIATIVES ' • - l 0 i '4 I N- · IIO '1 vlE ·CJt' • • • • • G01 11JHERE 'VB ARE 1945-7S' Y ' I Si nce 19 §'1 Atneric an policy towards Ita ly has been based on two ma j n pi i'lars ant i-communism and support for the conservati ie Christian Democrats DC I Both overt and covert activities were often justified by the potential they • J • a ' til had of advancing these two causes which indeed complemented 'to one another -W he'ir-' Italy joined-'NATO in 1949 it became the linchpin of the l_ -- - 0 LIMITED OFli'ICIAL USE ' II J L-P d I FQPM 4· G2 - ICleared gyt nrs OS ·323 by'IA - J lind CfllsslI nuoD Approved by gsb FOR f EPI E O 'lLY DID rpOllt for transmittal ne Ison ----------- - - ---- -- -- - ----- -- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 86 f N LASSI IED I u s D pa m_ rit of State Doc No Cm34313'70 Date 11 13 2017 Case No F- 016-07743' LIMITED OFFICIAL usi· page 2 ROME A- 53 lISou thern Flan and a third eiement was' added to American policy which v linked with and depend'ent upon the other twO enfolding Italy in the NATO sec'urity blanket to irisure strategic use of its base· and post·facilities As the years passed the vlg 'tT of the Christian Democrats slowly atrophied Corruption gr ew and social and gov ernmental reforms demanded by 'an increasingly affluent society were' neglected Scandals in government and buSiness md the growing incapacity of the government in dealing with the problems of a model'n society further alienated large numbers' of the population ' ' Partl yas a result of its 'own relative efficiency ana partly as a result of disenchantment with the enduring P91itlcal class and rt lessened fear of communism among the post- -war gene ration the Italian Communist party PC made slow but steady gains For many years these were not manifosted in election returns which showed the leftist forces remaining at a stable level but rather in local municipal administrations in · he universities and intellectual world f and with tha labor lnions ' ' ' ' ' ' In June 1975 however the pcr made dramat ic gains in local administrative elections coming to within 2% of the CJu'istianDemocrat total and gaining a share of power in every ranjoT Italian city except Rome and palermo ' •• T - rough all of this period the Ullit d states involveq elsewhere around the world saw no reason to change its poli cy toward Italy Prior to the apertura a sinistra -in 1963 in' which the United States enco irageCI the Chr istian Democrats to form an alliance with the Italian Socialist Party PSI in order to increase the anti-conununist majoritYr American of i'icials ret lrded the Socialists as untl' lstwOl thY fellow trr we I11 S of the Communists Embassy officers were severely circumscribed in their contacts with Socialists and a succession of American ambassadors made no secret of their s ympat'hy with t and affinity for the forces of the Center and Right ' The alliance between the Christian Demoexats and the Socialists was marked by frequent squabbling I change's of goverrunent I ' mutual recriminat ion unresolved scandals J and a continuing ' str lgg1e for control of the levers of poli tical and commer ial' power in Italy Tliis struggle was almost lways won by the Christian Democrats who were far ll1or numerous a nd deeply entrenched LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U'-S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 3 ROME A- 53 During these years the PCI generally held its Iforound although it suffered setbacks during such events as the Soviet invasi of czechoslovakia in 1968 And it is now saf to say the Party slowli increased its acceptability· among an increaSing nUMber of Italians as a Party willing to function within a d mccratic framework ' One persistent barrier to the acceptability of the pcr was the offic ial Amer ican attitudt Through 1975 American officials regarded the Communists much as they h d regarded the Socialists in the 1950's Official contacts were severely circumscribed confined usually to one middle-grade Embassy officer who met from time to time with the shadow PCl Foreign Minister Additional contacts J it was feared would give the COIl'Llllunists IIrespectability although by this time the PCl had become Italy's second strongest par ty and could count on the regular support of 30% of the electorate in national elections It also pad predominant influence in italy's· largcist labor feder tionl trong support among Italyts middle classes 1 and an extremely l nfluential following 'among artists intellectuals academicians and university students iOJ 1 Thus it was not nntil 1974 that an Americ n a bassador was willing to travel to B- logna in an official- capacity' and pay 0 routine courtesy call pn the city's Communist Mayor ' In ' 1975 two leading PCl members were refused Vi$BS to travel to the Uniterl States in responSe to invitations from the American a «dvmic cor ununi ty because it_was feared that if a Communist Party official travelled to the united states ill his Party capacity it would signal to Italy's politicallyattuned America watchers that the United States no longer ' opposed PCl entry into the l1ational government Many people in both Italy and the ·united Sta'tes believ8d that if American opposition to the PCI was no 'longer 'credible 1 the last remaining obstacle to the Commuriists would fall away I b ACCOl d ingly the Uni te l states continued to' associa e itself with the ·Christian Democrats anel support a wide range of attitlldes M tivities I and organizations that appe lrecl to he of value in opposing he PC - H umors of alleged American covert activities were frequent and it was widely assumed although never totally proved that the United States had mnnipulated the 194R election in favor of the Christian cmocrats and had r emanded that· they take a harder stance against the Comnmnists It was also widely Rssumed that subsequent to 1918 the United States had funnelled large amounts of money through the CIA and the AFL-CIO to various anti-communist politicians organizations Rnd causes UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 -- -- --- --- --- -- --- ---- ------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMI'I'ED OFFICIAL USE Page 4 ROME A-53 While many Italians especially a iiong the consel'Yatives appeared to accept reports of these activities as natural and nothil g e'''tl'aord'inary a growing number of Italians began to expr J resentment rmd outrag'a at what they regarded as hlatant interference in Itnly's internal affairs Since the 'Christian Democrats were widely conceded to be corrupt and to hive defaulted in their conunittment to seek signifi0 ant social reforms many Italians began to bel ieve that the principal obstacle to hltilding a modern democratic Italy was not the pcr but the Christian Democr ts In other words the Christian Democ t'ats began to lose their legitimacy as a credible ruling party 'Many were qilicl to add that c'ontinued American support helped to maintain the old guard in ower and to blunt any impetus for c ange within the Party or any efforts from 'outside to oust the perennia 1 Christian Democrat power structure ' Such in l l ief and simplified form was the political situation co-nfrontiI g American policy at the end of 1975 B OLD DOGS rO CARRY OUT NEW TRICKS In early January 1976 the New York Times reported that six milli6n dol1ar had been channelled to Italian political figures and organizations through the CIA to help prevent further Communist gains after the June 1975 elections This report which was followed by the tacit admission from official'Rolrees that plans along these lines had heen developed but that no funds had actually been spent was based on leaks emanating from those with access to reports on CIA activities being pl'epared by Seriate and House Committees investigating alleged CIA abuses This story was followed by a daily barrage of further revelations including 1 names addresses office and telephone numbers of Embassy eportedly working for ' the CIAj 'emp oyees ' '2 politicians and organ zations which had supposedly received hares of the six million dollars and other alleged eIA activities in Italy 3 reports that a total of 75 million dollars had been spent' in Italy for covert operat ons by the CIA since 1945j ' 4 information showing'that American multinational firms and the AFL-CIO ha'd also spent millions of dollars in political' contributions and labol union pay-offs to encourage resistance to Communism ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ------------------------ --------- --- -------- ------- ---- - -- -- - - -- - - - -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 '· LIMI TED OFFICIAL USE Page 5 R0rlm A- 53 Since these charges relat d mostly to payoffs to politicians and political parties an activity long since assumed to be widespread rlnd ngaged in by a variety of powers including the USSR and CI L ain Middle East states these reports were regarded as scandalous ieprehensible and corrupting by many but hardly surprir ing ' Nevertheless 1 the DlallY Italhtns who had come to deeply resent American policy and intSrference in Italy were given considerable reinforcement for their feelings Their reactions were not long in coming in th e form of newspaper edt tor ials I magazin articles and a perceptible if not quantifiable cooling of attitude of some useful Embassy contacts who had once again become aecessible after the animosity generated by the Viet Nam war had receded ' More serious was the report on January 28 that a former American ambassador to rtal who 9srved from October 1969 to February 1973 had channelled $800 000 in unaccountable funds to General Vito Miceli then head of the Italian Intelligence service SID The repol t emphasized that the money was to have been used for IIpropaganda purposes lt and that the project had been initiated only'over the strong objection of the CIA stacion chief in Rome In 1974 Miceli was implicated in an abortive rightist c ' 1p attempt that had taken place in 1970 removed from his post nd indicted While previous reports of CIA activities involved financial payments to various pa r ties and individuals of the non-Conum mist political spectrum this report rai c the question of the ambassador's involveme t in and instigation of activities against the Italian state Although it was immed iately reported that the peridd of the ambassador's generous support for General Miceli occurred in 1972 1 two years after the coup attempt I the nature of the alleged if initiative brought a new dimension to the long history of i''''American· covert operations in Italy App rently for thE ' rt J time an American ambassador had funnelled upwards of a'million I J ' dollars to e head of a foreign intelligence service·to support and promote anti-communist activities How the money was spent was left ent rely pp to General Miceli and no accounting was ever giv n Such a project one must assume had the approval of those of the ambassador's superiors in washington who were familiar with it Further Miceli was widely regarded in Italy as far enough to the right to be outside the democratic spectrum and'to be close'ly allied with elements of the fovimentp Sociale Italiano MSI the Italian neo-Fascist Party As such and as the presumptive heir of 1 11 1880lini MSI supporters were repellant to all but a very small segment 5% of Italians mostly nostalgic Monarchists 1 contemporary Fascists and resentful pockets of the lower middle class who felt encroached upon by every ody Of course the MSI was staunchly apti-communist -----'-- --UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of State Case No F- 016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED - I elitist 2 nc J pro-NATO and this is apparently what made it nil attrac ' 've ally for the aml assador and General Miceli In any case 'Ieral previo1 ls American ambnssadors notably Clare Boothe Luce 1953-57 had demonstrated their affinity for the MSI and the far right of the Christian Democrats in various ways It was particularly painf'ttl to observe that the United States which played the principal rele in the defeat of Italian fascism during World War II had apparently become through the ambassador I s act ions in 19721 its prine ipal outs ide supporter li urthe r the ambassador's relat ionshtp with the rightist and conspiratorial General Miceli gave dramatic impetus to an ugly supposition that nn American ambassador had by implication supported · a subversion attempt ga inst a friendly and allied state • As aclclitiomil revelations from the Congressional conunittees cascaded through the American q nd Itnlian press every dnY1 many peopl were imp ll d to ask themselves what had been the l'E sul of American p'olicy and activities in Italy over tha years Here are some of their conclusions i American intervpntion and perhaps especiatly Marshall Plan assistance I undou· tedly was a factor in keeping the Communists from power in the early post-war years The United States was also instrumental in securing Italy for the Nl TO can and trade ties were a vital factor in Italyts outstandilJg i f uneven ·performance of the In te 1950' sand 1960's j 2 Amel'icn's staunch anti-communism may have slowed the rn te of advance of the PCl but it has not prevented ·its· coming to the briny' of national powe r 1I1any argued that in a de facto sense the PCl already plays an active role in natrona ' k ision-making Nor has the lack of an American benediction prevented the PCl front steadily increasing its strength as a result of the internal dynamics and tensions of Italian society a 3 America's contin1 ling support for the DC--tParty now blamed for most of Italy's woes- has raised widespl'ead op 1lOS it ion to US policy and presence in Italy i which has traditionally been the most pro-uS of Western European countries Continued heavy'-hallded covert futervention in Italy has undermined the very 'policies we have wished to promote nnd hns reslllted in c r'JCl tly increased credibility and LIMITED OFFICIAL USE F UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSifiED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LiMITED OFFICIAL USZ Page 7 RO m A- S 3 popularity for the pcr They are now ahle to appear quite 1S the pRrty of reform inclepondence 1 1 1 nationalism Blundering U - i lpport fol' t 110 ' Il ' Isti ' lr·ocrats h 1S hnrmed th8 t party t s c cd ibili ty blunted its fledging internal reform mov01r ent a nd allowed the PCl to appear more independent cif Moscow than the DC is of Washingto l respectallll l On a nar ower scale these massive and continuing American covert activities ruis several questions 1 what r-esnlts does the united States have to show for the $75 million reportedly spent ·in i m'el 't activities since 1045 The DC is a shambles the pcr is stronger than ever both US image lU1d influence are at an all time post-war low anyone ·named as a l'ecipi rt f COv0rt i tm s has been hax'mc J politicall perhaps· il'revocahly many US government nd busiv ess er 1ployees in Italy und els Where ha'' t 1e Hl pl • ced in personal jeopardy and have seen their effectiveness compromised the lahar unions which the Un ite·cf Sta tes cultivated so a sslduously are remote from American importuning and influence · the nOll-Communist democratic forces in Italy have b en weakened and their tl'adit i onal respect for the United tates sorel ·tested ruld those forces which desire Italy to leave NATO and adopt a more neutral for-eign policy have ·bee·n strengtllE ilE' t in imnensurablc hllt undeniable ways Surely t to survey this wrec tage and suggest that some changes lu'e hece Sf y is r inajo ' tmderstatement c WHAT rS '1'0 Dr VONE There ·are obviously many policy considerations Which go well beyond ihe unique and det riorating situation in Italy I 1 Jt one of tliese is the urgent necessity for the Executive and vr ti' Legislative branches to 'wI or k out effective and more sharply 1 ' l'' defined g ictelil'les and oversight procedl1res for CIA operations -rJ'11 Another to furnish credible cover a ld reliabl security····· J f I J p 'otection for CIA employees overseas without undermining - - 7 l -J 1' L the credihility of the diplomatic function and weakening iiI tI Ji t e effectiveness of diplomat ic officials I However the ' iI 1 ·following modest sUf gestj ons relate especially to Italy I J i and are limited to initiatives which appear to be imnlediately feasible Ok i pr i s J l' fo 1 • Short-term initiatives a ·Announce pdblicly that no CIA funds have been used to suppor _political figures or·organi ations in Italy since early 1973 f this is in fact the CRse LIMITED· OFFICIAL USZ ••• P • ' I -- ' - • ' ' V' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 8 ROME A-53 l h l - I r J Uf J L f t r if' ' 1 J r IJ ' II I f' Y· 1 I sl 1 Announce further that no such act ions tire contempl ated c Make it c· 1' thnt giving large amounts of money which eel nnot be aCCOUHtcd fo ' to persons or orgn nizat ions outside the spectr lm of trad itional clemocratic forces is repugnant· to the United states n rl contrary to our polic ies ' d He ffirm puhlicly the correctness of Ambassadol' Volpe's decision to halt further payments to and contacts with General M iceli e Re-el lphas ze the American· hope that the democratic forces in Italy continue to prevail and that American ncouragement for these forces to push for democratic and social reforms desired by the Italian people will be a major aspect of ollr flltl lre 'attitude toward Italy Add that both bila·teral 'and NATO ties irisure that the US will encournge and assist by overt men-ns a wide-ranging increase in cooperation in fielas in ru ling trade and conunerce science ane technology nJ1 ltual security and cultul'e and media with special emphasis on the cademic communities in both countries Direct principal us gEHl ' ies with primacy in these fields to suggest fE' ls i ble and mutually beneficial projects to be negotiated and funded b i latern lly or within organizational fl'ameworks ll1cll as NATO as appro' ·i te On the US side appropriate nn itlTJount of monev at least equal to the sum we Were pro pared to waste 011' now-counter-productive covert operations f Step- J he program of de'velopillg contacts and or ties with the qemocratic left begltn by the present ambassador Many addi ional specific actions to supplement these general suggest ions C ll be develope d The overall purpose is to change our policy from one that appeal'S to many to be both totally negative nd a failure J to one that has many positive elements apr has a good chance of prodUcing sllort-term results 1I'101'e specifically our justifiable suspicion ·of ' and hostility to the r I should be based not on the steril anti-communism the 1950's but on the vulnerabilities and coniradiction of the Party's activities in the 1970 s in the context of ItalY'5 complex domes tic situation of It does not require power of clairvoyance to see what PCI accession to power would do to both our interests in Italy and the fragile forces 'of Italian democracy 2 Long-term suggestions a Increase INR's research capability on Italy ' especially in areas where PCI performance ideological contradictions totalitari n remnants nd ties with the Soviet Union can be exploited Where appropriate enlist the cooperation of the American academic conunullity ' Serious joint projects should - - 1 _ ' - _ 1_ • ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 UNC SIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 9 • I nOME A- 1 3 b Work with mtll t inational firms operat iag in Italy to establish gel al guidel ines regardinl political cont r iblit iOllS I hiring an d firing policies I and accountability to host governments 3 'Policy Toward the PCI Slowly' expand contacts with the pcr across the spectrulll of its influence on a gradual controlled hasis The purpose would' be to learn mOl'e about internal divisions n nd 01' conflicts which might or m ight not be exploited 1 as well as to determine what elements 'among the PRrt yf s ·sl lpporte 's might· be more attracted to it as a refo rmist force than' be'cause of doctrinaire Conununism Another need is to develop a better capability of dealing with the PCl a should th ir power on a national level require it b Abandon the us'e of visa regulations as an element of conferring respectability rt brings U2 only ridicule and ohscures the truism that' if the only thing preventing Communist accession to power is the free granting of ViSRS tc pcr fficinls the amp is already lost CONCLUS ION D Policy obviously has to be'developed with more than one count y in mind especially for a world power like the United t t 3 with many complex and tnterwoven' interests to take into cons'ideration HO vever if domestic developments in countries of basic importance to us continue to be ignored by thos e who must think and act in global terms we can only expect further dehacl s such as we are now experiencing painfully 'in Italy It is simply impossible to preserve the internal sta tus quo in allied countries while we joust with the other superpower 'l'rying to do so makes US seem at best I n dve and heavy-handed bumblers cOl posed of equal parts of confusion m sdirected idealism self-ri theousness amI ar oga n ge At wo cst we are regal'ded as inveterate me ddlers and--Jly p o m i tes willing to use any means and to sacrifice every democratic- ideal and legitimate desire for social reform to an overweening thi st for political control and economic influence However overdrawsl and simplified both images are it ha rd to deny that there is some truth in both pictures U fortunately the e ar i ages that have been stimulated more by our own actions than by the machinations of our J J I I is adversaries LIMITJ m OFFICIAl J SE - -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 U SIFIED u s DE partment f State 'Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C96431370' Date 11 13 2017 J JIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 10 ' ROME A- j As far as Italy is conc01'ne'd I there is l1 V an excellent opportunity I which Will probably last for only a few weeks to repair the b- evous damage to our' interests here' by past policies and individuals '1'0 do so' w uld be to re tore relat ions with one of Onl most important allies to a sound footing to halt the er0sior in the support· for our presence and interests h6'1 e among ti e talian populace to assist ihe recovery of the most important golitical force i Italy which is now demoralized and in disarray t least in patt 'because of American errOI S i and reinvigorate the forces which have struggled to preserve Italian democracy during difficult and frustrating yea s This is the kind of opportunity which does' not come ofte'n but which would be '8 true indication of whether we really care 'about preserving our interests in Italy and truly underst nd the faciors which threaten them VOLPE 1 iJ J j ' LIMITED 07 ICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431370 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431701 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - ___ _ c • _' d' •• __ ' ' BRITISH EHBASSY WASHINGTON O C 8 July 1977 ···s 99 ACTION is assisned to -The President The l hi·te Hous mr i I have been asked to pass on to you the enclosed message from the Prime· inister on the subject of continuing United States' membership of the Inte national Labour Organisation 0 - j 0 0 c ' I - - f i -' c ' -' I 00 cO John Joreton ti Charge d'Affaires' be or -0 ' State oIr Stephen orrel Bureau of' Korth European Af f ai'rs t Dep rt ent ox St te r -t 3 rr' Z i -i- The Hon Cyrus R Vance Secretary of St tet Department c ro 0 - - - • J fA -rl rr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471697 Date 01 11 2018 EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RELEASE IN PART 86 October 18 1972 Honorable William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff Department of State Washington D C Dear Minister Cargo Some time has now passed since your letter of August 1 1972 and' I would be appreciative of any information you could pass on to me concerning Personnel's review of 3FAM629 I AS you are aware I I is now o -board in the Department's pouch room and has spoken to rour staff concerning this matter At though I Jis no longer on my staff here in Guatemala it' is my full intention to pursue this matter to the fullest utilizing whatever means are available to me to correct this injustice as it applies to the case of 86 86 86 L I_ _ _- ' Quite frankly 1 am not certain from your letter of Aug-' ust 1 whether you support our position or whether you were simply informing me that you were hopeful of an early decision one way or the other Should you be in agreement with I I's case I IOU Id be most grateful of any support you lould offer on our behalf • 86 Vi says hello 'and sends her greetings to all the Cargo's Sinc rely yours 86 I Guatemala City Guatemala - ----- --- - _ __ - ---- -_ - ---- - -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471697 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472503 Date 01 11 2018 TEUGRAM Oepartment Of State ' 1 - o J A' LIMITEq OFFIcIAL USE PAGE 01 STATE IRELEASE IN FULL 125373 42 ' ORIGIN SS-14 INFO OCT-01 BY ORAFTE 1015 R I II ' • 0 ' ' S PC'HJ PIROI K 7112 72 X22576 APPROV D BY S PCtWICARGO AftANAVEZ SiSIPHILLER 05336 R J 1703Z JUL 72 rM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEM8ASSY TEGUCIGALPA • '0 • • I DISSENT CHANNEL FROM DIRECTOR S PC SUSJI REFI l' DISSENT MES AGE FROM TEGUCIGALPA ON BURUNDI TEGUCIGALPA 02313 THIS ACKNowLEDGES RECEIPT OF YOUR OfSSENT THE VIEwS XPRESSEO IN THIS MESSAGE WILl REcEIVE FuLL ATTENTlCN IN THE DEPT INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF ·THIS Tf LEGRt M HAS BEEN MADE TO DEPAIHMENT PRINCIPA'LS 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPT THE ASSlaT NT SECRETARY' 'fOR AFRICAN AFFAIRSJ AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OFP CA LE CHANNE MESSAGE CONTAJNED IN TEGUCIGALPA 02313 2 A S0SSTANTIVE REPLY TO REFTEL WILL BE SENT OLLOWING DEPARTMENTAL DISCUSSIONS' 3' REFTEL RAJSF D TO LOU' IRI- JN LIMITEq OFFICIAL USE V -_ _--_ _- _ _--- - - '----- _ --_ - _ -_ _--------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472503 Date 01 11 2018 -------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472801 Date 01 11 2018 OEPARTM ENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 LOU with SECRET Attachment TO T - Dr Tarr Mr PM - Mr ·AF - Mr EUR - Mr INR - Mr Sis - Mr OFP Mr EB - Armstrong Spiers Newsom' Stoessel Cline Barnes Salisbury IRELEASE IN FULLI C r Cargo FROM S PC - William SUBJ Dissent Channel Message Attached is a copy of Airgram A-23 dated February 7 1973 a dissent channe l message received from' three members of the Political Section in Addis Ababa We have acknowledged receipt of this message in a telegram to Addis Ababa I have designated Mr Herbert J Spiro ext 22576 as th S PC action officer on this message to coordinate any further response Attachment Airgram A-23 dated 2 7 73 LOU with SECRET Attachment - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472801 Date 01111 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472984 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' ' 0' I oil ' ' r 1 -' I ' ' -- _ - _ - - -- - • RELEASE IN PART 86' ' ' ' -- --- --- -- UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum I Mr TO FROr i Ray nd t DATE August 27 1974 Smith Chairperson S P·OFP I GS Quito 86 Dissent Channel Letter SUBJECT State 184093 Quito 5375 REF Enclosed please find copy of Dissent Channel Letter as sent on Feb 25 1974 from Tegucigalpa Honduras as requested Reply will be greatly appreciated as the_subject is of considerable importance to several employees working in the Administrative area i I· GSO -1_ - - - J Jr mele I UNCLASSIFIED Buy U S Savings Bonds Regultlrly on the Payrolt Stlvings Plan 5010·100 • 0 r • ' ' ' • '0' •• --- 0' ' ·c· t' ' ' f S Iiot • t of ' 4' ----------------- ---------------------------------------------------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472984 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 641696 3 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416963 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 9 ' • _ _ _ _ ACTION COpy 'PAGE al ACTIOK SP-91 INfO ROllE 181117 A 1 1143 2 JUH 11 fll AIIE OASSV RCKE TO SECSTATE IIASHOC - i ' fl'rj'i i f'i I 1 Li i ' -' j' -i i T '- - -- LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Department of State 1II6l4Z ocr'''1 S-g1 Iso·sa 711 19 4 I -· ··--------------929279 21mSl 164 m 1I111TED OfFICIAL USE ROil IOU - E n r ' M ' r II 86 RO E IMID 'INC'OMrNG TELEGRAM 211634Z BEliEVE IS A GRAVE RRO PARTICULARLY T TRE SME TIll WE ARE AK DUKCING A IIJ1KORAIIAL-Of U S GROUnD fORCES THE THREAT Of NUCLEAR RESPONSE SHOULD IN IIY OPINION SE KEPT OPEN S I oULD SUGGEST THAT fORMER SECREHRY OF STATE RUSK BE COHSULTED PARTICULARLY ON THE ISSUE OF THE DECLARATION OF TKE SIXT£EN AKD ITS IKPlICATlDIlS IN THE TRUI1AII ADHINISTRATION HE liAS ASSISTANT SECRETARV fOR UN AffAIRS ARD liAS PERSONALLY FA ILlAR WITH THrSE DECISIONS I PARTICIPATED IN DISCUSSIONS OF THESE ISSUES VITH H' LArER IK 1964 HEN HE liAS SECRETARY OF STATE GARDKER • FROIIIL -____________ I THIS HAY MOT BE APPROI'iliATE FOR THE DISSENT CHANNEl BECAUSE THE COMENTS ARE ADDRESSED TO OffiCIAL STATEHENTS AND PRESS REPORTS ISSUED ELSEIIH£RE I ITKDUT KNO l EDGE 0 THE FULL POliCY OElISEaATlONS INVOLVED AS THE OFFICER HO HAS SPEHT THE LONGEST TIllE VORKING oM kOREAN P'OLI1ICAL SECURITY HATTERS u s ARIIY tllllTARY GOVERNnEHT 194 -194R DEPART ENT I ORK ON KOREA 1978-15$5 AND 1961 -19651 HOllEVER I H£L CONSTRAIHED TCI CALI ATTENTION TO SOH KEY POL ICY corlSIOERAT IONS THAT I FEAR nAY BE LOST SIGHT OF IN THE CURRENT ARGUMENTS ABOUT A SCHEDULED III rHORAI AL OF U S GROUND FORCES FRon KOREA 1 THE EY paiNT I S Rot THE PRESEIICE OF U S FORCES PER SE BUT THE CLARITY OF THE U S COMMITHEHT TO DEFEND SOUTH KOlIU AGAINST ANY POSSIBLE RENEIIEO AGGRESSION THE PR€PONOERANC OF SOUIH KOREAN' POPULAlION AND CONOllle STRENG H OVER NoaTiI KOR1 A Arm IHE ClATIVEl V EVEN • nlllTARY BALAKCE BET I£EN THEH ALSO AilE LARGELY IRAHEVANT HAVING EXISTED EVEN AT THE TIHE Of 1950 IT IS NOT SO HUCK TO NORTH KOREA THAT THE SIGNALS OUR COIIMITnENT lUST BE CtEAR AS IT IS TO CHINA AND THE SOVIET UNION WITHOUT HOSE INVOLVEMENT ORTH KOREAN AGRESS I011 COUL D NIlT HAVE TAKEN PLACE AIID llaul D BE VilLi KEL Y 1M THE FUTURE AND IT I NOl ONLY SOUTH KOREA THAT IS AT STAKE BUT ALSO JAPAN ONE Of HOSE OLD LEADERS APTLY HAVEIKC POINTED OUT THAT KOREA IS DAGOER AlliED AT THE HEART OF JAPAN or 3 THE PRESEHCE OF U S GROUSD FORCES IS NOT A PERHANENT OR IHIlUTABLE NECESSITY BUT THE IMPLICATIONS OF THEIR WITHDRAIIAL SHOULD BE HANDLED CAREFUllY THE NO TH KOREAN AGGRESSION OF 195B FOLLOIlED ONE YEAR AFTER THE VITHDRA I OF U S MILITARY FORCES AND A'HER STATEnENTS Of U S FORE1GN POlley NO COllGRESSIONAt LEADERS HAD IIISlED NORTH KOREA THE SOVIET UNION ARO COn UNIST CHINA tKTO 8ELIEVIHG THAT SOUTH KOREA HAD BEEN PLACED OUTSIDE OUR PEA IIIETER o DEFENSE THE OOYIOUS PSYCHOlOGI CAL AND POll CY FACTOR TO CONSIDER HOII IS I 1IETHER AFTER KE CONKUHIST TAKE-OVER IN VIET-HAIl AND OUR CHANGES OF RELATIONS IIITH CHINA A IIITHDRAIIAl OF U S fORCES FRon KOREA laHRDRTH KOREA CHINA AHD THE SOYIET UNION TO BELIEVETHAT OUR DEFENSE COIlIIITnEHT 10 SOUTH KOREA AND JAPAN HAS CHANGED 4 OF EVEN GREHER IKPORTANCE THAN THE 'PRESEHCE f U S FORCES IS THE IKPllCAlIONS OF THE DElARATION OF THE SIXTEEN AT THE TinE OF THE CONSLUSIOH OF THE ARHIST ICE IN 19B II lHleH' lIE AND THE OTHER COUNTRIES IIHO HAD CONTRIBUTED FORCES TO THE UN HILITARY • ACTION IN KOREA O CLARED THAT IF THE ARIIISTICE ERE SROKEN WE WOULD RESPOND PROnPLY AND THAT IT PR08ABLY IIOULDNOT BE POSSIBLE TO ConrtllE THE HOSTiliTIES TO KOREA THIS VAS LEARLY A IIARHIKG UNCLASsiF'II ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc o C06416963 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 ' - - - _ ' - 'SEUREf - - - ' · J 1 Depal tntent Of State • I ••• f • PAGE 91 or 91 STATE 12549S ORIGIN Sp·02 I tlfO OCl-SO ADS-DO OilY-DO 1$14 DRAFTED BY SIP eFAI RBANKS In APPROVED BY SIP pl OLr01l1TZ NEA ARlI III1HOllElL HEAIIAI JHIRSCH PA OfISCHER S Of EHEAPHY DES IRED DI STR I BUll ON SIP ONLY 6 tHE STAlEKE t THAT ISRA l ·AlHOST FUlU CONTROLS· AJOR HADOAO'S FORCES IS AIIBIGUGUS H IS TRUE THAT AIOR HADOAO' S FORCES ARE HOLLY OEPENDEllt 011 ISRAEL FOR AHY CATEGORIES OF SUPPORT AIID THERE IS A VITAL AND DETAILED ISRAELI ROLE III TECHNICAL T1ERS ISRAEl'S PATROIIAGE Of IIAlOR HADDAD DOES GI VE I SRAn A HAJOR RESPONSIBILItY FoR nAKIIIG Kin BEHAVE ' A ORE' RUPOII- • SIBLE IIAY THE DEPARTHEAt BELIEVES THAt ISRAEL CAN AND SOtlElIHES ODES EXERCI SE tHE RESTRAIIIT THAt liE HAVE SOUGHT Ii BEliEVE THAt SINCE ISRAEl CAli L' 'T HADDAD'S AHHUIIITIOII SUPPlY HE COULD 1101 SU$TAIII SHHllIIG fOR A SUBSTANTIAL TIllE III1HOUT ISRAEL' S ACO'IESCENCE ALlHOUGH THAT IS NOT TO SAY THAT HADDAD SE£KS AND RECE IVES I SRAnl APPROVAL EACH TI nE HE OPENS fiRE nUBSl IS2 R 2729161 AUG 81 F SECSlATE IIASHOC TO AHEHBASSY BONn E O 110GS ROS 1 11101 OlfOVIll PAull faR LI_ _ _ _ JI fROM P Ul 1I0LrOlllTI DIRECtOR SIP • SUBJECT REPLY TO I IOISSENT CHANnEL HESSAGE ON LEBAIION POLICY '-----' REfS I TELEGRAM STATE TRYING TO STOP ISRAEli ACTIVITIES BUT unABU TO 00 so An IHPRESSIOII THAT IIDULO lltAKEN AI IIIP0RlAnT Assn Ii HAVE' THE HIODLE AU--THE BELIEF THAT liE A I INWEntE ISRAHI POLICY In FACT OVER THE Y£ARS THE UNITED STATES HAS BEEN ABLE TO neOlfY ISRAH'S CONDucT III som LEBAnOn BY PURSUING A COlRSE THAT TRIES TO FLEXIBLY COHDIIIE PU8L IC STATEnEHTS AnD QUIET OlPLDnACY IDOl R ··················B 6e31 OUTGOING 7 BUT IT IS PROBABLY HOT TRUE THAT ISRAEL 'ALHDST FUlLY CONTROLS· HADDAD'S fORCES III THE SEIISE or BEIIiG A8Lt to DETERIIIHE lIATEVER GOES ON In THE HADDAD T£RRITORY HADDAD'S DEPEUDEIICE DOES ROT IIUII THAt ISRAEL CAli HAKE HADDAO'S fORCES 00 lIATEVER IT IIArITS' VHHOUT IHCURRIIIG SIGHIFICAUT COSTS TO ISRAEl III IIDST CASES HERE onE NATION OR GROUP IS OEPEUDEIIl 011 AlIOIHER THIS ODES lIor ESTABLISH A RElATIONSHIP OF STRICT CONTROL BUI RATHER A RELATlOIISNI Of ItIFllEIICE DEFINED BY TACH BARGAIRING FOR EXAIIPlE A IIUHBER or FRIENDS OF THt UIlITED SUtES SUCH AS SOUTH KOREA ARE HEAVilY DEPEnDENT 011 THE UnITED SlATES FOR SURVIVAL BUT Ii HAVE REPEUmy rounD THAT Ii liRE IIOT III A POSI TlOU TO conTROl IHESE NATIOIIS lVEH III AmRS Ii REGARDED AS IHPORTANT BOIIII 06S73 S' ENTIRE TEXT 2 THE DEPARtllENt IS GRATEFUL fOR YOUR CDIITINUEO ATTENTIOn TO IHE lUANOIl PROBlEn AHa UllllED STAlES POLICY THERE VE HAVE RECEIVED YOUR ItESSAGE CIRCULATED IT AIID COIISIDERED YOUR CASE CAREFULLY • 3 YOUR CABLE APPEARS TO fAME THREE PO ITlOIIS lAl THAT AJDR HADDAO'S fORCESARE ALMST FULLY CONTROLLED· BY ISRAEL un T AI ISRAELI ·AGGRESSlON IS THE HAJOR DANGER to THE HlDEPEIiDElItE AIID TERRITORIAL IlITEGRITY OF lEBAnOll IIlIICH IT HAS BEEII OUR TRADITIOIIAL POLICY TO SUPPORT AHO 'IC THAf HI AEPORTWG THE fOREGOIHG SI1UATlOJIIHE DtPARTMEllT'S SPOKEsnAII SHOULD -TEll THE UUTH AS liE KNOll IT AnD ·LET THE CHIPS FALL WHERE THEY KAY · 8 OIlE TESI Of ISRAELI conTROL OVER MAJOR HADDAD IS lIUHEH ISRAEL COULD REPLACE HAOOAD IIITH An EOUALl Y SAJISFACTORY LEADER SHOULD HE fAIL 10 fOLLOII THEIR GUIPAIICE IT IIOULD APPEAR TO BE QUITE DIHICULHOR ISRAEl fO fino A SUBSTITUTE fOR IIUOR HADDAD lIO HAD COHPARAULl LOCAL STATURE OR IIlID HAD IHE SAl1E PERSOIIAL ClOSEnESS TO ISRAEl 4 In THE PAST IT HAS 1I0T BEEn OEPARTHEIIT OF STAtE POLICY lOR IHE SPOKESIIAII 10 HT IHE'CHIPS rALL lIERE THEY HAY · III EARLY EVERY PRESS BRIEfiNG THE SPOHESHAII DEtLl liES TO CO lllEUT OR GIWE rURTHER EXPL AllATlOI S all SonE SUBJECT IN IIAIIY CASES THERE ARE IIIDELY • HIIOIIN fACts BEYOND lIAT THE SPOKESHAII IS IIILLING 10 OlSCUSS THIS PRACTICE HAS BEEN SHAPED BY THE·BElIEF THAT IHE SPOHESIlAH'S ROLE IS PART Of UHlTED STATES OIPlOnAtv AS A lIOLE IHUS THE SPOKESIIAtl IS HOT CALLED on TO DISCUSS CERTAII SUBJECTS liEU THEIR PUBLIC DIS' CUSSION IIOUlO aE HARHfUl TO OUR BIPlOHACY OR to THE INTERESTS Df tHE UIiITEO STATES IT IS ALSO HISTAKEII TO IHPL Y IHAT HAJOR HADDAD AHD HIS Qum DIVERSE FOlLOlIlIIG ARE A fACTOR In LEBAnESE IIIE CREATED BY ISRAEL HAIOR HADDAD COULD NOT PLAY THE' ROLE HE DOES IIILEBAUOH OR EVEN SURVIVE 11I1HOUI GON' TlNUEO ISRAEL SUPPORT aUT IIARlORDS SUCH AS KAJOR HADDAD ARE A conHDII FEAtURE or PRESEUT·OAY LEBAhOII fOR-CEIITURlt lEBANESE POLITICS HAS BEEII CHARACTERIZED BY CHltrTAItIS lIO HEAD GROUPS or ARIIED RETAIlIERS LINKED 10 THEH BY RELIGIOUS fAHILY OR CLIEnTAGE TIES S IN IIIPLEHEtlJlNG THIS TRAOITIDIlAl callCEPTION OF tHE SPOKESHAII'S ROLE IKE OEPARTHEIH or STATE HAS aEEn GUIDfD III THE LAST FEll IIOIITHS BY SKEPTICISM ABOUT TNE USEfULlIESS Of PUSL Ie STATEHEIITS THAT ARE ESSEIITIAll Y RI1UAIISTIC THAT IS THose THAT EXHORI IIITHOUI AllY LIKELIHOOD THAT THEY VILL 00 AllY lASTIIIG GOOD IIlIEH IT DENounCE All ACTIVITY THAT WE ARE 1I0T ABLE OR IIILlIHG TO EFfECTIVElY HWDER Vt RUN TIIO RISKS OIIE IS to INCUR THE ACCUS ATION Of ·HYPOCRISY· THAT YOU AnACN TO PRESElIT POLICY THE OTNER IS TO SUGGEst THAT liE ARE Ie DURIHG THE anOHAN PERTOD LEBANESE fACTlOIiS ALSO SECAKE ACCUSTonEO TO SEEK fOREIGN SUPfORT AIlD THIS HABit HAS IIKEIIISE PERSISl O THROUGH THE fRENCH ANDAlE AlIO UP TO tHE PRESEltT HAJOR HADDAD IS JUST OIlE or HAllY EXAIIPLES or rACTlOIIAL CHIEftAINS IIUH EXTERHAL IES IN TODAY'S LEBAnON 11 ISRAELI JUSTIFICATIOnS rOR SUPPORTIIIG HAJDR HADDAD ARE HOST IIIPORIAIIllY RELATEO TO tHE REAL SECURITY THREAI tHAT ISRAEL FACES FRDII SOUTHERN LEBA lOll THE PLO IIH ICN REnAlHS FORKALLY PlEOGED SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 t PIli 'h Onl Departnl nt i of Stf lte OUTGOING TELEGRAM PAGE Ol OF 82 STAle U 49S TO THE DESTRUCT OH OF· THE ISRAELI STAH COIIlROLS SIGNifiCANT PORTIOIIS or SO'TH LEBAIIOH AlIO HAS fREQUEHtlY CARR lEO OUT ARnED ATTACKS 011 ISRAEL fRO THAT AREA EtiTREl CHED SYRIAN DOHINATION or lARGE PARTS OF lEBAtiOti VOULD BE A stRATEGIC COllCERH rOR ISRAEL HILE THE UNITED STATES HAS fREOU£NTl Y OPPOSED PARTICULAR ISRAELI RESPONSES To THE SECURITY PROBLEII ISRAEl FACES IN SOUTH LEBANON 110 AccounT OF THE TRAGIC SITUAl OII IN LEBAlIOH CAN IG ORE THE EXISTEflCE Of THIS PROm n f HAlL Y YOUR nESSAGE COULD BE TAKEN TO IHPLY THAT ISRAEL I SUPPORT Or-nAJOR HADDAD AIIO ISRAEli AGGRESSION ARE THE DilL V DANGERS TO THE TERRITORIAL IIITEGRITY Of LEBAIIOII THE DEPART £HT 00 5 lIDT BELIEVE THIS TO BE THE CAst Il A HUHBER OF PARTIES IIICLUOIliG THE ISRAELIS THE PAlESlIIlIAns THE IIAROI IlES AUD SYRIA HAVf CARR lEO 011 ACTions DISRUPTIVE OF lEBAHOII 'S IIIlEGRITY AIIO INOEPEND ENCE OVER TNE YEARS All EFFECTIVE U S PUBLIC AND DIPLOHATIC POLICY nUST TAKE ACCOUIIT Of THE IIEGATIVE ASPECTS Of ALL TH S CHALLENGES 14 FOR THE fOAEGOllle REAsorlS THE DEPARTHE T IEEts THAT YO R SUGG SIE POL ICY 1I0ULD IIOT ' PROVE OUR ABlrlTY TO DEAL' WITH THE LEBAIIESE SITUATtOIl THE COHPlEXlTm OF THE SPOKES AH'S ROLE AIID THE PRESENT TASKS COHfROIHIIIG U IT D STATES POLICY THE UNITED STATtS HAS CARRIED OUT A CO SISIEIIT POllCV Of SEEKING III THE DlrrrCUL I CIRCU STAIICES THAT EXIST TO RESTORE THE UIiIfY AND FUll IIIDEfEUD HCE Of LEBAIIOII lOU ARE AVARE OF IHE IInENSE EffORTS or AHBASSAOOR HABIB TO THIS EIID THESE EffORTS HAVE PROV IDEO THE -ONL Y COllSTRUCTI VE APPROACH THIiT AIIV AJOR POVER IS 11011 CARRVllle OUT TDIIARO THE LEBANESE TRAGEDY 1t1 THE LIGHT Of THIS rACT THE OEPARTHENT FEELS IT IS II CORRECT TO CHARACTERIZE u s por ley AS BAIIXRUPT If 00 HOl EVER APPREC lATE THE OPPORTUIIIlY TO H VE DISCUSSED OUR DlffERWT APPROACHES OP Nl Y AHD fRAIIHLY HRIG SECREt UNCLASSIFIED -U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476307 Date 01 11 2018 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416912 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 'ItJ r Washington D C 20520 April 21 1977 MEMORANDUM 86 TO D HA FROM S P - Anthony Lake SUBJECT Dissent Channel Memo 1 t - This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent memorandum'r ll Changing united States CSCE Policy to Take the Offensive 1t Mr Philip Kaplan of the Policy Planning Sta£f has been named coordin tor iri charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been s' nt to the Offices of ' he Secretary the Executiv Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairma of the Open Forum as w 9ll as to the Deputy SE cretary the Under Secretary for Political Affairs thl Deputy Under Secretary for Management the Counselor the Assistant Secretary for European Affairs and the'Coordina or for Hum Rights and Humanitarian Affairs In accordance with dissem channel policy the CSCB Commission as an outside agency has not receiv ad a copy of the paper We commend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as possible to· ·the views you have submitted CJ ared S pt PKaplan NBoyer sip sIp I JHarringtOll VK UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case t- C F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416912 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446379 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 Washlnglon D C 2OS20 DISSENT CHANNEL December 3 1976 MEMORANDUM O INR RAF - I FROM SIP - Jo Anne Arzt · SUBJECT A Bicentennial Tragedy -- US Policy On The Spanish Sahara 86' 1 This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent memorandum on US Policy On The Spanish Sahara Mr Donald Petterson of the Policy Planning Staff has been names coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been circulated to the Offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy planning Staff and the Chairman of the Open Forum It·has also been sent to the Assistant Secretary's Office for the Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs We commend your use of the dissent channel and will respond as promptly as possible to the views you have submitt ed 11 r - vJ fiP· J cA I 86 'USJ-'l t 2- G· r 1 7h - _-_ _ ---- -- - -- ------- - - _ _--_ _- -- - _- ----_ - ----_ _-------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446379 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN FULLI TAB A July 11 1974 SECRET - GDS Proposed Sale of Second DC-8 to Gabon Factual Summary The °Gabonese Minister of Economy and Finance entered into an agreement dated March 20 1974 with Seaboard World Airlines Inc for the purchase of a DC-8 63CF convertible cargo-passenger aircraft for a price of $11 200 000 The contract is contingent upon EXIM financing Gabon has deposited $400 000 but can recover this sum if it withdraws from the agreement at this time Applications for an export license and for EXIM financing have been filed The GOG has also entered into an agreement with UTA under which the French company would service and operate the DC-8 and an agreement lith Air Afrique whereby that airline would operate the DC- S when Bongo was not employing it for his personal travel In a letter to Ambassador McKesson dated April 13 1974 PreSident Bongo stated that the aircraft would be employed for his personal use In a note to the Presi-' dent of the EX 1M Bank dated March 21 1974 the Minister of Economy and Finance stated that the DC-8 would be used for Presidential travel and the carriage of freight to other countries except those not represented in the United Nations • In 1972 President Bongo pressured the Department to authorize sale of a DC-8 to Affretair a Gabonese-registered company He stated that the DC-8 was to be used for his personal use as well as for freight carriage within Gabon and between Gabon and Europe Because of published reports of Affretair's involvement in air freight traffic with Rhodesia the Department requested the Commerce Department to condition issuance of an export license upon the receipt of written a surances from the Gabonese that the aircraft would not be used in trade with Rhodesia Affretair provided written assurances to this effect but the Gabonese government assurances were only provided orally by the Minister of Transportation upon instructions from Bongo The export license was then issued with the further proviso tnat future sales of aircraft or spare parts would be conditioned upon Gabonese compliance with their assurances Though we have no firm assurance that Affretair advised the Gabonese government about this warning we consider this a strong possibility Prior to issuance of the export license in 1972 some officers in the Department were aware of sensitive intelligence information from British sources that Affretair was a front for a Rhodesian concern and that the DC-8 would be operated and managed out of Salisbury under Gabonese registry The conduct of the Department officers approving the sale under these circumstances is now the subject of an inquiry by a special panel convened by Deputy Under Secretary Brown The Acting Director of the Office of Central African Affairs h9-d earlier brought the matter to the attention of the Justice Department • On ' - SECRET - GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 SECRET 2 the basis of similar information from private conunercial sources including Air Afrique EXIM deni ed financing for the aircraft which'was then privat ely financed through the exporter and departed the united States October 14 1972 On October 28 the London Daily Telegraph reported that a Salisbury concern had acquired Rhodesia's first commercial jet a DC-a to be known as the sanctions buster Since that time the aircraft has been engaged in well publicized freight traffic to Gabon and to Europe The u s has received protests from the UN Sanctions committee and the OAU and there have been critical reports in the press of the Department's conduct Recently under UN pressure Greece announced it would in the future withhold facilities from the DC-8 The Netherlands is also seized with the problem of Affretair's use of its facilities The U S Commerce Department has rejected several applications for licenses' to export'spare parts to Affretair When Bongo first requested another DC-8 in a meeting on December 5 1973 Ambassador McKesson as he reported in Libreville 1093 - 7 Dec 1973 registered surprise and recalled unfavorable publicity connected with first purchase He Bongo brushed this aside as unconsequential and said that if it would make it easier for u S G O G would purchase plane directly rather than through Affretair and- he' would personally sign any documents we wanted so that no possible criticism could be attached to U S In April of this year Commerce acquired information from a U s citizen recently in Rhodesia that Bongo received a substantial sum annually from the Rhodesian concern to keep the DC-8 under Gabonese registry and that the same concern would be attempting soon to acquire another DC-8 in the U S also to be registered in Gabon This disclosure which raised the prospect of a repetition of the 1972 transaction was subsequently corroborated by reports from two u S aircraft _vendors that they had been contacted on behalf of Affretair by Frederick B Ayer Associates the S 'liss aircraft broker which had arranged the first DC-8 sale However closer inquiry by Commerce with the Frederick B Ayer office in New York disclosed that 'it was seeking a DC-8 55F for Affretair - hereas Bongo had contracted with Seaboard World Airlines to acquire a slightly different model termed a DC-S 63CF Coincidental with Commerce's investigative efforts EXIM Bank has sought information regarding Bongo's efforts through Air Afrique and UTA the French carrier which were among the private commercial sources which tipped-off EXIM about the true nature of the first sale In the present case these sources have corroborated Bongo's statement that he desires the aircraft for presidential travel or lease to Air Afrique These sources however may not be objective since as noted UTA has a contract to service the aircraft for Bongo and Air Afrique has a contra t to use it when not being operated for Bongo SECRET - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 3 SECRET Tpe Department has also sought information about Bongo's efforts through the British intelligence channels which revealed the Rhodesian link in·the last transaction These sources have not yet disclosed ny useful information concerning the pr esent case Finally the Department sought the views of the OAU on Bongo's request in light of that organization's earlier criticism of' our first sale Though the OAU never responded directly to our inquiry President Gowon in his former capacity as OAU President wrote to Bongo stating in part AS far as I am concerned your decision to buy a DC-8 63 aircraft for your personal use is a purely internal affair of the Republic of Gabon and it is not for the Organization of African Unity to give or ·rithhold consent about its purchase II AF does not believe this communication will in any way immunize the U S G from African criticism should the second aircraft be used in Rhodesian trade f41 L AF BKHufrrnan mmp 7 11 74 x-23736 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt SECRET of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473610 Date 01 11 2018 CO 641548 5 IED u s Department of State ease No ' F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 _ __4_---- 7--_ ----- _ __ _ _ _ BEST COPY AVAILABLE _ ' j' Acn0t ' II • RELEASE IN PART B6 J l _ _ _ __ RE'8852 1 1 ' oi e2 - Jr f 11 P 'p Ge' r '11 ---- -- - i 'f '7 t lo 1tZ - -2 INFO OCT 01'· ES 0i' iqQAI r 4 ' _ a· · •• _- RwwDPag51155 R 25H26Z MAR 77 PM AMEMSA SV DAMASCUS T 8ECsfATE WABH 2053 sec E j B it N 1 0F 2 0 A I 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H SV N 4 O ISR Hi'z ACT±O S OTENTXA LY GOV R En y DIVERQENCE a MUTUAL INTEREST SECRE' co 641548 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO 415485 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' - • • ' ' pS - - - riI • J _ _ _ - - - --'--- ----- --- - -- -- ----- - -- _ _- se CR 'j' O 5C I482 ' PAGE 02 ' 1 OF 7 2 - 51133Z ' 3 SVR j S AF U r I 5Hf RI'JONr n l SDUT LE9AlIJON A Gfo R8 TO HAV I 'IlIAl L Y C Ur r T 1 · C t 3Y SLiF P ISE 'K nn O NOT CTH S DES C NSCIOUB Y R tLXlED FUL I P t n OF a REl A1I 0 SHIP CF P K't' l L L l UTilt 1T Iqi 1 CH Arj EVE i '0 0 SlNCi EAKLY 19i SV IANe r D F Cm R L ATIVf L Y Af CUS ' i·1i r j· r f Eltn' Ai j - I L' r ' iI 'I Xi V I L ' 8 l 0 N l of 7Ci'I _ MAI TAX EC SD E ED CTA3 LiTY eTl ULUS INC i T rr OR SM PT F eVRIA GROUND F Rr S IN n SPO 8 TO CHAN HI j j'r j l 7A N CG A t i T3 I I i CON rH l' ' ' N S b iM'I i i r i E ' t 1 ' ' ··H · ct ''''·'' ' t J$ ··I - CR L'-i4 C t rUr U ' 1 V' U · P ·'l WITH EACH OTM R PT N THROU'H CFFICES TO AP LY XISTI G TlCiT NE SiTUATIO -l ND LEC2E NT I ''' r' ' L --A t - U S o ND 'r ' ' '''' ''' '''' CO ' f l rJ · T u JQRCAN1A GOOD G DU D ULES TO A I PF 'CE 1T O C t· F R d ISRAEl l ACK TkAT MoeT CE T STl LUS OI NOT N U Y THREATE iHEIR UN E LYING I T R STB AND A H D A ESTA CTI G l E2AN S LH T g AL STI IAN CCALiT O ATT XN t of GUeC SSIV Ljl AUS OF U QE 5TAND N R ACHgD OUTER %M T OF THIS I FCRMA AND MAKESH pf p OCe$R 1·IKr SnHN FCRtEs t L'o c H iO ADF' I T R O NA AT V AI 4 SVRO I foEL V RGENCe iN N SATiYAH AFFAIR iNti ESU T G 01S0 Z N AND DTH R O SE VER6 AS H V V X AstD RE5 M LL RC AMAECUB VANT G SOUTH pal T e n M e no OF F cn'j l IFF ClJL TIES C N i3F aU MARIZED ATkE B FLVI SV IAV8 ANO ISRAELIS CO PER ATED N LEBANON UT ISRA L S R UN XLL N TO CbQPE Ai TO ASSXST 9VR A to iMP EMZ T POST ARA _ SUMMIT GOAL OF T N NG SA K S CENT A PVER M NT' AUT to 0 RIi V Hl T0 SOU i H I 1B A CJ' I • He e x$lH t I I S P C lV PRE8E C OF SVRl N ADf T acps AT NA ATIVA AND S vnND It SiP EAT a THE I R l 1 r-d H R f 0 PER 8 A T R A' n 0 BV I 3 A l I EL ECT N CAM PA GN• AGN1 E I VE TH S ALTER U s f OF AFFAI COOL IG S CC Ei ' ' ' ' - ' - ' ' ' % 'I· t ' ' ' • • -0- _ c - I ' -' -I - r ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 I SECRET PAG 0 eS11 Z t ev _ WII LINGN 8S TO P y A G R T R RO E IN 6RING1NG PA 8Tl IAN INTO S TTLEMENT 'RoEE B ON TERMS ACCE TA lE TO ALL PA TIEe NO TO EXPLORE lTH eOME tOHFtDENce PURTH R ACCO OD 'lON TO lS AELis eXl TANCE' t RtGION CONFXD NC 'Ul OING PROC SS WHICH EC-ETARY KxaSlNG HE 'EO NURTUR OhLOw¥NG OCTOBER 197 1 O 02 N F%CANTL A'FECT OUR GR T R R GIONA tNTSR ST iN SEVERAl W YS MOaT OtR CTI V UNDfHHl1NtNQ' SYRIA $ OAHASe 01 e2 I AND W lCH lEEM D TO STALL WITH SIGNING OF 1i'5 $IN i ACCORD PICKeD UP O E MOHE TUM IN MuiATEO FORM OK SYRO·t RAf t FRONT 6E lNNXNG IN 10 S A NG L1N $ aUHMARXlEO AOOV 'ARA IN UNP ANN O ANO ijN eXP CT O HANH 8VR%ANS NO ISRAEL S lK MIDST 0' ExtRgM VtOL NC ANO MOUN I G P ES'UA $ GROPED ' O RO ft GtONAL teQ ODATI0N IN LeVA T ACCU TOH O Bv V lRS W R 01' eTI Rll ' PO ITtC 1 DE8ATING NO UlT RMtTTe NT WARFARE OTHE tTH susPtclQ AND HOGTILXfv THeySUDoeNT _FOU O THtM l VES ONP ONT O BV COMMON OANGEP TM THReAT 0' • RAOIC L STATE o THE%R eORD Rs TO R SARO EAtH O 9PiTE RIPeATeOL XPR s 6 O EeQ tNG8f %a C· U Tt T LY PEftMt1T C ABOUT 0 900 tVRIAN TROO 8 To ENTtR 8ANOH lND DESPITe RS THAT l RAELts MIGHT TAKE DVANtAG 0' TH£lR MI iTi Y WEAKNESS ON GQ AN $AO WK N HE D Tf MIN O IT ijA $ NeC RV DEP T O H% GO AN 'RO T O SOME MECHANl P' IN'ANTRV ANO MX Sl 5R1GlOE TO HE T WHAT H PE CEIVEO 45 GRE TER THRE TS IN L NON· AND ON IRAQI aORQE Ht E BOTH PARTiE$ RECEIVED OUR INPUT eE QRE T EY RE eHEO THEI OEr tSIONS T AtH CRlsts POINT T £V ULTrMATE Y RISKEO RE vlNG UPON THEIR OWN PE C£PTION O' MUTUA SE F INTERF ST TO VOLVE A STRATEGY THAT SUCCEEDED l' p @ CR T ri1 -- · _ _ t ' f----- - 1 I - Lr' - ' J t I -t' 1 h • • 'I 4- ' t • ' ¥ - ' _ t- -- ' 1 1 ' t t' 1 l h j ------------------_ _----_ _-_ _--- I 1 • _ t UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case I io F-2016-07743 Doc o C06415485 Date 10 11 2017 UNC SI IED u s Department of Sta te Case rN o FF -2 0i116 6- 00 777 4 3 M- 0t - - - - - - Doc No C o64 1 51' Date '11 13 2017 ' ' f A p - r- - -- - - ---- DEPA TMENT OF' STATE WUhlnKton O C •• 20520 ' CQNFID'SN'±'IP L 'J3UBIS DISSENT CHANHEL 86 ' i n Emb ssy New Delh India t DearL 1- - - - I 'I am writing in response to your Dissent chaim'e1 mes'sage on food aid to India New Delhi 2820 which could not have come at'a more opportune time An action memorandum to the Secretary had been prepared ' by NEA and EB' and concurred in by siP a few hours ' before your message came We immediately had the Secretariat hold up the action memorandum we put a ' forwarding memorandumon£o your message' and sent it forward to Nr Sisco and the'Secretary together with ' the action memorandum This is one of the best examp les of ti l ely us of the dissent channel in my emory 86 As you will s e from the NEA EB memorandum a copy of which is enclos'ed the discussion that they set ' forth was along much the same lines as yours and the recommendation which I SURPort came out ab the same place The addition of your special expertise and opinion ensured that the Secretary had a we l-rou ded set of views on which to draw in making his decision 'The secretary has not yet acted on he'question of PL 480 assistance to India the NEA EB memorandum' and your dissent together with Ambassador Saxbe's ' recommendation are still before him Once the decision is made it will of cou rse be c'omrnunica ted to' New Delhi ' whatever the outcome 'YQu can take sati faction in the fact that your proper use of the dissent channel was an integral input to the process of generating the best possible decision in the' faQe of ontendi g points of view ' eenFII EN'fIM EXf IS PISSENT CHANNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Depa'rt ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 1 · --------------------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2916-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 - lA CONPIDEN IAL EXDIg DISSENT CHANNE' -2' ' On beh· tlf of myself and' the Se retary I to thank you for your contribution I want Sincerely yours j Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff I ' ' Enclosure NEA EB memorandum • ' ' ' ' I r Drafted S P TPThorntop vb x2l744 3 4 76·· Clearance ' CONFIDENTIAL EX DIS DISSENT CHANNEL S P OFP Peter I ydon UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431351 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 EPA RTM ENT OF STATE - Wasl inll Qn o e 20 20 SEeRE' £' ME MO RAN DU r 1 SIP - l-lr Winston Lord TO FROM PM - I __________ I i 86 DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJECT j The Secretary recently agreed to·permit a pakistani Air Force team to come to the United States to visit an LTV plant which manufactures A-7 aircraft This sudden decision reverses a policy of many months during which the Department has steadfastly rejected approaches both from the Pakistanis and the manufacturer requesting permission for' such a visit Our refusals stemmed from the clear policy enounced early last year which stipulated that we would be prepared to consider arms sale to Pakista 'l but only for de'fensive weapo s A-7 aoes not fit that definition ' I regret this reversal of policy Although the Secretary has only agreed to a plant visit it will not be perceived by many quarters as a very limited action It will have the immediate consequence of forcing us to permit-visits by Pakistani teams to other aircraft manufacturers Northrop I Fairchild and Douglas ' who manufacture comparable weap'on systems It will be perceived by the Pakistan Government the Congress the Indian Government and the manufacturers as the first step leading to an eventual decision to sell one or more of the' various aircraft types Based on a cost-benefit analysis the balance sheet would weigh heavily against the decision The potential costs might be a Continued' pressure by the Pakistan Government and their supporters for appr val of the sale of the aircraf bJ Potential excuse for the Indians to further improve and modernize their forces 'lith Russian equipment It is the SECm GDS _ _ I • z - __ _- _ _ 1· 'C '- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S _II - _ _ ' Department L State - '- - - - -- _ __ - _ --- - _ -_ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 -2 military with the larly of tensions judgmknt that the Pakistanis cannot achieve parity Indians and that further arms acquisition particuan offensive nature can only lead to increased and not the stability that we hope to ·achieve c Further restrictive legislation by Congress in order to prevent situations or this kind from recurring The legislation under Congressional consideration no 'f is already restrictive and burdensome We should not invite further encroachments into Executive Branch legitimate spheres of action d Pressure from manufacturers' particularly LTV and their supporters for approval of aircraft sale On the benetit side we ght say that a this action permits the us to maintain a positive relationship with GOP although when one views the panoply of weapons that we are prepared to provide the Pakistani it would appear that the plant visit cannot be c ntral 'to maintaining good relationships b The decision may gain support foi other Administration initiatives from a small number of Senators who would view the visit sympathetically I c If the visit subsequently results in the sale of A-7 LTV will be able to keep its production line in operation and thereby save 15 000 jobs It has been LTVts contention that the sale to Pakistan is essential if its plant is to remain in operation after this year It is this latter benefit which is of particular concern I t may be the only justification that has any basis in fact It would however be the first· instance in my memory at least in hich a sale would be justified primarily on domestic economic grounds If the Administration ever finds itself justifying sales of defense ar icles and services essentially on domestic economic grounds then I think we can expect a major Congressional effort to'ful1y eliminate any flexibility that might be available to the Executive Branch In addition even without the Congressional aspects it would be poor foreign policy if arms transfers are to be dictated by domestic economic requirements SECRET i I --- - -- --- I -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 - ---- - ---------------- --- - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F -2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 BECRD'f' -3- It seems to me that we must now face the prospect of two further decisions 1 I I a Preferably we should conclude that the plant visit is the end of this process and that no sale of offensive weapon systems will be considered ' b Failing to maintain that position because f either domestic or Pakistani pressures we must consider t-lhether we can make a virtue out of necessity Tha Pakistanis are interested in a reprocessing plant We have rai sed serious objections to this scheme If we must e should trade authorization for the sale of an offensive aircraft A-7 or A-lO or A-4 for assurances from GOP that it will not pursue the acquisition of a reprocessing plant I am loathe to suggest trading one bad policy for another but it may be that this is the price we will have to pay' Such a trade can at least be rationalized and might be acceptable to other interested parties such as Congress and India If we are to consider this trade-off then there is some urgency since lAEA will be reviewing the reprocessing plant sale prop sal in the near future II I i I ' PM 86 bpw 2 1' -0 -' 7 - 6 ----'x 2 33 a2 -- _ _ - - ------_ _----_ - __ ' - _ ' _-- '- _--- --- _- - ----- - - ' - -- - - ---- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department c f State Case No F·2016-07743 Doc No C06431511 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445875 Date 12 11 2017 f - - - _ - ' f' ft V·· _____ f -- Mi • 9 RELEASE IN FULL or PAGE r CILEArFY 3 SAMUI L E 72 STATE 118103 LI ITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 21 STATZ OR IG I N ARA-14 INFO OC -01 I50-0e LI ITEL 10-13 OfFICIAL USE 1191€3 AID-05 51L-01 057 R ICA-11 LA -04 B-0a £'RAFTED BY ARA RPP Jr·1O 'GRALY BT APPROVir BY ARA RPP CEFIKA ARA AND ESSTrVE P 09 2131 Z NA Y 7 e ------------------255156 101Z52Z 16 I 1M SECST ATS 'JP SHDC 'IO AMUI BASSY SAKTIAGO LI ITIr OFFICIAL USE STATE l1Ele3 E 0 11652 1 A ''LAGS HA B eI SU3JRCT AFt-CIO SOLltARITY VISIT - JM b2 1 2 3 REF -SAN ' IAGO 3329 1' AFL-CIO A PRICIA lS wI'IE GUHR U OUTLIf E OF - IMEASSY COOPIRATIOJ ANr COHCURS 'EUkT IVEPaOGRAi PREPARED FOR SU1JECT VIEIi 2 SOLIIARITY TIIM WILLIiG iO MIET WIfE Pir5111 T AND OR O'IHER GOe P EPRESE TATIVES SUGGESTED IK REtTEL BUT IKSISTS Ot PAETIGPAiIOK IE NEI IliG or TRADE UNION LIILERS ACCEPTABLE TO HL-C IO D·EF'AR M NT EELIEVES 'fEAT SUCH PARTICIPATIOE 5iOULD I CLUti SOME DEMORATIC LEADiRS EOT HiVOLVED wITH ROUP or Tt l • AFL-CIO HAS KO OBJECTION TO 'IEIS PROVIIIL GROUP OF TE§ Aun AIFLL CPD 'GRll 3 JESSE FRIrD AN OF AIEID dILl ARRIVE MAY 15 fO HELP LI IT3E OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 STATl 11S1e3 'FIEALIZ ARRAiG3MEETS 4 AC'IION FQUISTEL PLEASI ALVISI ·l ThLt 'IF-ERE IS AGREE ·IEl T CK IKC LUSIOr OF LEADERS OU'1'51D1 Jf OUP· OF 'I'EN Al r iT SO WHO 'IHEY 0 ULD BE I ANC LIMITEt OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445875 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476867 Date 01 11 2018 1----·----------------------------------------------------------------------------______ ___ u ·UNCLASSIFIED OUTGOING P· U Co t III U 1 iii d I J III 0 j I 1 Oep u-ulzent of S Cite --_T--- ElEGRAM PAai 61 Isam 5T ATE AOS·Oij ES-OI DRAFTED BY S P HJOIIES CJR BY SIP P ROGMAN II no KKIIIG ISUBs II OGP DKUR SCH II COHP lJuauS ISUBSI EAP EX EPOlnnll - wsom IDOl R 7 I APP £CIAIE YOUR 'BRIIIGIIIG THIS ISSU£ TO IIY ATTEN TIO I AIIO TO THE AIlEJllIOJl OF IHE OTHER PARTICIPAIIT ItIVOl VEO IF YOU BEliEVE 'IIE CAli OR SHOULD 00 AHYlHIIIG FURTrlER PlEASE LEI nE KIlOI SHULTZ II RnOlAIi 'S P p TIIO OEP£IIOEIllS nEEOS OF THE POST n IS ALSO CLEAR THAT eMI 9E OORE USIUG THE PIT • CATEGORY 'AI THIS POIIIl 'THEII THERE 5 115 110 NEED to PRESEIIT THIS AS A FUll DISSEnT CHRllliEL CASE TO THE SECHFIARY AIIO OIHER PRINCIPALS UlllESS tou lOUlO llllE US TO DO SO • ORI IH tIFD DCT-OO RELEASE IN • eOlS OPEII ORU JRr IIiERISOIl ··········· ······ l6$H l023131 138 P lOUUl NAY 8l FH SECSIME IIA HOC TO nf H6A SY SEOUL PRIO ITV UIICLAS STAre ISa ll DISSENT CHAlI IEl rROM SIP P II ROOHAII TOL I_ _ _-' E o Un6 lAGS APER SU8JECT FAMILY E PlD fHEIH AI rOSl • REF 86 IliA SHARED ArM PDSIIIOIIS SEOUL 5121 l AS I MEilIIOIIEO lASI IIEEK REPRESEliIAIIVES or THE POLICY PL AIIIIIIIG COunCIl IHE OFr ICE or IfAIIAHHEIiT OPERAlIom l f IMEOIAIE orFIC or THE VI DER SECRETARY FOR MilAGEH£IIl rar oFrlCE or IHE OIREtrOR G iERAl THE orFICE OF PER OlllltL I1AIIAGEHEIIT AIIO THE ECRHARY' S OPER FORun HAVe OISCUSSED YOUR IDEAS COIiCERIIIIIG IHE SHMlnG or A IERICAII rAlliL Y I W R POSITIOIIS BY 1110 OEPEIIOE IS V All PGRtED THAI II IS POSSIBlE TO CRtATE TIIO H F·rrIlE PII POSlTlOlll FRon O IE FSIUMn POSITIOII TO PRODUCE IHE SAME RESULJ l 7 10 00 r ls flJll TIH£ IHE PDmlell 10 aE SHARED OULD HAVE 10 BE REP OGR n EO FOR TIIO Hftlf·TIH£ PIT POlIIIOII AlID IHE EMPLOYEE E ICUMeERIII m POSITIOII IIDUlD BE PITS TH POST 1I0ULO I G THE FSll ml POSITiOn BEIIIG HPROGRcnllEO SO THAT IT COIJlO BE IOEllllrlEO IF IH£ POST LAlER l1 HtC 10 R OUE I ITS r ££S ABlISHnEIIT AS A fUH·lIIIE FSllIAFlf posITIon ' - l SlIleE HE IS ACCOUIIltO FOR ACCDllOIIIG TO THE EHPlOY tIIT eAIEGORY or'IN nPLO'fEES 1101 or IHE POSllIOIi IISElF rTE FOR THESE POSIIIorrs IIOUlO BE CHAR EO AGAIHST THE EAP BUREAU'S PIT flE moeAIIOII IF IHE fiE ALLOCAIIOIl OR PiTS VEp' IIISUFflclEll1 TO COVER II II OS I E BUREAU COULD REOUts A rR ISFER OF FIr F on fSU HE TO THE PI1 CATEGORY I THE JOS-SHARIII APPAO CH rOR AFHS COIJlO BE WI FJCIPl FOR fAnllY C LE AIIO HOlDS IHE POltrlTIAL FOR AllO lrrG lCRE SPOUSES TO PARIIClPAIE III ATM PROGRA S Oil IHE D1KER HAIIO THERE IlL BE 'CREASED PAPERIIORK A POTCliTlAl LOSS or THE IWiT lIur 101l L £Iio y THPT A rUll· HE FSH POSIlIOllll -TEMPORARilY· corrVERltO IO IVQ HALF-TinE PIT PO 1I10 IS AIID POIElIlIALLY HIr HtR A II · ISlRAllVE C OSIS FO T O EMPLOYEES HIIHER TH II II£ PROBlEn P EVIOIJ lY EXPLAIIIEO IlIE you EHBASSY r IRS 4D£ THIS R£GUESI S THE DEPARTnWT IIlll DI CU S IHIS ISSUE VOH Stout's AOnln COUI mOR I lIEIrHE VI ITS IIASKIIIGTO I • 6 Ll OF lH P RTICIP IIIS III OUR HEfJlUGS ARE III FAVDR or SPlIllIIiG TnESE PO lrrONS AIIO USIIi IKEn fOR UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case NO F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476867 Date 01 11 2018 co 6416964 IED U S Department of St e Case No F-201 -07743 Doc No C06416964 Date 10 11 2017 S'rATE 014560 150-00 ONY-00 PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 ' INFO OCT-OJ 0218 003 R RELEASE IN PART J DRAFTED ---- ---_ ------------------042114 042041Z APR 77 F·M SECSTATE I'IASHDC TO AMEM8ASSV BUDAPEST R CON F l O - 86 BY S P GSAUSTIN VB APPROVED BY 5 P WALAKE S P-OF NABOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY e N 'r I A L S A i' E 7456 I' 5TAOI5 I i DISSENT CHANNEL FOR _FROM LAKE I E O TAGS 11652 5HUM SUBJ ECT REF • 86 GOS XX 01 SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY BUDAF EST 13 137 1 THANK YOU VEI Y MUCH FOR A iHOUGHT PROVOKI NG AND USEFUL DISSENT MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS YOUR THINKING ON A WIDE VARIETY OF POINTS IS MUCH LIKE OUR OWN 2 · WE ARE WORKII G i LONG A NUMBER OF LINES YC'U SUGGESTED THE SECRETARY IS CONSIDERING MAKING A SPEECH DEVOTED TO HUMAN RIGHTS HI IT HE MAY RAISE AND DISCV 'S A NUMBER OF THE Issues YOU RAISED SUCH AS THE TOOLS AVAILABLE ·TO US AND THE PRACTICAL P05S1eI ITIES FOR PROMOTING RIGHTS THESE ISSUES ARE ALSO 8EING STUDIED INTENSIVELY WITHIN THE' DEPARTMt NT AND THE RESULTING POLICY PAPERS SI- OULD REACH THE FIELD SOON 3 YOU IMPLICITl Y RAISED THE ISSUE OF THE RE LATIONSHIP OF POLITICAL RIGHTS TO MORE CLEARLY ECONOMIC RI HTS WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS 13ECAUSE OF THE ATTENTION GIVE N IT sOTH IN THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMA RIGHTS AND BECAUSe ' Of' l'rs IMPORTANCE IN THE NORTH-SCIUTH CONTEXT AND IN THE RATIONALE FOR OUR POLICY IN BILATERAL AID AND IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS TO SETTING LIMITS ON US HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY THE PRESIDENT 010 THI S WHeN HE SAID IN HIS MESSAGE TO PEOPL E OF Oi'HER NATIONS THAT wr WILL NOT SEEK TO OOMINATE rlOR DICTATE TO OTHERS WE ALSO INTEND TO MAINTAIN A BALANCE OF PUBLIC ACTION AND QUIET DIPLOMACY 4 FINALLY YOUR POINT THAT THE GOVERNMENT MUST HAVE A DIALOGUE WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC ON RIGHTS ISSUES IS WELL TAKEN SHOULD THE SECRETARY FINALLY DECIDE TO GIVE A HUMAN RIGHTS SPEECH WE EXPECT IT WILL RECEIVE WIDE ATTENTION AND CONTRI8UTE POSITIVELY TO THE OUALlTY AND EXTENT OF OUR DIALOGue' WITH THE F UBLIC AND CONGRESS WHICH HAS INCREASED AND IMPROVED MARKEDLY DURING THE PAS TwO MONTHS 5 AGAI N THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL ON THIS IMPORTANT SUBJECT VANCE CONFIDENTIAL __ _------ --_ _- ------- _----- _'------'-- _- ---- _--------- ------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416964 Date 10 11 2017 · ·· · I I j j J J I co 6416915 I'ED U· S Department -of State Case No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 April 19 1977 CCNFlDENTIAL MEMORANOOM TO FRCM I SIP -- w Anthony Lake ' o X-203 4 Subject DISSENT Channel the Offensive Changing United States CSCE Policy to Take This memorandum is subnitted in the dissent channel Distribution is requested as follows S D' P Ct' EUR SIP SIS D HA the CSCE Carmissian and M SUMMARY U S CSCE policy tends to treat the Belgrade Conference as an event synonymous with CSCE itself Most CSCE tiIre and talent in the Department therefore has been charmeled 'into pl for the Belgrade conference or into l imiting CSCE discussions with··Soviet·bloc countries to those matters finding favor with NAID CSCE experts Current U S goals for CsCE rrost recently stated to the WhiteHouse on March 19 I have stressed the use of CSCE to strengthen the NATO consultative rnechani rn while relegating canpliance to the Final Act to lesser importance Little more that two months ranain before representatives of the 35 CSCE states sit doon at Belgrade to work out an' agenda for the Fall CSCE review Inside the US govemment in Congress' and am mg the public sensitivities are being heightened as to what ought to take place at this meeting and what CSCE is maant to be H ver the Belgrade Conference is destined to produce a bland statanent of consensus at best even i f it says only that the participants coulan't agree on much No decisions on specific acts of canpliance to the Helsinki accords are likely to be made there The U S foreign pOlicy cannrunity has to cane up with sane new CSCE thought to parallel not replace extant t Olicy and planning for Belgrade New CSCE policy should be defined reccqnizing that decisions to exmply with the accords can be made only inside gove rnments and that the Firial Act gives only to signatory· governments the fonnal _standing to seek this' canpliance The emphasis of this new policy should be on increasing Depart1nen t and Embassy CSCE talent to augrrent bilateral and rmlltilateral CScE activity by the United States The goal w uld be to step up fonnal pressure on other signatory states to ccrnply to all provisions of the Final Act This pressure should canmence before the Belgrade COnference begins I and carry through it and beyond defusing any danger that an unsuccessful Belgrade venture might be interpreted as an ultirnate failure or end - of CSCE itsel£ END SUMMARY a l lFIDENrIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De e rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 6 416 915 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 COOFIDENTIAL -2Did'CSCE PoliCX Change When U S Mministrations Clanged CSCE and the Belgrade COnference have presented an unexpected challenge to the Deparbnent Although Secretary Vance was asked to indicate early in February that this country VQlld continue to coordinate Belgrade policy with our NATO allies it was inevitable that the profound human rights camri tment of President carter would have to be factored into these plans The President f s repeated public statanents on the importance of the Final Act portended heightenai US emphasis on the character and outccme of tJ l e Belgrade Conference scheduled for the Fall 1977 They also suggested the propriety of a review and augnentation of Departrrent time and talent devoted to CSCE Nonetheless CSCE policy renained oriented to the desirability of convincing NMO allies that the pre-em inent CSCE priority was rallyipJ to a unifiai NATO approach to the Belgrade Conference Little tine was spent however focusin J on the politics of achieving this unity or detennining hOO or whether it would serve the West in fir1ding s to Soviet-favored CSCE initiatives These are questions· of g litics Lack of attention to the politics of NAID planning the p littcs of Soviet CSCE offensives or the politics of meeting Camnon Market priorities with reasonable US alternatives have led to a dilanma to1ay our closest allies for reaSons different than Moscow's may attanpt to sin 1le rut the United States as the' chief Belgrade troublemaker That monkey WOUld then be off the Soviet back A careful reading of reporting cables fran the latest NMD CSCE maeting lends credence to the suggestion that the fabric of oor NATOdirected CSCE effort has becane frayai or perhaps irrep rrab1y dcirnaged A careful discreet polling of views arocmg Department officers privy to the details and history of NA'IO' s planning for Belgrade would shed light on whether this is too extrene a statement The CSCE Conmission staff experts on Belgrade could offer additional thoughts as well Remedies They are necessary only to the extent that the following needs are recx gnized as serious ' - the need to del ineate a CSCE strategy parallel to Belgrade providing the rreans to maintain the centrality of the Final Act in CSCE matters even i f the Belgrade conference is a failure i -- the need to determine the merit of arguments heard in NATO that Belgrade planning itself be more flexible and incorporate more European priorities stressing discussidn of differences within NAm even at Belgrade rather than trying to paper them over and -- 'the need to go on the CSCE offensive with the patience and C'Cm'IDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Depa l11ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 -co 6416 915 IEb T s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - o NFIDENTIAL -3finnness necessary to extract Soviet Bloc canpliance to' all Helsinki proVisions espec ally Basket III This last priority cannot be served in the long tem by the finite transitory character of the Belgrade conferenoo The need far canpliance to the Final Act began once signatures were set to the dOCUI'lent it will last long after Belgrade has ended of CSCE Policy -Basic Questiorts 'Must Be ·An ed What is required is a fresh look by the Department at the past but especially at the future In asking ourselves about CSCE an attenpt should be made to answer queStions basic to any CSCE policy A Review -- What does the carter Administration expect fran CSCE -- What are the 'best ways to attain this a Should US strategy be primarily focused on e Belgrade Conference or should Belgrade planning be part of an overall P3CE policy What alt rnatives exist which can parallel Belgrade plannin r to insure that the CSCE process will continue if Belgrade fails or results in a bland nono mmittal document b Should US CSCE strategy 1 e primarily NA'ro-based Are we willin r to tenpe r the American stance on human rights and the desire far a ccrnprehensive review of inlplerentation in order to rna int ain a canrron NNro CSCE poliCy c To what extent are we wil ing to risk ruptures in bilateral US-USSR relations incur CSCE policy HCM far can we' push the Soviets in CSCE-related matters before they make the decision to pullout of Belgrade or CSCE What would a Soviet CSCE policy look like after Br hnev dies' or retires -- Should CSCE be used to bring about fundamental changes in the Soviet system or should it be used in an attempt to achieve rrerely the· alleviation of the more obvious human rights abuses which are referred to in the Final Act Hew can CSCE be used rinst 'effectively to g ve East European countries ma ximum opportunity for indepetXlent lines of action ' Is it wise to link the Warsaw Pact with the Soviet Union in Western criticisn of Eastern lack of c crnpliance Hoo a e we going to deal with the opportunities afforded the Soviet union by the Final Act to influence the econanic social and political currents in Western Europe and t o enhance their control in Eastem Europe as well -- How can an integrated mechanism be established to identify areas of U S non-canpliance and to suggest measures to recti£y the UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 CO 6416 915 IED u s Departm·ent of State ·· ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 OJNFIDENTIAL -4problems Will we have responses to these criticisms at Belgrade -- How should the United States clarify that in CSCE as in overall foreign FOliey conoern far human rights and the dignity of the individual person is not a political tactic available to NATO but a ftmdamental aspect of American philosophy and political ccm nibnent Are arguItEnts that a heightened dial qn human rights may cause problems at Belgrade insensitive to circumstances and opportunities which have emerged since August 1975 and November 1976 As Belgrade m mentum increases will it be appropriate for tile United States to make strong ·bilateral representations that CSCE houses be cleaned up ·The Right of Inqu iry and Interference in Intema1Affairs The United States and every other Final Act signatory has the political right of inquil y regarding implementation of the Helsinki accords Whether to press these inquiries and heM to insist on canpliance are decisions the United States along with each CSCE state must make for itself Prudence and lorqstanding friendship dictates reflecting on the views of our allies and joining with the n whenever possible but other countries cannot decide for us nor VIe far them on how to press for compliance I f Basket IV -- which spells out this right of inquiry - is to be taken seriOls1y the number one CSCE matter for inroediate attention lTUlSt be to end any argument over the political right of each Final Act signatory to inquire about canpliance to· the Helsinki accords This issue transcends everyt h inJ destined for the Belgrade COnference and everything in CSCE itself There is at least one overriding danestic imperative for confinning the right of inquiry -- President carter's explicit desire that this be done The President has clearly stated that he considers the Final Act one of the nnst important political resources available to the US to influence national and international behavior He relives the Helsinki accords must be· implemented not relegated to the past and that signatory govennnents must if be devise innovative maans to bring this about He has explicitly reaffirrred the political willingness of the United States to ccmply with the Helsinki accords and he has called on other gove rnments to do likewise Where canplianoe requires US housecleaning the President has insisted time and effort be so devoted need Europe's Reaction Our NA'ID partners are testing the strength of US involvement in NA'ID caucussing'befare Belgrade begins The US has shcmn it can keep the lead at NA'ID i rl sharp contrast to its record at Geneva COOFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 C0641691S IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - r OJNFIDEm'IAL -5In fact sane say the United States is the only alliance country demonstrating jmagination and great effort to tie down a NA'IO strategy for Belgrade Certainly our own experts are working hard on this There is good reason to seek NA'IO solidarity for the review conference and this point is not meant to be debated here But canplete unity Can never be achieved It is an illusory goal Instead to merge the concept of NAID solidarity with the apparent sentiments of the President means for CSCE to avoid placing all our C'SCE eggs - especially the controversial human rights e Jgs - in the NATO or Belgrade baskets at all But wa· nave· gone far iiLthat direction ' 'he CSCE transition paper the 'Department I S sanction for NAID-oriented Belgrade planning and the March 19 '1977 CSCE review paper read often as i f Belgrade were virtually the same thing as CSCE A grave error is ccmmitted if attention is not focused on what will work at Belgrade and what will not The what will not nrust be given' another forum ll Other CSCE Fora The Soviets Know They Exist Overau CSCE fOliey of this country still does not show sophisticated sensitivity to the notion that the Soviets and their allies are taking effective political measures to separate major portions of CSCE activity fran the Belgrade context Bilateral discussions with We stern European signatories and the United Nations Econanic Ccmnissi011 for EuroPe are where SixM's representatives are doing their talJdng • Soviet m d ia alone have been ronfinning this in detail for over a year Still the evidence even today has not been factored effectively into u s planning to rounter MoSCCM'S CSCE offensives Belgrade or other Substantive' issues such as human rights are weant to be taken up once the Belgrade Fall phase begins the U S has insisted Yet it is selflimiting perhaps self-defeating to as sume· this is the scenario the USSR will follCM to plan only for it and to suggest that the proper method to preserve dialogue over the Final Act is to m derate public statenents about hunan rights Perhaps the dialogue at the conference should be moderate but perhaps this oountry should begin to do CSCE battle 'nCM on other figh fields as the Soviets have been doing for sane tine naN A U S CSCE Offensive It should l egin with a discreet notification to ally and adversary that the m st important Belgrade initiative II perhaps the only one should be to seek agreement at Belgrade that each and every CSCE signatory has the right to inquire a1 out canpliance to the 'CCNFIDENTIAL - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416 915 IED u s Department of State ---------- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - -6- Helsinki Final Act The intent obvicusly would be to deprive any signatory of the opportunity to declare that such inquiry was interference in its internal affairs This initiative would include tabling a specific text spelling out how a state receiving these inquiries would respond substatively within a set perioo of tirre We would pres1 lll e that the Soviet Union wculd understand this·as a distinct challenge to their favored CSCE tactic of rejecting inquil y as interference in its inte l affairs 'I'l1e United States would signal to the USSR its canmitrnent before the c6nferenc to a moderated Belgrade dialcgue as the quid pro S £ There is no question that· this approach would require a profound mcdification of policy presently being haIlllrered out at NA'IO Furthe rnore it would have to be coupled with another func1arre ttal change in U 5 policy namely an augmentatiOn of US plannin J and man r to begin sophisticated bilateral diplonatic representations to Soviet Bloc CSCE states lacking in canpliance to the Helsinki Final Act Each U 5 Embassy in the Soviet Bloc would be required to designate one a mpetant officer to read and IDderstand the Helsinki accords He would re asked to gather together specific sy proposals on the precise steps the host goverrment had to take to canply with the Helsinki Final Act together with an upto-date evaluation of past canpliance The Embassy w culd define for itself a role to play in making repeated diplanatic representations aski ng for further canpliance - canpliance to all Baskets of the Helsinki accords U S Embassy Involvement in the CSCE Offensive SUch activity would arrount to preparing' and executing a CSCE diplonatic offensive which could parallel a Irj preparations for the Belgrad e Conference Before Einbassies could begin their CSCE shopping lists would have to be reviewa l in the Department by an augroonted CSCE team in EaR EUR CSCE tP filter out proposq ls deerred counterproductive to Belgrade planning The team would' have to synthesize the Einbassy lists into one dOC1 lrnent our NMO allies could examine and even the neutrals and non-aligned could have a look The opportunity for European allies and friends to ccrrunent before the U 5 offensive began would forestall our CSCE discussions conpranising what they were doin J with the Soviet Union and its clientS Where European friends asked we withhold discussion a maximum effort by' this country would be nade to rreet these wishes Once the reviews of Embassy proposals re canpleted U 5 diplonats would bejin the offensive Our allies and -friends in Europe would receive discreet updates of progress made and the Department wruld speak out publicly whenever an open rendering of accOunts was deemed appropriate and useful 'CXNFIDENTIAL -- - - - -- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 1Q 11 2017 •• co 641 6915 IED ____ 0_ 0 __ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 - COO'IDENTIAL -7J npact on 'N MD- riented 'Belgrade 'P1ann 9' Without question this broader-based approach to CSCE would take matters out of the exclusive dcmain of NA'IO affairs I although the NATO aspects of CSCE would ranain important But a defined group of CSCE experts in EUR coordinated at seventh floor level by the newly established Department CSCE rrechanism could begin now to join flnbassies and DepartIrent resources to cull fran the provisions of the Final Act specific actions other gOlTernments must be aske i to take along with the u s tactics needed to pry out favor le responses Faithful consultations with our allies d preclude creating an impression that for the United states CSCE was to evolve into a unique' fom of s r bilateralism Defusing Belgrade If the President were to disclose publicly that this country planned long-tenn bilateral talks on Final Act canpliance other CSCE goVerrntEIlts friend and foe would detect that this country did not pin all of its CSCE hopes human rights or other strictly on the Belgrade affair By defusing what for nCM seans to be at stake only in the Yugoslav capital much of the clout would be lost to the Soviet argument that the BelgraJe review oonference must avoid polemics Indeed Belgrade and ' he current planning for it could be presel Ved but the Conference woold lose its present character as the only international occasion in CSCE for a formal u s statanent of ccm ni tment to Helsinki principles • Other International Connon Ground for CSCE Discussions The Final Act prov des tllat the U N 's Econanic carroission for Europe will have a specific role in seeking compliance to Basket II provisions u s policy has been to downplay this I in an attempt row proven futile to convince our allies in EurOpe not to respond favorably to positive Soviet suggestions on what the ECE should be doing with the Brezhnev proposals for thr pan-European conferences - on the environrrent I transportation and energy The ECE I S annual meeting later ' this· m mth I may result in the U s appearing as the crld-m in-out I oes this auger well for _ Belgrade If not I this country might do well to reverse its decision to resist European attanpts to define the utility either of ECE activiq es or the Brezhnev conference prOfX Sals In addition it woUld do ll to rethink the u s refusal to supp rt W stern Europ an sent iIrent that under the CSCE banner ' groups of experts might meet to discuss the sort of Helsinki canpliance which can take place only if two or IlOre oountries cooperate fonnally This country has been opposed to such experts' meetings because in its Vie 'l they would amount to institutionalizing CScE • There are gexXl reasons to institutionalize CSCE and not to create a cumbersane CSCE bureaucracy UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State__ qase No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 C06416915 IED u s _ - - - ' - ' - - - - - - - - - _ _--Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 DocNo C06416915 Date 10 11 2017- COOFIDENTIAL -8which could 5100 or stymie efforts at COl'pliance But the Belgrade Conference o Olld be a proper fo rum to def ine the canpetance of experts' rneet i rgs whose function w mld be to exanrine the possibilities for multilateral CSCE cooperation or new CSCE initiatives rather than to discuss the obligatiOns of governrrents to ccmply to the existing Helsinki accords Those Final Act obligations are grist for the bilateral mill primarily H er i f 9XJ er tS are indeed destinerl to carve out a few areas of their CMl1 the United States would do better by being present at such meetings than to turn a deaf ear The SOV'iets won't 'Ihe Inpact of an Unsuccessful 'Bel%ade ·Conference Even if the Belgrade conference re reduced to an anot Clrial confrontation over Basket III areas or i f it became a dialogue of the deaf the spirit of Helsinki and pressures for ccrnpliance to the acrords would be maintained if this country began nOW to shape a bilateral offensive and to signal its willingness to consider p 1sitively the rrerits of experts t rreetings But far rrore CSCE time and talent would be needed and this countJ y would be at pains to apply it carefully before Belgrade so that oor European allies and friends would understand the purpose REQ M 1ENDATlOOS 'l' HA'r a decision be made by the Department to broaden CSCE r olicy THAT U S policy for Belgrade ineorporate the intention to seek confirmation 'at the 'Conference of a CSCE state's right of inquiry regarding another CSCE state' s catpliance to the Helsinki Final Act along with the responsiliility of a SCE state to reply substantively to such inquiries on a timely basis THAT CSCE policy emphasize not only Belgrade but a CSCE offensive pdmarily bilateral in nature but includin3 a definition of where the United States can -join European allies to support CSCE eJq erts I rreetings Both undertakings would be rreant to carry on 'the v ork of CSCE outside the context of Belgrade THAT a new office EUR CSCE be created to work closely with EUR SOV EUR EE the EUR offices for W2stern Europe EURjmM EUR RPE D HA and other interested bureaus tcgether with the CSCE Cmmission to shape CSCE policy for presentation to the Department I s CSCE coordinating I1'eChanism and eventually to Congress and to the public ai1d THAT EURjCSCE oversee an immadiate designation of u S Enlbassy officers in Soviet Bloc countries to begin the work of preparing CSCE bilateral representations EUR CSCE would mXlify Belgrade planning and policy to the extent necessary to acco mocx 1ate this activity -- -- -'---'--' - -- ' - - -'- - ----- - - - - - -- - - -- --- --- - - -- ''''' -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416915 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446517 Date 12 11 2017 DEP ARTMENT OF STI TE Wr hlnglnn 0 ' RELEASE IN PART '05 r o 86 21 FEa 1978 i o'l'lP I BEM 'fllU UNCLASSIFIED' UPON P MOVAL OF ATTACHMENTS f- 1ENORANDUforJ TO ARA CC1 - FROM SIP - 1 nthony I SUBJEC'r Dissent Channel Message on the· Spanish Saha La - - - I_ _ _ 86 __ 'i'hank you for your dissent channel message on thp Spanish Sahara r have askod Steve Cohen of my staff to coordinate a rp ply to the issues you raise in your memo WE hQve sent copies to the Secr tary the Executive Secretary ann the Chainnan of t he Open Forum in lddition to the Under Secretary for Security Assistance the Assistant Secretaries of the European Near East Afr'ican and Interna·tional Ol'ganization Buraaus and tne OiL ector for l olitico-lHlitarl Affairs NI ' e pect to r espond to yeur viei s promptly Tha nk you for your submission CONE' DENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED _-----_ _-- -' uPc5N REMOVAL OF ATTl' CIJMEN'l'S ---- _------- --- '-- ---- ------- --'--- - - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446517 Date 12 1 1 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476309 Date 01 11 2018 CrBNF IBENT I AL OUTGO I NG TELEGRAM De'partnlent of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 ·STATE 3402 096526 RELEASE IN PART INfO OCT-DO ADS-DO 5-01 1003 R DRAFTED 'BY SIP EO' DONNEll AG APPROVED BY SIP PWOLFOWITZ SIP 0 fOR TIE R S P OF GDRAGNICH --·-·· ··-·--·--·-aDOI40 R 151813Z APR 81 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY BONN 6 e NFl 86 151939Z 143 BEN T I A l STATE 096526 DISSENT CHANNEL - FOR '-1_ _ _ _--------'1 FROM SIP WOLFOWITZ E O 120'65 TAGS WOLfOWITZ PAULI NA SUBJECT REfERENCE 1 CDS - 4 9 86 YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BONN O 573 GotH I BENT I Al - ENT I RE ·TEn 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECEN T DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE WE HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY ' THE UNDERSECRETARY FOR POLITICAl'AFFAIRS THE COUNSElOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR NEAR EASTERN' AND SOUTH ASIAN AffAIRS THE EXtCUTIVE SECRETARY THE DEPARTMENT PRESS SPOKESMAN THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INYElllGENCE AND RESEARCH AND THE V RIO US 0 fF ICE SIN THE 0EPA RTMEN T WH I CH YOU REO UE5 T ED YOUR MESSAGE Will BE TRANSMI'TTED TO THE EMB'ASSIES REOUESTED CHARLES FAIRBANKS POLICY PlANNING STAfF MEMBER WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY HAI·G C8NF IBENT IAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476309 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431962 Date 11 1 3 2017 WHrTr JOYCE -A iRELEASE IN FULLi STATE 266580 SECRET PAGE 01 ORIGIN SY-05 INFO OCT-01 SEeRE - STATE 266580 ISO-00 AF-10 ARA-10 EA-10 EUR-12 NEA-10 MC T-01 5 f O-· 0 liS CE-00 US IE-00 INRI-00 PFR-01 OFR-02 OC-£16 CCo-ee SCS-e'3 EB-08 55-15 CA-0 1 ' IO-13 109 R DRAFTED BY SY CC JFPERDEW SC APPROVED BY A SY OPS - VERNE F ST MARS A - JtnHoMAS M CT - J KARKASHIAN fIN DRAFT ARA lEX - R GERSHElIl50N IN SUBS AF EX - J BRYAN IN SUBS F UR X - D LEIDEL IN SUBS EA EX R MILLS IN SUBS MFA EX - LCSMITH IN'SUBS A-01 S S -0 TG ART Hi ------------------123190 0800457 61· o 080005Z NOV F SECSTATE WASHDC TO ALL DIPLOMATIC AHD CONSULAR POSTS IMMEDIATE 5 E e HE STATE 266580 INFORM CONSULS E O 11652 XGDS-3 DIMPTD TAGS ASIC PINS SUBJECT PLANNED ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA 1 DEPARTMENT HAE RECEIVED REPORT THROU3H AHOrHER AGENCY THAT A TERRORIST GROrp PLA S ATTACKS WITH ROCKETS AGAINST LUFTHANSA AIRCPAFT SOrReE OF INFORMATION HAS IN PAST DEMON TRATED RELIABILITY IN REPORTING SEeR EeRM PAGE e2 STATF 266560 2 LOCATIOM OF ATTACKS ARE NOT KNOWN 3 POST SHOULD ADVISE ALL PERSONNEL TO REFRAIN F OM ·USING LUFTHANSA FLIGHTS UNTIL THIS SITUATION CLARIFIES SUGGEST THIS INFORMATION BE HELD TO POST PERSONNiL 4 DEPARTMENT WILL CONTINUE TO ¥ ONITOR SITUATION AliD ADVISE WHEN TPRE 6·T APPEARS TO HAVE PASSED VANCE PAGE W' • • - Q - ' •• r 1 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431962 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 1 I 201 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 - SEeltE'r MEMORANDUM TO 86 FROM siP - SUBJECT Your Dissent Message of September 15 Regarding the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon Reginald Bartholomew Acting The purpose of this memorandum is to report to you what actions were taken by 'S p in response to your dissent message of September 15 with Respect to the Secretary - On September 16 Mr Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as you expected AF recommended approval of the issuance of an export license for the sale of a DC-B to Gabon he bring your draft dissent message to the Secretary's attention before the Secretary acted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving AF's Action Memo of September 16 Under Secretary sisco's office attached and forwarded to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's 'copy of your dissent message We understand that the Secretary read your dissent message before making his decision - Although the Secretary had already acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your dissent message we nonetheless forwarded it to the Secretary's office This final version was returned to us on October 16 with the note that The Secretary has seen the attached dissent memo SECHE'f' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 SSCRfl'f 2 ' ' with Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce sip in consultation with AF and L decided that if it had not yet done so the Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and invite them to send officers to the Department to review it along with all other relevant documents We decided that these documents should not be sent to the agencies since they constituted internal working papers of the Department - Even before the above decisions had been taken Mr Keith Huffman of the Legal Adviser's Office in accordance with a previous commitment to cooperate closely with the Export Import Bank had invited Mr John Lentz of the Export Import Bank to come to the Department to review his file on this matter • Mr Lentz did o on September 27 Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it - On October 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that while the Secretary had decided to approve an expo t license for sale of the aircraft there had been some strong objection to this action in the Department that arguments against granting a license were recorded in a dissent message and that he or any other Department of Commerce official would be welcome to come to the department to review this dissent message Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind ll regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since the Department of Commerce would be guided by the Secretary of State's decision Mr Licht asked however if Mr Huffman could fon rard to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with any restrictions the Department of State might wish to place on its distribution Mr Huffman said that he thought this might be possible Before Mr Huffman could pursue the'matter however Mr Licht called back withdrawing his request for a copy of the message l SEeM' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 SSORE'f 3 sip believes that the actions which were taken by SIP and in AF and fully meet your request that the Secretary and officia ls in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce be promptly apprised of your dissent message so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your opinion hey should not approve the issuance of an export license for the sale of the aircraft We are persuaded that insofar as the Department of State is concerned the Secretary Assistant Secretary Easum and officials in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reservations 'raised by you and others in the Department Quite clearly the Secretary agreed with Assistant Secretary Easum and L that on the basis of the evidence and information available to the Department the issue of the legality of the sale turned on a judgment as to the likelihood of misuse of the aircraft SIP shares this view We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the Secretary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know THIS MEMO WAS CLEARED IN DRAFT BY L - Mr Keith Huffman AF - Mr John Foley I' Mr Walter Cutler ' SIP - Mr Ray Smith I I i snORfi'f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445654 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445876 Date 12 11 2017 1 - Ie - C - ACTION COpy PAGE 0 J ACTION 51 -132 - ' I jRELEASE IN '1PART 86 ' tlAAfrEU UdrFrCli lfsf INCOMING DejJartnz ent o f State SANTIA 03615 TELEGRAM 6 176 13162 Z OCT-0J ISO 00 ES-01 004 W ------------------097707 131304Z MAY 78 'FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO TO SECSTATE WASHDe 9210 INFO l 10614Z 10 R LIMITED OFFICIAL use SANTIAGO 3615 E O 11 TAGS N SUBJECT MAY 21-23 MESSAGE f L-cro OLIOARITY VISIT - 1 THIS MESSAGE T RANSMITS A OI'SSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOINT OF I - c -' TLABOR TTACHE THE DRAFTER DOES NOT WISH TO RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION OF THIS MESSAGE BUT woueD LIKE TO ENSURE THAT ARA CH SfL AND ARA LA MRS L R ECE IVE COPIES I 2 THE UNITED STA ES GOVERNMENT HAS LONG HELD A POLICY OF STRENGTHENI NG FREE TRADE UNIONS THIS PQLICY RECENTLY ENUNCIATED IN OECEMBER BY VICE-PRESIDENT WALTER MONDALE WHEN HE SAID THAT THERE DOES NOT EXIST A FREE SOCIETY WITHOUT· FREE TRADE UNION IN ATTEMPTING TO FURTHER THIS POLICY THE UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT IN COOPERATION WITH THE AFL-CIO HAS LENT ITS PRESTIGE AND SUPPORT TO A CHILEAN GROUP OF DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNION LEADERS WHO HAVE RISKED THEIR LIVES AND PROPERTY TO URGE A RETURN TO DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONISM IN CHILE THIS GROUP WHO ARE SOMETIMES CALLED THE OINAMICOS OR THE GROUP OF T-EN HAVE BEEN RELENTLESSLY HARASSED BY THE CHILEAN GOVERNMENT FOUR OF THEIR MEMBERS IS ANT ANA OEL CAMPO SEPULVEOA AND MERYl HAVE BEEN REMOVED 'FROM THEIR UNION POSITIONS BY GOVERNMENT DECREE THE GOVERNMENT ALSO ATTEMPTED TO 00 THE SAME TO EDUARDO RIOS AND RIDS UN IKE THE OTHER FOUR DECIDED TO FIGHT 3 THE SOLIDARITY VISIT HAS ONE PUF POSE ONLY THAT IS TO STRENGTHEN THE DEVELOPMENT OF FREE T AOE UNION MOVEMENT IN CHILE THE GROUP OF TEN ARE THE PEOPLE ON THE FRONT LI NES OF nils POLICY AND OUR SU PORT HAS BEEN PRECISELY BECAUSE T IS IS THE GROUP OF TRADE UNION LEADERS MOST IN NEED OF ASSISTANCE TO FURTHE THIS POL ICY 4 THE INSTRUCTION IREFTELI THAT OTHER DEMOCRATIC GROUPS SHOULD 0 E INCLUDED IN AFL-CIO CONTAaTS WITH GO C OFFICIALS WOULD SERVE TO DILUTE THE EFFORTS AND LASOR OF THE OINAMICOS THIS NEW POLICY REOUIRING THAT DEMOCRATIC ELE ENTS WHO REMAINED ON THE SIDELINES OF THE F'IGHT FOR A PROMPT RETURN TO TRADt TIONAL TRACE UNION FREEDOMS BE GRATUTIOUSLY INCLUDEO IN THE UMBRELLA OFFERED BY THE' AFL-CIO DELEGATION REWARDS THE WEAK ANO THE UNCOMMITTED IT 'ALSO SERves TO DILUTE THE AUTHORITY AND FORCE OF AUTHENTIC DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONISM IN CHILE PRECISELY AT THE TIME WHEN I T MAY BE COMMANDING MORE ATTENT ION c _ 5 I STRONGLY RECOMMEND THAT THE DEPARTMENT WITHDRAW ITS SUGGESTION THAT OTHER GROUPS PAR TICIPA'1 E IN ANY MEETING WITH GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS LANDAU -- ------ - __ UNCLASSIFIED U S pepartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445876 Date 12 11 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476870 Date 01 11 2018 - IRELEASE IN PART 861 -c NFUCNTIAL SIP HJONES CJR 5 24 84 X2' 172 S P P lJlRO D t lAN SIP JREINERTSON PRIORITY S P HJONES GRENADA l ISSENT CHANNEL FROM SIP PtTER RODMAN TO '---_ _ _ _--' I E O 12356 TAGS 86 R 'A'J N A PREL' EAII GJ US XL JR SUBJECT USAID'S PLAN TO SPEED ECONOMIC REFORMS IN GRENADA 'REF GRENADA 1887 RB R t J 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REGARDING HE AID PROPOSAL TO SEND TEAMS OF EXPERTS TO GRENADA 2 WE HAVE GIVEN COPIES OF YOUR' MESSAGE TO THE SECRETARY 'THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN fORUM POLICY PLANNING STAFF MEMBER RALPH BRAIBANTI WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY WHICH WILL PROBABLY INVOLVE SENDING ADDITIONAL COPIES TO ASSiSTANT SECRE1ARY MOTLEY THE t ADMINISTRATOR Of AID AND OTHERS UNLESS YOU PREFER THAT THE DISTRIBUTION BE LIMITED IN SOME WAY 3 I HOPE TO 8E CONTACTING YOU AGAIN BEFORE LONG WITH A FULl REPLY yy e I C Nn»ENitIAE • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476870 Date 01 11 2018 I co 641696 5 IED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416965 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-10-77 S P ALAKE S P G AUSTIN S P N80YER S P SVOGELGESANG SIP ONLY ROUTINE BUDAPEST r-- - ----- - - STADIS D IisE Ni -C-HANNEL -FOR 1L_ _ _--- J1 FRO ' LAKE-SIP _ --- E O 11652 N A TAG S SHUM SUBJ E T REF A 1t GA HU DiSSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BUD APE ST 4 3·7-- B 86 TL MAC HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY SV 'V NB BUD APE ST 74 7 1 I REGRE-i_ THAJ D U E_io_ i rii liTR AT YE -E OFr XQ · DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY WAS NOT ACKNOWLEtGED UNTRNOW MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFfICESOF THE SECRETARY 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AffAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416965 Date 10 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431352 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART ·DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM S S February 26 1976 eoN'OP Ifl EfH'f'IAL mm I 0 DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary FROM SIF - Winston Lord Title I Food fqr India In accordance with your policy of bringing dissent messages to your at ention I am forwarding here yith a Dissent Channel message from Fscl I I in New Delhi In it he dissents from Ambassador s a x b e ' s r ecommendation that you reverse your decision to move ahead on Title I assistance to India B6 NEA and EB have prepared an action memorandum on this same subject for you providing options of a agreeing with Saxbe l h proceeding as planned and c making a partial cut in the Indian program NEA and EB recommend as does Lande in his dissent message that we proceed as planned · Lande's argumentation' parallels that of NEA and EB taking issue with Saxbe qn political as well as technical economic grounds I agree that a PL 480 Title I cut-off is not a good idea at this time for the reasons stated in the memorandum and Lande cable The strategy that you approved in Janua ry should be followed for a while longer ·at least I would also like to express my opposition to the third option that NEA and EB set forth but do not recommend • A partial cutback would give us the worst of both worlds It would not meet Saxbe's political concern but'would create almost as many problems here and in India as would a complete cut-off I see this as a non-option Attachment Dissent Channel message from Peter Lande Dra fted S P p'l'hornton Vb x2 14 4- 2 26 76 CQ Pl DElWf'IltL BXD IS DISSENT CHANNEL ' -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431352 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 - --------------------- RELEASE IN PART - - -_ - -- - - - -- -- 86 -- - - _--------' _- I I MEMORANDUM 86 TO AF C - L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- - - ' FROM SIP - Winston Lord SUBJ C T Your Dissent Message of September the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon The purpos of thjs memorandum is to report to you what actions were taken by SIP in respo se to your dissent message of September 15 With Respect to the Secretary - On September 16 Mr' Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that SIP had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as you iI r i at9 AF rec'ommended approva of the issuance of an export' license for the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon he bring your a aft dissent message to the' t Secretary's attention before the Sec retary acted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving AF's Action l 1emo of September 16 Under Secretary Sisco s attached and fo arded ffice to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's copy of y ur di'ssent message We understand that the Secretary read your dissent message before'maKing his decision Although the Secretary had already acted on AF's memo before we received the final version of your UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 ____ ____ ___ - ____ _ ____ - - dissent message we Secretary's office none ss _ _------- ----'--- ___ J 2- forwarded it to 'the This final version was returned to us on October 16 with the no ted that The Secretary has seen the attache'a aissent memo n with Respect to Officials in the Export Import Bank and the Department of Commerce - In' response to your request of September 24 to Mr Lord that the Department make your dissent message available to officials in the Export 'Import Bank and the Department of Commerce SIP in consultation ea ' - with AF and L decided thatr he - ' Department should apprise the two agencies of your dissent message and X J' invite them to send fficers to the Department to review ' it along with all other relevant documents We decided -t -- -' ' if· that these documents should not be sent to the agencies ty 'K ' since they qonstituted internal working papers of the -Q - ' It' De Y ' 4 ' par tIn t en _ ' - - • I D·n • ' f ' ' t· •• __ hk- 'j ' 0 ·r l ·' JlA 7 ' _ i September 27· a f tb d n i t a ion 04 · Mr 'lIro 't1' - •Keith Huffman' of ·th·e Legal iser' s ofii ' ' V Ohn h fr t tl ' o 0' •0 V P Of I Lentz of the ExpO t Import B k c e f j 1 1 to review Mr HUf map I s file on this matter Among the documents reviewed by Mr Lentz was your dissent 1' ' ' 4' ruJo memorandum of September 24 and the attachments to it v-V' V'A l - On October' 2 Mr Huffman called Mr Morris Polo v IJ' Licht of the Department of Commerce to inform him that b-'V jI ' while the secre'tary had decided to approve'an export ' ' l- '7 ' license for sale of the aircraft there had been strong til IJrl'a M objection to this actiQn that e 9 for djsap SECRii'P - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - __ ___ -- _ -- of a license were that he o dissent message - - _ - -- - ---- --- -- -- recor ssent message any other welcom would be - -- ------------- Depar ent and of Commerce official to come to the Department· to review this Noting that he was aware that the Department was not all of one mind regarding this sale Mr Licht said that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest since would be guided Dy the th ecretary Mr Licht asked however if Department of Commerce of state's decision M Huffman could forward to him a copy of the dissent message for his records with 'any restrictions the Department o'f to place on its distribution th9ught this might be possible tate might ish Mr Huffman said that he Before Mr Huffman could Licht called back with drawing his request for a copy of the message sIP believes that the actions which were taken by pursue the matter however SIP and n AF and L fully meet your request that the SecretarY'and offiqials in the Export import Bank and the Department of Commerce dissent mess ge bl pro ptly apprised of your so that they would be aware of the reasons why in your 9pinion they should not approve the issuance of an e aircraft ort license for the sale of the insofar as the Department We are persuaded tha the e cretary State is concerned Assistant Secretary Easum and offic als in AF and L gave careful and thoughtful consideration throughout this case to the reservations - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 -0 IT------------------------------- ---------------------- • Ll raised by'You and others 1n the Department 1 Quite clearly the Secretary agre ed with Assistant se retary aN - - LEasum·that on the basis of the evidence and information II s r 1I ejcJ· ' of 'fl b s lJ n McJ available to the Department the 4 - - aee Biefl ffletfle 40r · crt h ·caJ j '4 c J 1 Ji '''1MI 'iI I· t 4W C - IV fA rcr-o -1' Bot to a l'pLOve the sale f-1 -l le-li i-r l a f_t _ a·s-a-matt'er- of ja69fften-t - not a 169a1 issl2e- SIP shares this yiew We wish to commend you for taking the initiative to bring your views to the attention of the ecr tary If you think further action should be taken on your dissent message please let us know UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473654 Date 01 11 2018 co 641548 TloED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No COf 415487 Date 10 11 201 - ' x ''''' - Yo - - • 1I¢b - x - _ __ _--- _- - - - • _JI- - -- - - '- J - I 1 jRELEASE IN FULL j j • i SECR 'i 1 0 A J Aac 14 p 2 ' a 0 F S 0 V' ' p' A i r Acn ON ---- j' 5i 1 3 i OCT' ' 11 ES 1 iSY 0 0 4 il HIFO 0 _ gm a_ m Q a 051154 FM AM MeA SY DAM scua TO SF C8TATg AS O 2 4 J _ ••• '- - ' · ' I I ' ' ' - l ' ' - l j V · ' -- - - ' ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED ··U S Department of State Case No F-2616-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 --- ----- -- CO 641548 TIED 'n U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 - s tOo· - t' to _ nbC _ _ to eft· a' ' • _'- 1 - ocztt ---- -_ ' - ' •• __ ••__ __ •• __ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ SECRL T DAM ic i482 2 OF 2 THA T ' uUl C g S EC 9 8A v' ti'AD THEY a E 'I EV N A P AC 3AS e6115BZ 7 PEA c FOR eR tLI MOJ WOU D NOT HAVE GUA ANT ED A COO ERATI E S a 5e 10 INT R A Aa CONFLICT iN THE l VA T ANO L Z N Me _Aa8 NC GP P ACE Hr DERED CCNVERGE f TO XT T THAT CO p Aa T 0 N I l I EeAN uNO r N CESS 'i V I AS i PI CXi A W 2 Hr 3 Ii' ED UPON THE RE ANCE PQ Z f RM£OIAn e C EXCHAN I G CnH UNXCAQ T O st 7 tURR Nt' SIGNS OF D V RGE C IN inUTH LEBANbN THREATEN TO D 8 U T PROG Sa Al EA Y ACHIEVED AN 6ou c EAO TO RSGIONA CDNFLICT H T IS OISTUR ING ·i 1' ·I 'I t t·I ' ' ' ' ' 1 f' •• I· ARABS TO In 'l 'I- · i· I 1 1 1' 1 0 ' I '-t ''''-''I C L'' OF e 'J ' 't r ' II ' ' tN 'O' ''' i l e Hi eDM so VERY CL08i TO GRKING OUT THEI OWN PRcr9LEMS WIT OUT R S TI TO 5Y· NaW FiMi IA FALLSACX TACTIC J TER CSI G 81 NIFtC NT NUM3e S OF UN FDRC 5 eI EEN n PUT NT8 M V 6 P RMITTED TO O%5SIPATE LEAVING eYRIA LL N8 e8 TG B URTHE AR AA OF COMMQ X T R 6T ITH ISRAEL ANa Ue TO POSSIS V'W Ng REa ONA ' '11' - ' AS w LI · 9 ' W LLiN NESe OF THE DEPARtM NT to MAINTAIN P N HINO A nUj H S RnON Cr U l iP-t·uPS H iD SOlJ -l L AhJON s THAT W 'ME lLL T TAK aOM I8KS TO RESO V SOUTH EeA D lSBUS UT AS N'TEC 4aCVE f RA EV D NCE IVP n p l t ' I''' ''' • U J J I TK'I'B I '7t rQ r·' 1I lCi'l' -- i I lv ·Il'l'f C'· i • • oJ 0 1 t _ 0 1' 1 I - ' 1 1 DF O'J ' CAP%TALo I eUGGE5T AN ALT RNAT VE 5TR T GY THAT WILL EHLP TO E O DI80 ER IN SOUTH AND SI ULYANw OU5 V ENHANCE SYRIAIS DE$IPE TC ASSUM ACTIVE qOLE IN DV RCO ING NEGOTIATI G O SfACLES TO REACH' CaMP Q HENaIv AGRE gE T W T OUT 8 CU8LY UNDERMINING paL T eA IS A l X CO ' n v L pS 1 N'i' TOO K beE TT I E -1 ENT t· p 0 0 E 'NV S I' UC A V g L TYCAL A6 T·I 1 Tn EQ3UAD j ldt p f'l - _ ·01 - - r I 1 •• I 'It II - _ - TC TDLERATE LJ TEn XNAE TIQN OF fiYRIAN 6 F F RC S INio SOUTH L aANON TD REaiO CENTRA GO T' AUTHORITY TO THAT REGXD ' A D TO OBTAIN SYRIAN CONxe A 5 CqET A ' - - ' h - ' ' ' j f J f · __ _ _ _ _--s _ - _J Ji I --- - - - 't • • UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme f_ t tE Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 C0641548TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415487 Date 10 11 2017 r' ' - - - ---- -- ---- - ----- ------- - -------' A E B i DF 2 6ii5 i ACT 0N ND R0VIDE i i M l Y DAHASC 0i482 j lJ C 4 tl E Hi f ' END E l i O TAll F O P FORIH naN C t iH£ rt FO C p NO MISS O S I TK SOUTH THIS WDULD N CESAITATE U S TAKING DtPLOm a S NT M C LEAD 'TO PA8KIC A H NSE ENT5 SUITABLE TO aTH DE8 TO nR D GtP T AT HA oFE n BUT IT eE S WE CwUt 0 Ul L iJ eli r Ii '1 Nl 1 0 I j W· TKAT I iB AEL S SVRIANS MA G£d TO u cnv R o AST J AR ANC TA E AjjVAi jAG 0F tr r r CJ TIC · l CEPi ONS En ' N - 1 J 5e ·O C FA 'l ni rG· on r G lflN1E Zf 'iK C FFI UL n s IN co vtN6l G bTH PA TIES TO FCLLb THtS CCUR8 ArTE aii ut eucc s 'u iir l'i r Ff U RV IT 'RIeKB A TA C ZX G TH ISRA L e HE E S K NG TH IR cncpE Arln TO R SU a S NSZT Va GOTJATIDNS 'rC I A r CiV RA L S TTLU E T D Ur iH S ANTAGO S AMV aE 5HO T LV D IF 8Y XtN BUCC sBFU Y nN T TH5lR iB ICN AND K EP TO r E T S OF WHATEV R A RANt e -' f l· S- AR1 CO CLUD jo 3 6 D U C OUR r pe 1 lE C DVE THE AeT VEAR AY R A9CNAaLE GR 4NDS TO CEPE D ON SVRIAN ERFO aNCi AND SINCE SYRlb'S XNva V ENT XN LE3 ON HA5 a H A M JOR D T RMZ A T CF ns ' 1 I N N 88 iD P 'Y t O$ti VE p OL 2 lt rn AtH NG 5eTT E MT ITH le AEL POL T C L CAPITA lRVES E IN THIS STRATEGY CU D STAN A R ASCN8L PROSAEt · lTV OF ODING T ATHE THAT o TING CUR PUTUqE NEGu·r AIING ASSrIJrA' MURPHV SECRET ' ' •• • II •• - r 1 - - - • - J ' # ' r - _ I • ' - II ••• •••• II' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N·O C0641548'7 Date' 10 11j 0' ' 1 - _ _------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 V _ Jt N I c NI F JfVr -L- RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 BRIEFING MEMORANDUM SIS February 24 1976 DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary FROM Sip - Winston Lord Pakistan A-7s and Nuclear Reprocessing Attached is a Dissent Channel memorandum from I of the Bureau of POI t co-M Iltary Affalrs wh ch I am forwarding to you in line with the policy of bringing dissent messages to your attention Since this paper covers matters that are likely to come up in your 'conversations with Bhutto on Thursday you ay wish to read the memorandum before then NEA's briefing memorandum for the Bhutto meeting explores these issues in detail I I 86 I regrets the decision to permit a Pakistani Air Force team to inspect US aircraft production facilities believing that this will generate strong pressures to sell offensive aircraft to Pakistan which is not in the US interests He is particularly concerned over the dangerous precedent that· is apparently being set by justifying foreign military sales on domestic us econom c 86 I lu ges that we make a determination not to sell offensive weapons such as the A-7 to Pakistan- -irrespectiv of the PAF visit 86 Failing that 1 I urges that we extract a s·pecific quid pro quo from the Pakistanis viz that if we sell them offensive aircraft they must forego the acquisition of the nuclear reprocessing plant that they now intend to buy from France 86 grounds · Attachment Dissent Channel memorandum Drafted --- ----- --- -- - -- S p T ornton vb X2174 2 24 76 --- -------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of 86 Cleared S P-OFP P 6ECR£'i' CHANNEL DISSENT -- - draft if k ------ --r---- -- 7 ' ' __-- State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 OEPARTM ENT OF STATE Washlneton D C 20520 MEMORANDUM w ns TO SIP - Mr FROM PM - SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL - 1_ _ _ _--- 11 IRELEASE IN FULLI Lord $ lii i § T e Secretary recently agreed to pe rzni t a Pakistani Air Force team to come to the United States to visit an LTV plant which manufactures A-7 aircraft This sudden decision reverses a policy of many months during which the Department has steadfastly rejected approaches both from the Pakistanis and the manufacturer requesting permission for such a visit Our refusals stemmed from the clear policy enounced early last year which stipulated that we would be prepared to consider arms sales to Pakistan but only for defensive weapons The A-7 does not fit that definiti·on I regret this reversal of policy Although the Secretary has only agreed to a plant visit it will not be perceived by many quarters as a very limited action It will have the immediate consequence of forcing us to permit visits by Pakistani teams to other aircraft manufacturers Northrop Fairchild and Douglas who manufacture comparable weapon systems It will be perceived by the Pakistan Government the Congress the Indian Government and the manufacturers as the first step leading to an eventual decision to sell one or 'more of the various aircraft types Based on a cost-benefit analysis the balance sheet would weigh heavily against the decision The potential costs might be a Continued pressure by the Pakistan Government and their supporters for approval of the sale of the aircraft b potential excuse for the Indians to further improve and modernize their forces with Russian equipment It is the UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme t of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 86 ------------------------------ - 00 __ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 -2- military the larly of tensions ith judgment that the Pakistanis cannot achieve parity Indians and that further arms acquisition particuan offensive nature can only lead to increased ·and not the stability that we hope to achieve c Further restrictive legislation by Congress in order to prevent situations of this kind from recurring The legislation under Congressional conside·ration now is already restrictive and burdensome We should not invite further encroachments into Executive Branch legitimate 'spheres of action d Pressure from manufacturers particularly LTV and their supporters for approval of aircraft sale On the benefit side we might say that a this action permits the us to maintain a positive relationship with GOP although when one views the panoply of weapons that we are prepared to provide the Pakistani it would appear that the plant visit cannot be central to maintaining good relationships b The decision may gain support for other Administration initiatives from a small number of Senators who would view the visit sympathetically c If the visit subsequently results in the sale of A-7 LTV will be able to keep its production line in operation and thereby save 15 000 jobs It has been LTV's contention that the sale to Pakistan is essential if its plant is to remain in operation after this year It is this latter benefit which is of particular concern It may be the only justification that nas any pasis in fact It would however be the first instance in my memory at least in which a sale lould be justi'fied primarily on domestic economic grounds If the Administration ever finds itself justifying sales of defense articles d services essentially on domestic economic grounds then I think we can expect a major Congres- sional effort to fully eliminate any flexibility that might be available to the E%ecutive Branch In addition even without the Congressional aspects· i twould be poor foreign policy if arms transfers are to be dictated by domestic economic require ment s DEeru3'%' _- -- -- - --- ---- -- - - - --- _-- --- -- ------ --_ -- - -_ -_ -' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart' l ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLI SSIFIED • • t -- ------------ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 -3- It·seems to me that we must now face the prospect of two further decisions a Preferably we should conclude that the plant visit is the end of this process and that no sale of offensive weapon systems will be considered b Failing to maintain that position because of either domestic or Pakistani pressures we must consider whether we can make a virtue out of necessity Tha Pakistanis are interested in a reprocessing plant We have raised· serious objections to this scheme If we must we should trade authorization for the sale of an offensive aircraft A-7 or A-IO or A-4 for assurances from GOP that it will not pursue the acquisition of a reprocessing plant I am loathe to suggest trading one bad policy for another but it may be that this is the price we will have to pay Such a trade can at least be rationalized 'and might be acceptable to other interested parties such as Congress and India If we are to consider this trade-off then there is some urgency since lAEA will be·reviewing the reprocessing plant sale proposal in the near· future 86 M I I bpw 2 1'- -O--- 7- -6---'x2 3302 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - '- - '--r- -- -- - _ - - - - - - -- _- -- - - - - - '-- - - -- - _- --_ - - - -- - • - _- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart' l_ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431512 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART f ' 86 Nov ll lf976 86 To lHnston Lord SIP ' From IO 1 I Subject Dissent from the Ddpt's Policy on Flexitime I dissent from the Dept's policy of not implementing flexitime Other government agenices incltiding USIA see attachments have implemented it and employees ai ·benefiting from the increased frQedom to choose their working hours The State Department on the other hand has not done anything to implement the autho ity given it by the' Federal Gove'rnment to establish flexible voTking hours There are many bureaus where this would not only enhance working conditions for employees but also incre se the efficiency of the operation In In for example during overseas confeTenccs where time differences make it likely that cables o phone calls will arrive outside our normal h urs or during the UNGA when early morning consultation is necessary 1 before a s ssion st arts itll uld be beneficial toJlave officers £ ' a - ' and or staff on han AOJ a regular or irregular basis At ' present this is done by asking people to work overtime or take comp time off it some later date Flexitime'would enable employees and supervisors to work out agreements that ceitain people would be on hand at 7 30 a m and leave fo the day arly in the afternoon hile ·others could 'ork the lila te shift Similar arrangements could be mad when transportation times or other 2t factors make arrival and departure at other than established hours desirable The Dept's failure to implement flexitime denloes F ii - - ' ' ' - ' j ' f '· ----- - -- -- --- '·--· --7- - ---------- emplo'yees -_0-- --- ___ '''- - r - • _ ' - ' - _ - ••• _ - •••• - - - - - - f' _ _ •• ' _ _ _• '00' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 ' rights granted them by the Federal GoverJlment and which employees in other agencies enjoy I suspect that the Dept's fiilurc 'is partly caused by a lack of interest in enhancing· w rking conditions for mployees and partly'by a subconscious feeling that there is' something unique about the ork 'of the State Dept which makes flexitirne impossib e t handle From my own experience I can state the e 'is nothing so mysterious or s ecial bout our work that e cannot work out flexible hours to the mutual satisfaction and benefit of both emt110yecs an d supervisors You m y wish to obtain fro the Office of financial Services a copy of the instruction which has been prepared for that office in u ing flexitime f' 'j J i i I -- - - ----- -_____ _ __ _ _ ________ _ _ _ -- _ ____ -- ___ i f -- ---r ·--- _a _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446535 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 1 A 6E IN I b IB 8 1 'l'atNi '1 C 1a Departinent of State ' pAGE 91 ACTION SP-o BONN a6S73 91 Of 92 3114534 v • I II r lie A t SECTION 81 OF 02 80NN 86573 - DI SSEHT CHANIlEl E O 12065 GDS D3-31'87 1II0ESSIIER lILLIAn H I OR-n SUBJEGT U S Di5IUFORnATIOH POliCY ON SOUTH LEBAnOIl I CONFIDENT I AL - ENTIRE TEm I 2 THIS IS A DISSEIIT CHAlIIIEL ESSAGE UIIDER THE PROVIS'OHS Of 11 fAn 243 3 IIRITTEN 8Yc J RECOHHEIIDED U itHIBUlIuR lfi ADO r IOU 10 AUlunAIC OISTRIBUfiOri Of DISSEIIT CHAnnEl nESSAGES AS PROVIDED BY S FAn 211 3c IS ·AS fOLLO S PA If OR DtPARTHENT PRESS SPOKES ANI nEA UEAlARU NEAll AI IIEA EGY tA ARP 101UIIP IIIR INR RIIA EltSASSIES AT TEL AVIV BEIRUT OAKASCUS AnNAII AIIO CAIRO AHD USUN 3 USG IHFORHATION POLICY OH SOUTH LEBAIIDII AS REFLECTED IN THE DEPARTHrHT'S PRESS BRmlllG OF HARCH 16 IS DESTRUCTIVE OF WHATEVER CREOIDIL In liE nAY YET HAVE OU IODLE EASf PROSLEHS THE PR£SS SPOKESHAfI'S RESPOIlSES TO QUESTlOIlS COIICERII NG ISRAH I SUPPORT OF REBns IN SOUTH lEBANon LED BY AJDR HADDAD OEFY ACCEPTAnCE BY • ANYOnE IIITH EVEN THE SLIGHtEST KNOII1 EOGE or THE IDDLE •EAST ••• SINCE AT LEAST 1917 THE ISRAELIS HAVE BEEII SUPPl YIlIG TRAINIIlG AriD ASSISTlIIG THE SOUIH LEBANESE REBEU SINCE THE 'ISRAElI INVASIOII OF SOUTH lEBAIIOIl IU ARCH 1978 IHE ISRAELIS HAVE ALnOST fULLY COIHROLLEO iHEH THE REBELS TODAY ARE OEPErlDENT UPOI THE ISRAELIS rOR EAPOIlS Sup· PLIES AMUHITIOII TRAIII IIIG IIIIELLIGEIICE ' FORIIATIOII AND COXHUnlCATfOIlS VITH THE OUTSIOE VORlD HADDAD' HlnSElF IS FREQUENTLY ACCOHPArllEO BY onE OR TlIO ISRAELI ADVISERS· HIS IROOPS ARE TRAIUED IN IIORTHERN ISRAEL THIS SITUATIOn HA$ BEEN nASSIVEl Y OOCUHWTEO FOR THE BENEFIT OF THE OEPARTHENT OVER A PERIOD Of YEARS AND IS CO lllOII KlIolILEOGE IN LESANorl AIIO IN ISRAel TELEGRAM BONN S6573 91 Of 82 311453Z 2538' ADS-BS ES-91 luao ••• •••••••• ·····315U5 91B5HZ 117 R 3114451 HAR 81 F AnEnBASSf Boll TO SECSTAlt VASHOC 5982 INFO DCT-91 INCOMING HAVE REPUTED OUR 'COHDEHIIATION' OF PAlESTllIIAII TERROR IS ' IIIIEH PALESTliilANS Kill OR ATTE PT TO KIll ISRAEL'IS HILE A1 1HE SAME TIME 11£ DEPLORE 1HE VIOLENCE 0 1 BOTH SIDES· IIIIEII·ISRAELIS KILL PAUSTINIANS liINO LEBANESEl 011 POSSIBlE ISRAELI VIOLATIOIlS OF AGREEnENTS UITH THE U S - IIIIleH COULD UNDER THE LAII LEAD TO A CUTOFF OF FURTHER AlIns OELIVERIES TO ISRAEl - VE HAVE SYSTEHATlCPLL Y EVADED CUAR ANSIIERS TO CLEAR QUESTIOHS OVER A PERIOD OF YEARS -liE ARE sTEADFAST IN OUR HYPOCRISY 7 THIS BAnKRUPT UNItED STATES POLICY DEPENDS OBJECTIVELY OH THE PROPOSITIOII THAT PEACE 1 1 THE ItIDDH EAST IS BEST ACHIEVED IUTU ALIA BY InSTRU' nENTAUY FACILITATING AGGRESSIOII 11£ HAY SUCCEED IN DECEIVING OURSElVES BUT IHE ARABS AND PALE5T1tIlAMS - VITHDUI 1III0n PEACE 1$ npOSSIBLE - IIILL HOT SE DECEIVED 8 AT A TlKE IIIIEII THE ISRAEL I GoVERIIHEIIT IS SYSTEnATICALLY SADOTAGIIIG EVEII THt POSSIBILITY OF A fUTURE AUTOIIOllY SOLUTlOII 011 THE IIEST BAHK A U 5 INFOR ATION POL ICY Of HEAR 110 EVIL SEE NO EVIL TOl ARCS ISRAELI IlITERFEREIICE III LUANOII DEFln EVEn TACTICAL RATlOIIAlIZATIOU • 9 NOV IS AN EXCELLEIIT TlHE TO BEGIN TO TElL THE TRUTH AS lIE KNOll IT OK SOUTH LEBAlIoN - 011 HADDAD AND ON ISRAEl'S ROLE III PROPPIIIG Hln UP AUD USING HII1 lET THE CHIPS FALL IIIIERE IHEY HAY THIS VOULD SERVE AlI AUTHENTIC lOIlG'RANGE PEACE PROCESS IT 1I0ULO LEIID SOME SORELY HEEDED CREOIBILm TO THE OEPARTHEUT'S DETERMINATIOn TO AVOID EIITIONING ISRAEL IN COIllIECTlDII IIITH MAJOR HADDAD'S MAD ESCAPADES -IS ROOTED IN A HOARY AlID fATUOUS POSlllOIl OF HA Y YEARS TO VIT THE usq nUST IGIIDRE ISUEL'S STIRRING THE POT IH LEBANOU FOR THE SAKE OF THE PEACE PROCESS' THE THEORY HAS BEEN' AIID PERHAPS STILL 15 • THAT THE PEACE PROCESS REQUIRES THAT THE WITEO SlATES PROVIDE ISRAEL IIITH lASSIVE ARHAnEllTS TO ASSURE ISRAEl OF OUR CONTINUED OEVOllOII AND 10 GIVE IT SUFFICIErlT ·COIIFlDE CE TO I A E COIlCESSIOIIS IT APPAREllTI Y HAS HATTERED lITTLE THAT THE VEAPOIlS lOR OTHER IIEAPOll5 IIlfICH THEY REPLACE ARE USED TO DELIBERATELY IIRtAK HAVOC III LEBAIIOII DIRECTlY CONTRARY TO PROfESSED U S POL ICY TOVARDS LE8A IOII $ 6 OUR SILENCE ON HADDAD'S RUE ROLE IS CONSISTENT VIlH U S PUBL Ie IHFORMATION POLICIES ON OTHER QUESTIOUS • ISRAELI-PALESTINIAU FIGHTING AIID DIRECT USE OF US-SUPPliED IlEAPOIlS III COIITRAUErlTlON or THE URns or US ISRAELI GREE ENT5 IIITHIN RECEIIT Vt£HS liE 6SNFIBENTIAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476310 Date 01 11 2018 INC'OMING CONF ' DENT IAL Depaj·t1nent oj' State BONN 'INFO OCT-Ol 06573 ADS-OO 02 Of ES-Ol O lELEGRAM 311451Z 2566 1004 W o10 4 4 4 Z ------------------345507 115 R 3 11445 Z MAR 8 1 FM AMEMBASSY BONN TO SECSTATE WASHOC 5983 CON FlO E N T I A L SECTION 02 Of 02 BONN 06573 I DISSENT CHANNEL OUR PROfESSED SUPPORT O F THE TERRITOR IAL INTE-GRITY' OF LEBANON AND IT WOULD BE HONEST WOESSNER ' CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De'partment of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No C064763'10 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE W shlnitan D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 February 15 1978 OFFICIAL INFORMAL SECRET Economic Commercial Section American Embassy Jidda 0 'ji 86 DearLI___________ i Thank you for your patience in awaiting the outcome of ·the Administration f s review of its t errorism policy which was completed last month In participating in this study over the past year we found your dissent message helpful and a number of the points you raised were considered during the Administration1s review For the 'most part the principles we've been operating under were reaffirmed by-the Special Coordinating Committee On the question of ransom Secretary Vance stated January 23 -1978 in his Congressional testi mony on terrorism that we have made clear to all that we will reject terrorist blackmail we have clearly and repeatedly stated our intention to' reject demands for ransom or Eor the release of prisoners The question 'of US military capability to stage rescue operations was reviewed by the Special Coordinating Committee of the National Security -Council and concerned agency heads are taking the appropriate steps to reassure themselves of this capability I '1 On the question of retribution against terrorists we do believe that prosecution is an indispensable element in anti-terrorist efforts but should naturally be carried out through established judicial channels SECRET GDS - - - - - - ----------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417040 Date 10 11 2017 ' i -iJ i i ' - 1 r t ·tt CO 641 704 O IED U S Department of State SECRET -2- The United States is presently working to form a group of concerned governments which will seek out and urge more countries to ratify existing anti hijacking conventions which provide for the punishment or extradition of nijackers These conventions ext end prosecutional jurisdiction to countries in which a plane has been hijacked or in which a hijacked plane has ended its flight s in the past we will continue to press involved governments to fulfill their obligations to bring terrorists to justice I am enclosing a copy of the Secretary's recent testimony on terrorism He has taken a strong interest in developing an effective policy to 'deal with terrorism 1 I l appreciate the opportunity to d l SCUSs your ideas with you Thank 'you for using the Dissent Channel I Sincerely - ' f Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure - Copy'of the Secretary's Testimony on Terrorism ___' _ _ ____ __________________SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417040 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431963 Date 11 13 2017 77 STAT E i _ 6966 ' ------ - - u p - - SEeRE'f SESiHl'P PA E 01 STATE 269660 ORIG-IN EUR-12 INFO OCT- l ISO-30 55-15 SY-35 MeT-0 AF-10 ARA-le EA-10 NEA-10 1-01 PER-01 OPR-02 OG- 6 CCO-00 SCSw03 EB-08 CA-01 10-13 CIAE-B0 INR-07 NSAE-Z0 DODE- usss-aa SSO- 0 NSCE-00 USIE-e0 INRE-Be 115 R DRAFTED EY EUa CE WMWOESSKER EM APPROVED BY D - MR CHRISTOPHEREUR JE iOODBY A SY VDIKEOS M CT J ARKASHIAN EUR p VI J EERON M BREAD ------------·------Z62 56 o 110333Z 64 1 U 159Z tlOV 77 F SECSTATE WASRDC TO ALL DIPLO'MATIC AND CONSUL R POSTS IMME DH TE 5 E e ft E STATE 269660 ltiFORM COI SULS E O 11652 JDS TAJS ASEC PINS SUP-JECT PLANNED ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA REF STATE 266580 1 THE FRG 30VERNMENT TODAY ISSUED THE FOLLOWING 5TArEMENT BEEN TEX'r · UITE RECENT1f THREATS TO ATTACK GERMAN PASSENJER AIRtRAFT HAVE ECOP NOWR INDEPENDENTLY OF TffE FACTUAL BAC aROUND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAKES TKESE THRE TS SERIOUSLY AS IT HAS ALL REPORTS OF DAN ER sBSaE SECRR PA 7E 02 TATE 269660 OF RECENT DArS THE FEDERAL GOVERN ENT R S UNDERTAKEN COMPREffENSIVE EFFECTIVE SECURITY ME SURES IN ORDER TO PREVENT TERR RIST ATTACK AGAI ST G-EaMAN AIRCRAFT IN THIS RE ARD IT HAS NOT RESTRICTED ITSELF -TO MEA URES WITHIR IT5 BORDER ALONG WITH THE PRECAUTIJNS THAi EVERYONE CA RECOGNIZE ENERGETIC ADDITIO AL EASU ES WERE FFECTED UNDERSTANDIN FOR THESE FRECAUTIJNARY MEASURES IE ASK O OF CITIZENS t A D ESPECIlLLY OF FLIGHT PlSSEN ER5 WHOSE ECORITY TEESE MEASURES ARE PRIMARILY INTENDED TO SERVE END TEXT 2 POSTS SHOULD TaKE NOTE OF THIS STATEME T A D BE GUIDED y IT IN CONSIDERING DISCRETIONARY TRAVEL BY LOFTHA SA · H BIB - SECRE'f PAG-E 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431963 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 l IRELEASE IN IPART 86 • I J ' S o ' •• e e'PiF IDE NTIA·b - _-w---·- - -_--------- -t ------- ------ ------------------ - C-O ' ------ 7 -r-··------- 1f S P RFEINBER'G RYM If lf179 rX2D82 _u_ _ _ _ _ _t SIP Al AKE _ Ow SIP GFOX OJ I L J 11 - a A S P ONl Y • ______ • II I - f -J - t ' - • • v# _ iDISSENT CHANNEL 1 - t _ _ _ _ _ _ • - ·E O '20bS i s' • • c _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ ' C l'E A R J -I C E • - _ _ - c _ L · I _ _ ' L rr-ROM'''S P ANTHONY 'LAKE ' 4 4 85 lAKE ANrHCNY - · M' 4_ •• _ 'L ' SUBJECT ROLE OF THE AFL C O IN CH CLEAN LABOR AFFAIRS I I REF SANTIAGO 389 ' C - ENTIRE TEXT fIRST I WOULD lIKE AGAIN TO COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL IN ACCORDANCE WITH YOUR EXPRESS WISHES AND STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION PROCEDURtS YOUR MESSAGE WAS CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS tTHE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS 'AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR HUM N RIGHTS AND HUMANITA IAN AFFAIRS S WELL AS TO SIll I t ti· • ' ' _ _ f TAGS ELAB tI I _ • - - ---------------- _ t A I - t ' - ·· z • _ t JROUTINE • ''''--cr - 'IIM g ''''' ·ARA YPVAKV P FVARGAS R I- r C E S t _ r S IL DGOODE - • - 'IIoo #'-e H 2 THROUGHOUT THE RECENT AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN LABOR POLITICS THE USG HAS TAKEN THE POSITION THAT THE AFL-CIO IS A PRIVATE INDEPENDENT ORGANIZATION AND THAT THE USG WOULD NOT SEEK TO INTERFERE ONE WAY OR THE OTHER IN ITS POLICIES TOWARD CHILE WE HAYE ADHERED TO THIS STANCE EVEN IN THE FACE OF THE THREATENED BOYCOTT OF CHILEAN TRADE DESPITE THE POTENTIAL ADVERSE FALLOUT SUCH A BOVCOTT MIGHT HAVE ON THE CREDIBILITY OF OUR MORE GENERAt-POSTURE OF OPPOSITION TO ECONOMIC BOYCOTTS t GF f -- 1 vfRl DG f f · E P • ---_- p 1_------------------------------c- t _ -' I - '------1 -_ - -_ ----------- _ _----- --- - - - _ - - - --- ------- --- - 18 -101 U'NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F·2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 7 - OPIl0' QL FOi'l ' t85·A IOC Forme'I ' OS·322-1 O R OUTGOING TElEG RAM Of '- 1 '1 Stall' • J - CONFIDENU L Ci ••• - ' - Co I2 ' W 4 ••• ' _ J wt J ' -o - 'J • _ • • • •- _ _ 3 WE DO OF COURSE CONFER REGULARLY WITH THE AFL CIO ON ISSUES OF COMMON CONCERN IN THIS SPIRIT THE DEPARTMENT CAN OFFER OUR ANALYSES OF HOW PARTICULAR ACTIONS F THE AFL-CIO IS CONSIDERING MIGHT BE PERCEIVED IN A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR SETTING IN THIS VEIN HE EMBASSY SUGGESTED THAT THE AfL-CIO OUGHT TO MAINTAIN ITS INTEREST J AND INVOLVEMENT IN CHILE AND ITS SUPPORT FOR DEMOCRATIC f LABOR LEADERS BUT SHOULD AVOID BECOMING ENMESHED IN THE t DEBATE OVER PARTICULAR ISSUES REFTEl t WE PERCEI E A NU MBER Of PITfALLS SOME OF WHICH THE · EMBASSY MENTIONED IN REf TEL TO AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN i NEGOTIATIONS REGARDING THE DETAILS Of CHILEAN LABOR LAW If· · -- TO THE EXTENT THAT THE AFL-CIO IS PERCEIVED AS GIVING ITS BUENA VISTA UNDERLINE TO SPECIfIC GOC REFORMS IT · WILL BE OPEN TO THE ACCUSATION Of HAVING ACCOMMODATED ITSELf TO THE DICTATORSHIP -- IF CHILEAN LABOR BECOMES EXCESSIVELY DEPENDENT UPON AFL-CIO SUPPORT AND GUIDA CE IT MAY FAIL TO DEVELOP ITS OWN INTERNAL STRENGTH AND JUDGMENT r -- THE INTERNAC POLITICS WITHIN THE CHILEAN LABOR t MENT M VE­ ARE COMPLEX AND DIfFERENT GROUPS' WILL ATTEMPT TO THE AFL-CIO fOR THEIR OWN NTERESTl IN WAYS THAT THE AfL-CIO MIGHT NOT BE ABLE TO CONTROL OR fORESEE • · - I f r f ii l USE · t· -- WHILE ONE CAN APPREUATE THE DESIRE Of D MOCRATIC S RW SV I I E O T X S A N_ -I f VOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN POtITICS 1' 1 l --- ' • HIGHLY VISIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF US LABOR WITH PARTICULAR CHILEAN LABOR GROUPINGS MAY BE DETRIMENTAL IN THE LONG RUN TO THE INTERESTS OF THOSE VERY GROUPINGS WE MOST f SYMPATHIZE WITH I S· THESE OBSERVATIONS WARN AGAINST A HIGHLY VISIBLE AND DAILY INVOLVEMENT BY THE AfL-CIO BUT 'CERTAINLY SHOULD NOT BE MISREAD TO SUGGEST A TOTAL DISENGAGEMENT THE GOC IS CLEARLY WORRIED ABOUT AfL-CIO REPRISALS SHOULD THE GOC FAIL TO MEET ITS MINIMAL DEMANDS THUS PROVIDING CHILEAN LABOR WITH VERY USEFUL LEVERAGE IN IT'S STRUGGLE WITH THE GOC THIS THREAT CAN BE MAINTAINED WITHOUT DAILY VISIBLE AfL-CIO ACTIVITY IN CHILE - b· WE STRONGLY CONCUR WITH YOUR IDENTIFICATION OF UNION FREEDOMS AS BEING AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS I r • L------------------- -- 501852 ' ------ -------------- - ----------------------------- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 I ' I OPHO fOnM 185· 1 10' ' Fo me·I · OS·S 2· IO r OUTGOING TELeGRAM • Dp 'I I ' 0' S I 1- - -- __ ' -_ _ - ' - ' - - - - _ f ONFIt Nm ' 13 WE DO OF 'COURSE CONFER REGULARLY WITH THE AFL CIO ON ISSUES OF COMMON CONCERN IN THIS SPIRIT THE DEPARTf MENT CAN OFFER OUR ANALYSES Of HOW PARTICULAR ACTIONS t THE AFL-CIO IS CONSIDERING MIGHT BE PERCEIVED IN A PARTICULAR COUNTRY OR SETTING IN THIS VEIN THE EMBASSY SUGGESTED THAT THE AFL-CIO OUGHT TO MAINTAIN ITS INTEREST AND INVOLVEMENT IN CHILE AND ITS SUPPORT FOR ·DEMOCRATIC 1 lABOR lEADERS BUT SHOULD AVOID BECOMING ENMESHED ·IN THE t DEBATE OVER PA TICULAR ISSUES REPTEl r Li WE PERCEIVE A NUMBER OF' PITFALLS SOME OF W'HICH THE EMBASSY MENTIONED IN REFTEL TO AFL-CIO INVOLVEMENT IN NEGOTIATIONS REGARDING THE DETA'ILS OF CHILEAN LABOR lAW i L f f ' K· i'f I -- TO THE EXTENT THAT THE APl-CIO IS PERCEIVED AS GIVING ITS BUENA VISTA UNDERLINE TO SPECIFIC GOC REFORMS IT WILL BE OPEN TO THE ACCUSATION OF HAVING ACCOMMODATED ITSELF TO THE DICTATORSHIP r t I -- IF CHILEAN LABOR BECOMES EXCESSIVELY DEPENDENT UPON AFL-CIO SUPPORT AND GUIDA CE IT MAY FAIL TO DEVELOP ITS OWN INTERNAL STRENGTH AND JUDGMENT l 1 -- THE INTERNAC POLITICS WITHIN THE CHILEAN LABOR M OVE- r MENT ARE COMPLEX AND DIFFERENT GROUPS' WILL ATTEMPT TO fUSE THE AFL-CIO FOR THEIR OWN NTE ESTI IN WAYS THAT THE f AFL-CIO M GHT NOT BE ABLE TO CONTROL OR FORESEE o· ' JI FORCES -- WHILETO NEMUSTER CAN APPREUATE THE DESIRE OF DE M06 ATIC US ACTIVISM CONSISTENT WITH OUR HUMAN i -- HIGHLYLABOR VISIBLE INVOLVEMENT OF US LABOR WITH PARTICULAR GROUPINGS MAY BE DETRIMENTAL IN THE LONG CHILE N I RUN t ' j RIGHTS POSTURE blE VERY MUCH blANT TO AVOID EXCESSIVE IN VOLVEMENT IN CHILEAN potnICS ' TO THE INTERESTS Of THOSE VERY GROUPINGS WE MOST f SYMPATHIZE WITH 'S THESE OBSERVATIONS blA N AGAINST A HIGHLV VISIBLE AN I DAILY INVOLVEMENT BY THE AfL-CIO BUT 'CERTAINLY SHOULD NOT BE MISREAD TO SUGGEST A TOTAL DISENGAGEMENi THE GOC IS CLEARLY WORRIED ABOUT AFL-CIO REPRISALS SHOULD THE GOCFAIL TO MEET ITS MINIMAL DEMANDS THUS PROVIDING CHILEAN LABOR WITH V RY USEFUL LEVERAGE IN IT'S STRUGGLE WITH THE GOC THIS THREAT CAN BE MAINTAINED WITHOUT DAILY VISIBLE AFL-CIO ACTIVITY IN CHILE I b WE STRONGLY CONCUR WITH YOUR IDENTIFICkTION Of UNION fREEDOMS AS BEING AN IMPORTANT COMPONENT OF HUMAN RIGHTS i I I I f La· - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ l'Qj·OmN FJ £ ltf tJ ll HJJ _ ' -- -1 5C16S·20' - --- -------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 t· ' - OPTlONI' L FORM 16 ·1 IOCn 110·7 ' Formerl ' OS·322·' OCI ' CaDi of SI e OUTGOING TElEGRAM L 'fGNFliENTIAL X l • t ' _ _ _ __ • • ' • ' J - t f lr - -- • f' 4 I f I· b I HOPE THESE COMM'ENTS ARE RESPONSIVE TO YOUR CONCERNS YOU AGAIU FOR SHARING YOUR VEIWS WITH US YY THANK r _ - ' f t I f • I t ' f I L' r · ' ' f 'r f ' r • ·· I r ' 'loa I' • r •• t· I t -' - j I t · '- •• I I ' i • 1 I t t L ______________________________ _ - 'n 'THAT VIEid' WE···'AGRE '-IN· PRIN C'IPLE -wiTH -A·f'L Acio · ACTIVITIES THAT SEEK THE RAPID RESTORATION OF A FREE AND DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNION MOVEMENT IN CHILE WE DETECT NO DISAGREEMENT REGARDING ULTIMATE OBJECTIVES AND IF T HE DEPARTMENT PERCEIVES PROBLEMS WITH' CERTAIN TACTICS' THE AfL-eIO ITSELf WILL ULTIMATELY HAVE TO DECIDE WHICH POLICIES IT PR FERS TO fOLLOW £e N F EJ E N T IA L --J ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ a _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 50185·201 - - _- - - -_ - - -- __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445880 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 'SECRET DCjJartlnei1 · f' Stat t· - D9161 01 OF OJ c J ISMS IIILi 6£ AVAILABLE nOli GC lIE lIIH Vrlon COIISUI TEO CI om Y 'TO CtlPHASJI IT IS THE AeS£HCE or ANY APPAREllr tUCullvr saMleH RmSTAlICC 10 IHIS L£GltUTIOH 10 IIIIICH R£SP£CTruu Y ·0155 111S · H S £S·DI sue·DD 100 I c J 14 R OSl40U nov 83 HI AI1EHB4SSY AMAH TO srCSTATf VA HOC 6711 e C T SECT Oil el 0 03 AHMA 09761 I7l 6 tAGS SUBJECT I AiT IliA t IO Sf JO HRUIi AIIOII t AID PROGRAII III SYRIA EHTIRE TEXT BY THIS N£SSAGf EXPRESSES HIS COIICE911 IHAT pRoposeD AIID ArPAREI lty I I I IIT U S IEGISIATIOI COr CERIIING filE rRlt PROGP r lilt IF CI'ACfEO REQUI9E TII4T AIC OISA'IOW F IRH cor r rrr WTS AIIO OCllGATIOIIS 10 THE 51'RI H ARAB REPUollC GOVCRHIIWI ISARG MID urlOER FIiIAIIClQI IrISIPU IIT TO CO IT AC10P ' PRrOATlIlIl THE EIIACIM£I11 or SOCII l£ I IAIIOII tOCll ACTlDI'S er AID 1I1l1 1 1 'D f HAPS • LIT I GAll 0 1 rROII THr t RG 1I010R COIHR ClORS III TH AID· AlIO THE U S OVCRllr E T roO ep OAoLl • LErr 11 A pom 10H OF VUlH AA91111l' M O E lBA RA S EtII S G REACTI Oil COULD POTEHT I All Y U elva I cu·pnYNEIIl 0 p tYIOUSlV OISBunSEO AID LOAH SAIAItCE rURTHER UIIIIATERAL CANCEllATlOII OF rrR rllIAI AI UIIO£RUKIIIG VIII SERVE AS A HOST UIIUE IRACI PIiEC£OEHT IlH RE F cr TO AIO'S PROGIIAIIS AHti PERII OTKiR SG ftCTlYlIlES ORIOVIOE All ADDITIONAL CO SIO£F 1I01l IS 'AT 011 P POI ITICAI L I'El SUCH LEGI LATIO I CAli OIlLY BE SEEII BY THE SARG 5 KARolK I OEEO D ACO rIAN sPECIAII Y AS IT VOUlO ReOVIRE DENIAL TO 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TICS 1 £ conTRACTORS yET THE LEGISlATlOII Uln RE UIRr AIO TO TERIIIIIU SUCK COH ITHWI HOR SF Cr IC 'll Y THE PR08lrtl'l S THAT AID IS rUIIDIH • OUI IS 1I0T A PARTY TO A II naEP or COI TRACH BrJ I£EII TH SARG AIIO u s rlRM' AID HAS HO RIGHTS WIDER IHOSE COIIIRACT TO ISSUE 'STOP VORK' OR I£RHIHA110II ORorRS SUCq CAlI COHE DilL ' rROII THE SAR 011 THE omR HAllO AIO F 'AI CIER or IHE COIITRACT$ HAS I SSUED lEITeRS or COlllll1l1£HI G CO I TO THC U S conTRACTORS JH SE Oil IH lA rACE ARE STAI O 'TO BE • ·GU RA TI s· Dr THE u s j OVERHIIEHT THAT If THt COIITRACTOFS PERFORM 1 1 AcconOMlct ITH THt IEPons Oi TH eOl TR m rHey IIllL GE PAID Bi' UO cuuT DOlS 18 HlllIO l REHQIHS UIIOI OUR tD t'1I0ER THE t l CoM DESPITE THBE LltOM GUARAllil THE ltGI IAIIOII VItL REOUIRE TII41 SOH KOU AID IIEGOTII T Allo'SETTle OEr DD'Lll 1I0n I lERM 4II0l COSI IIITH TIIESE CC IIR cron III OOIT on am O S SAKI IS HOI O'IIIG All AIO LCnrr or COIlllI1H lT 011 OISSENT CHANlln E O TELEGRAM S Gl oallOlZ ·················-112114 Damn E INCOMING OJ II r Stl- I4fJD Jf II tu 8J 0 SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 ttlltt 1 INCOMING Departnlent o f State 29161 02 OF 83 eSI4sSi TELEGRAM 9D21 FOP TH USG Te TERHIN TE THE R I1 INING IN m ID PIPEliNE AT 1HIS TlHi VDUlD SEEn CLEARL Y ANT AGONI STI C TO THE SARG AND 'OUNTER'PRODUCT IVE POLITICALlY EVEN If DONE IN THE llKITED nAHilER PERII TTED UNDER TH PROJECT AGREtI1E11rS I E so AS TO AFFECT rUTURE COHMIII1EHTS OIlL Y FOR TH£ us TO GO SEYOHO THIS AND TO em lin TO HOUOR PIiIOP cor 1ITI1'HTS AS OUTlIHto A60VE VOULO S£ 11 A CLEAR INVIIUION TO IIITWSIF lED SARG HOSTIL ITY liKELY 10 lUT FOR YEARS BE ACCOHPL ISNtO 'SAL HC S COPY'OI ADS·SO ES'Sl ISDI I _··_··············172138 BS1BIIZ 112 R B8UBH NOV 83 Fn AHEnBASSY AI1MN TO SECSTATt VASKDC 6172 INFO OCT·Sl 5 E eRE T 'SECT I ON 92 OF SJ AMA 8S76 DISSENT HANNEl Eo o I2H5 NIA TAGS EAID SY JO SUBJECT T£RHltiATIDII OF AID PROGRAM IN SYRIA THE STRENGTH OF VHlCn TN SANK HAS ISSUED AH IRREVOCABLE lETTER OF CREOIT UNIL TtRAL TfRMIIIATlOJl BY AID or SUCH LIC VQULO SEEM HGPlL Y In OSSIBL AND C p ETn Y DT DOCS l1I COMnE ClAL GAI KlliG PRAtTl • YET APP tl 1L Y REQUIRED BY THE lEGISLArION FIIIAtLY on OF THESE FI AHCIAI INSTRUI1EHTS HAVE GEEN PLEDGED BY THEIR HOLOEIiS THE CONTRACTORS AS SECURI n' roP LOANS YET UNDER THE ltGISLATIOi THE VAlur OF THE SrcORITY THE INSTRUHENT IIOULO at DE5T OYEO or SIGUIFIC NTLY ltts II O MAJOR ROU IDS OF DIFII CUL T li uOT I TlCI S AI D PR06ABI Y LEGAt PROBLtMS • All or VUICH nHD nOT BE SPELltD OUT IN THIS CA • ti E In SIGHT ro AID l EGqL PROSL HS vlTM TH SARG FO TH U S GOVERn' I1Wi TO 'GOIIH ItRNIU C t AUO O£M06IL 12'11011 0 I ' iS TO UHIC IH SArG nOT IO IS HE GIHrr PAF H PliO W £ht r H S lD- SUCH P I HIS HI Ti PROJ 'CT p GR n IIT 01 CO IlR CH VI L e TO PUT TH USC IN A IFF ICUI T IID lilll IiD lEG t POSIT 1011 SHOUlO IHE SARG CH LLE G SUtK ACTlO ftfOR FOR EXAHPLE TIi I TEP · J TlO L CCURT OF JLISi'CE COKPOUIIOIUG lH IJSG'S POTENTIAL OIFFICULTIES Vlll e A lEGISLATIVt REQUIREHENT THAT O OISBU SfMEHT TO THE SA G ITSELF· AS OPPOSED TO lERltl TlOn OISBUP HM NH TO tOIlTRACTOi S • TAH PL t' • AFTE THE OAr or T E lEGISlATIO THIS VIlI MEAn THAT AID IIHL H V TO'O CLlII TO RE IxeURsE IHt sAR CLOSE TO DOLS SO HILt ION IU OTHE IIISE El IOISlE COSTS R PRES Jjr'IIIG FUNDS ALREADY SPEnT er THt SARG FROM ITS OVII RESOURCES DN THE STREHGTH or THt CO 11I1ENT5 6Y AID IIITHE-RELEVAIIT • PROJECT AGRtEroEIITS TMPT AID IiO lD IIAKE SUtH REIIISURs£nENT THE SOLE RUSON FOR NON-PArtiE IT OF THQS£ COSTS 1i0ULD BE THAT PRIOR TO THE SARG'S ARRIVING AT THE POIUT or BilLING AID FO TNEII IN THE DUE COURSE or SUSIN£ S U S LEGISLATION INTERVEIIED IT DOES NOT SEEM TOO STROIIG TO STATE THAT A REFUSAL 0 THE USC TO HOHOR Arl UNOUAllrlED FINANCIAL O HITM HT TO R COGNI2ED SOVEREIGH GOVERN £Hl ftAY BE HISTORICAllY UITROUT PR£CEOENT ALSO IT IS HARDLY IUCO C£IVABLE THAT THE SARG VIU ASSERT THAT SUCN ACTION 8Y THE USG BEING OUTSIDE THE SCOPE or THE LOAN AGREEMENTS AND FRUSTRATING CHIEvEIIENT OF THEIR eJt' Tlvts RELIH£ THE SARG OF PHY OBliGATION TO REPAY THE PREVIOUSLY DISBURsEO' 6ALANCES 0 THOSE lOANS A TOTAl or AeOUT OOLS 121 MilL IOn SUCH ASSERTlOII BY THE SARG AND lOR COllllrlUED SARG OEIIANDS TOR PAYMENTS or THE DOL san VIU LlKElV PROVE MAJOR LEGAL IRRITANTS IN FUTURe USG SARG REt ATI ONS 6 POLITICAL COHSIDERA710NS OTHERS oeVIOUSIY CAlI SPEAK all THI$ B£TTER THAIlc J AND POLITIC L FACTORS ARE NOr THC AIN THRUST OF THIS DISSENT CABLE IT VOULO SECH BASIC ROIlEVER THAT VHATEVER THE UNDERSTANDA8LE ' ANGER AIIO RESENTHENT IN THC USG TOIIARD THE SYRIANS OVER LESANeN AND OTHE9111 SE T lA UL TIHATE COOPERU I01 III THE AREA REIIAIHS CRITICAL Ir PEACEFUL SETTlEnEN'rs ARE TO • I - - - - _ T PR£ rOEHT TO PE ·tET BY SUCH LEGISLATIOn THIS H ADING'IIEEDS LITTU LUOUTIOK BUT SHalILD e A CAUSE roo SIGHIFICAilT COIICUI IU VASHINGTOIl IHTERIlATlO iAL AGaHII HTS IF THEY CANNOT PROPERLY Bf VIEIIEO AS WIDING IN ACCOROAIICE VITH THEIR SlATED TtRMS BEtC C GREATLY DlnllllsHtD VA U£ AS OOES THE REPUTATIO OF Toil HAlIOII DECL INING 10 HONOR THEil ON AN ECONOHIC ASSISTANCE LEV£l THE EFFECT Ol'TlI O BC' 0 T S mOTlO Cbn 'Nt eAIJSE OTH R GOV RUKEIITS AID unCE COl TRACTORS AND THOH ISUCH AS BANKSI RELYIIIG on P I rIN IICIAl IIISTRUr EIITS TO DUESlIOIl SEnIOUSlV TN IllTEGRITY AID'S IINO£RTAY IHGS • AN ALHOST UIlTEIlAElE POSTURE FOR All INTERNATIONAL DONOR TO B IH 0 S C iNCLU IOil c J mcrrULl Y URGES STROIIG EXECUTIVE ERAliCH EHOR TO O EQT SUtH lEGISLAtiON AI roINlr U HVW TKE Ir PORUIlCE HO P ESPECT Tf t US6 Has'1RADllIOn L Y UHCri O T ltOUORIII IIIHRUATlOI At AGREEHWTS AIIO TO AVOI HAJO PDT UilAL lEG L 'DNn ICTS B6 B6 _ h ' _ _____ •• _ • ___ • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0647 6879 Date 01 11 2018 - -------------- -------------------- S C RET D q li-f ni nt of· PAGE· 01 ACT I O'N SP- 02 INFO AMMAN OCT-Ol 09761 03 Of '03 INCOMING Slat e TELEGRAM 0814112 9048 COPY-OJ ADS-do ES-OI 005 Vi - - - - - _ •• - - ' - _ - -172246 082015 Z 17 2 R O'81401Z NOV 83 fM AMEMB SSY AMMAN TO SECSTATE WASHOe 6773 5 E e R T SECTION 03 Of 03 AMMAN 09761 oI S S EIH E O CHAI NE l 12356 N A TAG S SUBJECT AiD SY JO TERI 11 N o 'T 0 1-1 Of AID PROGRAM IN SYRIA IV I TH TilE 5 ARG AND 0 R AF FE CT£ D CON TRAe TOR S THE lEG I S·l AT ION SHOULD BE MODIFIED 50 THAT HRMUJATIOfl ACTION 'IOUlD O-E TAKEN ONLY JO THE EXtENT PERMITTED UNDER T E RELEVANT AGP EE ENT5 HD fiN ANCI AliN 5 TRUM ENT'S I N ADD I T ION £ VEN SUCH MODIFIED LEGISLATION SHOULD BE CAREFULLY RECO·NSIDERED IN TERMS Of ITS POTENTIAL LIKElY IMPACT ON USG SAR'G RElATIONS 'AND OUR OBJECTIVES IN THE AREA 9 PLEA SEPA SS DAM ASCU5 fOR A' 'B PAGAfoi ELL I' OIH Y• V lETS ECR t - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476879 Date 01 11 2018 co 641697 2 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416972 Date 10 11 2017 - J U ij U J J U 'j' L L U U 1 U U lJ J ' 1 ' J 'I U U lJ Lf' r QUTGOING TELEGRAM OPT 'ONAl FUAM 185 OCRl 110 7 H fo'm rt'f'O J2 iU RI r' _ - D p' or J' ___ • RELEASE IN PART I ' L - _ _ __ _ LIMITE-D OFfICIAL -J' • r __________ -- '0 _ • _ I M - _ '0 _ _ _ • _ - _ 86 - _ _ _ _ _ _ 1· __ __ _ TG - _ _ L ' G ust Il ll l l ' CIAl CI1Ai CE - - - ' _ I - ' S P 1ACASEY 7 28 77 X2971 b· 'APPROV'E ' SIP TLAKE I PERiPE 1 PER G I ' SIP SIP I I I SIP 'MilY I ' ' § ROUTINE ' ' ' ' c I - lNOEL - CKINGSLEY -NNBOYER ' E - RJHARRINGTON A liON MELBOURNE 1' p J i - 0 1' 1 -' '- 0 OOi' Si -- - I P'DISSENT- CHANNEL j J' _ E O 11652 J N A TAGS ELAB AS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE 197b LABOR REPORT FOR AUSTRALIA R EF FORI MELBOURNE 1270 I FROM 5 lAKE - SIP I AM SORRY y6UR REFTEL WAS NOT ANSWERED SOONER BE USE OF ADMINISTRATIVE RRROR PER PE IS THE APPROPRIATE OFFICE TO nEAL ITH REGARDING YOUR OER WE UNDERSTAND YOU ARE IN TOUCH WITH THEM AND WE HAVE GIVEN THEM A COpy OF REf TEL· WE WILL REMAIN IN TOUCH WITH PER ON THE MATTER WITH RESPECT TO OOlUDING COPIES OF DISSENT MESSAGES IN YOUR PERSONNEL fILE PER A»VISES THAT ONLY EVALUATIVE MATERIAL CAN BE ACCEPTED Y 7 8 6 5 3 2 o lIMITED OFFICIAL USE II C LA SS IF IC AT 'O N I 50185101 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416972 Date 10 11 2017 86 -_ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431356 Date 11 13 2017 1 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED 9FfICIAL USE S P JAARZT BDM EXT 29716 6-22-76 P JAARZT S P-OfP PJLYDON DRAFT SIP ONLY ROUTINE TEGUCIGALPA DISSENT CHANNEL 'FORI I ONLY 86 E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REf AIRGRAM A-22 DATED MARCH 29 1976 1 THIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT AIR GRAM ON JUNE 17 1976 MR • JEfFREY GARTEN OF HE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE' OFfICES Of THE 'SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR Of THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf AND THE CHAIRPERSON Of THE OPEN FORUM PANEL WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSE T CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED y LIMITED OFFICIAL L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ------_ USE ---- - --­ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431356 Date 11 13 2017 Ori9inol to be Filed In PRIORITY Oecentrolir ed· Files FILE DESIGNATION A-I031S UNCLASSIFIED 'U NOLIN' INOIC TOA NO All American Diplomatic and Consular Posts AID UJ RELEASE IN FULL Itt T - Ocr·' £ It 11·AM t1l I OC OM I IHT NAVY OSO etA FR 1 e T AA T A x -e I AIR ARMY I ISlA HSA I FROM Department of State SUBJECT CONGRESSIONAL TRAVEL DATE REF D __ __ he following instructions supersede the 1966 Handbook for Congressional Travel Upon receipt of this instruction all copies of the Handbook should be destroyed SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION All future CODEL messages will refer to this airgram • H IJ I Introduction IE Burke 20 extra copies POST R' UTI 'r TO ' A clion Info PO Initial The Department of State welcomes visits abroad by Congressional delegations and individual Members of Congress Such trips enable them to observe major developments in the world and to see at first hand the work of U S Officials responsible for carrying out American objectives and programs • Service to traveling Congressional delegations and Members of Congress is a major responsibility of all Missions Each Mission should extend full courtesy as well as provide information on the country help in arranging meetings with foreign' officials and any other desired assistance within its capa ility DC POL ECON CONS ADM i AID II pre- eparture US IS Briefings r-U_E -Action Taken ' The Depar·tment makes every effort to provide country briefings for Congressional delegations CODELS prior to their departure In some cases as appropriate USIA and or other agencies may pr ovide briefings in conjunction with the Department or separately If UNCLASSIFIED FOI' pepartment u•• Onlr III 0 In Out Droit a by J' £ d ' 1 1 f 1 _ ID othnQ DOl rjP on • l' o le ont nl and Clonificalion pprov d b' J d II r B 1 -ke ELKrizek pjl - 110 -11 72 21882 I H - David M Abshire Clo oncoa V HJ DRAFT A7BF IH'tj1urray A LOwens BF FS Mhines OC7P JSagona AID OLA TGillilland USIA IGC CL GMurchie 1 ol 1 tliol FORM I 10 640S-323 dA UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 ' A-I031S UNCLASSIFIED ' ' 2 Briefings are normally arranged through the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Congressional Relations H AID briefings are normally arranged through the AID Office of Legislative Affairs OLA USIA briefings are arrange thro gh its Congressional Liaison Of f qe Clearances Clearance with the Department's Office of Congressional Relations H is required on every communicat on sent to the field concerning the schedules or desires of a Congressional delegation This clearance is required in order to provide 'control and coordination of Congressional travel even though other offices may have primary responsibility for the actual travel of the CODEL T'he Bureau of Administration A is responsible for the travel of the Appropriations Committees Clearance from the appropriate geographic bureau is also required on the initial telegram and subsequent telegrams of a substantive nature AID communications regarding Congressional Travel are cleared with the Office of Legislative Affairs OLA as well as with appropriate AID geographic bureaus Information copies of AID CODEL messages are supplied to H USIA will send to the Department's Office of Congressional Relations H information copies of any messages relating to a CODEL it may send to its USIS posts but prior clearance with the Department is required only when indicated by the substance III Communications • ' CODEL will be the caption on all airgrams and telegrams c oncerning any Congressional trip STAFFDEL will be used to define a Congressional staff trip The second word in the caption will be for identification i e CODEL SMITH designating a single traveler or in the event of more than one traveler the ranking majority member of the group The Department notifies posts of impending Congressional travel by telegram giving the purpose of the CODEL composition of its membe s itinerary and hotel requirements and transmitting specific requests regarding in-country schedule Upon receipt of the initial CODEL message the Chief of Mission UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 - ' A-I031S UNCL-ASSIFIED 3 or his Deputy should appoint a control officer See Part IV It is most import nt that all agencies represented at post be immediately notified of impending Congressional travel and where appropr iate assist the Control Officer in arranging the in-c ountry schedule After tl1e initial telegram th Department will continue 'to advise the posts by telegram 'of additional requests changes in itinerary and other pertinent information After the CODEL departs Washington it is the responsibility of the Control Officer to communicate directly with onward posts any changes in itinerary or scheduling sending info copies to the Department In cases where the action on a CODEL is joint Embassy USAID USIS etc all messages should use the CODEL caption and not the Joint Caption such as I1Embassy USAID I1 • If the control officer feels that the message should be passed to another agency his request should be included in the opening sentence in the text of the message IV Control Officer The Control Officer is directly responsible 'to the Chief of Mission He is expected to be free to prepare for the CODEL visit and to have the authority to call upon the resources of the post including members of the staff The Control Officer should coordinate with the appropriate members of the Mission staff to meet vlith the CODEL as soon as possible after arrival The Control Officer is responsible for the followi g Arrival The Control Officer and or other appropriate mission personnel should be on hand to greet the CODEL and facilitate entry and customs formalities Transportation The Control Office r should coordinate an ' control the official or locally-hired transportation furnished on arrival an throughout the visit If possible ' 'the Department will inform the post in advance of the CODEL's transportation requirements However the post must d'etermine the need o f the CODEL upon arrival and be prepare to provide transportation official or 10 cal ly-hired on 'a daily or hourly basis When the CODEL is authorized use of local currencies from 19FT5l0 funds and the post is unable to provide official cars locallyhired trans ortation is authorized chargable to the 19FTSIO UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A-1031S NCLA5SIFIED 4 ac ount It S Bxt r emr- J y important for accounting and reporting purposes tl at· 'rJH Control Officer or the person responsible for obtaining locully-hired transportation inform the traveler in advance of the estimated cost of such transportation and obt in from the tr aveler 'a signed receipt When using official transportation r and it is necessary to charge drivers overtime to the 19FT510acc ount the traveler should also be informed in advance of the timated cost and requested to sign a receipt I I '£he Control Officer should insure that arrangements are made for the expeditio1 ls clearance through customs and prompt delivery o ba ggclge to the CODEL I 5 room Hotels In r equesting hotel accommodations the term best avarrclEle used in ·the Department I s messages merely designates th lt the COPEl h 3 l ot Jndicatec1 any preference in hotel The Crnltrol Office r h0uld make every effort to obtain confortable and convenient fi st class quarters at reasonable costs It shouJ d be r ememb red that Congressional trav lers 'are traveling in most c es ml per aiem and unless sp0clfically requested delu p ar r mmnodf lt iOTlS d' e not a necessity To avoid delay the c ntrol of£i er should arrange for pra-registration if possible OX' a s i t lpJ fied registration procedure in order that travelers iT i 1 y 'go 'iirectly to their rooms The Department will inform the P0St if a c ontrol room is uuthorized for the CODEL Local Cc rencv n ceipt Porms DS-l165 are to be signed by In the case of a large dele9atiop one individual will authorized to sign for any l i 1di t 1o nal fum1£ reguired to y or transportation and control roo · ' ts Form D5-116' sr ould be given to travelers fDr alL monies refunded to the Control Officer See Part VI far C j rm5sion of local currency account - 19 FT5l0 eacn-iU ffi'i er -I h 0il fmn s so advanced 'l c him Miscella uR'Service5 Services such as secretarial intermessenger etc I may be reques·ted The traveler 11 2 ' JI l o request assistance' and advice for shopping commiss f 1' 1 S '1l1tseeing Post should accommodate these regues ts · n · eJ' r 1· ' lible pre'tI'i1g --' 'i tn '-specI r ' OriAntatiOG Kl U2pending on the size and capabilities of th'e post J 1 I- m taU0 H kit may be found useful in facilitating the visit of ' he Cmv n ·r s sional t aveler The following is a suggested list of items tha·tlna yb · included in the kit as appropriate UNCLASSIFIED ·' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 ' A-I03lS ' e' UNCLASSIFIED 5 Summary of administrative arrangements and facilities I Organization of post with names and telephone numbers of key officers including all agencies represented at post Program if an in-country schedule' has been prearranged Map of the city 'Basic data on the country with separate geographic historical cultural political and economic information In AID missions basic briefing paper on the foreign assistance program Copy of USIA country data paper Key host government officials including biographie Points of historical or other interests Currency exchange card Shopper tips Sightseeing suggestions List of recommended doctors List of American consulates and other facili ti es in ·the country s Government List of names and positions of foreign guests the group will be li ely to meet at social functions I ist of US firms having branches in the city List of rominent Americans res ding in the country Inf9rmation sheet with suggestions on customs tipping language churches commissary etc transport tion List of hotel assignments Short list of useful words and phrases ' UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 -' A-10315 UNCLASSIFIED 6 passports The Control Officer should check each passport to make certain that all visas for the onward itinerary have been obtained If they have not he should attempt to obtain them or notify the next post Chan¥e in Itinerary The Control Officer should immediately noti y the Department if the CODEL changes his itinerary in a way that affects his return·to the united States Financial Arrangements The Control Officer should notify the Budget and Fiscal Officer when the initial cable is received as to the financial arrangements and requirements See Part VI ' V Program Preparation Program preparations should include when appropriate the participation of all agencies represented at the post and be approved by the Chief of Mission or his Deputy The objectives of the CODEL as set forth in the Department's communications are the primary basis for the programs at each post However the Department relies on the Control Officer's local knowledge in constructing a program that will benefit both the CODEL and the Department The formal program should include an appropriate briefing by the Chief of Mission his Deputy or the Control Officer before any meetings with foreign government officials and other foreign nati onals Staff members of the official party should be included in the program arrangements Sightseeing church attendance shopping recreation' and other personal activities will vary widely Most of these should be arranged only at 'the option of the individual traveler But what is available should be made known and offe ed Impor ant points to remember are It is important that the traveler's schedule not be over organized Keep in mind that most 'individuals pr0fer a flexible SChedule When preparing thc program remember that in most instances trave ers prefer to have a half-day free time unschechlled and perhaps a meal or two privately Consider that members of a group may welcome a chance UNCLASSIFIED - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A- 315 UNCLASSIFIED to occasionally break away from the other members Scheduling of events for the day of arrival in particular should be kept light • The Congress annually considers program authori zation'and appropriation bills for Foreign Assistance USIA and Peace Corps activities CODELS generally will be interested in seeing exa ples of these projects as well as meeting former participants who have traveled or studies in the United States ' When possible the CODEL message will advise missions whether or not members of the delegation specifically desire press conferences or meetings with other elements of the local community such as local political opposition leaders business and labor leaders students and other individuals who may ave potential for rapid growth or great public impact On occasion Members of Congress may suggest names of individuals they would like included in social functions Most Members may wish to meet American residents from their own states or districts particularly during a visit to a military installation Congressional vi its to the posts afford a unique opportunity for Americans residing abroad to obtain a first band and ' current observation of developments in the United States Congressmen are exceptionally well informed on our domestic situation and in most instances would welcome an opportunity to give a briefing on important issues ' VI EXPENSES Sources Regulations Handling· Use of Congressional Travel Account 19FT510 j The Department has no jurisdiction over the expenditures incurred by authorized Congressional delegations The Department transmits to the post the Committee's authorization to disp rse local currencies from the 19FT510 account to l'ts members 'fhe post is not repeat not permitted to disburse local currency to Congressional travelers without the receipt of such authorization from the Department of State The authorization spec fies the authorizing committee and where appr opriate authorizes the daily local currency expenditure amount per CODEL member plus funds to cover local tran9portation costs UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 Ii UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A 10315 UNCLASSIFIED ' 8 Very often the traveler will change his itinerary enroute and travel to posts that were not on the distribution of the initial travel message In such cases it is necessary to notify the Department so that authorization to disburse funds may immediately be requested from the Committee Chairman ·The statutes governing the use of local currencies from 19FT5l0 for authorized Congressional travel limit the amounts of foreign currencies available in non-excess currency countries to the equivalent of $50 per day local currency expenses per individual plus transportation costs The law does not limit amount available to authorized Congressional travelers in excess currency countries Missions providing Congressional funds from 19FT5l0 should maintain a sufficient cash supply on hand for use by Congressional visitors at the post and for distribution to SUbsidiary posts· where such visitors may stop The post must be ready to fur nish on short notice any additional funds required by a delegation Missions should notify the Department immediately if dequate funds are not available Amounts of 19FT5l0 funds in non-excess countries are distributed to each congressional traveler according to the length of stay measured by $50 pe·r diem as mentioned above The limit for subsistence in excess currencies countries is prescribed by the traveler The disbursing officer at the post will provide Form· OS-1165 for receipting of local currencies advanced and returned I Ji I i I Form 08-1165 is prepared in q adruplicatp the original to be signed by the person receiving the funds who should be given a duplicate opy The original is sent to Washington Financial Services BF FS with the monthly Form FS-488 one is kept by the disbursing officer and one is kept by the control offiger All Forms OS-1165 must show the appropriate committee which authorized the advances The mission should obtain from each individual traveler or in the case of a group the individual authorized to sign for the group wri t'cen authorization for payment of bills such as car hire and· telephone calTs which may be receiver i after departure of - the group The detailed accounts of Congressional Travelers are Congressional business stric ly UNCLASSIFIEO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 'Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 A-I03lS UNCLASSIFIED 9 State Department or Other Government Agency Appropriated Funos When State Department funds ar utilized regular travel orders are issued and payments for expenses are processed exactly as ' ·they are for Departmental or Foreign Service travelers When the travel is sponsored by the Department of Defense portions of the official expenses may be borne directly by· the military escort officer Travel expenses of Members of Congress or staff of the House Appropriations Committee are funded from appropriations by dollar advances made to· members and staff prior to departure upon written authorization from the committee Chairman Control Off cers should arrange to make currency exchanges promptly at point of arrival and plan to convert unused local currency to U S currency at time of departure In some instances arrangements are made by the Committee Chairman with the Department prior to departure for advances from Embassy funds on a reimbursable basis In such cases posts will be notified in advance by the Department and appropriate symbols and account numbers will be given ' Accurate records must be kept f r all sums so advanced Such vouchers are returned to the Department for billing to authorizing committees for repayment This is an unusual arrangement and would occur only under extraordinary circumstances VIr Escort Officer On occasion when requested by the Committee Chairman the Department will provide an escort 'officer for Congressional trips Initial Steps The escort officer's major responsibility is to assIst in the substantive planning of the trip' and to coordinate all details with the Department and the·field The admini trative details itineraries visas passports unding etc are han lled py H-Congressional Relattons The escort officer will work closely with the Congressional Travel office clearing all communications and coordinating ·all administrative details UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State· Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED 10 The escort offic er will arrange appropriate geographic bureau ·briefing for the delega tion before departure Press releases prepared speeches and photographs are normally _ ' handled by the Congressional staff However the escort officer hould be prepared to assist with the control officer in distribution of· these items after arrival During the Trip The es·cort officer will prepare and approve telegrams to all onward posts info copies to the Control Officer and th Department concerning all itinerary or schedule changes made after the group has left the United States The Control Officer will at all times work through the escort officet and is responsible for supporting the escort officer in facilitating transmission of such messages and to follow through if required after the departure of the CODEL Only when authorization is received from the Chairman of the Committee will the escort officer's expenses be paid from the 19FT5l0 funds The Department will transmit this authority to the field · Congressional groups accompanied by military escort officers designated by the Department of Defense should also be assisted Appropriate consideration should also be given to the crew of the military aircraft These delegations are usually handled ·by the military authorities who will send out communications through their channels Every effort should be made to obtain from the military Attache timely and pertinent information in order to coordinate appropriate assistante The Department wil attempt to notify the post of Congressional travel handled by DOD j I VIII Miscellaneous 1 Diplomatic Pouch Facilities l ' y' Diplomatic Air Pouch facilities may be used for transmission of correspondence and packages of Members of Congress Packages destined for Wqshington D C may be transmitted without postage by diplomatic pouch All packages forwarded by pouch facilities are to be registered When pouching packages the Department should be advised in advance by cable of the registry number pouch invoice number and the date at the pacJr age Ls c 1ispatched No liquids incendiary materials TlMf'T t c C Tl 'T·l 'n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 • I ·f '''' ' ' pc - • • e' A-10315 UNCLASSIFIED 11 'explosives firearms ammunition corrosives such as but not limited to hydrochloric and sulphuric acids radioactive substances magnetic materials fragile items and poisons may be forwarded by diplomatic pouch Packages received in ' Washington will b forwarde l immediately to the local deputy collector of customs for clearance and the Congressman's office will be notified Packages to addressees outside of Washington must be forwarded through postal channels and have affixed appropriate United state or foreign stamps at the international rate Occasionally a traveler may wish to send an item too large for the pouch and therefore must be shipped via commercial means at the traveler 's expense In such instances the traveler should be informed in advance of the shipping cost Telegrams Official teleirams originated by the traveler are sent in the same manner as State Department official traffic Tele grams to non-governmental agencies or private individuals which are not of an official nature are to be sent as interested party messages ROGERS UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980103 Date 09 12 2017 CO 641606 O IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416060 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 %MXTEO DF %C±A US BOGOTA 2Se1 STAOISiiiiiiliiiiiiiliii1iliiiiililiiiiiiiiiliiliiiiliiiiili 86 2 R F U stION D THE POLiCY JUSTx iCAT DN OB pic ORUNn%N A I ARI3E tNVESTM NT MUStON TO VISIj' CC CMI U R IS ACK OW DG D MV DIS8 T CHANN L M SSAG BE' ANNOUNC TH ARR VAI OF rWO OPIC RI PR 8ENTATtV S XN eOQO A ON ARCH 28 TO MAKE F N L ARRAN EM NTS OR THE INY STM NT XSStON 3 THe PUBP05E 0 1' THU 'ES Q Ie TO iNSI IR TtiAT' ' 'H IUCXPXENTS OF R • ARE AWAR O OeXCI el ANS TO MOV AH AO WITH 'T %S PROJ CT AND 'TO eU Q ar tHAT I R A R SU T S rN A D lSION AGAINST THE ADVtUB%LXTY Opr _THE MUUQ JI S YUrT TO COI-CMUA LIMITED O l' ICIAL US ' 'GiS - • of· lip MtTfD PAri 02 o rlciAL OGOf 02ees US i'2 42i It WOULD EASi R fo IMPLfM NT THI D eisION P IQRrTO 'tH A IVA O TM ADVANCE T AM ATH R THAN A 1ERWARO UNCH Z of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416060 Date 10 11 2017 C06417012 IED U S 'Department of Stat · 'case N· F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417b12 Date 10 11 2017 Departnlen oJ State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-CIl2 INFO OCT-CIlJ STATE 1813622 ES-0J 150-00 TELEGRAM 9598 RELEASE IN FULL 1004 R DRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY BOM APPROVED BY 51 ALAKE SIP - A DEPORTE S P RJHARRINGTON SIP-OF NABOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY ------------------043286 0215512 147 R 0 1240Z AuG 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY PARis L MITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 180622 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N A PFOR FR FOR DOBRtN FROM LAKE SIP PINT PGDV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FRENCH LEFT USG RELATIONS WITH THE I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON USG RELATIONS WITH THE FRENCH LEF·T ANTON DEPORTE OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL BE COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR ME SSAGE HAS B EEN CJRCUlA'TED TO THE OFFIces OF THE SECRETARY 'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED CHRISTOPHER LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417012 Date 10 11 2017 86 SIP MECELY 8DM EXT 22562 4-22-77 S P PKREISBERG I ARA PPC - MR EINAUDI· SIP-OF - MR ARA AR LAICAR - 80Y R - MR HEAVNER MR HEELER S a i1 - 6 1 9t SIP ONLY PRIORITY BRIDGETOWN DISSENT CHANNEL PK ME E E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR 88 MR E • MR H SUBJECT INCREASED STAFFING OF AID OFFICE REF fOR BRIDGETWON 2468 L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I ---11 MR ' w NAB FROM TONY LAKE - SIP ---_ _-- I I 1 IN CONNECTION WITH THIS MESSAGE AND WITH I I ' '•• CONCURRENCE WHICH IS REQUESTED PLEASE SEE STArE Qr l9 1 t ­ REPLYING TO I I ' s 2452 2 LIKE THE DECISION AMONG THE PRINCIPAL OPTIONS OPEN TO THE USG IN HANDLING ITS R'ELATIONS WITH THE MICROSTATES O-F THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN THE DECISION ON THZ LEVEL OF STAFfING THE RDO C REMAINS OPEN THE FINAL DECISION WILL BE INFLUENCED BY THE POLICY DIRECTION CHOSEN IN CONNECTION WITH VIEWS OF 'THE' NEW AMBASSADOR AND WILL PROBABLY NOT aE TAKEN UNTIL AFTER THE PARM REVIEW is COMPLETED 3 THE PROPOSED INC'REASED STAFFING 1 OES NOT APPEAR OUT OF LINE WITH THE SIZE OF THE PROGRAM HICH WAS INITIALLY QUITE SMALL BUT IS OW INCREASING SUBSTANTIALLY ONE NEW POSITION RESULTS FROM RELOCATING· A REGIONAL CONTROLLER FROM HAITI AND REPRESENTS NO REAL INCREASE IN MANPOWER RESOURCES FOR PROGRAM PURPQSES THE OTHER TWO NEW AMERICAN L E#off AL u fJ4 -I -----------_ _----_ _ ------------------ v UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO§ 31096 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 -07743 Doc No C06431096 Date 11 13 2017 CONfIDEPHIAb- POSITIONS TO ONE OF WHICH A NOMINATION HAS BEEN MADE AR£ DESIGNED TO MOVE PROJECTS FASTER AND TO DESIGN THEM BETTER 80TH Of WHICH WILL BE PROGRAM OBJtCTIVES If THE CONTINUATION Of THE REGlONAL APPROACH THROUGH THE CDB IS DECIDED THE PROJECTED LEVEL OF US FUNDING COMMITMENTS TO TH£ CDS IS HIGH ENOUGH TO' PROVIDE A REASO ABLE JUSTIfICATION FOR THE ADDITIONAL POSITIONS IN LIGHT OF AID ' E PERIENCE WtTH SIMILAR PROGRAMS ELSEWHER THE ALTERNATIVE OF USING MORE TD VISITS HAS BEEN EXPLORED AND -DISAPPROVED IN· LIGHT Of BOTH THE LEVEL OF 'PROJECTED ACTIVITY AND THE DIfFICULTIES WITH COMMUNICATIONS INTO AND OUT Of TI E AREA 1 4 WHETHER OR NOT THE P OPOSED COMPLEMENt INCREASE FOR RDO C IS INCONSISTENT WITH THE OVERALL AU TERITY OF EMBASSY STAffING IS ANOTkER I SUE THE PARM EXER ISE IS DESIGNED TO ADDRESS THIS KIND OF QUESTION AND WILL ·PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY TO JUSTIFY BETTER STAfFIN fOR THE EMBASSY PROPER LEGISLATIVE CONSTRAINTS ON' STAFFING FLEXIBILITY WI L OF COURSE REMAIN·AND THIS IS A SEVERE PROBLEM S YOU ARE' COLLECTIVELY COMMENDED FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL I POLOGIZE FOR THE DELAY IN RE PONSE yy L - - - _ - - I - - - - - --- - - - -- - - -- - - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - -- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 _16-07743 Doc No C06431096 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washineton D C ' 20520 November 13 1975 CONFIDENTIAL To SIP - Mr Thornton From SICCT - Robert A Subject Dissent Message on Terrorism fromLI __________________ Fearey Pursuant to your memo of October 23 and' our subsequent telephone conversation t e fOll Winu6information is provided on the points advanced bYl n her October 20 Dissent Paper on Department's'Pollcy on'errorism The paragraph numbers below correspond with those in her memorandum 1 Asl Istates the Department does not negotiate with terrorists By negotiate I mean bargain on ransom or other concessions She is also correct that the Department gives as ts basic reason for this policy its belief that our refusal to negotiate with terrorists deters kidnappings With respect to I dissent arguments against this position the US pollcy of not negotiating with or acceding to the demands-of·terrorists is in no sense a slogan It is a carefully considered policy which has proved its soupdness over time We seek to deny··successes to terrorists so that the incentive to terrorists tq seize Americans abroad and foreign diplomats in this country will be minimized • There is considerable evidence which I can make available to you that our no-ransom no-concessions policy is widely known and believed by Palestinian and other terrorists and that i t is in fact helping to deter abductions There is also convincing evidence that this policy has not been at the expense of the safe recovery of Americans who have been kidnapped with the possible exception of the Khartoum case I says that the RAND study A Proposed Policy for DealIng Wl'tn Hostage Incidents showed that a country's policy on terrorism ••• is the least significant factor in terrorists' planning action and reaction and that there is no basis for CONFIDENTIAL GD'S' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CQ6445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 2 alleging that the 'no negotiation' policy actually deters kidnappings he RAND study is by no means as clear or positive in that view as_ lindicates It states that the relationship between no-ransom no-concession policies and subsequent terrorist actions is unclear but it specifically recognizes that such policies do have deterrent value though not as much RAND alleges as the USG has tended to believe I R I allegation that the Department has ignored her earlier letters and memoIanda S CCT files Include a number of meio n a -Froj my pre ecessors Am a s do rs Meyer and Hoffacker to _ _ _ __ respond ng to her cr1t c1sms and compla1nts particu aT y 1n regard to the Khartoum incident and RAND's examination of that incident I understand that Ambassador Hoffacker also offered to meet with I I to discuss the issues but that she did not respond to the suggestion ' I I queries and proposals were not ignored the file shows they were carefully answered She has never approached me in writing or in person though I would of course have been prepared to see her In answer tol I further points under dissent number 1 the RAND study was not commissioned as a result ofl I expressed views it was commissioned because the Department wished the benefit of RAND's examination of and recommendations on USG policies and procedures in hostage cases Far from the results of the study being thrown away because they do not fit the Department's preconceived notions the study of which the conclusions and recommendations section was received only a·few weeks ago is undergoing careful analysis in S CCT prior to its subwission with our views and recommendations to Mr Eagleburger A number of RAND's recommendations put forward during the course of the study's preparation have already been reflected in· our terrorism policies and procedures as set forth in A-775 February 5 19 5 and A-4709 July 10 1975 2 I Imaintains that the Department punishes Ambassadors who successfully negotiate to save lives Saving lives is a major objective in any terrorist incident But it is also important to pursue that objective by means which will minimize incentives to future terrorism 'These two objectives are often in conflict which is why we have carefully drawn policies and procedures set forth in A-775 and A-4709 designed to achieve the hostage's safe release while at the same time denying juccess to the terrorists There is no basis fore I allegation that the message is clear save lives ruin your own career Ambassadors who helped to save American -r fl IJ IW fWt- 0 J -' tmt e vY 'rr f e v Ik of CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 3 hostages t lives in the Barbara Hutchison case in Santo Domingo the Col Morgan case in Beirut and in other instances have had their contributions explicitly recognized in commendatory messages from the Secretary and other high Department officials k 3 I alleges that the Department refuses even to finish t e RAND hostage study project and related case studies She charges in effect a cover-up by the Department of its handling of terrorist incidents particularly Khartoum The fact is that S CCT has done everything possible to expedite completion and delivery of xhese studies However RAND found that a thorough job required more time than it had expected and they and we have not wished to sacrifice quality for speed ' The completed hostage study though still not assembled in one 'piece and formally submitted was received a few weeks ago - The case studies of individual terrorist incidents such as the one in Khartoum were not contracted for as a part of the hostage study but were prepared by RAND as working source materials for the hostage study SleeT recently committed $12 000 to enable RAND to up-grade these working materials to the status of RAND Reports 8 or 9 case studies including the one on Khartoum bearing RAND's formal approval or Working Notes 4 or 5 case studies not bearing this formal approval baj The Derartmpnt never refused to pay for these case studies a s a l l d g e s but rather has pursued their completion and submission as rapidly as work on the basic hostage study permitted The Department has cooperated fullYrwith RAND in providing documents and participant witnesses to assist preparation of the case studies to RANDts complete satisfaction The only delays were when a few documents notably some NODIS Khartoum cables initially could not be found As soon as they were found they were provided to RAND There is no basis fori I allegation of an attempted Department cover-up on Khartoum or any other incident h b charges that RAND's recommendations for· changes in 0 r cerrotIsmolicies were rejected by the Department and ordered to be rewritten in a form palatable to it by watering down the conclusions and placing them in a separate annex S CCT did t RANDts request review sections of its report as they were prepared providing informal written comments and discussing them with RAND o'fficials when they were in Washington CONF DENT IAL -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 ' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 4 These discussions reflected RAND's and S CCT's belief that the final RAND report would be most useful if its authors had the benefit of our reactions as preparation of the report proceeded This interchange also permitted us to benefit from some of RAND's recommendations during the two years that the report was in preparation One RAND proposal whichl I apparently has in mind and which has never commended l seI£ to S CCT is that the Secretary be asked to approve in advance a ransom option in instances when it appears that payment of a ransom might save an American life This proposal was extensively discussed by S CCT with the RAND study authors in the months prior to completion of their study during which the RAND authors basically maintained their proposal in spite of S CCT's arguments against it Some three months ago it was agreed in one of these discussions that because RAND's concept was that the ransom option should be known only to the Secretary and a few top Department officials and because both RAND and S CCT wished the completed RAND report to be made widely available RAND should submit its full reasoning underlying this proposal in a confidential letter to S CCT S CCT would then use this letter in presenting the proposal to the Secretary without S CCT's support for his consideration while discussion of the proposal in the formal widely available report would be confined to its more general aspects This confidential letter was subsequentlY received by S CCT from RAND By that time however the Secretary-had publicly stated at Vail and Orlando that the US Government woul never negotiate with terrorists making it crystal clear that he would not entertain a ransom option proposal --· RAND accordingly decided that a memorandum from S CCT to the Secretary embodying the RAND I k proposal without S eCT's backing would serve no useful purpose t« ' - ·at thi time It accordingly withdrew the confidential letter ' and included its entire reasoning underlying the proposal in the conclusions and recommendatIons section of the final report A copy of the confidential letter is nevertheless retained in S CCT's file with RAND's knowledge lalso alleges that the first three sections of the essentially background material and analysis were not made available to officers handling hostage situations It is true that these sections were not initially distributed by S CCT because it was felt that such distribution should await RAND s7t u d y c o n taining CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date ------------- -- -- 12 11 2017 - - ----- -- ---'- - - ---'--- - ---'-- ---'--- -'---'------- ------- -' CONFIDENTIAL 5• receipt of the conclusions and recommendations section and Seventh Floor decision in disposition of the full report After receipt of that section had been delayed S CCT made the initial sections available last July to a numbe of interested Department offices and to AFSA I would have been glad to-make them available to the AF C Office Director had he asked for them or had I felt that they had useful relevance to our Stanford students case which they did not Present S CCT plans subject to'approval by M and receipt of the necessary copies from RAND are to make the complete RAND study including the recently received conclusions and recommendations section available to all members of the Cabinet Committee Working Group to Combat Terrorism on which 22 USG departments and agencies are represented The study's 'title would also be included in the INR Papers Available circular and would thus be available to all interested Department officers and to all Foreign Service Posts abroad 4 I lalleges that the Department publicly disowns Ambassadors who use official resources to assist in negotiating the release of captives such as shipment of ransom funds by pouch storage of such funds in official safes and escorting of persons contacting kidnappers by US Embassy officials These things' were done in the Stanford students or Patter-' son cases some with specific prior Department approval but not oy the Secretary and some with subsequent tacit Department approval but not by the Secretary As earlier noted there is no basis __ fo _ a m r ' s cha ge that the Department Ildisowns Ambassadors who use official resources'w to assist in- obt-a-iliing-' the release of aptives as long as the resources are properly used 5 Icontends that the Depart ent overdoes its public emphas1s on our no-ransom no-conceSS10ns policy and that this over-emphasis' impedes negotiat'ions during hostage situations to the detriment of the safe release of the hostages She recommends that the US officials maintain silence on these policies during incidents Partly as a resultof arecommendation by RAND during preparation of its hostage study it is now a firm and accepted element o£'our t rorism policies and procedures 'but not yet formally CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIE U S Department of_State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 -- -- - - ------ ------- - '--'----- CONFIDENTIAL 6 transmitted to the field that US officials will not publicly reiterate our no-ransom no-concession policies during an incident Our position during incidents is that these pOlicies are well known that their reiteration is therefore unnecessary and implicitly that their reiteration might provoke retaliatory action by the abductors against the American hostage B6 6 I criticizes the US policy of refusing to deal directly with terrorists She recommends that our posts be instructed to take whatever steps are needed directly or through the host government depending on what will be most effective to SAVE LIVES For the reasons indicated above t e USG does not negotiate with terrorists The USG on the other hand has in the past and does now authorize USG officials to meet with terrorists or their representatives to secure informatiori-about the well-being of the hostages to transmit mail and packages to them and to urge their unconditional release For the reasons earlier indicated it is considered inadvisable for the USG to go beyond this i e to enter into negotiations looking to concessions to terrorists But our policy is explicitly designed tp save lives -- the lives involved in a particular incident and ·the far larger number of lives of exposed Americans around tne world who might be seized if the USG started to pay ransom or m ' political concessions 7 I I c uding'recommendation i hard to follow but seems' to be an eal to eliminate consideration from our release of host cs efforts of our relations with other countries good public relations etc -and·to concentrate exclusively on saving lives The USG must of course conduct all its activities including saving the lives of American hos ages abroad in light of its foreign policy and public relations interests There have nevertheless been instances such as the Egan case in Argentina la March when host governments have failed to' act effer ve1 to secure the safe release of American hostages and the USG has not A evision of Circular Airgram A-775 will prepared as soon as a number of S CCT-proposed clarificatiop of our terrorism policies and pr cedures have been approve by the Seventh Floor CONFIDENTTr L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Da 12111 2017 _J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date '12 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 7 acted quickly and firmly to press such governments to take more effective action or has failed to take over the release effort itself when feasible This problem was addressed and necessary provisions made in A-4709 July 10 1 75 The US has in effect taken over the effort to secure the release of the current American captives in Eritrea But the problem can never be completely overcome We will never be able to ignore our relations ith host governments or with other governments or our public rel tions interests as we work to recover seized Americans abroad 1 In her final Conclusions I Irefers to her efforts since 1971 to push the Department a way from its machismo-image self-concerns into an outward-looking· policy which worries about hostages rather than how the Department will look She asks the Department to find the moral courage to take the RAND study admit past mistakes and issue a new policy instruction which is simply eep qui t publically sic negotiate tI As already noted the USG does its utmost to secure the safe release of hostages consistent with the denial of successes to terrorists We have had a good record in this effort There have been very few terrorist incidents in which even by the advantage of hindsight we could have achieved better results through different policies and procedures iewing the matter not only from the long-term deterrence point of view but also from the point of view 9f the immediate purpose to save American hostage lives It is not a matter of machismo-image self-concerns but of sound policies and procedures for the saving of American lives in both the short and long terms i As for the RAND study this as already indicated is now being analyzed by S CCT preparatory to the submission of recommendations to M for any improvements of our existing terrorism policies and procedures which the RAND recommendations might indicate While there will be one or two such recommendations S CCT does not perceive in the RAND report any basis for recommending important changes in our current terrorism policies Except for its ransom option proposal neither it appears does RAND S CCT RAFeare y ijg CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445837 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 ----------- - --- RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of State LIMITED OFFJCJAL USE PAGE 01 8ANGKO 06220 TELEGRAM 9'7 062222Z 66 11 ACTION INFO 55 0 14 OCT-01 1015 W MAY 72 AMEH8ASSY BANGKOK TO SECSTATE WASHoe 3159 R 04 927Z M LIMITED OFFICIAL USE BANGKOK 6220 E 0 C TED c---O- UPGRADING FM UNCLA'S TO LH1JTED OFF'ICAL IUSE usa HI BANGKOK DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJI STATEMENT OF OPPOSITION TO THE BOMBiNG 'OF THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF VIETNAM' I' tNDING ESTABLISHMENT OF AID PROCEDURES FOR DISSENT THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VlEW SUBMITTED BY I I I I USOH PROGRAM OFFICE· 1 I 86 lOyOTEI I A UNIT D STATES ' OREIGN SERVICE RE SERVE OFFICER SERVING WITH THE u So AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT IUSOHI IN THAILAND FORMALLY REGISTER MY OPPOSIfoiON foe 'THE RECENT MILITARY ACTION TAKEN BY THE UNITED ST TES AGAiNST iHE ' DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIc OF' ViETNAM lORVlo 20 CURR NTLY 3 0 I TAKE 'THIS POSITION AS J STRONGLY FEEL 'THAT THE BOMBING 'OF' THE' ORV IS ADVERSE TO THE BEST INTERESTS OF THE U S AND 'CONSTiTUTES AN ANGRY AND INTEMPERAiE REACiioN OF 'THE UNITED STATes R TAER HAN AN OBJECTIVE AND PRODUCTivE ACT OF GREAT· NATION 'PROTECTING j'Ts PERCEIVED INTERESTs IN SOYTHEAST ASIA 4' VIEWED FROM ITS' VARioUS ASPECTS OUR MILIT RY ACTIONS IN THE NORT CAN NLY SERVE ·TO A O THE dRVIS ATTEMPT Tb TAKe OVER THE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE '' - -' - • ' - ' r - ___ _ ' _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 - Department of State -TELEGRAM 'I LIMIT D OFFt IAL pAGE 03 BANGKO 06220 USE 052 22Z OUR rOUNTRY HAS REACHED THE POINT T AT A MILiTARY RETALIATORY REACTION rs THE ONLY wiv WE CAN RESPO D TO A'tHALCENGE TO 'OUR INTE ESTSo CERTAINLY GREAT NATrONI IF'iT i TO REMAIN GREAT' HUST HAVE THE SELFDCONF'IDENCE AND SECURITy'TO AcT OBUECTIVELv AND WITH RESTRAINT OUR POWER 1 S TOO GREAr r OR' US TO ACT PEEvjSHLY WITHOUT GIVING ouR CURRENT AND POTENTIAL FRIENDS CAUSE FOR LARH IF WE ANT PEOPLE TO-TRUsi us AS THIS IS T E ONLY BASis FOR TRUE FRiENDSHIP THE WE MUST'EARN 'THAT TR ST BY BEHAVING AS A M TURE NATION CAPABLE Jr rAc·iNG ADVERSE EVENTS WITHiN A 'CONFiiDENT AND RATIONAL MANNER AS I CAN SEE NO RATIONAL REASON FO BOM6lN9 r HE DRy I URGE A CHANGE IN U S POLICY TO ONE PROHISrTING A 'u s MILITi RY INCURSION INTO THE oRV NOW AND IN THE FUTURE lEND QUOTEI UNGER NOTE CLASS'IFlCATION UpGRADED 'TO l'IMITED OfFrCIAL SE' PER RicH RD R PETERSON S PC 5 5 72 LIMITED OFEICIAl USE - -_ - _- - ---_ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471912 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473692 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington O C 20S20 August 1 1974 86 BangKoK DearL-I_ _ _ _ _ _I 86 I I Your letter of July 26 was received and noted prior to the despatch of the dissent c hannel cable sent to you on August 8 I I I appreciate your taking the time to set the record straight on the RED staff vi ws on the reorganization issue You can assure them hat these were fully taken into account in the final preparat on of the Washington response While the decision did not go as the staff had Tished I hope the r understand that the policy issues they raised were carefully considered and that the reaffirmat on of a strong US support of regional arrangements in Southeast Asia can be consiqered a use ul attribute of the review that their cable elicited j I Sincerely yours ·1'j p· C William Kontos Member Policy Planning Staff L - - --- -- - - '- '''-'''-'''- -_ __ - _ _ '--' _--- - -- - -- - - - -- -' - - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473692 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 February 24 1975 MEMORANDUM TO FROM SUBJECT sip - Mr Lord ' f - - _ _ _ _1---------- 86 Dissent Message Ethiopian Government Request for Additional Military Sales The decision which will be taken by the USG on the recent urgent request of 'the Ethiopian military government for an additional $25 million in military sales will have an important impact on the future course of US-Ethiopian relations While I believe that qur overall military sales assistance policy toward Ethiopia should be reviewed in light of the present situation including careful consideration of the desirability of suspending all military sales and grants I am limiting my attention in this memorandum to the question of new arms requests and not to shipment of materiel already in the pipeline Approval of t j ta's request for an additional' $25 million in mil t ry sa e o lq under p esent circ stances · constitute a ·cl5 ar- s 9J al of I pport for the current regime and hostility to' the Er-it'rean and other internal forces which oppose 'it ro W y al 'f s9ns I question whether any signifi t U§G n r s't 3 w uJ d be served l y approving the request n4 be v on the contrary that US interests could be damaged by dC 4-n _ s o First o r past support of the Ethiopian Government of Haile Selassie should not be seen as in any way requiring our support'now of the provisional military government Our past close relations with the Imperial Ethiopian Government were based on several concrete US national interests -- The Emperior's Government was pro-Western and provided moderate leadership in Africa and elsewhere in the Third World COiiffi'IB13 i'iP i iM GDS I ---- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12i11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 eONPIDEN IAL -2- -- The lEG was a bulwark against neighboring radical regimes in the Horn of Africa and against Soviet influence in the area It was the only governme t in the Red Sea area friendly to Israel -- The lEG permitted us to establish important military communications facilities in Eritrea None of the above reasons which justified our past military assistance to Ethiopi are present today The quid pro quo for Kagnew Station argument ended with the phase-out of most of our facilitIes there Meanwhile the public policy statements many of which seem to reflect a growing influence of the People's Republic of China of the present government indicate that it intends on building a radical socialist state It has backed up these words with measures which are not in USG interest including the nationalization of US firms with only vague promises of comperisation The military government hardly seems to be an effective counter to radicalism in the Horn--indeed the present regime in the Sudan seems moderate by comparison In addition the present regime certainly does not give the appearance that it would be sympathetic toward Isra l in the event of a resumption of hostilities in the Middle East Second it is far from clear that even with stepped up aid the present regime will be able either to control the situation in Eritrea or even maintain itself in·power The Eritrean insurgents are not the only group which would like to see the downfall of the present regime The devoutly Christian conservative peasantry of Tigre and Begemder Pr0vinces from whom Ras Menghesha's partisans are drawing support and the Muslim Afars in the Danakil have no love for the socialistic junta and a rekindling of the Galla Somali opposition in the east is also possible Historically transition periods in Ethiopia have frequently been prolonged disorderly and bloody • An almost Darwinian process seems to operate until a new strong personality emerges to weld the country together it would seem wise for the USG not to get involved in this internal Ethiopian situation particularly in view of the junta's policy orientation While US prestige and credibility would not suffer ser10usly now from the defeat or overthrow of the junta this danger would increase if we were to commit ours lves to the present regime CONFIDBU'fIAr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 -3- Under the present circumstances new arms sales to the junta would be viewed as such a commitment As Vietnam showed once we do commit ourselves to military support of a regime cutting it off becomes increasingly difficult--both in terms of our relations with the government concerned and of our efforts to avoid a diplomatic and or military defeat On the hasis of the foregoing I have concluded that there are no substantial USG interests to be served by approving this sale At the same time there are some important US interests which would be advanced by denying this request under present circumstances First it has been the general policy of the USG to avoid the development of arms races in Africa and as a result our arms 'sales and grants in Africa have been very limited The reasons which made Ethiopia an exception to this general policy passed away along with the demise of the previous regime and the phasing out of Kagnew Station It would strengthen our general arms control policy toward Africa-to 'extend- our - general policy to Ethiopia as well - -- -- - - -- Second a denial of this request would also be consistent with our past policy of not supplying arms to either belligerent party in African civil wars This policy was followed and in the long term has proved to have been a sound one in the cases of conflicts in Nigeria Sudan 'and Chad It would see eminently sensible to apply it to the current civil war in Ethiopia as well Finally blocking additional arms sales to the Ethiopian military government now probably affords the best hope of forcing it to seek a genuine negotiated settlement of the Eritrean question Approving all or part of the current arms request would not increase our leverage in promoting such a settlement We have leverage with the military junta now because of the past dependence of the lEG on·US arms and we should not hesitate to use it Making approval of the sale conditional on a public offer by the junta of some sort of autonomy for-Er rea plus__g ara ees of Eritrean civil rights is also unrealistic Given the pro pect of obtaining more arms the military junta would have little incentive to offer any form of autonomy eOflPIDElU'f'IAfi UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 r--- # -4for Eritrea that has a realistic chance of being accepted by the ELF Any offer made as a condition of obtaining more arms is therefore likely to be merely a cosmetic gesture -- The record of the present and the previous Ethiopian regimes with regard to civil rights is scarcely creditable as shown by the 1970 Keren Massacre the execution of the Sixty last November and the recent military actions against the civilian population of Eritr a Denial of the present request however might encourage the junta to make a genuine effort to seek a negotiated settlement An offer to return to the status quo ante Le F'eideration would be a start but unfortunatelY -gIVen the hatreds engendered by 13 years of warfare the ELF would probably not now accept it A more realistic possibility for a settlement might be a nominally independent Eritrea minus the strategic Assab area which could be incorporated into Wollo Province and defended with 1ess diffioulty than the whole province In summary while there is something to gain from denying ·the junta 1 s request for add i tional military sales 'increasingly deeper US military involvement in the current civil conflict in Ethiopia would not in my opinion provide a sound basis for future US-Ethiopian-EJritrean relations Suggested Distribution AF E - Mr Coote ACDA MEA ET - Mr Finegold PM SAS - Mr Ladd UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445660 Date 12 11 2017 i • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431965 Date 11 13 2017 • • ' • r • - • - - • _ • SE6RET RELEASE IN Departnlent oj'State E X o SlATE PAGE Ul ORI 1f1 I 8788 269 4$ STAff 5S- ' ASSUMED ' VAIICE IIlFO ocr-GI S • X o - - FULL TGO I NG TELEGRAM 69H5 0 1 Iso-on SSO-Ij l 1916 R DRAFTED BY URfeE k I lOESSHER APPROVED BY N SHREAD EUR JEOOOOBV AlSY VSTnARS NlCT KARKASIlI All SfPRS J IRATTlIER SUBS LfEUR J CROOK $ S'O RPERITO E ________ __________ ____ __________________________________ ________________ _________ -1 ··················D341Jl I003 n 163 o ILl0141Z lOV 77 ZFF 4 HI SECSTAIE WASHOC TO AHEHBASSY BOlm IflACT H EDIATE I S $ S RET STATE 269245 1 11 EXOIS • E O 11652 XGDS·3 E X lAGS D I SUBJECT PLAllIItD ATTACKS 011 LUFTHAll5A - S ASEC PillS Gil REF IAI STJl TE 2665Ba lSI SOIlIt 13669 leI FRANKFURT 8499 I ACT'I NG UPOJ THE S£CRETARY'S IIISTRUCT on DEPUTY UlInER SEcRETAA REliC TElEPHOU£O AMBASSAOOR VOII STADEl TH I S EVEHltlG AIID t1Jl DE FOLlOIiING POlins TO KI USG ASSESSES DAIiGER POSED BY TERRORIST ROCKET THRE T TO fliGHTS lOST SERIOUSLY AIID HAS rroll RECEIVED III· • DEPEHDErIT HITELlIGEIiCE fRON TH I RD COUr TRY SOURCE UH I eH REINFORCES THIS ASSESSI1EtIT LATIEil HAS SEE COIlVEYED TO U s Et1BASSY BOIlIl TO BE SHARED IIITH FRG 2 E X D I S • E X D I S _ E X D I S Ill LUFTHA SA 3 AS A RESULT liE HAVE VEL T CO PEllEO TO ADVISE REPEAT ADVISE USG PERSOIIIIU TO RtFRAl1i FRDH USltlG LUFTHAtlS fliGHTS UtITIL IMMEDIATE PDWHIAl DAIIGE rOSED BV STATED THRE TS HAS EA$ED '4 'UIIDER THESE CIRCU STAtlCES IJE FEn utlDER IrICREASIIIGl V HEAVY OeLIGATIOII RECWTlY EI1PHASIZro III GEilERAl HRMS BY COIIGRESS FOR SUCH SITUATIOns TO SE£ THAi ANERICAII TRAVEL' ItlG PUBLIC IS AlEUEO 5 liE RECOGllllE IHE DIffiCULT DIWIIIAS TillS POSES FOR FRG AS fllG HIIOIIS fROM HOST RECEitT IIiCIOEllTS liE PLACE It1PORTAIiCE Oil SOLI DAR I TY Of COORDIIIATE l ACTIOllS S' OUR GOVERIIMEIIT III THESE HATTERS 6 III THE SITUATION AT H IID OrPARiNEHT URGES FRG TO PUT OUT A FIRST PUBLIC ADVISORY ITSElF AS EARLY AS POSSIStE ml 1I0VEt1BER I D• 1 AI1BASSADOR VOII SlADE ASKED 110 SIGIfIFICAIlT QUESTIOns AIID PROIIISED TO 'COIIVEY MESSAGE TO HIS GO'lERllM£NT IHIt£OIATE' l Y 8 sueSEOUEUT TO READfVDII STADEN TElCOI liE RECEIVtD UNCLASSIFIED fAA SECURITY OUllEilli SElil IlITER ALIA TO FRAIIKFURT FAA REPRESEIiTATIVE I ICH DESCRIBES T£RI'IS or MISSILE THREAT BASED 011 JIIFORNATtOIl PRO'IIOED BY G£RMAII EIIBASSY IIASH IIIGTOII AIID LUFiHAIiSA SECUR I TY REPRESENTATI VE BULLETIII ODES riOT HOI EVER PROVIDE FOR PUSllC Allf OUIICE' NEHT UIIDER THESE tIRCUHSfA IC£S LIKEliHOOD OF THIS II FORMAT IOU PECOIlIIIG PUBLIC HIIOIILEDGE VERy 50011 MUSi BE jtBRf UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431965 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446545 Date 12 11 2017 INCOMING ' TELEGRAM ANTO 8416 150-60 o SSO-S6 ' S64 W ---------- -------9789S9 2117SSZ SE 78 FM AMEM6A5SY SANTO DOMINGO TO SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 6135 211i23Z 44 RELEASE IN PARTB6 UNClAS SANTO DOMINGO 5252 DISSENT CHANNEL FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY VAKY FRCM I__ ____ j 86 AID OR 00 NOT RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION EO 11652 NA SUB NICARAGUA 1 I HEREBY WISH TO REGISTER MY DEEP DISAPPOINTMENT WITH APPARENTLY INEPT HANDLING OF US POL CY TOWAROS EVIDENTLY NATIONWIDE ATTEMTS BY NICARAGUANS OF ALL POLITICAL' PERSUASIONS TO DISLODGE UNPOPULAR EXPLOITATIVE AND REPRESSIVE DICTATOR 'DESPITE MY IGNORANCE OF WHATEVER BEHIND SCENES AND OR DEEPLY CLASSIF IED U S ACTIONS MAY HAVE BEEN TAKING PLACE IN 'FAVOR OF INSURGENTS OUR FAILURE IS EVIDENT THROUGH PUBLICLY KNOWN SITUATION INDICATING GUA RDIA IS GETTING 'CONTROL OF COUNTRY AFTER PERIOD 'OF FRUITLESS BLOODSHED AND DESTRUCTION I CONSIDER HYPOCRITICAL US AND OTHER GOVTS PIOUS CALLS FOR OUOTE TRUCE UNOUOTE AND OUOTE END TO BLOODSHeo UNQUOTE IF SQMOZA INDEED REMAINS IN POWER AND MOREOVER IS ABLE TO WREAK VENGEANCE DN INSURGENTS THEN I CONSIDER PRESIDENT'S HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY A HOLLOW MOCKERY I BELIEVE THAT NICARAGUAN SITUATION REPRESE TEO AND PERHAPS STILL REPRESENTS UNIOUE OPPORTUNITY FOR US TO INTERVENE FOR ONCE ON THE RIGHT REPEAT RIGHT SIDE WHILE RECOGNIZING INTENTIONAL PROPAGANDA EXAGGERATIONS I F EL DEEPLY SHAMED BY OPPORTUNITY FOR MOSCOW ND HAVANA 'ADIO EXFl OITATION OF WHAT TO MANY I ATIN AMERICANS AND OTHER THIRD WORLDERS CAN ONLY A PEAR AS CONTINUED TACIT US SUPPORT FOR SOMOZA AND I WOULD HOPE THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT IN THE NAME OF AMERICAN PEOPLE RECOGNIZES AND PAYS THE APPROPRIATE TRIBUTE TO THOSE COURAGEOUS NICARAGUANS WHO HAve SACRIFICED AND CONTINUE TO SACRIFICE THEMSELVES ON THE ALTAR OF FREEDOM YOST ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446545 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476313 Date 01 11 2018 - r -- ' I ' i 1 ' J • r' j I I J - r'l - L ' I 'I ' I I J 'r' 1 - 0- - -1 i I J I I J I' lYTC HN' J 1 t r A 1 · ' ' j • - - • I ' ' • • ' - J ' C' ' - - - 10-- - - ' _ •• ' '-' _ _ _ -' '- - ' --- - 'I - -- -1-' - ' ' ' I - J ' ' ' 0 - V - 1 I - - • ' ' CeNF IJ ENtIAl I 'IRELEASE IN PART 861' i · - SIP' EO DONNELL AG ' · 04-109 8 EX T 2297 2 s' p·rPWOLFOIIJ·ITZ SIP DFORTIER S P OF GDRAGNICH '-1 _ J -'r '- ROUT1 ·NE ' DUSENT CHANNEL t O 11652 TAGS BONN FO - - - ' YOM SIP WOLFOfllITZ GDS - 4 9 8b WOLFOWITZ PAUL YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE i REFERENCE BONN Ob573 i • 'r- t -- ____ ' i NA SUBJECT - - '1 II CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT I -- ' oe __ _ oooN_ _ i' 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE· WE ' HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY THE UNDERSECRETARY· L fOR POLITICAL AFfAIRS THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT I SECRETARY FOR NEAR EASTERN AND SOUIH ASIAN AFFAIRS THE F ' EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DEPARTtlENf PRESS SPOKESMAN THE i ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH AND THE i VARIOUS OFFICES IN THE DEPARTMENT WHICH YOU REQUESTED I YOUR MESSAGE WILL BE TRANSMITTED TO THE EMBASSIES REQUESTED' I CHARLES FAIRBANKS POLICY PLANNING STAFF MEMBER fIIILL j COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY YY 'I I I II I I i I I I I t _- -_ _ _ __________ --_____ e N_ _ _ EF_ _ r_ _L_ _ _ _i_ l_l_• l_ -L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476313 Date 01 11 2018 co 641548 g IED I'il ' JI U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415489 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' '''' - ' ' --- - - g • l I ''' •• E RELEASE IN PART P Q Acno I NFO OCT 0 i 'ES 0 i' 86 BE'lRuj ilHe5 1700Hz' i io i ' ' f' f - 1 · B l l etii' MAR '11' '-M A M MaAeeV UR JT· • to • • ••• ···· t'002 'TQ 8 Q'JAT w aMP 5 'INFOAMEMBASeV DAMASCUS %MitEO OFFf iAL USE BE'IRUT HISS aT D 8iiiiiiliiililiiililiiiiiiiliii iiiiiii iiii1iili iiI 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-20' -07743 Doc No C06415489 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416974 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 - ' I Ll XfLiJ FfICIf L i 5 - -- '----- 1 __ _ ------ -- - --- - c L S ' i'lO fROM A ' COt· G ' N ·iELj UR · I I ----- E O 11652 TAGS SUBJECT ---'----- l RELEASE IN PART 86 BEST COPY AVAILABLE l1G 2 N f LO chron FOR DIi EGTO C r' UCy PIJ · J G STt r-F rr · ·l 86 I -------------- '-----_----'lpOl TIC L O 'FJ r LHO J · n 86 i J· - ·· r · n ution r - H ClT tably • o qL _ _ __ -_ -LI I' - _--_ ---- - _-- ----- F ' it tlr· L t CL A i ' n C t i ' - ' 't • ' ' '1 - l j i' ' n '7 ''' it r -- lf6 UNCLASSIFIED U' ' __ _ __ __ __ _ __- - ___ --- -- - - _ - __________ _ _ f i _ _ _ 7 1- -i _t Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 co 641697 4 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 r prepart d 'on r e uy Politic l Cutmselor klggs anct DC P' rci'lal for period 3f'j 76 -' G 15 77 f 0sith'ely rc e s of repri u1 It '1 is ne of Ii O t vindictive' - ishoi1 st and s 1f serving hatcimt jo Js I have ever COilsic r 5e n it to I rea1ize this is serious l chcr e but r fully justified cases of rcpr sals fot' dissent pr1 'lcip 1 purpose of this r essl1se is to request aJvic on n ost cppropriato Cot l'se to 1'0110 ' at this poi t b 'yond r cDplct1ng Purts Il a'nJ VI of OER For eX lmple should I c ntinl c to· t S dissent chllnnel or should I direct c nr nic ti0 5 4 slIbsot Utmt· to srievance bOJrJ foul' 1t b possible to place'copies of reiFJvant r is5ellt channel lr cssag s in Ii ' pm sormcl fi1e L LI ·1 TC · i HTI PL t S · FORM Classijfc iiion '- '--- 4 68 FS·4' 3A co mNUATlON SHEET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416974 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 704 2 IED u s Department on3t t 'Cas' No F-2016 '07743 Doc No c06417ci42 6at 10 11 2017 Departlnent State· TELEGRAM Of STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 038592 0783 ' ' INFO OCT-01 ES-01 150-00 ONY-00 004 R o DRAFTED BY SIP MCASEY SIP APPROVED BY SIP RBF I NN SIP NBOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ON Y NVE IOTES ------------------190917 110811 II Z R 190229Z FEB 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOe TO AMEMBA5SY JIDDA LIMITED OFFICIA RELEASE IN PART 86 USE STATE 038592 DISSENT E O -' -i STADIS II CHANNE 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SA SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE-POLICY ON KIDNAPPING OF DIPLOMATS AND RANSOM REF FOR D JIDDA 1322 - 86 FROM VEL rOTES -SIP THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT PAPER ON THEDEPARTMENT' 5 POLICIES ON KIDNAPPING AND RANSO MR RICHARD FINN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A 5U8ST ·NTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY TH EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR FOR THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN FOR THE OPEN AS WELL AS THE DIRECTOR FOR COMBATTING TERRORFORlJM ISM WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSI8LE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED HARTM N LIMITED OFFICIAL Us UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417042 Date 10 11 2017 1 0 EUR NEA FILE DESIGNATION under receipt no V1430SiI Tt6POFFICIAL USE 10 INR Decentralized Flll1s Original to be Filed in CU HANDLING INOiCAYOR L FeO SilL SCI I J_' NO Sy AID r i · TO Department of State E O 11652 N A TAGS A-22 '-------Distribution NO per sIP B Miletich 6 17 76 __ -__ __-r__ INFO DEPT PASS AGR COM FRB INT TR XMB AIR ARMY NAVY OSo USIA NSA CIA OOT STR HEW FROM AmEmbassy TEGUCIGALPA SUBJECT Dissent Message REF March 29 1976 DATE DISSENr CHANNEL r This airgram transmits a dissenting view submitted by Economics Officer American Embassy Tegucigalpa l Honduras l I __ __ __ I SUGG ESTED DISTRI BUTION 86 2 SUMMARY In the world conflict of economic systems we are competing with less than full effo t less than full effect An unnecessarily weak link exists between U S economic philosophy and the U S program in some less developed countries This contention is first presented in general then in the micro-context of AID support of particular elements of Hondu an agrarian reform A specific solu- tion is proposed and necessary criteria for the solution are defined briefly with a suggestion towards sharper delineation Broader applicability to other elements of the Foreign Service is mentioned Recommendations restate the discussion END SUMMARY - AMB DCM ECOM JOO§ CHRON pij SANCHEZ Enclosure C- -c c - n-n z1 - o e A' LIMITED OFFICIAL FORM 3-7Q cOM 1 Clearances US DS ·323 IDraJling Dale gs -I 3-29-76 IlPhone No 243 I IICOnlan S I gild W N w -0 'f 7 r ' ' 1 --I f'l' c r - c· E r - U 7' -- I AI DCMj ' 1 - ----- ---- --- - - --- ----------- -- ------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 86 _ - __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2 016-07743 D'oc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE The Problem in General Context The caSe can be'overstated at its extremes but clear Ly a global conflict exists between the economic system utilized by the united and States and that of the Soviet Union No less than in arms but in a far more subtle struggle 'conflict is expressed between western eco omic thought and Ma ism co­ nomic ideology with competitive and sometimes mortal intent This condition is less apparent in some arenas such as the U S and the de eloped world than in the southern tier In less developed countries decisions between western and communist economic forms are made daily in the new laws programs and administrative and personnel selection It is in the underdeveloped country capital such as Tegucigalpa not in committed Washington or Moscow where these choices weigh on the side of Weste'rn or communist economic philosophy The choices· are not solely or even wholly economic given the supportable contention that in both the East and West economic philosophy fits closely to political philosophy Expropriation of private property has a political economic connotation first in the ownership of the means of production but equally in he political rights of the individual ' In Secretary of State Kissinger's statement before the Senate Committee on Finance on January 30 1976 he touched broadly on u S responsibilities in a world changing economically Then he stated Our economies institutions and daily lives are vulnerable to the economic policies of others Further in his statement he cited five initiatives of U S economic policy in the underdeveloped world and stated that In each of these areas we offered concrete solutioU s to developing count y problems that are consistent with our' own economic philosophy and our own economic interest II This is inSUfficient I contend that our economic philosophy and interest need more specific identification and application Although equally involved are the economic political and US IS sections of our' embassies the most obvious expression of U S economic policy in a number of LDCs is the U S AID effort Problem I AID Support of Agrarian Reform in Honduras am among those who believe that despite shortcomings the assistance program since World War II is the highest U s LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ---_ _ ---- - ' -- - -- ' _---- ---- ' --- - _ ' - - _ _ - - - -' - - • - - - - ' -- - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F QJ6-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 expression of the humanitarian cooperative p oductive will of the United States My intent here is not to criticise the admirab e efforts of my Government in providing assistance through AID nor is it the purpose or proper use of this paper to impugn the capacity or dedication of any AID employees Examples are chosen with no malice intended but rather are drawn to impart substance Yet I feel strongly that the terms of reference which guide AID programs should be reviewed to give due attention to elements of U s economic philosophy Specifically I must dissent with the present AID role its support of portions of he Honduran agrarian reform law The law is not all bad In fact major portions are hardly controversial in the Honduran conditions But I aver tha t the law utilizes state ownership and control of much farm land a significant portion of which will be expropriated from private hqlders in order to create conditions of collectivization or state farms or asentarnientos or'''empresas asociativas or other bureaucratically more convenient designations in which the rights of the individual farmer campesino who is adjudicated state controlled and expropriated lands will no receive or enjoy the economic or political benefits or motivations of private ownership Under the law the campesino participant becomes a ward of the state to function collect'ively in conformance' with the state's directives By failure to comply'the campesino loses most of his rights and claims to the land The campesino does not become at any point in the future an unconditional private owner of the land he works Relevant sections of the law are articles 82 83 and '93 Annex While decreasing the acreage of private holdings through expropriation the law does not increa se the number of private holders To the contrary it authorizes the taking of even small holdings less than five hectares As the law is enforced both the acreage and the absolute number of private farmers will be reduced The acreage and control is taken by the state There are related present law to be Honduras but the effect on private ownership and other grounds on which I believe the inimical to the economic development of salient point here is its debilitating ownership vis-a vis ascendency of state LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ------ -7 -----· --- - --- ------- - - __ _ __ O- • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc Q96 1_ te _11 13 20F _ --- _-- - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 In the current parlance AID has a Congressional Mandate to assist the rural poor I believe that AID should have an equally valid Congressional Mandate to support the development of a modern private sector in th e LDC In the Honduran case foster the successful development of' a private farm sector for theC sino as opposed to a state system A Proposal Towards Solution In view of the above I propose that Our foreign economic assistance programs be screened through additional and formal judgmental criteria based upon U S political-economic philosophy This proposal is clarify e sily misstated or misinterpreted To a · It is·not a proposal of reward and punishment to impose the totality Of Western or U S economic political or cultural values upon recip ents of aid Apart from impracticability because such imposition would require a magnitude of resources beyond probability imposition would be the denial of the very values we support But we sho ld support those values not their antithesis b It can be argued that this proposal would make of AID a political weapon To an extent this is true Historically there have been periods when the U S withdrew diplomatic recognition and economic assistance because a recipient government did not meet criteria 'of being democratic Such withdrawals did not alter the lack of democracy and the automatic political gambit on our part was correctly modified or abandoned in most cases Nonetheless our assistance should avoid support of totalitarianism from the left or the right It should actively assure support for democratic and individual values By its nature some assistance may be politica ly neutral f6r example construction of an accesS road to an agricultural area However it is difficult to see as politically neutral any assistance directed into elements of an agrarian reform program which are intrinsically statist in structure however well-phrased the overall reform objectives may be The pr posal suggests judgmental selectivity not dogma c The proposal can be viewed as more political than economic Perhaps this is essentially true since a common current LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 4 of economic thought in the U S conceives of economic theory as providing a slate of alternative options of policy which are then subject to a political decision process such as legislative or executive policy or vote Thereby questions of the incidence of a tax or income distribution can be examined within the context of economic analysis but the decision· to have progressive tax-· ation or negative income tax is political In this sense then the proposal suggests the application of a political consideration as to the most beneficial economic philosophy serving u s national interest d Against the proposal it might be argued that the substance is already part of the AID decision-making process that any particular set of AID decision-makers will already have the suggested criteria in mind Yet what is in mind is subject to the hazards of the experience of the particular individuals Also there is an innate complexity to some projects which veils the programs of assistaQce from anyone not intimately concerned For lack of specific criteria before the officers at all levels the actual implementation of a project could easily be in violation of those criteria In agiven AID project any proposed changes based upon considerations of U S economic philosophy can be arbitrarily ignored or irrationally responded to The only solution to these various weaknesses and problems is to have specific formal judgmental criteria included in the evaluation of any particular project Economic Ideology Criteria Necessary for Solution To formulate such criteria what are the objectives and the 'relevant elements 9f U S economic philosophy to be applied The generality of response is not difficult we seek an effective productive system which is based upon individual freedom I private property market determination of relative values government participation to foster development and prevent abuses ahd social responsibility exercised by all sectors relative to the human factors of production and society However such a statement needs great precision and wide acceptance - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - -- 0 -- -- _ - - r· ' 7 ' - • - - -- • - - ---- ' - '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 5 Suggested Means for Sharper Delineation To make this meaningful in a foreign policy context would require careful study Our economic philosgphy is not siniple nor static Who would draft an expansion of the Sec'retaryt S speech to define our eponomic philosophy and our own economic interests But it is suggested that such a policy guide 90u1d be prepared in conference with qualified academic business and administrative officials to the end of g eralizing the criteria which are or should be the present substance of U S political-economic foreign policy content Broader Applicability he economic phi osophy criteria should reach out more broadly Are there not countries in which Embassy not just AID but economic section political section and USIS activities could include responsibility towards the development of a modern private sector Some thoughts Less devel oped country II connotes not only problems of rural and urban poor education nutri ionT population control et cetera LDC also implie s institutional problems within the economic structure The private sector may be antediluvian feudal pre-industrial or robber-baron or other things but none will be modern nor usually or necessarily socially responsible ' This returns to the initial point of departure for this paper the economic ideological conflict If the Honduran Government must choose between regulating say the private lumber industry or nationalizing it into'a state corporation will there be a regulateabl private sector Can the sector factually and convincingly show that it is institutionally involving a responsiveness to social needs Are there even lines of communication open between the private sector and the government ' In the Honduran case the answer was negative to these 'questions as revealed by the nationalization action t e by the government Differentially among the LDCs for each is different are we supporting development and fostering natural instutional and individual allies for our economic philosophy I believe the answer- is in doubt for lack of the same criteria of guidance Orientation and guidance on economic ideology is no less ' important for political economic and information officers than it is for officials of AID LIMITED OFFICIAL USE --'--- - - - --- -- -'---'-- ---' - '1'-- - -- - --- ' • ----- -- -- o -r _ _- - ---- ---- --- - - - ' ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 04 _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 6 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Recommendations Our foreign eco omic assi tance should be scre ned through additional and formal judgmental criteria based upon U S political-economic philosophy criteria to this end should be deve oped through consultation and conferences with qualified a adern c pusiness and administrative officials so as to def ne with'dynamic content our economic philosophy and our economic interests These criteria should be applied broadly as a substantive element of U S political-economic foreign policy LIMITED OFFIC USE ' - -- - -- - - UNCLASSIFIED LLS Department of State Case No F-2'016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U· S bepartmemt of State' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Annex Agrarian Refor Law Decree-Law 170 8 January 1975 Informal Translation Article 82 Ita Obligations of the Adjudicated To personally work the land cUltivate it or exploit it every year without interruption and in an efficient manner b Obey the dispostions of the regulations issued under this law that control the sale taxing and· transfer of the parcel or the rights of the land adjudicated c Contribute personally and economically to the labors and services of the common nterest d Pay on time the notes of amortization of value of the parcel or of the unit adjudicated and comply with the obligations that are contracted with the institutions of technical and credit assistance e ·Belong to a cooperative or empresa associativa if necessary under the plans and program established by' the National Agrarian Institute f Obey the directives of technical or administrative character that are issued by the National Agrarian Institute g Comply with legal norms for the conservation of natural resources Article 83 The l -0n-compliance with any of the obligati ons of thepe rviou$ articl will be sufficient cause for the National Agrarian Institute to declare without value or effect the adjudication made If the National Agrarian Institute should order the disoccupation of the parcel the adjudicated will have the right·to receive payments' he had made and the value of improvements fie may have effected after deduction of pending credits If the action referred to in paragraph one is taken for amortization payment on the parcel a lapse of 30 days will be permitted the beneficiary to make the respective payment 1t LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - - -- - --- ---co---- - - - • - - ' -_- - - •• · - - - - - - • • c- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 - --- - - - - -- - - - - -- - --- - - - - -- - ---------­ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 Annex LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Page 2 Article '93 The adjudicated persons will receive a provisional title to accredit their position which will De exchanged when deemed suitable for a definitive title of property In those definitive titles th shall be incorporated the obligations estab'lished in Article 82 although ey may not be expre ssly mentioned Provisional titles can be used as a guarantee wi h State financial insti 1 1tions -L MITED OFFICIAL USE - - - r • -- - ' -' ' ''r - - -----• if _ 1 I - - - -- - ' •• •• • - 'r ---- --- - UNCLASSIFIED lL§· Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431358 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0643-151'3 Date 11 13 2017 ' I ' I' ' tr u DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wasllinelan O C 20$'ZO RELEASE IN PART 86 '---------' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE DISSENT CHANNEL 86 Bureau of Po itico-Mi1itary Affairs Department of State RoO 7317 Washington D C 20520 Dear LJ 86 Usually in responding to Dissent Channel'messages I give the dissenter a fairly detailed rundown on the issues involved and'how current policy is moving In the present case I think I should look to you for that sort of a briefing I understand that Tom Thornton kept in close touch with you in getting your views to the Secretary and as you know they continue·to be live issues in our discussions with Mr Sisco and the Secretary I appreciate you sending your views on' ·this matter They came at just the proper 'time and I hope 'you agree that they'received full attention I am not sure how the entire matter will come out but you have contributed in an important way to ensuring that the matter was fully aired Sincerely Winstqn Lord Director Policy Planning Staff Drafted s p ' ton vb Clearance x2l744 3 3 76 S P OFP LIMITED OFFICIAL' USE DISSENT CHANNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431513 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476885 Date 01 11 2018 rt l f ' AC TION INCOMING TELEGRAM --- - lOP Y 9298 05121 'IGOlllZ r IN PART 86 THi ADDliIO 1 TO THt IHTEGf 1TY THAT HnVE eWI IKYIIIG 10 BUILD IIiTO OVR VISA ISSUIiIG PROC SS AT THIS JUIICTURE E SHOU O EHPHAsm fRAT HAYING S410 All IX IS THERE IS 110 IIIT£UT TO QOIllIGRADE THE fSII CARetR TRACK THERE IS ROOII fOR BOTH PROG AIIS AIIO iii OUR VIEII THE AfH PROGRAn If IHTEL UG£II11 Y DIIIIIISlERtO CAli Bt OF GREAT ASSI TAIICE TO THE O£PARTIIWTS UGHT AGP IIIST IIASTE fRAUO MID rtISHAIiAGEHEIiT E ES'O 1904 II ·················-203120 160lm J DS'SO 138 R 1601161 II Y S' fit AnEIIBASSY SEOUL TO SECSlAfE t HDt W2 Ullel AS SEOUL OS 127 6 YE STROIIGl Y REConnEIIO THAI THE OEPARTHiIIl PROYIOE fOR THE 'SHARIIiG OF AfMfSII POSITIOIIS IIAlKER DIS5£IIT CHAllml E O 123$6 I A' lAGS APER SUBJECT fAIIIl Y WP10YHEIIl AT PO T 'H EO AfM POSITIOnS 86 I rOllOl lUG IIEf-SAaE liAS DRAfTED BY L--_ _ _ _---' ' 2 fOR SEVrp l YEARS THE OEPARIII lIT HAS EXPRESSED AS POL ICY r f IIIG EII YHEIIT AVAILASH H THE OEfEIIOEIITS Of FOREI n SE VICE PERSOimEL· THIS COHnWDABLE OijJECTIVE HAS R£SUUEO 1 1 E TAeIISH IIG AII 1ICA FAnIIY HEMB R lAf ' POSlTlOilS A HAllY POSTS A6 CAO AS Ell A THE CREATIOilOF PIT PO ''' lOllS iO BE ll O BY DEPWOEIITS EFFORTS HAVE EVtII aWl HA E 10 HAElISH A CARErR OF SO IS fOR OEPWOEIITS EIIABllllG i EM TO ACQUIRE SXlllS IN liASHIHGTOII OR BROA ArID HAVE Son p E sonABlE EXPECUTI 011 THAT THEY CAli 6E ur III ZEO AT FUTURE POSTS DE EIIOElIT SPOUtES ARE E 'EII AllOIIEO TO EUr Oll III COURSES SUCH AS FSI' S conSULAR CO RSE TO IJ1P OVE THE iR VALUE TO THE fOREIGl1 SERVICE THE GOAL Mm R SUlI Of All THIS ATTEIITlOri TO THE EIIPLo'mEIiT PI OSPECrs Of SPOUSES HAS BEEH l ll TAP A POTEIlr LL Y VAlum E PEltollUEl RES'OURCE ' IIlE REOVC rHG OilE Of TRE BA R IERS 10 AIIY All Off teER' S ACCEPT' IIIG All ASSIGIIIIEIIT ABROAD _ THE UlIlIKlIHDOO THAT HIS SPOUSE 'CAII f IUD nEAllIlIGFUL EnPlOYMEIII 3 AN AIiOnAlY ill THIS PROGRAM IS THAT IT DOES 1I0T AODRESS THE DESIRE Of H IIY SPOUSES TO AC tPT PARHln En LOYMEIII AS ArMS IIHllE SOKE POSITlCllS AilE IIDT AnEIIPBIE TO BEIIIG SHARfO OlHERS AIiE IlitlUOIliG AT LEASI OilE III THIS DRAFT' lUG OffICER'S SECiIOI liE HAVE WI IlIFORnEO THAT liE CAIIIIor HIRE TIIO OEPEIWE ITS fOR O E AlH fSIl POSITlOII AllOlllfiG EACH TO 1I0RK 20 HOU A VEER A REVIEII or THIS OEc SIOII IIHleH lit CAlllioT FIIIO HOOOIEO III AllY OF THE P EliSOIlUEl REGULATIOIIS IS REQUESTED • •• A lUMBER Of iHE IIm5 AT THIS POST ESPEC ALLY THOSE IIITH CHIIOREH OU SIO IIITER SIS OR REPRESEIITAIIOIIAL RESPO l IBILITlr ARE nOT II TEREHEO IH FUll TinE nPLOY Elll 8uT IIOULO VClconE lHE CHAII E 10 60TH AI lilA III THEIR JOB SKlll 1I0 t RII AGDITljllAl lIICOII£ 6Y YORKIIIG PARTTlnE 1 1 H rn ASSY AfM POSJTI II IIHILE PERMITTIIIG SUCH EMPLOYMEIIT OULO IITAll AOD TIO ql ACCOUIIIIIIG AIIO PERSOII IEI IIORI lIIAT O S IICl AP'£AR TO' BE All IHSURMOUIIT· ABLE PROBLEM THE ADV I UGES iO THE IS lOIl 1I0VlD APPEAR TO OUIIIEIGH IIY DISAOV IITAGES T EY IIiClUDE A IMPROI'EO fAIII lY MORPLE B THE PCTnl71Al FOR AllOWIVG HORE SP OUSES TO PARTlClpoH ' I TH AFH FPOGlD T U REDUCIIIG sanE or THE RIVI' lr I£ IID fR tTl jll' ' III tH HAVE DEVElOPfO 4T POSTS OVEH THE SELECTlOII Of nOPlE TO Fill AFn JOS C THE POHll I AL iOR II1CPEQ1EO OUT IIIUI TY all TH JOB AS T £ ArHS COULO V CATIOII CT OIHEREilT TIMES AIIO EACH H LT OF THE Jet COJIO BE FILL'EO AT A OIFFERENT ilNE S 1I0r THE E sr COl1510ERATlOII AI TKIS t PO T'S COII Ul R UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476885 Date 01 11 2018 co 6416 91 7 iED·-0 S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 L - 1 Doc No C064169 17 Date 10 11 201 - • DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlni on c 20520 'July 8 1977 I --------------'I Labor Affairs 86 86 Bureau of International Organization Affairs Room 5328 New State Department of State Washington D C • Dear I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---- This is a reply to your dissent message of June 13 '1977 Your dissent 'was directed toward the assessment contained in th State pepart ent telegram 13540 which described the final text of Director General Blanchard's letter as a success As you are aware since November 1975 the US policy towards the International Labor Organization has had the explicit goal of reforming the ILO's practices and procedures One of the specific points of reform the US sought was an end to the practice of condemning a state for political reasons extraneous to the proper purpose of the organization Likewise we sought assurances that procedures amounting to due process would be employed to ensure that condemnati'ons would be made only after the ILO had examined allegations with its own -investigative machinery The stated motive for our reform effort was the conviction that the ILO was no longer serving well the values it had been established to promote The change in our policy was precipitated by the fact that the organiza -'t -ion had condemned Israel's labor practices without complying with its own established procedures US strategy in pursuit of'these goals called for us 'to stake out a forward position on several issues and to seek progress independently on all We gave no indication of exactly how much or what kind of progress would be needed for U9 to stay in the ILO but the unstated assumption was that we would not'retreat from' our forward positions UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of §'tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 86 C0641691 TIED U S Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 DocNo C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 - -2- The Blan'chard letter that you cite was an attempt to moderate the issue' of a 1974 resolution tha condemned Israel's pra9tices without the normal prior investigation We had sought to bury this issue some Arab states were equally determined to keep it alive The Department's assessment of Blanchard's letter was that an adequate compromise h d been reached that would at least keep the Arab-Israeli issue from affecting our other efforts for reform • You dissent from the Department's assessment of this letter as a success and it may be that that assessment was premature The le tter was subsequently rej ected by the Arabs and' our refo'rm efforts fell short Nevertheless it is difficult to judge whether this outcome occurred because we were too moderate in our tactics or not moderate enough You ay be right that objections to the letter should have been voiced when it was read out in the Committee However the session had achieved the'results we wanted our moderation might have been cited as crucial t·o the success That this did not occur we think is not sufficient evidence to prove that the compromise contributed to our larger defeat If Post-mortems 6n our strategy are of course necessary and useful and we appreciate your offering your 'views thro gh the Dissent Channel Sincerely ·M · Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416917 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431966 Date 11 13 2017 ---- -------• -- ----------------------------------_________________________________J SECRET INCOMING Departnl ent of State PAGE 31 ACTION INFO o Oc'T'-'01 BONN 18742 TELEGRAM 10'10'57Z 150-0'0 10'1051Z NOV 77 550-03 326 W ------------------041361 ZFF 4 9846 lfiH1IIZ IRELEASE IN FULLI 16 FM AMEMBASSY BONN TO SECSTATE WASHOC NIACT IMMEDIATE 30'12 5 E C R BONN l8742 EXDI5 E O 1165 2 XGOS-3 TAGS ASEC PINS GW SUBJECT PLANNE O ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA REF STATE 269245 1 WE ASSUME THAT WE WILL ERY LIKELY BE RECEIVING MEDIA INOUIRIES ON USG POLICY AS REGARDS TRAVEL BY AMERICANS tOFFICIAL USG PERSONNEL AND PRIVATE CITIZENS I N THE NEAR FUTURE l F WE ARE SO APPROACHED ONL y REPEAT ONL Y ON AN IF ASKED BASIS PENOING FURTHER INSTRUCTIONS FROM OEP ARTMENT WE PLAN TO CONFINE OURSELVES TO A BRIEF STATEMENT BASED ON REF TEL PARA 3 AND REFER INQUIRERS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION O THE DEPARTMENT 2 PLEASE ADVISE ASAP DEPARTMENT' 5 INTENTIONS WITH REGARD TO I SUING A PUBLIC STATEMENT AND DEALING WITH MEDIA OUERIES IN THIS CONNECTION FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF OUR RELATIONS WITH THE FRG 'W URGE THAT THE DEPARTMENT MAKE THE POINT THAT WE ARE NOT IN ANY SENSE SINGLING OUT LUFTHANSA FOR SPECIAL TREAT ENT THAT IS TO SAY WE WOULD 'REACT IN SIMILAR CIRCUMSTANCES IN THE SAME AS IO TO A TERRORIST THREAT POSED TO ANY OTHER AIRLINE INCLUDING US AIRLINES 3 THE FOREIGN OFFICe HAS NOW ADVISEb uS THAT FOREIGN MIN STER GENSCHER WlSHES TO SEE THE AMBASSADOR ON THE LUFTHANSA MATTER ON AN URGENT BASIS AND AN APPOINTMENT HAS BEEN SET UP FOR NOON LOCAL TIME STOESSEL I I I • I I • SECRET I g 1I0T m DE RtPfloDUCED III THour THE I UTHORltr Tl0N f THE EXECUTIVE SECRetARY •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431966 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445931 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Nov ll 1976 I or 1 86 to SIP Winston r----' t --------' From Io LAS- '---_ _ _ _ _---' Dissent from the D pt's Policy of Having NED report privileged information to SY Subjec The Medical Division has set of operating procedures for MED hich are in-house and not published in the FA t or iny other place accessible to ·employees One of these SOP's r fers to the Exective Order on security clearances for government employees and states that all doctors examining State Dept employees will be on th lookout for information pertaining to the Executive Order and will report any such information to SY This SOP is a gross breach of medica ethics requiring information given by a patient to a'do tor to be held in confidence mployees being examined in MED should be free to discuss any health problem without fear that this will be passed to SY If employees w re aware of the SOP they would presumably cease to reveal information to MED and while this would prevent fED repor ting to SY it might endanger the employee's health since the doctor's exa l nation and diagnosis might be made on incomplete in ormati n • I ask that MED be instructed by the DG to cease reporting to SY'and that SY be instructed to refuse to Tecei ve any information fro m NED If the Dept declines to make this change t en I request th t a large sign be posted in the NED waiiing room and in all consulting rooms statin that MED reports to SY · Pa tients being examined oversea should also be informed of this Perhap the best'way would be to have each employee si n a statement at the beginning of a medical exam ' 1 j r stating he is aware that MED reports to SY - - - -- t ' -o rJJ J 1 j ji' - - - --- ' - -- -- - - --_ - - -- -' - -' I ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445931 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446546 Date 12 11 2017 Ii OUTGO I NG TELEGRAM LIMITED OFFICIAL· USE Depa tnlent f Stat PAG STATE 'I ' 2 561 825' ORIGIN SP m2 INFO OCT-OI ES OI ISO- '9 1 ''''4 R RELEASE IN PART DRAFTED BX SIP RJNEITZKE BMH APPROVED By'S P ALAKE S P-OF GFOX SIP RFEINSERG ARA NSOUTON HA HR CBSALMON 'JR DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONL Y - 86 ------------------'1 'QJ 89 271413Z 46 R 26l742Z SEP 78 FM SECSTATE WASt-IOC TO AMEMSASSY SANTO DOMINGO LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 244561 DISSENT CHANNEL -- FOR E O LI__________ I FROM SIP-LAKE ' 11652 NIA -'- TAGS N i 86 I SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MES SAGE ON 'NICARAGUA REF SANTO DOMINGO 5252 1 FIRST 1 WISH TO COMMEND YOUR USE' OF THE D ISSEN r CHANNEL rN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PROCEDURES YOUR MESSAGe HAS seEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POL ITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM THE AssrSTANT SECRETARY OF THE BUREAU OF INTERAMERICAN AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRE ARY OF'THE BUREAU OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS AND T E ADMINISTRATOR OF THE AGE CY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT I CAN ASSURE YOU THAT YOUR VIEWS WILL BE GIVEN PROPER CONSIDERATION IN OUR CONTINUING EFFORTS TO DEAL WITH THE CO PLEX AND FAST CHANGING SITUATION IN NICARAGUA CHRISTOPHER I - - -- i ' II MITE 0 0FFI CI Al ·U s'E UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446546 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476317 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN ALPART 86 CONF I BENT I l cp'trrtl1l en l Stcite r BOliN 1 101 8814 mGSII INFO OCT'OI AOS'O £S'OI ···--·-····-······O IOGO TELEGRAM BOHII mOl - 1416Sll IHE REASOII$ 1IKY iN IHSStllT CHAIIIIEL liAS III IH FIRST PlACE 1004 11 INCOMING E IABlISHEO 11181H 151 1 PROIIYI SUSnAIITIVE RESPOIlSE TO REffEl A IS REQUES EO YORK P I 4164 l AUG 81 f AIltHDASSY 60NII TO SECSTATE VASllot PRIORI IY 9348 e D II F I 9 II T I I L 901111 15 01 OISSEnT CHAIiNEl fOR SIP lOlFOIlITZ E O 120 5 GaS OS'U'87 IYORK CHARLES II OR' lAGS IONEI SUBJECT U S OlSlllrORNATlOH POLICY 011 SOUTH l BAIIOII EF tAl 60nll 6513 DTG 311UH AB 81 lSI STAlE 96526 OTG 15I81l APR SI I COIlFIOEHTIAl EllTlRE HU' 1 2 lHIS IS A OISSEIIT HAIIII l HESSAGE UNDER THE PROVISIOIIS Of II fAn 14l J IIRITllH sYI I I I RECon l1110ED OISTRIBUIIOIl III ADDITiOn 10 AUlonAIiC OISIRIOUTlOIl or OIS5 1l CHANIlEl E SAGE AS PROVIDED 8Y S fAn n lC I AS rOllOIf PA rOR Drp RIII£II PRESS srOKEsn III ilEA NEA ABII IIr AIIAI IIEA EGY IIEA ARP 10 UIIP IIIR IIiR RIIA EflSASSIE r l In VIV 'OEIRUT OAIIASCUS rJ 1 IRO AIID USUII B6 1 ' I IITIAl OISSEHI CHAUlln IIESSAGE REf Al liAS TRAII nITUO 1 AKCII 1101I'SUOSTAIIlIVE IlIIERln RESPOIISE FROII OEPAHlIIE T IKrr BI VAS T AIIS ItIED IS APR l OVER rOUR nOlll ' HM HOV LAP EO VIlHOUI SUBSI IIII VE RESPOII E - •• THr RECOIIl1EUOAIIOII 9r IHE ORIGlIlAl OI SE I tHAllnEl rS A lA 1 PlE 1HE _u OUGHr 0 BE CAIiOIO HI IT OEAIIIIG Villi 1 PRESS BOUI EvOlTS III SOlllH lUnliOIl nUC HA HAPPEIIED COIIC RlIlIIG O l LE6AHOII III IH IIIIERVEIIIIIG PER OU USG POll tY 011 -TilE ISRAElI'ARAD D PUIE MY Br III A OElICAI PHASE 'AND IIAY BC EVOlVING IKE BASIC PROPOSIfIOIl or THE OISSEIII ESSAGE HO ll VER IS 1101 AfFECIEO IlfAIEVER THe OIRECIIOII Of OUR POLICY IT CAll OIIL Y BE HElP O 8Y HOIIESI PUBLIC IlIfORHAlIOtl AS A fORnER CHAIRMAN Of IHE OPEn fORun RESPOII ilBLE FOR nOllllORlliG IHE OI IIT CHAlilln All CONVINCED THAI II ff CIIVElIlSS S UTlERl Y OEfEHDEH' 011 IIIE 1III£lI E Of OEPARlnEIII RESPOII S 10 OI l lIr nE' A E7 IHE OI JI1 CIIAIJIIU IS PRECISH Y DE lIGllfD 10 DEAL lIIH rA I·nDV II AIID KOT I SU A nOIlIK PA ' IIIIOU R POII C AN UE EVOLVE nllU IHE llIN 01' BOIK IHI OI II1 AHO Of THE OEPARIII I'S ' PO l lEnD 10 EVAPORAIE 6 IlERE OEIAY TO StconE IHE PAT JERn fOR DEPARtnENT R pDII fS 10 DIS Wl IHE DI il • CHAIIIIEl A All IH IIlUl On YOUlD BE HftClIVH Y OE IRO'tEO IHI OULO O fAR 10llARDS U TROYII IKE PRIIICIPlt or CREA lV MID OISCIPllIIED DI lmll IN THE OLPARlnE 1 or SIAIE A A 1I110tE IHIS COULD III TURN HAD 10 PR08LE I 1111 COllfIOElIIIAIIlr' AIIO SERVICE OIS PII E AIID OtltY OEtISIOIl- AKERS sanE or THE BEST Xl' RTI S AVAI1ABI E 10 THEn - CBNF' BEtH IAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476317 Date 01 11 2018 I co 641549 2 IED u s Department of StatelIUnl Case No F-2016-07743 I ULI1I I tiL Doc No C06415492 Date 10 11 2017 OUTGOING TELEGR My1 Depart71zent of Stc te PIIGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-iii 1 STATE 074560 150-0'0 aNy-eO 0218 0'03 R RELEASE IN PART DRAFTEO BY SIP GSAUSTIN va APPROVED BY SIP WALAKE SIP-OF NASDYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION - -_ SIP ONLY -- 86 ------------------0'42114 0 57113 70 R 042041Z APR 77 M SEC5TATE WASH C TO AMEMSASSY SUD PE5T CON F l O E N T I A L STATE 07456' 1 - STADIS I I ' II I I II I I DlSSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 SHUM SUBJ E CT RfOF FOR FROM LAKE GOS XX DISSENT CHANNEL ME SSAGE HUMAN RlGHTS ADVOCACY BUDAPEST 0' 137 1 THANK YOU VEBY MUCH FOR A THOUGHT PROVOKI NG AND USEFUL DISSENT MESSAGE ON HUMAN RIGHTS YOuR THINKING ON A WIDE V RI ETY OF POINT IS MUCH L IKE OUR OWN 2 · wE Ai'll WORKlf G ALONG A NUMBER OF LINES YC U SUGGESiEO THE SECRETARY IS CONSIDERING MAKING A SPEECH DEVOTED TO HUMAN RIGHTS HI IT HE MAY RAISE AND DISCU S A NUMBER OF THE ISSUES YOU RAISED SUCH AS THE TOOLS AVAILABLE·TO US AND THE PRACTICAL POSSIBILITIES FOR PROMOTING RI HTS THESE ISSUES ARE ALSO BEING STUDIED INTENSIVELY WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT AND THE RESULTING POL CY PAPERS S OULD REACH THE FIELD' SOON 3 YOU IMPLICITLY RAISED THE ISSUE OF THE RE LATIONSHIP OF POLITICAL RIGHTS TO MORE CLEARLY ECONOMIC RIGHTS WE ARE LOOKING AT THIS BECAUSE OF THE ATTENTION GIVLN IT BOTH IN THE UNIVERSAL DECLARATION OF HUMAI RIGHTS AND BECAUSE OF l'rs IMPORTANCe IN THE NORTH-S lUTH CONTEXT AND IN THE RATIONALE FOR OUR POLICY IN BILATERAL AID AND IN INTERNATIONAL FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS AS TO SETTING LIMITS ON US HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY THE PRESIDENT DID THIS WHEN HE SAID IN HIS MESSAGE TO PEOPLE OF OTHER NATIONS THAT WE WILL NOT SEEK TO DOMINATE rlOR DICTATE TO OTHERS WE ALSO INTEND TO MAINTAIN A BALANCE OF PUBLIC ACTION AND CUIET DIPLOMACY FINALLY YOUR POINT THAT THE GOVERNMENT l'dtJST HAVE A DIALOGUE WITH THE AMERICAN PUBLIC ON RIGHTS ISSUES ·IS WELL TAKEN SHOULD THE SECRETARY FINAL Y DECIDE TO GIVE A HUMAN RIGHTS SPEECH WE EXPECT IT WILL RECEIVE WIDE ATTENTION AND CONTRI UTE POSITIVELY TO THE QUALITY AND EXTENT OF OUR OIALOGUe' WITH THE PUBLIC AND CONGRESS WHICH HAS INCREASED AND IMPROVED MARKEDLY DURING THE PAST TWO MONTHS 4 5 AGAIN THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL ON THIS IMPORTANT SUaJECT VANCE CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415492 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641 7 05 I IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417051 Date 10 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE RELEASE IN PART 86 SIP MACASEY 2 18 77 S P NVELIOTES ·-S P RBFDJN --_···S p NBOYER SIP ONLY JIDDA ROUTINE STADISI DISSENT CHANNEL ·E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SA SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE-POLICY ON KIDNAPPING OF DIPLOMATS AND RANSOM REF JIDDA 1322 86 FORL I_---' FROM VELIOTES -SIP THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT PAPER ON THE· DEPARTME NT'S POlICIES ON KIDNAPPING AND RANSOM MR ' RICHARD FINN OF THE POLIC Y PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE Of A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTioN FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR FOR'T IC - __ POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN FOR THE OPEN··--· fORUM AS WELL AS THE DIRECTOR fOR COMBATTING TERRORISM ··WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUB- - MITTED YY L ------- --------- --- LIMI·TED OFFICIAL US E J _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417051 Date 10 11 2017 • ------ -- --------- CO 641698TIED --- --- - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - U_S Department of State Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 it C· y ll lt V 'It - U l' l f VJ J U · u t Ie ' 1-• • b 'JI' ' T b -' '0 ' 1 o c f - 40 1' i21 RELEASE IN PART B6 BEST COPY AVAILABLE IpORTIONS ILLEGIBLEI •• • # 1 '- E • u- ' •• - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 '13 Doc No C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 86 86 ---- ---- -- -- ------ ---------------- • r 1 • l - i ' l - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc_f Jo C06416983 Date 10 11 2017 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 11 13 2017 • -- II - - ' U U U U U UTIll OUTGOING TEL·EGRAM - OPTI NAL E OI M 1B5 6DrrfiellV D 322' OCRI ei t of Stale • OCRlll0·1 1 I _ liCK -- f 1I1J1l111 f1J ' r MIIN OTO SIGNATUFH f ' IJ 1 11E rI CIA 1 _ U SE CLASSlflC TlON S ECIAL CHARGES - J LE SE IN P T f - AZMR S D GPHlt t IPS ·SJ P CFARR'A R l J tr rAG 12 20 77 'X293CJI4 rEL EXt Sipr-Ai KE 'FFICE • l • RA RP P T80WIE 1 NAME _ t S P' 'OPEN FORUM DKINNEY NAMI AA LA' ECOY S Il DGOODC lEA NAME 4 RAN CE S CLEARANCES 6 8 t JMS CHNEID R DeSll Q OfSTlllBUTlON R·O UTINt EPI NCE INFO Ill AZ fH Cf DEr cE' • SPfClAL HANDliNG A D ' _DISSENT _CHANNEL FOR 1 - O r E - 11b52 N A I - - - _ _ • _ zq _ _ _ ACT10tJ ADDkES lES -- -- NFO ADOfo'fro f·· d F ROM SiP LAKE- -'- '- r T'ALS 'zr1- lt ·· C J Je TAGS 'SUBJECT AIFlD PROPOSAL FOR USG ASSISTANCE TOORIT D G MS - REF ' LA PAZ 8776 · WE HAVE STUDIED YOUR MESSAGE OBJECTING TO THE GRANT OF GOVERNMENT FUNDS TO ORIT ON THE GROUNDS THAT IT MAY DAMAGE THE IMAGE OF THAT ORGANIZATION SO MUCH AS TO OUTWEIGH THE 'BENEFITS Of AN EXPANDED PROGRAM us DIC '1 2 THE CONCERNS YOU EXPRESS WERE CONSIDERED BEFORE A DECISION WAS MADE AftER DISCUSSION AT THE TUNIS LABOR - ·AT1ACHE CONFERENCE WHERE YOU WERE PRESENt AND ffADE ESSEN TIAlLV THE SAME POINTS THE AID MISSIONS WERE ASKED FOR COMMENTS BY STATE CABLE 243004 OF THE TWENTY RESPONDERS f£ F URTEEN SUPPORTED THE PROPOSAL ABOUT HALf WITH SOME KIND RESERVATION AND SIX WERE NEUTRAL ONE OF THE lATTER - OF RECOMMENDED AGAINST ACTIVITIES IN THAT PARTICULAR COUNTRY -'l 6 ONLY THE MISSIONS IN ARGENTINA AND BOLIVIA EXPRESSED CON ERN ' I ASOUT ORIT ACCEPT·ING USG SUPPORT ' ¥ · 4 PRESUMABLY THE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS THEMSELVES WOULD BE TO THE KIND Of DAMAGE YOU WARN Of R DS T ORIT EXECUTIVE aOARD CONSIDERED THE J 3 a ' r- - II ' ' - • l 'J - ' t' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C053431517 Date 11113 2017 • 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 11 13 2017 ------ -- _ --- -- -C· l· ONA ruRM OtJtQOJ G TEL EGRAM I J ' tlr'tvoIiOI he ' • · t of St l j II '''' p - _ fi tt L_U E_ - ' ' - QuESTioN A' FORI'tAl THEY ARE lM TT£R NOT SEEM 1 5A · c I1 rly DS'32 A 0 - R - ' • - 1 ·7 -1- - _- f D2·t - 3 BEFORE-AUTHORIZING· ·THE· ·SECRETARY- GENER·AL·' io -' AKE REQUEST FOR ASSIST A·NCE AlfLD HAS ASSURED US THAT IlJORKING VERY ClOS-El Y WITH tHE AFle-eIO· ON·-THE • - ' THUS THOSE MOST Cl OSEL y ANI I IREC TL y INV OLV D ·DO TO FEAR THE CONSEQUENCES·OF USG·ASSISTANCE I 1 ' '4 FINAllY E BELIEVE I IS IMPORTANT TO 1AKE INT CON·SIl ERATlON THE EMPHASIS ON· HUnAN· RIGH·TS· iINCLUD ING -TRADE· UNIO'N lGHTS THAT CHARACT£lU·ZES· USG··ACTIVITY•• IN ·LAT·IN -AMERICA DE OCRATIC LABOR REPRESENTATIVES IN fHE AREA ARE bJElL AbJARE OF OUR ATTITUDE·S • AND ARE· IN· SYMPA-THY-·IJJITH THE RIGHTS ASPECTS Of US-LABOR HUMAN OLICY lHERt-lS-A NEM t t I t- 1 - ' • l OOD OF' TRUST AND CONFIDENCE -AND idE THINK US·-A·SSISTANCE TO ORtT CAN USEfULLY CONTRIBUTE TO llrHAT- THE · US- IS DO·I NG IN THE LABOR FIEL IF WE EXPECr AN-AUTOMATIC UNFAVORABLE f·· • REACTION blE ARE NOT bOING JUSTICE TO THE· BENEFIC-lAL· IMPACT OUR PO ICI£S AND' OUR ASSISTANCE CAN· HAVE f· I t THERE MAY BE DAMAGE T O THE· ORIT IMAGE IN SOME PERHAPS FOR EXA PL - ·In BOllY·IA 't THE· -CLEAR MAJORITY Of LABOR EXPERTISE FAVORS THE PR OGRAM AND EXPECTS THE 1 i ' BENEF TS o OUTIdEIGH THE CO·STS· · - • _ - 5 WHILE EGIONS I 1 L I' hlE O AGREE THAT THER COla» -BE A·· DANGER OF THE· SUB SIDY'S BECOMING TOO LARGE· AN ·CONTINUING· OYER ··TO·O LONG A - PERIOD · idE INTEND TO GlVE THESE -AND· OT·HER· SENSI·T IVE • • j 1 f J 'ASPECTS OF THIS PROGRAM CAREFUL ATTEN·r·ION AS· WE· P ROCE£D - _ 0 hlITH ITS IMPLEtlENTATION - • -• - _ r' b -A I 1 r '7' ' 'THANK YOU FOR SHARING ·YO·UR IDEAS·W·I-TH-US THRO UGH· THE j'DISSENT CHANNEL yy _ ''' 4 _ p it • ' t t • 1 t1 t j rJ • ' - ' t ' - Jo' • • ' I _-- U N9 I _SSIFIED t u s Department of State f 1 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431517 Date 1 1 13 2017 • of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 1Je1Jart1JZe1zt Or J taie· - l ifr em rE r Ii t'11 I J 11 thlklk t J 1H f RELEASE IN FULL · iEGRf T 6 I -01 t· CYF N ' AF m6 • _ 001 EUR-12 I OC 05 __ __ AID-05 a _D_ SCCT-01 1 61 W 342 6 n be ff 07 r-c a 75 FM N VCl MHIINIT ASMARA ETHIOPIA 70 CINCUSNAYEuR LONDON UK INFO S€CSTATE WASHINGTON DC 'lISr ItJCe UQ VAlhINGt N t t f ' I I IISt-H tr SHAPE '3 AMF MBASSY hDi lS 40AtJA ETHIt PIA UMNlVTELCOH JSHINGTON DC 'NAV OHHSTA GR ECE NEA MA RI GR AMCONSU n NSA ASMA A ETHIOPIA D fT r EO G MEADE t Q' T NOFQRN 'l N 3 00Ij ASMARA -- ' g '-g U S TR P 900Z CU ALI TRACTS QUIET NF THE fO LOWING IS A SUMMARY OF TH FEELINGS 'Or THf THIOprANS OWAROS AMF RICANS AS OBSERVED By NAVCO MUNIT PERSONNE CONV RSATIO WI H l OCAL NATTO IAl EMPLOYEES ANO SEClllHTY GUAi D COMMANOI l POl ICE PRnVIOED BY UCAL GUV'T q E Akf T READING A NARRO LINE 8 TWEEN TH A E TWO Sln SQ LOCAL POPU JCE MAMK T PL CE Sf EMS FRltNULY ANU TWO RUfLEFA 465 SEC HE I PJ 'UL v S ALL BOY VLlLLlNP tR TIP AND' APD Ak Hl M K€SH FT E T TO N FORN l'lATCH l UARDJ YOUR CAR FOR NOMiNAL Tn gE SINCERE IN ATCh1NG ONE CRIPPLED MAN JS S CHurCH TO WARO OFr PFUPLE WNO AIT MPT CHOwO AkOu 0 AR TO aEG wt flY SHALL u s FLAG FRGM MUST CAMS IN TOwN A O T fY ORAW A CROUO fNEV R STOPS ARE Anf IN POORER' SECTIONS AND ARO N0 MA ET HOWEV P LOCAL ATI NAL LN fMPLDYEES Of CLU ·AND SUMi COMMANOO PuLIC CP HAVE ADVIS D u s SAILORS ' YOU A E QtAU ' IF YOUR GO VI' t'R JVlnES AODLTIOf' lAL AM n Ar- O ·I LLlTARY SUPPl ltS Tu THlnpIAN' UVTno wE 9P CT MO T ARE tLf LF JYMPAThI ERS AND SuME' HAv A CTUAL L 'l1t ME t RS OF E F I'lf HAVE aNt 'LN EMPLOYEt I'I HO hAS 6ESRET 1 _ _ _ n r-r I on O 1 052 - ••-1t ' - __ -' o _- 'f'-''''''' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445664 Date 12 11 2017 _ III y U OVEQ T HT u hA peTu S FT i P _N u v AND AT THACT Tu TOWN HMY ATTITUO£ H GA r HIL E UPTtD I EvERYNIGHT A FIRE F GMT ij F OM WnkK PRIOR Tu tUwFfW Oh UTHE FO pAST EFK R EU P CtNl P S5AGE Of CISCO tM l YfF u ET IOPIA PRu8LEMS rd N I Hrs HAVt dEtN IRUU S ENCOU T R D I SAFE TO TRACl EHE 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Departnl ent of StaW SECRET PAG£ III BOliN L8171 aL OF 92 HIlS26Z INCOMING TELEGRAM RELEASE IN FULL Bellill 1m 1 III OF 111 1IJ152H ACT ON' § ll l us orlE INFO oCT-al 150-00 sso-eD ' 926 I ----------------- 1146SS9 '0 101514l lOV 17 IFF 4 FH AIIEMBASSY BOWl TO SECSTATE UASHOC IHA T III I£DIAlE 3922 1015291 146 6 E G RET SECTIon 91 OF 92 BOlin 1a711 XOIS E O 1l652 XGD$-3 TAGS liSEe PillS Gil SUBJECT PlAIINED ATTACKS 011 lUFTHAUSA' REF AI STATE 26SZ4S Bl BOIIH 18742 GEIISCKER DESCRIBED III ConSID£RABl 4 COMNEIIT 011 THE FRG STATE E T GE lSCHER STRESSED THE POIlITS THAT THE rRG'T OH THE THREAT SER IOUSt Y AIID THAT I THAD I lST I TUTED ADD ITIOI AL SECURITY MEASURES TO DEAL IIITH THE StTUATIDlI HE THEil REITERATED HIS REQUEST THAT THE USG TAME Hno ACCDUIIT m rRG STAT HENr IIHiCIt HAD SEtIl ISSUED AS A DIRteT RESOl r Of T E REAII-V 1 STADEII conVERSATIOII I SAID AlID THAT I KElPFUl TO lIE PlAIUlED I 1I0ULD BE 5 I I HAO A HAU-HOUR MEETIIIG IIITH fOREIGN HIIHSTER GEHSCHER AT lIoon TODAY GEIISCHER RHERRED TO YESTERDAY'S CO IVERSAT I 011 BEillUII THE DEPARtMErH AIID VON STADE AIID EXPRESSED THAIIKS FOR OUR COtiFIRHATlOIl OF THE IIliORMATIOU IHE GERMAIIS HAD RECE IVEO ABOUT POSSIBLE THREATS TO lUFTHAIiSA HE ASKED IF THE ADDITIOIIAL MATERIAL 011 THE CASE lHICH THE O PMTMEIIl HAD HEIlllOllEll TO VOtl STADEIIIIAS VET AVAILABLE I SAID It£ HAD ItOT YET RECEIVED IT BtlT OU10 GET Ii TO HI 1 AS SOOIl AS POSSIBLE SIIICE MY flEETING IIITH GEl SCHER liE RECE IVED THE IlIrORMAT on AIIO ARE NO l • PASS IIIG IT to HIN I 2 IGtl SCHER oro rl oT HOI EVER SPECIFICAllY REQUEST THAT US lOT REPEAT 'lOT ISSUE A STATEtlEln 1 GENSCHER THEil READ HE THE T£l T or THE GERMAlj STA1EHEln SEIH SEf'TW THAT I ll00LD REPORT OUR conVERSATlOr IIEllEVEO THE FRG SllUEMEIH lIOUlD BE US I ADDED THAT I 010 IIOT KlIOII HAT TO 00 AS RtGAROS A SrATI HE T BUT TKAT Il lDUCH lIlTH lHE FORE IGil HIIiISTRY 011 O TAll tHE ExmlSIVE ADDITIOnAL SECURITY HEASUR£S oorn 11I1HIII GERIIAIIY AND ABROAD tHAT »AVE 8WI II1S1 TUTED TO DEAL IIlTH THE THREAT HE IIOTED tHAT THERE HAD BEEII DIHICUI TIES IIITH ALGERIA AlID SAID A DELEGAtlOIl HEADED BY It STATE SECRETARV III THE 1111llSTRY OF IIITERIOR IIOUlD BE GOWG TO ALGERIA AT THE IlEEKEIID FOR I1EETI IGS 011 IHE SUBJ'CT III RESPOHS TO HY QUESTlOtl GEIISCHER SAID LlaVA HAD PROVED MOST COOPERATIVE III RESPorlOlllG TO FRG REQUEStS FOR ASSISTAIICE 1 1 SECURITY HATTERS 3 TURllIflG TO THE READ-VOII STADEl C lIlVERSATI ON GEIlSCHER REFERRED TO OUR IIfTEl TIOtl TO AOVISE US GClVERIiHElIT PERSOlmEl TO REFRAIII FROII US IfiG UfTHAIISA HE A SO IIOTED THE INPORTArIC£ OF CONGRESS IOIlAl COlleERII FOR THE SAFEty O TKE lRAVtL IJIG PUBLIC AS A FACTOR III OUR APPROACH TO lUI PHOBlEt1 GEl SCHER SAID HE UIIOERST01JD FRDII lIolI STADEWS REPORHtIG THAT TKE OEPARTHWT THOUGHT n lIlIUlD BE DESIRABLE IF tHE fRG IIERE TO ISSUE A IIAIWIIIG 1I0TlCE r IRST HE COMMENTED THAT THE ADD I r JorlAL SECUR ITY PRECAUTI OIlS THAT HAvr BEEN TAKEII WOULD IIDT MAKE TH BIGS EASY FOR TERROR f SiS BUT OF COURSE HO OIlE cOULD G ARAlHEr CO PLETE SAFETY fROH TRE VARIOUS POSSISlE THREATS liE FULL Y UIIOERSTODO US COIICERNS HE STRESSED I II THE I1ATTER or A IIARUIIIG 1I0TleE TO THE US PUBLIC Ht MAoE llll POUlTS OHE TERRORISTS lOUlD SEE FROII THE ISSUAIICE Of SUCH A UARUIflG TKAT THEY 1I0UlO BE ABLE TO £XERT rRESSURES 011 AIIIl illES GWERALl Y IIlClUDIrlG US liNEs THIS liAS A FACTOR THAT liE lOUl D UIIOOUBTEOL Y III SH TO COliS IOER TIIO HE ASKED TH T ' COIISJOEIlIt' UanKER TO ISSUE A STATEI1£tlT OF OUlt Ol H lIE TAKE HITO AeCO 11T THE STATEHElIT WleH THE fRG liAS ABDUT TO ISSUE HE SAID HE UNDERSTOOD FRON THE READ-VOII STABEU CONVERSATIOII Til AT A FRG STATEMEnT MIGHT ELiMIIfATE THE flEW FOR SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 Date 11 13 2017 U S Department of State Case F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 11 13 2017 No Date __ 1 -SEBRE-t- ' DejJartnlent Of State E X 0 I S • ill K I • • • I • • • I INCOMING PAGE 01 ACTION § § ll INFO o OCT-01 BONN 18771 ISO-00 02 OF 02 r01523Z 550-00 026 W ------------------046876 101514Z NOV 77 ZFF 4 FM AMEM6ASSY BONN TO 5ECSTATE WASHDC NIACT IMMEDIATE 3023 i TELEGRAM '___ 0488 101529Z 46 e eRE T SECTION 02 OF 02 BONN 18771 EXDIS THlS POINT AS SOON AS WE HAD ANYTHING TO ADD I ASKED HOW SERIOUSLY THE FRG TOOK THE THREATS AND GENSCHER CONFIRM O THAT THESE WERE TAKEN VERY SERIOUSLY INDEED I ASKED IF THE FRG HAD ANY MORE PRECISE IOEAS ON POSSIBLE TIMING OF A TERRORIST ATTACK GENSCHER SAID THEY HAD RECEIVED DIFFERENT VERSIONS ON TIMING ONE THAT AN ATTACK WOULD BE AFTER THE 15TH ANOTHER THAT IT WOULD 6E BEFORE THE 14TH HE SAID IE WAS INCLINED TO THINI THAT THE FORMER WAS TH£ MORE LIKELY POSSIBILITY BUT HE 010 NOT CLARIFY THE BASIS FOR THtS JUDGMENT GENSCHER WAS RELAXED AND CALM THROUGHOUT OUR MEETING WHICH WAS JAMMEO INTO A 8REAK IN HIS 81LATERAL TALKS WITH FRENCH FOREIGN MINISTER DE GUIRINGAUD 6 7 IN LIGHT OF MY MEEToING WITH GENSCHER AND THE GERMAN STATEMENT WE WILL ONLY REPEAT ONLY IF ASKED STATE THAT THE MATTER OF THE THREATS TO LUFTHANSA IS UNDER CONSIDERATION IN WASHINGTON AND WE WILL NOT REPEAT NOT PENDING FURTHER INSTRUCTION BASE A STATEMENT ON REF A PARA 3 I HAVE NOW SEEN THE ADDITIONAL MATERIAl WHICH WE GAVE THE GERMANS AND HAVE THE IMPRESSION THAT IT DOES NOT ADO APPRECIABLY OR SUBSTANTIVELY TO PREVIOUS INFORMATION AVAILABLE StOESSEL 8 II • • SEBREf 1l0T TO BE REPi ODUCED IIlTkour THE AUTHllRll4T1o r OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431968 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445964 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Nov H 1976 Dear Ir Lord Thank you for informing e of the SY story in th newsletter which will inform employees that their participation in third-party intcr iews is oluntary The degree of resistance which SY has shown to admitting the voluntary aspect indicates how un nthusiastic S i about j nforming employees of their rights I can think of no reason why this information should not h ve been routinely communicated to employees except that SV might then find employees not participating in interVicws · hich 'ould in turn mean that some SY offi ers would have start doinp SOJllC useful ork ins tead of collecting gos ' ip A colleaBu 0 f ine just read his SY file and found yards and rard of reports fill d with such igcificant data as r X s wife is short and rat 0 vie oJ of SY' s reluctance in this field - and knowing that not all em ployee' s ill remember the net· sletter ' toty the next timc they are interview d by SY ould you find out whether the SY manual for SY officers is being amended to req'uire SY to inform emplorees at the bcgilming of interviel' s of the vol untary natuz -e of hc situation The SY manual no ' contains an indication that t e interviews are voluntary but the manual is classified and I suspect SY officcrs will continu not to infor employees unless SY specific lly orders officers to do so the first step in the intervicN I l 'ould pr er that employees bc asked to sign a statement along the lines At the beginninJ of an interve ' by SY Officer X r 'as informed th t my participation was voluntary In I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445964 Date 12 11 2017 86' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN OO i' i U ell I Departnzent oj' State P GE 01 OF 02 ORIGIII SP'Ol INFO Der'OI TELEGRAM STAtE 2om6 IDH SlATE 2G52S6 PARTBSUUluUINTl - jf AYY 150'00 Our'CD IDOl R • 6GOIT DRAmD BY S P RJlltITZK APPROVED BY SIP Jn ITlKE OESUEO OISIRI6UTI II S P OIlLY' ••• • ••• ·········09$SU lsO m 110 R 1420UI AUG 7S • FII SECSIAT£ I ASHOC TO CliO USCIIICSO c u I BEll T I A I $lATE lD51S6 PI SSEIIT eHAIlHELllllllIllIlllllllIllllllllllI1JIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII rOllOlllllG REPEAT OUEIIDS AIRES nn ACTlOIl SECSTATE II AUG 71 QuOT • II Fie fliT I A t OUEIIOS AIRES n7 DI SS£l1l CHAIIIIEL E O 11652 GDS TAGS SHun 1lR II Ol PilI SUBJECT 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till IT ARY GROUPS nESSAGE TO THE CHO AliD USC IIICSD REF BI 3 DACKGROUIID ••• III EARLY JULY IIAVY DEPUTY SECREIARY GEIIE Al LUCKETTA APPROACHED HSASSY 0 1 POL I TICAL lEVEL TO 'OISCUSS ARRAHGIIIG HEETIIIGS fOR ADHIRAl HASSERA VIIH SEIliOR USI OFFICIALS QUillllG PROPOSEO PRIVA1£ YISIT TO THE UIlITED STATES AT cor ClbslOIi or HA SERAS YISIT TO V£IIElUElA lOCAL PRESS III III D JUL ¥ CARRIED STDRY THAJ HASSERA PlAlillED TO UIIDERGO EXI£IIslVE HEOICAl UAHIIIAIIOn At IIAL T£R REED HOSP ITAl 011 JULY 19 lUCHETTA CALLED ON AHBASSAOOR REGAIlOIHG ARRAIlGIIIG us ftHlIlIGS AIID In ABSEUCE DEPARTED ENCOUR GEI £II1 SAYInG Ht BELIEVED VISIT IIGUlO 'BE CANCElLED SUBSEOUEIITLY lUCHETTA IIlrt CnrO 'nBAssr pOLorr THAT' HASSERA VI S IT IIAD BEElI-CALL ED orr 0 • mEXr Of POLITICAL PROBLE IS ARISING FROII EXI t 'IHS CREDIT REFUSAL THIS GUESTlO 1 IS FILLED IIITH STAAl HEll ARGunWTS HERE 'ARE A rEII rOR EXTEIIDIHG THE IIlUIIAflOII AI 1I0T TO EAIEHD THE IIIYlUflOl1 UIlL BE SEEII GOfH AS AHOTH£A SLAP AT THE 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TO SUPPORT REY ISSUES lIED TO IHPROVIIlG THE HUIiAiI RIGHTS SITUATIDN III ARGEIITIIIA SPECIFICAllY HE HAS URGED THAT THE lin IfARY FORCES RECOGIII LE PUBLI Cl Y IHE IR SECRET PRISOIIERS tHAI THE IIl1tR·AHrRlCAIl HUIIA RIGHTS COh ISSIOIi BE IHVIfED TO VISIT ARGEHTIIIA THAT THE JUIITA HAiIO 001111 FlRII SEIITtHCES OR RELEASE PERsons BE lUG HELD unDER EXECUTIVE DETEIITlOII 81 tHE GOVERflHEllT'S STAfE or SIEGE POIIERS --- BNFIBENTIAl l - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446547 Date 12 11 2017 om ------ -- ' L' --------- D --- ·ca ag r g z -----LrO I UU mu e Jartlnent oj State PAGt 01 OF PI STATE TIELEGRAM lom6 OR BY ITS 81ll or ATTAIIiOER AUTHORITY UIIOER THE ACtA INSlITUCIOIIAI THAT JACODO TIIIIRHAIl BE RELEASED AIID HOST InPORTAIIHY HE HAS PUBLICLY PROPOSED THAT IHE IIILI1ART SERVICE PUBtI SH A LIST or THOSE KILLED In BAmE III THE liAR MAIIIST SUBVERSIOIf IIASSERII HAS TAKEII THESE posITIons BECAUSE Ht EIIVES THEY ARE GOOD POL IT leAL ISSUU III ARCEIITlIIA BUT THEY ARE ALSO PROPOSALS THAT VE' SUPPORT AS Hn tUHCllIS 11 OUR HURAII RIGKTS tFfORTS HERE A fLAI lOll-LEVEL REJECIIOII OF THE IIAVY-TO· IAVY VISII BY THE OIlLY OFF ICIAl III THr JUUU WO IIIDtPElllIEllTlY HAS SUPPORTED A UnSER OF OUR KEY POLICY COIICERIIS HERE IIiVITU • PERHAPS OEHAHOSI lESS rUTUU ErrORT fROII HIn all THESE I SSUES IE SHOULO BE RECOGIII urlG AIID EIICOURAGIIlG HIS ACTlOIIS 01 ALTHOUGH IHC ARIIY Vlll HOT BE PLEASED VITH A IIASSERA INVITAIIOII IT I lll IIOT BE A HAJOft D£TtRIIIII II1 or GOA POL ICY fOllARDS lHE US IN COOHPARISOn TO THE US'S ClOSlIlG 001111 THE lUll IIII1DOll ASSISTAIIT SECRETARY OERUIIS'S $TRAIGMr fORIIARD TESllnOIlY 011 ARGEIITlIIA all AUGUST 9 AIIO THE UPCOIIIIIG HUIIPHREY KEIIIIEOY AHEIIOllElIT IIlIICH IIILl CLOSE IHE IIIUIARY SUPPLY OOOIS All IIIVITAIIOa TO IIASSERA llll BE A SHALL EI'EIII FEll PRIIICIPALLY AnOIlG THE ARGEllflllE ARHY'S HADERSHIP BUT A RtJECTlOlI UNLtSS HOST CARtrULLY HAlIOlED COULD lELl BE All EIIBllltRllIG EVENI FOR IHE AOIIIRAL RECOHHEIIDATlOII-- AHIDSI All 1Ht SIRAl HEII IHERE IS OIlE ARGUrnEl1I lIHICH STAIIDS OUT GEll1ltnEII IArlD ESPEC I ALL Y OIPLOIIUS AIfD IIAVAL OFfiCERSI IIEYER UlIlHl£nT 10llALlY IIISULl rOR OVER A HOIITN HERE AIID III lIASHlIlGTOlI THE ARGEllTIIIE NAVY HAS SEW SIGIIALlIIG fOR SOliE SORT OF A IIA5 tRA VISIT IE A E PAOPOS A CURT RESPonSE SV£ PIIIG ASIOE All THE ARGUHEIIIS IE ARE ABOUT TO IIiSULT PERHAPS UUIIII£IIT10IlALlfl IHE AOIIIRAl AIIO THE ARGEIITIIIE IIAVY lIE CAli 00 DEHER THE CNIJ SHOULD PAEfERABL Y EXTEI D THE IIIVITATlOII· OR Al TERIIAIIVEL Y COnVEY A GOlDEII TURIIDOYH UITM A PERSOIIAL LElIER AIID OR PHDIIE CAll EXPRESSING HOPE THAT FUTURE lEE IIIIG5 CAli BE ARRAlIG D I IIH THE CIIO AHO SEIIIOR STATE DEPARTnEIIT OFfICIALS III ADDItIOIl IHE CliO SHOULD COIISIOER ·All EARLY IIIVITATlQII TO HASSERA 'S SUCCESSOR AOHIRAl LAIIBRUSCHIIII v IOSE DAUGHtER IIA S RECEIITLY KIUED III BOH8 A ACK HEREI 7 COIlClUS 1011 -THE IIA OR ISSUE IIlIICH THIS RUSHED CABLE DOES 1I0T ADDRESS IS HOV IHE USG SHOULD DEAL IIITH OPPOSITIOII AIID HUIIAII RIGHIS GROUPS III ARGEIITlIIA TO PROIIOTt OUR HUHAII RIGHTS AIID OTHER POll CY OBJECT I VES ASS ERA IS OP HlY STABIIIIG All OPPOSITlOII OVEnEIIf HERE HE IS SPEAKIIIG VEgYOAY CAR£rUllY SEPARATlIIG HIHSELF fRO THE VIDElA GOVERIIHEIIT 011 T I O ISSUES--THE ECOIIO·HY AUD 10llTlCAL NDRHAlIlATlOII HE 110 DOUBT $EES A HIGH VISIBILITV VISIT TO THE US AS Of IHPORTAIICE TO HIS POLITICAl PlAIiS OUR RESPOIISE SHOULD BE CAREfULLY TAILORED BY THE FUTURE DIPlOIIATlC PATHS liE IIILL IIISH TO fOllOIl HERE Aj A IIIHIIIUH IE SHOULD KEEP OUR OPTI08S OPEII OUR COlD SHOULDERIIIG Of THE nASSERA InVITATlOII IS 1I0T THE SKILLFUL RUPOIISE I BELIEVE THE SITUAIIOII OEnAIiOS liD HARRIS IlESSAGE CASTRO UIIQUOTE CHRISTOPHER· 8 0NF I BENT At UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06446547 Date ·1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476318 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 j J · 'eeNFIBENTIAL J · 'S P CAtLEGRONE AG 8117 a1 EXT 22 2 S P JROCHE I I tS P CF A IRBANKS J i t 1 •C -t J BONN ROUTINE -J 1 1 '1 DISSENT' CHANNEL f R ---11 fROM L I_ _ b 2 DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE· - SOUTH LEBANON IIJIAtIfl I ' I CONFIBENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT • 1l J' Jf 1'3 PLEASE ACCEPT OUR SINCERE APOLIGIES FOR THE' UNDUE DELAY 'IN COMPLETING OUR SUBSTANTIVE REPLY THE RESPONSE SHOUL ' l ' R S H T URED THAT THE DELAY IN NO WAYtoREFLECTS ' ANY DIMINUTION IN THE DEPARTMENT'S COMMITMENT MAINTAINING THE PRINCIPLE OF CREATIVE AND DISCIPLINED DISSENT ENVISIO'NEJ IN' THE 'DISSENT CHANNEL 'SYSTEM YY _ ' -• YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE HAS STIMULATED CONSIDERABLE HE'ALTHY DISCUSSION IIJITHIN THE DEPARTMENT UNFORTUNATELY SEVERA MAJOR DEVELOPMENTS IN LEBANON HAVE fORCED DELAYS' IN PREP ARING A COORDINATED REPLY ADDRESSING THE ISSUES YOU ' IHAYE R ·ISE» • t - 1' 'B6 JR r ' CA L Cfr TA S REFERENCE 4 ' SIP ·ROCHE GDS a L11Gb ROCHE JAMES ' 'SUBJ ECT 1· _ ceNFIDEN'IAL t·· - 1··· • · ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476318 Date 01 11 2018 CO 64154 94 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415494 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J SIP MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-10-77 S P AlAKE S P G AUSTIN S P NBOYER S P SVOGELGESANG r I SIP ONLY I I ROUTINE I _ BUDAPEST ___ • _____ 4 __ • _ _ _ _ STADIS IiSE Ni C-HANNEL I -FOR L_ _ _ _--- JIFROM··l- K -S po - Tl MAC E O 11652 N A f lLt TAGS SHUM HU SUBJECT REF A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BUDAPES T 43·7· 8 1 t f1 HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY GA SV' ' V NB ' - ' BUDAPEST 747 1 I-REGRET- ·THAi -DUE 'TOAN-ADt'liNIS-i7 AiIVE °ERROrf -'you'R- DISSENT CHA-NNEL - MESSAGE-O N' iur iANRI·GHTSADVOC-ACYW·AS NOT ACKNOWLE GED UNTRNOW MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICESOF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT·CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED y L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case 'lo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415494 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641692 O IED - --_ _-_ - - - _ - - - - - - - - - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 t o Pc IUJ DelegationJune 3 1 I IRELEASE L IN PART B6 ¥disagree with the Dep t I s tel gram r ff'O stating the agreement on the Blanchard letter is a success I think it is a defeat for the following reasons BEST COPY AVAILABLE LArab vs US substantive objectives on the Arab -Israeli issue the Arabs won A background chronology 1 the D rector General's report as issued was acceptable to us in the section dea'ling with this subject 2 The Arabs wanted to kee he 1974 resolution alive either by introducing a new resolution or by having the Director Ge al make some stat nt about it see events in early May whn Arabs were trying to introduce a resolution before the May 15 deadline see also Tripoli conference 3 The Arabs ultimately d not introduce a new resolution therefore we must focus on the DG letter as it relates to the Arab objective of keeping the 1974 resolution alive ' ' Draft One was acceptable to us but re j ected' by the Arabs D aft Two was rejected by us but accepted by the Arabs see reporting telegram '-I $'r para 2 quoting USREP Horowitz J statement at staff meeting morning of 'June 9 in which he stated that a tripartitie USDEL had told Blanchard that Draft Two was unacceptable because the wording gave life to the 1974 resolution the Govt of Israel also had r ected it ' Draft Three was acceptable to us but rejected by the Ar bs Draft Four was unacceptable to s but accepted by th rabs Draft Four became the final letter We are on re'cl b d as accepting it by our silence when the President of the ILC asked i there w re any objections ' ' - r' UNCLASSIFIED U S _ Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 86 1j6 CO 16920 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416920 Date 10 1112017- -- ' ' ' • • t •• B Assessment in the contest between the US and the Arabs to see whether the DG's statement on the issue substitute for a resolution would be theirs or ours we lost according to the statement of the USREP the morning of June 9 reporting the views of the tripartitie USDEL Subsequent to the issuance of the final letter some press accounts have apparently said it was a victory for the 'US even though the USREP in Geneva refused to comment 'see USIS tel gram of JunejJ 3 Also the Dept issued ' a telegram saying the Blanchard letter was a success Neither the press nor the Dept was fully informed of the sequence of events and the fore these first reaction comments are not necessarily final hope hat when the Department is fully informed and when it reads this dissent memo the Department will re assess the outcome on this issue and come to a different conclusion II-The second reason for saying the agreement on the letter is a defeat is that in the context of our reform efforts we have been urging our friends to stand by their principles and not 'give in to pressure or 0 alona solidarity The mo era e ra s agreed with us on braftfThr'ee but the radical Arabs pressured them the moderates gave in UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 co 641692 O IED - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 743 Doc No c06416920 Date 10 11 2017 ' e best scenario would have been the the DG's original report on the issue hav been allowed to stand with no supplementary state mt letter The ILC President would then either have had to rule any Arab resolion out of order or give in to pressure and allow a resol bion Either waw e should have had a test case which would have let us see f JOW all countries not just thefrabS would behave No doubt they are all atly rel ed at having been let off the hook by Our __ epting the letter they did no have to tand up and be counted even though had told them that we would be seeking r public support on this ssue Ag in a defeat for a basic US Objective Another defeat we have been telling Blanchard that we expect to take strong stands to have the ILO adhere to bacic principles e had reached agreement on Draft Three and he had signed it as the inalUletter and he had told the Arabs he could do no more Under 9ressure from the Arabs he gave in which is the pattern he has Lowed in the past surrendering to whichever bloc pushes him the hardest Although the USREP has said the final letter was the we could get and anyway i t was not our letter but Blanchard's I disagree on both points we do not know what would have happened if we had rejected Draft Four - we might have won and in any case it was no longer Blanchard's letter from the time he first showed someone a draft and began making changes in response to pressure Sinc lanchard caved in this was a defeat A1s our credibility was weakened since apparently the USREP and other members of the UOEL accepted a omise from Blanchard that in return for Our going along w 1 '1-4 the Arab version of the let'ter he would state in 1978 and 1979 that he had taken no more steps on the 1974 resolution We therefore partiCipated in his decision to go along with the Arabs and must share responsibility with him by our having entered into negotiations with him shared in his decision to surrender to Arab pressure We could have ld him we rejected the letter and let him deal with the consequences ---------- - ------ --- - _- --------- ------- - ' ' --_ _--- ---- -- _ _ _ _ _1 ____ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _'- -- _ - • ••• j _ _ _ -- '--' _ -- ' ·-···C- -s ·· · ·F_ - ·6 743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State __ co 641692 O IED - _ - ' - - - - - _ _ - - - - - - - U S Department of State Cas No F-2016- 774 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 - ' - l T -- - ------- '-- ------------ --------------'-'-'- IV Linkage there is implicit in remarks made by the USREP t several staff meetings and reported in several telegrams that there 5 an informal but ciear linkage between the final outcome on the Arab Israeli lette and progress on Article 17 i e we held p any ction on A ticle in hopes the Blanchard letter would 'be acceptable to th rabs and we let the Arabs know that by our accepting the Arab language-in the letter they in'turn uld be helpful on Article 17 This kind of linkage-bargain-package is _lrecise1y w cIwe have been telling Blanchard and others is unacc ptable because we w t each issue treated on its merits O' ••••• •• ' _ ---r •• _ ' • - ' _ --- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416920 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05TIED U S Department of State case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 y rf tJ REB'S RELEASE IN PART 86 ocr 01 INFO ES 0i i'Q i 0 _ R 1 llIe4ei 6' 'L F M 'TO ·•• ••••• ••• ····· ··le1504z · ' MgM ABSy ' lOO _ S C8T T E WASHoe '7 0e 'e o N f i t 'UO'E N'T X A L JlOOA - 1 22 1 ' -- M ' t u _ J• t _ ' ••• STADIalllllllllllllllllllllll 1111111 I J _ r %8 MESSAGE 'TRANeM ' _ I _1 '-1'''- • • 1 -rn --- - -- - 'n 15 R QUE Tgp TH T 1%T· a P DEPARTMENT AP I Te 61 teS NT eH NN L lgWPOJN QF 0 RtAT P'O ICY EVE S IN THe ou- 8UMMA Yi Hi i $HARE 'THE O C R PF j8e oRIGi TORS Q 'REET l e My Da p P AQ A CQNs Da TlotLOF T E_ Q EeO e POaSleL RE U Te OP A Pg t ' T 6T'R ROS T RRQ ISTe OR K ON PPER ttN_A Y_WAV 'FQRCE ME TQ M' • EX Ress T E J'PL OWING 3PMMe n NP 'Q XN%CN THAr CQN·· ' LICT W TH 'THE $UgG SlxgN O BeSFECTEA 'COLL A@ugs 'TO l jA 'TH I P ESE T ePL I eV 1 QQ I gwe ye R BE t·E vE TH T THB rI TERRQRX T PoLICy eEEN Re %SS IN 'THE 1 c ' QF _P' NUAV i AFT R·AcnpN u o MIOH FEEL I _EF ECT D WO LO AL$O O T R T RRORISM AGAINST MY COL A U S END·eUMMARV ___ _ _ _ _ _ ___C01 E_NT t h _ _ _ ________ w- _ _• _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077i3 poe No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 86 - - --- --_ - - ----- -------- - --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 c 0 41 705 3 IED u s Department of State·C se No F-2016-07743 •• r£1 109 4 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 l CONFXC NTUL E-l PAGE 03 rx o E- r£1 Q k t rJ' - 86 4 WHy TH S E PHA i ON RtTBiiUTIQN ·a C U g SOM 'TE1 RORUTS CAN BE e Xp EeT Q TO p'e II'ORM TH CE O NOT II'OR MON Y OB RAN$OM O ELE 3E CO T RRORi Te _eUT TO PRAW T e QRLOtS ATT NTION TO HAT T EY CONelO R PO T C I JVSTI E OR F RUSTR TIONS •• P RH PB T E_O Y QET RRENT II'OR THESE IS 'THE THREAT OF R TR euTtON OF - PORTER 1 • - - - - __ I IIL _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stale Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417053 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476893 Date 01 11 2018 ' IRELEASE • c IN PART 861 ' UNCLASSIfIED ' lIP' HJONES CJR S 16184 X29 2 I ·S P PI ffJUIN I ' pI0f JREINERTSON j I' PRIORITY SEOUL DISSENT CHANNEL FOR £ 0 12356 TAGS IfROM SIP 86 PETER RO»MAN HJ N A PblR APER SUBJECT REF I FAMILY ENPLOYMENT AT POST J R SftARED AFM POSITIONS SEOur 5127 1 THANK YOU 'FOR YOUR MESSAGE DEALI G WITH SHARED AfM POSITIONS AND fAMILY EMPLOYMENT AT POST 2 BEFORE MAKING THE USUAL DISTRIBUTION Of YOUR MESSAGE TO THE SECRETARY' AND OTHER PRINCIPALS WE ARETTRYING TO RESOLVE THE ISSUE YOU HAVE RAISED THROUGH THE OFFICE Of THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM HAS ALSO BEEN GIVEN A COPY OF YOUR MESSAGE AND IS MONITORING ITS RESOLUTION MY SPECIAL ASSISTANT ILL BE WORKING ON IT DIRECTLY I i I 3 I HOPE TO BE BACK IN TOUCH WITHIN A WEEK OR SO IN THE MEA NTIME I COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL yy UNCLASSIFIE» 1 ' _ J ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476893 Date 01 11 2018 co 641539 8 IED- u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415398 Date 10 jJj20g RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 W hinl ton D C 10520 June 1 1977 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE 86 American Embassy Jidda 86 Deari' - - - - - - - - ' I think you deserve a 'word of explanation for our long delay in responding to your dissent message on terrorism sent last February As you know from our acknowledgme t I am the coordinator for a reply- We have been trying manfully ·to get a reply to Ambassador Porter's earlier message of January 25 and then we thought we would try our hand at a reply' to you Not having succeeded in answering the Ambassador we are not getting very far in answering your message The terrorist experts are going to talk to Ambassador Porter th ls week when he is in the Depa·rtment We are about to undertake a review of terrorist policy and the ideas which you and he have sen us will naturally be considered Your'own interest in protecting Foreign Service personnel is of course a major priority n our consideration although exactly how we do this in a new policy remains to be worked out This is not an official reply to your message but you will be receiyin'g one in due course r thought you would like to know ·that· although the Department is slow it rarely forge'ts Sincerely Richard B Finn 'ember Policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641 s398 Date 10 11 2017 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431082 Date 11 13 2017 l 01iYG'0TNG UNCLASSIFIED Departnlent Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SCA-0'l INFO STATE 0'0'00'0'2 TELEGRAM 9877 OCT-i ll 150-0'0' ARA-10 550-00' PTE-00 PA-32 PRS-GI COME-00 TRSE-00 AID-05 AGRE-00 DOOE-00 SY-0S USIE-00 OPR-02 NSC-05 NSCE-00 SCSE-00 L-0'3 DHA-0'2 LAB-0'4 SII -i ll 1'157 R DRAFTED BY SCA - JOHN DE WITT APPROVED BY SCA - LEONARD Fj WALENTYNOWICZ ARA - WILLIAM I UERS SUSS '5 5-0 APSHANKLE DES RED DISTRIBUTION 5 5 SCA ARA M ------------------011330Z o 0'10342Z JAN 77 ' 046710' 71 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO INS WASHoe IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE 30'0'00'2 E O TAGS 11652 N A CGEN SUBJECT STATEMENT ON MOTOR TRAVEL IN'SINALOA MEXICO FOR ACTION INS DUTY COMMUNICATIONS OFFICER REFERENCE DE WITT HUDSON TELECON OF DECEMBER 31 1 THE DEPARTMENT OF STArE HAS ISSUED A PRESS RELE 'ASr CONCERNING THE RISKS TO AMERICAN TOURISTS OF MOTOR TRAVEL IN SINALOA MEXICO PLEASE 'RELAY THIS RELEASE AS SOON AS POSSIBLE TO ALL INS AND CUSTOMS OFFICES ON THE U S MEXICAN ORDER SO THAT'USG OFFICIALS WILl HAVE AVAILABLE THIS INFORMATION FOR AMERICAN TOURISTS CONTEMPLATING MOTOR TRAVEL IN THE STATE OF SINALOA ' 2 TEXT OF STATEMENT MOTOR TRAVEl IN STATE OF SINALOA WHILE LARGE NUMBERS OF AMERICANS HAVE SAFE AND ENJOYABLE VACATIONS IN MEXICO AND CAN EXPECT O CONTINue TO ENJOY THE TRADITIONAL MEXICAN HOSPITALITY THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE HAS BECOME INCREASINGLY CONCERNED ABOUT THE SAFETY OF AMERICAN TOURISTS TRAVELING IN OR THROUGH THE STATE OF SINALOA IN WESTERN MEXIC SINCE MAY 1976 THERE HAVE seEN seVERAL INCIDeNTS INVOLVING HIGHWAY ROBBERY AND VIOI ENT ASSAULT OF AMERICAN TRAVELERS BY ARMED SANDITS MOSTLY ON HIGHWAY IS NEAR THE CITY OF CULIACAN IN THE STATE OF SINALOA THESE INCIDENTS INCLUDE THREE DEArHS IN THE PAST MONrH AND TWO MOTORISTS HAVE BEEN REPORTED MISSING GENERALLY MOTORISTS HAVE SUFFERED THE LOSS OF AI L OF rHEIR POSSESSIONS INCLUDING THEIR VEHICLES PTHESE DEVELO MENTS HAVE BEEN THE SUBJECT OF DISCUSSIONS BETWEEN THE GOVERNMENTS OF MEXICO AND THE UNITED STATES THE OFFICIALS OF THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT RECENTLY CONVEYED TO UNiTED STATES EM8ASSY OFFICIALS IN MEXICO CITY THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT'S DETERMINATION TO INSTITUTE NEW MEASURES IMMEDIATELY TO ASSURE TOURISTS' SAFE AND PLEASANT TRAVEL' ACCORDING TO THE INFORMATION PROVIDED BY THE MEXICAN GOVERNMENT THERE WILL BE A NEW AND UNI UE SYSTEM OF TOURIST PROTECTION AND ASSISTANCE FROM TH BOROER AT NOGALES THROUGH HERMOSILLO TO MAZATLAN THE FEATURES OF THIS SYSTEM INCLUDE HANDOUTS TO TOUR STS AT THE BORDER INDICATING APPROPRIATE PLACES TO STAY ANO HOW TO CONT CT MEXICAN AUTHORITIES FOR ASSISTANCE AND IMMEDIATE INCREASE OF THE PATROLLING I GREEN ANGEL' TOURIST ASS STANCE UNITS FROM 5 TO 15 ROBINSON UNCLASSIFIED _ - __ -_ _--- --_ _-_ _---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431082 Date 11 13 2017 '-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Q r Q Q96431642 Date 11 13 2017 tJZ r e - 3 ' ' U S J'-Y GSA 1' ' ' Fnn ' 'p rpun cr '''' UN TED S1WrES j VERNME RELEASE IN PART Memorartdum 86 • TO A PP x AM CAR - SUiJJ£CT ' i DAn July 6 1977 Peter Johnson ------ -r' r 86 r-I Procedures for' Release of Unclassified and LOU 'Material ' Presidential Review Memorandum NSC-29 directed that a new Executive Order be prepared to place Executive Order' 11652 Points to b'e consideted by the drafting commit·tee included How to proville for the maximum release of informa'tion' to the American public on government activities and policies consistent with th eed to protect sensitive national security information How to promote increased public access to this information through_ a mO re rapid and systematic declassif icati'on program Overlaps between the new Execu ive Order and the Freedom of Information Act as amended and the Privacy Act and Nhich information reCju l S protec ticn antI for I • long I and Y'hat cr iter in should' be' used in making this judgment · In view of the above I ould lPPl eciate r€ celving guid J ncu on procedures for releasing unclassified and LOU matcrinl I understand that unclassified lIlate l ial cai' be oleuf o l I ' the appropriate office I am not ure vhu' the appr Clt i tc officE 1t is and I would appreciilte guidelines lS to 110 r' 1n releDsG unclElssified cables I t ting specificllll ' what 1' 1I '- proc€dure is for material oriyinating here and oveEsca as vlell as ma't erial to hi ch· may involve mon than one' o£ric I II 'j'he J'Jest ion is r levant' _ to our hun Uing 01 f'Ofl' t 1 qlwsl ' 3 I ' ' ell as in situ ltioris wher m officer might dsh to relecise an unclassifi cable to u non-g vernrn 1 ta 1 IJndy on ·his· Oltm initiative ·This office recently r fused' to ' 'UNCLi SSIFIED BtlJ U S Sf llillJ S florId Rt uldrly --------_ - --- --'----_ __ _-----'-------- - - - 011 th Payroll Savill 'plan ------- -------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFI EO' ' ' - 2 - release an unclassified memor'andum on appeal under the' FOIA Our reason for doing so while it may have b en defensible was cle rly n9t grounded in a national security argument as contemplClted by E O li652 or t he material would have been classified In this regard I would also appreci te' guidelines on how LOU can' be released I understand that there may be legal doctrines of executive privilege which justify a refusal of' unclassified and LOU material on other than statutory grounds ' ' ' i I ' • 7 Drafted 0·'· ' bY Afu CAR DEHenderson nhm 7 7 77 ' Clearances ARA CAR RJS rber' ARA C'R TJClleavner UNCLASSIFtEO II ' ---- -------- -------- ---- g ' - -------- _J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431642 Date 11 13 2017 Case 917 if - 1w%- All v est- 3 S Department of State v1 ment of Setat U MeannHentofSae CsNaeo F-4320'16-o77 201 UNCLASSIFIED 53 De-artment of oc No r5 1 i ate UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 861 005667 6 20 ·JUL alZ 22 Dep artm·ent Of State OR G N STATE J • j APPRnVF O By N 0 COPY OF 20 COPIES S P MMINTON JAN P pwnLFOwITZ pa DnUr I AS EA JNEr R IP N·TE ' RIP 1 1j Ir HT t O pwII CnX OFIGnRAGNlr H · ' H TF RfIj D I 91043 NnO l·OI0 -RAFTEn Y TELEGRAM NOD123 Co F I E T UL PA E 01 OUTGOING S •••••••••••••••••• 133'44 0 2 -61 JUI Al ZFF4 FM S C TATF WA H C TO U My SSlnN U UN NEW YORK p InRtTv -fA IdH F- OI -1F1 r 4oi I T4 l'-b-L TA TE t' 9 to 4 I -1p F - NOniS OISSF NT eHANNEL • TAr S I • D S ENT AMPUCHEAN I RF I EF A U U I Ol DlS E T I FROM L -_ _- - - - ' pnIP UNGA C SUAJF CT REF S I F xe SPEF CHANN L RESPONS oJ EW B6 WOLFQ 4 I1'Z v0 RK 0 t 0 6 US POL CY N B STAT J SQ iii 2 I CHANNEL MESSA E CPEF A WAS VIE ED tN S p 5 P A P A O IO • AS YOU KNOW FROM REF CB THE ATIONAL FO nu r URRENT POI Ir Y 1$ H HU1 I NITA I4N NF E TO EN5UR THF ClURVtVAI OF TH HMER PEnpLE AND T E· PREVENTtON OF A OF STA IlIZIMG eeNFI eWrUL ' NnT TO BE REPROOU'CEO'WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 Department of State I NFI IIX OF EFUr EF S N C SSA Y Tn 9l 43 INT 'I THAILANO ONTINUE REL1EF liE ESTI ATe AS ISTANCE THAT n MAy FnR A RELATIVELY AonITlnNAL TXM£ EFORE AMPueHEA R ACH 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Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 _----_ ----- Department oj State OUTGOING TELEGRAM 1 • I ·I ----------------'------ ---------------- ' • I eeNFIr EUT lAL STATE f910 3 I ROROp R RF FlIGF E SI7 Al3l E PO T OtJ OF ANY R StOUAI • AS I TANr E DF VF R D TO TH eO DF R WOULD SUPPO r THOSE OIqEr TtV ENGAGF O IN RESI TANeE to THE I TNA E E • • ' d W HAvE SF EN F SPECI AI LV C R FI II TO rHuW SIofA P Dr s 1 TINCTlnN BF TWEF N SURVIvAL AS I$TANeE TO THe KHME PEOPLE' ANn· nEvEI OPMF NTAt AI reM IoJOUI D IRECTCV SUP ORT cnN •• sOl I ATI N·OF THF VIETNA ESE H N AMRrN p SrTJON tN KAMPUCHEA THF EPA TMENT HAS CI OSELY MONtTOR O V I AG APPI XCAT ONS FOR EMeAR O WAIVERS T SEND MAT R1ALS TO KA PUCHEA ANn Y N R Ce'NT 'MONT S '1AS JOINE O 4I 4P 'ReE AND TRF A U Y IN EJE T1N ANY APPLICATIONS rNVO V N APPA ENT LY Or VF L nP ENTAI pROJECTS H O lEVE WF f C NOT CONS IDE UR FonD ANO SF E AI TO Be nEVELOPMENTAL ASAISTANCE'-TO F L1 M TF T AA SUCH W ULO SE TO ATT MPT Tn E AT 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NTRn CAM ODIA' T ERE I NO V10r Nr E THEy AR S ECIALLY cnNeE NEO AaouT T E SURVIVAL of A HF AI THY · SELF-RF I U 'T I Hf1E R Pr lPULATTO THAT IS WHY n e'H FlnE JTU' I Nt'lT TO' BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRUARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 --'- - I Dept1 rt ment Of State OUTGOING TELEGRAM eeNFleeUTUI STATE THP URV VAL C' 6 'Er T V OF THF t9l 43 H E HA ECOME AN YMPORTlNT us pnLlCV ' AS FnR TM E VXETNAM Se W ' ELI VF IT IS O E APPROPRIAlP TO APPl Y PQER5lJRE DI Er TLY TO VI iNAM THAN TO FU fl fER POLITICHE A HIJMANnARtAN I'IELIEF FFO T E A'PLE OF THI DIRECT P ESSURe AS lp pl En y THE U AN ITS AI LIES INCI UOE SIJSPE StON OF O l n A NK AND A IAN O V I OP ENT BANK CRF OtTS 0 V E'NAHf TERM NAT ON nF'JAPAN Se BtLATE AL AIOI THE 'nR ED IrH RAWAL OF vIETNA FROM CONSInE ATlnN FOR A MAJnR WFp p O • •rEr T A D VAfUOIlS OTH£R Et ONOMIC SA'NC'l'IONS SUr H M ASU E r O PLE olENT TI1E PnL XTICA ACnONS WE ARF TAI I 'G SUCH 48 ugpnRT FOR A RnAOENEO kHME ES%STANeE VeHF N1 CONTINUF O 6AC tNG OF OK S ATING t MULTtLAT€RAL OQG4N Z4TIONS TO P EvENT R CnGNtTloN OF HENG SAMPIN A O T E OVISION of Fnon SUPPI IF S TO ESISTANeE G OUPS AT T E T Ar 80ROER WITH RF GARO' TO SOMi M THE' OTHER POPJT VOIl MAKE WE ARF UNABLE Tn AGREE WITH vnUR AS ERTION THAT T E 01FF1r Ul T E N KAM Ur HF A ARts LESS FRO A RTFAI L TN nU S DF AS1'iI TANr E TIofAN FRr lM THE CONTINUED orsi oeATION CAllS Sy FI HTING B TWE N VTeTNAM S AN THe ijHNER FORCEs RE I TXN TH M THE CURRENT FtGHTJNG fS S A L S ALE AND tIMITEo TO N N FARMING AQEAS KAMPUCHeA'S BAS C PRoaLEH 'REMA1 N TO S1Ar E A COM 8ACK FROM THE RAVAG' O t9'8-7 N A Y EVENT WE wouLo NOT WANT TO CUT O F ALL FOO AIn TO THE KH E V N IF TH FIGHTING weR£ H VING • SFRtous flit THE VH'TNAME E W Li r ONTINI IE R StSTANC ANO THE ' RE l TAN E O P N S To OME O GREE UPON OUR ReL EF U PLlfg wE Cnul 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Tn 1 4 'PtfCHE4 SERIOUSl Y·DETRACTS Fl'OJof OE IOUReE FOR O E OtR SITUATIONS ELS W EqE onES NOT SQlJA E wn nUR EeEt Jr CONTRIStJT10NS TO AF leAN RELIF F OR OU ONT NtJEn T ONG SUPPO T F R P OGRAMS IN OTH R REGIONS UT IN A Y CftS THE TRAnE-OFF y U SUGGE T S M LV IS NOT PRACTlr Al AS l NC AS KHM R S VIVAL REMA N IofIt H ON THE LI T OF tiS INTF RF STS ANI OAJECTIVES AVAIl RL N CflNeLIIS ON T ofE OEPARTI'1F NT HAS r 3E N SPU R O' BV VOUR Tn TAKE ANOT ER Lno AT' THE PRoeE5S o MONITORING O I IvERlr S ANO THE POS IBILITY OF ETTER AnVF TISING SOVIeT AN vI TNAME E FAILU ES TO PLA A eONSTRUCT VE HUMANITARIAN ROI e IN I AMPllCIofEA we APF'RI C ATE Y 'lU RE 'A t '4J 1tCH HAVE HAn A r ONSTRIIC'PlVE EFFECT IN THE POI T CY Re vlr w P Or ESS F A Y N THt AO 'INIST ATION W IlE OUR APP OACH fOWA D KHMF R RF LYEF MAY NOT CONSTITUTE A P RFEr T POLICY wE CaN IoE T THE MOST SUITABLE FOR ATTAINI G OUR PMl T eAt ANn HU A II'T'ARI AN OBJECTIVES N CIIRRENT C Rr UHSTANCES S r O MF NTS r 1 ARt NnT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476034 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476400 Date 01 11 2018 I£CT ION vnCOpy ' Go U iii ffN-rl ffrift tAL 6E IN U 'DejJartnlent Of State 7163 AOS-OB B4I1 TELEGRAM II 14m • El'ECTlOIIS AIID PUBLICLY DECLARES HE IIIll STEP 001111 FROII OFFICE AI THAI TIME AHYTHIUG LESS IHAU IHIS 1I0ULD BE hORE IHAII A GIANI lEAP AllAY FADM IHE DEMOCRATIC PROCESS THAI liE SOPPOSEDl Y HOLD SO DEAR IHE USG SHOULD HAKE A CLEAR AUD PUBLIC SIATEHEIIT 10 IKE EFrECI IHAT 11£ 00 1I0T COIIDOIIE THE mF·IMPOSITIOII OF A'PRESIOENI 1 1 HAT liE IIOULO LIKE TO RECOGllllE AS A DEIlOCPATlC REPUBLIC BY FAIL IIIG TO 00 THIS V£ FORFEIT OUR RIGHT TO BE LEADERS OF IHE fR£ IIORLO IOD4 I ··················2$45S0 IUOIll 131 IHFO -OCI·OI GUATE 'I NCO MIN G ES·BI R LD2lalZ JOII 82 FH AHEMBASSY GUAIEHALA to SECSTAn IIASHOC 9457 COif r I e £ II J I A l GUATEMALA 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' I iP GARTEN - t '- S P OFP NBOYER · I J o' Cltt HANCES SIP 'Ot L _ -r-_- ---- L E A r AN ES Y I -------------------------------------------------- no UTINE r F_ _ Jloo MELBO UR NE ________ 1_·C'_ • $ _ _ _ _ _ _-- _i _- '_ f · A 'C_I E_S_ f I STADIS ' ' r J ISSENT_CHANNEL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ____Jl _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- lM A TAG S ELAB AS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE -- 197b LABOR REPORT fOR AUSTRALIA REf fORI BBOURNE ---'I fROM L __ 11' i J 1 tc V 111 MLi AJ Jj '1 E O 116 52 N A I 7'1- l g 'JiN1 413 '1 5 --- ·86 1 - _ LAKE-SIP 1 - -__ 1 THIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DIISENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REQUESTrr G REDISGNATION Of CANBERRA A-3 'THE 1976 LABOR ----' LABOR REPORT fOR AUSTRALIA AS A DISJiENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Jooo----'-- HE AIRGRAM UHICH APPEARS TO BE YOUR MAIN »ISSENT MESSAGE HAS NOT YET REACHED THE DEPARTMENT FADRC 'HAS BEE REQUESTED TO CONSULT ITH THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf UPON ARRIYAl Of THE MESSAGE IQ DR'ER T6 DETERMINE THE APPROPRIATE DESIGNA TION WE ILL NOTIFY YOU AS SOOU AS THE DETERMINAT il'ION HA_S BEEN MADE yy i J • LIMITED OffICIAL USE '__ I a_ ---'-·-· -· · -··_- ------ r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416985 Date 10 11 2017 - ' ' '- '-- - '---'--- I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431518 ' Date 11 13 2017 I I' L SiP D·Ji iIL£TI H 81 1' D ' ' t J2 2 11-''7-' 7 S f l L ' KE I _ SIP cr td RM I' SIP 9a '1 t ·1 s p- r DSnNNEY Jb ' tA-' ct o - -le ii' L Y I O UTr r • L A PAZ '- 'cr ' ' j St SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF fOR 1 LA PAZ 8776 · I-_____ JI ff Or THIS L l1 L B6 UP-lAKE ACKNNlLEDGE ECEIPT 01'- JOUR lHSSENT n ANN L ME SAGE OF OCTOBE PU NNING S'fAFf HA 31 1977 MR CURTIS FAR AR OF 7 E POLICY iH EN nCSIG1JATED COORDINATOR J r CliM G ir A SIJ8STMiTIVE REPLY Ii l· C OKn Nc E WITH STIPULf Ti D ISSEi-iT CHMmEL REG JLATIOI S· YOUr i'iESS GE HAS' BEEN CII r ULATEr 'N 'l'iiE OFFICES OF THE SECf tTM ' THE D ECU'l'lVE ECR Tf Y ANi THE CHAIRM N Of THE orEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECREThRY FOR I n£i -t 'ii IU N Id- F r s liND TIiE ADi1J NJSTIU 'i' lf Cf THE AGENCY fOR r in NATI H AI DEVF L0PiiEi· T lclE OiHj i l ' IU USE OF TIlE DI SE tr CHMJl' EL j· D iIlL f ESP i· D AS r ot-1PTL ' AS PM U- i E TC -HE VIEWS YOU H iVr SUSf' ITTfj - '11 II • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431518 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445667 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 Washington D C 20520 COMP' El M'fIAL February 25 1975 MENORANDUI1 86 TO FROM SUBJECT SIP - W nston Lord 6' Dissent Message Ethiopian Government Request for Additional Military Sales' This will acknowledge receipt of your issent memorandum of February 24 1975 Mr Herbert Spiro of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of substantive response to your memo In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been sent to the officesof the Secretary the Executive Secretary and the Chairperson of the Secretary's Open Forum Panel We have also sent copies to the Assistant Secretary for African Affairs and as you requested to Mr Coote AF E Mr Finegold ACDA MEA ET and Mr Ladd PM SAS We commend your use of the Dissent Channel to give us the benefit of your analysis and will'reply as soon as possible to your concerns CONI If5EN'fIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445667 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C064'46018 Date 12 11 2017 a--'----------------------------------'------------------------------------ ------------- ·IRELEASE IN FULLI I I J TiU 22'-Forelgn Relations CHAPTER 1- JF FMl'ff IEI r OJ STATE • SUCcIiAPTf n A-Gt lI R 1 neg JOll _ PART 6-FREEDOM OF INFORMATION POLICY MID PROCEOURES • Miscellaneous Am'liHJments IDcppr1 mtn 1l1 II 6 8 IImls or ea Re 1cw an Inltlnl dl'nllll under G G b m n· be l'e j le$tE b e jie n l 'no submit ted the or l 1nl r tle lt fClI' a record 'fhe ro ' c ' IH rc n h' hc appell must· be fl qt C ' i r v ritln llhln GO dn 's o the emc t l t the oc- questcr Is Informed cl her il th3t thc ·cquest ls d m cd complctcl or 2 lh L all ft'cords whkh Ire bC ne rllml lell In fe pons to his rcqt est h bC'1 n re len ed Bnd he h3S becr ·so Infol'lT t'd Cbl The lPI l1 must b sent by ccrHlied nl 11 to the ASl'Oi51 l1lt S cre lI ' of • state or' PUblic AtTnirs C hn nn m COIl I 'I on Clnsj ifjeMiml policy O ' ll I t of State W I hlngton D C Cj20 'rile Lima tor decision 011 nlJ I i1 bc lnll un ihe datc the lI pe31 Is aeLua ll' re -eived iu the Office r the As sl lnt St'Cfctal Y Till TeCiues shall inch ce n sLlIlcmcnt or the' clrcumstllllceS r ' t'ns vr nrgumC lts adw lIced 101' 1n lstcnc c U l ln Citclosure 9f the t'1' chi illy fl' ' lIt r c ci rO ord 1nd a copy of thr Initial e JI l i lalLer ee The Council 011 CI ss fication 1'011Cy shall decide the pc31 heJ'e shall be a TJU cn NC lrd oC h re ons 01' the c1ecb lon 3nd t he Iews or C IICh member The 'd cislcm shall be t'c'm n Jnicntcd ill I 'rltlr g to the l't'l l csler ill n lettcr from t·he hssist mt Sccretm for Public Affnll s H the dl l s cm Is to wltllhold the letler 5h3 1 iurllliCy t Ia cl cmPtlon 0 e emptlons c J' -ised tier G 4 tile Tell50n ami I Ule Ct uncil Is p 'ei 'C d ' to ch'e further 'onsl l 'ntlc no l h­ standlnc -ml ' tion or tile tlr le nl1 l' lcd tor declsioll the lCHer 'sh 1I1 lit state and Jndlc 1le when lh tt c n jderatjon Is expect ed loU be completed _ ' - • - _____ __ • a -' - o r-- 'l'f _ - - - _ _ _ --_ - _ _ • _ _-l UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06446018 Date 12 11 201 7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476325 Date 01 11 2018 INCOMING ' TELEGRAM rAGt el ACTIOil P- 2 Ollt INFO DCI-OO 214Gl or ot 91 COPY-OI IM'OO 121 1131 SSQ·cc ES'CI ID04 I ··················3H1H 2111111 III o 2lI11SZ SEP 2 ' FII l1WC SSY 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C975 CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 RELEASE IN PART ' U APEST 028355 43 0437 I CHANNf 1 11602 1 1 GOS 1 -- 5U SJ tC 1 D1 SSENT CHANNEL ME SSAGE HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY 1i 'THIS MESSAGE' TRAN MITs A UIS$ENT CHANNEL VIE POINT Of PULll'lCflL UfFlC R 'I I' HIE ORAFj't DOES NUT wISH TO R STRrCT I T 18UTIUN Of THIS MtSSA E - 1 @ I 86 2 UMHA Y THIS ME SAGE SUGGESTS THAfATBE SECRftARY OF ST IN A'M JO 5 tECH SHo0LO fOREtFULLY sP tIFY A WIDt'HANGE Of HtiMAN RIGhTS USG INTE r UPON AOVANCIN r AT THE SAME lIME S CRt r AKY i'iUULO' Ot fIN Tlit EXTENT USG' AtiLt USE TOOLS AVAILAoLI W ' • l@ ® j Tii Al cRICAh· FQREliiN PUL lCy TO AOVANCE TN bt HUMAN RIGHTS TriE SPEECh ouLU TTEMPT TO N CONCILE 00W-IDEAL GOALS WITH pRAcrICAL PUS5 dIL I1It S LEAVING WIDe ticua ti fUR u s ' ACTIONS SOPPORT Of HUMAN HIGHt ON THE ON ANU IT WOULD PRO lDE PHILOSOPHICAL RATIONALE AND U OtRPINN1N fOR SUPPORl OF SUCH' n Gr ouPS AS CHA TEF jlt NER ANt 'FOH VIGoROUS OIPL OI1ATIC CiMPAIGN fO IMPLEM NfATION U HELSINKI-fINAL ACT'BASKET - - III PRINCIP ES UN oTHER ANU BY SErTING LIMITS ON U S HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY IT WOUU A ATTEMPT TO AVERT SOY ItT REACTION T I RUMAN RIGHlS' MOVI M tNT WHICH COULU IMpoEo OETENTt AS LL AS SET BACK HELAiAtloN Of INTERNAL' CUN TROLS Of EAS T EUROi-'EAN ReG 1 MfS AND b - AVOI 0 GENERATING MisUNDERS1ANOINGS wiT REGAHO' TU OUR I ifNrIONS AMONG THE t ONrlDENrlAL • I 1 i - ' ' ti ' i J --- I--------_----------------------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 _ _-----------------------Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 415 49 5 IED u s Department of State J ' - '1 J 0 i i i PAGE 0 vI RY J I i i I 2 C 0 l AL -CONf I DENT-I UDAPE 00437 1 Of 4 101627Z HUM AN 11 I GH1 S At Tl VIS 1 S 1' t ARE THY I N G TO SUP P0 RT• A-UISTINGUI5H NG CHAF ACrt RISTlC OF 1I l · qLICY STATeMENT WHICH IS uEING PROPOS D IN THlS tS5A E 15 THAT THE U S WOULD SET LINiT UN' II AC TIVe ADVOCACY uf HUMAN HIGHTS 'TrUll IS IT IQUL D LET-lT oE CLEARLy'UNOt SToOD USG WOLD NOr OIRECtLY THKE_'rtN ExISTING COMMUNiST NU OTHEH G VERNH Nts 6 INSISTJNG UPUNSUCH RI Hi 'A5 fR E ELECTIONS UNHESr I r o FRE OUM OF ASSEA LY ANU UNRESTRICTED RIGHT to'STRIKE AT-SAM rIME IT WOULD B cREDldC AND FORCEtUL INDICATION o G s INSISfENCE PURSUlfI1li Ft ASloLt' PT FE AS IdLE HUMAN -1 IGnTS GOA 5 HIL THlti ME5SAGt JS'W lTTEN PHIMARI Y wlTH PROBLEM OF HDMAN RIG rS IN COMMUNIST COUNT lES lij MJ D SECR rARY'S SPEECH DRAWING ON SAM PRINCI L S cou o de DRAFTED'SO AS- TO DELlNEAlE U S ATTIHliJE wiTh f t GAf U' To HUMAN ON ' @ · i r @ j R1GHTs EVeRYWHERE IN THE WORLD q - 1 SPeECH ON HUMAN HIGHTS E A PROPRIAT LV QUAClrrtO AND O VELUPEO Orc ORLOWIDl AI lDlt r-U E SHRET Af Y WOULD AhNOUNC U s I TENrluN TO ACTIVELY'E CUURAGE FOLLO ING FkEE UM O tONSClfNtEf FRE OOM FREt DOM of SPtECH- $Et PAR 4 HE I r N GR Al£R fR E00M fMOM POLICE TATE of H HOOS C UOING P9L CE 6RUT L TY N Iu TURE A 6 TRARY - t SE RcTARyIS CO'HILTME' T-Tb I'IU iAN RIGIiTS AND u t 'ul PRACTICAL MtASURES 0 HHING r E A OUl O LO oE-fu L POINT Of A M JOR POLiCY ADUR SS tiy SECRE·rA Y StCkeTARYIS SPfECH W ULO DRA ON IDEAS pDT FORWA U THl5 lECEGRAM wOU D N Eu ® WHICH IN LCJNG i-i fURMA r I PROPOSEU oUMMARv IU S 3 NO ® A REST AND FO C D EMl RATITN fREEDOM TU EMIGRATE THE RIGHT TO OiSSEMINAlIUN OF FOHEIGN NE S 'MATERIALS A O CESSATION OF jAMMlNG UF fOREIGN RADIO STATIONS'WHICH DO NGl LATANTLY ADVOC T A CHANijE Of OLltleAL YST M JNFlPt NTIAl ' fREtOOM TO 'tRAVEL ' fAM1L Y REUNIFICATlON - Gil ® P lVACY i @ ® if -'--' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 co 641549 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F- 016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 1 ' -' 1 I ' I ' - ' -- I CONfIDENTIAL I •••• • ' 1 BUO PE PAGE 03 437' 1 OF 4 I lH1627Z FOR FOREIGN JOURNALISTS THe HIGrlT TO PETITION FOR EXAM CE s EXE C1SED BY CMARTE '7-MEM6ERS RIGHT TO tXPRtS5 LAuok G IEVA CES £GAL-OuE p OCESS F UOM FHUM DlSCijl I ATlON ON GROUNUS RACE OR P LITICAL·VIE PUINT WITH R GA O TU A rl OF THESE R GNrS sEC ETAHY wOULU CALL ATIENTIUN-'O COMMUNISI ACC SS - SiiOH reOr-lINGS ANU URGE-R£FORN - SECRETARY WOULD LtAvt IT QNDERSTOUD THEM SECKE l'AKY· U E wuuLo f i i I j j HOWfVEN wHICH WOULD T AT USG hO L Not tOMMIT ITS R SOURCES-TO O -lN SU POHT OF ATTtMPTS 1u CHANGE·1HE B tiIC POLITICAL SYslE Of ANY OtHtij'cQu rRY INCL001NG COMMUNIsr-tuuNTRlcS WHILE USG' UU D R MAIN COMMITTE6 ru Irs OWN DEMOCRATIC IDEALS ANU CONTINGf To ARTICUCATE 4 I LAN UAG 'i l 1 1 1 MAKE IT CLEAR USG t'lUlJLD NOT USE Ii 5 PQWtR TO OEMAi O 1 1' ACTIVeL Y SuPP J T I'iITlilN F'ORt IGN COUNTRIES tA THE RIGHT TO OR ANIZE'A-pu ilICAL P KTY THE RIGHT TO VOlE-IN fR E-ELECTIONS¥ Cel TrlE RiGHT TO STRIKE WHEN IT IS ILLEGA AC OHOiN fU THe LAWS OF 'Tht CQUNTt-IY CONCEt NI O··i IR i'itiE N 1 T THREAT rJ ' rHt EX1SL TNG p0 rTICAL OH ECONOMIC UROEH D FHEtu0 -OF ASS M LY WhEN OIRECTEU TO AC OI1PLlSH tA 8 OR 'ce ABOVE AN'O i fREEI l'j M OF SPt Et t- WHEN 'DIRE CTt D rei ACCUPLISH A 8 OR C 'ABOVE BUT NOT RIGHT OF INI lVLUUAl TO SAY IN'PRIVATi CONV RSAlluN OR COHRESPO DtNCf- HATEVER HE Ci-i 0 0 S E 5 • - - - 5 THESE SELF-1HP05EU RESTRAINTS wOULD AMOUNT 10 AN AMERICAN UNUERT KrN NOT TO'D1R CTLY HA LENGE ALlfN PUL TICAL-SYSTEMS 'TU E PER elVfD AS A ING R AL r j i' l' 'I iI 1 MtAN LNG u s 'ACC PIANCE OF TH£SE RUL S-Uf BEHAVIOR SROULO BE-ARTICULAT O NOr VIA QUlfT OiPLORACY BUT POULICLY THE fI AL IH E LIMITATIU f WOULD PUT UPON OU LVES -A ABOVE COULO BE MOHE FELICITUU5LY PHRASEO • HOWEVER THt POINT sAuu o NOT E LOST tH T WE ACcEPT AS A U E OF BEHAVIDR I I I I I ONF I DElIiT A1 j 1 • ' I' • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641549 5 IED u s Department of State i ' • Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 ' J If t· I' t O F I i j' PAGE 04 • IDENTlAL BUUAPE 00437 l OF 04 hl1627Z t ' NUT TO rU'PERNIT-ACTrVITH-S UlloIt CTU THRtATENli-lG-THt CONI'INUED EX15rENC up T fl DWN GUVE NING SySTeM USG WOULD OF CUUI SE tTAHi lT KIGHT TO JuDGE 1t1 1 i CUNSTlTUEP II1REAf '1 • 7 G a lJ1 Uf ICIALLY SUPPORT ACTIV LY • UR ExptCT OTHER STATES TU'POlITI AL YSTEM ANO NOT CEDE THl S-JOOUI1t NT TU SlVETS ok OTHEHS IN ANY CAbE USG 0ULD tiy NO EAN5 E RtTREATING O HUM6N RIGHfS O I i Cl AR A fI UN YI i J UL j t THE CONTkARV THt UWP0SE OF A USG ANjj t t AND HUIi Af J RIG HT S OlRiCTLY NUW TH05E-cITEU PARA 3 AtiuvE auf INOI ECTLY OVEH LONG RWM PUL1TIC LLY stNSlrlVE H0MAN-HIGHTS AS WELL ' j 0 F AC1 LI rAn t' W - •• J ' I I Ij I I I j 'j '- - I i I ONfID£NTIA L ' l @ ' '- f ------------------------------------------- ---------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F- 916-07743 Doc No C06415495 Date 10 11 2017 r UNC SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 l t i1E i1 tl i Il IlWbSti'f B Ik iJr #4 U t§ ' ' ' ' ' Qm' aJoo' aJU D ' ' ' rj ffi J t A ' ' RELEASE IN PART ' I 86 1 - r c I I -I CI SSIFICATION HAN01 ING MESSAGE REFERENCE NO COJ f'IfjEli ' E'IAL A-009 ' 'h'G v''' ArnEmbassy FROM E O 11652 TAGS SUBJECT B RIDGETOlAiN DATE I I In ' 1 _'v 0- February 14 1977 GDS U S Policy in the Eastern Caribbean II REF Caribbean Transition Paper ' _ _ _-J 1'- -7_--l ' j O J PT CISTRI9U ION RICINSI N 1ESSAGE FROM L I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ 86 ---li SU @1ARY AND INTRODUCTI oN J' tu AFloRA BUR INR 10 PI R PM AIR ARMY L NEA REI' SCI GR AID CIA COM 000 DOT FRS HEW INT LAB NAVY NSA NSC OPIC STn TAl' THSV USIA The Caribbean Transition Paper notes upcoming corr plete independence for the five Associated states their serious economic problems terms them unviab1e ll economically and perhaps also politically and holds that we should minimize Cuban influence by Hour support for regional institutions and regional economic integration as vell as encouraging the British to remain the dominant regional influence The pape r states that we do not nml consider the Soviets to be seeking a military advantage in the are lbut that the Cubans in the short run can be expected tol xacerbate our problems There are in the drafting officer's view four principal problems with the Transition Paper as it applies to 'the ·small islands First it is incorrectly predicated on their unviability as fully independent micro-states Second ' it holds out the appealing but unrealizable promise of keeping the British politically and economically engaged in addition to increasing the ole of other aid donors like Canada Next -- and possibly the most important -- it proposes a our principal policy MEl GGESTEO I Department of State TO EB a OIS1'RIOUTION cmiFI6DN'fIAL IRAI TgO av 0R FTlNG OATEI PtiONE ECON I _ I'-ib ORId DS- t3 12 ' ----_ - 1 2 14 77 I No·1 CONTENTS I '---- - A _ Ccfi 9SI CATION APPROVED BV DCz I JNS'lrrUns 7 I -_ •• -- Io 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 Btn A-009 CONE'IDENI An 2 tool a continuation of USG support for economic regionalism a once promising idea that has simply failed Finally the per almost completely ignores increasing Cuban activit l in th'e area and lacks an assessment of Castro's future goals END SUHHARY 'AND INTRODUCTION- ice pp 2 4 the Transition Paper describes the 'Caribbean's future English-speaking mini States asl n­ viable 11 Tempting as it is to thus characterize resQurce-barren islands 'averaging 150 square 'miles ane 100 000 inhabitants use of tha't' adJective is 'a 'bas'ic and relevant inaccuracy The small islands - independent or not foreign aided or bankrupt - are not going to just disappear they nd their peoples will continue to exist Relevant questions are rather at vlhat level economically and under vhat political system But more important calling them unviable tends to perpetuate a long standing major error in our thinking about the Eastern Caribbean region It leads us to assume that since these small islands can't survive in a so itary state ' they somehmv 'lill be forced if not by reason at least from necessity to unite form a federation or jointly find refuge under the wing of a new protector This reasoning in turn supports our ell worn and comfortable but erroneous conventional 'lisdom regarding the region federation common markets increased regional cooperation political and economic are inevitable despite any short-term setbacks Unfortunately the trend is overvlhelmingly a'-lay from unity I cooperation or often yen plaip civi ty _ 12 tw een iS land leaders It is argued in the'paraqraphs be I 0 '1 that our failure to accept the exi'stence of this unpleasant situation entirely robs us 'of any realistic possibility of promoting 'lhat relatively minor' interests 'le have in the area Older perhaps than our misplaced faith in regional integration is our belief -- or t least hope -- that Britain will not abandon her Caribbean obligations page 5 However if Post reporting of the words of British officials in the area accurately reflect theirgovernment 1 s thinking C ONFIDEH' PIAL _----_ __ _- - ' - • - _ _ -- UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc- - -N-o -- C -- 0 - -6- -43 -1 - -9- -69- -- D-a-te- ' '1- -1 - - -13- -'-'20 -1- 7 1 r -- --- '-- _ _ - - - - - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 Btn A-009 C01 11 I BEN' ' IAL 3 th United Kingdom is busily if not obviously extricat iug itself as quickly as is decentl Y7 possible from the relatively small $28 million annua ly but continuous financial drain involved Independence for the Associated States working level British officials assure us will not bring a cessation of UK aid Not immediately that is tbey a dd ''lith a 'r lry smile The' first paragraph on page nine reads tqe had made a deliberate policy determination that ve should keep the colonial pmlers saadled with full responsibility for their remaining Caribbean dependencies even after independence This V'as and still would be a neat trick if it lere possible It isntt and we should recognize and accept that fact The Canadians Their aid is primarily conscience money and has little if any ulterior security interest component But more to the point the level is fixed and even without increasing domestic problems there is no reasonable prospec for their upping the ante Other donors have and ·lill continue to appear but they will all succumb to tne convenience of using the COB a fact which will virtually guarantee that their aid will apply only with great delay and when finally effected ill do but little to meet the l e -gion s need for ne'i'l Jobs II I In concrete terms the support for regional econom c integration advocated by the Transition Paper means support for the Caribbean'Development Bank and CARICON The US has committed approximately $42 million to the COB since its organiz'ation in 1970 H m-lever a surprisingly small portion of those funds have been lent or othen ise ap'plied and it nO l appears that the CDB is receiving monies from several sources faster than it is able to lend already committed resources Yet we are programming still more loan funds AID's Inspector General is planning to formally question the idea of new loans to the bank at this time hmvever The' problem ith the CDB is more basic than its inability to move loan funds Beyond ·the problem of delays in lending the Bank is -rightly or wrongly -- seen by small isl nd leaders as basically unresponsive to their admittedly often poorly articulated needs Therefore our continued sole reliance on the Bank is seen by tnem as our basic non-response to requests for meaningful·assistance This perception has obvious political ramifications CONFIDEtt'fIA • ' N - S p m t a N- F 2016 3Do ' N Co64'31969 Date 11i13 2017' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 1 3 2017 -- --- -- -- -- ------- ---------- ---- ------------ - Btn A-009 4 COMF OEMTIAL CARICOM has not only failed to achi ve any visible progress tl Mard political integrati0n but its promising early steps to a rd economic inte gration are being eroded Barbados and Trinidad-Tobago are angered at Guyanese and Jamaican import restrictions and the small islands are now publicly complaining that the common market concept is a pure rip-off by the big four And· given the regional trade patterns they are correct It is sometimes argued that even wit the pessimistic prognosis for CARICOM there's no harm in o r continued support of it Our support once only moral is slated soon to be financial via AID loans for t ·l0 projects cqmmon services and the regional food plan Both projects make good economic sense but are destined to fail for poli icaI reasons No harm that is except wasted money and the much more serious loss· of the opportunity to successfully further our interests by acting differently and ''lith far more effective results Persisting in our policy of backing the elusive hope of regional economic and political integration as a solution to both the area's economic problems and our security goals is clearly convenient It does not require us to take into account new realities and admit that developments in the region have not unfolded as Ve once thought they ''lould Further it does not demand oJe attempt the presumably painful process of engineering micro aid programs for micro island states The present policy also unfortunately guarantees that 'va ·lill· stand no reasonable chance of realizing our admittedly negative security goals in the vacuum left by the departure of the British Cuban activities in·Jamaica and Guyana are obviously far more important than'the still minor efforts directed at he small islands Nonetheless Cuba's visibly increasing interest in the political vacuum caused by British steps to grant independence and retire should be recognized and assessed The Transition Paper gives the possibly unintentional impression that their activities are seen by the Cubans as having limited nuisance value and not designed to gain decisive influence or outright control of one or more small island governments This may v ell be the case but the question should be posed directly and an attempt made to anS 'ler it At least in the short term we can expect Cuba to exacerbate our problems yIith the Caribbean states is valid enough COtq'f'IBEN' 'Il' L - _- - - _ - uNcCAss·IFlEDU s D rt e- rt- fState-C seNo-'-i 2016 0774_f Doc No COE3431969· D·a'te 11 13 2017 - T-- 7-- ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 i • Btn A-009 5 CONPIDEN'f'IAL '1hen applie l to Guyana and Jamaica but for the smaller islandi Cuba will not exacerbate our problems it will - if it wishes -- rather create them And given the serious economic problems and our non-response to the islands' requests as well as the failure of regional institutions to act 'effectively the'Cubans face few if any s rious hurdles A Cuban attempt to transform one or more of the small islands into client states would cost little and could if successful go far to convince many that the historical tide is running in Cuba's direction This message has not except in the form of assertions presented evidence suppor ting its arguments that Britain has decided to call it quits that the level of actual inter-island cooperation is declining and that the present island leaders value personal power over the faded dream of federation or real regionalism That is to be found in the Post's past reporting Neither has it dealt specifically with the already independent states of Barbados or renada both of vhich present similar but also additional unique problems It is to be emphasized that these exceptions to the Transition Paper's analysis and ecomm ndations pertain only tothe small islands _ t e Easte n al i p eanJ p ot to the J arger states The usual Department response to dissent messages is not necessary in this case Instead it is requested this airgram be provided to those who received the Transition Paper CP BRITTON COMPIDENPIlH UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431969 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446548 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 CONFIDENTIAL S P RJNEITZKE BMH 6-14-76 S P JEFF X22 c na ARTEN S P RFEINBERG S P-OF-GFOX SIP ONLY BUENOS AIRES ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL FORiL-_ _ _ _ _--' FROM S P-GARTEN ACTG 86 JG RJN GF 0 llbS2 N A TAGS N A RFIL SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESS'AGE I 1 T HIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PROPOSED VISIT TQ WASHINGTON BY ARGENTINE' NAVY JUNTA MEMBER AND CINC MASSERA DATED AUGUST 11 MR RICHARD FEINBERG OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf HAS BEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION PROCEDURES AND YOUR EXPRESS WISHES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFfICE'S OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN fORUM THE ASSISTANT SECREJARV fOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AffAIRS CNO AND USCINCSO WE COMMEND YOUR USE Of THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED • YY CONFIDENTIAl L - - - --------- ---- ---_ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • __ • _ _ 0 ______ • _ _ - - - ___0_- ___ ___ __ _ _ _ • • 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ '0 _ _ _ ••• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446548 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861' - I I I - OUTGOING THEGIIAM C' I' O p ' I ' l t IClr '1 - -v CH4R S __ - - -- - IoE Jt Qrt rl1 AIl E'R A II ANC ES E uJ E V R C 'B -- - ••••• _ - 1 1 ARS 6N 400mm IlIfO 40CUSSES DI SS ENT CH AmJE L_ 'DISSENT CHANNE L _ _ TAG S ---P-f SUBJ E T • REF c I 0 ' 'T 0 ' - 4 I DECL OADR _ rl r • 'tIL 'fI tS ----- --- --' -- - -- 1- - Sl 18 SS i-- _ _ • JA 'JA' b • · ·· WARSAW 10656 THE CENTRAL QUESTHHJ PO SED BY YOUR CRITIQUE IS WHETHER POLAND IS MORE LIKELY TO MOVE TOWARD LIBERALIZATION AN PLURALISM IF WE PLAY ot POLISH VULNERABILITIES OR If WE EXPAND DIALOGUE AND COOPERATION WITH THE WARSAW REGIME· THIS IS NOT AN EASY QUESTION IN YOUR VIEW A SANCTIONS P'OLICY MAY FOR A TH1E PROVIDE A NECESSARY • PK· i JR ·· IftfRF DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE POLAND THAN YOU'FOR 2 BEGIN TEXT DEARI YOUR DISSENTING VIEWS ON US POLICY TOWARD POLAND WHICH HAVE BEEN WIDELY CIRCULATED AND READ WITH INTEREST I AM WRITING TO' OFFER yOU THE DEPARTMENT'S THHJKUJG ON THE ISSUES YOU RAISE AS YOU KNOW LECH WALESA'S RECENT STATEI'lENTS HAVE MADE THESE THE FOCUS OF A POLICY REVIEW 3 i I ci - ' 'TH' L-I · J Jt Re' _ c i -- I· 6 f 1 FOLLOWING IS REPLY OF STEPHEN W BOSWORTH CHAIRMAN OF SECRETARY'S POLICY PLANNING COUNCIL TO 1 lSSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Of I I REf TEL RESPONSE HAS BEEN CLEARED HI P EUR EB AND HA 5 frf lfoJ 'lfCfOEN' r ·O -i23Sb 0732A N ME S P P KAPLAN • 7Hid'CFAIRBAtiKS 6p D loHNSON CLEARANCES - pl l J DESIRED OISllllUTlON -- -_ N SiP 'JAtRAEL J f- ot ·J EIti E FTS 0N INr O mu O R H'·y ZE z lf '1 OTC S·ip· SSEST ANOVICH JH 1 2 16 83 -E XT -21% 4 ' r _ _ -SIP· SWBOSWORTH INFO • r -- •• c _ t 5'0111 - - · 't'T· CI ' J7 J - 1 ' • · · I I -- II 86 I eOIJFIBEffTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 E6r1FHEHiIAL 2 SYMBOL OF AMERICAN OUTRAGE BUT IT HAS LITTLE CHANCE OF ACHIEVING LONGER-TERM OBJECTIVES TO SOME EXTENT THEN YOU AND WALESA APPEAR TO AGREE ACCORDINGLY f YOU PROPOSE TO REPLACE IT WITH A STRATEGY Of UEAKENING U DERMINING AND SUBVERTING THE GQP VIA MAXIMUM CONTACT WITH THE WEST ANY POLICY TOWARD POLAND HAS TO BEGIN' WITH RESPECT FOR THE LIMITS Of US INFLUENCE WHICH ARE VERY FORMIDABLE WHETHER WE ARE OFFERING INDUCEMENTS OR APPLYING PRESSURES IN OUR VIE AND SEEMINGLY IN YOURS THE JARUZELSKI REGnlE CANNOT BE PERSUADED EXCLUSIVELY BY CARROTS TO SHARE POWER ITH THER SECTORS OF POLISH SOtIETY COMMUNIST STATES AS YOU KNOW HAVE ENORMOUS RESOURCES FOR CONTROLLING THE ADVERSE INTERNAL CONSEQUENCES OF EXTERNAL INFLUENCES TO TAKE YOUR OWN PROPOSAL IMF MEMBERSHIP fOR POLAND WOULD CERTAINLY LEAD TO PROTRACTED IN-DEPTH DISCUSSIONS AMONG FINANCIAL TECHNICIANS BUT HAT EFFECT CAN ONE SOBERLY CLAIM FOR SUCH DISCUSSIONS IN POLISH SOCIETY AT LARGE OUR ECONOMIC DISCUSSIONS 11TH THE GOP IN L98L AnD THOSE OF WESTERN BANKS AS WELL VIVIDLY DEMONSTRATED THE NATURE Of THIS PROBLEM AT A TIME OF MUCH GREATER OPENNESS AND PERMEABILITY IN THE POLISH SYSTEM THAN WE WILL SOON SEE AGAIN ON THIS 'POINT WALESA WAS VERY ACUTE AS Of TODAY THERE ARE NO CIVIC ENTITIES TO GUARANTEE THAT WESTERN AID WOUL» HAV£ THE DESIRED IMPACT AT THE SAME T ME YOU ARE DOU8TLESS RIGHT THAT A POLICY OF UNRELENTING PRESSURE WILL NOT ACHIEVE OUR GOALS EITHER PRECISELY BECAUSE THE POLISH REGIME REMAINS POLlrICALLY ILLEGITIMATE AND FACES A CONTINUING ECON MIC CRISIS PROBLEMS THAT IT CAN HARDLY HOPE TO SOLVE UITH MOSCOW'S HELP ALONE WE NEED ro HOLD OUT A SET OF CARROTS THAT THE POLES CAN REACH THROUGH INCREMENTAL PROGRESS INTERNAL STRAIUS COULD WELL LEAD THE POLISH REGIME TO CONSIDER MOVInG GRA»UALLY fORWARD AS LONG AS WE DO NOT RELIEVE ECOUOMIC AND POLITICAL PRESSURES WITHOUT POLISH RESPONSIVENESS TO OUR CONCERNS THIS COMBINATION OF PRESSURES AND INCENTIVES IMPLEMENTED IN A PHASED MANNER IS THE ESSENCE OF THE ADMINISTRATION'S POLICY TOI ARD POLAND AD IE IUJI 'ft n fA 1'1U lttft __ D'lnrSIS 11WI O P 1 APPEAR TO fAVOI OUR PRESENT VIEW THEN TAKES FOR GRANTED THAT INCENTIVES AND INCREASED CONTACiS CAN BE A USEFUL TOOL AT THE SAME TIME II BALANCED ND EFF ECTIVE - -- - - ESNIfUEP4TIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 D te 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 1 ·' • 'G C9NFHCPITIAL •• I 3 POLICY THAT MAKES USE OF THEM MUST ALSO REFLECT SEVERAL IMPORTANT CAUTIONS FIRST E MUST BE CAREfUL THAT THEY SUPPORT RATHER THAN UNDERCUT VOICES fOR CHANGE INSIDE POLAND ALESA'S PRONOU CEMENTS MAY PROVIDE AN OPPORTUNITY FOR WESTERN POLICIES TO STRENGTHEN HIS POLITICAL POSITION AND THE PRESIDENl HAS PLEDGED TO RE-EXAMINE THE SANCTIONS WITH THIS IN MIND YET JUST AS CLEAR IN WALESA'S REMARKS WAS HIS CONCERN THAT OUTSIDE AID WILL REDOUND T6 THE GOVERNMENT'S ADVANTAGE· SECOND HOWEVER USEFUL AN EXPANDED US PRESENCE IN POLISH SOCIETY MAY BE WE SHOULD NOT EXAGGERATE ITS IMPACT BECAUSE POLAND IS RULED BY A DICTATORSHIP HOSTILE TO US US INFLUENCE WILL ALWAYS BE RESTRICTED BUT BECAUSE POLAND IS AT BASE A 0ESTER SOCIETY INTERNAL PRESSURES FOR REFORM WILL NOT CEASE HOPES FOR LIBERALIZATION THEREFORE DO OT REST ON OUR SHOULDERS ALONE THIRD orl THE ECONOMIC PoINTS YOU RA SE LET ME r·JOTE THAT YOUR °MAXIMIZING APPROACH IS POTENTIALLY QUITE COSTLY AS YOUR'INF SUGGESTIOMS INDICATE TO MAXIMIZE CONTACTS ALSO COULD MEA TO INCREASE BILATERAL AND MULTILATERAL RESOURCE COMMITMENTS GIVEH THE STATE Of THE IMF AND THE GRO NG CLAIMS MADE ON IT BY GOVERNt'lENTS FRIErIDL Y TO US ACCEPTANCE OF POLISH MEMBERSHIP WOULD HAVE TO BE SEEN AS A MAJOR STEP IN NEED OF VERY CAREFUL DISPASSIONATE JUSTIFICATION AND GIVEN THE DISARRAY IN GOP ECONOMIC POLICY AND CONTINUING SOCIAL TENSIONS NEU FUNDS COMMITTED BY THE WEST WOULD ARGUABLY BE WASTED· IT ILL NOT BE ENOUGH TO SAY THAT POLAND NEEDS HELP SO DO MAHY OTHERS UHOSE WILLINGNESS AND ABiLITY TO MEET FUND OBLIGATIONS ARE MORE CLEARLY ESTA8LI HED AND PERHAPS MOST IMPORTANTLY THE CHOICE OF A POLICY TOWARD POLAND HAS TO BE JUSTIFIED WITHIN THE COUTEXT OF OUR POLICY TOWARD EASTERN EUROPE AS A WHOLE • YOU BELIEVE THAT OU SANCTIONS POLICY PRODUCES PUBLIC CONFUSION HERE AT HOME ADMITTEDLY IT HAS INVOLVED CONSIDERABLE CONTROVERSY AND CRITICISM FROM MANY QUARTERS YEr THE LONG-TERM CREDIBILITY OF OUR »IFfEREN IATION POLICY AND WHATEVER PUBLIC SUPPORT IT CAN COMMAND REQUIRE THAT UE SHOW RESULTS EITHER IU FOREIGN POLICY INDEPENDENCE OR DOMESTIC LIBERALIZATION WHEN WE CHOOS TO DIFFERENTIA E IN FAVOR OF A MEMBER OF THE SOVIET BLOC BY THISSTANDARD POLAND'S RECENT HISTORY CALLS FOR A VERY fIHALLY I I ceNFHCNTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' ' t • • 'I - 0 ' € NFnENTIAL II 4 CAUTIOUS US POLICY OUR ABILITY TO FAVOR HUNGARY AND ROMANIA -- OR fOR THAT MATTER YUGOSLAVIA -- DEPENDS OH PRESERVING THE DIFftRENCES BETWEEN OUR POLICIES TOWARD THEM AND THE OTHER STATES Of THE REGION TO DO OTHERWISE WOULD E GENDER PUBLIC CoNFUSION ON A SCALE WE HAVE NOT SEEN IT WOULD ALSO SEND A CONFUSING MESSAGE TO OTHER EASTERN EUROPEAN GOVERNMENTS ABOUT HOW SERIOUSLY WE TAKE OUR OWN POLICY LET ME TURN NO TO SOME OF YOUR SPECIfIC CONCERNS ABOUT RECENT US DECISIONS ' I fIRST YOU fELT THE MODIFICATION OF SANCTIONS SHOULD HAVE BEEN fASTER· BROADER AND MORE COMPLETE AS A PRACTICAL MATTER r BELIEVE THE REAL ISSUE HERE IS NOT aUITE AS GREAT AS YOU SUGGEST TH DECISION TO BEGIN RESCHEDULING DISCUSSIONS WITH p6LAND BY ADDRESSING THE STATUS OF THE 1981 RESCHEDULING AGREEMENT AND SEEKING REPAYMENT OF ARREARAGES UNDER THAT AGREEMENT IS THE VERY STEP THAT OTHER OFFICIAL CREDITORS IN THE PARIS CLUa HAVE WANTED US TO TAKE FOR AN ENTIRE YEAR WE AND THE OTHER GOVERNMENTS AGREE THAT THIS IS THE PROPER POINT OF DEPARTURE BEFORE ADDRESSING THE RESCHEDULING OF 1982 OR 1983 DEBT OR THE MUCH LARGER ISSUE OF POLAND r S FINANCIAL TIES WITH WESTERN GOVERNMENTS THESE ISSUES ARE STILL AHEAD OF US ALTHOUGH POLAND'S LIMITED ABILITY NOT TO SPEAK OF WIL INGNESSJ TO MEET EXISTING OBLiGATIONS MAY PROVE AN UNAVOIDABLE OBSTACLE TO ADDRESSING THEM IN ANY MUTUALLY SATISFACTORY AY IN THIS SITUATION ANY PR6pOSAL TO JUMP QUICKLY ACROSS SEVERAL STAGES OF THE PROCESS TO THE ISSUE Of NEW CREDITS OULD FACE MAJOR PRACTICAL OBSTACLES NO MATTER WHAT THE PREFERENCES OF THE USG WERE FOR THIS REASON THROUGHOUT OUR LONG POLICY REVIEW NEW CREDITS WERE NEVER CONTEMPLATED AS A FIRST STEP TO BE GRANTED IN RESPONSE TO THE VERY SHALL ·MEASURES TAKEN BY THE POLISH GOVERNMENT OUR ALLIES HAVE NOT PROPOSED THAT E DO OTHERWISE AND fEW SEEM LIKELY TO DO SO THEMSELVES THERE IS UNDERSTANDAB E CONCERN fROM SOME Of THE SMALLER LEADERS WHO WANT ACTION ON MORE RECENT CREDITS BUT THERE HAS BEEN NO RENEGINGn ON THIS POINT BY THE US I THIS HARDLY MEANS HOWEVER THAT OUR RES HEDULING DECISION O ERS POLAND NOTHING WHILE T E WARSAW GOVERNMENT MAY VOICE GREAT AND LOUD DISSATISFACTION THER CAN BE NO DOUBT THAT IT EXPECTS THIS STEP TO BE -' €6PlfnENTI L _ • I' t f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 -- -- -- -- - --_ # -' - _ I r o Jr •• --- - ------------- --- -- '--- - -- ---- E' tr ' 'i r E9 PI FI H tJ TI A L 5 THE BEGIN ING OF A RETURN TO NORMAL FINANCIAL DEALINGS WITH THE WEST AS SUCH POLAND'S RELATIONS WITH WESTERN COMMERCIAL BANKS WILL EVENTUALLY BE MADE EASIER AND ITS CHANCES OF GAINING PRIVATE CREDITS WILL GRO THIS IS HOT AT ALL AN INSIGNIFICANT INCENTIVE AS FOR THE LESSER ISSUE OF FISHING RIGHTS COMPLAINTS ABOUT OUR ACTION WERE AGAIN THE PREDICTABLE POLISH PROPAGANDA RESPONSE BUT NATURALLY WE DO NOT TAKE SUCH PR ESTS AT FACE VALUE THE GOP IS ENTIREL FREE TO OPEN DISCUSSIONS ON JOINT VENTURES AND FORMALLY TO REQUEST A QUOTA IT WILL DOUBTLESS CONTINUE TO DENOUNCE US AS -IT DOES SO IN SUM OUR POLICY IS BASED AS I HAVE SAID ON A NECESSARILY CAUTIOUS STEP-BY-STEP APPROACH WE HAVE DISTINGUISHED 8ET EEN SHORT- AND LONG-TERM GOALS AND EXPRESSED OUR READINESS TO RESPOND TO REAL IMPROVEMENT INSIDE POLAND WITHIN EITHER TIME FRAME THERE IS NO CERTAINTY OF EARLY RESULTS THE MOST SUBSTANTIAL BENEFITS'WE CAN CONFER ON POLAND DEPEND ON WHETHER SUBSTANTIAL 8ENEfITS ARE CONFERRED ON THE P LISH PEOPLE UNTIL THEN IT IS NOT OUR CREDI iLi Y BUT THE POLISH GOVERNMENT'S THAT IS AT STAKE AS CAUT OUS AS IT IS HOWEVER I DON'T BELIEVE OURS IS A POLICY OF DESPAIR AND I WOULD ENCOURAGE YOU NOT TO SEE IT IN THIS LIGHT EITHER YOU ARGUE THAT CONIUTIONS IN POLAND TODAY ARE BETTER THAN BEFORE AUGU'st 1980 FRANKLY MY OWN VIEW IS MORE SKEPTICAL AFTEk ALL IN AUGUST L980 THE CREATION OF SOLIDARITY AHD 'THE FERMENT THAT WENT WITH IT WERE POSSIBLE THEY O NOT SEEM POSSIBLE TODAY OR TOMORRO YET IF YOU ARE RIGHT THEN IT STRIKES ME AS PERHAPS TOO CATEGORICAL TO SAY THAT US POLICY IS NOT ORKING WHICHEVER OF US IS RIGHT OUR TIME-HORIZONS CANNOT BE SHORT IN A CASE Ln E THIS V' ' • NOT EVERY DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE AS YOU CA PROBABLY IMAGINE STIRS REAL DISCUSSION AMONG THOSE WORKING ON THE ISSUE IT RAISES YOURS DID A N lH APPRECIATED HEARI G YOUR VIEWS SINCERELY STtPHEN W BOSWORTH END TEXT - yyy I' C9HFIBEHTIAL _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476896 Date 01 11 2018 - ---- C06416991 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED PA Fl 1 • ' MEL130U 00413 CFrXCIA us 3Me4i ACTION 9P 02 H FO tJCT 01 E9 01 i Q @ _ ••••••• ••• ········2 0e2a R 24006 Z FEa FM AM O SVL MELBOURNE TO e CSTATE WA HOe 3790 LiMITEO C FICiAL USE MELBOU N€ 4i3 DISSENT CHANN I o 1ie 2 NA SU8Ja DISSENT CHANNE MEaSA E lsie LABOR REPORi OR AUSTRALIA iHia 1 68AAE tRA 5 Iia Dis8ENT CHA NEL vi pbI T O nc -L----- - - __ __ c_-- _ _ __ 0l I TIC A 0 II' i1 R Mel 0 RNe I _ -- -r - ---c---l 1 u sn THAT 8 e QIFIT Z9UTE COPIES 'lOT ONLY B6 jo BE L BiED ON PAGE o yEPT'S A-a0 6Ui TQ sn 1 MR DONAL9 e HAR IS· F-A RA ANn CHRrBi PHER A SQUIRE EA A P Wi QALE GOOO H 2 EM 8 ASS if i CAN SER A HAS EAoe IN PART AS euaMI ' T D A 3 OoAT E0 FE·8 UARY 16 i ' WHI FoLLowei liTHE FolL bWU 1 1916 L A 3QR R PORT FOR lveT U U WAR rlRITTEN ay I POL ITICAl OFPICER I _ AND s F IN FORW ROEO TO T E DEPARTMeNT WITHQU • AMENOMENT AT HIS tNSIAT NCE TM o tTteAL $ECTJ O THE ECO llOt IC SEcnON TIolE OEIDUTV r HtE OF MUSIQN ANO I HAV REVIEWEO THxe EPO T A O co MOT CONCUR I MANY _ OF ZTS ASFECTe AND INTERPRE TIONS W FINO XT AeICALLY A oualo e A A Y5IS TENOENT cye_ANo IN aOME IN T NCES FACTU LLY ERRON OUS E DO OT THINK XT IS 4 US FWL O ACCU8ATE A SES MENT QF T E_AU5TR LIAN LA OR iC NE THE EMBASS S VIEWS OM TH 1976 AUSTRALIAN Aeo sCENE LIMITeD nFpICI L USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 IB6 'C0641699r1ED u s Department of State I U Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 urr IA uo p j ril I l PAGE ' ' d 9 • 2 ARE CONTAINED IN AIRGRA A 01e OF EB UARV ie 19'7 HARGROVEiI 3 OR RE SO S wHic FoLLOW u Poe o THie ME S G IS TO R QUEST T AT SUSJ CT REPORT e MESSASa UPON ARRIVAL IN D PT t REO eIGN TEO DI SENT CH NNEL till· • • A AGRE M NT I THOUGHT f HAO WITH PuLtTJC L COU SeLOR IN CANeERRA 'REA HEO IN TELEPHQN CO V RSATION WA THAT EM84S$Y HAVI G O JNO tACCOROING To OLITIC AL COUNSEI O J THAT MY ANNUAL LABOR R PORT C NT IN FINAL rORM TO C NeERR FROM MEI BOUR El CQNiAINEO ERRORS _WOULD UND TAKE TO COgRECT ERgO S IN COVERING AIRGRAM AND SUBMIT EPORT AS NCLOSURE TO COV RING AI GRA a IN ciRCUMSTANC S FLATLY STATtNG AS A 3 DO S TRAT 1 I ISTED TH T e a S$Y SU9 I g PORT WIT OUT CHA S COMPLETE V MlS SPRES NTS MY P OSITION W Ie i IHS T 'lAt • _IF R PORT_CbNTAJNEO E RORe I HAD NO OBJECTION H TSO VER TO EMBASSV IDENT FYING AND CQR ECT tlG THEM VIA COVgR NG AIRGRAM C HAO i fAKE POSIflON WHi H A 6UGQ 6TS i W00L HAVE RESORTEO TO OISSENT C NNEL_MQNTHI AGO CSINCE N U L REPORT AS OUE I WASHINGTON FEaRU R 1 HAD t LEARNEQ ARLIER THAN t QlP THAT e B SV WAe SXTTING qN REPORT E O NG _ PREPA ATION O COUNTER EPooT I WOULD HAVE RESO TEO AT ONCE TO D S NT CHANNEL O UNFO TVNATE Y HOW V R T NO TIME OVRIN 'MO TH IN QUEstioN 010 E BAS$Y AQV SE E THAT IT WA PLANNX G TO SUBMIT MY REPORT UNgE COV OF COUNTgY TEAM REJECT O LTP T NO TI E OVRING MONTH N QUfeT N 010 MBAeSY AO IeEME T AT IT WAS PREPARING ITS OWN COUNT R-REPORT PO ITICAL COUNSEI OR OID NOT TELEPHO E M TO L T M KNOW W A WAS GOING O WNTIL FEBR4ARV 17 tMY PORT_W 8 DAT D_J NUARY 17 AND DID NoT GET COpy OF COU TER RepORT TO ME UNTIL FESRUAqy 22 LIMIT O OFFICIAL USE - LIMITED OFFIciiL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416991 IED - Date 10 11 2017 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 743 Doc No C06416991 ' z- · -' ril I' J I LIMITED OFF CIAL USE t lil q PAGE 03 _HAVINQ - I · 'II OW EAD COU TER R ORLI HAVE_NO C HO P BUT 'TO CQNC UO THAT E 8 sSy'a OeJ CTION TQ W AT I PRE A EO STE S • E peIMARI Y fRO OISAGREEMENT_ XT BTAIN CONQLU QN§ PT WITH ANY MISSTATEMENTS F7AC _ CWHI l h_WHATEV R Ttl Y IGHT HAVE 8g N CR LQ AV EEN O A T tTfoI eA l V NQ P O Pt I Y tN • PRIGINA · GRE O uPoN eOVEBI G AtRgRAMl • T I EtNG CASE I M ·F Q%NO n DIPrICVLT TO AC OUNT -r O 1 5M9A 8Y ' 9 eA% UR 'TO C TICfZE CONCLVSION Exp R seER N OTH RwREPgRTS 1 H VE PREPAR O _ NCEI AeT _M4RC H7ESPgCtAL 1 Y- UNC ANNU I SUMMARY • DOES L t1T MORe THAN R RfAP NO CONF -IRM CONCLUSI ONS REACHED Af JQ e PQRTXNG D JR G 19 B E EADIN QTHER 8EP'0RT§ WIL I BEAR OUT· THIS TATE NT • E D UaERS OF COUSSE WIL L JUDGE FOR THEMSEL EVES W Iq OF Twg REL IABLE PERCEPTIVE AND - - - ANNU REPORj8 USEFUL oI V _ J IS MORE COMPI ETE - I I f AS l gE IT R£SPONSI6 IL TV OF L BQRlPQI TICAL Q F CER IS TQ -CAL L THEM AS_ HL ee S TtjE ESP C AL L ' IF _ a IS CAC ING 'THEM FROM GEOGBAPHI AL L OCATION OTHER T AN C API AL CITY V UEMOe_bA OR POkJrrCAL OFEI ES IS TH T E EN F HIS OFFtCE IS P YSICAL L Y L QCATE D 'EM A SY He vI wa OEVE OPMENTS F80M OIFFER NT EE8SP CT1VE NQ S OFTeN IN p o r ION TO _ PROVIO CONTRABTIN ceUT ·NOT ECESSARIL V INVAL IO' I SrG TS I T RPREATI NS • IT E M§ rb ME TH T E BASSy po T CAL A D ECO OMIC OFFIC RS HAVE ME E OPPORrUNITIES o PR SENT • T E R VIEW A D INTERPReT TAQ S WIT TUT 9EING SgCONO GUES Ea BY A Os o I Ea AND THAT LAeOR QFFICERS S Ou p HAVE SMI XAR OepORjUNIT% S IT GOES ITHO T SAYI G OF CQUSSe THAT NO AND OFFICER SHO O INFORMA nON BE PERMITTEO TO SUBMIT OEMONSTRA I ERRONEOUS 4 tN viEW OF FOREQOI G I WPULO L KE TO UR g T Af eROvI§ION MADE ON AGENOA O' FO THCOMING AeoR RFFICE O R NCE I _ EW QE HI OR DI$CUS ION·OC ROLE O LAaO QLITtICA OFFICERS IN LIGHT BRAN OF PERI NCE OF PAST • 1 tMtil ' I P ' ' ' SEVERAl YeARS -- I LiMITED OFfICIAL USE wo- MELBOU 0 413 - I NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416991 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 705 5 IEDU S Department of State f l § ifKl - -_ ' -------------------- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417055 Date 10 11 2017 DE PA RT ME NT 0 F STAT E J W shlnillon D C c 20520 ' y 'lID June I 1977 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE 86 RELEASE IN PART American Embassy Jidda 86 Dear Mr Eblan I think you deserve a word of explanation for our long delay in responding to your dissent 'message on terrorism sent last February As you know from oui acknowledgme t I am the coordinator for a reply We have been trying manfully 'to get a reply to Ambassador Porter I s 'earlier message of January 25 and then we thought we would try our hand at a reply'to you Not having succeeded in answering the Ambassador we are not getting very far in answering your message The terrorist experts are going to talk to Ambassador Porter thls week when he is in the Department We are 'about t9 undertake a review of terrorist policy and the ideas which you and he have sen us will naturally be considered Your'9wn interest in protecting Foreign Service personnel is of 90urse a major priority in our consideration although exactly qow we do this in a new policy remains to be workeq out - ' -This is not an official reply to your rnes age but you will be receiyin 6n in due course I thought you would like to know-that· although the Department is slow i t' rarely for ge'ts Sincerely Richard B Finn Nember Policy Planning S aff '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417055 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc-N'o C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - to •• RELEASE IN PART 86 ' LIMITED OFFICIAL US E S P lJGARTEN X-21494 9 23 76 S P RBARTHOLOMEW ARA LA CEN MWEISSMAN AID LA CEN ECARTER S P NBOYER SIP ONLY ROUTINE GUATEMALA ROUTINE TEGUCIGALPA DISSENT CHANNEL ROBERT SHULER ONLY FO E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR 86 SUBJECT REPLY' TO DISSENT MESSAGE OF· I' - - -_ _ _ _ _---1 REf AIRGRAM A-22 DTD MARCH 29 1976 WE SINCERELY REG'RET THE DELAY IN RESP·ONDING TO YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SUMMER 'VACATIONS AND PERSONNEL TRANSFERS INTERRUPTED 'THE INVESTIGATION PROCESSES IN ADDITION THEY CAUSED CONSIDERABLE DELAY IN THE CLEARANCE P 0 CED UR _ ' j ' 1 ·i j t 1 ' 2 IN YOUR MESSAGE YOU DESCRIBE THE HONDURAN AGRARIAN REFORM LAW AND AID'S SUPPORTiNG ROLE IN THE HONDURAN PROGRAM YOU RAISE ESSENTIALLY TWO MAJOR ISSUES -- YOU SUGGEST THAT OUR FOREIGN ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS BE SCREENED THROUGH FORMAL JUDGMENTAL CRITERIA BASED UPON US POLITICAL-ECONOMIC PHILOSOPHY - YOU ALLEGE THAT AID'S SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN REFORM IN HONDURAS HAS HAD A DEBILITATING EFFECT ON p RIVATE OWNERSHIP VIS-A-VIS STATE OWNERSHIP'1 AND 'HENCE IS 'NOT COMMENSURATE WITH US INTERESTS 3 WE WILL ADDRESS EACH POINT IN TURN L LIM ITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLA SIFIED - -1 % ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - _-------------------- -------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - LIMITED OFfICIAL USE I 2 FIRST CONCERNING fORMAL JUDGMENTAL CRITERIA WE CAN DISCUSS THIS SUBJECT ONLY IN PRINCIPLE SINCE YOU DID NOT PROVIDE A PROPOSED TEXT OF ANY SPECIFIC CRITERIA NEVERTHELESS 'THE fOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT 'DOES CONTAIN CONSIDERABLE GUIDANCE KS TO THE ·DIRECTION OF OUR fOREIGN ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS FOR EXAMPLE PARTS OF IT MANDATE A CONCENTRATION ON ASSISTANCE TO THE RURAL POOR AND ON SPECIFIC SECTORS SUCH 'AS AGRICULTURE EMPHASIZE THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE PRIVATE SECTOR ENCOURAGE THE· DEVELOPMENT OF COOPERATIVES CALL FOR 'SUPPORT OF AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAMS INCLUDING CONSOLIDATION AND REDISTRIBUTION OF LAND WITH A VIEW TO INSURING A WIDER AND MORE EQUITABLE DISTRIBUTION Of THE OWNERSHIP OF LAND 5 FURTHERMORE' CONGR'ESS HAS SPECIFIED THAT BEFORE PROVIDING ASSISTANCE AID MUST EXAMINE THE EXTENT TO WHICH A COUNTRY IS MAKING ECONOMIC SOCIAL AND POLITICAL REFORMS SUCH AS TAX COLLECTION IMPROVEMENTS AND CHANGES IN LAND TENURE ARRANGEMENTS THAT WILL ENABLE IT TO ACHIEVE DEVELOPMENTAL OBJECTIVES MORE EFFICIENTLY AND JUSTLY 6 THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT OF COURSE CONTAINS MUCH MORE IN THE WAY Of FORMAL GUIDANCE 7 WE THEREFORE QUESTION WHETHER THERE IS A REQUIREMENT FOR ADDITIONAL FORMAL CRITERIA OF A GENERAL NATURE FOR FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACTUALLY AT A TIME WHEN OUR RELATIONS WITH THE DEVELOPING WORLD ARE 'BECOMING MORE IMPORTANT AND INCREASINGLY COMPLEX WE WOULD ARGUE FOR MORE NOT LESS FLEXIBILITY IN OUR BILATERAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE THIS OF COURSE IS NOT TO SAY THAT OUR POLICIES SHOULD UNDERMINE OUR NATIONAL INTERESTS BUT THAT THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE-ACT TOGETHER WITH OTHER· 'PERIODIC GUIDANCE FURNISHED BY AID TO THE FIELD APPEARS TO PROVIDE SUFFICIENT INFORMATION TO SERVE THE NATIONAL INTEREST AND SUCH GUIDANCE APPEARS TO MEET YOUR OWN CONCERNS 8 SECOND THE HONDURAN CASE ITSELF CAN BE -EXAMINED THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT STATES THAT DEVELOPMENT PLANNING MUST BE THE RESPONSIBILITY OF EACH SOVEREIGN LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 LIM TED I OFFICIAL USE 3 COUNTRY AND T AT UNITED STATES ASSISTANCE SH9ULD BE ADMINISTERED IN A COLLABORATIVE STYLE TO SUPPORT THE DEVELOPMENT GOALS' CHOSEN BY EACH COUNTRY RECEIVING ASSISTANCE ALTHOUGH AID ENCOURAGED THE DEVELOPMENT OF N AGRARIAN REFORM PROGRAM IN HONDURAS AND PROVIDED ASSISTANCE IN ITS DEVELOPMENT THE LAW WAS FORMULATED BY THE GOVERNMENT OF HONDURAS AND EVOLUTION Of THE REfORM WILL BE DETERMINED BY THE GOVERNMENT IN CONSULTA-TION WITH RELEVANT HONDURAN INTEREST GROUPS IT IS OUR UNDERSTANDING THAT AID REQUIRED ITS LOCAL MISSION TO REVIEW PROVISIONS Of THE LEGISLATIaN INCLUDING COMPENSATION AND APPEALS PROVISIONS AND CONCLUDED THAT AID SUPPORT WAS CONSISTENT WITH THE FOREIGN ASSISTANCE MANDATE •• • • A __ _ - - 9 WHILE AID IS MAINTAINING A CAREFUL AND CONTINUOUS EVALUATION OF THE PROGRAM THE RETURNS ARE OF COURSE NOT YET IN ' AID'S VIEW IS THAT THE HONDURAN AGRARIAN REfORM PROGRAM H6LDS THE POTENTI L TO EXPAND A RICULTURAL PRODUCTION AND INCREASE INCOMES fOR THE RURAL POOR 80TH' OF WHICH ARE CLEA L9- s-p6LtCY OBJE TIVES AID ALSO 8ELIEVES THAT THERE IS A 'BETTER THAN EVEN CHANCE THAT THE HONDURAN' LAND REFORM SETTLEMENTS WILL EVOLVE INTO PRIVATE COOPERATIVES NOT STATE fARMS FOR EXAMPLE 1 MANY OF THE SETTLEMENTS ARE ALREADY FUNCTIONING AS COOPERATIVES EVEN THOUGH THEY MAY NOT YET ENJOY COMMENSURATE LEGAL STATUS 10 WE HOPE THAT THIS MESSAGE ADDRESSES YOUR CONCERNS WE AGAIN COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WELCOME ANV f RTHER THOUGHTS YOU HAVE ON THIS SUBJECT YY L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J ' - - -- - - _-_ - ---- _ - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431360 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSJFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431520 Date 11 13 2017 ennn nnnnnni tn n n n n j----· LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Departlnent oj'State PAGE 01 STATE eOaJlDl 3611 ORIGr r f IIIFO OCT-I11 ISO-09 ES-Dl I B736Z IU 7 THAnX YOU FOR SffARIlIG YOUR IDEAS IIlTK US THROUGH THE DISSElrr CHAlfIIEl CHRISTOPHER OFF'lCIAl USE STATE DDSOS3 AIDAe OISSENT CHAIlNEl • FOR E O com 6 IE DO AGREE TK T THERE couto BE A DAIIGER OF THE sueSIOY'S BECOI1I1lG TOO tARGE AIID GOrHitlUllIG OVER TOO LOIIG A PERIOD liE fITEI O TO GIVE THESE AriD OTIlER SEIISITIVE ASPECTS OF THIS PROGRAIt CAREFUL ATTENT 1011 AS liE PROCEED IIITH ITS I IIPL EI'IEtlTATI 011 DRAFTED BY LA HRSD GPHllllPS S P CFARRAR JM EAG APPROVED BY SIP AtAlIE IIiITEO TELEGRAM coae03 DENE ITS TO OUTII£IGH THE 1004 R ARA RI'P T60 ll E SIP OPEN fORUI1 OK IIIEY MILA COY SilL MOOD HAl I1SCHIIE IOER •••• __ ···_··-····-115184 R 112323Z JAIl 78 Fli SECSTATE IIASHOC TO AI'IEHBASSY LA PAZ ST ATE OUTGOING 1I S2 LI_ _-- IFROI1 SIP LAKE lilA TAGS SUBJHT AIFlD PROPOSAL fOR USG ASSISTAlleE TO ORll REf lA PAZ 8776 1 liE HAVE STUDIED YOUR MESSAGE OnJECTJIIG TO THE GRANT OF US GOVERIII1ENT rUflDS TO O fl j THE GROUIIOS TIfAT IT HAY DMAGE THE IMAGE OF 'iMT O% lmATIOII so nUCH AS TO OUTI EIGIl THE BElIEF ITS or AH EXPANDEO PROGRAH 2 THE CONCERIIS YOU EXPRESS ERE COliS I DEREO aEFORE A DECISIOll liAS t OE AFTER ISCUSSIOII AT THE IUIIIS L r BOR ATTACHE CQIIFERElICE IlIERE YOU litRE PRESEIIT AlID lADE ESSE I· TI llY THE AME rOlllTS THE AID MISSIOUS litRE ASKED fOR COKtlEUTS BY STATE CABLE 243DD4 Of THE TlIWTY RHPOIIDERS FOURTEE I SUPPO TEa THE PROPI S 1l ABOUT HALF 1I1 1H SDl'tE KIIIO OF RESERV TlOU AIID SIX IlERE N£UTRAl olle or THE tATTER RECOI1llEIlDED AGAIIiST ACTIVITIES III THAT PPRT CULAR COUNTRY ONl Y THE 111 S5 Ions III ARGEIlT ilIA AHD BOL I'll A EXPRESSED COlleERU AeOUT ORIl ACCEPT IlIG USG SUPPORT 3 PRESUIiABl Y THE lABOR ORG rlllATlOIIS THEMSElVES lOUt a BE PARTICULARLY SEHSITIV£ TO m XIIIO OF DAMAGE YOU IIARII OF liE UNDERSTAND THAT TRE ORIT ExeCUTIVE BOARO COIISIOEREO THE OUEST Ion BEFORE AUTHOR I WIG jHE SECUTARY GEllERAl TO HAKE IFlD HAS ASSUREO US THAT THEY ARE 1I0RHltlG VERY CUlSELV IIJTH TilE An·CIO 011 THE MATTER THUS THOSE MOST CLOSEl V AltO DIREcn Y if VOL VEO DO tior SEEH TO FEAR THE COIl5 QIJEIICES OF USG ASSISTAtlCE II fORItAL REOUEST FOR ASSISTAllct 4 FlHALt Y WE BEL IEVE IT IS IMPORIAIIT TO TAKE IIITO COli· SIDERATlorl THE EMPHASIS au KUMAr' RIGHTS IINClUOlllG TRADE UllfON RIGhTS THAT CHARACTERIZES tJSG ACTiVITY 1 1 lAlIIl AHER ICA OEI1 lCRATI C LABOR REPRESEIITATI VE S III THE ARE A ARE IIt Ll AIIARE Of OUR ATTI TUDES AIID ARE III SYMP THY IIITH T1 f HUliAN RIGHTS ASPECTS OF us tABOq POll CV THEilE IS A lEII HOOD Of TRUST AIID COIltlDErlCE AHD liE TII1IIK US ASSISTArlCE TO OR I T CAN lISfFUlL Y COlirR IBUTE TO HAT TAt US IS lOIItG tIl THE LABOR FIELD I 11£ EXPECT All AVTOHATIC IJIIFAVIlRABLE REACTIOII liE 'IRE IIOT DO IIG JUSTICE TO THE BEIlEFICIAL 'MPACT OUR POLICIES AND OUR ASSISTAIICE CAll HAVE S IIIIltE THERE HAY BE DAMAGE TO TilE ORIT IMAGE IN $OIlE REGIONS PERHAPS rOR E7 AI1PLE III 90llVIA TKE CL£ R IIAJORITY Of lABM' EXPERTISE FAVORS tHE PROGRAH AIm EXPECTS THE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431520 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445670 Date 12 11 2017 Departf1 ent Of tate IRELEASE IN FULLI SEeRST PAr E 01 A HARA ' IT JI • TELEGRAM 9568 2719 5Z 00281 E· · 16 ACTION SS-25 ' X D' I t S s NFO ·· _ ·O T Al 150 00 530-00 0 117 'r J'Z FEB 75 i FM Af4CONSUL ASMARA I NSCE·r J0· _ ____ • • • • • e '- 1026 W • • • • _ '081076 TO SEC8TATE 'WASHDe NIACT IMMEDIATE 3228 NFO EMB4SSY ADDIS ABAB NIACT IMMEDIATE I I F 'S A 'f T ASft1ARA 0281 I Exnzs ' NDFORN E' X 0 EF I ' S IE Xl EO 11 eS21 XGDS TAI S J PFOR MARR ET US SuBJECT DISSENTING VIEW ON ETHIOPIAN HILlTA RY REPLENl SHHENl REQUEST ADDIS A8ABA 23 5 l 1 WHOLE EARTEDLY ENDORSE VIEWS' ADVANCED REpre L PART CU A LY COMMENTS PARA 5 • I FIND IT INCREDIBLE THAT WE HAVf YET T O nl CUSS EHITPtiN INSURGENCV IN REAL TERMS WITH ·EP G SURE ¥ WE· P ESENT OURSELV ES AS MEDIATORS' OR AT LEASl R ISE THE' QUESTION WH CH WE HAVE NOT VET DONE BEFOR WE BLINDLV ACCEDE fO THE'EPMG ARMS SUPPLY REQUEST r AN SHERRY -0 1 i i' S - NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE AUTHORI Al'ION OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETA'RY ' - i RiT ' -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445670 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446041 Date 12 11 2017 _ 4 _ _ _ __ _ ' - - - DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnllon O C 20520 september 15 1976 ' MEMORANDUM I TO la LAB - FROM SIP SUBJECT Your Dissent Regarding Employee Rights in Security Interviews - ' ' ' ' ginald BarthOlome1i Hng When Win Lord wrote you August 23 about two facets of your dissent message which concerned three separate issues he told you he would pursue further the matter of employee rights in security interviews ' Since then he has initiated discussions on this matter with the Office of Security and ith th Under Secretary for Management r j In your dissent message you referred-to a letter you wrote the Director General in which you observed that 'Department employees have not been made aware that in certain kinds of security interviews whether or not they answer questions about other employees is voluntary II And you sugg sted that employee rights in secur-ity interviews should be published in the Dep rtment's Newsletter I have been informed that as a result of your suggestion an article of the kind you suggested is being written and will appear soon in the Newsletter May I like Win thank you again for using the Dissent Channel ' The interest you have shown' in employee rights and other aspects of the Department's policies and practices and your use of the Di sent Channei n that regard have had definite positive results Drafted S P DkPetterson gMcPSt 9 15 76 XZ0993 Clearances M - ·Mr · MCMana SY - Mr Dikeos p- SIP-OF - Mr - Ye UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446041 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476326 Date 01 11 2018 - ----- '-'·--utra tl-U if U -lrY--lJiJT 'lttrTn'- -------- ' ' - ' -M • PAGE 01 SECRET Depamilent of State ROME 21467 02 Of 02 OCT-O ' TELEGRAM 221122Z RELEASE IN FULL P CTIOII SP-02 INFO INGOMIUG COPY-Ol ADS-OO SSO-OO ES-Ol ------------------345731 o 4963 1005 W 2211272 112 38 2 2 11- 9 Z SE P 8 2 FM AME aASSY ROME TO SECSTA'TE WASHDC IMMEDIATE 1161 5 E e R T SECTION 02 OF 02 R'OME 21467 01 SSE IlT CHANNEl TO PARIS MOSCOW TU'·II·S RABB TEL AVIV JERUSHE·M CAIRO AND I I SEC ET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2M6-07743 Doc No C06476326 Date '01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446553 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Waahlnc1on D C 20520 February 20 1978 MEMORANDUM AF E TO 86 I SIP SUBJECT Dissent Channel Memorandum on the Horn - Anthony • L FROM I have received your dissent memorandum pn p S policy in the Horn In order that your views can be considered prior to the February21 SCC'meeting on the issue I have distributed copies to the Secretary the Executive Secretary and the Chairman of the Open Forum as well as the Under Secretaries for Political Affairs and Secur ity Assistance the Assistant Secretary for African Affairs and the Director for Politico-Military Affairs Dan Spiegel on y staff will be coordinating our reply J I appreciate your using the channel and will be resporiding shortly to the issues you have raised UNCLASSSIFIED wi SECRET ATTACHMENT - -- -- --- - ---- ------ ------ ------ -------- _- --_ --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat 3 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446553 Date 12 11 2017 C06417056 IED U S Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 DocNo C06417056 Date 10f11 2017 l 'J JlmIP - DEPARTMENJ OF STATE ' • Wash nllton D C 20520 September· '3'0 r 1977 86 SIP ' 'Anthony' Lake FROM SUBJECT Dissent Channel Message This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent channel 'memorand on decontrol and release of LOU and unclassified material Cameron Hume of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a· substantive reply Copies of your memo have been distributed to the Secretary r ·the Executive Secretary and· the' Cha'irman of the Open' Forum as w'ell as to the Assistant ecretary for Public Affairs and the Legal Advisor Ne cominend your use of the dissent channel and wilL reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted • •• -- _ - - - -- -- ___ • -_ ' • - ••• J - - - - • _ _-- - ' - _ _ __ --- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417056 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431521 Date 11 13 2017 u- ir Uf ' fst3s - -r Dg - - ' f t Deliartnlen ' E STATE ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 ISO-00 OUTGOING 0 ' State TELE GRAM 9767 268302 ONY- RELEASE IN PART 003 R 86 DRAFTEb BY S P SDMILETICH BDM APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P CFARRAR S P-OF OSt lNNEY DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONt Y - -- ---------------040J37 ' 1 1025Z I R 091628Z NOV 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC' TO AMEMBASSY LA PAZ UNCLAS 'STATE 2 8302 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N 'A TAGS N A SUBJECT DISSENT RI F FOR o CHANNEL MESSAGE LA PAZ 8776 - 1_ _ _- -_ _- - ' FI10M S P-LAKE· I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RE'CE PT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE OF OCTOBER 3 197 MR CUR'rIB FARRAR OF THE PO ICY Pl ANNING STAFF HAS BEEN 'DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CH RGE Of' A SUBSTANTIVE R PLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATEO DISSENT CHANNEL REGULA IONS YOUR MESSAGE 1-1A5 SEEN C RCULATI O TO TkE Or-FICES OF THE SECRETARY THE gXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHI IRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSI STANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIR ANO THE ADMINISTRATOR OF THE AGENCY FOR INTERNAT ONAL DEVELOPMENT WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS pOSSrOLE TO THE IEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE g UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431521 Date 11113 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 12 2017 Depar 1112 e l t --- -- I I 01- State - l J -----____ t J l ' IRE LEASE IN PART 86 A n '' Jt rJJ v f t f id· r C· J or - l I tJ i H t J 1 S 42 l heTLON SS hl n R 271320Z Ft i5 FM AMtM8 $SY ADUI ABABA TU SECSTAT WASHDe IMMEDIATE NFO AMCONSul ASHARA r e 338 E T Sf CTION 1 Of 2 ADDIS ABABA 2335 - F xnI5 NUFORN F O 11652 ' ' 05 Ar sr PFOR MA R Ei uS GAJ CT ETHIOPIAN MILITARY REPLENISHMENT REQUEST REF A DIS ' tJTING VIEW AODIS 151217 6 t JAVCOMIINIT ASMARA 25o 1 0Z FES 75 I I 1 THr Ni ERS j Gt-JEO MEMB RS OF TI-II EMBPtSSY AND I 11 FRn RE TEL A WHICH lL LISTING SIX POSSIBLE COUHSfS OF ACTION Rt ATIVE TO iMF ETHIOPIAN A MS REQUEST DID NOT AKE POSITIVE Rf OMMENOATIONS AS TO WHICH WAS ThE tST OURbE TU fOLLuW E I I I'fl H UISS N r r ONGI Y D LI VE THAT T E ETHIOPIAN REPLENISHMENT REQUEST SHOULu NO 6 GRANT U IN ANY PART AT THIS TIME wE ONCUR WITH PARA 3 OF RFFT L nlSA VANTAG S OF REJECTION' AND w AWARE OF uRSTANTIAL SUPPO T FOR THE D RGP POLICIeS IN RITREA IN PART AS A ESuLT OF TM ·GOVERNM NT'S PROPAGANDA CAMPAIGN AND THAT ETHIOPIAN UN rY IS OF nVE RIOING IMPOHTANCE TO MANY ETHIOPIANS A N GATIV P 5PONSE ClJuLu BE llSED 6Y THE OIJ lGII TO WHIP UP ANU-AM f RICAN fNTIMENT 4ND FOR THIS R ASON WE FEEL A DELAYING TACTIC IS MORE nE51RA8LE T AN AN OUTRIGHT NEGATIV RESPONS AT THIS TIME OUR POSITION l BA ED ON T E FOLLOWING REASONS NOT TO BE REPRODUCED - ORM • __ WITH ei AUTHORIZATION qF - THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 11 2017 I r L r J · I't- r ' PAr c 1 l2 - ' ' CIq T ' ' ' Y ' -' ' _ 'r ' ' __ ' ' ' ' - 1i' t - ff ' ' ' 01 OF 02 '2 15' 1 Z ' ' ·Jt ' 1 E vc N i 11 nuGIi THE E PM r MAY B t T E 11 PTE T 0 SEVE R IT S J EL AT LON S ' ioij Trl uS T OF THIS DECISION WOuLD' U NL Y HASTf NING I'lN PJr VITABI E C JNF RONTATION WHICH G VI I UUi PROJt CTION Of · RO AnvIl 2335 ' - • ' r ' i - ' ' ' '''' 1 RE IJL Tt1 S 8 in · ¥ ' f ilCTEI £R rRc 4N CONFl ICT W I L 8RING·ADDlTIOI'IAt ANO 1 · AtWER - t' '1MUNl TION RF IUC ST THi PO ITI AL COST ' TO THE us OPf lESTIC ANt V ' F XTt f'jAL 1' fl-lt S I NeVITM3LE REQ UE TS wIL BECOMt ·''l'NCRt ASINGl illFFICUL T TU 1Et T A NEGATIVE REspnNSE 'AT SOMc' POIN t ·tN TrtE I I j •• '' USS ' 1'0 1 ' Ct EUI6 fL I J Y AND AU NATED BOTH THE' 'ER lTREA 'J S ·p -NO T HE I R AR AS' ' TrtEkE AkE INO CATIONS THAT ·80TH T'HF P RC AND H llf lIJKNt i' ' uWN A f'IS REQuESTS 6Y ·THE 'P A II GIV N PV I ET I JE rGNS THt MID fA T AND 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SPTUS ·O INFL UENCE WIt H'THE PNAC hl jr I'H RE IS Nf'J REASON TO BELI VF T'ti q '-PU URE PROV '' ' ' ' I ' '-LnN o A P S 1'40uLu NF CESSARILY ACC 'lM l ISH THIS ' WE BELJ EVf THf ' LJil l'1AS MUCH TO LOSE AND Vt Y 'L 'ITTL E TU GI IN'FROM· S UPPI VINi i r ' T 1F PM WITH WHICH INEvITAflLY wtL L fOR f tH TREAN tJPER l t I '1 NS 'f _ ' ' ' ' r f J r rou j r ·- ' ··R • ' ' • P1t1AC HAS I S LIMITED F'U_ W E B US D' AR T ONG IN'plp 1 rO NS THAT J ' 'w THERE - ' ' 0' 0 ''' ' THF F PMG AND I-'MAC 6 S PRESENTLY cnNSTrTUTEO h4VE AN E T E e LY '' ''' r'1 I-MITtn LIFt c XPF CTANCY IMPENDING I ANO Rt FORMi INTERNAI t ' ' '0111 IrAQ l ISII iITY ANO ETHNIC REL XGIOUS AND REGIONAL DIVISIDNSv Il'l Au CRfAT O N XT EMEL TENUOUS U TAB SIT4ATIR TO SUPPLY TO MAINTAINING INFL U'ENCE WITH SUCWA' GOVERNM NT ' ' ' ' • J • • ' ' I' ' EPMr CA 'NClT ljlf IN E ITREA IN R SPO SE TO A SRF 'QUERY WE AU eA NEQ lH T THE fCO I LONDON RELIEVES THAT ERlrR£ N I nEP ND NrE l VfQy LIKEL V wHILE THIS PPINION IS NOT YET SHARf 0 rr ' rtl'fS I'IITJ I to VJ F w 'i-i' t t F I'I uTILE -- T t 't • l t j NOT ' r' ' ' ' ' ' ot u'E REFROD'UCED··WITHG8g St' l O iX 'TI qt 'E X ICUT'iVE SECRETARY 1 I ' ' • • ' g9 · JS 5 -' - ' •• 'I L• • • ' ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445673 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446042 Date 12 11 2017 iI • ' • • _ ' 1 _ _ •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ August • - •• I - 21 1976t 1 J i t - ' ' 'Ic -_ Mr Lord in connection ith th mem now in the wor s on SY and emplyee' rights I would like you t o know that yesterday I was interviewed by a Civil Service Commission investigator and today by' two FBI officers about my colleagues In both cases the men began asking que'stions without mentioning my righ ts When i asked they -all told me without a split second of hesitation that the interview was voluntary and I need not answer The FBI officers expressed a tonishment tpat I would even ask they aid they hadn't informed me at the beginning of the interview because they assumed everyone knew this I·bring these incidents to your attention because I understand SY is alleging that even if SY should b e willing to grant us the right to remain silent they can't ensure that other investigatDrs will go along ' with this new ' r ight It seems to me the shoe is on the other foot the other agencies are already readily grant'ing this right when asked· • • I suggest that SY grant 'this right and that an announcement be placed in the Newsletter the regulations and on bulletin boards' that in all interviews about colleagues we have the right not to answer and this applies to interviews by SY the FBI or whoever Sincerely el I I l I i I 'j I• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446042 Date 12 11 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 ' UTGOING PAGE 01 OF 02 STATE ORIGIII §f E INFO OCT-DO 30ml ADS-DO S-DI 4644 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SOURCE OF LEVERAGE OVER THE SYRIAIiS THAT EST4SlISHES THE CollDITfOIiS FOR A NEGOTIATEO ORDERLY IID HUIUAl WITHDRAWAL IIITHOUT SUCH A UrUAL II THDR lAI AlID SPECIAL SECURITY PROVrslOliS - SEeRE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 0 SESRET De Jartlnent of State PAGE 02 Of 02 ALOIIG ISRAEl'S 1I0RIHERII BOROER TMt LEGAL GOVERHHEUT or LEBAIIOII lllll I OT BE ABLE TO RESTORE ITS AUTHORITY THROUGHOUT THE lIiIOLE or THE COUI TRY AIIO IHE AREA COULD EA51L Y BETURU TO THE CHAOS AriD IIISIABlll TV THAI • CREATED THE CRISIS III THE fiRST PLACE OUTGOING TELE-GRAM 7 YOUR 5ECO 0 RECOHHEIIOATIOII THAT THOSE RESPO lSI8LE fOR THE IIAS$ACR S 11 THE REfUGEE CMPS AII UER TO LEBAIIES AUIKORIIIES Uill PROBABLY conE ABOUT UIlHOUT AllY AOOI iOIlAL ACTlOIl orl OUR PART T E lEBAIIESE AIIO ISRAELI GOVERlmnns ARE CO lOUellllG IHEIR DUll IIIVESTI' GAT lOllS TBt filiAL SUGGESTIOII Of RECAlliliG OUR AHBASSADOR VOUlD 1I0T SERVE A USEfUL PURPOSE AT IHIS • POIIIT III THE PRESWT CRISIS AIIO IS UllllKElY III ITSElf TO AFrECT U S STAIIOIIiG 1IITH IHE ARABS III REACIIliG TO EVElITS lIHE THE BEIRUT HASSACRES HUST 1101 lOSE SIGHI OF OUR lOIlG'IERH GOAL or IHPLE EHTlHG THE PRESIDEIIT'S PEACE PROPOSALS THROUGH aElirUEO IIEGOll AT I0115 UIIOER THE CAHP DAVID FRAHEVORK BOTH THE ISRAH 1$ AIIO ARABS HAVE STATED HAXIHAl oOPEUIUG POSITIOII$ THAT OlfHR II IHPORIAIIT RESPECTS fROH THOSE Of THE PRESIDEIIT AIIO IT Vill CLEARLY REQUIRE oA PROlONGED EFFORT 0 1 OUR PART TO BRIHG IHEH'TOGETHER UH lLE PURSUIT or THIS OBJECTIVE 11m REQUIRE U S fIRHIIESS IIlTH THE VARIOUS PARTIES OUR ' E'OATE REQUIREMEIIT IS IIOT 10 SEEK COHCESSIOIIS 011 SUDSrAIITIVE ISSUES UT TO BEGIIIIIEGOTlATIOIlS VIIH BROADER ARAB PARTICPATlOII OHE EXTREHEl Y IHPORTAIII ElEIIEII7 Of OUR CURREIIT EfFORTS IS THE SECURIlIG or OUR DOHESTIC BASE THE DEPAR1HEffI BEliEVES THAT THE PRESSURES AGAfIIST ISRAEl YQU SUGGEST ifill IIOT ASSIST III THIS HORT BUT 1I0ULD BE COUIlTER- ·r 8 I ' PRODUCTIVE SHULTZ • ' SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476330 Date 01 11 2018 co 641557 2 IED ·f·· I U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 t u - ' I iRELEASE IN FULLI ' i ' _f i i ONF lOEN Tl AI 01 - i PAGE ACTION SP-02 'I o 'i i - - l @b ' • J 112 OF 4 1111443Z t S 111 1 5 0 - 0 T F Cf '0 -- --- --------142 29Z R 10V 9d2Z F'tfj 77 I Nf 0 FM 0 CT i 1 4MEM AS5y T St CSTA E 28414 '43 BudAPEST I' ASHDC 781 16 CON F·I DEN T I A E O 1165 @ 6UDAJJE 00437 TfC976 SECTIUN 2 Of 4 uUAPEST 0437 i GDS i i Dl SSt Nl -C H'AN ' tL 6 ONG TERM COMMITMtNl TO D HOCRATIC l cALS • IN 5UGGlSfEU SP ECH-S CRETAHY COULo- AK CLEAR lHA'r USG Atc prs 10EOLOGICAL CRALLEN E fHAT COMMONIsT STATES HAVE pDSED TU Iit ST IN I ENEkAL AND U S ·INPAI-i1'itULAR lit S ALL CONjINUE TO-AUVUCATE OEMOCRATIC 10tiLS INCLUOING REpRfSENTiTIY UVE NnENT AND A FHE fCONUMIC SYSTfM • E-I' QUl D fiUPI TU'CuNVINCt COI1MUNlST SfATis 'rO r VOl Vt TUt' AKOS Gr t 'ATER ACC P ANCE UC MUCRATIC Pi NCIF'LES UN B SlS OF THEIR SELF I TEREST IN R T INI G ALLEGIANCE Ai O SUPPO T' Or 1 HtlR UWf'ol PEOPLE USG ' st L RET ARY WOULD A FrRM Wi L CO TINOE TO SUGGtST THAT CDM UNIST STAlES Li E UP TU lHE POLITI AL AND HUMAN Hl HIS IDEALS E PRESSED B IN TIi E I R U1'1 N t 0 NS T nuT lOll SAN U L N I Nit RNA 1 ION ALAG Kt E I EN lS ·l G T EY HAVE SIGNED ' AO EVEH H UULU CKNOWLEOGE SG DOES y NOr HAVE ABILITY OR DtSIRE 6R1NG ABOUT 'iHIS CHANGE ® © Fb CE IN ADDITlbN 0SG RECOGNIZING ACui uF LIMlfED c J j P t 1 AT I 0 rJ I'll L Nor l a 10 I nON IT S 5t AU Nl 5 i r TH C MMUNIST H GIMtS o i CHANGE IN THtfR ciASlc POLITICAL STRUCTURE WHILt I E wILL NUT INTt HFEf-iE If THE INTE NAL POLITICS Of A-COUNT Y TU BRING lO-PU ER THOSE WHO· HAkt OUR 8tLIEf IN utMOCRACY SHOWLl uENUII IE O£i'lOCRATIC -FURCES COMt ' TO PUWt K IN U i'HER courdRI£s NE W1LL LEND 'fh l OUR fUl L S PPORT CONfIOENTIAL ·1 ' ' 'f i ___ f __________________________________ __________________________________ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 2 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 c '- CONFIDENTIAL BUOAPE 00437 -'io ' - -' 1 l 9 HIE S CRt TARY'S J WOULD PREVE T-U S COOPERATION I EipANS U OF DETtNrE AND LEAD TO LIMITATION OF CUUPERATI E RELATlO S-W1TH SOVI T UNIUN UH OTHER oU INT R OT IN FuslEklNG Of HU AN l HYS BEFORE W DEcIOE ON wHET ER AND HOW TU K A'HgM N RIGHTS OAL 8 ® 'l AOVANTAGES OF SPEtCH ON HUMAN RIGHTS tHE POLICY SI't ECH SuGr S1EO HEK£lN wOUl D NoT Gl AWAY ANYTii lNG Ii RATHER'WOULD REC6GNIzE A ASIC RtAllry THAT WILL NOl bkANT O EXPAN0 HOMAN RIGHTS rHE Ex1ENT Of THREiTENING A lLITY to- UVERN IT GOV HNHENI$ T wUU D af' Af'1E ' CUI1MUNISr' SprES fUr THER PiWGf ESS IS t ENlIAL St CH£TARY ADO' AND By MI ANS 01 ' XAOKTATION AT @ BE GRADE 1 11GHT MO ILlz rlON OF ORLO OPl ION-A D OuR jILAf£RAL RE- LA TIONS··WlTH HELS1NKl SlGNATOKIES USG KEEP uP PRESSURi fOR SU H 10PICALCY-ALIYE ISSUES @ WUULO A RIGHT fO'PETITIO -fHEEOOM' OF SPtfGH AND CONSClfijCE f MILY REDNI ICATIN ECRE1ARY UULO-LfT IT BE U O HSTdou THAT IN tA H CASE E WOULD WeIGH OUR OTHER @ pULley INTE Esrs NU UH POWER TO ACT I iOPITION TO 0 PRESEHVING f d EOOI1 OF ACTlON 1 1443Z TD SfALIN1ST REfRESSIUN I Of 4 SPEECH AS BEfOHE IH U S WUULD STICL- E FREE fU·CHOOSE IN'SPECIFiC INSTANCE-S' TACTICS II I·IIL L U t to PRUI10ft f·· •• j H UtlAN I- IGf·dS 1 T- AUI U ATES • StCt- ErAf Y 'IN SP ECH ITSt lf MIGHI Sf AlE OPENLY SOMt CRITErilA BUT NOT SO SPECIfICALLY Ati TO LIMiT OlR FLtXlbILITY fUR EXAMPCi SALT IS OF 0 SUCH OVERKIOI G lrlPURIAN E wE WOU O PHE UMA LE NOT S CRIFICE 11 TO HUM N-RIGH1S ADVOCACY -StCRETARy'MIGHT WiSH S y U TYING O MfN TO QUESTIONO jE lS 1 EHIGRATIO HAS EEN U PROOUCTIVt IN' c 5E OF SOVIET UN 1 0 NAN D SEC E 1 A RY M1 GH T AI I N 0 i L t 0 GE H1 0 E SI R E AdAN I 0 N ThIS TACTlC IN HoPE o f-NCOWRAGlNG PR EUuM Of EMIGRATION BY OTHER @ Mil ODS ON UThE HA U 5ECHtTARY o L0 AHN RETURN @ ' 7 2 AFFi M CH N ELI G OF u s ' EfFoRts rbWARD Ac iEVEMENT RIG f i TS 1'1 HI GH A f ' Al' T AI NAb LtD R Nt Ari A r 'r AI NHEN T N0 II • ONfIDt NTIAL I Q ® t i ' 't @ j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 15572 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 415 5 7 2 IED u s Department of State Case No F-io-16-0T743 'Doc N C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 -I ' ' II ' ' ' lu I I J 1 i i ·1 I CONF I DENT AL J PAGE 03 eUUAPE 004137 '02 Of 14 h11443Z I Wt HAVE ALR AD¥ OEMON r ATE LIMITS ON UUH HUMAN RIGHTS ADVOCACY iN HUNGAKY I 19561 IN CZECHUS U AKIA IN li66 IN r- UREA AI'lU li c ttlLt IT IS TIME ' it UE6IRY' flCKNOI'lU OGE TH ·fMlTATlONS SHORt · Ii-llL AR ur5AS1f OUS CUNSEQUENCES RESULT FkoM CONFLICTb OVtR'P ITICALLY' SENSITIVE-HUMAN lGHTS l THE DRAffER1 OP1NiuN SPEt H HE P U U51NG NUT IN C NfL1CT ltH U S LE ERSJ RECENT SfAtEAtNTS ON HUMAN R HrS tl T SUPPLEMt N1S THOSE STA1EAT S IN IHPO TANT WAY T 'fXTENT RECtNT OffICIAL STATEHENT ON HUM N RIGHTH HAVE AlREADY BtEN CH RGEU ITH BEING AMB1GUOUS'ANO SELF·- CUNTRAOICrORY SPt t Cli BEING SuGGESTt O-Htl'lt l N iOULO UP fULLY-OEfUS H S HARGES ' - 1 j' 9 HE POLICY STATtMt NT SUGG TED HEREIN SHOU D ALSO EHAB £ US 10 PORSUt DETENTE ANI ENCOURAGt HUM-AN H IGHTS S MULTANEDu LV dY PLACING A LIMIT O U S HUMAN iGHTS A VOCACY It wOULO AVUIP UNNEcESSARILY p tiYOKING CONfHONTATION A U A HARP NING O 50 ItT POSITION 8E5ItS MAKING hUMAN RJ GHTS At1 IVISTS iN EASTERN E uRUPc AWARt LIMlTS Of OUR P ACTICAL-S0PPOKT IT'WOULD ENCUURAGE THtM 10 CHANNEL T EI EFFURTS IN AriE M NNEH AS USG ALD SAME CONSTRUCTIVE Ll ES ANO I TO SAME A EAS OF POTENTIAL OGRE5S CIT O P A 3 A OVE SUGGtstEO POLICY ST EME T wOULD ENriANCE Ot'PQKTUNI fV FOR ·cUN iTRUCTlVi COUP RAT 10 '1 HA1 'IER THAN' tCUSATIV CUNFRONfAT1UN AT 8 LGRADE tHIS' YEAR IT WOULD T US BE M0RE LIKELY T ACHIEvt TH Rt iGHEtMENT TO 'MEASURED EiPANSIUN Uf HUMlN RI rlTS IN COAMUNJ ST COON1RI S ' THE puLley BUNG SUGGt S i EU ESCHEwS - - ' ViOLfNCE UR INCIT MeNt TO VIO ENCE IT IS VALID fOR orcrATORSI11PS Or' fHC KIGHT AS WELL AS·'THt LEFT 1 f R CONCILE PRACTltA NO rbEALlSTlC VAL0 s IT OULD I CORPORAjf INCREASINGLY ctEt'T O PRINCIplE Of NONl tERVENTluN IN INrtRhAL Af AIR5 uF S ViRiGN COuNT lES I i ' I 5 CON ti 1 S T t N 1 I H 'T HE S 0 V I t TUN rON IS' UWillS ELF PKOCLAIMEO PRINtl Lts ANO WOULO CUT GROUND OUT fROM UNOcK GUOU uE L Of SUVl T OoJ CTIUN TU Ds STAND UN tOl'ifIOENT hL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 C06415572 IED o C C'J I u s - - - - - -----------Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 ONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 8u0APE 00 37 2 Of 4 1 1443Z - - H MAN RIGtHS FURTliEKNORE· If THg iUI1AN HIG 'iTS WE A E FREE O AuidcATi NOE TrlYS DociRINi E E ACHIEVED T EMENOOU5 IMPElU5 OULD BE GIVtN TO U rHER DEMO RATIZATI0N Or COMMUI l ST GDV£t N lEIHs·· AND rOwARDS - - - ' ' - E E rUAL ACHltVEMtNT UF OUR MAX1 UM HuMAN 'RIGHTS GOALS I I 1°G '-J @ ' i • 1 '1 i I I 1 I A ' jJ ® ONF I DENT AL UNCLASSIFIED' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415572 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE 1··· RELEASE IN PART 86 Wuhlnllon D C 20520 • February 17 1978 MleRg DISSENT CHANNEL TO The Secretary Mr Habib p - -I FROM AF E SUBJECT U S polic l in the Horn B6 If the US wishes to play an active and effective role in the Horn we believe that the time has come to consider under what conditions the US will fulfill its commitment to assist Somalia with its requirements for the defense of its internationally recognized territory The initial Ethiopian counter-attack has revealed that the Somali armed forces a e over-extended and are in a poor position to defend either their ga ins in the Ogaden or the boundaries of the Somali Democratic Republic itself we may assume that it is or will shortly be within the power of the Ethiopian army to invade Somalia and seize Hargeisa and perhaps Berbera Both militarily and politically the attractions of such an axis of counter-attack may prove irresistible If this comes to pass the Ethiopians and the Soviets will be in a position to dictate a peace and the western position in the Horn will be eroded almost to the vanishing point An invasion of Somalia will be perceived as an indication of US ·inability or unwillingness to respond effectively to the Soviet threat in the area The Saudis the Iranians · the Egyptians ·the Sudanese and a number of other moderate African and regional states will be disheartened by such a chain of events The leadership in some of these states which have staked considerable prestige in aligning themselves with the U S will inevitably be shaken by U s failure to respond and may succumb to domestic pressures to turn away from the West This has grave regional and extra-regional consequences for our position SEClU Jl' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 eMl'f -2- The Somalis and others have noted that although Somali rejection of the Soviets was followed by increased economic aid from the moderate Arabs and the West vital military support from the united States 'or other western powers was withheld Therefore except for ant ipathy to the Ethiopians and the Soviets there is little incentive for any Somali government to follow a generally pro-Western neutral policy Without some Westerl support for Somali' secur ity antipathy may not ul t imately prove sufficient and Siad or his successors may make what accommodation they can with what they perceive to be the real power in the area We have been unable to respond to Somali requests for assistance because we did not wish to be accused of supporting a war of aggression and one which was in direct violation of the African principle of the inviolability of post-colonial boundaries This obstacle to our support for Somalia will be removed as Somali troops in the Ogaden are driven out or withdrawn into Somalia itself Our attempt to promote a negotiated solution while laudable is ot likely to succeed since it depends on Ethiopian and Soviet cooperation at a time when the military route is so promising Whatever the progress towards real negotiation it remains'in our interests to' deter an Ethiopian invasion of Somalia with the resultant risk of Soviet domination of the Born of Africa While our moves should be coordinated with our allies the short time we have in which to act argue s for a direct US initiative to offer some real support for Somalia's territorial integrity once' Somali units are out of the Ogaden We suggest that an initiative should consist of a decision discussed first with selected allies and then if generally approved presented to President Siad that -- We continue to support a negotiated solution which might provide the inhabitants of the'Ogaden with at least some measure of local control and we believe that the GSDR should cooperate fully with the OAU mediation effort and should be prepar ed to agree to a compromise acceptable to both parties 5ECft r - ----- _------------- - - ------ -_ __ _--- ------ ------- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of tate Case No F-2016-Q7743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 -seeR -3- -- We share the Somali concern about 'Ethiopian violation of the borders of the Somali Democratic Republic While we have been unable to assist Somalia militarily so long as- units of the S'omali National Army are operating within Ethiopian territory when that situation no longer exists we are prepared to help deter any invasion of Somalia's recognized boundaries -- w will then be prepared to authorize as quickly as our procedures permit third-country transfers of US defensive weapons to Somalia -- We will then be' prepared to signal our interest in the area by sending a US naval ship to call at an appropriate Somali port -- We will also be willing if the GSDR desires to send a military attache to the Embassy in Mogadiscio -- We would not in principle object if friendly nations wished to send deterrent forces o Somalia equipped with US weapons to support the defense of Somalia's internationally-recognized territory -- We would also be prepared immediately to begin discussions of the implementation of our earlier decision in principle to join with other friendly countries to supply Somalia with weapons to fill any gaps in its ability to defend its internationally-recognized territory -- Ali of these steps would be taken in the context of our friendly relationship with both Djibouti and Kenya and our continuing concern for their security and territorial integrity as well as our continuing hope of improved relations with Ethiopia We would expect the GSDR to offer the Government of Kenya public assurances that the GSDR will not support or take advantage of any moves which threaten the unity and integrity of Kenya ' We do not believe' that those steps will give rise to much serious objection in Africa They can be presented Bongo and the Nigerians as an incentive to Somalia to withdraw from Ethiopia The EPMG can be expected to react critically'to our moves when they become known However they will be somewhat constrained because we will be in the position of supporting the OAU principle of territorial integrity while the EPMG may draw attention to the suddenness of this US willingness to suppo t actively that principle when we were in the EPMG'view rather passive supporters of it when Ethiopia was the victim here too SHCRBi' --_ _--_ _-------- - --'--- '-'--- - _------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 i8CRB'f -4- the moves can be defended as steps taken to bring about the withdrawal of Somali units from the Ogaden so as to permit negotiations to go forward In any event we believe that if any western influence in the region is to be preserved we must take an unequivocal position at this crucial juncture to provide leadership and direction in order to stimulate the confidence of our friends in the area SECRET --• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - •• - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _ _- J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446554 Date 12 11 2017 co 641 700 2 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 · ···· f f I 8 ' j4rl - p v _ T t· - ttl • JWiJif ' DEPARTMENT OF STATE W hlnglon o c I hJt Y 20S20 IRELEASE IN FULLl August 25 1977 CONFIDENTIAL Mr John R Dobrin Bureau df Politico-Miiitary Affairs Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear Mr ' Dobrin Thank you for your telegram of July 29 in the dissent channel Mempers of the Policy Planning Staff and other officers of the Department who are concerned with French affairs have carefully reviewed the considerations you raise in support of your view that the US should avoid too close a connection vl the Giscar dGaullist coalition and should visibly i ase its ties lith the Socialist party ·There are no illusions in the Department about the difficulties confronting Gi scard and his present government or about the fact that a defeat of the left coalit on may be widely viewed as at least as much a Chirac as a Giscard victory or about the problems a Gaullist-dominated government might cause us Notwith-· stan ding alt this the judgment has been reached as a basis for policy that even a Gaullist-dominated qovernment under Giscard presidency is likely to be more compatible with us interests than a Socialist-Cor uuunist coalition government This is so even in light of the strong case that might be made that the fastest road to a revival o centrism in France which might serve both French and U S interests may lie -- albeit over a number q£ years -- in a victory of the left coalition and its subsequent disintegration rather than through a victory of the rigpt CONFIDENTIAL GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 700 2 IED u s i Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL -2- It is the judgment in Washington that a victory of the left is likely to have implications for foreign policy with which we would have problems and domestic ·policies which could prove more destabilizing in a polarized France than would a defeat of the left You are familiar· I am sure with the widely held views about the potentially disturbing effects of a left victory on French foreign policy and the concern that it might constitute an example in Italy a blow to the Federal Republic's sense of· community in a Western Europe of more or less like-minded regimes and a threat to the strands of Atlantic and European cooperation which have been the basis of Western security and prosperity for the past 30 years On the domestic side to which you devote most of your attention few would dispute your view that there is a strong demand in France for change and reform and that there are risks in frustrating that demand indefi ni tely On the other hand you deempha $ize the diff icul tie s that a left government will face in trying to carry out reforms Strong interests ·have blocked them for years and will not like them any better from a left government One can oresee flight of capital lower invesunent and other reactions which in the ·present economic climate could ·have disastrous effects on France's ability to maintain domestic ordei and carry out its international obligations The United States would welcome reforms· that eQuId help reduce the sharp polar·ization of the country We recognize the obstacles to Giscard's achieving such reforms But the present left coalition partly because it includes the Communists see s·unlikely to be able to carry through meaningful change except at a cost in instability and uncertainty which would be excessive in terms of France·' s as well as our own interests It is a question of weighing risks and making choices among the·m • For these reasons our course is to implement the general position which has been set out by the President and the Secretary namely to make clear that the US is CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 700 ZIED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 i_ I CONFIDENTIAL -3- not interfering in French in ernal affairs but that it is not indifferent to developments which might give the Communist party a major share in France1s govern·ment We recognize that France is perhaps the European country most nearly immune·to us influence But everyone agrees that the election will be close Signs of US esteem for the Gis·card regime might have some marginal but possibly impo tant effect on the election an apparent weakening of us concern about the implications of enhanced COrnInunist influence in France could also have a· signif·icant impact on the election With respect to your recommendations we understand that Mitterrand has reconsidered his plans to come to the US Mitterrand may be disappointed· that we were not able to commit the President to a meeting although other senior u s officials would have been available but he does not appear disposed to make a public issue of the matter Neither are lIle In France our·Embassy has a clear mandate to maintain and to the extent' compatible with our overall policy to expand our contacts with the French Soci lists at all levels The various proposals you made in this regard are available to the Embassy and may well be of assistance· to them This response to your message will be distributed to all those who received it and to the' Embassy in Paris Paul H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff CONFIDENTIAL -- --- '---- -- - -- --------- -- -- '- ---- r -'-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417002 Date 10 11 2017 --- - _ -- --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431361 Date 11 13 2017 -' I t RELEASE IN PART 86' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P JAARZT BDM EXT 29716 6-22-76 S P JAARZT S P-OFP PJLYJON DRAFT SIP ONLY E UCI ' LPA ROUTINE --' DISSENT CHANNEL crv ft r i I '- ·f cA F R '---_- - - - _-- I NL Y 86 JA E 0 11 b 5 2 N I A JA TAGS PFOR SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF AIRGRAM A-22 DATED MARCH 29 1976 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT' AIRGRAM ON JUNE 17 1976 MR JEFFREY G RTEN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A' SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT HANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS 'POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY LIMITED L OFFICIA USE J ---------------- - ----------------------- _ t • • •it 1 7 ' ' _ _ ' ___ • it 't'O i rr ' '1 _ - 3 ' ' i' i' '-- • • 9 r _ •• 1 __ • • ___ c ••• i ••••l UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmen t 9f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431361 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431970 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFIGJAL 'USE Departnle nt Of State STATE 053010 150-00 ONY-00 PAG 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-01 RELEASE IN PART B6 oU Ft i-H N i---_--' TELEGRAM 2735 003 R DRAFTED BY SIPI MACASEY 80M APPROVED BY SIP T AKe SIP LEINAVDI S P-OF-NBOYER S' P MELY DESIRED DIS RIBUTION S P ONLY ------------------100406Z R 100101Z MAR 77 FM seCSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BRIDGETOWN 097286 62 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 053010 STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL FORI IFROM LAKE-S P ta JfJ JS E O TAGS PFOR SUBJECT REF 86 • 11652 N A XL DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE -- CARIBBEAN TRANSITION PAPER BR IDGETOWN A-009 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH YOUR REOUEST A sueS'rANrlvE REPLY WILL NOT BE PREPARED IT SHOULD BE NOTED THAT THE IOEAS YOU seT OUT IN YOUR MESSAGE ON THE CARIBBEAN TRANSITION PAPER PARALLEL VIEWS THE DEPARTMENT RESPONSE TO THE WHI e INCORPORATED IN House ON THE LATIN AMERICA PRESIDENTIAL REVIEW MEMORANDUM IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCIJL TEO TO THE OFF ICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF iHE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS iHE DEPUTY SECRETARY rHE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR ECONOMIC AFFAIRS THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR LATIN AMERICAN AFFAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE -- UNCLASSIFIED ---------_ _ _--- _---U S D epartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431970 Date 11 13 2017 co 641 705 S IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 Dissent Channel Message september 15 1977 MEMORANDUM I I o TO sip - Mr Tony Lake FROM ARA CCA SUBJECT Decontrol and Release of LOU and Unclas ified Material Director Planning Staff -I ------------------ At the time of the OAS Gener al Assembly in Grenada I was taking a course in human rights at a local law school When the unclassified reporting cable came in with the text of the· resolution on human rights I wished to share it with my class Because I had learned to my surpris while doing an FOIA case that the fact a document is unclassified does not mean it is part of the public domain I made inquiries as to who could give me permission to release th cable to the public FOIA told me that the appropriate office could authorize the release of unclassified cables but could not tell me who in the ARA hierarchy from a secretary to the Assistant Secretary could give me permission FOIA also told me that all requests for documents had to come thrnugh its office as there are reproduction costs involved in releasing a document When I stated that I wished to release the document on my initiative I was told that I was going outside channels and that I should talk to SY I found SY equally unable to giv e me guidelines as to t r releasing u lassified and tenal Neither FOIA or SY c'ou e er me to °a regulatIon or an individual wi th the answer I therefore drafted the enclosed memo to my ARA FOIA office That office has not replied in writing but has informed me that the answers to my questions are in 5 FAM 950 a position which was purportedly coordinated with SY and L ARA It is obvious that 5 FAM 950 is'hopelessly outdated and too' vague to be ant help Section 952 1 stated that among other things information received through priv leged sources and UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641 705 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 -2- II certain personnel medical investigative commercial and financial records shall be afforded physical protection comparable to that given Confiden ial material in orde to safeguard it from unauthorized disclosure and shall be marked LOU In fact instead of using LOU to protect the type of information listed most offices appear to view it as a type of quasi security classification and mark LOU things the release of which might be harmful to national security but which do not seem to be quite harmful enough to rate the six-year protection of Confidential also seems t'p RJ l QJ e Cl4 ect things t e disclosur e_o e b_Ge be emba r assi to office oUr an individual 5 FAM 913 pro 1 its the c assificatl0n of inform'8 t'Ib 'n'lliifi'loconceal inefficiency of administrative error to prevent embarrassment or to prevent for any other reas9n the release of information which does not require protection in the interest of national security Evidently these guidelines do not apply to the release of LOU or unclassified material e- • yu In addition to abuse of LOU to protect people from embarrassment LOU is also obviousl used im ro to protect' information w lch shoul In fact be tKlM§ ified conf1OentlaT''' in r 'i5 T Ci larronal ll ec HL ty Several months ago £fie Overseas Priva't e Tnves tment Corppration sent me a large number of LOU cables with the demand that I authorize their release by COB OPIC attornys insisted that this was not an ForA c'ase and that they did not want to 90 through the state FOIA office in order to save time However in view of the fact that the documents were to be used in a public hearing I had to r view them under ForA standards I had to upgrade six of them to Confidential in order to protect them ' L ARA agre ed with this approach However L ARA also said that in view of the fact that the documents which I refused were refused under FOIA standards the refusal letter had to be signed by the Deputy Assistant Secretary as in an FOIA case even though my Office Director had the power to order th'e release ofthe LOn ca61Ets'Wfiich we r e-tn 'l'ea'S'e'Cl 11i s-s'6'1'tr't 'rtl'lloaor §-WO'F1Tl'·6gi Ca1 but is nO-Wnere expressed riany regulation to my knowledge Since the advent of FOIA there does not seem to be any legal differ Q betw kOQ and unclassified · Title 22 section 6 4 of the Foreign Relations Rules and Regulations lists eight categories of materials which can be protected UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 -3- under FOlA standards none of which are classified under an executive order as needing protection for national security reasons Since LOU s not established by any executive order and since Title 22 applys the same rules of decontrol to both LOU and unclassified material the only il 4- c difference between LOU and unclassified is that one can r§ geive a repriman8 trom SY--for not rotectirr 's distinction se ms o me to be who ly irratlonal aJki t means that one-c eC€1vew·a Beprlmano-for noE prBt¥cting something which by law cannot receive more protection in the face of a public inquiry than an unclassified piece of materiaJ '- t A new definition of LOU should be developed which takes the present realities into ac count Such issues as what effect the privacy 'l t has on uncnlss _f e4 _o ume 1 t we should do a60ut tlie ClAY's an S'C' 1il c·J Y JJ s e O nly ca t o r y - ® as f jm ea - rfti e r e are -also inte res ti ng side questions such as how to protect unclassified Dissent Channel me Ti 22 ancr 5 AM 5 9 tl'4iaveto be rewrTt£en faklng into account the judicial interpretations of those regulations which have not been reflected by changed language tIe I believe one sensible solution would be to state that anything which can or sho id'stiil be'protected by the ForA or privacy Acts or any other legal requirement should be classified LOU a category which-should be es ablished On a government ' wide 6asis by executIVe O jer ·''Arroffi''eY''''ull ·rO l Yed o'-·material would srfi with th understanding that unclassified means what a lay in·terpretation would imply now -- i e something which any employee can share with anyone Attachment As stated Draft ARA CCA 9 15 77 X21 65S ---------' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417058 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431522 Date 11 13 2017 - n11T l'ir f rAtu n -' ACT ION COPY r· Departnle t SI73 31 212Z III PAl 0877 PAGE III INCOMING oj' Slate LA PAZ Dms TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 3122121 CTlON IIIFO OCT-Ol o 3LH2H ES-DI ISO-ll SSO-DD f9D4 I ••••••••• __ ··--··-030201 312716Z 164 OCT 7'1 fli Af1E OASSV LA PAZ TO SECSTATE IIASHDC II1MElllATE 768 lIHlTEO rf1 CI ru USE LA PAl 8m OISSEnT CHAlIUEl AIOAIl fOR GECRGE PH III IPS REr IAl STATE 243IlD 8 STA1 14011 DfDT·rREE HOUfVER IT IIDULO HE unFORTunATE IF TUIS PO ITIVE VElUPllt T ERE To BE rOLLOI EO BY A lO S OF ORIT'S I AGE AS J JI ORGAllllATIOn IHDEPEIIDEIll or ALL FORMAL GOVEP UIlEfiT F JlIAIICIUG ONIl HAS r J1 IUACE pp eLEI1 lO THIS PROPOSAL IlOUlO DIllY AGGRAVATE If IT IIOULD BE VETiER IJI THE LOI1G RUII FOR OR I T TO CO IT IIIUE TO TR't 10 STItEliGTHEli I mH THROUGH ITS Olll RESOURCES EVBI If TH IS TAII S LOtIGER THAI TO TA E m SHORTCUT f 'ACCEPTJIIG USG rUIAnCIIIG AT THE COS IlF I lfAT Il1AGE ORIT DOES HAVE TO SE ACCUSiO Or 8£IIIG DotltllmO OY TilE AFt CIO IS FAR LESS OAhMIIIC THAU TO BE ACCUSED Oi DEUIG COillROLLCD BY IHE USG DOEKtP FOR TOll 80111 E LA PAl 871 i I 5UnlIARY l OPPOSES AIHD'S PROPOSAL FOR USG 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IllATES ARE 1I0RE to ICERfiED 111m lIIP 1ilVfi r ORI T' S IlIL lTV 10 PRUVfDE TIIEI1 IIECESSARY SERVICES 1 11 II AT tit ' I E THE SOURCE OF lHE HOllEY TflllT PAYS FOR THESE SERVICES ItO HE' UIlOERSUtlOS THAT 111£ FOUR REGI nAl HELD OFF ICES fO GE STABLlSKtO ur OER TaE PROPOSED PROGRAlf 1I0ULD IIELP ACHIEVE TilE OBJECTIVES or ASSISTlIlG OR I T' S AFFILIATES TO STREtlGTHEII THEI1SELVES AIIO TO ORGAllllt MORE OF LATIH AHEnICA'S 1I110 G4IliZEiJ 1I0lir rRS liE ALSO UIl 'ERSTAIlDS THAT ORIT'S'EI1EI1IES 011 tHE lEFT PARTICULAR I' ClllT MID THE CDII' I1UIIfSTS IIlll COllTlllUE TO TlAGr 1 1f HEllIER USG FUIIIIIIIG IS J llOVIOED OR 1I0T HOIIHER HE IS COI CERtrrO ABOUT THf £H£CT USG FlitAI ClllG Alto TilE CillTICISHTHAT lILL EljSUE UIll HAVE 011 lAtiDR GROUPS or THE CEillU THAT ARE I'OTr JlllAl ORIT fFH IATES OR THAT PRESEHTlY C OHRATE IIITH OHll CRIT'S IOEItTlFICATlOll IIITH THE USG lAY HAKE TlIEI1 t10R nELUCTAJli 10 EUtl TI E IR IJIDEPWOtllCE BY Al f It AT IIIG OR cooprRAT r IIllH ORIT TillS COUtO RESULT Ul TIlE ORIT AFFIliATES GElliG ISOLATED 0 1 TKE RIGIIT t THE ua H ATlACIlE AGRE£S III TH lilE AID i o nEliT THAT · ROSP CTS FOR PHASE OUT OF T £ PROGRAM OUCE IlCCLPTEI R£ 1101 CLEAR AT THIS POIIlT · III FACT PUT IICRE STROl GlY IT IS rnOSABlE THAT If THI$ PROPOSAL IS ACCEPTED InEH lILl CE COlm UIIlG Pr £SSURE FROI1 O IT MHD AIIO THE Aft CIa TO CCIIlIUUE fHE PRO GRAil UllTll SUCH TillE III THE ftlOH1lf1TE FurURE I H IILATIIl AtlERICAlllABOR ORGAllllATIONS WOULD DE ABLE AIID IIIlLIJIG TO ASSUIIE IHE COSTS OF TH I S PIiOGRAI1 S THf LABOR ATTACHe IS COt1CERilFO 1I0R OVER TH4T EVEII If THIS PR06RAII IIERE APPROVEO Fon II ltM1T£1I P£RIOD or TitlE AUO USG fllIAlIelflG IIERE THEil IIITHORAIIII ORIT IIUULD CQijTlHUE TO 6E IDEIHlFJEO FOR I1AJlY YfMS TO COH£ s A LABOR ORGAillZATIOl1 TI D TO' THE 11 r UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme 1t_0f $ e g e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431522 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' IN MANAGEMENT TALKS BEGIN ON FLEXITIME Flexitime which fO r some months las been a huge success in much of lOA is being considered for use in other Agency lOts AFGE 1812 Vice President Jo Campbell is coordinating AFGE 1812's participation I talks whic will focus on general and individual element aspects of adopting flexitime • ngs have begun and in addition to Jo AFGE 1812 representatives- include Executive nittee n tember Abe Harris IMV VOA Stewart Coordinator Manny Athanas IBS and rds Al Green IBS Heather Prosky leS and roni Zapat IPS ' ' 0 ' •• 10 • ' • I' - • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 11 2017 I --- ------- ---- ---- -' i - - SUC CESS AT USIA It is 'irtually impossible to find anyone who is unhappy me among the entire l09-memb r staff of the Agency's Finance Division reports 'ice President Jo Campbell So far USIA's experiment witb flexible self-selected Jeparture times for employees has been limited to IOA F with 35 staffers beginning l March 3 and the entire staff adopting it on August 20 of thJs year At this time 'fO plannfng to request Flexitime 1l 1 l r Ihich is still in the experimental stage in USIA was begun following negotiations 312 officers early this year The basic idea of Flexitime is to permit tbe employee time for arrival at work 7 45 a m to 9 45 p m and for departure from work 1 6 30 p m All employees are required to work a full eight hour day and to be on 5 to 4 30 p m core time except for the 45-minute lunch period Employees are select when their workday will begin aDd end 00 a day-at-a-time·basis to aeeom- al commitments such as doctor's appoiD tments car pools shoppin'g bus schedules 'inance Division Chief say that Flexitime fits his personal preference for an early no disadvantages and 'has written a report OD the experiment for IPT A three ·yee Committee takes the place of the supervisor in the administration of Flexitime sig o -in and sign-out sheets which are turned over to a time clerk The Comtnittee If as peziorllling a survey function rather t an tlacting as a watchdog • o Flexitime are equally enthusiastic AFGE 1812 Treasurer Jim Johnson IOA FD I am oDe of those people who as here 15 or 20 minutes early every day which because of my bus schedule Now I c n leave a little earli r and get paid for I'm here in the morning II 10 lOA FA AFGE 1812 Stewa Lola Hoosier also • he 'Employee Committee reports '1Jt's wonderful and has helped me a couple of used to have a doctor's appoiDtment that made me a fe w minutes tate I'd ha e to r's·leave Now I just work tbe additional minutes to ma15e my full eight hours I you would Jike to have more time to do things in the afternoon This way Y9U rly and leave early to get a little more daylight to do things • • • I potted flowers said at first there was DO point to it because she came to work at quarter to nine ow she comes in an hour early so tbat her car pool DO longer has to wait for ber ' ' - ' '' 0 ' ''' ' • • ' ' ' ' - • 0 '0 I I '1 I 1 ·1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446073 Date 12 1112017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN ______ _________________ ---------------------------------------- PARTB6 l el rrnre7rr T S rtre-·-- ---ii---- '· AG Pi If ·IIQ · · L ll Ii 0 t • I L r s I t '' li f ti Qt' t 0 ii u s u U Pf LU I rc 0 1 Cl H A S·i · lep • ··-··-··--········'3 l F nil I E HOV £1 FI' An n6 SSI IIA SLII ' TO S CSTAl VlSHDC flOI 'om OAIJ 0 IS t T CKANHn n SSAG POI AND CARROTS AWO STICKS ARE N£ OtC REFS IJII IIARSAII 0 SlAr ll3Ul I o· 1112S ceotFIDrNTlAl' WI EMTlR POt ue ICI KR KOI' IO I TUT 2 THIS nISSA' TAANSnlTS A DISSUT'CHANN£l VI£ Il'OIIT Df I THE ORAmR· ODts ' OT I1SM 'lO'RfSTRICT OISTRISvrlOX Of T 'S ' £'SSAGt • ' r 3 U t POll CT TOI ARO POl A D H VO KEO AOnIRAS Y SINC TMo IIIPOSITION Of n F lIAI LAII 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lHtlcOtiTRARt IGNOR S RULITY PAILY llH IS 11011 SDII IIHU SETTER AffD rREER FOR ItAHY POLES THAN IT liAS DURING nCRT tAl tAli P OI IS'IIG TO CHarGE POLICY If lHE GOP·AlTERS ITt SlA CE BUT TH£' FlltlllG TO DO SO I TNt f ACE or CHAN6£S lOIlERS THE taED I BIllTT or OUR FVTURE PADIUStS IND LESSENS OU ·Ai lIFT TO SIRGAII IIITH THE GOP' DDIIII TW ROAD IN llff Sl'AI_G lRE USG O tlll O UPOII • STEr·St-S IEP- 'PROACH ·VIS· ·US 'POL AlIII TH '1110 U L Itl Y CeNt IBINT lAb ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 i 'B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 c r 11 c r 0' 0 t c l' I E C t'£ n T 'II c c F'IlUi i al UH l1 I ' I 60F I lAt fuFiliE nU u£ s C P'IW IHi G r t 1T s JUSTlfltO EnpOlIS 10 OUR $AA IOWS I Rtel BROADC Sl AH THERHORi HG RtAtllllG Fun C m lHI BUUT' H'IU or c r Ium RWI t I1ICl Tint lIH f JANU P I lIo 1i AU lO 1 t E I t 't 1I0RY P iJT £1 JP L v ttN Ul LiICA1tr 'ts t h 1 IS'Y 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CA LOGICAll Y CDMCLUOE 'HAT'GIV£N elUENT POLltY II0THING IiIlHlt THEIR COUC PTJON OF THE POSSIBLE CAM 6E DONE TO A IU U SaNtt lHEr aAt Nbl ABOUT TO Oil A TTHUG lillie vllL l£ t PEtTtR 'Or'Scn 11l Ul10St RISE AG IU O'YGlING POIE 11s L eOHO IC AHO POLITICAl SHU ITS EUORt THE GOP 10 PtRSUJUlE 11 TO SEtK n eO OOAT ION IIIU HOi CHVI C£ lH Goe TO RISK R£P U 0 AUGUST Sse TUi ARGUIIENi FeIlEO TOcp RSUAOr THC GOP o' I TH 5 r IU6 a Hc tl G Ii UIU ' r H r Han NOV '£sOt· l · r r 1 'T£r FH'1I0JJ ' hcvr rrt IIN''' - AHN ' l SU 1r ir t iHi GO He ' T V P Nff1G 0 ' ''' '' '0 G 011 TKE COI l DH THOSE £ltM J If l iI r ' iUi lW EC0I10r IC utrc HOUI POt ISH ct CrS ION If_ ' lITtLt OR 110 SC ' IH lY l RiGI L' fiO r HH' HOII BtE 1I lHt COHonIC REAL ITT THE GOP 1I1LL J T u '' ' L r Et1I11i nfti '7 J G i ii II Hi i 0 R£OIlC D WTERH' POL IT lell CO TJlOL S S otnAlla O Bt rio Ut r On£OV F tKr r I C- rl r' r • r· • r · ' V us TELEGRAM p l rtnle71117Sr·Sta fe' to J o Ju - u '_' j' IJIli' J IT c 12 IN sun EASINli on THt SAllClIOKS AND RESPOIIOING FIRIIlY to GOP HARUSKEHT IIIGHT JP'UR tONT ADICTORl 1 FIRST 6LAlICL IU FAt T lIt 1 A FIIIf-lIllED PIl1IC OF ORROn ll1D STICKS lILL'DO ORt '0 PRlmDT£ US OEJECrlvrs 'AIIO'IUKf TNt COF lORt Allt ABLE TO FUTURE A ERICAI AClioNS TSIN THE CUR EIIT-U PO ItT HOVlyn BALAUC£ IS ' POp lur aNt Y E1SIH_ SANCTION SIGULS vtAKHtS Hilt O LY P £l tlUINli rD TH GOF HPR SSnt T III I S OtslRt lC It L Hori on p IOp urI UF 1U ' C1UI CAN PURSU r IERC la Rtl 1I01lS Vllr Tr ' US 1 PUNISKIW POIARC t SUPROG4TE TARGE FOr THE SOVlrT PUE lem OU COWlIuUE HO T1LllY 10 Txe CURReNT GOVERNMENT I IIARSAV SUi 11 ALosfEouru IItSHRH PUBllCS J •• AND lAKE OU OUERALi Ollcr 'f l lARo 1 H EUROPE AII TKt SOV El VNIOII APPEp COHTilJUlItTORY IIITHOUt PRODUCIN Cou OnITAIiT PlUSSES I ou STRUGGl 1111 THE USSI POLANC 11 THE 'sorr UND REHtr· 0 TNt SlOC OlfFER£lIl1U D POLICH IOVA O POlA t IS ON Dr THE r v AND SEoe II US lH IItsT HAS or HURTUI IN IHT RNr L CHANGES TO UNOER IH ANP IltAKEN THE SOVIE GRIP IT I AKES llTllt stllsr 10 ROUGHEN lHAT HIDE 70 lAKE POLAND o THt sevltT BLOC MR InfERKEABLE TO CORROSIVE IItsTERW IMflUEHCt IN $Ur THE US SHOULD AI THIS 1111 COWSIDtR 1I00lrYING OR REnDVING SANCTIONS IN CRCER TO IIUHN AHD UMDfRIIIM£ TME GOP VI 'CT rOil EXAI1 lE RATHER THAN PREV DO S I R£PUTfOLY TO tD IOUei IH'p£PT DISCUSSIONS 11m Po p IH ORDER Tb' OBTAIN A ·AtClll ATt PICTURE OF lCOlIOVIC £ I III Wi J wiJol ' 'lIIltR$HIP HaS BtEII AP PAOvtOB U 'DJI TIE tn U UMD TKE ItCUT GO ' IIEASURES eBNF I B'Etn I At I 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476927 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 j 7Sj c il fJf@ LH M AftA EUR NitA CU FE 132 A- »1 FOR RM USE ONL Y LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PRIORITY HANDL-IHO INPIC A TOR INR FRS FROM INT LA TAR SUBJECT Dissent Message TR XMB ARloty CIA REF ' ' DATE February 24 1973 Amembassy BELGRADE RELEASE IN PART Bsl A-3559 NAVY --- --J- - - -I osc USI A · 7 HIA 'DISSENT CHANNEL J f -es This airgram transmits a dissenting' view submitted byl 186 Consular Section '------------' LI_ _ _ _ _-II A Policy Initiative--Elimination of Section 212 a 28 C from the Immigration and Nationality Act I urge the Department to take an active and vigorous lead within the Administration to formulate and have introduced an amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act eliminating Section 212 a 28 C --in essence membership in a communist party or its affiliates--as a ground of ineligibility t receive a visa to the Uni ed States t-r U - e- a en n I c' n -J r 'j - - '- C t This section of the law w ich was born in the traumatic times of the early 1950 l has outlived Whatever usefulness it may hav had If it need be pointed out one has to look on r to the past ye r to see how dramatically and wisely our policy has changed toward thc'se who are by definition lIexcludable --along with I might adrl crininals carriers' of communicable diseases and prostitutes s Furthermore this section of the law has little effect in practice thanks to pragmatic administrative measures which get around its awkward and untoward effects For example waivers 'are wisely and routinely granted by the Immigration and Naturalization Service to permit members of communist parties to enter the United States as nonimmigrants In addition the Department of State humanely reaches findings of involuntariness in immigrant visa applications so egularly as to be almost pro forma LIMITED OFFICIAL USE FOR 4-112 05·323 l FOR pEPT USE ONtY 2fIn nc t oa I pproyeo DY onum nf'l A DOue 86-- 'n ' 'A J -- ------ ------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C179 80072 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 0 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 Beyond this there is of course a persuasive body of thinking which argUes that the exclusion from the United States of persons for the political beliefs they hold is disharmonious in the ext -eme with the philosophy of our Republic - Therefore at a time when I assume we are seeking bold new ways to build mutual confidence in our greatly improving relations with the soc'ialist countries I believe that striking this anaclir'onism from our aws a would be in our national interest b would cQnstitute no danger to our security c would De truer to our national precepts d would eliminate the costly and patent bureaucratic II waiver'processll and e could have a profoUhd symbolic effect in our relations with Eastern Europe an the world ' While I have held this belief for some time it is in the euphoria of 'peace in the spirit of-tzereaJ istic and indeed inspiring foreign policy of this Administration and emboldened by the anguish of having to apply daily this sorry statute that I offer my policy-making contribution--which dissents with our law--from this admittedly narrow vantage 'point in the Balkans ' E O 11652 GDS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980072 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743· Doc o C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 Wnshlnl on D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 SECRE'f ffeBIB 86 Dear IL_ _ _ _- -_ _ J Your thoughtful dissent message on Tai an's future status and the impact of this issue on US China policy deserves commendation and co ent I regret the delay in so doing but your effort has already ach eved its main objective of stimulating deliberation here on this important aspect of the China problem vIe originally drafted our comments in the form of an airgram Upon learning of your return to' Washington we decided that a letter would be more appropriate However to avoid further delay we did not undertake the editorial revisions to reflect this change in format Our comments follow below The deb ate in the Embassy nd I messages on'the extent to which 1 the GROe may attempt to formalize a separate' status for Taiwan in connection with any normalization of US P e relations and 2 the USG might exert leverage on the GRoe to minimize any resulting threat to US interests Taiwan's POB t-Diplomatic Status 86 cente s - - ' Both the Embassy and the dissenting officer agree that possible US recognitiPlf of· the PRe ill lead Premier Chiang q ing-kuo t9 formalize at leas t somewhat the ROC's separation from the'mainland The Embassy's basic assessment is that within the ROC's likely options -- rangirig Ofr the'lo er end from a fairly simple stat'ement that ·the' 'Roe exercises jurisdiction and s verei gI1tY over Tah an 'regardTes of Peking' claims to 'upp e r-'end formulations along' • Or _' ' 86 - -' - ' - -- - - ' •••• ' l • - - J _ _•• -- --- ON THI OV R AS IT rs INTENDED FOR RE-USE EY RN · I1 TH THE ' · E COPIES TO ORIGINATING OFFICE -- -'i J '-r W ' - ·C ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 2 the lines of the · l one China two gover p mentsl1 or two states in one nation -- something toward the lower end of this spectrum would be the probable ROC choice On the other hand I Iargues that in the absence of fairly spec'ific advance arrangemen'ts assuring continued US security and economic involvement with Taiwan CCK may unilaterally declare a new status for his Government departing in some way from the one-China principle and thereby jeopardizing normalization of US relations with the PRC 86 The picture as we see it fs that the ROC's diplomatic options remain significantly limited but within thes'e limits it will be able to make important choices in connection with any normalization of US PRC relations We agree that Taipei does not have a serious nSoviet option as long as ·two basic factors hold the USSR continues to see any prospect for reconciliation with a post-Mao leadership generation -- the ROC continues to identi fy its post-diplomatic viability i e follOlving a switch of d iplomatic relations from ROC to PRC with access to and some form of commi tment from the US and with continued economic elationships with Japan From Taipei's standpoi'nt even if the Soviets were interested which 'they re not such a rapprochement would be extremely provocative to the PRC at the same ti e that it would cast serious doubt on the US ROC security iink • Taipei would also concern d about the effect on those segments of American pub ic arid political opinion which constitute its strongel t remaining sources of support be For much the same reasons we generally agree with the Embassy that the- OC will feeL cons rai n·ed about changing the one-China principle · e sh re the Embassy's perspective t hat quite extreme and unforeseen changes -- putting even an unofficial US ROC 'relationshi into jeopardy at the same' time as accentu-' ating PRC interest in forceful reunification -- would be the necessary condition for a GROC declaration of z eEr Itf '1 1 I • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 SBeRET NOBIS 3 independence In the absence of such changes the GROe can be expected to continue its generally cautious and prudent approach as evidenced in it reaction to the shocks of recent years As long as this leadership is left with a modicum of hope for the future its olicies will seek to realize such a hope rather than to satisfy emotions or prove brave ry The ROC leadership clearly realizes that a satisfactory future rests on some kind of continued US security and economic inVOlvement and PRe forebearance Thus fear of provoking the US and PRC will strong y inhibit the ROC from an outright declaration of independence or anything approaching so radical a departure ' However we believe the GROC can be expected to review the q estion of its status in any postdiplomatic environment Likely actions range from reasserting the status quo to possibly declaring jurisdiction over ROC-held territory without reference to the mainland For example the ROC reaction to a diplomatic s -Jitch could entail an affirmation of the ROe's traditional stand that the actions of others cannot affect ROC rights and interests This would probably be combined with a carefully worded formula desig ed to comfort the public by referring to the ROe's continued firm control of Taiwan while avoiding rai Hng Taiwan ' S status in a manner rhich might creat problems with the US or PRC Moreover ROC efforts to bolster public confidence will be colored by awareneSs that the public looks to the US as the key to a satisfactory future These short-term choic'es hav-e an' additional virtue from Taipei's standpoint or not- ruling out 'longe r -'t r'm options -- be these a two states within one nation arrangemeht tacit or explicit or eventual negotiations · The Embassy postulutes that ROC choice of negotiations in the near future would bring domestic crises and possibly civil' disruption unle-ss' ' it parenthetically notes they were pro'posed in the· hope of obtaining PRe agreement 1 0 Taivlari ' s separation We see the ROC refusal to entertain negotiations as a product of the leadership's deeply·' ingrained suspicion and distaste of the PRe If this were overcome and we do not presently foresee this 9BGRET U9B rS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 1212017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' SECRET 19 9I15 4 we believe th ROC would not have insurmountable problems in conditioning its population to acceptance of negotiations It would do so by depicting such negotiations as aimed at assuring the continuity of'Taiwan's present social economic and political system In more general terms we are not persuaded that domestic opinion will be he primary motivation in CCK's decision-making Hopefully change in the US relationship w·i th Taiwan will not be so radical as to threaten a s'erious down-swing of ROC confidence and the island's stability Under these circumstances and given 'continued strong KMT rule there would be little reason for the ROC leadership to depart from its customary glancing attention to domestic opinion in the decision-making process To the extent CCK does move to formalize ROC separat ness we expect him to do so more to maximize diplomatic flexibility with the US and the PRe than to respond to internal pressures This does not rule out however the GROC's justifying any shifts on domestic grounds or CCK's being greatly influenced by filial obligations and the views of the ruling mainlander group which continue to move against he direction of a separate ROC entity US Leverage on the GROC The above 'discussion leads to the conc'lusion that for·the short term the GROC's overriding interest will be in maximizing its ties with the US and that given 'its limited alternatives it Hill a'ccept an 'unofficial relationship which includes both a ·credible· but··not necessarily contractual 'US invblvement in its security and a continuing strong trade relationship Provided we gave the ROC'some grounds to do 'so we' think it likely that the ROC's ba'sic reaction to a diplomatfc switch would be to depict it as a formality which leaves the essentials of the Ta i 7an picture unchanged We therefore see the ROC as concentra ing on the US angle rather than Taiwan's· ju'ridical status in deciding on i t q reaction to the ··svlitch Because - 'of this st ong ROC dependence US leverage appears more than sufficient to counter ROC actions Which may arguably jeopardize US interests provided our views are articulated clearly and in timely fashion to the ROC UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 SEG RB'f U9'BHl 5_ c' We see compelling reasons for not becoming engaged in helping to fot'mulate 'I'aiwr ' £ r status along the lines suggested by _ __J First we believe that any such attempt will inevita ly lead to our involvement in mediating difficult-toreconcile differences between ROC and PRC In particular we are not impressed with the prospects for succeeding in working out with the ROC a temporarily divideq tate n fC rmula suggested but not spelled out by I J which would not be provocative to the PR -- even 'if it does 'not explicitly rebut the one-China principle B6 B6 Second as a t'elated point w see far gt'eater prospects of such a t'ole interfering with US PRC not'malization than contributing either to that process or to a resolution of ROC PRC differences Fot' example taking a dit'ect hand in working out Taiwan'S status without reference to the PRe could provoke Peking to the point of risking an end to normalization and would inextricably and indefinitely saddle us with responsibility for Taiwan's future -- courses diametrically opposed to our present ones ' • I ·Third it is worth reit erating that ROC fear of simultaneously provoking the US and PRC should continue to serve as a sufffcient· deterrent agains t ROC 'movement from de facto separateness one of the possibilities foreseen by the Embassy towa d a two-China outcome as feared by the dissen·t This is particularly the case because the first condition has most of the advantages and few of the disadvantages of the remaining rarige of choices presently open to the ROC _ Contingency Plann'ing In addition to helping to clarify the important issues on Taiwan 1 s future sta·tus and US leverage over the 'GROC the dis sent me·ssage has' performed a valuable_role in highlighting the need to plan against circumstances 'iri which the ROC might pursue internatio al ecognition as an independent sovereign state These circumstances might include' internal disorder in or increased Soviet threats to' the PRC or a collapse of GROC confidence in the US cor 1it7'f - ' ' t UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-20 6-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 4 ' S SGHE'f' 'HBBfB 6 As a transformed entity the GROC could not reasonably be completely confident in a continued US interest in its security the US Japan and other countries with a stake in Taiwan's future would have to 'determine their response on the basis of the implications of such a radical ROC action for their interests at that time In rational terms the GROC would have to anticipate that any unilateral declaration of independence would run the r isks of provoking flights of capital attenuation of unofficial including trade ties and weakening US involvement in its security a situation which cou ld lead to serious instability in Taiwan To minimize such risks the ROC might 'conclude that prior conSUltations with the US were necessary In that ev nt we would have the opportunity for forceful diplomatic intervention against such a radical step if as now seems likely we thought it damagi g to our interests Sincerely G la 10J Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff SEGRE'f' H913IS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980166 Date 09 12 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743-'Doc' No 'C0643-1702 Date 12 11 2017 c _ -- _ _ - - _ - ' TExt OF NESSAGE - I'-' -'-_ ·· 7 ·· ·' ' ' ' ' ' '- 1 r i -' • -' IRELEASE IN FULLI Dear Jimmy I have been disturbed as I am Sure you have been at the outcome of the 63rd sessio of the Internati·onal Labam - I kn w that it w l l l oom_ a ge in your ConIerence consideration o£ continued American membership of the Organisa ion Jay I say that in my view the ILO whatever its f a ults 1 remains ' ith its tripartite 'structure a unique and pO -ierful instrument of' social ·re form Through its investigatory' powers it 'can bring to account those gove rn rnents which' transgress human and trade union rights It provided practical assis ance ·to developing c untries in improving living standards for work g people Its technical work in settin g labour standards is of great importance Two important new conventions were compl eted a the recen conference of Part the unique quality of the ILO lies in its universality 'vi thout the United States i t is di fficu l t to see hOli its work coul d continue eff'ectivel y the ' organisation would be miSSing an essentia'l part of the wor ld community and the lvestern powers would lose their most powerful partner I recognise that the conference itself was very disappointing Nonetheless there have been some signs of prosress over the last t o years ' The Organisa tion w has ' - UNCLASSIFIE U S p ' - 0 • D partment of State· Case No F-2016 07743' Doc No C06431702 Datt 12l11 2017 _ UNCLASSIFIED u S ··Dep rtmerit of State Case No F-2016-07743 poe No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 bas completea a considerabl amount o use ul technical The Govenling Body earlier worlc during that time this year made progress on the American suggestion changes n Artic e 17 or of the Standing·Orders to cut doW'l'l on condemnatory a nd irrelevant political reso utions At the con Cerence i tsel C there ''lere· less political resolutions than before and indeed the work o the Resolutions Comm5 t tee w·as atisf actory Although the report o the Committe on the Application of Conventions and Recommendations was·not adopted i t remains on th record'and contains some valuable material and is more evenly balanced than any of its predecessors I would have been much happier if some of the other • jI objectives ot the West had been achieved in full should like to have Seen the resolutions amended completely rocedure I for presenting the 197 Israeli resolution buried and some diminution in political irrelevancies But it would perhapsbave been unrealistic success in one cqnf erence o expect t ta1 Progress bas been hindered by the use of procedural deV ices but is st i ll possible in 1978 and succeeding years on the issues 0 C concern to the United States and like-minded nations We hope the US took comf'ort Irom the strong and unwavering support that was forthcoming from the Nine and other industrialised market economy count ies • I personally hope very much that you will be able to give due o' eis ht to those 'positive features hich have emerged in ILO af''fairs over the pa st blo years 1 and decide to --- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S - remain 2 ' '' DepartlTl ' ' t t _g § 9 E2 9J Q U43 Q _ 9 CQ 43· 70i Dat _12 1 1 0i __ UNCLASSIFIED U S D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 W' •• IL 't'· · t I •• - • • • M ZOOOO ' 'l'I '_ t4oo _ _ ·t 1 CO ' F ID' ' flkk ' _ • -- L remain with 'us in this important inte national organisation • ith best dshes Yours sincerely Jim Callaghan ' ' '- ' - ' _ -- -- -1V ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431702 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 _ _ - _---_ __ _---_ _-------_ _ RELEASE IN PART 86 1 I I i December 1 cj 1'9 7 8 I '1'0 PA FOI - FROM SIP - Anthony Lak SUBJECT Your Dissent Channel l 1essage on the Classification Review Staff '----------' 86 would like to commend again your use of the dissent channel to raise questions concerning the implementation of the new executivE order on classification In this instance your memorandu -n -Ias immediately for 'larded to Mr Read 'lPO - as able to read and co sider it before making decisions regarding the establishment of the Classificat ionl Declassification Center I Your memorandum raises many issues some of a procedural nature some concerning the management of resources and some regaFding the substantive policy requirements o the new executive order on classification As YOll ar e a''1are the chief focus of the dissent cli annel should be substantive foreign policy issues so I will deal briefly with the procedur l and management questions you raise While your revie of the process by 'hich this decision has been reached is essentially corr ct I 'think it is important to note that all vie -lpoints did in fact reach loIre Read including your 0 '10 and' th t he considered all before making a decision t qhile the· CCP did for''1ard a contrary recommendation to Mr • Read it 'las proper for him to weigh a l arguments and suggestions before exercising the responsibility to decide himself Concerning the question of administrative efficiency it is easy to agree lith your o m position that an efficient operatioo' could be managed either by the neVi Classification Declassification Center or by PA But hO -lever judgments on possible' efficiencies may have affected this'decision they could ' LIr iCLASSi FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Qoc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 - - -- -_ -- - _ - _ - _-_ _-----_ -_ _--I -2not be given such weight as to result in a decision that would be counter-productive to efforts to achieve adequate implementation of the ne 'l executive order The essential question you pose ther-efore is whether this decision by Mr Read will ensure adequate implementation of the new executive order A careful reading of Mr Read's decision memorandum indicates that many of your concerns are provided for by the ne '1 arrangements '1hile the Council on Classification Policy 'l1ll 'be abolished it j B to be replaced in part by an appeals board chaired by the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs in essence this is not different from the present arrangement While the Classification Declassification Center will be located in A it will 'operate in a quasi-autonomous manner using guidance developed by a committee that will include concerned regional and funotional bureaus including PA The basic departure from the present arrangement in 'Ilhich this function is performed by the CCP chaired by the Assistant Secretary for Public Affairs is that the director of the Center will be the ne ' chairman In addition the decision by Hr Read to serve as the chairman of the Department Oversight Committee' should accomplish a close invohrement of the seventh floor in ensuring full implementation of the new order PA as well as L and A is a member of this committee The concern you raise that new arrangements build on the expertise already acquired by PA is valid It appears that these nevi arrangements adequately' provide for dra dng on that expertise Ni th regard to the partIcular point you raise about the transfer of this function having a chilling effect on PAIs relations with journalists there is no reason that such a result must fo11o- Ol The Public Affairs Bureau will be represented on all of the committees dealing with mplementation of the new executive order and thus ell-positioned to ensure that no harm cernes to the unified public relations program that the bureau has buil t As you are a are not all questions concerning the implementation of the new executive order are essentially public r lations issues but on the - -- ----- - - -- - _ - - _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 -3- implementation of the order in general and on those questions in particular the Department l7ill continue to look to PA for advice and guidance Although· you lould not have chosen the arrangements selected 'by 'Jr Read many of your concerns appear to have been provided for in those arrangements I am sure that the timeliness and persuasiveness of your memorandum contributed to that result The task ahead is to ensure that the spirit as well as the letter of the new executive order is ully implemented We all hope hat PA and the Classifidation Declassification Center ill work together tm'lard that 'obj ecti ve • I -------------- ------ -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446234 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471712 Date 01 11 2018 '-o n-rrD -biJ il- rD ' rl - Il Il- J -n-ri Dii-irD-g-llirhu w -___ -_----- t- OUTGOING TELEGRAM DEPARTMENT OF STATE FORM DS 322 OCR __A I _' M N ti iSS I f _ _ ' - -_-_-_- ' SPECIAL C l-A s s r F IC A T I O N ' ' '·_-_-' _' -NJK NAA t l-- - D-TG----f IRELEASE IN PART I IS6 I SIGNATURE CHARGES - SI p'C· I PET£RSON bIIU·72 X22 72 TEl EXT S P ICARGO ------------ M E ---------- 1 OffIce NAME 2 NA 'E OFFICE 3 4 CLEARANCES 5 ClEARANCE5 S ____________________________ 7 _________________________ 8 -J O€SIl EO DISTRIB'JTION ROUTINE eoENcE IGUATEMALA ACTION ADDRESSES INFO PRECEDENce I INFO ADDRESSES SENr CH_A_N EL ______________________________________ CAprIO lS I INlTI ' S r AIJT fROM-»IRECTOR S PC DIi 1T£R t' REf GUATEMALA 2534 liv - Ltl THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGe RECEIPT DI OF REFTEL DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SUBMITTED Y I I THE YIE S EXPRESSED IN THIS MESSAGE ILl RECEIVE FULL ATTENTION IN THE DEPARTMEHT INITIAL DISTRIBUTION OF THIS TELEGRAM HAS BEEN MADE TO THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGE ENT THE DIRECTOR GENERAL'S OFFICE THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF TH DEPARTMENT AND THE OFFICE Of COMMUNICATION 2 2 CABLE CONTAINING DEPARTMENT VIEWS ILL FOLLOW I 3 4 s 6 7 YY B 6 5 4 3 1 o I CLASSifiCATION 1- _ _ - -- - - ---- -- -- • - 't ' - - - - •• - - _ - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471712 Date 01 11 2018 86 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 86 DISSENT CHANNEL TO REF 1 Amembassy TEGUCIGALPA Tegucigalpa 2313 Dept 1 s policy with respect to present crisis in 86 Burundi is in substantial agreement 'wi th 1-1___--'1 1 s view as transmitted ref tel 2 As soon as e crisis erupted on April 29 with a coordinated Hutu attempt to overthrow the Tutsi regime the USG tried to be helpful from both the humanitarian and political points of view In response to requests from the Burundl Red Cross Catholic Relief Services and Caritas International we supplied $80 000 worth of relief supplies to help victims of the initial hostilities _ We are reasonably certain that these suppl es reached the intended recipients without discrimination against any ethnic group 3 On the political side we joined with other govts represented in Burundi in an appeal to the Burundi Govt to refrain from reprisals and repression against the Hutu magority In view of the fact that we have no aid program in Burundi beyond a modest self-help program $35 OOO in FY 72 and that traditionally the US has been LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - _---- - -_ _- --'--'-' -- ---_ _-- - __ _ ____ _____ __ 1' 7'--- '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 identified with the Hutus because of American missionary activity we felt that the most effective pressure on the regime to cease the' epression would have to corne from °H f'I J W I' J other African govts We engaged 7 6 iPlom - with African leaders who are well known and respected in Burundi such as President Mobutu of Zaire Ould Daddah of Ethiopia Mauri ania Pre ident and Emperor Haile ·Selassie of Apart from Mobutu who sent a special nvoy to Burundi to urge moderation all the other Africans appeared reluctant to interfere in what they considered an internal matter of a sovereign African state The annual summit n conference of the Organization of African Unity June 1972 did not even discuss the problem 4 of As soon as it became clear that the distribution hurnanit rian assistance was being controlled in such a manner as to deprive the Hutus in favor of Tutsis we suspended all consideration of providing further aid Other organizations such as the ICRC also suspended plans for providing assistance 5 In late June the Secretary General of the UN sent a mission to Burundi to determine the facts and to recommend courses of action The mission was sent with LIMITED OFFICIALUSE _____ _0_ ___ _____ __ ___ -_ '_' ___' _ _-_ - _----_ __ - --- --' ' ·jjNCl ASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016- 07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 our encouragement and Embassy Bujumbura assisted the· mission in obtaining an accurate picture of the situation despite Burundi Govt efforts to the contrary We are now awaiting the Secretary General's reaction and are encouraging his associates to move quickly because the killing and suffering contirue 6 In addition to the suffering within Burundi a seriou refugee problem has developed in neighboring countries especially along Lake Tanganyi·ka in eastern Zaire Most of the refugees including many Hutu students who escaped execution squads are in terrible con ition The Dept has requested the posts ip the area to focus on the problem and make recommendations We have urged the UNHCR to take an urgent interest in the matter and they hav e agreed to send a representative to the area immediately to coordinate as istance The Catholic Relief Services is already working there and the Dept gave that organization a grant of $50 000 on July 14 to start the relief program going while we obtain more detaiis 7 Believe from the foregoing you will agree that USG doing the maximum within its limited capabilities to help the Hutus and encourage return to pea eful conditions LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472520 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472807 Date 01 11 2018 -_ _ _ _-------------------------- I _ a _ •••• ' • RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of State LIMITED OFFICrA USE JELEGRAM 898 PAG 01 STATE 0 2538 44 SS I ORIGIN iNFO OCT u 01 DRAF EO 1015 R BY S PC RRPETERSONIJK 3 6 73 EXT 22 72 APPROVED BY S PC WICARGO SIS • MR HARRY BARNES T MR NEWMAN Ar • AMB CLAUDE G ROSS AF E w MR WENDELL 8 COOTE S PC • MR· HERBERr SPIRO ' ID • • • W R 081422Z MA 73 F SECSTATE WAS DC TO AM MBASSY ADDIS ABABA rHrTED 130474 OFFICIAL USE SrATE 042538 DISSENT CHANNEL 11652 NO TAGS PI·NS £T SUBJECT DISSENT e o I REF I C ANNEL AN ' I---- 1 ADDIS ASASA AIRGRAM FROM A-23' DATEO rEB 1 - _ _ _ _- 1 7119'73' STATE 0331'73 1 DEPTQ HAS RECEIVED WITH INTEREST THOUGHTFUL rDElS E PRESSgp IN REF AIRGRAM ANO APPRECIATED THEM THEV WILL BE TAKEN INto ACCOUNT DURING CONTINUING ASSESSMENT ERE OF PROBtEMS ADORESSEOo COUNTRY DIRECTOR LOOKS roRWARO TO DISCUSSION Or ISSUES INVOLVED DUR NG HIS FORTHCOMING VISIT To ADDIS ROGE S 20 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472807 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016 07743 Doc No C06445677 Date 12 12 2017 IRELEASE IN FULLI ' Departnzent Of State t i 1 i 'r''''' t 5 ·· - ' SEORET PA E t A6 01 02335 2715 4Z 02 OF 02 S drm r _ i he '1'1 O'N t I t JXNFO 'f A ' 1 ADDIS 9258 S S 1'0 OCT 01 QSOQ00 1011 W ' ' ' 011B 5 l 0 271320Z Ft 75 ' J f r M AMf M6hSSY ADDIS ABABA i i j 'i'O SE CST A TE W sHDe I MMEO IATt · 3389 MiCONSUL ASMARA f 1 NFO e t 4 1 'j t CTION T 2 OF 2 ADDIS ABABA 2336 Exnxs f ' 1 ' ' NOFORN f 1 - f • t _ i· nI StNT I • p r HANN L 1 • i'l A F I POSSI SL E REPR I SAL S AGA I NS T AMC I T8 AS REF 6 MAKES CLEAR B n IS HIGHLV b IKEI V THAT AMERICANS IN ERITREA AND INDEEO MERICANS J i L Ehi Ii ERa 1'1 ETI'll 0 P A MAV Br COM ETA Rr Ei S 0 F RET ALI II T ION I F WE H l l ANY PART OF THE EfHIOPIAN REP ENISHMENT P-EQUEST g us WOUL D BE REJECTI G ITS FRIENOS EMBASSY PESONNEL J ESPECIA LY TH SIGNATORIESi HAVE REPEATEO V BEEN APPROACHED BY r 4 r ANr r G Q f TH OP ANS fROM lI L WALKS OF L IFE' REQUESilNG TH usr TO REJECT ' n AT T lE VEKY LEAST D AV ANy OECISION ON HIt ALREADY PUbLJ CfU O t j HIDPIAN MILlTARy REPLENISHMENT REQUEST IT IS REALIZED THAT THE 1 t' • F NAASS 0 sus tJ ALe I T AC' ' S ARe TH 5 E I NiH E 1 0 R AF f L LJ Ni l 0Dto RN H J r TOR CU MEKCEp BUR AUC ACYi ETCQ WHO PRUSPERED UNuER THE OLO f1 'j EG ME HOWEVER THEY REPHESENT A CROSS SECTION OF ETHIOPIA S L - 1 'I M I ED ETHN I C ANi RELIGI DUS ROUPS 0 iO I W AillT SUCH A REQUEST 9 t f I I H Y SiAiE p IS TO SUPPORT A GOVE NMENT DEOICATEO TO TH EVERY IjESi G uF A OE 10CRATIC SOClf TY IN ETHIOPY iHr aELIEV THAT rl'lE PMAC IS' A RADICAL Lt FT I'lING GROUP WHICH I ' J nE TRuCTION Of yj M I y ' THE ABILITV AND EXPERIENCE NEEQED TO GOVERN AND IS EXPENOING IILL ITS ENERGIES rt 2 RELV TO SURVIVE IT IS ACTING RA'SHbY AND 1 RRATII'JNAl L' IN THE HOPE THAT ITS RAOICAL ECONOMIC ANO SOCIAL J RE nRGMH ZAi I 0 I SC1'1 Ettl ESC 4 8 E ceo MP LIS HE0 6 E F RET Ii E II 0 I RGII I S t ·l nE ROVED IN THIS VIEW g THE PMAC IS A HIGHLAND' AMHARAJGALLA · I ' LACKS g dr · '7nkSi'-j7P d·qi H FOR 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AFFRONT AT THE BLATANT AN7 · _ • 'AJ f 3 ANil MOSLE 1 THEME OF £PMG PROflAGANOA WHIL E IT lS liNL IKELY THAT ANV Or THE MORE P'RIENDLY ARAB POWERS WOULD CO iPI ETEbV AEnRIENT THEIN fO elGN PO ICV IS-A VIS THE UNITEO STATES B CIU8E OF THE MI ITARV REPLENISHMENT IT WOULD MOST PR06 BLV MUDDY THE WA ERS o 8ILATERAL RELATINS FOR SOME T1M SINCE AN ATTEMPT 6t A MIlITARV SOLUTION TO THE PERITREAN PRO LfM ' IS LIKELY TO -r NV'OLVE PROTR CTEO CONF CT THIS 8A 6 IN US-ARAB RELATIONS' WOI Il O BE A REI ATIVEI V LUNG ' ASTlNG IRRITANT Q C STS AND ALTERNATIVES A ' 'HE SIGNATORIES t lEL IEVE THAT'THE COSTS OF A OEFERRED DECISION ON T E THIOPIAN EQUEST ARE SIGNIFICANTLY SMAL LER T AN EITHER J 1 n THE TWO OTh R ALTERNATIVES I E GRANiING OF AI L OR Af lT Or tlR R fUSXNG THE ETHIOPIAN Rt PI ENISHt1F NT Rr QUEST AS ST lTi O ' A6 V ETH PIA HAS PR06ASLY RIED OTHER ARMS SOURCES AND 'Al EOD N ADD TtON THE US HAS CONT NUALLV EXPRESSED ITS WIL INGNES5 ro 1 H LP ETHIOPH DEVELOP ECONOMlt AI L Y IN THAT REGARD A l 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212333 02' OF 02' 211534Z H c MENTIONED ABOYE IS THE BEST POLICYg THE SECOND af8r S A HEJECTION r1l T1 1£ T IE ETHIOPIAN REQUEST AS THE EMBASSY HAS NOTED SEFORE THIS COULD RESULT IN T E EPMG R QUEST'NG THe us i iO REDUCF OR TERMINATE ITS 6I ATERAL RELATXONS PEACE CORPS AAGp AID ET WHILE SUCH AN ETHIOPIAN REACTION IS P05SI8Lfp THE SIGN4TORIES BELIEVE THAT GIVEN ETH70PIA'S CURRENT OELICAT f li l ANn DIFFICULT IiuATION THE PMA WOUL D REJECT SUCH A RADICAL i REACTlON Q WE 6eLIEVEp HOWEVER p THAT IT IS QUITE LIKELY THAT IN ' FOR THE PR SENT ·Of- ·F ' 11 t J NEAR TERM RELATIONS WILL f 1l ' CONSID RA8LE OvER THE PAST SEVERAL THE ' HF J 'fh1 REMAIN COOLs GIVEN T E USqEPMG ANTI WE5TERN MEnIA PRO SOCIALIS MONTliS SLoe PROPAGANDA IN T E UB IQ_UITOUS TEACMING OF MARXI T RHETORIC IN THE SCHOOLS ND DIRGIS STRONG RfLUCTANCE TO DEAL PuBLICLY WITH US ANO OTHER DIPLOMATIC REPRESENTATIV S ' I WE BELIEVE THAT LITTLE IN 1HE CUR ENT NATURE OF OuR ReLATIONSHIP i 'i WIl L BE CHANGf O By A uS REFUSAL u 4 t er 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REPLENISHMENT REQUEST 0 f ' nnULO wyMAN B NOYE BY OC T DISTRIBUTION PER S 5 O • MR SHANKlEo 1- ' · · j f Nor 'TO BE REPR DUCED ' I WITHOUT THE 'AUTHORIZATION OF·'THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY ' SECRET ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445677 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476346 Date 01 11 2018 6 6NF I BE Ht I AL OUTGO If G Depart1 ient Of State PAGE 111 ORIGIN STATE TELEGRAM 272283 6963 SP- J2 RELEASE IN PART 86 INfO OCT-OO· ADS-OO ES-Ol 003· R ORAfHD BY SIP DBANDLER AG APPRO Vf 0 BY SIP PWO LF0WI TZ --------- ----- --175760 280124Z IJ R 272106Z SEP 82 FM SEC STATE WAS H DC TO AMEMBASSY ROME e 6 NFl BEN I I A L STATE 272233 R L-I_ _ _----'IFROM SIP PAUL WOlfOWITZ - E O 12356 12356 DECLAS OADR TAG S PEP R P I N·T Pl 0 XF IS LE I SUBJECT U ·5 POLICY TOWARD ISRAEl REFERENCE ROME 21467 J 1 - -- ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU fOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE ON U S POLICY TOWARD ISRAEl PER'YOUR REOUEST THE MESSAGE 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j' j i ---II'--_--_ _ ____------------------_ 1' _ lI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 C06415574 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 ' 1 - - CONFIDENTIAL -i _ -' J SUDAt'E 00437' 03 OF 114 BuT IMPROVING tONDITJUNS NOr TO ENCUUHAijf EXCESSIVE CRALLtNG HICH NIGH STNENGtHEN HtPKESSIVE FDHC S AI I' c TUHfi TO PAS - - FINALLY IT CbULU E Odj CTED wE AH TYING OUR HANDS RiNOUN'lNG AkV OPTION TO I T MVENE TO RING fO-PUWER A FRlENi lLY IJE IOCRA1' C R Gr E THlS QrJc CTION COl lL O BE HU E fO C ULLY MADt lrH REG RO TO A T I D WORLD STATE R SPONSE TO'THIS lsi HO oFTtN 00 WE R A LY EXPECT'TO INTER'VF Ht ' IN THlS 'HANNeR IN FUTUR£ ALSu w£ ARc FAR MU LIKELY TO ISH lU USE ENUNCI TtD P LICy AS A 12 6 JUSTIFICATION fOR NONaINT£RVgNriOtl 'fUI EXAMPLE If'l ' GRtA ANO CHILE S C ETARY' SPE Ch MO tOVER COULD A AY AS TU LEAV uS AS MUCH Of AN HEfAIN TO LAUNCH A cuvtRT OPER TlON IHCUMSTANCES riHEN A VIT L U 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C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i iI C j i I I t J • ' I i _ I ONFlDENT j PAGE 03 UDAP€ 0437 lAL 3 OF 04 10143 Z I J I - S Tt MI C HAN GEl N CH CH0 SL 0 VA IA Ii HI w0 UL 0 l e A0 r 0 J OV RTHROW Of CZtCH RE I E USG INSiT N lGHT TO PtflTiON ANU STArt VltWS ANa TO PUSH fON LOhG LISl of SPECIFIC HUMAN R1G TS TH Y·MtNrION -W A E OPPUSED TO JAILIN OR EXI E of CHARIEH 5IGHtR5 rei t u A SEMBLY 1 w CANNOT I CZECH GOVERNMENT ru ACCE T· Sp £ H r I UN Rt S r RIC 1 EO RIG H T OF ANU HIGHI' TO '5TR1K fUN THIS·ALMOST HUWEVEH tXPECT I NH t S TR J J o AS i f Rt t 0 0 f'l Uf j i· J TAN1AMOUNf TO CKEidloi UF pOLiTICAl ' OI-'PUSlflON DESPITE I SPONSO S WE OULU STILL NftD DElt MINE HOW EYO U-PROPOSEO SECR fARils SPEECH wE ARtICUL t Tr U s VIErlS ON CKARTt H 77 If' AT ALL tlUl OOLO E t AR kE' ISHED REMAIN WITHIN RAMETERS OF DISCLAlMERS OF CHARrEk SUGGt S TEO - SPEt CH Hi - 'I' i 1 1 l- - C5CE USG-WOU O HoLD COMMuNIST STAr S TO aASK T III PUSH rOW HUMAN WIGHTS WE AOVOCAtE-At ELGRAOE-A O B YONO T SAHt Tl E- E WOULU CLtAHLY ANU PUBLICLY Dl AGREE lTH·DOM UN15TS ON O SIANT G0ACS-WHICH wE WOULD C NllNUf ARTICULATE I NON-AGHE$SIVE ANNtR - CHALLENGING CuMhUNIST SlATES TO CUNTINUE pEACtFUL w Of IDEAS E W ULU ATr MPT TU 00HKOUT' CONsrRutTkvtLf WI1H CUMMUNIST s AiES JOiNTLY ANO IN OuR 81LAI' RAL L1rONS STEPS BDTH S 10 Eo 5 CAN' AI i f t E lJ N ' HI P l E 1 c liT HE L I Ni I INC REA St Ci i 0 p t R A rIO l r I' E A r yit ST RE L A rI 0 NS Ar Pf 0 MOT E HUM AN RlGH 1s· · e ORKtRS PORTfsrS SUCH AS IN POLAND 1976 • U S OPFOSES pD lCE·BRUTALITY I SlSTS UPON wO K R I f5 TO EXPRESS GHIEVANCE ANu PETITI0N FOR CHANG S - CALLS POR DUE p E ess Of LA fO iHU5 ACCU ED OF A TI- EGIHE ·Al Tlvlil€S WHILE ilE' ACCEf r HIGHT UF ·PUt lSH GOVERNMENT Tu'St£ TO uBSEHVANCt uF 115 AWS ANU PRtsiRVE ORO wi XPECT COMPASSIO ANO MODERATION l CA RYING ouT A U AGA Ni WH THE ANU ow SP CIF1CALLY TO R lT£RAT£ OK 5P LL uUT IN D TAIL OUH WOULD OEPEND TRIS TASK poL tr ON ·ASSESSt 'It NT OF Sl fUATlON AT TIME · • cb YUGOSLAVIA w£ bACK REQUEST FOR ENO·TO DISCRIMINATION i j 1 1 l i J T I ONFlOENi lAl I j • ' 11 --- ------- ---- ------ ------------- -- ___________ _ _f UNCLASSIFIED U S Depar ment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 i· co 641557 4 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Date 10 11 2017 j I i I 0 1 C 1 ONf IOEN' PAGE 04 lSSUAN E IN 3 OF 4 1 1439Z f '1 1 Of PASSPOI1Ts SOOTR AFHICA' -U G l SISlS U ON fNO TO RACISM AND AL L t AN I 0 BRI NG Hi AT A Uu t j 11 0 RT a F v I 0 l EN T MEA S OR CTIVE' u s tNGAGEME T-l ATtE pr TO 6VERrHRow 1'1 i LOa EXlSfI NG GOVERNMENTo - i - ' II @ '·1 c - ® -i iI I I CGNSIDERA1ION J i ' KoREA U S pRE 5ES FOR ACCEPT Ct OF-HuMAN RIGHTS 'sur AS ELbE HiR RAINS' FROM SUPPUHTl G ACTlyfLY tFFORTS TO'CHANGE PULITlCAL SYSTEM lrl E MO EuvtR IN PU 5UING 1 3 oU fOLICY UF HUMAN RiGHTS ADVOCACY we Husr TAKE iNTO ' - lAl - 0437 aUOAPE i A iIA - oO IMP kTANT SECURITY lNT RESJS - IN EAST saVItT UNION U S 'WOWLU MPLOY ANY P ODENT ANO PotE TIALCY FUHITfUL MEASURES Al ITS Ol PUSAL TO INSURE 'F EEOOM o EMIGHAYION fREEDOM TO THAVEC FRE DOM O R lG10 -fkEEU M-fNOM AR8ITRARy A HE T AND so FORTH - G i 1 f j '1 C -1 ij' ·1 @ - I 1 @ ' j @ ' 1 l i I @ ' I f ' Jt l ' @ i 1 - @ r i @ ' 1 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415574 Da1e 10 11 2017 ' ' co 641 7004 71ED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417004 Date 10 11 2017 I I IRELEASE IN FULLI LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEV 8DM EXT- 29716 8-1-77 S P ALAKE SIP - A· DEPORTE SIP-OF NA80YER S P JHARRINGTON SIP ONLY ROUTINE PARIS DISSENT CHANNEL FOR DOBRIN FROM LAKE SIP --rL-' AL MAC MJY-AD E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR FR PINT PGOV SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FRENCH LEFT USG RELATIONS WITH THE· RJH N'AB 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON USG REbATIONS WITH THE FRENCH LEFT ANTON DEPORTE OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL BE COORDINAT NG A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PRACTICES YOUR MESSAGE HAS SEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE HAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOU ON YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED yy LIMITED OFFICIAL USE __ w_ ______ _____ ___________________ ___ ____ _ P_' • • _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417004 Date 10 11 2017' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 1 --- -- - -- -- ' ---------- - -----' _ _ _---_ ------- -- --- jA J $- DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wuhlnz on D RELEASE IN PART 86 0520 i Augus' 23 1976 MENORANDUM II I 86 FROM sIp - Winston Lord '0 'SUBJECT 1- Your Disse-nt Regarding Cer- ain State Dep'artmeqt Polic ies i I regret that I have· been unable to give you an early reply to your dissent message of Harch 1 ' As you know from your discussions with Don Petterson of my staff the delay has been a result of our effort -to obtain the best possible response to the points you made regarding employee rights in s curity interviews I am continuing to pursue this matter and hope to have something ready for' you s60n - In the meantime I would like as you suggested to respond to th other t lO ·issues you raised in- your letter 'Export Licenses and Rhodesian·Sanetions The courtroom proof standard t-lhich was a'pplied in the case of the export license for the sale of the DC-8 to Gabon was changed by the· Departments of State 'and Commerce in the fall of 1'974 according to the Burea4 of African·Affairs I -am alsp informed by AF that the chahge t'O a believe-there-is-a-likelihood standard was a result of the diversion of the Gabonese DC-8 to Rhodesi·a AF notes that of co rse there can be no absolute guarantee that a product wou d not be diverted for Rhodesian use and that there could be oecasions when decisions would have to be made on the basis of a judgment based on such factors as indications of possible'misuse on the one hand and on the other the degree of credence that should be given to guarantees given by a potential buyer It is fair to conclude that because of the Gabonese case any judgment would be made with great· car and del beration '' i ··· - ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 - ' ' _-_ 2- ' - - - _ _ • u ' i Emeloyee Ac ss to CDC Files - - --- ----- - i ' I I I have Deen informed by th Off ce of Personnel that an arti le as placed in the Jl'ue 1976 Newsletter otifying e n loY 2 es that tney have full access to their personnel files including CDC iles ' ' ' Once a 3 in let me thank you fc your c'ontinued constructive use of the diss'ent ch'annel Your memorandum like tne one you submittnd last fall has had som demonstrable results • I i i • I' ' I 'DRAFTED S P DkPetterson gMcP CLEARANCES AF S Ft'1isner PER LRussell S P-OF Na oyer ' • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06446076 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446556 Date 12 11 2017 _· _______--- --i I L E A S E IN PA R T JI - _ q DEPARTMENT OF STATE WoslIllI on D r 20S20 March 10 1978 86 ARA CCA Room 3250 Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear 1'--_ _ _ _ _ JI u s 86 Thank you for your dissent channel message on policy on the Spanish Sahara • I assume that your dissent from ' in't'er 'aTia nan effort to supply Morocco with military equipment which can be used outside j t-s borders refers to a proposed sale of OV-lO aircraft and Cobra helicopters As you may tno after extensi· re consultations lith the Congress the Department has decided not to proceed with these tr nsactions at this time As recently a s last year the U s Government affirmed its adherence to the principle of selrdetermination for the Western Sahara and has suppo rted UN actions tm ard that end In addition the Arms Export Control Act limits the use of US-supplied equipment primarily to maintaining internal security and for legitimate self defense • Our bilate al relations are also an important element in any decision that we make to s ll arms to Morocco Historically Hassan has cooperated closely with us in pursuit of our strategic and diplomatic objectives in the Mediterranean the Middle East and Af ica Moreover the King's courageous support for Sadat has been important in current efforts to achiev a Mideas t peace settlement Thus while legal prohibition and past commitments require that we not sell equipment foz the purpose of aggression e also have strong interests in satisfying Morocco's legitimate defense needs Again thank you for your thoughtful message It is part due to the concerns 'that you raise that we' are not proceeding with the OV-IO transaction at this Juncture in Drafted S P SCohen Clearances S P PKreisberg PM AKochanek NEA SBishop Sincerely W• Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff CONFIDENTIAk - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446556 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 j - 0 0 IRELEASE IN PART 861 I ' r r C UNCLASS IFI ED PAGE €l ORIGIN SF'-02 INPC ST ATE 1584 35 ADS-00 CCT-02 TreE CFT 04 ES-01 'l C tRAFTED'EY S P TTBORNTON EE APPROVEt BY S P PWCLFOWITZ ARA e - S ANCERSON SUES IDCA TDP - MR SCONCE SURS CFP - r' S REAPEY C DESIRED DISTRIBUTION StF RA IDC C 3 eS1750Z JUN 82 F c TC ------------------111 20 SECSTATE WASHDC SAN JOSE A EMEAS Y UNCLAS STATE 15S42·5 C T ISS'ENT CHANNBL - FOP I E O 12e'65 I 1720a 9Z 38 I F lOM N A ENRG TRGY CS UF JEG'I ' ALCOp or F S IE· I Ll TY STUDY C 'I AGS ' H SAN SiP WDLFOiHTZ JOSE ' 22 7 1 THANK Y0U FO YOUP ISSENT GHANNEl MESSAGE HEFTEL ON ' THE TDP AICOROL FEA5IEILITY S'Uty sip EAS DISSEMINATED IT TC THE PRINCIFAL OF ICERS 05 EE DSP RTME AND CRECXED CU THI POINTS HAT yeU MADE WITH THE RELEVANT BUR AUS c ' j 2 YCU3 CCNCERN HAT TEE E MAY NOT E FINANCING AVAILAFLE FCR EB OVERALL PROJECT IS WIDELY SHARE OBVIOUSLY NOPCDY CAN IE APSOLUTELY SUaE OF THE FUNDING OF THr PROJECT UNTIl ALL OF 'THE ASPECTS BAVE P EN' DEVELOPED AS YOU peINT OUT HO'IlEVER SCP 'F Ci TlJP ·rUNDS SHOULD NO' BE USED UNCLASS FlED c c I UNCL SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 WITHOUT RiASONAFLE INYESTMENT XPECTATIUNS IT IS rUB TH T REISCN THAT rDP IS fAXING A VERY CLOSE LOOK AT TH INVKST EN'I' FO'J'ENTIAL INcrUDING SOME rNTERN TIONH liPHNCHL INSTITUTIONS TEAT H I V EXPP ESSEC INTEREST BEFCRE cor1MIT- ' TIKG THEMSELVES TO TAKE ON THE FIASIPILITY STUDY IF IT TURNS OUT TRAT TEERE IS A RE SON BLE POSS lEILITY F0P FUNDING TfiE PROJECT THE FEASIP LITY STUDY WOULD ' I A SENSI LE NEXT STEP IN lOCKI G AT A PCTENTIALLY VALUA LE OPFORTUNITY C rOR ceSTA RICAN DEVELOPMENT AND FO AMERICAN 'TP ADE o o CO 'I' 4 o ' 'fP CONFIRMS INCIDENTil LLY T'RE POINT' MADE IN P A- GRAPH 5 OF RFFTEL -- THAT TEE STUDY SHOULD NeT DUPLICATE WO K AL3EADY rONE SINCE THERE ARE NO STUDIES AVAILAPLE SAl EXA INE THE USE OF ETP ANOL IN DIESEL ENGINES OR THE '1'0 COSTA HIeA CF SUG K A CCNVE SSION IN SUM Tij ' yeUR CeNCIRNS HAVE BEIN AISED AT THE FeINTS IvRERE DECISIONS ARE NOYT nING CONSIDER'ED TH'ERE rOES NOT SEEM TO n ANY SU STANTIAL DISAnEEMEN'T OVER 'I'EEr' AND TEZY WILL FE 'I'AKEN IN'i'C FULL ACCOUNT e IT IS IMPORTANT TEAT VIEWS SUCE AS THE ONE YOU SET FOETH IN YOUR DISSE T MESSlGE BE EFFECTIVELY C0MMUNICATED rECISION MAKI G POINTS WITEIN THE UEPARTMENT IF AT 0 O ALL F0S IPtE THIS SHOULD BE DONE TBROUG NORMAL REP09TING 1 FRCCEtU ES WHICH A E KOHE RAPIDLY AND FULLY DISSEMINATED AIE0 NCR AL REPORTING SHOUtD FINElIT FROM TBP FULL ST PCSSIELE RANGE OF RESPONSIBLE VIEWS IN USING THE nSSENT CH 4'NNEL IT IS IMPO TANT TO OBSERIJE THE t'EPAF 'I'MENT'S GUIDELINES IF JANUARY 19 1 77 AND TE'Fi t' I PROVISIOKS OF 2 FA 101 AND 11 JAM 243 HESE SPECIFY TRl T THE CHANNEL IS INTENDED Te' BRING TC LIGHT FOLICY VIE S TEAT MAY NOT OTHERWISE CO E TO THE ATTENTICN CF UNCLASSIFI£ C I jo o UNCLASS FIE PAGE 03 I - STA'I'E 158435 FCLICYMAKERS RAT¥ EP THAN FOR T ANSMISSION OF POSITICNS THAT T E CONCB NEt MISSICN WOULD BE WILLING TO SEND FORWARD IN 'I'F I NORMAL COURSE OF 'PUSINE S STOESSEL l UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476349 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476932 Date 01 11 2018 J RELEASE IN PART 86 J - eON FI · rA S P ABOHLEN HDM 30 ab EXT 7898b S P RHSOLOMON OPEN FORUM NLABRIE S P JLIIIASHBURN IMMEDIATE S P NLEDSICY NElli DE LHI DISSENT CHANNEL FOR L' JI·'FROM s P DIRECTO'R SOLOMON _____ E O 1235b DECL TAGS MNUC SUBJECT NUCLEAR TESTING MORATORIUM REFS 1 OADR PARM A 8S LONDON 21865 CONFIDENTIAL ENTIR B NEW DELHI 7706 ' TEXT '2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUl PIECE ADVOCATiN'G THAT THE US PROPOSE A FIVE YEAR BAN ON NUCLEAR TESTING YOU HAVE DONE A FINE JOB IN SCRUTINIZING SOME OF THE MOST COMMON ARGUMENTS AGAINST A TESTING MORATORIUM AND PROVIDING WELL-THOUGHT OUT COUNTER ARGUMENTS OF YOUR O N SINCE THE TiME YOU WROTE YOUR MESSAGE MOREOVER THE ISSUES YOU' RAISE HAVE BECOME EVEN MORE TIMELY GENER L SECRETARY GORBACHEV HAS EXTENDED THE ORIGINAL SOVIET MORATORIUM SEVERAL TIMES BEYOND ITS ORIGINAL EXPIRY DATE OF JANUARY 1 HAS REAFFIRMED HIS PROPOSALS TO RESUME CTB NEGOTIATIONS'IN HIS ANUARY 15 PROPOSAL AND IS TRYING TO EMPHASIZE THE TEST BAN AS A PRIORITY TOPIC FOR THE NEXT US-SOVIET SUMMIT A TEST BAN CONTINUES TO AROUSE GREAT INTEREST IN THE US A RECENT CONGRESSIONAL eeNFUE nIAL _ _-- - _-'- - _-_ _ - _ _- - '- -- _ __ --- __ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476932 Date 01 11 2018 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WD I iton D C 0520 March it 1978 DearLI______________ 86 ' This letter is in res·ponse· to your dissent channel message concerning decontrol and release of Limited Official Use and unclassified material As you are aware 5 FAM 952 1 describes the proper basis for the marking of any document Limited Official Use Certain official information and material which is not national sec urity in formation 'and therefore cannot be classified is nonetheless protected by law against disclosure Several laws provide the basis for this protection ' One main source of law to protect information against disclosure is the Privacy Act thus the Biographic Register and personnel records are properlydesignated Limited Official Use Another is found in Congressional legislation that protects trade secrets and various other information against unwarranted disclosure The Freedom of Information Act recogn izes several categories of information which can be withheld from public disclosure ·This is not to say of course that all information which can be withheld should be designated LOU According to the' Foreign Affairs Manual unless there is a legal requirement to protect information for reasons other than national security it cannot properly be marked Limited Official Use There is absolutely no question but that the majority of documents marked Limited Official Use have not been designated on the bas s of specific legal requirements I L--- B u r e a u o f I n t e-r-- Am e r can 86 Affairs Department of State ---- -- -------- ----------_ _--------- ----- - ---- ------- ---- ----------------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 05 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 '-2However LOU remains a valuable designation because it affords a degree of protection to sensitive information which is not classified The classification system itself· has been under review through the process of a Presidential Review Memorandum This review will result in a new Executive Order on classif cation of national security information The text of this order should be issued some time this Spring The order generally defines more clearly and makes more restrictive the use of classification designations and ill make clear that other designations such as Limited Official Use are not to be used to protect national security information • While Limited Official Use is not a national security designation and therefore not a subject of the new Executive Order it would be helpful if at the time the State Department issues its implementing regulations and instructions to deal with the new Executive Order the proper use of Limited Official Use is brought to the attention of classifying officers In particular it should be made clear that this designation should be used only when a specified legal or regUlatory basis exists Officers should also be aware tbat national security information should be classified as provided for in the new Executive Order The regulations governing handling and storage of LOU material will also be reviewed at that time Your second question concerned the release of unclassified material As yo u are aware Congress has provided in the Freedom of Information Act for standards and procedures to be used in releasing government material upon request In response to this Congressional mandate the Department drew up regulations to implement the law The basic point in practice is that the proposed release should be authorized by the office that has the responsibility for the record in question I am enclosing a copy of these regula i0ns which answer your specific questions on ForA procedures If you have any particular complai'nts about the manner in which the Department responded to the request to release the reporting cable yo spoke of these regulations provide for an a peal of an initial denial --- - - -------- ----- --- -- --------- - ----_ - --- - - - - -_ _- - _ --- ----- ---- -- - - -- ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 41 705 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 - -3- f I am sending a copy of this letter to the Chairman of the Committee on Classification Policy Assistant Secretary Hodding Carter so that your'concerns about the improper·use·of the designation Limited Official Use can be dealt with in the process of updating State Department regulations to implement the new Executive Order on classification policy j ' I • '2 t Sincerely yours ' ' J A i 'f ' - __ Paul' H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure As sta'ted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417059 Date 10 11 2017 -- - --- UNCLAssi'FIE'D U S -·Department of Stat Case-No- -F 2-016-07743 'Do 'No_ C0643'1972 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART i ' 86 il CONfIDErHIAL ' i S P NBOYER GMCP 3 17 77 EXT 29716 S P TLAKE EAI ANP CSQ UIRE S P RJHARRINGTQN SIP ONLY ROUTINE f1EL80URNE STADIS DI-SSENT CHANNEL TL E O 11b52 GDS C TAGS ELAB AS SU8J EeT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE 1976 LABOR REPORT FOR AUSTRALIA REF A STATE 44780 B· CANBERRA A-3 C MELBOURNE O 13 fORI ____ I FROM TONY LAKE DIRECTOR POLICY PLANNING STAff 86 I HAVE NOW RECEIVED ALL OF THE REFtRENCED DOCUMENTS AND REVIEWED YOUR REQUEST TO HAVE CANBERRA A-3 REDESIGNATED AS A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I HAVE DECIDED NOT TO DO SO ' TH DISSENT CHANNEL IS INTENDED TO GIVE VOICE TO POLICY' VIEWPOINTS WHICH CANNOT OTHERWISE BE EXPRESSED SINCE THE EMBASSY TRANSMITTED THE MESSAGE IN QUES'TION I BELIEVE THE BASIC OBJECTIVE HAS BEEN FULFILLED AND THERE IS NO NEED TO RESORT TO THE DISSENT CHANNEL 1 2· CANBrRRA A-3 IS BEING DISTRIBUTED TO EA INR SIP SilL AND THE CIA I BELXEVE THAT THIS MEETS YOUR BASIC REQUEST REGARDING DISTRIBUTION OF YOUR REPORT YY COPJF'IPENTIAL ----'- - - -'- - - '-- - --' _ _ __ a __ h ____ 'C' __ _ _ _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No _ _ -' _____ gq 3j972 __ Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 • I RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SIP MELY RJHARRINGTON BDM EXT 22972 6-2-77· S P ALAKE EBIOIA - MR SMITH S P-OF N80YER SIP ONLY ROUTINE BOGOTA STAtT - D T IT C Y ANNEL FOR _ r ·FROM E O 11652 TONY LAKE DIRECTOR SIP N A TAGS EINV CO SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE · OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION REF A BOGOTA 1639 B BOGOTA 2651 1 AS YOU ARE AWARE IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO REVERSE THE DECISION TO SEND THE OPIt INVESTMENT MISSION TO BOGOTA AGREEMENT IN·PRINCIPLE AT A HIGH LEVEL BETWEEN lTATE AND OPIC HAD ALREADY BEEN REACHED PRIOR TO YOUR INITIAL DISSENT MESSAGE BY THE TIME QF YOUR SECOND DISSENT MESSAGE INVITATIONS HAD ALREADY BEEN ISSUED TO PRIVATE MEMBERS ·r 2 THERE WAS A DIVISION OF OPINION IN WASHINGTON OVER THE UTILITY OF THE MISSION SOME FELT THAT IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN OF SOME POSSIBLE VALUE AND THAT THE INCLUSION Of COLOMBIA SHOULD NOT BE OPPOSED N VIEW OF VISITS TO ADJACENT ' COUNTRIES GIVEN THE DIVERGING VIEWS ON THE UTILITY Of THE MISSION PLUS SOME STRONG FEELING FROM OPIC ITSELf IT 'WA - t DECIDED TO PROCEED _ YOUR ARGUMENTS TO CONT AR WERE 'i COGENr AND WE XPRESSED 'r ' - t f 'I -» '- ' L·'· l''''-' ''''' ''P ''' t t 1rf3 1f i rAl SE ¥ r -'t- ' - J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 D e 11 13 2017 --- --------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 2 3 IT IS CLEAR IN RETROSPECT THAT YOU WERE CORRECT IN fORECASTING A VERY MODEST AND FOR OPIC DISAPPOINTING COLOMBIAN RESPONSE TO T HE MISSION THE POLICY ISSUE THAT UN ERLIES OPIC ACTIVITIES IN THE INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AREA IS NOW UNDER INTERAGENCY EXAMINATION WE HOPE THAT THE EXPERIENCE GAINED WILL CONTRIBUTE TO BETTER PLANNING OF SUCH MISSIONS IN THE FUTURE INCLUDING FULL CONSULTATION WITH THE fIELD ' y I REGRET THE DELAY IN RESPONSE YOU ARE COMMENDED FOR'YOUR' CONSTRUCTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY f - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431594 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 I LIMITED FFICIAL USE RELEASE IN PART 86 S P-OFP RFSMITH BDM 3-4-75 EXT 28790 S P SWLEWIS S P HJSPIRO SIP DISTRIBUTION ONLY ADDIS ABABA ROUTINE I· DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR SUBJtCT REF' DISSE t MESSAGE 1-1 ' A'DDIS 2335 FOR _----' 1-1_ _--'I _ i AND ·1'----- --_ _----' 86 '1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF REFER£NCED DISSENT CABLE MR H R B RT· SPIRO OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAfF' SIP HAS BEEN NA ED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE • 2 f IN ACCORDANCE' WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR' OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND T'iE I-iA'IR PERSON OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL COPIES HAVE ALSO BEEN SENT TO THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE' UNDER SE RETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR SECURITY ASSISTANCE THE ASSISTA T SECRETARY FOR AFRICAN AFFAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF OLITICO- I ITARY ·AFfAIRS • 3 L - ' ' ' O FICIAL l I J - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' ------------- LIeUTED USE ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 r 7 '3_ E r 'AL E ' t ' ' I ' ' C M EN1 YOUR 'E F TH ' ISSENT CHANNEL R· PL Y ' AS P 9r 1PTL Y AS P08SIBLE TO YOUR CONCERN 4 ' WE - AND 'WILL ljIy ' ' t 'f • - ' - - - • • ' ' ' • • - ' ' J o '- ' - f·· - ' i ' ' # • - ' to • ' ' • _ • t' i • ' ' r • • ' • • • t p' - ' - ' • ' w' - - ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445678 Date 12 11 2017 ---------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431974 Date -1'1 13 2017- _ r c RELEASE IN PART 86 1- - RJ -- Attached is a draft reply I' series o dis sen messages 0 Australian Labor J Since he has resigned from the Dept I ve witten it in an unclassifie form Have also geared it to teer clear of major flak fr the Embassy and to keep the des officer from between· a rock an a hard place If you agree with t Il11 send out for cie UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431974 Date 11 13 2017 _·····_·1 i 86 I I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446081 Date 12 11 2017 - - - _-------_ _--- - _---- - -- - DEPARTMENT OF STATE t BRIEFING MEMORANDUM G • SIS eOMPIBEUq Il' L December 4 1975 DISSENT CHANNEL To The Secretary From· sIP Nins ton Lor Dissent Channel Nemorandum on Terrorism ________ Ihas sent to'me through the dissent channel a memorandum Tab 1 dissenting from Department policy on hostage situations her main argument is tha we should abandon our current no negotiations policy and instead issue standing instructions that focus solely on the saving of lives in the given situation I also takes issue with the Department on the B e v c r t e r case casts aspersions on the motives underlying Departmental pplicy and alleges that the Department ·is keeping the RAt- IJ study on terr orism under 'wraps because it contains some portions that diverge from current policy 86 86 Beca'use of the importance of the issue I believe I should fon ard I II s memorandum to you despite its trankly unacceptable tone It is an intolerant and poorly organized paper it also fails to come up with useful specific recow endation Nith the help of S CCT I I have replied 'to her Tab 2 i'le took particular care to investigate the charge concerning the RAND contract· and find that CJ allegations are not justified I have taken a more restra ned tone in my reply t an c J deserves 86 86 86 Attachments Tab 1 - I Tab 2 - Reply I dissent 86 86 t ---I_ _ _ _--'1 COW IQS J'UAL DISSENT CP ANNEL _ o f _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Pi 5-t ' ' ' - _ _ •• -- - z __ 'j ' o -_ _ - ---- _ _ _ __- --' _ _-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No' C06446081 Date 12 11 2017· co 641557 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 ' I G- J '1 I'· j I I RELEASE IN FULLI ' I I f I I I I TFC978 1j hl1933Z i ONFIDENTIAl i i I I 0 PAGE 01 ACt lOti SP- l2 r' _ INFo' I 8UOAPE 0437 114 Of 114 1 I OCT 111 lSO-vj0 I 1 FeE W - ------ - · - --142 35Z 0285 2 143 R 1 10942Z f't 8 77 FM AMEMaA SY oU0APE T i 1 T SECSTA1 ASHD t8b @' i j CON FlO E N T I A r ® SECTIUN 4 Of 4 U APEST 0437 j' E O GDS 1 ' T Hl E I Nt s S • 1 N 0 NCL US I 0 Ill URAFT ERN 0 T ESP Rap 0 SE0 SI tLCH oY SE Cn ETARt WUUI O 8t Vt RY TlMt Y AT OUTSET of e 4 11652 ' ' - ' ' i D LSSENT CHANNEL 1 · · · - N W ·A D '11N L 1 ATiON LlEEO l SHOUL U IN DRAfTER'S U£ I Ano IN Y 1 t 1' ' 0 F cuR r i NTel V 1 L RIG H TS l UMOrL IN SOVIET U IUN POLAND ANU CZECHOSLOVAKlA AND f AS 1 APPto UAt H1 NG HEI S1NK 1 F 0 L LOW· up' Mc t T1 i GIN ti ELGI ADE • • 'io t 1 N ION r dEL U L tlfjTh i' I I I'j '1 't f 0 ' I I I ® 1 j ·r ' '1 @ i I @ @ ' aNF DENTlAL @ @ ' @ - 1 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 co 641557 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 r ce It • _ t • CLEARANCES AID - Mr Gillian Mr urlivan NS 5940 ------ EB - Mr · Katz Mr Boeker NS EA - M Holbrook Mr Carney ' -- NS SIP Pike OF - Hr Boyer • • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415575 Date 10 11 2017 - co 641 70 61 I_EI · ·p Rartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417061 Date 10 11 2017 U T£D I V' STATES GUVERN · H rr - I RELEASE IN PART 86 AM p'pe - Mr Peter Johnson DAl'F _ _ _ _ _- - - 1 July 6 1977 86 'U JJ Cl' Pxocedures for Release of Unclassified and LOU Material P esidcntia1 Review Memorandum NSC-29 directed that a new 8xccutive Order be prepared to replace Executive Order 1J 652 · Points to be considered by the drafting cOJ1unittec included to provipc for the maximum release of i nformab on to the American public on 90vcrnHlent activities and policies consis·ten·t with the need to protect sensitive national security informat·ioni JiO ' How to promote increased public access to this information through a more rapid and systeloatic declassification progrnm Overlaps be t' 'een the n0 H E · ecutiv8 Dram and the Freedom of Information Act as amended anCith8 Privacy Act and l'lhich info cmil tiol1 reqLlin s pro tee cion and long and 'Jh t criteria should be us· c1 £ IJ · III I' in making this judgment 11'1 viei of the above I · ouJ cl apprecia teO r c cej v in' gu id mn on p rocedures for releasing une Lassif iec1 and LOU mr rb l ifll 1 llnd·2rsl 03 nc1 ·that unclassified lilate L'iaJ C ll1 be 1 el o cd ' thG ap ropriate office I am lIot u re what the ttPPY lp d l c officE is and I 'Jould appreci Ite 9uic1elincs Mj to vho C J1l n le 'Jf ' 8 u'nclassified cables tiitillC I spec iEic J11l whttl LlI' pJ c o 'i' lre is Eor mo·terial orJ ' inating h J e fJ11 1 ve r '·1 3 ' 'i811 as material ·Jhich may illvol vt rnOl e tl'ltli1 0110 o f f' i c • 'file q'Jestion is relevant to Ollr h 1I1dliJl9 of l OfT rG qll l s 'I 'Ioll as in sit1 1 ttions 1ilCn ill officer rid sht 1' 1 1 1 n 18r Se an unclassific l cable to 0 non-govermn llt al jJcJ I'r' on his own initiative This office'recently refused to UNCLi S anED ' 4 Nfi r ''' J t ci Ql ·ll0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417061 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 0'7743 C9NFIBENTIAt Doc No C06431595 OU1GUIN 'Depdrt7n nt Of State PAGE Ill ORIGIN SP-fil2 INFO OCT-Iill STATE 066815 150- 110 ONY-fil0 Q fA pj 1 9 Ell T RELEASE IN PART 86 TELEGRAM 4585 003 R DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY BOM APPROVED BY S P MELY 5 P RJHARRINGTON DRAFT S P-OF NBOVER DRAFT E9 IFD OIA RJSMITH ARA ECP JO'MAHONY DESIRED D1STRIBUTION $ P ONLY ------------------252142Z o 2 5 2 II 5 0 Z MAR 7 7 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMSASSY BOGOTA IMMEDIATE C Date 11 13 2017 11228a 70 I A L STATE 066B 15 STADIS I DISS NT CHANNEL 11652 GDS E O TAGS · EINV CO SUBJECT 01 SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE MISSIONr------------------REF A OPI C ANDEAN INVESTMENT BOGOTA 2651 FORLI_ _ _-' 1 aUREAUS ACTIVELY CONCERNED WITH RESPONDING TO YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON THE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INveSTMENT MI SION AR AWARE OF THE PLANNED ARRrVA OF THE OPIC REPRESENTATIVES ON MARCH 28 ALTHOUGH YOUR PARA FIVE REFTeL IS WELL-TAKEN THE AOVANCE TEAM HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO DISPATCH OF THE TEAM PROCEED AND IS EXPECl'EO TO 00 '50 SHOULD NOT NEceSSARILY BE CONSTRUED TO MEAN THAT THAT SUGGESTION POSITED IN YOUR OlSSENT MESSAGE HAS BeEN OVERTAKEN BY EVENTS WE EXF ECT TO REPLY TO YOUR OISSENT VERY SHORTL Y VANCE GBNFIBENTIAb UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431595 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 'C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 -- -- J II l DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 861 Washlnaton D C 20520 March 10 1975 f C6NPIDElff'l'IhL - DISSENT CHANNEL 86 ' 1 I Dear I am replying to your tim ly and well reasoned dissent memorandum on the Ethiopian Government's request for additional military sales now -- i e before the announcemerit of our response to the Ethiopian re- quest -- in order tq assure you that the arguments you presented were taken into account during the intensive deliberations of the past two weeks The Secretary read your memorandum I In the course of the deliberations there was general agreement with your contention that the reasons which justified our past military assistance to Ethiopia no longer obtain There was also full appreciation of the precariousness bf the current regime in Addis and its intentions of building a radical socialist- state I agree with you also when you write that It would seem wise for the USG not o get involved in this internal Ethiopian situation but I doubt whether a limited ammunition resupply would be viewed as such a commitment I also doubt whether blocking additional arms sales • now probably affords the best hope of forcing it to seek a genuine negotiated settlement of the Eritrean question Given the Ethiopian military government's recent record I would expect any attempt to force it to negoti ate to have quite the opposite effect This does not mean' of course that we should forego use of our continued access to the EPMG and to such other governments as the Sudan's to try to persuade it and the ELF to accept mediation offers By totally rejecting their request we would in all likelihood also cut off our access to them and thereby deny ourselves the opportunity to engage in this kind of persuasive effort We would also appear to be in disagreement with the'overwhelming black African consensus favoring the territorial COMPI BB I9 IAL DISSENT CHANNEL - I -I_ _ _-'--'I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 eOf FIBBU'i'Ihb DISSENT CHANNEL -2 1 I integrity and retention of existing boundaries of new and old states on the continent Our quandary arises as you are well aware from the fact that we encour ged Ethiopia to become completely dependent upon US arms supplies two decades ago and our reliability in that kind of relationship would become doubtful in the eyes of others if we were to deny Ethiopia a resupply of ammunition at the very time when' it needs it in order to maintain the country's territorial integrity In · uch a situation we have to be 'careful not to lose sight of our broader strategic interests which include our reputation for reliability while we focus on the narrower immediate question of the con ending parties within Ethiopia and their outside supporters In any event and whatever the ultimate outcome your memorandum based upon your experience in Asmara and coming from your ev dent empathy with the local people helped those who read it to clarIfy their thinking Sincerely Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff t --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445680 Date 12 11 2017 - - - _ _-------------------- co 6 416 0 61 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MELY RJHARRINGTON BDM EXT 22972 6-2-77 S P ALAKE EBIOIA - MR SMITH S P-OF NBOYER SIP ONLY ROUTINE BOGOTA STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL FOR I l'fROM TONY LAKE DIRECTOR SIP LO 11652 TAGS EINV I 1 AL ME RJH J RS NIA CO ' SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE · OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION • REF A BOGOTA'lb39i B BOGOTA 2651 AS YOU ARE AWARE IT WAS NOT POSSIBLE TO REVERSE THE DECISION TO SEND THE OPIC· INVESTMENT MISSION TO BOGOTA AGREEMENT IN·PRINCIPLE AT A HIGH LEVEL BETWEEN TATE AND OPIC HAD ALREADY BEEN REACHED PRIOR TO YOUR INITIAL DISSENT MESSAGE BY THE TIME QF YOUR SECOND DISSENT MESSAGE INVITATIONS HAD ALREADY BEEN ISSUED TO PRIVATE MEMBERS 1· THERE WAS A DIVISION OF OPINION IN WASHINGTON OVER THE UTILITY OF THE MISSION SOME FELT THAT IT MIGHT HAVE BEEN Of SOME POSSIBLE VALUE AND THAT THE INCLUSION Of COLOMBIA SHOULD NOT BE OPPOSED ·IN VIEW OF VISITS TO ADJACENT COUNTRIES GIVEN THE DIVERGING VIEWS ON THE UTILITY' Of THE MISSION PLUS SOME STRONG fEELING FROM OPIC ITSELf IT A - 1 DECIDED TO PROCEED YOUR ARGUM NTS TO CO RARY WERE - ' f COGENT AND WE EXPRESSE ' ' 5 2· 't 1 d - ' ' r I _ m j ' _USE'7 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 64160 6rlED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416061 Date 10 11 2017 • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 2 3 IT IS CLEAR IN RETROSPECT THAT YOU WERE CORRECT IN fORECASTING A VERY MODEST AND FOR OPIC DISAPPOINTING COLOMBIAN RESPONSE TO THE nISSION THE POLICY ISSUE THAT UNDERLIES OPIC ACTIVITIES IN THE INVESTMENT GUARANTEE AREA IS NOW UNDER INTERAGENCY EXAMINATION WE HOPE THAT THE EXPERIENCE GAINED WILL CONTRIBUTE TO BETTER PLANNING OF SUCH MISSIONS IN THE FUTURE INCLUDING fULL CONSULTATION WITH THE FIELD I REGRET THE DELAY IN RESPONSE YOU ARE COMMENDED FOR YOUR· CONSTRUCTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY C06417014 IED u s Department o fState-Case No F-ib16-oi743-6ocNo C'06417014 PAGE 0'1 v A Date 10 11 2017 4427 STATE· 267351 ORIGIN SP-B2 tNfO OCT-Bl E5-01 ·Iso-orr RELEASE IN PART 86 10'04 R· ONY-BB DRAFTED BY S PMACASEY 80M APPROVED BY SIP ALAKE -- DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY --- ----------- --068876 08233lJZ 162 R G82U58Z NOV 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE'267351 DISSENT C ANNELIIIIIIII i i i ii i ii il 'E O 11652 N A SUBJECT ·DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE fOR 1 ---- -_--- JI FROM SIP-LAKE I THANK YOU FOR CANBERRA 7504 86 YOUR DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE COMMENTING ON WE HAVE SENT COPIES Of YOUR C'OMMENTS TO THE SECRETARY· THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN Of THE OPEN FORUM IN ADDITION TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN FFAIRS THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE AND THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR AFFAIRS INTERNATIONAL LABOR VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - - - ' ' - r· - ' - - - '- '- - - 7' ' - _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417014 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 - ' ------------------------------------ ---rRELEASE IN PART 1 IcIB 6_ _ 7AGE STAY 1 OFFICIA USE __ l1 TELEGRAM Department of State LIMITED _ 4278 21 802 612 OR GZN SP 03 INFO OCr 01 ES 02 I R ORAFT O BY S PROF aRFSMITH A P OVEO S PtPBSWIERS S P iS MONS av 016542 P 252129% P 74 PM SECSTATE WASHoe iO AMEMBASSy MOSCOW LIMI EO OFFICIA RIORITY USE TATE 211602 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 1165 21 GDS TAGS OGEN PFOR 8UBJECTI DISSENT MESSAGE MOSCOW £Ft FOR L - I_ _ A 342 SEPTEMBER 5 1974 86 __ iHIS WXLL AOKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT of w EEERENCED I AIRGRAM MRg THOMAS StMONS OF THE POLICY PLANNIN TAFF SIP HAS BEEN NAMED COOROINArOR IN CHARGE OF' SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE 10 THIS DISSENT MESSAGE g N ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPUL TEO DISTRIBUTION FOR OISSENT MESS GES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN' CIRCULATED o 1HE OfFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE ExECUTIVE SECRETARV VM OXRECTO OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAEF AND THE S£ R TARYvS OPEN FORUM PANEL ADDITIONAL COPIES ARE Sa NG SEN1 TO THE DEPUTY SECRET RY AND To THE ASSISTANT $Er R rARV FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS • -' TO YOUR OSSIB E WIL 1 REPL't AS PROMPTLY AS VLEWS t ' rl - t R L IMITED I - - OFFICU USE _ ofIII • -- 'e - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 ___ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 I Department of State E TELEGRANn Sv 'n s J G 7G t N Tw l C A 1EO l' ROVEO l 8 02 1 08 R BV S PiOFPiSVOG LGlSANG BV $ P P6SW 3 102 U 4 M S e A A H e AM MSAe y AOUNO UNt STAY 134 ge o Ue2 • t eM A ER 3ueJECYs RE' OY8 NT M S9AftE VAOUNDE t8'8 iv 1H a W L CKNO £DG R e i O H£ RE R NCEO D S NV CHANNEL VEL GRAH 0' JUN 1 v tg7 w S NceJ' HESS GE ADORE e AN ADMtNISTRATZV£ N RHACLY Coy R O BY H CHiN7SMS OTH R AN TH D 8 NY eWANNEL o WE HAV ASK D MR HwBo HO INSJ D R r iCR H C OF P RSONN L ANO M_N OWER IN 0 C HELP Eap ND TO E·QUEST10N POSED HAT R w O HERW S IN tO D N E Wt H TH $ U A O O 6rR%O 8aEN7 H SSAO a '£L R H S B EN I w tU ATEe O H O C S O 1H EeR 4 VD THE EXSTUV VE eR RV jHE D R e10R rHE O Y FLANNIN3 8 A' eUV ON 'OR eUR AND TM CHA H N 0' 1H ARY O N 'C UM PAN A WE WfLL 8E HAT YOU R C XV£ A V TO YOUR CONCERNS 'S SOON AS 'OSSIB Kf8S1NG - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc' No C06473003 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE IRELEASE IN FULLI DRAFT CABLE ACTION TO BANGKOK FOR EMBASSY USOM and RED Subject Reorganization of RED USOM Relationships Ref A State 0708d B Bangkok 8679 C Bangkok 11952 1 We have reviewed the reorganization proposed in ref A the policy implications discussed in ref B and the Embassy • 1 comments contained in ref C as well as the history of the regional programs and prospects for their fut ure 2 The Department and AID wish to reconfirm that it is us policy to support Asian regionalism and those Asian regional insti·t l ltions which foster regional cooperation understanding '- and interdependence In part because of the success of the concept and the insti tutions lhich RED helped to foster other bilateral and international donors have supported regional activities and the Asians themselves have corne to recognize the value of regional cooperation in selected development areas 'and are devoting substantial resources to it Hence while we believe that the US need not in th I I future playas energetic a leadership role in regional activities as it has in the past a separate and distinct office supporting our' relationships and contributions to Asian 'regionalism i1l continue to operate 3 We believe that the operational and administrative arrangements described in ref C are reasonable ones and need 'not adversely affect US support of regionalism in fact or in the eyes of th Asians However it must be clear to UMITED OffiCIAL USE - - - - _-- _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 2 the regional organi ions and the countries involved in them that the US continues to strongly support Asian region l activities and maintains in Bangkok a regional office through which the US will conti ue to support them Changes that are being made in that office are internal and administrative and should not have any effect on the programs nor imply any diminution of our support of useful regional arrangements 4 The questions raised in the di ssent cable ref B l are serious ones and were given careful scrutiny and review On bal'ance we support the views proposed in Bangkok 11952 and assume they will prove satisfactory Of course if the organizational arrangements in light of experiepce after an adequate trial perhaps a year prove to be less effective than anticipated this shift can be reviewed at that time Drafted by S p qWKontos Authorized by CWKontos Clearance_ - EA AHurnrnel AID Asia AWhite AIO Asia K Rabin info S P RSmith info LIMITED OFfICIAL USE -_ _ _- --- _ - __-----_ - __ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473694 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431977 Date 11 13 2017 -------- B-U- -Q-a-U -hl-U-U_ - -UIhl-M- -8 STATE ES-01 OUTGOING TELEGRAM 7884 UNCLASSIFIED l et Rr l1·t1llent of State I 50-' '' RELEASE IN PART '''''4 R 86 DRAFTED BY S P BOMI ETICH 80M APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P-RFEIN8ERG S P-OF OSKINNEY S I DGOOO EA RA RAHARRIS EA ANP TWAJDA PER G CKING5 EY DESIRED DISTR BUTION 5 P ONLY ------------------008504 R 2 0210Z DEC 77 PM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 24 824Z 23 UNCLAS STATE 307005 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A CHANNEL MESSAGES M E-L-S-O-u-R-N-e---F-O-R-r---- OM • S fk i' - CANBERRA - FOR EMBASSY FROM S P - LAKE REFS MELBOURNE 2530 CANBERRA 8769 MELBOURNE 2555 l MELBOURNE 2559 t t THIS IS TO ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT YOVR DISSENT MESSAGES ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE AUSTRALIAN El ECTIONS MR RICHARD FEINBERG OF THE PO ICY PLANNING STAFF HAS SEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL REGuLATIONS YOUR MESSAGES HAVE BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHA IRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL AS WELL AS TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY OF THE 8UREAU OF EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT FOR INTERNATIONAL LABOR AFFAIRS AND THE OtFICE OF REGIONA AFFAIRS IN THE EAST ASIAN BUREAU 1 WE WIl L REPLY AS PROMPTLY SUBMITTED VANCE s POSSIe E J - - t i I t 1 1 ' TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE -I • • - - - __ _-_ _- UNCLASSIFIED --- - ' - -- - ---- -- -- - - _-'- '- 0 0 ' -- • • --o - - - - - - --_ -' - - -•••_ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _Case No F-2016-Q7743 Doc No C06431977 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART - -- -86 -- -_ - __ Wullln lan D C 20 20 - COMf'I5EU'fIAI December DISSENT CHANNEL 2 1975 c IO LABli 1 -- _I Ro m 86 5328 1 I Dea L _ _ _ _--' 86 Thank you very much for you dissent 'channel letter of October 20 It· has taken us longer than usual to prepare a reply but I felt that given the weighty issues involved we needed to look into the ··matter very thoroughly before replying Since the issues that you raise fall in the area of responsibility of SlCCT we asked Hr Fearey to comment on them With his permission I am attaching a copy of his detailed and thoughtful reply which formed one but 9nly· one of the inputs to our inqu ry Mr Fearey's memorandurn speaks for itself but institutionally' I can reaffir m one point that he makes the ori9'inal impe tus for the R l ND study did not come as a response to your memoranda but as originally generated independentl'y in SIP This staff has a long history of interest and involvement n the terrorism question The basic issue that you raise relating to Departmental policy on negotiations and ransom is one that is very much open to legitimate debate and your use of the dissent channel to put fo th your views is entirely proper Your views are being forwarded to the Secretary--despite the unacceptable tone of your presentation I frankly do not have anything novel to add to the discussion beyond the positions outlined by you on the one hand and Hr Fearey on the other I cannot however let pass unchallenged the apparent premise of your letter--that the senior officials of the Department are risking the lives of others in pursuit of a machismo-image or as the result of blind adherence to slogans You have every right to criticize poli cy and suggest alternatives I thin you have e para'llel obligation to 'ac cept the fact that eOUFIBEU'fIAL -DISSENT CHANNEL • ---- - -'T t ' ----- - - - - ' '- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 -------- --- __ _--_ _-- -- ----_ _---- _-- - _- -- - '- -- ' CONE BE i'i'n LJ DISSENT CHANNEL -2others als are acting in good faith and have cogent and clearl l set forth g ounds for ' heir position here 'are profoundly agonizing choices involved and nobody has a monopoly on wisdom or morality I believe your advocacy would be better served by sticking to policy issues rather than maligning the motives of officials who have to make anguishing choices I want to address myself specifica ly to your claim that the RAND study was thrown away and or improperly influenced We have gone to considerabl pains to examine this allegation discussing it at length with S CCT INR XR and most importantly with Brian Jenkins the principal RAND' researcher We have come·to the conclusion that there was a consideraole amount of delay in completing the report but 'not an undue amount in view of the complexity of the SUbject Department officials did by mutual agreemen proviae RAND with informal co ents as preparation of' the report proceeded expressing their v i e ·ls on matters of 'both substance and form as' is· the·ir right and obligation to do But this 'never assumed a dimension hat threatened the integrity of the product Department officials reiterated to the RAND authors uring' these discussions that they wished· RAND to present its own considered views and recommendations as called for by the contract This was done illu'strated by RAlII-o's submission of its ransom option recommendations notwithstanding S CCT'S contrary arguments • And it was Rr ND's decision that its proposals not be forwarded separately to the Secretary ' ' With regard to some spe'C if'i'cs - tIe under'stand that the RAND policy recommendations will be published at the front of the final report and in a way fully acceptable to the RA -o researchers Completion of the case studies was delayed by priority work on the basic abdur tions report Funds have been secured from LEAA and m lde available to RAND to publish about a dozen of them including the Khartoum study These steps were decided upon last summer Until we have the finpl RAND study in hand-it is difficult to make any 'judgments about how widely it COMrI EfiCl'H L DISSENT CHANNEL t z c u ' A •• ' 'S I' I- - I ' - - - •• - ••• _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ U NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State' Case No F-2016-0774'3 ' Doc No C06446083 --- '-' '--' Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 •• w- • ' '-- - '- ----- - •• - --- - ' I_ t - - -- --_ •• • COM ' IBEU' I 'IJ l DISSENT CHANNEL ' to -3- Sincerely yours Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff Attachment Mr Fearey's Comm nts on Dissent Me$sage on Terrorism from 'I ' 86 ' COM' 'IBEU'%'IA'b DISSENT CHANNEL ' ' I' '''''' '' ''''' _ IJ '''' ''''IV'''' '-' •• _ -'' '' c ' ' ' _u_' - Q ' Po ' 11 - _ _ 7• --v ' - 110 ' _ ''-' '' - _ ' ' ' ' _ _- • - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446083 Date 12 11 2017 co 641 70 65 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 a eUO 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL DISSE lT CHANNEL -------- - RELEASE IN PART 86 February 23 1977 r 1r l n thony Lake Director Policy Sip Room 7813 Washington D C 20520 FILE COpy ft- oYtWC Dear Mr Lake I refer to Mr Veliotes' letter of February 18 1977 in vlhich he informed me that my paper on the Polisario Front guerrilla movement could not issue through the Dissent Channel as the paper is not a policy dissent but an intelligence analysis I am disturbed over this apparent bureaucratization of the Dissent Channel The suppression of information from the top levels of the Department hether caused by disagreement with content bureaucratic ineptness or just plain carelessness is as harmful as the suppression of substantive d fferences on policy In this regard it is interesting o note the reaction to my earlier two part dissent message on the Spanish Sahara Department officialS disagreec with my shorter message focused on policy yet found the longer tessage I which 1as essentially an intelligence analysis of Mauritani helpful My rejected intelligence analysis of the Polisario Front contains the same sort of useful information and analysis as did my earlier paper on Mauritania I have shared it with people on the larking level but believe that the Assistant Secretaries of AF and NEA and perhaps the Secretary would be interested in reading the paper I do not feel that I am burdening the system with this paper as the Middle East div ­ sian o f INR sent its last intelligence analysis on the Sahara as a memo to the Secretary before it was· published verbatim as an intelligence report My submission of this paper is at least partly to protest the fact that the African division of INR has not been sufficiently involved in analysis of the Spanish Sahara In spite of the fact that Mr Bartholomew's letter states that my paper on Maurftania usefully broadened the context of thinking on the Spanish Sahara INR RAF has no intention of publishing the paper to its normal audience I would simply carry a copy of the paper to the offices of the Assistant Secretaries and the Secretary with the request that it be reaa informally However such personages CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CHAliNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 0 6 S IED I u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CHANNEL - 2 - I are surrounded by a coterie of staff assistants and aides whose function seems to be to cut off their bosses from any direct contact with sources of information I understand that former Secretary Kissinger developed INR's Current Intelligence Staff because he felt cut off from first hand sources of information That staff consists of junior officers who select raw intelligence to go to the Seventh Floor principals with no prior review by senior officers It vas this system which enabled me to forward the only accurate piece of intelligence on the June 1975 Italian regional elections which the Seventh Floor received If I had depended on normal channels the information would never have been briefed because of faulty analysis fear of appearing too alarmist and dedication to support of previous positions amo g the line bureaucracy The Dissent Channel can be a mechanism for unclogging the Department's constipated paper flow if it is opened up to pieces of raw traffic or analysis which are stuck in the system It is easy to imagine abuses of such a system such as the slIDmission of 'o Jeighty tomes on mini-subjects or simply a stream of raw traffic which officers wish to push ahead of the line but such abuses could be resolved lhen and if they occurred One solution to potential problems '70uld be to drop the requirement that a substantive reply be drafted to messages not demanding it For instance in the present case I would send my paper forth with a note explaining that I was submitting it through the Dissent Channel because INR had been sitting on it for a year and because it contained information relevant to current policy cons1derations ·referring to Nouakchott 362 of February 23 1977 With no obligation to read past the title line the·Secretary and Assistant Secretaries would suffer no burden and would yet be alerted to the fact that a disagreement was fulminating in the bowels of the bureaucracy about which they would not normally learn Under the rules of the system the submitting officer would be protected from his immediate superiors by anonymity while the Assistant Secretaries would be protected from a flood of unwanted paper because of a dissenting officer's knowledge that the item would go forward ith a signed statement as to the justification for making an end run around the system Sincerely yours 86 CONFIDENTIAL DISSENT CH EL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417065 Date 10 11 2017 ·lJNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 143 R 21153f Z Fr fM A M A SY TO sEesfAtE JGOTA W SHDC 99 ' LZ ITED O P CiA USE SG OTA 1 3 DISSENT CHANNEL I • t t PROPO ED OPIC A DEAN REF 'CA TATg sa3 8l BCGr Th 4P ' C 5T i T 1 7' i TH S M BSAGE T l S ITS A D sse T CHANNEL V P INT OF 1 I COUNS L nr 5MSfoSSY FOR CO O IC AND C MM C A AFFAIRS TH D wT R OES NCT ISH T ieSTRICT 86 O STR%3UTID OF THIS SSAG I ' • 2 0 • 0UiU lG THf R fH C N'i V $ T yo CI' L eN 3 I THE A VAN CE TEAM FO A L A ePIC INVfSTI· T H SS O AND AN fkSASSY OFFICER T6L ED TD A NUMfl5P F GOV RNM NT OFFI I Li A D L 0 c AI US ND COL 0 I SX H UeH E 5 1 1 II Ff at TH IN u M AT I 0 GAT I f En I T yl AS eo r- F Fp·' 'i' H 6 T 'G CeRE GUI 'i T a SST I L RECLunE TH POSSISILITY OF O I IS INSU ANC I CT LENDING PROGRAMS OPERATtN iN CCLOMSIA AT T E E NT TlME T E OPIC BEP S NTAT VES I TED THAT NEVERT f ESS THEY BELIEYEO ' T WOULD BE WORTHW L TO INCLUDE cc CUe A ON r E rTIER RV np THE P OPPSE jNDEAN INVE TMENT ISSION SEE REF B FO OETAI B · - 1 • • -A ' ' _ to _ - • ' 1 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas ·No F 2016-0774 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 •• - - - ' -' • ' -_ - - - - ••• • ••-- -- ' ' -- ---- - • ' ' a -- c -' LIMITED OPFICr A U8 aOGOTA miS3S j2 6 12 3 CONVERiATZnN ITH ooe O FiC A S cnNCERN N iH LOCAL C IMATE FDR FO I N INVESTH N S'A5LISREO THAT OFFIC AL GCV R N Nt POLICY R MAINS BtSiCALLY AS THE piS QNEITH R REJ CTI 3 NOR ACTIV LV RE KJN FaR IG NVESTME T I GENERAL K1NUFACTU NG E T R 5ES THe Gee CC T FO E±G VEdTM Nt T A1 crMPL M TS It5 OYN ECONOMIC OEUECOPMENT PLANS UT ' Aa KFMAINS Cn TTeO T MINZ I ING_T E I O AN E OP FCRE G CAPITAL TN TH ECOND VG A a CENT t i CHAN GE NFl A Il c 1·' I JI ST $ 6 v V1 i i- e S P Ei FIr I i L I v F $ A SU 3 Tb NT p L L Y G et i' R X1 1 i R STIN F R ' I GN INVESTM N EXISTS A OYG Goe D CIB1D MAKE S I 'ELlaV S QM THf i T 4T THIS IS DT THE ASE UO VE AhlD THAT BA %C GOC POLICY REMAINS THE 5AP AS iN T E PAST - ' • f •• 5 GIVEN i ir rACT Tf Ai OP·U f5 P' GF MiS ARE NOT' pr RAaLE W TW iHF socis PASSIVE IN COLOMBIA CD SINED T M RQV NG TR O TilfUDE TCHI ARr e A T t ACT I r 0 REI II iJ E r II Nj I- s r I J T ti peL i CV j u rI i 0 H F 0 II S Mi VERN t·1 NTo AP0 N8 CI E I'N V r j ' ' l t NT' f·rr s v j TO ···rp r'A '-r lTIN t V ' 'i'f'i ' AS' i A F RO vEO ay v t ' tcus r t'H Hi ii'iO N' AG - gC l - 'S -C'ErriA HJ 'V· rv E5 NO FR I OR I TV TI I PRO j T G US INV STMEN' ' tEoe ·bi 20VER 'r I OIFFICULT' Tn MHW IN F4VOF rJF TM eSIi N ON E T ER 6AS S OF DR BELLING THE CON E T OF· PR I V ' 'f Hi v· stW ' l THE US r u RENTL v HA S AS OUT' lA PERcaNT Of THE cc o aIAN IM OpT MA ET P IVATE I YES m MENi t Ae F IL OSr PHV IS CttEPL Y IhGRAIN D AND QESPECTEO IN CQLCMa A LIMITEri ' ir FFICIA USE 11 l ··-· i 1 • i'I - ' ' 'rY ' l- ' ' •• ' - _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 iE-4'UNCLASSIFIED U S Department 'of'State' C ls'e 'No F-2016-oj743 -Doc No C06431597 • • PAGE aOGOTA 01639 let5 Z B Date 11 13 2017 8 a hL x V iftA T _iHS GQ i'r T E F I·ill TE Sr CTO IN CnI Cii·1aIA APE BUF I IENT V SOPH STZe' En TO MAK H CETE MiNATiD OF p r 1 C ' q i R 4 CT0 I COl T j N T E POT NTIAL UA NV STOR CtHVSUTIL HIMAELF OF H AMPLE· r H l' r a t Ei GN I NV STl r we to t CI P n TU111 F ' S F CHl L DV Cf AN 5 I ST H C 4 VAI l A8 i ' E THR 1 U H EMXSTING PAOGRAKB OF THE nEPA TM NT3 O CD M RC iNC eTATE HI 8 U H R't' 1 c u S Tt N T e A CP 1 I 4 'ff £ Ss 0 A US GO ve NM r ' Or'lSO H ti t-iI135 Hi' j to COL Hi XA j Xr H Tu SOl z PUHPas F PRDMOt G US INv st NT CONCERNED AB I TDM ftGENrX S NILL AOVI8ft9IL TY OF TWIS HE HOpa T AT CA EFULLY RE Z T E IaSI 'l IG T OF OUR PRioqITI S N COLOMSiA AND THE CONaI E A'IONS MENTIONED AaSv • SANCHez ' ' S I I' i _ - l l · ·_ ' ' olI • •• 'O -I 0 v 4 '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N_o C06431597 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431979 Date 11 13 2017 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- ---------------- ---- CONFIDENTIAL Depart71zent oj'State 'PAGE 01 ACTION INF O OCT-ell MELBOU 02$30 ES 01 INCOMING TELEGRAM 6909 150009Z 150-00 004 W ------------------045584 150822Z 13 R 140335Z OEC 77 FM AMCONSUL MEL OURNE TO SeCSTATE WASHOC 4187 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA C O·N F'I DEN T I A L MEL80URNE 2530 DISSENT CHANNEL 0 11552 NA SU8J ECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ELECTION E I •• SIGNIFICANCE OF AUSTRALIAN HIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS COMMENTS OF LAE30RI'POl liICAL OFFICER ION EMBASSY CANBERRA'S 8699 ENTITLEb -AUSTRALIAN ELECTION AFTERMATH ' EMBASSY FAILED TO GIVE I 10PPOR UNITY oo TO COMMENT ON IT HAD HE WOULD HAVE MADE OBSERVATIONS WHICH FOLLO REOUESTS THAT S P DISTRE9UTE COPIES OF THIS MESSAGE NOT ONLY TO THOSE LISTED ON PAGE 4 OF DEPARTMENT'S A-301 aUi TO MR DALE GOOD 5 IL AND MR DONALD HARRIS EA RA 1 eg Ii SUMMARY PARAGRAPH OF 8699 CONCLUDES WITH FOLLOWING HIGHLy MISLEAD ING STATEMENTS -THE ALP DECIMATED mIC ONCE AGAr MUST RETHINK rTS ESSENT AL PHILOSOPHY THERE IS I O' NO SE RIOUS lOUST THAT A GREAT MAJORITY OF AUSTRALIANS WERE STILL UNPREPARED TO EXpE IMENT ONCE AGAIN WITH GOUGH WHITLA S DISRuPTIVE SRAND OF TRADE UNIDNDOMINATED SOCIAL S u 2 THESE STATEMENTS COMPLETELY IGNORE AND SIGNIFICANT FACTS 3 OLLDW NG VERY REVEALING -- A ALI CST 5 P RCENT 1' 5 PERCENTI OF AUSTf1ALIAN VOTERS CAST FIRST C f LL THEB-ALP ES 10 ' PERCENT OR AU TRAL I AN DEMOCRAT CANDIDATES g lftENT B ONLY 4S PERCENT OF VOTERS CAST FIRST PREFERENCE BALL OTS LIBERALS 38 3 PERCENT NCP 9 7 FOR COALITION CANDIDAT S PERCE NTJ C FAR FROM EEING -DECIMATED ONCE AGAIN ALP NOT ONLY REMAINED AUSTRAl lA'S LI REST SINGLE PARTY JuST 1 5 IT VIAS IN 1975 WHI N IT RECEI VEO 42 a PERCENT OF FIRST PREFERENCE SALLOTS TO LISi RALS' 42 PERCENT aUT WIDENED GAP BETWEEN ITSELF AND LIBERALS FROM • S PERCENT IN 1975 TO I B PERCENT IN 1977 IN ADDITION AUSTRALIAN DEMOCRATS WHILE WINNING NO HOUSE CONTESTS ALMOST EDUALED NCP VOTE NATIONWIDE COMMENT WHILE IT MAY ae CI EAR THAT ELECTORATE WAS NOT PREPARED TO eXPERIMENT ONCE AGAIN WITH GOUGH WHITLA S DISRUPTIVE SRANe OF' TRADE UNION - DOMINATED SOCIALISM- IT IS' ALSO TRUE THAT LESS THAN HALF OF ELECTORATE INDICATED DESIRE TO EXPERIMENT ONCE AGAIN- WITH WHAT MIGHT 8E CALLED MALCOLM FRASER'S socrAl CONFRONTATIONIST 8RAND OF eUSINESS-ORIENTED UNTRA CONSERVATIS · WHETHER OR NOT ELECTION RESULTS SUPPORT CONTENTION THAT ALP MWST NOW RETHINK ITS ESSe NTfAl PHILOSOPHY AS CONTRASTED WITH VARIOUS OlHER LESS FUNOAMENiAL STEPS IS HIGHLYL IBATABLE WIOUNO 4 CONFIDENTIAL ------- - - - - - - --- -- - - -------------------- - ----- - - ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431979 Date 11 13 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' I SECRET • 1 3-11-75 EXT 22576 S P WLO RD Af EMULCAHV 0 ' '- I '0 I' • ' ' ' ' ' -' ASMARA ' • ' ' ' 0 11b52 GDS ' ' ' ' ' ' ' - ' ' TAGS PFOR MARR ET A ADDIS 23 5 • - ' 0 ' 0 _ 0' SUBJECT ETHIOPIAN MILITARV REPLENISHMENT REQUEST REF - _ 'I ' - - ' ' '·l· DISSENT CHANNEL ' • 0 - - eO ' • ' f -' '0 ADDIS ABABA ROUTINE -- c ' '0' • SIP D rSTRIBUTION ONLY • ' ' • ' ' -- '--'--- -' rSjp-OFP RFSMITH ' II - _- - I • I ' ' - OJ' iRE LEASE IN PART 861 - -- - -' ••• - ' -0'' ' _ •• '''' • ' ' ' ' ' ' 'SIP HJSPIRO BDM B AS MARA 281 RFS FORIL-_ _ _-'I L-I_ _ _---' AND L-I- - - - - - - ' 86 1 THE DEPARTMENT FOUND YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE TIMfLV AND WELL REASONED THE ARGUMENTS ADVANCED AGAINST GRANTING ETHIOPIAN REPLENISHMENT REQUEST AT THIS TIME WERE SERIOUSLY CONSIDERED ALONG WITH OTHERS AT HIGHEST LEVELS OF DEPARTMENT IN THE COURSE OF THE DELIBERATIONS ON THIS' IMPORTANT AND DIFFICULT ISSUE J 2 ' DEPT AGREES THAT PREVIOUS RATIONALE FOR US MILAID TO ETHIOPIA NO LONGER APPLIES REF A PARA F AND ALSO THAT QUOTE THE FACT THAT WE HAVE SUPPLIED ARMS TO ETHIOPIA IN THE PAST SHOULD NOT OBLIGATE US BEGIN SUPPLIED ITALICS INDEFINITELY AND IRREVOCABLV IN THE FUTURE END SUPPLIED ITALICS END QUOTE FOR THESE R ASONS THE PROBLEM OF AMMO RESUPPLY WAS CONSIDERED IN A WIDER CONTEXT IN WHICH FOCUS WAS NOT SOLELY ON ETHIOPIA FOR ITS OWN SAKE BUT FOR ITS STRATEGIC LOCUS AND IN WHICH OAU COMMITMENT TO TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY OF'AFRICAN STATES AND US' REPUTATION FOR RELIABILITV l- WERE MAJOR FACTORS • • L I '0 SECRE J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 - SECRET _ _-- _-_ _- - -- _ -'1-' - 2 - ' j oJ' 1 ' ' ' - -- ·1 3 LIKE AUTHORS Of REf A AND CONGEN ASMARA IN HIS ENDORSE- MENT REf B DEPT BELIEVES THAT BOTH REPEAT BOTH SIDES J SHOULD BE URGED TO NEGOTIATE WITHOUT PRECONDITIONS ELf l 'INSISTENCE ON EPMG' S AGREEMENT TO INDEPENDENCE Of ERITREA AS PRECONDITION TO NEGOTIATIONS IS JUST AS UNACCEPTABLE AS l 'EPMG'S INSISTENCE ON COMPLETE RETURN TO fULL STATUS QUO ANTE RECENT HOSTILITIES WE WILL NOW B URGING BOTH SIDES TO NEGOTIATE EPMG WILL BE TOLD DIRECTLY AND ELf WILL GET MESSAGE THROUGH fRIENDLY ARAB GOVERNMENTS ACCEPTANCE BY' '--' -- - BOTH PARTIES Of SUDANESE ·MEDIATION OfFER SEEMS' BEST ' CURRENT ·OPPORTUNITY IN TI iIS RESPECT ' 0 • ' q ON HE OTHER HAND WE ST ONGLY DOUBT THAT QUOTE If WE DID NOT RESUPPLY THE EPMG THE PMAC MIGHT BE fORCED INTO A GREATER WILLINGNESS TO NEGOTIATE 'AND COMPROMISE END QUOTE REf A PARA 3 PMAC' S RASH AND IRRATIONAL PATTERN Of ' BEHAVIOR RATHER SUGGESTS MORE NEGATIVE REACTIONS TO TOTAL REfUSAL OR ADDITIONAL DELAY IN AMMO RESUPPLY • ' ' ' ' 5 DEP S'fULLY AWARE' Of ATTITUDES Of ARAB STATES' REF A ' PARA 1 A AN HAS BEEN SOUNDING OUT MORE RESPONSIBLE ONES ' FOR THEIR READINESS TO CONTRIBUTE TO BRINGING ABOUT ·NEGOTIATIONS IN THIS CONTEXT WE NOTE SIGNIFICANCE OF i· ' FACT THAT EGYPTIAN GOVERNMENT HAS NOT REPEAT NOT COME OUT IN FAVOR Of ERITREAN INDEPENDENCE FRIENDLY ARAB ESPECIALLY THOSE BUYING ARMS FROM US UNDERSTAND' OUR R AS6N FOR BEING RESPONSIVE IN LIMITED WAY TO ETHIOpiAN - AMMO RESUPPLY·REQUEST THIS IS UNDOUBTEDLY ONE REASON THOUGH NOT ONLY ONE FOR THEIR AMBIVALENCE ON THIS ISSUE BUT THE US WOULD LOOK AND IN FACT BE FECKLESS IF WE DENIED A COUNTRY REPEAT COUNTRY WHI H WE HAD ENCOURAGED OVER A ' PERIOD OF MORE THAN TWO DECADES TO BECOME COMPLETELY DEPENDENT UPON US FOR ARMS AN' AMMUNITION RESUPPLY AT THE VERY MOMENT WHEN·THE COUNTRY REQUIRES HELP IN ORDER TO ' MAINTAIN'ITS TERRITORIAL INTEGRITY THIS CONSIDERATION IS PARTICULARLY PERTINENT IN THE CASE Of ETHIOPIA AS OUR MAY 1953 MAP AGREEMENT PECIFICALLY COMPREHENDS USE OF MAP ' MATERIEL FOR INTERNAL SECURITY PURPOSES ' _ --- - - b US OBJE TIVE IS NOT SO MUCH QUOTE AINTAINING INfLUENCE END QUOTE WITH CURRENT GOVERNMENT ON WHOSE LIMITED FUTURE WE AGREE WITH DISSENTING OfFICERS AS IT IS TO MAINTAIN _ ACCESS TO CONTROLLING AUTHORITIES IN THE REGION IN ACCORDANCE WITH OUR EVOLVING'NEEDS fOR ACCESS AND' TO MAINTAIN · OUR GENERAL REPUTATION FOR BEING STEADFAST OF PURPOSE AND FOR HAVING AN INFORMED UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND ' SPIRATIONS OF THE REGION AND ITS PEOPLES YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE WAS PARTICULARLY HELpFUL IN POSING THIS' LAST ISSUE SHARPLY F OR POLICY-MAKERS IT-IS-F IR' TO SAY THAT YOUR VIEWS HAVE BEEN HAVING AN IMPACT ON THE StiAPING OF US·' P·OLICY YY L - - ---- --- - - - __- - ' ' ' s q t ' ' ' ' ' ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ----0 - -- '--' -- -- ' _ -_' _ _ ___ - - ' • -•• A - - - - - f I - l- • i I j _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445681 Date 12 11 2017 j I I __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - - ' ' - ___ _ AS N_ I _____ -- October 20 1975 To sIp 86 -Wi n t o 1 L o r d _ _----- ____ From lolLh8 I - Subject Dis ent F per on I dissen't 1ro l he following 'i The Dept proclli ns i h3 t i t w 11 not' 'negoti i te with terrorints see i'tt l c hed J 'he Dept gives 'as its re 3 S0il th l't this policy deters fut r kidn ppings Dissent 9 r- l nents this olicy 'is n thing more thl a slogan t lH e 'don' i 6'i ve l' l the ship II The Hand study showed that a a coantr r's policy on terrorism r g 1 rdlpss of ' hat the 'Po1i cy is is j he 1e'1s't signi fic l l't i3 c'tor in terrori ts I planning at tion I nd re'tction The H nd st dy also showed'there is no b sis for all ging that the no negoti l tion olicy 1ctu l lly deters kidnippinBs ' I h lve s iid a grelt deal more on this s lb jcr t in lc'tters meoms etc t w11ic11 - he Dep t 1'1S t but h' s ignored other th'in to co n uissio 1 the It lnd st ld Y' and then 'thro ' '3 V 'the rr s' l l ts lbec l llSe they do not fit in with the De t ' s pre-conceived notions I 2 The De'Ot 'Pilnishes A nb 1 s 3 o ors v ·ho s l ccesst'ul1 Y negoti - te to save lives • See 'the 2 x rx xi jC B everl C'3 ri Cr episode • '0 I Dissent lrgu ents since I believe that negoti tin to save lives is noli o lly desir' l ble in itself O 1t usu i ll r shows a high deg ee of diploi itic skill plus nh ysic al 'nd loral COiArlge I reco I end 'th it 3 l Y offici who does this s o lld oe -praised X x pil 0 iC' l 11 r Do toa re lize 'tne effect the Cirter episode v ill h-ive 0 1 JS Govt offici'ils l'he iless ge is cle ir s 3 ve lives 1nci I ' lin rO l'r ' n Clore er '3 The Dept ref ses eve to finish the R nd s't y nroject ' The CAse stlldies I including the O l e en Kh rtoum hieh w3 s the 'major point of i ' y origins 1 request foj - ln inde ende 1t etad V h lve never been delivered to 'the Der t evea tho 19h the re finisiled bec l oe i he Dept refu ses to '9 ' for them I q ' I ure the Les-t is ··lfr3 id the c J se $'t dies shQw o' e offici' 11s i 1cl' l in g high-r t i king o les m ki lg errors hich c1 tI ed loss of life Does no lo e hj ve ene' g 'ts to -eli these stJ dies inc' le r 1 fr o them ' hy lre ' e l mishing so' e O 1e like Je i C ir'ter ' hc sacce jed · i 1d eoveri'16 up for 'the o SB ldors ' ho f liled ' - ' ••• ·0 _ • e'iA4 _ f' t t ' • -·e ' 1 '0 ' ' ' ' - - - ' - - '- - - - • _ ' _ ' •• I · _ ___ __ - • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - ' ' October 20 1975 l • r' • To sIp -Winston Lord From lO LAB ------ ------ I 86 Subject Dis ent F per on Dept's PQlicies on Terrorism or I diseen1 rro' 1 the following '1 The De'Ot l rOCl1i ts 1 hl t i t w 11 not· 'negoti ate 'Il th terrorints see i tt iGhed J 'he De-pt gives 'as its re 3 son tlv3 1i this polic y deters fut lre ki dn lppings ' ' Dissent tl't g'ilents this 'Policy 'is n 'thing ' nore thl l a slogan like 'don' t sive J 'P the ship II 'i'he H lnd study showed that a a coailtry's policy on terrorism treg rdlf'ss of ' · h t the policy is is 11e 1e' 3 2 t si ni fiC E l t fac tor in terrori ts I pl anning a tion ind re·tction The Ihnd st d y llso showed there is no Q l sis i'OT ' all ging that the n9 negpti ltion olicy actu' llly ceters kidn ip inc s • ' I h lve S 1id a relt de3-1 more on this s bjcnt in lc'tters memas etc ' hie11 he tept h'ls 'out h'lS ignored other th'3 n to eO l nissio l the it lnd st td y and then 'throw ' 3 f 'the rr s J l ts Jbec iuse they do not fit in wi h the Dept's pre-conceived notions I 2 • The De-ot panishes A ab t S 3 iiorS v ho s'J ccesst'ull Y legoti te to save lives See tile l J I xerix Beverly C·3 riiCr epi sode Disseat lrgu ents si ee I believe th t negoti 'tin to save Ii ves is no 0 11y desir ble in itself J O lt ustB ll 1 shows a high de ee of dir-lo l- ttie skill plus l' h ysic- 'l nd or 3 1 eour lge I I reco 'lend th it 30 1 1 offici l who does· this S o' dd be praised X j paoo i c' '111 1 Do 0iJ re lize the effect the Cir't·p r 6pi ode will hive 0 1 15 Govt offici'lls l'he ess ge is cle ir s ave Ii ves na T' lin ro rr ' 'll e treer • 3 The Dept ref 6es eve t finish the R nd 'tjay roject The c I se stlldies i ncluding the one' on Kh rtoUIYl 'hieh w3 S the major point of ' origin 11 request foi In indc ende lt et d v hive never been delivered to 11e lJer t eve l 'thOlgh the re 'finished beCi oe ine Dept·refuses to p y for them I oure he je t is ·lfr3 id the C 1se s't ldies sho w f o' e' offici· 11s i cl· - in g high-r 1 1ki lg ones m ki lg errors hich c 1 lI ed loss of life Does no 'O' le h ve the g ts Co -e't 'these st Jdie s inc lear fro them ' ' hy lre ' e l '1nishing s o' le O le like Je i C 1 r'ter ' ho s cce ied ' 'l d coveri' u p for 'the cro SH loors who f liled _ 0 ' _ 0 -- ••• - ' 0• • • 0 - - - - 1 • _ - _ • - _ _ _ ____ _ e - •• •• ••• • • • o • Jill ' ' 0 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No 806446086 Date 12 11 2017 • ·0 _ 0 __ _ •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 i' fiport-iiit- $-irt i Yf 'tl1c' if r la -study -·e '· tne- _ sec·tio J cO l't 1i ling reC il' ISnO 1'tio 1s for fi no i 1 s lnd ' ' for Cil· i lges i 1 Tlolicy Wl S re jected olnd ordered to De rC- ' Ti I Len in oj iorm p l l 't 10le 'to tne L cpt I by W itering down tIle conclusl ons 1110 til icing the a i t s p rate annex So the ead resul t nols not 'yet r iY'Pe lred and when it does it will l ick cllrity nd impact g'in he Dept prefers 'to risk h l n·i l li ve r'lther tbgn face the fact th t its olicies re i perfect ' ' ' E -'ii i6st ••w I' f r I --- - - The Dep does not even make the xisti lg sections 'of ihe E udy v il ble o officers h ndling hcstlge siut l tions •• i e l I w lin i f C u ring -te 1 ' I z n - ' 1ire ca se the off ce d redtor waspot told of tne stud es '3 nd only saw them when I 'h lnded m own c01'ies to hi for his cr sal do'te o e of the'firs't concl sions of the R lnd - 1i tdy 'i l S th lt e lch - le · 'nos't·ige sit ll 'tion W'lS h andled ' as i f no previoas experie ce was available 'l'he 2aire c3 s'e illusT rlted th t perfectly Dissent we need the Rgnd S 'll dy let I s get it and use it 4 The De-pt publ icl lly- diso' ms Am b·'lss3 dor s who use offici l reso rces o ssist in negoti i lg he rcleisp of cuptives See thc C-arter s'tor tet C r ter did not '1 ke n' 'DOrE' p ' of' esoarces thln other mb ssadors hlve i othcr cases r nso money hiS oee shf-ped by pouch s'tored in offici 1 s3-fcs J ld perso 'ls ·cent -tcting id l 'l 9- rc n J ve o e 1 escorted ·by JS E 1iHSSY offici3 ls If'the e-pt s'ticks ' lith dis ' ti 'l Amb I ss Ldors who do 'this then in f· lture c ses A ao iss·3 dors will hes1tlte o se such reso ices Dissent all reSO lrces ShOlld be used to s ve lives 5 f The Dept inpists on 3 ntlo lncing on ever' 'pessi 'Ole o 'c i O l -lnd on i 'ls't '· 1c ing POS1 S to do the s3 ne tIn we do ot give in to ol3 ck n 3 il ply rlnSO ll or re se prisoners Thl se phr' 1ses especi'al1y II g ive i 1 to ' ljck nlil' lore neg'l'tive in their i m l ct oli hosttJ ge sj tultion t 'and CC f lSe not only the public tSE'e ne Eg'l11 case but 3 1so i-npp de negoti l ions even when the litter ·3 re goi lg on pri v ltely If we · ' nt to negoti 'te ol l m 1 ag -ce nent we l- lke wi th 'the kidn L lPCrS even if only p lblishing l le t'tp r iro J '1 host ge is going to be interp 'e ec llS givi g in to bl lck l 'i1 1Jhen -ie h we two contr 3 dic1 ory policEs rU l- li g he ld on into e lch Jther As lOr19 'lS tho'S i s't· 'J tion e x st 'P sts r hC s l ge si t' 1' ltions are gOl -ng to m3 xe the s_ ue l st Ke ' p l n · 1a e'3 n by im Jedi ne1y I l 1o mcing II ' e don't give i 1 to bl·l ckl'i' 1il ll just whe n the si t· l 'tiO l is 110St te 1se - lnd when the g 'e ltest flexibili'ty is needed • • • • •f •' _ _ • ____• _ _ _ - °0 '0 a $ 0 • II - 0-' - - - - ' _- • • - • • ' - • • • __ • • °0 ' °0 _ • • _ _ _ _ _ • - ' e • • '0' -- _ _ _____ _ • '- V_ 0 •••• ' - • ' ' ' ' ' ' I • • • 0° ' -'0 ' 00 - _ ' eo • - II •• ___ - - • _ _ _ •• • _ • _ _ _ • ___ ••••• _ _ _ _ _ - _ - ' U'NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 •••- - - - ·· ' ' Dissent issue ins·t r lctions to ver o 1 from the President in· the hi te Ho se' se Klt'lrtO l Jl c s e thru the ·3 cr ·tary ot' StJ te see the ' nz i 1i cJ se on down to the lowliest · clerk not forge'c ti -g the Att rne r Gener l ot' t p Oni ted ' Stttes who tilked too r lch Q ll'i 1g 9 ho rtlfe sitU ition '· hen the poSli ' 3 5 vep v wisel Y l'3 i11t ii1L'l l o·c t l silence when YO'J hive '1 hos t ige sit tion clcse lO·J r lo lth dodt say 1l1ything l bout O' l policy other tr 1 n th· t '·'e desire to keep co nu 1ic Ltio s open P IOD I I ' - give first Orior i ty to ' orJ i nr -1 th lna throlJ gh · the hos i over 1' lent i 1d-'only lS a l tst resort' w'orks d irectly ' i th the terrorists I'his is an '1I' ifici ll 'Or ior ty which · may luke sense in iny ordi' 1 lry cUplo n tic si tU-'1tiO but is irreleve nt to a nost ge sit' utiqn v h re thr' firstl-riorit r is to S 3 ve lives 6 Tn-e e'Ot 'Dissent instruct posts to t3l ke wh 1tever st ps 3 re needed directl- ' Q thr l the host gOver l l nt depe71oing' on wh· t t will be rnos effective to s ve lives 7 The Dept has many str tnds of policies ent· np ling' host3 ge situ ltions rel 3 tio s with foreign co· ntrip s good 'ublic relations i 1 -3 ge II etc We are enc ' lb red 'oy -a l·l this · l nd ' distr3 cted by it 'i'lle sole policy i SAVE LIVES 1 11 instruc1iions to Dissent revise eli-ninlte idc' s which are there solely for ress rel ions p rposes d get down to the h rd core iie are not rU 'l ling an advE'rtisi ca Jp dgn VIe 3 re trying - 0 issll e instl·llctions lio s ve lives hese i str ctions shoild be s clear nd si ple a nd free of confusing clJ literll 'is the insi ru tions in a firs _- lid kit hich tell YO'J how to sto sO'l1eone' bleeding to de3 th pply direct pressure to the fro n 4 • _ _ __ - ---_ •• • ' y ro nd ' ' Conclusion '1 h'lve oeen triing' since 1971 to ush the Dep i rtr tent ·3 · Y frOl l its n'lchis no-imlge s lf -concerns into ' in O l t ' rd-looki 1g policY which worries '3 0 out host gps · r ither th Ln hcw the Dept will look I elie- e S01 e lives lIl 3 y h we oeen lost 3 td others end· t ngered by the Dept I 5 refll s ll to Ilove • I hink the ti ne h· is cO le to ask the Deut to'find he oral cO lge to ke the R2nd study dT it past list iE-es a nd iss1J e ' neVi o'licy insi ra tionb which is simply Keep quiet public· lly negoti - Iote I • II ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' '- __ IS _r _ '-' ' ' - ' _ _ • _ ' _ - _ ' _ ' L _- - - - -_ _ - _ - - _ __ _ __ -' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446086 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 D- · tilS · rli r B·SJ ID·1 INCOMING Depar lucnt OJ'Stale PAGE 111 'ACT 1011 EIH2 • • CAllBtR 08699 01 OF J1 llDGJIZ 8951 IIIro OCT-OI EUR-I Iso-orr CIAE- O DOOE- O H-OI lilA-OJ' t -03 IfSAE-iIiI IIse-o PA-OI PRS-lJl Sp-lJ2 S5-15 USIA-O AID-DS COIlE-aD EB-oa rRB-O tRSf-DO XMB-D2 OPI COO LAD-04 SIL-OI OHD-OI rEA-OI ACDA-Il fIll 1 ------------------1124821 130G5S Il'J R Dom Z DEC 77 HI AitElIBASSY CAIIBERRA to SECSTATE IIASHDC 1973 IlIFO A EMBASSY BAIIGROK AHEHBnSSV J KARTA AHEHBASSY KUALA l UHPUR AIlEIIBASSY LOlinOIl AMEIIBASSY IIAIlIl A AIlEMBAS$Y PORT MORESBY MEN8ASSY SI GAPORE AllEJIBASSV TOXYO AIIEIIBASSY I ClllUGTOIl ANC OUS L DR I SBAIIE JUlCOIlSUL NH SOURIIE AIICOllSUl PERI AHCOIISUI SYOtiE Y CtllCPAC HOIIOLULU hi COli r I E O 116 2 DS TAGS PUll PfOR AS SUBJECT AUSTRAlIAti ElECTIOn AFTERI1AIK CAIIOURA 01 OF l2 TELEGRAM 130 3IZ I I 8 E T I A L S CTIOU I OF 2 CAuaERRA '8699 CIUCPAC ALSO rOR POL AD REF CAIIDER 08699 RELEASE IN FULL AUS 1I All VOIERS TO PI JI ST lHY AS OPPOSEO TO AIIOTHER A ST XPCRIEIlCE 5UCH AS Al CTEO BY 191 -7 fRASER SEES AUSTRAL 1 0 AS A ilEAL THY AlID PROSPEROUS CDUurRY Willi lYERRISING UP CTAIIIIS AIID IIITH A IIAJORITY OPPOSED 10 CIA S tOIlFLlCl FR SER DELIBERATELY OOIUlI'LAYEO POIEIlIIAL TROU6LESOHE I SUES DURIIIG TIlE CAMPAIGII GOVtRtnlEIIIIUlIlQtl COllfROIHAflOIl THE NIIIIUG AIID H PORf or uaAIIWH HE EHPHAsmo TAX BENEFITS SCHEDULED BY THE Llllep IIIlICH LA90R lHREATEnto TO TAKE AliA IIHE HIP POCKET nERVE IIIlIC H UIiOOUBTEDl V SIIUIIG IIAIIY VOlES H ALLEGED THAI IIIIITlAH'S SO lIlESS' Otl PJlOTEClIon 1I0U1D JEOPARDIZE HAllY AUSTRAL IAll JOBS CITIIlG IIJ1ITLAM'S 2S PCRCEllT ACRO SIHE-BOARO TMlrr CUT UHICH IIHillAIl APPliED 111 973 AIID WHICH PARTIAlU' ACCOUtlTCD FOR A LARliE RISE III UIIEtiPlOVII£IIT THIS ALLEGED ' OflEtlESS 011 TARIFF PROIEtTI 011 LSO COST IH lILA VOlES AIID CArrp Gil onR lOUT lorrs 1 G THE II S II AUIO ORY ERS Ulrlon COII1RlBUTED Olll V 1 00 TO THE ALP OURIIiG THC CAI1PAIGII VEHSUS A USUAl COIlTRIBUIIOII OF AT l£AST lIG DOD TEXIIL Il iRI R corlTRIBUrro 1I0THIIlG ALP TAX AriD TARIFF POLICY r RlllmO rR rR AlOIiG 11H SallE ALP lEADERS TO ClAln PUDLlClV AIID PRlVATELV THAT WillA HAD lOST TOUCH IlITH HI eLECTORAIE IHE IlElI AIID ASI'IRIIfG IODll etAS liAS HORE Itll£RESIEO III TAX CUTS AIID IOIlER II lTER SI o TES FOR TIlE IR 8URDEIISOIIE IIDRTGAGES THAll THEY litRE 11 llIfllAIl'S CAll HIR SACRlrlCES TO HElP IHE UI EIIPLono lIIl LE HIERE MIGHI Bt Rill J'Ill Y 'IITlE 1I11HUSIASI1 FOR MLCOL ASER LABOR liAS lIOT SEEII AS A VIALBI I£RIIAIIVE fO SOL Vt AU5TRAI I A' S i'ROULEIiS THIS LED DILL HAYDEII flElR APfAR IIT'TO IIIITlAM PoS LEADER or THE OPPOSIT OU TO Ii0lE lIAT tHE ALP fActO HAllY PROBLEMS nOT THE LEAST or IIHIC liAS PR06LEII or CREOIDIL lTV III m COHNUlIt TV •• 86 9 SUHMARY TilE IlAGtllTUDE or PRINE IIUSIER I'RASER'S OVERII1lELIIIUG OECEIIB£R 10 ElECliON VICTORV GUARAUTEE5 THAT U S BASIC IIfl PESTS III AUSTRALIA IlIlt BE liEU PROT Ci D fOR AT lEAST THE IIEXT TIIREE YEARS TilE lIBERALI IIATlOUAl COUtiTRY PARTY COAL I 11011 GOVERHIIEIII HAS FOSIERED 1111 CLOSEST COOPEHAIIOIl IIITH THE U S 011 POLITICAL MILItARV ECOHOI1IC SCIEtlTlFIC AlID SOCIAL ISSUES HAS ACTED TO PROTECT IHE SUBSTAIH I AL U S IfIVESTltEl1T STAKE III AUSTRAL I A AIIO £lICOURAGEO ACCESS fOR IIEII U S I liVEST HEIIl HAS OPtlirD AUSTRALIAIl URAIIiUM TO ORIO MARKETS IHUSSUPPORTJIIG All ESS£llli AI lElIEtlT or u S £ JER jY AIID SAFEGUARDS POll C Y HAS GUARAIITE£O COUlIIIUED ACCESS TO AUSTRAlIAtl TERRITORY FOR ESSEIIT IAl JO lilT DEfEliSE IN$TAllAT lOllS THE LItle 15 ROCK SOlIll 011 AlllU BASIPIG ITs HEY fORrlG11 POLICY Of CISJOtlS on AIIWS' EFFECTIVE COIiTlIIUAT Ion THE OIlL Y POWlllAl PROBHI' AREII ItIVOL VES PROBABL E IIICR P EO PROTECT 1011 AGA I liST FORE 1611 INPOR IS THE ALP DECfltATEO OIlCE AGAIII IIUSI R£THIIIK ITS EssrrrrlAL PHILOSOPHY THtR£ IS 110 1 10 SERIOUS DOUBT TIIAT A GREAT HAJORITY or AUSlRAlIAIIS lERE STILL unpREPARED TO EXPERIUEUT OItCE AGAIIl Ill GOLIGH UHITLAWS DISRUPTIVE BRAUD OF TRADE UtIlOU-OONIIlAIEO SOCIAlIStt fIIO SUIl fARY 1 fHE LIller VICTORY o s trOT EXPECIED HOI EVER IT liAS REIIARKABlE THAI fRAS£R lIA ABLE TO I1AIIIIAIII HI 1III llJry III B0J lL1 0U jE5 OF PARLJAllEnT IIHILE BURO£llEO IIITH All EXTRENElV RIGH RAIE or UIiEMPIOYNElIl IIICH SHOIIS ALL SIGliS OF GOIlIG EVEII HIGHER AIID IIITH AU EGOllOlIY lillICH ALIH UGH IT SHOIIS SOME EARLY S 1611S F IHPROVEltEIIT RENA illS HAT THE I 'ISO fOR fRASER'S LANDSliDE VICTORY IS THAT E REA HIS £lEe R lE CORRECTl OF PARTY EDITORIAL AIlD ELECTORATE OPPOSIIJOIl FRASER DECIDED TO GO TO THE POllS EARL Y COVill lUG OU I lAS I C COHSERVAT I 511 OF A MAJORI TV or Itl SPI1£ CONFIDENTIAL __ It UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 9 43 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 ------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 lrM1f tr C Depart nent of State PItGE DI' ACT Ol A-Il IIIFO • • CAUBER CS69S 9 Of 82 1306S6l f 8sse OCJ- I EUR·12 ISO·CC CIAE-110 OIHlE·CO PI1-0S H·OI IlIR-1l7 L-03 flSAE-CC IIsc-a PA·1l1 pas·o Sp·02 SS-l USIA·D6 AID·CS CONE·OO E8-38 FRB·03 TRsr·na Xl1B·g2 OPIC·S3 lAII'·04 Sll·Sl 0110-01 F-Ell-Ol ACDA-12 ' 1'1'1'1 -' • ' •• _ ·················-025907 1306 n liD R 139521l DEC 77 fl1 AHEIIBASSY CAIIBERRA TO SECSTATE ItASKOC 1914 IIIFO AIIEI1BASSY BAIIGKOK AIlEIlBASSV KUALA lUMPUR AIIEI1BASSY lOIlDOII AI1EIIBAASSY MArillA AlIEIIBASSY PORT HDRESBY AtI MBASSY S I flGAPOR£ AIIWDASSY TOKYO AtI lIBASSY I HllIIGTOII AIICOliSUl BR ISBRIIE AI1COIISUl MELBOURUE AlicollSUl PERlH AHCOIISUL SYDNEY CUlCPAC HOtiOLUlU HI iJi CANSER 88699 INC OM ING TELEGRAM 02 OF 02 130656Z 6 A rURTHER liaRD NEEDS SAY IIIG ABOUT HALCOUI FRASER IT HAS 8£EN CaRRE Y flOTED THERE THERE IS LITTlE E ASH HE IS II0r POPULAR BUT SLACK OF PCPULAlli TV IIH leH STEIIS FRon All ABSEIICE or PERSOUAl • - -IIAR TH AHD CHARM SHOULD 1I0T OBSCURE OHlER CHARACTERISTICS II1PORTAIIT TO A CHIEf OF STATE HE IS FIlIST AlIO LIlST COIICERIIED IIITfl AUSTRALIA AND KER POSITIOI III THE IICRlD HE IS UNC HCE IIEn IIITH HIS LACl OF POPUlARIT'i HE IS STIlOIIG liltED AlID PREPARED TO HAKE THE HARD OrtlSIOI AS HE SEES IT T ACCOIlPlISH illS OBJECTIVE AIiO HE IS REliABLE IN THE EVES OF illS P RTY IT IS fElT GY HAllY THAT IfE IIlll cOlllUATE THE AUSTRALIAII SCEIIE FOR SOliE lIlIE TO COilE ALSTOIl C II K f I 8 E I T I A l SECTION 2 OF 2 CAKBERRA 46S9 CIIlCPAC ALSO FOR PDLAD 3 TilE FUTURE OF THE ALP III AUSTRAL I A IS SHAOOIIED FflASER III HIS VICTORY SPEECH CLAIIIED THAT ' ALSO'IIAIIT to COMNIT I1Y GOVEIUmEln TO NOTI R OBJECT I V£ TO REACH OUT 8EYOIID THE aoilllDS OF POLITICS TO SEU TO EMPHASIZE THOSE 1 IGS THAT OUGHT to UlllTE ALL AUSTRAllAIIS III CON MOt PURPOSE AlID III CONNon OBJECTIVES tll gASIZItIG THOSE IIATtERS KICH NAKE AUSTRALIA A GREAT IIATIOIJ If liE CAli 00 TRAT IE tAli lESSElI iHE DIVISIOIIS BElIiWI US AHO 1MCREASE THE SEIISE Of liAr IOIlAL I DEnT T A1ID COMHOtt PURPOSL • CERTAltiLY fRASER'S IIIN ItILl BOOST BUSIIIESS corlilDEllCE AIlD PERHAPS FOREIGU IIIVESTMEltT SHOULO THE AUSTRALIAII teOllOMY IHPROVE DISCERnIBLY IIITH A RESULTAIIT DROP III UII rJ'LO fHE IT THIS HIGHT ALSO WASH fRASER TO MODERATE SONE OF HIS HI GHl Y ConS RVATI VE ECOHonl C AIID FISCAL POll CI ES THEREBY GAfllI G EVUI GREATER ElECTORAL APPEAL 4 IH S H FRASER HAS A fAIRLY GOOD CHANCE OVER THE IIEXT THREE YEARS TO PRO E THAT -THE LIBERAL PARTY'S PHILOSOPHY IIORKS THIS IIlll BE OIFriCUlT FOR LABOR 111 COUllTER ABOVE All THE ALP HUST ROAOEN ITS BASt AT PRESEIIT LABOR IS TilE POLITICAL ARK OF THE TRADE UI IOII HOVEIlEHl III AUSTRALIA It HOME FOR OVERIIMEIIT 1I0R ERS THE IJIiELL IGEIIlS I A 1I IR01IHEIHALISTS AriD OTHER· TRtIIOV· TYPES ' THE COHMUtli TV TH I S PROVED MUCH TOO SMALL All ElECTORATE IN 1977 ESPECIALlY IIITH LARGE-SCAl DEFECTIONS - - 5 BILL IIAYDEIl CURRErmv SRADOl MINISTER OF DEFEIlS AIID OIfE OF SEVERAL COIIOMIC SfOKESHEIl FOR THE ALP lILL ALI10ST CERTAIIILY BE ELECTED AS OPPOSITIOII lEIIDtR TO RE PLACE IIH IHAII HOUEVER IIAIIY ALP PARLI AI1EIITARV MweERS AlR£ADY DOUBT HAYDEII'S tOUGHIlESS IN DEAl IJIll 11I1M FRASER AHD III TH T E OLD LABOR PARTY liAR HORSES IIHO lOll IIITH THE DEFEAT Of so HAllY BRIGHT younG HeOR 110DERATE CArrQIOAlts HAKE UP SUCK A lARCE PORTlO or THE ALP'S PARlIAMEIIlARY IIEIlBERSHJP HAYDEN IIILL EtlJOY A TRIAL PERIGO A CHAuceE TO PROVE HIIISELF BlIT ThERE IlRE ALREADY CAllS TO ELECT 11'08 HAIIKE PREsl Em OF THE ALP AllD THE ACTU TO'_ PARlIllIIEl1T TO PREPAARE HAIIKE AS PIlRt IAHEHTARY lEADER II TaE HOPE THAT HIS CIlItRISMATIC PERSOUALITY HIGHT EVElliUAUY LEAD THE All' OUT F THE IIll0ERIiESS CGNFIHENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State CC _eYJo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431984 Date 11 13 2017 I UNCLAS IFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 IRELEASE IN FULLI SHANKLE ARTHUR P 77 STATE 54722 UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 01 STATE 054722 ORIGIN OFIC-e c INFO CCT-01 ARA-10 ISO-00 EB-08 IRAJTED BY OPIC ID IA BTMANS ACH APPROVED BY EB IFD OIA RJSMITH 02 R 13 IFD OIA DESTEB ING ARA ECP JO'MAHONY SUES ------------------112004Z 129950 47 C 111945Z MAR 1M SIeSTAT WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY QUITO IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY LIMA IMMEDIATE AMEMEASSY LA PAZ IMMEDIATE AMCONSUL GUAYAQUIL IMMEDIATE AMCONSUL CALI IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE·054722 E O 11652 NIA 'lAGS EINV SUEJECT ANDEAN MISSION - FINAL' ADVANCE TRIP 1 FIC DIRECTOR IOE LATIN AMERICAN INSURANCE THOMAS MANSEACH t ACCOMPANIED BY INSURANCE OFFICER SU AN MASHkES PLAN WRAP UP ADVANCE TRIP TO ADDRESSEE POSTS ACCORDING TO ICLLOWING SCHEDULE WEDNESDAY MARCH lc IAMI TO QUITO VIA EU 075 ARRIVING AT 12 30 PM EP IDAY ARCE 18 QUITO TO GUAYAQUIL SATURDAY MARCH 19 GUAYAQUIL TO QUITO SUNDAY MABCH 20 QUITO TO LIMA VIA EN 911 ARRIVING AT 10 40 A M UNCL ASSIIIED UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 02 UEStAYt ARCH STATI 054722 22 LIMA TO LA FAZ VIA EN 979 ARRIVING AT 11 3 AM WEDNESDAY MARCE 23 LA PAZ TO SANTA CRUZ VIA L3 27 ARB'IVING AT 12 35 PM DEPART eOLIVIA ON MARCE 28 SUNDAY MARCH 28 LIMA TO BOGOTA VIA AV 082 AT 17 25 PM UISDAY MARCE 29 POGOTA TO CALI VIA AV 111 DEPARTING AT 13 00 FM ARRIVING AT 13 45 FM WEDNESDAY MARCH 30 CALI TO MIAMI VIA N 976 DEPARTING AT le 45 AM 2 TEAM WILL REVIEW FINAL SCHEDULE WITH EMBASSY PERSONNEl AND LOCAL HOSTS AS WELL AS MAKE ARRANGEMENTS JOR HOTEL RESERVATIONS AND GROUND TRANSPORTATION EOGOTA PURSUANT TO BOGOTA 2216i OFIC HAS CHARGED 10TH DATI OF fINAL ADVANCE TRIF TO MARCH 28 AND 29 SEE ITINERARY PARAGRAPH A30VE AND DATE OF MISSION Mit 16 EOGOTAj MAY 17 CALI MAY 18 BOGOTA LATE AFTERNOON DEPARTURE EOR QUITO REQUEST FOLLOWING APPOINTMETNS FOR ARCB 28 A AND CUERVO AND OF GONZALEZ On·AACCLA UNCLASSIFIED I PAGE 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 SHANKLE AP 1·RUR P 77 STATE 54722 UN CLASS IFIED OSCAR BRADFORD C AFPROPRIATE GOVERNMENT REPRESENTATIVE IRIDY CASTANO UNLESS EMBASSY HAS PREFERABLE ALTEENATIV£ 4 CUITO ECAUSE MAY 19 ASCENSION DAY IS A HOLIDAY IN BCGOTA VISITS TO COLOME AND ECUADOR WILL BE REVISED MISSION NOW PLANNING TO VISIT QUITO LATE AFTERNOON MAY 18 AND 19 AND GUAYAQUIL MAY 20 TRUST THAT THIS FURTHER CHANGE WILL NOT COMFLICATE MATTERS IN IACT REVISED SCHEDULE MAY PERMIT' EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF AAceLA TO PLAY MORE ACTIVE ROLE IN MISSION SCHEDULE REQUEST FOLLOWI NG AFFOrNTMjJ TS A CENDES TERAN AND MARCC BRAVOi B AACCLA CARL NEWLANDSj C GOE GALa MANTANOj D ROQUE CANADASj E REPRESENTATIVE or GIGE F ALSO WISH TO MEET WITH AMCONSUL IN GUAYAGUIL FLUS WEOEVER WILL HANDLE GUAYAQUIL MEETINGS EMBASSY wILL BECALL THAT BOTH REFEAT BOTH GENDES AND NEWLANDS HAD UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED FAGE 03 STATE 054722 OFFERED TO HANDLE GUAYAOUIL MEETINGS WITH NEWLANDS INDICATING THAT HE PREFERRED TO DO GUAYAQUIL ALONE RATHER THAN IN CONJUNCTION WITH CENDES 5 LIMA REQUEST THE FOLLOWING AFFOINTMENTS AAceLA ALAN YOUNG OF OF A WILL DISCUSS LOCAL SPONSORSHIP UFON ARRIVAL FER LIMA 1849 6 LA PAZ REQUEST FOLLOWING APPOINTMENTS A AACCLA JAMES RAA i B CEPE JORGE LONSDALE OR HI 5 EXECUTI VE tIRECTOR DR HUGO SAINZ_TRIGO C SUBMINISTER OF FLANIMIENTO ENRIQur GARCIA O DISpUSS OTH FOREIGN GOVERNMENT APPROVALS HlD GOVERNMENT SFONSORSEIF REQUEST FOLLOWING HOTEL RESERVATIONS QUITO - THE COLON - MARCH 16 17 AND 19 GUAYAQU I L - REQUEST AMCONSUL CHOOSE HOT EL - MARCH 18 LIMA - TP E SHERATON - MARCH 20 21 lA PAZ - THE LIBERTADOR - MARCH 22'SANTA CEUZ - THE HOLIDAY INN LOS TAJIBOS - MARCH 23 EOGOTA - THE HILTON - MARCH 27 AND 28 CALI - REQUEST AMCONSUL CHOOSE HOTEL - MARCH 29 B WOULD APPRECIATE EMBASSIES CONCURRENCES AT F ARLIEST CONVENIENCE VANCE UNCLASSIFIED FAGE 2 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431600 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PARTBS 'i -l 1 110 '- t 21 '512 ' _ •• _4 - ' • •••••••••••••••••••• 22Z82 Z A R 15 C S LUA CA RE ST T ASHC R I 1 TO t· t i r I' I rI ' I j I t 'J ' i l •' 3 iric j F' l 3 CFFIC R n Se G EES T - E lT Pr ST 'j FO i'± S I Z T O ' IL TV F A A G C LE SUSTAI ED C T ' v ELSE HfR T R jV C -f ·L f - 'I' o' I Tri T ' L E ' ·F I e I-' I'LA IN L UANuA AND ALTHOW H IT IS IMP SSIB E' OLlT P O TO NOVE 'SER 11 A CL E FO E EPE C Cf eIV t n L L f i C eer Fi F WnAt ' t r 'Cc FI E TIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 • 1 • 4 ' ' ·0 - ' ' _ _ _ ''' ' ' • ' ·· '- -e ' ' '-ll - f - - ' - ' - - '- _ i - • - - • -- - __ ' D of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - - • •• 9 t t O·- ' ' i··_ · ·- ' -_ -'o - '-' ' fu -_ - _ _ - oj • •• E £ - ' ' •• - t 'j •• _ ----''----'-_- ' •• ' f ---- 1 j 1i r • I t C C NTXJ l t I i t i 0 • I I - -- - - - __ _ _ - - _ '4' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ f _i_ --------- - ----- - --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445685 Date 12 11 2017 ·r ' IFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 UNITED SlATES AGE'HeY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT fffB D i' - r f Pa 1j III SSID N TO PAll STA R ' HEADQUARTERS OFFIC# CallIe USAIDPAK ISLAMABAD March Zl 1973 RELEASE IN PART 861 eeHPIBEPi'3 k L Mr William I Cargo Director of Planning and Coordination Room 7246 Department of State Washington D C Dear Mr Cargo In accordance with the procedure cited in the May 972 Department of State Newsletter I wish to record my dissent from the recently announced United States r decis'ion to resume arms sales to Pakistan $ ' I understand that U S policy now permits arms sales which fall in any of the following three categories - Lethal items contracted for under the 1970 one-time exception I' but not yet delivered Spare parts for lethal items previously furnished by the United States and Non-lethal new items In my view the lifting of the arms embargo seriously threatens the stability of the subcontinent impairs U S credibility as a peacemaker diminishes Pakistan's economic development and jeopaJ dizes our relations with both India and Bangladesh My analysis appears in a memorandum dated December 7 1972 on Resumption of American Military Supplies to Pakistan copy attached herewith ' CO f'IBl lN'ff n Classified B 4 r j 41f4# r ---- Subject to General Decll sificatioo Schedule of E - ecutive Order 11652 Autonllth ally downgraded at mo yeay intervals and declassified on Decc'Qlber 31 U 1 • IFIED U S - of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 · IFIED U Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 GO 'TFHJ13Pi'filfL Page 2 Mr William 1 Cargo Supplementing that memorandum I would further argue as follows I The Lethal-Non-Lethal Distinction Is Spurious In addition to the semantic problem of defining non-lethal end-use items there is anot her difii culty which is often ignor ed This is the fact that non-lethal items usually require lethal complements Unarmed jeeps carry armed soldiers airplane engines power planes which bomb and strafe Therefore an arms p lr- veyo whose' saies make p ssible' a'larger m re destructive ' military force cannot escape responsibility for the destruction which that force may unleash ot II It Is p'ractically Impossible For The United States To Ensure That Its Military Supplies Will ot Be Used'Against Other Friendly Nations Or Against The Recipient's Own People Regardless of restrictions which the U S may place on the use of items furnished recent history lias shown that the arming of t'vvo hostile allies leads to the use of these weapons against each other We should avoid being identified with arms and equipment which again may wind up 'on a 'battlefield with another friendly power III In The Militarily Competitive Atmosphere Of The Subcontinent It Is Unrealistic to Expect That A Renewed Sales Program Will 1' l ot Contribute To An Arms Race II The U S Government has taken the laudable position that it does not intend to contribute to an arms race II But our intentions may be irrelevant in the face of actual arms deliveries I am told that the 300 armed personnel carriers supplied under the decision will create a positive imbalance in Pakistan's favor Who is to say that the Indian military will not feel compelled to regain their advantage Certainly our intention to avoid an arms race could be implemented more effectively by a retention of the embargo CON rfll I l I moL IFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' vL r QQIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 •• ' • • t '• • • ' ' • •• Mr William I Cargo IV ' I I I age ' • I 3 In A POD r Country Like Pakistan Military Purchases Compete With Economic Deve10nment Programs • Hence The Resumption Of Military Sales Tends To Thwart Our Aid Ob-' jectives Pakistan is a country of scarce resources More '''guns'' means less butter The expenditure of $14 million for military supplies deprtves t he a ktstan t people of an iqual sum for development progralns The' new supplies and spare parts will doubtless re quJre heaVy lbcal cost 'co tri1ent's by 'the' Gove'rrunent o£'Pakistan ' Military expenditures set into lnotion their own lnultiplier efie t Pakistanl s overwhelming debt service problem is another reason to 4iscourage militat y spending which draws down 'foreign ·exchange Moreover the diversion of resources to the military is likely to have an verse effect on PaJdstan's ability to attract development aid Given the fungibility of foreign exchange the military sales authorized constitute a n effective deduction from our current level of commodity assistance $60 million in E 'Y 73 On the basis of the foregoing I respectfully dissent £rom the decision to lift the embargo an d recommend that the U S arms policy for Pakistan be reconsidered in the near future incerely yours 86 Attachment a s GOPfF DEPfY'h LL FlED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ------------------ IFIED • U 'S f' Depaitment of State Cas ·N F-2'01'S-07743 o ' Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' • • •• ' ' ' ' eOHl'feEU'fbtt L _ THR U L December 7 1972 Mr Joseph C Wheeler Director Dr WilHam iI Wolf er Deputy Director ''-__ --ll' ResUmption of Americau Military 0 'j t - -_ _ _ _ _ ' Suppli s ' 86 to Pakistan ' ' _' ' Antic1pating a GOp request for resumption of American military supplies to Pakistan you a sked m to prepare a succinct analysis ' o f po l y i 1e for p llsipJc cOnGi ll r t1 o y tJi C o r Teap1 O'n the bas'is of stated a3 sump'tiona I haveJ considered two most ' plauBib e 11 alt rnativ courses of actio n ill 1 ght of U• S Ol ' jg ' oliey Pakistan foreign relations and Pakistan domestic develop ' ments • ' I' ' As a starting poil1t we assume tha t thq n xt two years will th Bhutto Government 2 at least grailual progress toward an Indo-Pa rapprochoment and 3 continu ad peaceful rci lticns among the lJ 'eat POWf£ l'R We alHo assume for diBcu6s on urposeo that C'ongl'ess will make no substantial cha ge8 in miiitary GaLes legislation 1 1 sce 1 continuation in power of II Possible Courses of Action • • • • The USC could respond to a GOP request fol' military supplies in a number of ways depending upon l the scope of tho request and 2 usa policydocisions ASl3uming an open-cnded r queBt to remove existing restrictions on the oupply of military ha rdware USG policy options would include the following possible courses of action • t •••• J ' ' 1 Unqualified supply including sophisticatod wea'pons 2 J QualUied supply 11 No e that these are itll aaaurnption s not predictions eOiUi'fBl 1i'fM L GU - of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 t '-JL '''J uIFIED· U S' De'p rtm rit f State Case N·o i -2 '1·6 0774 3 'nDo c j'N i o - r C 17 9 8 00m8 6 Da te roiCi9 i11 '2 i 2n 01i77 · •• • ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' • ' ' ' Z ' a x iuding sophisticated wea pons ·· J ' I b excluding letha l end-use commodities c limlfed to spare parts for p teviously furnished usa equipment ' ' 'd ' limited to··Pl O CUl'om e I lt und e r Ji c arl e e n ' • ' ' ' ' • 0' ' _ Octobe r 1971 ' ' ' ' ' 3 ••• ' ' t ' •• Refusal to sUPi ly i e continuation 'of i dsti g p licy • ' ' ' - ' ' I ' o ' ' ' The e'optio' 8 a e not m nnt to ex'elude other oasibi1ities Options 1 nnd 2 for example could be va'x ied by dollar and tiine limita'tion8 used versus new equipment definitions 01 lI o'phisticatedll'a nd · llon lethal and credit or military aid tormo · The possible limitations listed under option 2 could bo hnposed separately or in va rious combinations For tho ake of analysiB however it would seem preferable to concentrate on tho t vo limon' plausible of the possible courses of action Whilo nsocnornent of plausibility is of course f1ubjective a review of U s ar a supply policy in the sUbco i n nt ainca 1965 suggests that the era of unqualified sales is over -' Realistically the policy-makers in WaElhington will probably choose between continuation o the current embargo option 3» and Borne form' of quaHfied supply option 2 For clarity and brevity of presentation we will focus more specifically on a choice between no tlupply NS nn l supply limited to spare parts 8LSP 2 Between 1954 and 1965 the U S supplied Pakistan with arm8 worth between $700 nnd $300 million It Bold India a modest amount military equipment before 1962 and gavo India a rms worth about $85 million between tho 1962 conflict with Chin and the 1965 war with Paldstan II William J Ba l ndn x ldia Pakinbn and the Great Powers Praeger t 1972 at 323 MAP grant Aid shipments of material to Pakista n and India terminated in September 1965 Military equipment or of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' 1I • j FlED U S Depart'ment of State' Case' N'o F-2016-07743 ''ooe No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' eOl ' B f 'f L ' I i I ' 3 Footnote 2 • Continu d was Dhipped to both countX'iea on a strictly sales a8i6 unq e milita ry sUP£lly polic'y'annoutlced in Apl'U'1967 eonfi ling Bh ipment 9 to spa re pa rts for equipment trupplied under tho pre 1965 grant aid p ograma and to non-lethal cnd-itemo such as co mmunicatio s equipment cargC vehicles and t ranfJport a ircraft On October 1 1970 the usa offorod a lIone-time exception to the prohibition on the sale o lathal material of U S origin to P kiata n · According 'to DOD testimony tho offer Viae limited to four types of items ' ' a1 th'o 'd ·'p 'erBb nii'cl d iri¢r'$ · 'irit6reetitor 'nl en ft ' 'aome -'obeol'et'c' ' l g t bombe B and a few patrol aircraft Quantities were spEidfi • nd limited to rbpillcoment 'of similar items lost thrc lgh normal w'car out and p cC idont• T ri Ap dl 1971 th usa bagan to impoa i' more l1evcra lim1tati nlJ on doliveriaa to PakiGtan beginning with a prohibition on tho iosuanco of now or ronQwed Munitions List export licenses or shipments ir m military· depots and culminating in la te October with the cancella tion Ol l'ow aining valid licenl es ' On Dt cember 3 1971 the USG a pplied a tota l- mbargo of military supply deliveries to India Both count leo remain under So total embargo on wJ litary lPpUflS j t'nnt mii itary training i' J 'however un affected' by the current policy For tv 73 the DOD proposed grant training for Paki tan in the nmount of $243 000 a nd for India in the amount of $234 000 See testimony of General SaignouB H R Appropl'iations' Committee' Hearings April 11 197Z Part I 759 764 794 Testimony of General Tarren H R Approprintio-nl Committee Hearing6 1' 1arch 24 1971 Part I ZlS·16 cally stat'cd ' r • ' ' 0 • '- ILr uuIFIED U S IOI l rTrvloI lT ' ' ' ' - - - ' 0' • I • ' 1 ' ' • • • I of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 i I I ' ' I VL-r vv lfijo' U ' epa'rf ent of State 'case No F-2016-07743' Doc No Cf7980086 '0 ' Date '09 12 2017 • ' ' 4 ' tII · ·U s 'Yo reign' Poiicy • t A Pakistan ' ' • t I ' I j 'I DiscuS6 iO Neither option ' fill satisfy Pre'sident Bhutto if he wants to rebuild his armed torcca with new equipment rather than ein ply repla ce parts Honce tho immediate effect of either ' ' • ' ' ' option' may b'e t o diw in1ah 6 om wh a th J 1¥ _ ro y oY' • ' - ' ' enjoy with the GOP Thete is little quoation that the NS policy ·- would be- rec e'ived mor-o fa vor' lbl Y than b SLSP c9u J e- Y ' ' ' ' may become more impo b_nt than the initial impact how ver are succeeding events affected by the policy chosen ' ' L Z 3 SEenal io- ' ' a S'PolicI ' With rO 'UBal tel supply arms U announces commodity a nd fertilizor loans for FY 73 American image in Pakistan suffers a n t sotback on at-rna issue b t one of mild intensity and short duration Man on th e Cil'eef atill l'ett'lemoel'S President Nbton'g support during 171 ndo Pak War With gradually improving l'olations with India arma oupplieG' are regarded as 'desirable but not critical Pr sident Bhutto if able to channel more funda to development programs on the ground that U S spares arc unavailable In effect NS policy of usa b Jcomes in a sense a ' scapegoat for Pak de-militarization Flak military is bittor but 13l1utto and Central MiniBterlJ are privately pleased with outcome b §bSP Palia Tbc·U S decision t resume the supply of spare p lrts is accc 'ted in Pakistan as lithe leaBt they could do There is little apprecia tion of the decision among the genera l public but the milital Y desiroua of new hardware regard it as a loot in the door II They expect tha t the -USG having lost its virginity will be hard put to turn do vn future requests for new equipment ' 11 This IIScena do ll and those which follow arc simply designed to highlight issues for diactlssion Like the assumpticna above they nrc not prodij tioInl of future evonts IFIED U S ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 •••• f r I ' •• ' •• ' GO TPU E i'fh L I ' ' t ' I ' t ' 0' 'r • ' ' ' ••• 13 India ' I i· I I Discussion Continued Indo Palt tensions make it i evitable that any usa policy decision e f cting 'arms to PakiDtan ' will elicit a strong 'l oaction in New Del4i Such rea ctio nwill - b h I i ' ' l _ ' 'I • • • ' ' ' ''' ' ·Sc nal'io ' ' ' ' • ' • • t' ' ' • • • •• ' • ' ' ' ' ' ' • ' ' ' b SLSP PoUcy The US dei ision in the face 0£ con tinued arms embargo £01' India is widely regarded as an affront Tho L ldi m preas bhw ' distinctic l oetiveen f pply limited to spare parts and unrestricted ealen Anti Anlorlcan sentiment rises and rapprochement efforts are at least t mporn rilY suspended At diplomatic level GOl pondera counteriog with 'aimilal' arms r queot IV Pakistan Foreign A • Rel ionB India 1 Discussion Notwithatn'nding' Pa k stan's improved rc lations with Inciia thOl'C l·cmn iTlG deep cuspicioll and distrust be tween the two n·ations The threat of a renewed arms rac e lurks beneath the surface 2' ' ' 'J ' a NS Policy USG' refusal to r 1 1pply military hardwa re to 'Pakistan is Widely heralded in·India a s·a'wise decision • Elel11entG of the Indian GoV'ernmont bo seek l'aPfJ t'Ochemcnf with t e NiXon Adrninistr'ation gain uppott or their cau e ' to Washington Sconario a NS POlicy Paldetan ' e inability to buy even B pal C parts from the US ploascG tho lnrlhms strengthening the hand of policy makers who dl lGire to reduce India's dependence on the Soviet· Union The decision however prompta no immediate change in CO lFIIJElf¥ J' b of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' 0 1 ' vL r 'vIFIED U S J '41 b partment of State Cas'e No ' F-2016-6774 3 'Do' ' No ' C1 980086 • ' • • ••• t - 6 - ' 4 - Date 09 12 2017 ' ' 'I' - ' ' • I ' A ·'l ·tha' · u· JP ·· li · ··fhe 6 er ' t ii ' to ' e h t 'r ' Pakistan will find ot v lr supply Dources in b SLsP Poiicx India sees 'the' de i8ion capitulation of the Bhutto Government to the generals and a rQsurgence of Pa ldstani II m ilital 'ism II • Tho limited policy is regard d as only a ' ' ' l t 3t J t · 7 · · r J J U i ' ' ·mills' ··· ' ' ' ' 'r • ••• ' B China' ' • •• • •- ' ' ' ' ' al NS 'f1 licy in the wako of the American dctifl-ion t ' Pakistan approaches China for n w hardware The Chinese leadel' profess eternal support for tho Pnkio an c-o uaC3 promise to provide help in the future but procl'Cletirlate o the question of deliveries b SLSP Pol y China i s not approached and exhibits no particular unhnppines·s with tnt USG -deciaion v -- Pakiatnn Domestic Developments A Political 1 J if lCUS8 O In the larger context of Pakistani politics the USG de dsion one way or the c ither- would·probably have an insubstantial effect More dramutic scenos occupy th loca l stage Yet it is irn ortant to consider the cifect of the' two options on Mr Bhutto's position in tho count y the role of the military esmblishment and entl'a l province relat oua 2 Scenario a NS Policy Outwardly the decision comes as a blO v to tbe Bhutto Government bleh has patiently deferred its arma request until iter the An'1 erican Presidential olection With expect - eeNPIDEN'Y'MJs IFIED U S views he nrme deci llon t o··n brcncli 6I thc'Sftd1a' epi'rft ··· Both hawKs' ' ' ' and pro-Soviet ofiieials and legialatorf in India find g1'iut for their rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 • IF ·ED- 'S Department of s a e · C N i - ·6 077 3' Dod No '0 C179800 6 'i • • Date 0 12 2 1 ' ' •• -• • • • t ' - ' 0' •• - 7 - • • ' •• 1 0 ' ' 'tiollB of USC support l' ng'lligh nhutto' f3 pr-e tige sufferu· a minor w und 'X-at in fact it is the Fal mUit ll Y which loso8 th iI' 'dependence upon Arnin·ic n maieril l is oubstautial The generals' loss is Mr Bhutto's gain The diminishmont in tho Pl'esidertt' g public stature is more tha n ofil3 ot by bis increased intQ t'nal powor vis-a vis the military establioltment Without' I ' ''' ' ''' J o' • • etit1fpmenl ··· ·B·huttoJind s l JV i iQ t achi vo military manpower cuts Oreater empha'sis l's pia'cod 6· t h6 spii'it 'cf Sim'la '· ·At· the · ' ' J am'c time he· hr s· tq I cnt n d with internal pressures to seek ' 'l ' • e o - ' ' O ltelo native supply 8011 ' s His 're·sporis i'is ·to· turn ·tQ· China w ith ' the unsa isfyin g rCDu1to noted a bove 5'inn lly he a rang e a meeting wit h Mro andhi to Pl'OPOP an ·arrna £rl1 o zone qr' the B'U cs H'1tinent In Pakbtan advocates oi il'l cJ calij ed Pl'O'oriucial' ltcinon y regar'd roduet on in at'ms 'support of tJ'to c·entral armed forces as fortuitoue For the Opponitioll '1' mcmbering hc ' c'ca a terror at last year th e military is a pote tial oppressor b S S Policy' The usa dt -aision is 1 egarded as a minor victory by lome as a minor setback by others In elther case it scarcoly affects Mr BhuttO 5 politico l i gc at home The military leaders although hoping fOt mo re are delighted to ace the embargo liftod VTith sparea to put equipment back into service this ye r they can look to the imF or ntion c new commodities irom the US late on They see the decisioll as tho £irat atep in the restoration of the US arms flow lnt n·na ly tncil ·h md·ia att'ength ned w1th the c ivilial1 President ThQY cel they can resist hia effort3 to cut bs ck military porsonnel on the ground that flGomoone has to operate Itho reactivf ted equipment II Provincial lea ore grimace at the thought of'an incrat Bingly mobile central army S Economic ' ·1 ' I' DiscUf3Bion The oconomic c ffeets of the supply deciGion a r ·pel'h ps the moat 9 gni£icant of a l For in' Pakistan the acarcity of resources mnkos guns versus butter docision-making a ma W l' of vital concern We should therefore consider the of ect l of arms BUFply upon PaJdotall 's internal economic priOl'iti¢6 and har ability to attra t foreign as siatance I l COln I 8E i i L ----_ - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 Departme t fState Case' No F 2016-67743'b ·No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 IFIED U S l' • • • •• ' 4 0 - • • ' ' ' I' of ' 0 ' •• •• ' ·Scena rio • • • ' • • ' ' • • 0' 0' 1 ' ' • ' ' • ••• 0 ••• • n· NS P ll x vritl u s Spal'es unii aiinble 'ah'd thiS pl'oc ur ment 0£ new equipment elsewhoro 6yond the nation's financial · cap cityi the Governme i bc'gin3 to devote an inCl l lsing pe·rcontage of ita regourcev to dovelopmtmt Holding hiD r o1Uta ry advi'sors at'bay th President can rC3po d to the l'iIJitlg cxpoctat on$ of his people s onstitUQllCY If Somo of the social programs i the Bhutto Goyer nment · · '· · ·b lftI 'to ·'b 9··impletrJ n 9 i l91 • ¥ 9r g ni4 9 r ar impressed with I 'akistan'e cHorts and ar t lcli'ciMcd ·it1 tho r·o·aucfro·ti· 6f rl1Hiia fy - '· f · i ' ' ' ' eipi3ndi'turos • Thl3 c u try g t go9 aJk and high-et' aid pledjca J at the 1973 Consortium moeting Credit'or miti ns tii kQ a·more positivc·· · · ' ' view of the or hcon'li g ch lbt N lJchoc1 lling • In tl10 P lldstan bUl'cnucraey en1ightoncd· lemcnt a'o th6 planning a nd devolopment offices a -e'en eOl'lra g d in ·their devolopment ·oliorto A new apir t of optimiSin · devolop'mont c ircles· begins fo emerffo ' ' ' b SLSP' Polic _ Th d9ciaion arouses anxiety among development-mindod P lt1Bt nis andJorolgn aid officials Does it mean that Pak5stan in opting for mo gun8 md 1001 b' ttel' t9 the eon£1'ont3tion with India poltoy being reaosGl'tod Some recall th · Prosident'o or ninou referenco to l 'ovenger in his D ccmbcl Convention speech in Ra walpindt Foreign aid tionon look with di·s avor on a Plan which relieB on external allGiotanco for mOl e than fifty percent of the dev lopment budget Th'3i'Q ia ' tondoncy t rnong don ors to cut ba ck on commodity aonistanco parh aps the moat fungible type of aid on the ground that it pro ridoa io roigll c chang support fo'r military purchases Pakistani oconomiats and planners are disheartened by the decision and blamo tho United States for 1 Iarma-puehing IJ in VI Some Final Comments ' ' ' ' The above discUfJ6ion and scenar-ioB suggest that continuation of our present embargo pollcy is tho preforred course On balance • the neg tive effect of a reaumption of M'rn oaloa ovou those limited to spare pa rts v ou d appear to outweigh the bQ ents limited to a short run political ndvantage to the' U S in Pakistan Before concluding however it may be useiul to lxamine bl'icfly some of the conventional wisdolnl C Y on the arms uupply issuet of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-677tt 43 D cNN o- C 1i77 98 01r0 86UD a te nc09 V 11- 2 f 2 rOM177---- ' ' ' ' ' ' t ' ' ' ' ' 0'· of ' ' ' •• ' ' ' '• QO lFID Sl'i'i h J j ' ' '- i' ' · 9· # • i ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' CW We need to bolatcr the' defensive ' 't po'Oit ' of Pakistan aga nst possihle attack from oUt'side sUbcontinent ' ' the ' ilrl m ay 'have'beeu the caGe during the height at the Cold War ' ut the argument is no longer valid Not only iG the danger of ' '''i'''''''''' 'Comril ini'rl'i ''a gre' 5ioidn th s u c9n neut · lw tt t to y • b t ' ' ' hiatol Y har shown that the arming o t vo hoctilo·a ilico··lcnds··to·'thc·r · · '·· ' · t ' · r us'a Of those ll eapons· agains t each l tho r • ¥o o ' 'c · s 1 rp ds 'points out tho rntjonalc for tl11pplying arms to tndia Pa l fstan ' i ' ·loet its appeal a th jOl itica l oElta -f the oliey cci m too high 'and after the 1965 wa r II 1 ' ' ' ' 1Ie havc mo'ral obH at£on tt 8er'Vi with spare parts the miUtnl'Y h dwa re we pro vided to Pakiatnn in past years To apeak of a moral oo1i gation in ner idr lg goods is to ignore the larger moral question of selling a rma to a pOOl country especially where there is a strong possibility of their being us d gainllt another poor count ty Unless sales agroemonts or treaty obligations pl ovid'e otherwiDe the GOP haD legal basia to 'd mand flpares In international issues such as Uus rule of tho shopkeeper hnfJ no place ' c no ' All of this is not to deny either th9 right or pr l tieal nocesaity of Pakistan to maint i an ar y In b e modol u nation- state armies havo bocome a noeming nttribute of sovoreignty Questions of military priorities and arm' bl d 1ot1 are lor individual governments to decide Yet our policies should be dcaia-ned to encourage l'eduction rather than oxpansion or mHitary forces • While e l'miea ·often porform social and developmental Iunction l in devoloping countl'ioo 13 ch is not the ca se in Pakistan whore the constant throat of confrontation with lndia is uppermost j B wnds Op Cit at3Z3 COHii'IDEllQ'IAL ---- '- of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 ' I ' 601 1 iri O 14Yt1tL 4 0° --- t' ' I 10 - ' ' ' ' j ' • • I ' ' •••• ' ' • ' • • ' ' 'I ' • t ' 0 C T If we refuse to farnish arms then 'some 1t otb er country will I ' 1 'l 'h t mar or'may not be sO As the scena ios suggest PreBs' ' d ent Bhutto may not be unhappy with an OXCUtlO for curtailing the ambition of his generals Even a dela y in pro uram ent could po-sitiv61y a£ ect t he dc velo ement· deci·a ions being m'ade in Pakistan Pakistan like most gow l'nments h t its developn'Hint-niin'ded ' • • • • Ito ' 0 ••• '0 •••• t· • 0'1' •• •• t 'J • 1 ' •• •• ' •• ' ' ' • ofnci ln· a-s v e l as ltl l 'l k W pe t o up F rt tJ le former But even if Pakistan- finds ome other source' '1I e' a v·oiii'behl ·g ' t •• iutmtified with arms hich -gain may wind up on u battlefield v ith another friondly pow r · ' ' ' - ' ' l 1 I 1 ··· ·· 'i· · '·· · · 'r'· ' ' ' cc ARBaron AD DP '- I F' I I GO 'i 'HHiiiTI L ------ of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980086 Date 09 12 2017 J ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980160 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' X ' · · ' ' L - ' 0 ' ' _ ' - l Enc B RELEASE IN PART 861' ' '1 Analysis of June 2S Note'Verbale and Oral Statements made by Personal Emissaries - The most recent indication of Bongo's lack of interest in maintaining good-faith relations was the behavior of his three personal emissaries with plentipotentiary powers who tried to obtain the export license wi thin 24 hours and l7hen unsuccessful called upon a Deputy Assistant Secretary in AF and made a number of false statements both orally and in writing For example I ' ·1 I I I ' ' Roland Bru the head of the delegation stated that he was only the advisor to Bongo and knew nothing about airlines or' airplanes yet our files show him as a Director of the Air Transport Company of Gabon Bru a Faccart man is bitterly anti-American j I M Richon another member of the delegation a French Vice Presid nt of UTA denied that UTA has maintained the first DC-8 yet UTA performed an engine change on the plane despite our efforts to prevent spare parts from reaching the DC-S Richon is also vi th Foccart All three delegates denied any knowledge of the existence of the first DC-S and responded with silence when asked if the plane was not being used by Affretair Given the fact that all three Frenchmen are close advisors af Bongo who has been several times ·told about the USG's concern about the use of the first DC-8 and who knows it is a factor in our delaying is u tnce of 'the license for' the second plane these denials are hardly credible - ' The delegation presented a note discussing the history pf Bongo's interest in acquiring the second plane see Tab E · The not s' false statements are rebutted below p 2 pgh 2 EXIM did not offer any assurances of a favorable decision r since they have grave doubts about the use of the plane _ p 2 pgh 5 Anilias'sador t-1cKesson told Bongo during his visit in April that vIe had ser ious problems 'with the· second plane· because of the mi5 Use of the fi'rst plane Bongo was very angry UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980160 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C179891 q J ate 09 12 2017 ' r · · · ····· I - - ' ' • - '---- - - ' ' -' _ ----_ • '-'''''' _ _ - - ' ' '·' -1 - i i 2 I i I ' i I J ' I p 2 last pgh we have explicitly'stated our reservations pertaining to mis-use p 3 pgh 1 it was the USG'wh ch took the initiative to require documents establishing bona fide use of the second plane Bongo has told us orally that he plans to use the second plane to 'set Up a competing airline ou side UTA p 3 pgh c I ••••• 1 ' pg 3 pgh 2 Bongo did not inform DAU ers only the Secretary General who has no authority to make decisions Moreover the letters from the OAU officials simply acknowledge his' having informed them' of his intent to make the purchase no approval was given pg 2 last pgh objections about Gabonese violations of sanctions were raised orally and in writing at the OAD summit pg 4 pgh 1 Gabon's attachment to principles of African solidarity e g support for sanctions have frequently been shown to be non-existent pg 4 last pgh The undoubtedly circumstantial incidents could better be described as premeditated violation by the GOG of oral and written assurances to the USG concerning use of the first plane • I i • • •j i ' J •• AF c -I___--' 0-- 9 24 74 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980160 Date 09 12 2017 B6 co 6415400 71ED · -' - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415400 Date 10 11 2017 I RELEASE IN PART 86 UNCLASSIFIED SIP f1ACASEY BJJM EXT 29716 S P ALAr E 11-3-7 S P-OF DSKINNEY S' P Cf ARRAR om Y SIP ROUTINE MANILA DISSENT CHANNEL 86 E O 116S2 N A TAGS N A -- F t 3 1 DSK SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF FOR - ' - MANILA 17279 1 -__---- ___--11 86 FROM SIP-LAKE 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE OF NOVEMBER 2 1977 MR CURTIS FARRAR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL THE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR THE BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN AFFAIRS AND THE ADI'lINISTRATOR FOR THE AGEt C' fOR I HERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WE COMMEND YOUR USE'OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POS I8LE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SY8MITTED YY UNCLASSIFIED L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415400 Date 10 11 2017 co 641693 5 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416935 Date 10 11 2017 i -- -- - - - - - l f D J ' u2u r- RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 W hing on D C 20520 March 21 1977 O'ea rl-C_-_____ 86 This letter is in reply to your dissent channel message of February 25 having to do with U S policy concerning participation by the Socialist Republic of vietnam SRV in various international monetary organization's chiefly the IMF IBRD and ADB It is correct as you indicate that U S policy in recent months has been to treat as premature SRV participation in international fiscal activities which involve th se o ga izations But it also is true that since the advent of the new Administration there has been considerable move ent and change of direction with respect to this policy The U S no longer opposes SRV membership in U N specialized agencies It has dropped some restrictions involving shipping to the SRV Perhaps most important from the point of view of your memorandum the U S no longer will raise objections to loans and programs for the SRV undertaken by the multinational financi l institutions such as you mention as long as the normal procedures and technical requirements applicable to any recipient 'country are met It is our position that any assistance provided the SRV should be in conformity with the policies and procedures of the orga ization concerned Such assistanc'e must meet the particular institution's economic and technical criteria and the SRV must carry out fully its obligations to them In this connection we believe that Vietnam's experience with the IMP in coming months will serve as a useful indicator of the extent to which membership in IFI's foster's the liberalization you speak of vietnam IS record with the· IMP also will likely affect its prospects I I ASIA DCS - Room 3311 D Agency for International Development Washin§tbn D C 20520 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416935 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641693 5 IED u s De artn t of State Case N f- 01 6-07 4 o No C06416935 --- -- - -- ' --'- ---- -'-' _'-'-' ' '----- - Date 10 11 2017 _-'-''-'-- - - --- --' - -'- - -- 2 - q for eventual project assistance from institutions with similar obligations such as the World Bank ann the Asian Development Bank We are prepared to keep an open mind in regard to vietnam's relationship with the IMP but in the interim cannot prejudge our position on the merits 6f specifi c projects for which Vietnam may request assistance from other institutions in the future J While U S policy at this writing is not total'ly contiguous· with the proposals which you advance i t seems correct to say that the sense of your suggestions and the direction U S foreign policy is'moving on this matte now ssentially are in harmony I would conclude therefore that the burden of your dissent message largely has been overtaken by vents We thank you for your lett r 'and appreciate your concern which is one we all share that efforts be made to improve and normalize relations between the U S and Vietnam ' I I Sincerely J i I J Anthony Lake Director policy Planning Staff Clearances SjP - r Pike Q t EA - Mr Carroll' v EBjIFDjODF - Mr Adams O P - Mr BOyer UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416935 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 UNCLASSIFIED Departnlent 'of State PAGE Dl OR IGJlI SS I 5 mo 9841 STATE 3141H Tom WfiSl OCT-Ol 5S0'03 ISO-DB ceO·SD 1015 R DRAFTEO 8Y S S-O lR ACFARLAIlE LiG APPROYED BY S S-O LRI J CF ASL AilE DEC 16 ZFFf HI SECSTATE VIASHDC TO USDH SECRETARY ILII EDIAU orIel iS STIllE 3Hl64 TOSEC 3UIS7 10m Hal67 GHARST 69 or EnGEViOOD Ill AS HE WAS PASSlflG au A BUS ·m POll CHIAII JUI PED Off 1H£ BUS AIID Wi MI ARMED MI II TRYU G TO CLIMB IIITD A STAT 10fl WRGON WITHOUT lICEIiSr PlAiES ImlCN SPED Ofr WITHOUT HIM ·jARABIA LEYVA FIRED AT THE MArl aUl IISSEO IRAHRA ALBA REPORTED lHEI IAIl ESCAPED 11ll0 THE rlEAR6Y UfiDERBRUSH ·I lSIDE THE CAR POll CE FOU lO CHARST'S SOH AIID THAT OF HIS 4HERR OLD DAUGHTER tUElI GHARST BRO l' SlUllt'EO 011 THE FROIH SEAT IliA ·THEY HAD TAGS 31m ·················-3119221 nH391 fH o 31lSC8Z E O 11m SlATE awl SHOT III THE nCE rROt POWT-BlArIK RAUGE SOPrf SUBJECT PRESS iTEMS Of TRAVEL III SIIIALOA 'IBARRA SAIO IlEARlY la9 ARMEO POLICEMEU YUE COIITIIIUItlG TO tOllB THE WOODED HILty AREA FOR THE KILLERS HOIlEVER oEUSE FOG I IPEO D THE HUHl FOR com FROIJ OHRATIOflS cEllm rOUO'lllflO ARE TflIl urmEO PRESS INTERNATIONAl rURE STOR I ES on TRAVEL III SI11AlOA I ·ORIVIIiG III lEXICO BY IVAfI 'IAlTE IFROtl WASHINGTOII ·THE J I ER CAlI AUTOMOBILE ASSOCIATION TODAY 't'lARIIED AMERICAfI TOURISTS TO VOrD SEVERAl BAflOIHIIF STEG HIi HWAY$ III THE VIISTERII t XlCAN SlATES OF SIIIAlOA AND BAJA CALlfORNIA 'THE ASSOCIATIOII SAID IT YIAS TOLD BY THE SlATE DEPAWIEflT'S BUREAU OF SECURITY AND COIISULAR AFFIARS TKAT'SlIler MAY HIGHWAY BAriO IlS HAVE UURDEREO SEVERAl AMrR ICAnS HI1ClUDWG A FATHER ArlO AUGHTER au CHRISTI IAS DAY Aim ROBBED At I£ ST MIO HER IS THE BAiIDITS HAVE G lIERAllY TAKEIl AllOr THE IJOlORISTS' POSSESSIONS I ICLUOIUG THEIR VEHICLES ' AAA SAID HI A SIMILAR I' ARNIIiG A 'EEK AGO THE ASSOCIATIOfl URGED PRES IDEtIf JOSE tOPEL PORT ILLO TO ElIMlilATE HAZARDS ·AC COROIIIG TO T E REPORT TilE STATion WAGON WAS SEW III A GASOLINE SIATIOn II THE VillAGE OF EL PAll lIO ABOUI aD MIlES EAST OF THIS PACIFIC PORT lIERE CHARST ANO HIS' DAUGHTER HAD STomo TO REfUEL TRE lR REO ArlO I' ' ITE • C01 l' I CT CAR THEY APPARENtlY WERE 011 THE 18 WAY TO DURANGO fROIJ t AZATl AU -WlHlESStS THE REPORI SAl D SAYI IHRtE lOIlG-HA IRED YOUTHS HI THE STAlIOII 'fAGeN OUE IlEARlflG A us ARMY CAP FOllOW THE GHAR$I EH ICLE 'THE SLAYlllGS OCCURRED JUST THREE MILES FROM THE US STAT 1011 'GHARST Aroal lER HACHEA Arln HIS DAUGHTER A HACHER III THE ARCOLA ILL SCHOOL SYSTEM Vl£RE Or A 1l0TORING lOUR or MEXICO ·LIEAHWH IlE THE AllER I AU AUTOIJOB ILE ASSOC IAII OIl QUOTHIG THE us mTE DEPARHIEIIT THURSDAY WARNED THAT lRAVEL III SINALO IIIVOLVEO 'SUBSTArH1AL RISK ' FACING TOURISTS AIiD OlHERS lRAVElIIIG IN l EXICO ·'SINCE TIIEII THE SlTUATIOrl HAS Gonw waRSE' FOR AMERICA IS lit THOSE LiEXICAII AREAS ACCORDlf G TO A STAT£ Itllf RElEASED TODAY BY AAA • '1I0ST OF THE HICIDEUIS HAYE OCCURRED Oil HIGHWAY 15 rlUR tHE CITY 01' CULIACAN III THf flOHTHWfSIEAJI STATE OF SIIIAUIA III RECENT DAYS THE I IEXICAfI ARMY HAS HEll CAllED III TO STEU A WAVE OF CRII AIm VIOtEIlCE III THAT AREA ·ACCORDIIIG TO lHE STm DEPAaiIJErlT SlIleE MAY lORE THAll 1 HIGHWAY ROseU1ES IIiVOL VIlle AUERICAIIS HAVE aWl REPORTED If SIlIAlDA ' 112131 16 D6 911 ROB IffSOIl ·AIIA lIICH HAS MORE THAfI L8 BlltlDU IJEI IBERS III T E UNITEO STATts ArID CANADA OUDTED A STArE UEPARnJEIH SPOKESlWI AS SAY IIlG THE lEXI CArl GOVERfIf n fn VEtIWAll Y Will SE SUCCESSfUL III G01ITROlllHG THE Strum ON ·'HOwrVER III ALL CAII OR lit CAll ONl V AVVJSE AMERICA LlOToR ISIS THAT FOR TH£ TII BE IIIG IJOTOR TRAVEL THROUGH OR IN SinALOA EllTAILS SU ST l IIT1Al RISK ' THE STATE DEPARTI IWl SPOKEStlAl1 JOLD AU tKE ASSOCIUIOJl AlSO llSTtn AS RISKY SOliE REMOTE HiGHWAYS IN BAJA CALI FORJlU • J2IlJlIl6 1J3 W Z ·lIjQ BYllrlEJ--tIAZATlArI I fXICO -- pOllet SAY A PASSIIIG POllCE U N FlREO OIl THE POSSIBLE KillERS Dr AN ILlllIOIS LlltliSTER AtID HIS DAUGHTER CHRISmAS DAY AS THR E I tEU FlED THE StEllE Of tHE SLAW'G - ·It A mORT PU8LISHED THURSDAY SIIlALOA STATE POUCE CHIEF AIIORES IBARRA AlBA SAID POLICEMAN UAllUH SARABIA lEYVA SPOTTED THE PARTIAllY OVERTURIIEO m OF JOH O UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431083 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431098 Date 11 13 2017 3E IN - L IIVII I t U un· Ild AL U t Departnlent Of State PAGE 0'1 OR lGIN INFO STATE OUTGO IN G TELEGRAM f0'61J35 2614 P-02 OCTROI ES-Ol Iso-rrcr PART 86 IB 4 R -- BY SIP J FOR BES APPROVEO BY SIP nORBES SIP NABOYER SUBSTANCE DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S SIS SIP ONLY ORA FTE 0 --------------- - 120321Z rri2ff90 162 R 112153Z JAN 77 SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY BRIDGETOWN 86 - FM LIMITED OFfiCIAL USE STATE 006035 DISSENT CHANNEL FDRj -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _1LO 11652 N A TAGS EAID BB XL r SU8 J EC INC REA SED STAF FIN G - ROO Ie THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT TELEGRAM ON INCREASED STAFFING MR MI'CHAEL ELY OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN DESIGNATED TO COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORD-ANCE WITH STANDARD DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES COPIES OF YOUR CA lE HAVE BEEN SENT TO - THE OFfiCES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE ASSIST NT SECRETARY fOR INTERAMERICAN AFfAIRS THE DIRECTOR Of AIO THE DIRECTOR Of THE POLICY PLANNING STAff AND THE CHAIRMAN Of THE'OPEN FORUM WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND Will RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE vI EWS WH I CH YOU HAVE SUB MIT TE D ROBINSON 1 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431098 Date 11 13 2017 ---- '86 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471961 Date 01 11 2018 ---- ---- ------ DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTION MEMORANDUM SIS y LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LIMDIS April 17 1972 TO The Secretary FROH S PC - Wil iam L carg O c r Dissent The Soviet Union and Vietnam In accordance with established procedures Mr I EUR SOV has sent me the attached memorandum taking issue with current policy activities ith respect to Vietnam in the context of their impact upon ehe US Sovl et relations I have sent copies of 1r Perry IS memorandum to Alex Johnson Marshall Green and Harty Hillenbrand I believe the message should l c bc sent to the Chairman of the Open Forum Panel and I ask that you authorize me to do so For S PC Joe Neubert will undertake to coordinate lith EA and EUR an appropriate r ply to I I 86 86 Recommendation That you authorize me to send a copy ofl memorandum to the Chai an of the Open Forum '- p-a-n-ec --l -·----' J£u b consideration 3S OFF ffiay ohoose to t Attachment APPROVE April 17 Dissent Nemoi·andum 86 I --- DISAPPROVE _ __ DISCUSS PV 71 '-- LIHITED OFFICIAL USE LIMDIS j ' i· IJ ' Drafted S PC Jioflile iJ be'r-t vc 20j58 - -' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471961 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTM ENT OF STATE We hlnilon D C ' 20520 RELEASE IN PART 8Sj July 30 1982 CeNPlf'EM' IAL 86 1800 G Street N W Washington D C 20550 Dear Mr Greenberg Thank you for your thoughtful and cogent Dissent Message It received wide distribution within the Department and many of the issues you raised were given careful consideration in our review of Alliance policy preceding the Versailles and Bonn Summits It was useful to have your views as these deliberations took place and continues to be so as our Alliance policy evolves still further Your general points'regarding sanctions will be kept in mind as we develop our East-West policies and certainly many of your points are congruent with the President's recent decision on exports of energy technology to the USSR r This having been said the basic dilemmas you pose will continue to preoccupy members of the Department for some time to corne Let me share with you the basic assumptions governing the Department's approach to Alliance relationships and East-West issues First the US strategic interest in maintaining a str ong and effective alliance of free nations transcends both the frustration that we experience and the costs that we bear when Europeans follow political and economic· policies that are incongruent with our own Second the broad commonality of interests' between America and Western Europe -- in deterring Soviet aggression and preserving our democratic and free market economic systems is much more important than the various divergencies that arise over specific economic and security issues Third the United States cannot successfully go it alone -- whether through isolation or unilateral ism -- in a hostile and dangerous world Cooperation among the' small fraternity of industrial democracies is more important than ever ·if America is to ensure its security and achieve its policy objectives in the complex world of the 1980s ' eonFIBBlJTIAL RDS 3 '·7 30 92 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 't -i -2- CONFI9ENTIAt J Obviously I a·s in any alliance there is a point at which the negative effects o divergent policies overcomes the positiv aspect of the alliance itself • If this point of divergence were reached it would not be in our interests to maintain our alliance posture to the degree that we do today' Events' of the last l'JIonths have had an erosive effect on the solidarity and climate for cooperation within the Alliance and some voices in Congress and the public have begun to question the net v alue of the Alliance for U S interests' TI l s having b en said we believe that the interests that unite the U S and the Europeans are' far greater than the· current transitory diff'erences As you know very well from' your service in Europe current differences among the Allies are neither a new nor surprising feature of post-war Alliance history Sixteen nations of differing size wealth geography history culture and power are bound to see their respective interests through national lenses indeed 'national differences generated two European civil wars earlier in the 20th century_ What is truly remarkable about the'Atlantic Alliance is not the frequent emergence of national differences but the degree of Allied solidarity that has been manife'st and the cons ' quent peace and prosperity that two generations of Americans and Europeans have njoyed As the President indicated at the Bonn'NATO Summit our ability to deal with diversity is the basic st'rength 'of the Alliance and the quality that most sets us apart from tne Sovi t Union in relation to its satellites On any given set of issues Al iance po itics require us to weigh the costs and benefits of trying to pre s for European support Too' heavyhanded a US approach could cause other allies to pursue an even more independent and narrowly self interested course f action That said however the' benefits of allied collaboration can only be derived lof our European partners do in fact cooperate' Thirty-seven year's after WWII this does not mean signing on the·US dotted-line Each of our allies has its own national interests and aspirations But you are quite right in pointing out forcefully that there is room for considerable improvement in Alliance cooperation and that the US should seek greater European support of American policy goals--goals which are in the common interest -- NATO's conventional defense posture remains unsatisfactory despite progress in the LTDP and the recent US FRG Host-Nation Support Agreement We regard the Bonn Declaration on Conventional Defense as a mandate for action CO iFIDEN'i'IAI UNCLASSIFIED U S D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 -3eeNPI EM'fIAL Arms con trol must be pursued in a vigorous and realistic manner and the INF deployment element of the December 1979 two-track decision must be implemented on schedule unless the Geneva talks succeed before then - - Increased access to Western technology and credits has strengthened Soviet military power Allied cooperation must be improved in this area We intend to follow-up the Versailles admonition for greater prudence on East-West credits and the COCOM work limiting technology transfer ' -- European energy relationships with the Soviet Union have been qf deep concern to the US and 'the President's recent decision should communicate to our allies that we are serious in our concern about energy dependence on the USSR Soviet access to hard currency and Soviet lack of responsiveness·on the issue of repression in Poland We need to do better in deve loping· common policies· toward the Soviet Union This will not be easy given differing appraisals of ·the detente experience of the 1970s and the 'national interests of the Alliance partners The President has made clear that we will be focusing on Soviet deeds rather than words in formulating US policies This will be very impoutant in the area of sanctions vis-a-vis the Soviet Union and the Jaruzelski regime in Warsaw In this perspective I believe the 'Administration is pursuing many of the goals that you advocate so vigorously in your Dissent Message The major difference between us appears to be over the tactics most likely to achieve these objectives But th se tactical differences are important ones with sisn'ificant implications for both allied relations and broader us interests You ne quite ight that tlie United States fought two major wars to stop Soviet-backed aggression in the Third World I also note your point that the allies should not pursue pract·ices that make similar wars for the United States' more likely and costly The issue is how to gain allied support for US policies'after a lengthy period of Soviet military buildup and in the face of Western economic difficulties and memories of earlier S vacillation ' This Administration is seeking to reverse these economic and military trends at home and overseas We must recognize that patience and determination are the twin ingredients of a diplomacy that can enlist the support of sometimes uncertain allies We int'end 1 -0 persevere toward these goals which e6 F BBN'UAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 4 ' - ' -4COtiFHlEM'fIAL appear to be consistent with your own But the vitality of the Allian e its importance to US interests and the nature of the Soviet threat prevent me from supporting your pessimistic conclusion that lithe United States must radically rethink the place of 'the alliance in its priorities and wnat the proper political economic 'and public relations posture of the United States toward the Europeans should be given present trends in Europe and the likely challenges facing the United States in the coming decade Trade-offs whether i plicit or explicit are the very essence of diplomatic relationships even among allies' But I cannot subscribe to your recomme·ndation that we apply a policy of linkage with respect to the Europeans that in its most extreme fqrm would make u S support for'European defense contingent on European cooperation on economic sanctions against the Soviet Union First U S troops are in Europe to support our own security objectives not just those of the Europeans Second once we start treating the Europeans like adversaries rather than allies--by applying the harsh forms of linkage that you seem to suggest -- we will have created the conditions for a self- ulfilling prophecy tha t none of us want to see come to pass On some of the specific measure that you sugges t let me respond by saying that -- The attention that you call to U S vers s Eu opean contributions to NATO as perc ntages of G N P must be counterbalanced with an appreciation of what is purchased with the European·contribut on The Europeans provide the' vast majority of the manpower deployed in the European theater on a regular basis 90% of NATO'S land forces 80% of its naval forces and 75% of it air fore e ' After 30 days of'mobilization the European allies would still provide 75% of the ground forces 50% of the air forces and 30% of the naval forces The Europeans also provide a substantial part of the equipment and a significant percentage of the'infrastructure of NATO thereby making a major contribution to the conventional deterrent to Soviet aggression -- Imposition of technology controls on exports to Western Europe in order to le el greater European cooperation in implementing strategic controls on trade with the Soviet Union is likely not only to exacerbate alliance relationships but also to have a counter-productive opposite effect in the economic sphere The Europeans possibly would see it in their interests to attempt to develop their own subs1 itutes for u S comp'onents CONFIBBN'fIAL _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476533 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431986 Date 11 13 2017 r'J- f - o 1f'- -rtt - - -1 A G'I G TION JC Jartl7lent r Sl f le COpy PAGE 01 ACT ON '§E l INFO CANSER 08769 150-00 OCT-01 Is01S8Z INCOMING TELEGRAM - 2335 -'L ES-01 004 W ------------------065300 IBI412Z 145 R 160130Z DEC 77 FM AMEMSASSY CANBERRA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1985 INFO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE LIMITED OFFICIAL FOR EA ANP e A RA EO 11652 NA TAGS ELAB AS SU13JECT OISSEN1' ELECTIONS REF I USE MELBOURNE CANBERRA 8769 S IL CHANNIOL S P AND DEPT M SSAGE OF LABOR SIGNIFICANCe OF AUSTRAL r N 2530 I REFTEL I 86 TRANSMITTED Lt BOR POLITICAL OFFICER COMMENTS ON CANBERRfo ' S REPORT AUSTRAL IAN ELECl IOI AFTERM ITH GIST OF I I COMPL INT IS THAT HE WAS NOT OFFEREO AN OPPORTUNlTY TO COMMENT ON IT 1 Is 01 SSE NT EMBASSY WISHES TO DRAw READERS' ATTENTIONS TO THE FACT THAT AUSTR LIA HAS JUST GONE THROUGH A FIVE-WEEK NATIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN WHICH WAS OVERWHELMINGLY OOMINATED BY LABOR AND ECONOMIC-RELATED ISSUES THE POWER OF UNIONS THE IRRESPONSIBILITY OF A SMALL NUMBER OF LEFTIST-ORIENTED UNION LEADERS THE fRASER GOVE RNME NT'S LABOR LEGISLATION UNEMPLOYMENT J08TRAINING SCHEr-4eS FOR YOUNG WORKERS THE ROLE OF MIGRANTS IN I LABOR FORCE REBATE OF THE PAYROLL TAX AS 1 MEANS OF STiMULATING EMPLOYMENT ANO ECONOMIC ISSUES SUCH S THE IMPORTS-CAUSED DISPLACEMENT OF AUSTRALIAN wORKERS IN DOMESTIC INDUSTRIES INFLATION RE-STRUCTURING THE AUSTRALIAN MANUFACTURING SECTOR TO MAKE IT MORE COMPETITIVE AND SO ON DURING THIS F'IVE WEEK CAMPAIGN THERE A SINGLE REPORT F'ROM LABOR POLITICAL ATTACHE WHO IS RESIDENT IN MELBOURNE EMBASSY ALSO WISHES ATTENTION TO THE CONCURR NT LACK OF A SINGLE REPORT FROM LA8ATT OUT INING ANALYZING AND COMMENTING UPON THE F'RASER GOVERNMENTS RECENT LASOR LEGlSLATION WHICH WAS ENACTED IN THE LATTER PART OF AUGUST AND WHICH HAD NO SMALL PART IN PROVOKING THE NATIONAL ELECTION IN THE FIRST PLACE 2 3 IN VIEW OF THE ABSENCE OF ANY REPORTING FROM THE LAEIATT DUR NG THE NATIONAL ELECTION CAMPAIGN WE ARE DISMAYED TO NOW READ HIS PROTEST ALMOST A FULL WEEK AFTER THE ELECTION AT NOT HAVING SEEN OFFERED AN OPPORTUNITY TO COMMENT UPON THE EM8ASSY' S POST RPT POST-ELECTION REPORT 4 FAR FROM SUPPORTING Is WELL-KNOWN VIEW THAT IT IS AN ERROR TO SHIF'I IHE LOCUS dF LABOR REPORTING FROM MELBOURNE TO CANBERRA WE FIND BOTH THE ABSEN j'''' '''' II'''''' POLITICAL REPORTING OURING THIS ELECTION liND l _S COMPLAINT THAT HE WAS NOT OFFERED AN OPPORTUNITY TO COMMENT ON CAN8ERRA'S REPORTING TO BE PERSUASIVE JUSTIFICATION FOR THE DECISION TO BASE SUCCESSOR IN CANBERRA -- WHERE HE WILL 8E A FULL PARTICIPATING MEMBER OF THE COUNTRY TEA ALSTON -- 86 Irs LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - - -• • • - - - - - - - - - - - - - ------- -- ' • • p -- - - - - - - - - - • • • • • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • _ _ _ _ _ _ --0 ------ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431986 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431601 Date 11 13 2017 LEASE ' 11lI11 U VII t V l n t VVLo UUIUUII lU IN PART TEL EGRAM Departlnent Of Stat PAGE 01 STATE 0413i9 150-30 ONY-00 ORIGIN 2 f ll INFO OCT-01 0610 1003 R MACASEY DRAFTED BY SIP APPROVED BY SIP T AKE SIP ME Y 51 'NBOYER DESIREO DISTRIBUTION SIP ON Y ------------------241740 R 241657Z FEe 77 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AM£ MElASSY BOGOTA IMITED OFFICI '----86_--' 30329 42 USE STATE 041319 STADIS IIII II I I I IIII DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 EINV NIA CO SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMeNT MISSION REF SOGOTA 1639 FOR I I FROM AKE-S P THIS WI ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIP OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON THE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION MICHAE ELY OF THE POLICY P ANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPUL ATED DI STRI8UTI ON FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAr ER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY Pl ANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES FOR ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS AND INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNE AND WI REP Y AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431601 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446118 Date 12 11 2017 PAGE II ACTION INFO GONF IBENT IAL OC T - I ' Department of State ASUNCI 13645 ES- I R 87181SZ AUG 79 098414Z ADS-I 1 4 W ------------------125279 I N'C 0 n r1Vff-_ _- I ' TELEGRAM 1309 090511Z 17 AMEMBASSY ASUNCION TO SECSTATE WASHDC 6797 F eON F I b e 14 I RELEASE IN PART B6 t A 10 ASUNCION 3645 DISSENT CHANNEL E 12865 GDS 8 7 85 LI________________ I TAGS SHUM CU SUBJECT HUMAN RIGHTS AND' CUBA OR-E STATE 2 4763 I lAKE Tol I MEMO OF FEBRUARY o ICI I IDISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES OF JUNE 5 1979 AND NOVEM6E R 22 1978 REF I 1979 1 3 OUIET PERSISTENT DIPLOMACY IS C ERTAINLY BEST TACK FOR DEALING WITH COUNTRIE WITH WHOM WE HAVE LITTLE LEVERAGE ONE WAY TO INCREASE OUR LEV RAGE AND SPEED MOV MENT OF CUBAN EMIGREES WOUl BE TO OPEN DIRECT COMMERCIAL FLIGHTS ON REGULAR SCHEOULES BeTWEEN CUBA AND THE U S 4 ON QUESTION OF IMMIGRATION PROCEDURES FOR CUBANS AND OUR OLBIGATIONS UNDER THE 1965 MEMORANDUM OF UNDERSTANDING IMOUI REF B SAID L IS NOW LOOKING INTO THE QUESTION OF THE CONTINUING VALIOITY OF THE MOU AS AN INTERNATIONAL OBLIGATION ARE LEARNED ATTORNEYS OF L ARA GOING TO GIVE US THE BENEFIT OF A MEMORANDUM OF 'LAW IN TIME TO DO ANY GOOD OR WILL THEY LET EVENTS TAKE THEIR COURSE AND THEN REACT WITH SAME MIXTURE OF HILARITY AND DISMAY AS THEY 010 TO P'S DECISION ON THE DEPOSITS f i ' ICI - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RESPONSE OF AUGUST 6 DESIRED DISTRIBUTION OF THIS MESSAGE IS THE SAME AS MY NOVEMBER 22 1978 MESSAGE RE PARAGRAPHY 6 OF REF A I ONLY SUGGESTED THAT USG BE AGRESSIVE PROTECTING DUAL NATIONALS IN THE CASE OF ONE WHO WAS BEING TORTURED TO DEATH WITH THE SUGGESTEO ACTION BE THAT WE RAISE THE CASE AT AN EARLY OPPORTUNITY WITH GOC WE ARE IN FACT BEING ALLOWED TO SEE ONE DUAL NATIONAL PFUS ONER AND IN HONEYMOON PERIOD AFTER OPENING OF INTERESTS SECTIONS WHEN CUBANS HOPED FOR FURTHER WARMING wE POSSIBLY COULD HAVE GOTTEN AGREEMTN TO SEE OTHERS 5 IT IS HIGHLY SATISFYING THAT ALMOST ALL CUBAN POLITICAL PRISONERS WILL BE FREED BY SEPTEMBER HOWEVER BASED ON PAST PERFORMANCE IT WILL TAKE THE USG YEARS BEFORE THEY ARE BROUGHT TO THE U S I AM SURE THAT OUR CONSULAR OFFICERS IN HAVANA HAVE GREAT EMPATHY FOR THE PRISONERS ON AN INDIVIDUAL BASIS HOWEVER TIME ' CONSUMING HAND HOLDING DOES NOT ALLEVIATE NEED FOR SYSTEMATIC PLANNING WITHIN WELL DEFINED POLICY FRAMEWORK COORD NATEO WITH OTHER USG AGENCI S SUCH AS INS USINT HAVANA DID NOT MAKE A SINGLE SUGGESTION AS TO HOW TO MORE RAPIDLY MOVE PERSONS OUT OF CUBA WHILE I WAS ON DESK AND I GATHER THEY STILL HAVE NOT COME UP WITH ANY IDEAS TOUCHSTONE OF EFFECTIVENESS OF SUGGESTIONS BY INTER-AGENCY TEAM WILL BE SPEED WITH WHICH DUAL NATIONAL FAMILIES ARE • REPATRIATED CASTRO PROMISED TO LET- THEM GO OVER A YEAR AGO AND USG HAS FAILED TO REMOVE IMPEDIMENTS TO THEIR TRAVEL SUCH AS CATCH-22 THAT THEY SE REOUIRED TO HAVE EXIT PERMIT IN HAND BEFORE THEY CAN BE FULLY PROCESSED FOR IMMIGRANT VISAS OR PAROLE OION CONFIDENTIAL ' - 'UNCLASSIFIED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446118 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445690 Date 12 11 2017 -- ----------- ------ -- -- -- -------- ' ------- -------------- • _-- -- ' - -- ' - - -' ' ' • 4i -'R EL - E - A'--S--'-E-IN-FU-L LI -- - •_ _ _ _ _ _ ' tt --- _ ' - - _ - - - --- ••••••••••••••••••••• F 2 2 e Z A R 18 c s a UA ro S STA1 A6 CC TO i I 4e s _ I ·· '- 1 it • T 3F tT I5 PR B L TWAT NlA tLL ACT r± ItA ± Y_ 5 d C Tn Et I e L CT C e A E TO 3 INO FIN TEI Y P-ST J A L' LY F av T AT T E FNLA HAS FINALLY OEC%CEQ T A7 T 1T II P A MY XLL T T RVENE TO E Y IT A VICTORY _ IV THAT J R F Ai T ATT C S LA S RV TO TEST • AS P T GU SE A V I TE TIn CSI CE T IS OT CLEA WHO PROVOKED F T IT ALIO p SaI L T lT KPL AS ATTEMPTING TO GOAD FNLA I iO UT £ 1 T R S I - nOf T o- PCPiiJG r S A Wf JCUl l TAKE 'THE' I M eo ' 'w -eJ SUP 0RT Tu _lJ_ I 'I lI TS '- l Q' _ T T DS tRGUI G FU TO F' j L 1 t Np 1 ' '- L I EN ·''''r IJ AN EARLY MILITARY SOLUTION 'c 's u l J to ' 0 I 1 JOt ' • 1'1 ' I --- - ------- _- -- --_ -_ - - ' f - - _ - - - - - - - - -• - - --- - ------ -- - --- -- ------ --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445690 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445690 Date 12 11 2017 -- ---- - • I 0' '''' ' - - ' -i' • ' b- _-·· __ - - _ -- I ' w ' • I - - -- _- --- o • - ---' -- ---- - ---- -- •4 ' ' ' ' f '- ' il ' -' ' ' - - '- ' '- ' ' -' i ' ___ 1- F43 2 LUA A 1 441 ' ' - '-' ' '--_ _ __ _--'--_• '--- ----- 2 OF 2 ' i' 'I -- J _ ' t i L T t ' u • 22i gi 1 F t LEsa t5 L A A e CLEA IV TH A I ALX%EO l 'i' F 'r- ' ·il lr d SF T I 5 · 0 A P T LA O PI M CJ 7 7ri FFIC RS ThE EST E C P FGR IS DePLCV 7 S X ZV AL ITS T ROON O F TH M%TE y i ' ' ' 'I' C' L or ' ' 'Ll r w'- T 'V L Y p rIT CT' II r _ c • _ w 1 I I iL 12 ZT AP P S • VI TUA EqTA T H T' THE P TUGU S Aq y Eq LL OT r T V TO STOP LA PL4 FIRHTI G eVEN tF 1 w - i SV P ECEMEALl 1 • A I JP A C ae TO TSf A PPJ T A C PC T' A O PRCT CT ' EIR OWN ' i '1' 'l' - ' ri l' R A 3 CA - S l' I L t· 0 T 3 E 1 N n ' a • cn e P T T T X T eITY OF T F AHTX SE T W LL HONETHE ESS' TC L MIT' THa OF OUR Z U3 T JU T V ATT MPT%N2 N M ER i I T·N· 1 ' 1 B S' • A' Tr ' TS T US - ___ I • _ _ i t I ' • • II co nw Ni%AI • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445690 Date 12 11 2017 ------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431987 Date 11 13 2017 n iJ l1 · ' 'ACT I ON - COpy OFFICIAL USE OCT-01 e 5-01 TELEGRAM 2794 160532Z 150-00 1004 W ------------------067468 1616002 23 160345Z DEC 77 FM AMCONSUL MEL80URNE TO SECSTATE wASHoe 4 91 INFO AMEMBASSY CAN8ERRA R RELEASE IN PART INCOMING DelJartl1zent f' Sta te MELBOU 025f5 PffGE I'll ACTION 2P- INFO l L'TItn riJlJlJTJU1 J LIMITED 86 - 1 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE MELBOURNE 2555 DISSENj CHANNEL 11652 NA SUBJECT OISSENT CHANNE L MESSAGE PROSPECTS FOR THE NEXT THREE YEARS E 0 REF MEL80URNE INDUSTRIAL UNREST IN AUSTRALIA- 1929 I THIS MESSAGE TRANSMIT'S A DISSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOINT OF LABOR POLItICAL OFFICER I I WHO R'EOUESTS THAT S P DISTRIBUTE COPIES NOT ONLY TO THOSE LISTEO ON PAGE 4 OF THE DEPARTMENT'S A-307 BUT TO MR DALE GOOD 5 H AND MR DONALD HARRIS EA RA SEE REFTEL FOR BACKGROUND_ B6 AS I PREPARE TO LEAVE MELBOURNE I WOULD LIKE TO MAKE A FEW FINAL REMARKS ON THE EXTREMELY IMPORTANT SU8JECT OF INOU5TRIA UNREST IN AUSTRALIA THEY ARE AS FOLLOWS 2 A DESPITE THE FRASER GOVERNMENT' 5 KNEE JERK POLICY OF PLACING THE BLAME FOR INDUSTRIAL UNREST ALMOST ENTIRELY ON COMMUNISTS AND OTHER IDEOLOGICALLY MOTIVATED OR lRRESPONSI8LE OR GREEDY ELEMENTS THERE I S NO OUE 0 VI ATSOEVER MIND THAT THE PRINCIPAL INDUSTRIAL RELA IONS ISSUES ENT tIME IE H t SPECIAL URANIUM ISSUE ARf ISSUES WHICH we I -rHE UNITED STATES WOULD PLACE SQUARELY IN THE 8READ A D BUTTER CATEGORY 1 E ISSUES BORN OF LEGITIMATE or A ACTION ITH R ' 5 ECONOMIC PIE 8E CUT UP AND APPORTlPNED IN MY OPINION WE MAKE A VERY SERIOUS MISTAKE IN JUDGEMEN WHENEVER WE JOIN THE EMPLOYERS AND THE NEWSPAPERS IN APPLAUDING THE SIMPLE-MINDED AND SHORT-SIGHTf D PRACTICE OF INVARIA8LY BLAMING THE sOUEAKING WHf EL FOR THE FACT THAT IT NEEDS OIL 8 7 C JUDGING IN PART FROM THE FRASER GOVERNMENT'S G EiUDlU -Y PARTIS_AN INDUSTRI AL RELAT IONS PERFORMANCE DUfiU G l tJ E P ST TVitl Y IN PART FRUM-t i'S t frol3 A8LE-'A5sUMPTION ITS RECENT ELECTORAL VICTORY CONSTITUTED A VINDICATION OF THIS PERFORMANCE I DOUBT VERY MUCH THAT IT HAS WHAT IT WILL TAKE IN TERMS OF eASIC SENSITIVITY OR THE ABILITYTO PERCEIVE THAT THERE ARE ALWAYS AT T TWO SIDES TO EVERY OUESTION TO MOYE SIGNIFICANTLY AWAY F OM INDUSYRIAL-CONFRONTATION AND TOWARD CONCILIATION AND CONSULTATION - -------------- DURING THE NEXT THREE YEARS - D UNFORTUNATEL Y IF GOVERNMENT UNION BASHING WHICH HAS ALREADY PLAYED A MAJOR ROLE IN PRODUCING AND EXACERBATING INDUSTRIAL UNREST IN AUSTRALIA CONTINUES TO PLAY THE SAME ROLE DURING THE NEXT THREE YEARS tHE PRINCIPAL BENEFICIARIES WIL L CONTINUE TO BE THE MORE MILITANT ELEMENTS WITHIN THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT WHO THRIVE ON HARD LINE GOVERNMENT ATTITUDES AND POLICIES 3 GIVEN THE FOREGOING I 8ELIEVE THAT ONE OF THE PRlNCIPAL CONSEOUENCES OF THE FRASER GOVERNMENT'S RECENT ELECTORAL VICTORY WILL BE AN INDEFINITE CONTINUATION OF SERIOUS INDUSTRIAL CONFRONTATION AND DISRUPTION BRAND -'- _-- -- -_ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ---- --- - - - --------- - - ---- - _-_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431987 Date 11 13 2017 - --------- - - -- - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431604 Date 11 13 2017 r--- --------- RELEASE IN PART 86 Waslllneton D C 20 March 3 f 1977 1 1EMORANDUM TO FRDryl SUBJECT Ato ASIA PT - ______________ l' SIP - A thon Dissent Channe elations Message with Vietnam Normalization 6f Steps Along the Way ' This will acknowledge the receipt of' your dissent paper on norma1j zation of re1ati'ons with Vietnam Douglas Pike of the Policy Planning Staff has been·named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In adcordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the O ffices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy P1aqning Sta f and the Chairman of the Open Forum in addition to the Assistant Secretaries for East Asian Affairs and Economic and Business Affairs and the D rector of AID tve commend 'your'use of the dissent channel and vil1 reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431604 Date 11 13 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446123 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 'November · 27 19Z8 TO RA CCA - I FROM s P - Anthony SUBJECT Your DISSENT· CHANNEL 'epsage Entitl ed The State Department and Human Rights in Cuba 86 L This will ·acknowledge receipt of your Dissent Chapnel mes age on the above topic I have asked Richard eil berg of the Policy Planning Staff to coordinate substantive response to the issues you have raised In accordance with your·express wishes and stipulated diBtribution procedures a copy of your message has been circulated to the Office of ths Secretary the Deputy Secretary the Under Secretary for Political Affairs the Executive Secret ary vf the Department the Chairman of the Secretary I s Open Forum the Legal Advis er the Assistant Secretary for Consular Affairs the Assistant Secretary for Inter-American ffairs the Assistant Secretary for European Affair s the Assistant Secretary for Human ·Rights ana Humanitarian Affairs the Assistant ·Secretary for Comgressional Relations ·and the Director General of he Foreign Service 1 strongly commend your use olf the Dissent Channel and assure you that we ill respond as promptly as ·possible to the views yonu have submitted i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446123 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431988 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' • t • - • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Departl11 ent oj' S ate PAGE l ACTION MElBOU 02559 L INCOMING TELEGRAM 190218Z 7559 SP-U2 IRELEASE IN FULLI OCT-Ol· E5-01 INFO • ISO-flU 100'4 W ------------------0'94117 190222Z 161 R 19012 JZ DEC 77 fM AMCONSUL MELBO'URNE TO SECSTATE WASHOe 4193 INFO AMEMBASSY CANOERRA LIMITED OfFICIAL USE MELBOURNE 2559 OlSSENT CHANNEL fOR EA ANP E 0 11 52 SUBJ EA RA Sill SIP AND INR N A DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE SIGNlflANCE OF AUSTRALIAN ELECTIONS REF CANBERRA 8796 1 WE BSTE R' S NEW I NTE R j AT I ON Al Die T ION ARY S ECON D ED I T ION UNABRIDGED SAYS OECIMATE MEANS 1 TO TAKE THE TENTH PART 2 TO SELECT BY LOT AND PUNISH WITH DEATH EVERY TENTH MAN OF AS TO DECIMATE A REGIMENT FOR MUNITY 3 TO DESTROY A CONSIDERABLE PART OF AS'TO DECIMATE AN ARMY IN BATTlE TO DECIMATE A PEOPLE BY DISEASE OF 2 EVEN CANBERRA 8796 ODES NOT ARGUE THAT THIS IS WHAT HAPPENED TO THE ALP IN THE RECENT ELECTIONS BR'AN 0 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - -- -- -- -- '0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431988 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445693 Date 12 11 2017 - - RELEASE IN PART 86 8Ee E' i il0 2Z eee86 - • rSQ e ' W _ R 1 U45Z FM MAY'75 AMCO SU UAND TO SECSTATE WASHDC 5 i g MET DISSENT _ e4g meee _ _ w UANOA I4' ' CHANNE IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII E Q 1 6sai GOS 'TAGSi PFOR AD SUSJECT MP A'ANO U · O %CV TOWARD N oLA REF a UANOA A U 1 rHXS I 'THE FIRST·OF A THREE PART DISSENT fROM PDRTlONS OF UANOA ANNUAL PQ X V ASSESSM NT T E Q S$ENT%NG OFfICER lsi I XN THIS CASE A BUe'TANT%Vg ANSWER ODE' NCT AP EAR NECESSARV HgHEV R TME DRAeT%N FFX E8 REQU STS THAT 'TM S TE GRA BE MAOE AVA%LAa 'TOrO P RTMEN OFFZCERS WH O MUST OEVE OP ANGQ A PQ tCY OPT%ONS CTHE P O S%ON$ o 11 FAM 24a WBRE NOT'UTt IZ D BECAUSE ·1HE PD %CY ASSESSMENT W S NOT OPENED FOR PDXT%ONA COMMENTS BV OTHER O F1C RS PRIOR TO BEING eE T BEGIN SUMMARi T E_ANNUt O ZCY A SSMENt FOR ANGoLA afFAIR P 5 STATES TM6T IIMPI A MUST NOT 5E GRO ND QUT QF E tSTENCE BY ARMED lQHT C ND eECOME AN % EGA ORGANt%ATXQN • THAT WX L O%SRUPT THE gUNT Y FOR Y A8S TQ COME ·THE A$SE$'M NT· HOI DS OUT T E OSara%I TV OF MP A REP AC%NQ rT$ PRESENT MARXIST EADER AGOSTXNHO N T9 WITH NOTHER MORE REASON I E FiGURE WMO COUI D EAP tHE PA TV np ACEFULI ¥ TO XNDEPENQENCa p IN 1M QR T NG O F CER'S OPXNXON AR FROM BEING H I PFU TO OUR INTERE$T$ COR THOSe CF ANGOt ' TH su vtV'L JlF PI A WH THER L EQ V NETO OR A Y OTHER EAL aTIC possxeXLITY Wl L M%NA1 AN CHANCE op EV N PARTXA Y CHIEV%NQ ANV OF OUR PO CV OBJECTIVES END SU MARY aee E' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445693 Date 12 11 2017 I 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445693 Date 12 11 2017 o _ eEeR T PAGE 02 UANOA 005ee 130022%· a MPI A AND U rNTE8EeTS MPL RESjpgNt AGOST%NHQ N TO X • A M R ST AND MOR %MeORTANT P ACAB V A D EMO'lONA Y_ g Ei D R6 TU 6E N 6 iA 5AN iii i Un s INVESTMENTS ANO MOST lKE Y WOULO PRESENT· TH SOVIETS WXTH AN O PO TUNITY TO AC U1RE 4 EST A'RXCAN POOrHa p _N rO AA MQ DED_ MP A tN ZTS XMA Ef ORIVING OUT A NO QCCASIONAL Y Kt XNG 'T OSE W O OISAGR EE UN'ORTUANTE Yf THERE IS No HARP EYIDENCg'THATwHrS S aORDI ArES SERIQUSLV FAULT tTHER H%S_ O QLOGY OR STR TEGy _NOR THAT ANY EADEASHXP CHANmeS ARE % MtN NT • CaECEMT PCST REPOSTING INCLUD%N PAGE 5 OF TH AS8 SaM NT _E PRESStNG 'HE OPE THA '_ N TO Wl B Rep C D S EMS ENTXR L BASED ON 'T E WISHF UL'THINKING PWN THE MPI A· S ANDRADE FACTION CACT%VE REVOL'I' Dnup NTO NEr O APP RS ONLY RELEVANT POWER eASE tN THE FARTY QF THEM8E VES O G AGO EKPEI I O F OM THE PARTV ay METO TO HAVE F%R CONTROL aV R MPLA'S AR V PAESENT Y THE 4 CI IL WAR % ANGQ A OR CQA ItION' ·tHE P siBi i ia E E A e NGlt A PRE-ZNDEE'ENDf NCE CIVX WAR RESUt tNG IN AT I f AST A T MPQRARXLY FaASMENT D ANGOLA wrT MPI A HOLDING UANDA ANO FRQ THE CITY OR o C%V%I WAR UNTXL $OM T Mi AFT R %NnE END NCE A O MPLA JU V%V%N S AN E YAL PAR ER % THE posr-INOEPENQENCE COAL ITION GOVERNMENT %F THERE' S P OMPT· CI 1 w AND PARTtTION FNI A AND UNXTA FaRCES SHOU D GIVEN ENQ'UGH' ' 'T ME • AS TO GRADUAL L V R Oucg MPL A' AA A p UL TIM TEL D 'E T IT INSXOE L UANOA CtN THE XNTiAV M I tNV STMENT L OCATED O T lP THE AAE MP A WIL L NtTJ L L Y CIlNTROI W1l 1 NQT VE VU Ne AABL E TQ PL A_ NAnONAL l AnON ' HQW VER IF INSTEAD OF AN EARL Y C1Y1 W6R MeL A SMRVXV E$ AND -L ATE a CORR100R RUNN%NG EAST sa SUCCEEOS tN CPNTRDL L XNG ANGOL ' U S lNTERESTS WXLI BECOME UNPROTECTASL E e MP A STR TEGV UNLiKe iTs twp XVAi $ MPL A I AC S A i ARr _ I SABe cay CONTRAST IT' RE AINS UN %K L Y F A 'CAN a DXSL DDG O ROM TH NORTt- NOR T IAT' UN T CAN BE IN T E 'QUAM AL THOU' MP A CANNOT CO TeOI AN OL A M%L %TARILV tT COUL D • AS A L AeT RESORT V KE_AND HOL D VANCA AS W L AS A SWATH OF COUNTRVS P APPRC %MATE Y S0 i00 L ES WID EXTENotNG FROM UA DA T O M4LANQE A P P RH PS_e YONG CTH%S WaUL D NOT e NCOM A$8 NOUG l I ANO TO F EED L UANDA l '''H T UNCONQUiRAa E G OGRAPH%e HOWEV ER IS DESPERATION OPTION NOT A 'F1AS'I' CHOICE NOR A SEeR T - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N F 2016-07743 Doc No C'06445693 Date 12 11 2017 o I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445693 Date 12 11 2017 0' r SEBRE'F- PiGE 03 UANDA 5ee LiKE Y P tH ro r 0mm2Z PDWES Mp' j ii P REFEAREO StRATE Y_X 'TO R TAfN 'T 'SQUGH rN l ustoN IN A CQAh%npN r OV RNM 'I'· tTS PQI AUCAL aUf ANO BUILD FRPM rHERE TO C U T%MAT rOTA a %r%CA CQNTROL u e UN PRTUNATE Y FQR TME ONCE IN A QOA %T QN AND F_TH aEey SAFE 'eRCH FN ' % rT RV A'TACK M A'1 SUPER% R OBG N Z T%RN MORE 'POOUSE D AUTH ESSNESS AND SET'I' R C4QRE X·V 1 ' ANII Q I L ENT' 'Q AN PREVAX XNG IN A LONG DRAWN OUT POI Xr%CA · MXl rT RY -POWER OF STRUGr E seaREr I t- I • ' It 4 t • ' • • I _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445693 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431607 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTMf NT OF STATE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONkL DEVELOPMENT ' WASHINGTON • D C 20Sl3 March '14 1977 CONfIDEITIAL MEMORANDtJM TO s Mr Arithony Lake Director j Policy' P1arining Staff ASIA PT I'--_ _ _ _- ' ·nvt I J LD r FROM SUBJECT 86 DISSENT CI-IAt Jl TEL MESSAGE Normalization of Relations vi th Vietnrun - - Steps Along the Way ntis memorandum presents a dissent charmel 'viewpoint of I Director of Office of Philippines and Thailand Affairs Asia Bureau A I D In adaition ·to normal distribution to policy planning staff I desire distribution to officers in the EA 'and EB Bureaus in State ho deal ith the subject matter- I intend to arrange for distribution rithin' the Asia and PPC Bureaus of A I D ' ' ' '_1 ' 86 2 I 1 sh to associate myself with the dissent channel message dated F bruary 15 1977 on IqlS po j cy tffi'lards the IMF IBRD ahd ADB in Vietnam ' by 1 I Asia DCS A LD I I presents a convincing case for encouraging rather than reslst1flg economic relationships betl een the SRV and the international financial insti tutions Such contacts he argues will foster SRV tendencies to pragmatism and opeJllless - Certainly if nonnalization is our ultimate' goal as I think it should be those Vietnamese t ndencies are orth cultivating In fast-changing and interdependent world it makes good sense for the United States not on y to overcome the emotionalism and bitterness'of past conflict but actually to promote Indochinese participation in the connnlU1ity of nations ' 86 3 Supporting an SRV stake in the IFIs is a desirable step trnvard normalization Amending our aid and PL 480 legislation is another In the fi st instance ve should seek removal of all legislative constraints on other country trade and aid to Vietnam in particular those contained in Section 620 n of the FAA and Section 103 Cd of PL 480 In COHFIQE frIA£ GDS • 'iC· UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431607 Date 11 13 2017 - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431607 Date 11 13 2017 -2 current policy tenns both of these wartime provisions are essentially obsolete and should be repeal d Additional ' y we should begin now to seek removal of the legislative prohibitions on aid to 'Vietnam In particular Section 108 of the FY 77 Appi Opriation Act Depend' ing upon progress of the current U S delegation on MIA issues bilat ral assistance may be a distant possibility Nevertheless an attempt nm to seek Tep al of the legisla lve prohibition would provide an opportunity for developing Congressional and public support fOT normalization Prcih ibitions on aid were enacted in the immediate aftermath of the American withdra''ial from Vietnam If we are to begin h aling the wounds of 'var we need to remove the constraints to that process A PT J 86 I mem 03 151 7 7--------- 1 • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431607 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446126 Date 12 11 2017 - - ITfT•• n · ·•· - OUTGOING TELEGRAM OPTIONAL FORM 186 OCRII1D-7SI Formerly OS·322 OCR pept of StBte 86 • NAME CLEARANCES 6 - - ---- ----- -- --- -- e ' - -- - - - - _- -· CTICLt fpj - _ ' ___- _ · F E i - · · - - - I _ __11652 _---_ _---_ _-----_ _ _--_ _ ---------_ _ N A - O TAGS SHUM CU SUBJ T DISSENT MEMORANDUM OF JUNE 5 -I _ ___ 86 L _ _ _ _ _----1 THANK YOU fOR YOUR Y DISSENT MEMORANDUM ON u HUMAN RIGHTS IN· CUBA E SENT COPIES Of YOUR MEMO ' TO HA LAND CA PER YOUR REQUEST AND IN KEEPING WITH THE DEPARTMENT'S REGULATI NS ON DISSENT MESSAGES THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE ECRETARIAT THE UNDER SECRETARY 'fOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT ECRETA EOR- TER AMERICAN AFfAIRS THE CUBA DESK THE'DIRECTO OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM AND THE DIRECTO'Roo OF--THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF RICHARD FEINBERG MEMBER Of THE POLIC NN NG STAFF WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY ••• I COMMEND TIeR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY 1 6 5 4 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446126 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED -' i - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431989 Date 11 13 2017 - -- ---------------- -J ' - AC TID N COpy ' PAGE 'I ACTION LI MIT£ 0 OFFICIAL USE D epartnzent OJ State BR IDGE 'Ii 8 11 um uu Or' ' ' 'lifO OeT-Sl S-B I$O-BB 18e4 II ------------------I1I346Z rum IU R lSum lAY 11 III AIIUIBASSY BR IDGHOM 116 2 17 BRIDGE 'IBU IIImz OR THE BOARO TO VOTE IN A WRE INfORIlEO IIANNER A$ It mHOS KO TKE £IIBASSIU IHfORI AllOH ON IAF PROJECTS IS SOU EXTREIlELY seANTY AHD Anti THE HCT • T8£ us FURTHER DO IAr mmum REQUIRE AUOIfIM GRANTEES' ACTIVIlIH TO AT UlSJ ME THAT FOUNDATION fUHns ARE USEP FOR 'STATED PURPOSES AND IF SO HAl' TKE EtIPI£HTS CITED IN PARA ONE BEEN SO AUDITEO THE IIOR BASIC QUESTIONS REIUI1 HOwtvt FIRST YIlfH CAl 8£ TH£ JUSmIC lIOH FOR THE IAF'S PAST ACrIDHS AUG mOHO DotS THE fOUIIDATlDH INUHD TO CO ­ TlHUE SUPPORTING THESE mES or RfCIPIEHTS lIlImo OFfiCIAL USE BRIOmOMf 11131 E O - INCOMING E E TELEGRAM 86 IT WOULD BE INlfRESTIHG TO kilO MlAt IF AllY RtSTRICTlONS IAF'S lUNDAlE IIIPOSES ON AID TO PfRSONS ANO ROUPS HosrlLE TO TO smUTE WASHoe 2743 DISSENT CIIANHH - f 5 77 J L I_ _ _ _ _ HlA TAGS PfOR SUBJ Uf OPERATIONS 1 SINCE 191 TIfE INTER-AfJ R ICAN FOURPAT tO HAS PROVIDED S gB aBB IN GRANTS TO HIIiE ORSANIHT lOllS OR P RSDUS IN THE EASTERN CAR I68EAH 1'1110 ARE ACTIVElY OPPOSED TO UHIlEO STms REGIONAL INTERESTS THE RECIPIENTS IliERE H IGHrL Y LESS THAN 86 6 TO THE BUT or OUR UOll1 EOGE AT LUST THREE EIIBASSIES IN TatS AREA HAY INFORHAlL Y VOICED S IIIIUR SER 10US DBJECJlONS TO IAf'S CHOle OF GRANTEES III PREPARING AN AHSr tR TO THIS IItSSAGE IT i1IGHT BE us£m TO RETRIEVE THOSE COIlJ 1JNICmONS fila AODIlIONAL INFOHIIATlDH ON OTH R UNSUITABLE RECIPIENTS OF IAr fUNDS SlllilS CARIeBEAN corlTACT 11193 eBBI YDRUBA 1$12 SSSI CAOEC HSH illS CASTlE eRuCE fS7 5951 AIITIGUA co-or FARM ISSS Hil E ANIrCUA CO·OP 1$75 2H1 CASTLE BRUCE IS61 IIBSI A I AP TIN SI7 eggt All IOUAGANA COtlllUNE $1 US 2 EVEN IF THE PRINCIPAL RAtlON LE BEHIND THE CREATION OF THE IAF·-rH£ OEPOllTIlATION Of A pomON OF US AID -- IS ACCEPTfo AS CORRECT IT IS UNCHAi TO THE DRAfTINC OFFICER lillY A SUBSTANTIAL pomON OF OUR ASSISTAUE TO THE AREA lIAS BEEN DlmTEO TO INDIVIDUALS AND ENTITIES WORKING AGAINST OUR REGIONAL POllTl CAL AHD EtOliOIIIC OAlS JAr GRANTEES TO DATE INCLUDE A CONSISTENTLY ANTI-US Ei'iSPAPER ICARIB8HII CONTACTl AND INDIYIDUAl YIllO HAS ATTE PTED 10 PURCHASE CLASSifIED INfORIlArlON FROY US IIllIllRY PERSONNEL ROBERT CLARK£ AND AN ANTIGUAH PROCUBAN UDICAl nlll HECTORI l1li0 IS CONSIDERED BY THE AIITlm AUIHORITI£S TO BE OPERUlHG UNDER CUBAN DIREClION TKEY 0011' T CONS Iau HEClOR I N THE PAY OF THE CUBANS S11IPLr BECAUSE GIYU lllE SIZE OF IS IAf GRAnI AND THE SMALL SIZE Of AIITICUA tUBAN flNAlit III SUPPORT WOULD a£ UNNECESSARY I AIIONG orHER THIIIGS HECTOR AOyoCmS THE EJECTION Of THE US NAVAl FACILITY fRail UTIGUA S IIItILE TMm lilY BE jOTHING III O G PU SE IIIlH USC SUPPORT rOR GROUPS AUVDCATlHC NON-lRADllIONAL SOLUTIONS TO lOCAL PROBLEIIS IT IS lIor AT All omous 1liiY lIE ARE fl1fANCIALL Y sUPPOmHG I DIYIDU lS AND GROuPS ACTIVELY HOSTILE TO OUR Gift UGIONAl JNTUESlS CLEARLY SUCH SUPPORT IS AT THE lEAST HIGHL T eOHfUSllIG TO THE ST ILL 1I0DERATE OEUOCRATIC AND PRO-US LEADERSHIP Of THE AREA'S SOOR-TO-SE-INDEPENDENT SIIALL ISLANDS H OHICALlY IAr GRANTS HAVE TO som UTE fl UNO RIlIHOED THE UD ICAl CREDENTIALS Of THE RECIPIENTS MlO ARE OFTEN COHSIOUED BY THEIR RADICAL BHEfflEREII AS HAVIIIG BUN COOPTED BY THE DEVIOUS ORGANS OF AIiUICAH IIIi'ERIALlSII A LOCAL UDIClL DfiC£ TOLD A us OffiCIAL TUT CAilEC IS SOIlETlIII S COIISIOEREO A -CIA FRONt •• It UNDERSUKD TH£R IS A OEPARTIlEHT REPlmNTATlYr Ok THE IAr eOARD IT MlUlD tHEREFORE APPUi PRuom FOR AfFECTED ElIBlSSIES TO RECEIVE III THE FIJTUR£ THE HAIlES OF POTENTIAL REtIPIEJllS PRIOR to THEIR FIlIAL SELECTION TalS lIOUlO AFf02D POST$ Aft OPPORTUNITY TO COlClEHT 011 paDJECTED 'RUm$ AIID SUBSEQUENlL r ALlOII TBr D PARTII£NT REP • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431650 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washln2 on D C 205 O 19 78 Dear 1 --___----'1 86 This letter is in response to your dissent channel message concerning decontrol and release of Limited Official Use and unclassified material AS you are aware 5 FAM 952 1 describes the proper basis for the marking of any document Limited Official Use ·Certain official information and material which is not national security information and therefore cannot be classified is nonetheless protected by law against disclosure Several laws proy-ide the basis for this protection • One main source of law to protect information against disclosure is the Privacy Act thus the Biographic Register and personnel records are properly designated Limited Official US e Another is found in Congressional legislation that protects trade secrets and various other information against unwarranted disclosure The Freedom·of Information Act recognizes several categories of inforrnatiqn which can be withheld from public disclosure This is not to say of course that all information which can be withheld should be designated LOU According to the' Foreign Affairs Manual unless there is a legal requirement to protect informatio for reasons other than national security it cannot properly be marked Limited Official pse There is absolutely no question 'but that the majority of documents marked Limited Official Use have not been designated on the basjs of specific legal requirements Mr Itlureau I ot Inter-Affier1can Affa1rs Department of State UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431650 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No f Q1 -0 X4l _Q _c No C06431650 Date 11 13 2017 t JQ»'dV- -2However LOU remains a valuable designation because it affords a degree of protection sensitive information which is not classified to The classification system itself has been under review through the process of a Presidential Review' Memorandum This review will result in a new Executive Order on classif cation of national security information The text of this order should be issued some time this Spring The order generally defines more clearly and makes more restrictive the use of classification designations and ill make clear that other designations such as IILimited Official Use are not to be used to prot ct national security information While Limited Official Use is not a national security designation and therefore not a subject of the new Executive Order it would be helpful if at the time the State Department issues its implementing regulations and instructions to deal with the new Executive Order the proper use of Limited Official Use is brought to the attention of classifying officers In particular it should be made clear that this designation should be used only when a specified legal or regulatory basis exists • Officers should also be aware that national security information should be classified as provided for in the 'new Executive Order The regulations governing handling and storage of LOU material will also be reviewed at that time Your second question concerned the release of unclassified material As you are aware Congress has provided in the Freedom of Information Act for standards and procedures to be used in releasing government material upon request In response to this Congressional mandate the Department drew up regulations to implement the law The basic point in practice is that the proposed release should be authorized by the office that has the responsibility for the record in question I am enclosing a copy of these'regula ions which answer your specific questions on FOIA procedures If you have any particular complai nts about the manner in which the Department responded to the request to release the reporting cable yo spoke of these regulations provide for an appeal of an initial denial UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431650 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 Q7743 _Q 9 c No C06431650 Date 1 1 13 2017 -3I am sending a copy of this letter to the Chairman of the Committee on Classification Policy As'sistant Secretary Hodding Carter so that your' concerns about the improper use of the' designation Limited Official Use can be dealt with in the process of updating State Department regulations to implement the new Executive Order on classification policy Sincerely·yours - o ' A '- _ Paul H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff' 'Enclosu re As stated 11 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431650 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471719 Date 01 11 2018 EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RELEASE IN PART 86 June 13 972 Director Planning and Coordination Roan 7246 Departeent of State Dear Sir You have recently been involved in a aecision concerning e ployees who have carried foreign nationals The I partirular case I alii concerned with involves a 1 -____- ' a co unications and records assistant on cy staff here in Guategala Your reply State 103836 to a dissent cable sent byl Iw s received by the subject elllployee -and Qyself with considerable disappoiritl ent I a therefore writing you this informal letter at g o m inititative and without the knowledge ofl Jsinee there re ains in wn ind the question of whether the Departeent has addressed· itself fully to the point of dissent originally expressed byl 1 in his cable 86 J I 86 - l I and myself fully support the Depurtacnt's eff rts to uphold unifora applicability of 3FAr-1629 and in no way expect an exception in the application of this policy as it affects I I l 1e do hONllver expect the DepartQent to apply it's policy to only those persons wnich shQuld be affected by 3Fk 629 And this secas to be our point of difference The Department appears to be interpreting 3FAH629 l ' b to read that an e uploycc assigned abroad who aarries an alien t-lill be transferred as quieltly as feasible to the U S However th is sentence continues ts read in order to provide the spouse an opportunity to bec oae better acquainted t ith life in the 'U S and to acquire citizenshi p Now the wording of this sentence as it appears in 3FM1629 is obviously intended to benefit the spouse and is not intended ' to penalize the e ployee for arrying a foreign national And in Dost instances this will be the case since cost a lien spouses are ·not natura lized in such a brief tiee span as wasl land therefore would norcally expect to return to the ·U S to aceo lish this naturalization process As you lmow however is a nal-uralized citizen and well acquainted with the U S as pointed o t Ln r I rr-cable to you Additionally bassador Bowdler has made a personal appeal while on consultation in the Depart ent as well as having written a letter in which he 86 I first wish to say that both - -_ - --- __ - - ---_ _ __ _--_ - _ - - ---' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471719 Date 01 11 2018 86 I 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471719 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ---- ' 'M ---- - - cst - 2 ' expressed his view that I I does not need AIlericanization The Deputy Chie f of ission was not even aware that I was anaturalize citizen until this aatter was '- b-r- -u-g- -h-t-to-' his attention recently 'The Mission in general has alsa expressed it's opinion in an official cable that I I does not need Aaericanization 'It therefore seeas to ae that the Aabassaaor the DCM and other officials of this Mission who have worked or known I I for' nearly two years a re in a better position to determine I req lires Americanization that the Dewhetherl partDent who is not a t all acquainted t-lit'hl I 86 86 In closing I would like to ask you onCe again to take a very close look at the t ording of 3FAM629 to be certain that the Oepartcent'is absolutely satisfied with it's interpretation of the a lien po licy as it app lie S to I I While I recognize your belief that a regular Departmental assignliilent is the best cethod of exposing a foreign-born spouse to the U S it of course is not the only Qethod of exposure that ca be affective 186 I I thank you for your tiae and patience in discussing this matter • I would sincerely appreciate an early reply and hopef llly a reconsideration of your earlier decision to assign I I to Washington in the pouch room i 86 I86 Sincerely yours GuateRala City ----- ---- --- -- ' --_ _-_ __ _---_ _-------- ----_ _- - --- ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471719 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 - - RELEASE IN PART '86 - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - ' - ' - - - ' - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -_ _ ---I 1 lC 17J UNITED STATES AGENCY FOR INTERNATIO'NAL DEVElOPMENT ' ' MISSION TO 'AIISTAN Cablo USAIDPAK HEADQUARTERS OFFIC Az¢ ISLAMABAD March 21 1973 CONPIDEPi'f'ML Mr William I Cargo Director of Planning and Coordination Room 7246 Department of State Washington D C Dear Mr Cargo In accordance with the procedure cited in the May 972 De partment of State Newsletter I wish to record my dissent from the recently announced United States' decision to resume arms sales to Pakistan I understand that U S policy now permits arms sales which fall in any of the followiilg three categories -- Lethal items contracted for under the 1970 one-time exception but not yet delivered Spare pal'ts for lethal items previously furnished by the United States and Non-lethal new items In my view the lifting of the arms embargo seriously threatens the stability of the subcontinent impairs U S credibility as a peacemaker diminishes Pakistan's economic development and jeopardizes our relations with both India and Bangladesh My analysis appears in a memorandum dated December 7 1972 on Resumption of American Military Suppl ies to Pakistan copy attached herewith - ' fLI A __ Clanified By _ _fd JlVtrT - Subject to Oeneral Declassification Schedule of Executive Order 116$2 'ut ft1I t lllv ·t4n e sllf d at tWA UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 ----------------- ' _ ------ -- - ----- --- --- COM ' f M'f1AL Page 2 Mr William 1 Cargo Supplementing that memorandum I would further argue as follows I The Lethal-Non-Lethal Distinction Is Spurious In addition to the semantic problem of defining non-lethal end-use items there is another difficulty which is often ignored This is the fact that non-lethal items usually require lethal complements Unarmed jeeps carry armed soldiers airplane engines power planes which bomb and strafe Therefore an arms purveyor whose sales make possible a larger or more destructive military force cannot escap'e responsibility for the destruction which that force may unleash II It Is Practically Impos sible For The United States To Ensure That Its Military Supplies Will Not Be Used Against Other Friendly Nations Or Against The Recipient's Own People Regardless of restrictions which the U S may place on the use of items furnished recent history has shown that the arming of two hostile allies leads to the use of these weapons against ea ch other We should avoid being identified with arms and equipment which again may wind up on a battlefield with another friendly power III In The Militarily Competitive Atmosphere Of The Subcontinent It Is Unrealistic to Expect That A Renewed Sales Program Will Not Contribute To An Arms Race The U S Government has taken the laudable position that it does not intend tc contribute to an arms race But our intentions may be irrelevant in the face of actual arms deliveries I am told that the 300 armed personnel carriers supplied under the decision will create a positive imbalance in Pakista n's favor Who is to say tha t the Indian military will not feel compelled to regain their advantage Certainly 'our intention to avoid an- arms race could be implemented more effectively by a retention of the embargo · I CONf'tBSU'l'lAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 --------_ - ----- - --_ _-----_ ---- _--------_ _--------- ----- --- '--'-- ' Page 3 Mr William I Cargo IV In A Poor Country Like Pakistan Military Purchases Compete With Economic Development Programs Hence The Resumption Of Military Sales T ends To Thwart Our Aid Objectives ' 1· Pakistan is a country of scarce resources Mor e guns means less butter The expenditur of $14 million for military supplies deprives the Pakistani people of an equal sum for development programs The new supplies and spare parts will doubtless require heavy local cost commitments by the Government of Pakistan Military set into motion their own multiplier effect expenditures Pakistan's overwhelming debt service problem is another reason to discourage military spending which draws down forei'gn exchange Moreover · the diversion of resources to the military is likely to have an adverse effect on Pakistan's ability to attract development aid Given the ·fungibility of foreign e change the military sales authori l ed constitute an effective deduction from our current level of commodity assistance $60 million in FY 73 On the 'basis of the foregoing I respectfully dissent from the d'ecis ion to lift the embargo and recommend that the U S arms policy for Pakistan be reconsidered in the near futur Sincere1 ronrs 86 Regional Legal Advisor Attachment als CoN IDEH'FlAL UNCLASSIF IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472814 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446129 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN I -------------------------------- ------ PARTB6-- I ·lB i' -'loD- rffcHI fg sfa DepartliIent Of State ACTION COpy ASUNCI 02860' 241955Z PAGE 1J1 ACTION INFO ADS-GO 'EA-Ol 10'04' W ------------------065235 TELEGRAM 8391 SP-02 OCT-tJI INCOMING' 260908Z JUN 9 FM AMEMBASSY ASUNCION TO SECSTATE WASHDC 6395 R 221530Z ' l8 t LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ASUNCION 2860 L t D I SSE NT CHAN NEL111I11111 II I II 1 11 1 111II1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I fROM L - I _ _ _I TO 86 LAKE N A TAGS CU SUBJECT DISSENT MEMORANDUM Of JUNE 5 - E O Ref 121J65 SHUM STATE r 158832 1 THANK yOU FOR REFTEL ACKNOWLEDGEMENT PER DISTRIBUTION OF NOVEMBER 9 MEMO WOULO ALSO LIKE JUNE 5 MEMO SENT TO M M DG AND H AS WEl LAS AM BAS SAD 0 R Die K CL ARK WH I TE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446129 Date 12 11 2Ci1i---' 86 --- -' - - - 86 Dear This letter is a reply to your memorandum of March 14 in the dissent'channel ill which you associate yourself ith the earliet dissent o j I I Iconcerning participation b t the Socialist Republic of Vietnam SRV in variou3 'international monetary or3anizations I I As we noted in a letter to since the advent of he new Administration there has been considerable movement and change of direction 'tlith respect to this polici The U S 'nQ longer opposes SRV membership in U N specialized gencies It has dropped some restrictions involving shipping to the SRV Perhaps most important from t ' 1e point of Vie'll of your merr orandum the U S no lon'3'er will raise objections to loans and programs for the SRV undertaken by the multinational financial institutions such as you mention as long a the normal pcocedures and technical requirements applicable to any recipient country are met It is our position that any assistance provided tte SRV should be in conformity with the policies and procedures of the organization concerned Such assistance must meet the particular institution's' economic and technical criteria and the SRV must carry out fully its obligations to them In this connection we believe that Vietnam's experience with the IMP in coming months wil serve as a useful indicator of the extent to which membership in IFI's fosters the liberalization you speak of Vietnam's record with the IMF also will lik'ely affect its prospect for event·ual proj eC t assistance from institutions with 1 86 ASIA PT - Room 6668 Department of State Agency for International Development _ Washington D C 20523 • • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431608 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Dep rtment of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431608 Date 11 13 20'17 ' similar ob li'gations such as t'he l1c 1 rld Bank and the A'sian Development Bank We are prEl ared to keep an open mind in regard to Vietnam IS rHlationship 1ith the IMP but in the interim cannot prejudge our position on the merits of specific proje'cts for which 'Vietnam may request assistance from other institutions in the future _---_ ' As pe haps you are aware the US-Vi tnamese relationship i nOv1 in a moment of' flux and transition We have ag -eed to' meet the Vietnamese 'in sUbstantive negotiations and prob ably these se sions v1i11 begin in the near fqture It is too soon to know wh t exactly' will be ou t ' policy on various iSSUE s I including existing legislativ provisions I since so much depends on the Vietnamese negotiating strategy Hut certainly it is safe to say the sense of the suggestions on economic relations made by Mr Lewis and ydurself ·and the anticipated direction of U S foreign pC I icy in this respect I are now essentially in harmony f hank you f or your letter and appreciate your conpern lich is one we all ·share that efforts be made to improve f nd normalize elations between the u S and ietnam qe Sincerely Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff • • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431608 Date 11 1312017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064457Q1 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PARTB6 66616 • ' 'Ir ' f' - - - • r • U _ • 4 _ DRAFTED SV SI unFPI FsMIT APPROVED Sy Sjp S LEHIS 01S1 5 P DISTRlaUTloN_C j _ •• _ • ••• 003835 ' _ o _ ' ' - ' - - 'l c ' - FoLi O llnJG REPEAT BANGiH lK 1063 IJ Aci'ioN SEC5TATE DAh D 'i'i 'JUN '75 r QUOTEi _ ' -S e eRE BANGKOK 10S3 DISSEt- T CHANNEL f t ' ' EI O• 11652 GOa 'TAGS APE OI$SF T· '605J D S5 NT ES AGE • • THrs _ - A DISS NT G VIEW 2 ' J s ' - - - ' '''' CLEARLV iNnlcATEs NEED FOR NEW A PROACH ' T M 'j N V EWfl A E UN aL NEnoTI ATf ON REASO A I aECAUS PE REF HOSTAGES o C THEY ARE AND - i 'SITUATION'iN AOS HA E 8E N I ' r jo POSITION OF ' ' i fi r-- 8eCREl' ' ' • ' ' - ' ' - 86 C 'vtE JTZMJE 3943 BASIS ' • REF A iE fiANE 4i39 1333' I MESSAG T ANSM%TS £_ STATE ' - - t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445701 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445701 Date 12 11 2017 • • ' ' - ' I • 1 • S NGTl Y PGNU H'EOIATELY THlT NO u s OFFICIAL PRESENT Y IN LAOS fEry CHARGE CHA A ACTt G IQECTDR R MS Y AND DATT L Q ST' ROUND j -IRDUGH ENTER EHPO · E D CLERK I S TO NEGOiIA TE O 'TO OF U S G FRO ATE OF SUCH NDTIF C4T O OM A ns _A o T AT A NE NEGOTIATING TEAM WILL ARRIVE IN VIE TtA E wtTHI A FEW DAYS l TD AG'EE TS O 3E ALF _ ' I_I TONINCLuj1 FOLL OldNGi • • • ' 3 ' iR A J M R L BEN ETT D' K A KE USAID l hCS _ 4 A Ca PETENT FRO SE IOR vI ENT tHE ' ' r- 1 ' MR I CLAP 1iI· ID RF GIO Al l EGAl · ADVISOR 2 ' i ' 0 7 ' ' ' ' ' c APPOINT' Ne 'rEM1 -to ' r COHT HCT SERVICES OFFICf R USAID ALSO CHIEF BANGKOK • I ' • _ BUT' FAMILIAR ITH ' ' • ' _ FSO • POSSIBLY FROM AMEH8 8ANGKOK aUT' NOT' 5 ' A C C ETENT aC Jo 1IOR Mlt ITARV OFF tCER NOT NOW HI LAOS ·M C ' S - OFFICE OPE ATIO S • 4 - LAOS MAP ' PROG AM G L -I_ lHAS NECESSARY LEGAL EXPERTISe 'I SSG a iT '' B' 6 ' 1ARE L - -_ _ _ _ _ _- - - - ' '0 0 --- - - • - ' PAGE Z3 -' r- ' SEGRET' - ·STATE _ t _ - ' _ l _ f ' 9 ' _ r ' • ••• ro t ' - EXPER CEn·ceNT ACT·NEGOTIATORS • AS EW'TEAM ENTERING EGOTI Tln F R eUT AWARE WE BEl IeVE W AN CfFS T PGNU FRES5l 2 - ' Ar 'tICS · ' - I OJ 3 ' ' 0 S X-j UA- - ' ' C4 l ' • YCU 'y r- U THER lo- IlL _ I ' ' - R SIC C H I 'j' H I ' C l - ' _ - to KISSINGeR _ II ·JJ tr '- J _ y ' __ ' •• ' • • • • · f I ••• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445701 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED US Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431991 Date 11 13 2017 OUTGOING TELEGRAM IRELEASE IN PART 1 IS6' I- 9PTIONAL FORM 185 oem lto 151 • • ormerlv 05·322 IOCRl Dept of State -- I ACK I-----iiiiil I_ ------N-------- - M N SIGNATURE DTG i lfrlfEj -OfFf C IAL--USt·-LA-SS-IF-lc AT-IO _ _ _- ________- -__ SP_EC IA_l_CH_A_RG-E-S ----- -------- SIp R E BERG JRR 1-- IA7a r D - ------l --_-- J IE ' T ____- _ _ _ - S R ALAKt FleE t _ _ _ _ _-N A M E_ _ ------------ I -· · ---------- --m'------ IAR A CP RTAYlOR 'DRAF1J- 'S P NBOVER NAME __--__--___--__ S P RHARRtNfliNI A NeE s 7 $ __ ClEA RAN C ES r---------------- ------------------ 1 C'S p O'NUV JTlON - 00 _ • • • • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _I INFO PRECEOENCE Jj'IFO ADDREsses E O 11652 Gil TAGS EAID SUBJECT IAf OPERATIONS REF STATE BRIDGETOWN L030 BRIDGETOWN 19 7 - _u5___ 1 THE PROBtEMS RAISED IN YOUR DISSEIT MESSAGE ABOUT THE OPERATIONS OF THE INTER-AMERICAN' fOUNDATION IAf HAVE BEEN RAISED BEfORE ON NUMEROUS OCCASIONS SEVERAL u S AMBASSADORS IN LATIN AMERICA AND THE CARIBBEAN' HAVE EXPRESSED CON- _7_ _ 1 CERN OQER IAF ACTIVITIES 6 5 4 3 2 2 I CONVERSATIONS WITH THE STATE-DEPA TMENT iND OUR AMBASSADORS IN THE·fIELD lAP HAS TAKEN THE POSITION THAT THEY DO NOT HAVE TO ACCEPT THE ADVICE OF THE DEPARTME T OR Of OUR AMBASSADORS REGARDING THEIR OVERSEAS ACTIVITIES IAf BELIEVES COORDINATION WITH THE STATE DEPARTMENT HAS BEEN fU fULLY ADEQIATE AND THAT STATE CAN MAKE ITS OPINIONS FELT THROUGH'ITS THREE REPRESENTATIVES oe THE SEVEN MEMBERS OF THE lAF BOA'RD Of DIRECTORS ' 3 THE INSPECTOR GENERAL F FOREIGN ASSISTANCE IGA CON elUDED IN A RECENT EVALUATION THAT THIS POSItION IS NOT IN ACCORD WITH THE lAptS ltGISLATIVE CHARTER THE INSPECTOR o lIMITED OFFICIAL UGE - - - ac · Q c s sl Fr cA Tt ON x _ · - _____- ' f·t 0185101 _ _ _ _0_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _4 -_ _'__ _ _ _ r'··i l i W t t - _-_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431991 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431991 Date 11 13 2017 r - r Qi trorJA fOR iS5·A IOcRl 10 7$1 Forml rly DS·J22·A OCRI Oept 01 Sr ta Continuation She l LtM tTED OF F ICIAL_USE_ ___ -_ --_____ J 2 u L----- -------------- ____ - l ------- --- ---- GENERAL CONSIDERS THAT THE AMBAsSADOR MUST HAVE THE RIGHT TO CONTROL IAf WHEN IN HIS VIEW A PARTICULAR PROJECT MAY BE ADVERSE TO US INTERESTS 4 THE IGA REPORT EVALUATED THE ADEQUACY OF THE COORDINATION PROCESS BETWEEN THE IAF AND THE DEPARTMENT OF STATE WHILE A NUMBER Of CORRECTIVE ACTIONS HAVE ALREADY BEEN TAKEN TO IMPROVE COORDINATION THE IGA OPINED THAT OUR ErFORTS IN THIS DIRECTION MAY NOT 8E SUCCESSFUL IN THE ABSENCE OF A MORE THOROUGH REASSESSMENT OF THE ROLE OF THE IAF AND ITS RELATIONSHIPS TO OTHER U S ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE PROGRAMS THE IGA REPORT IN fACT CALLS FOR SUCH A REASS ESSMENT Tb 8E MADE BY THE CONGRESS 5 IN VIEW OF THEIIGA REPORT THE DEPARTMENT HAS RECENTLY RECOMMENDED TO Ot1B THAT FUTURE BUDGET AUTH llATIO JS FOR 1 f _ O TINGENT Q _S U H - A ASSE S_ ENT _ _ -- ' b WE COMMEND YOUR USE'OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY I t' o ____ SIMI TED OFFICIAL USE '_lASSH·I p I'UN II a --------------- 60185·201 AI LJ If i 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431991 Date 11 13 2017 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446144 Date 12 11 2017 - DEPARTMENT OF STATE WaahlnlllOn D C 20520 86 American Embassy Asuncion Paraguay I Dea r 86 --1 L I_ _ _ _ _ I want to express my apologies for the delay in replying to your excellent dissent mess ge Your message prqvoked a good deal of thought and debate on several tricky issues although the inter-bureau process moved more slowly than it should have As I mention in my response ' I do plan to keep tab on the progress made on these is ues and will keep you informed Thank you again for your thoughts and for your patience Sincerely IWf U -£' --Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff -- r f1 - -r- - ¥t -» ' t r- ' r 'ry - ri '7 -w r r -t' ' •• r •• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446144 Date 12 11 2017 -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431610 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON C C 20523 March 14 1977 eeNFIDDffIAL MEM RANDUM TO S FROM ASIA PT Mr Anthony Lake Di rector Policy P1ann ng Staff ' fh 1 - I 86 A LD DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Normalization of Relations with Vietnam - - Steps Along the Way SUBJECT 1 This memorandum presents a dissent channel viewpoint of I IOffice of Philippines and Thailand Affalrs AS1a BUreau A I D In addition to normal distribution to policy planning staff I desire distribution to officers in the EA and EB BUreaus in State who deal with the 'subject matter I intend to arrange for distribution i Lthin the Asia and PPC Bureaus of A LD 2 I wish to associate myself with the dissent channel message dated February' IS 1977 on ''US Policy to vards the IMF IBRD and ADB in Vietnam by 1 Asia DCS A I D I I presents a convincing case for encouragi g rather than resisting economic relationships between the SRV and the international financial institutions Such contacts he argues will foster SRV tendencies to pnigmatism and openness II Certainly if normalization is our ultimate goal as I think it should be those Vietnamese tendencies are worth cultivating In a fast-changing and interdependent world it makes good sense for the United States not 0n Y to overcome the emotionalism and bitterness of past conflict but actually to promote Indochinese participation in the community of nations 3 Supporting an SRV stake in the IFIs is a desirable step tm'lard normalization ' Amending our aid and PL 480 legislation is' another In the first instance we should seek removal of all legislative constraints on other country trade and aid to Vietnam in particular those contained in Section 620 Cn of the FAA and Section 103 Cd of PL·480 In GONflBEN'fIAt GDS ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431610 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431610 Date 11 13 2017 -2- current policy tenns both of these wartime provisions are essentially obsolete and should be repealed Additiorrally we should begin now to seek removal of the legislative prohibitions on aid to Vietnam In particular Section 108 of the FY 77 Appropriation Act Depending upon progress of the current U S delegation on MIA issues bilateral assistance may be a distant possibility Nevertheless an attempt now to seek repeal of the legislative prohibition would provide an opportunity for developing Congressional and public support for normalization Prohibi tions on aid were enacted in the mediate aftermath of the American withdrawal from Vietnam If we are to begin healing the wounds of war we need to remove the constraints to that process A PT mem 86 03 15777 COt FfBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm nt of State Case No F-2Q16-07743 Doc No C06431610 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445702 Date 12 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE RELEASE IN PART 86 SIP-OFP RFSMITH BDM 6 11 75 28790 SIP SWLEWIS SIP DPIKE SIP DISTRIBUTION ONLY ROUTINE BANKOK DISSENT CHANNEL SWL LO • 11652 NIA TAGS PFOR SU JECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF BANGKOK 10830 FORL-I_ __ 86 '1 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF CABLE • REfERENCE DIS ENT 2 MR ·DOUGLAS PIKE OF TAE POLICY PLANNING STAFF SIP HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE 3 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN IRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE' ECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF TH POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAI PERSON OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL COPIES HAVE ALSO BEEN SENT TO THE·AID ADMINISTRATOR AND THE ASSISTANT S CRETARY FOR EA T ASIAN AFFAIRS YOUR DISSENT HAS· ALSO BEEN REPEATED TO VIENTIANE f _ r· · ' i ' - - - _ 1 • WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS 'PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO YOUR CONCERN YY' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE If - L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ' - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445702 Date 12 11 2017 __ UNCLASSIFIED US Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431992 Date' 11 13 2017 I LEAS IN PARTJ OUTGOING TELEGRAM OPTIONAL FORM 18S OCRI lO 75 Formerlv D5·322 OCRl i Dept of Srate _ I ACK rJNCl I MRN DTG A IF ED SIGNATURE CLASSIFICATION SPECIAL rf lAIU r g NAME TEL EXT n li 'pj NAME - -cf 1 j3q_ JU'Rr CLEARANCES 5 7 •i - i ··· t ' '''j ' 2 -4 6 8 NAME OFfiCE' 3 l i NAME OFfiCE CLEARANCES i DESIRED DISTRIBUTION -r e Rj E O -It -FO IA DA7 ACTION - • PRECEDENCE INFO 'n I I I' I j r E RJ E 0 11652 TAGS REfERENCE yy 'iNITIAlS p JotKTH ItBJI'mR 1 i DISSENT CHAN NEL 1 2 -1 · · LA PAZ 11 159 1 WE ARE WORKING ON REQUEST TO YOU SOON '2 i N A XL SUBJECT - t- I 1 § _E9 l_HANDL NG IN REF'TEL AND WILL GET BACK · - 3 ·f -4 5 ' 6 7 APOL OGIES FOR DELAY B 6 ' · 1i t 5 - I 3 '·1 2 1 0 I' - UN t J cA S Su¥ I ED t' ----_ -----'- -_ _ _ - -- -- ' - _ '86-101 --- - --- - - - - -- - _ - - -- --- _ _ - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No -- - I CO 431992 ' tJ Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446182 Date 12 11 2017 _ - u i UNGLASS I F I ED De J lfl171 en t AllrrA mJ PAG DI • ACrlDll E IUro OCT' I CS·DI ISO'D DI or OJ UlHSl III m3 v ·· ················0012l0 m 1 BZ In R m 1H rEa Ja I i fn A U9ASSY 5r 1I1 AGO 10 SEes TAIt Ii SHDe a2l UIIClAS SEeTlOIl I or 3 SAIIlIAGO 1223 DISSEIIT CHAIIIIEl E O 116S2 lilA UGS S BJECI DISSEIII CHEIIHn IIESSAG POLICY 011 AD OUACY or OV£R US SCHOOLS RH A 71 SAIlTlAGO sa12 6 STATE nu I THIS I SnlITIAGo CIIIlE IhE CfP TllElIT SHOULD 6E A R£ IHAT TH£SE vln'S E EIIDORSED B' iHE lCt L M A tHAPT£R t ARE U IH IH 01S5£111 tHA IIlH BECI U IME SIA IDaRDIlED REGULATlC IS IJIIO OllilIlSTRAIl '£ OECISI IS G D IH REOIII H WE en 1 OfClPIiEO BEYOnD THE conp lEiln Of THE G lcvtnc sr IEfi 'IO 4fi£ lIel SU8JtcT TO COIlSULThTIG 1 U IDt I D 1I5J kE RECUEH TK4T OISIRIBUTIOIl SE HADE TO IHE I£PUTY UI OfP S£Cp tI Rr 10 DEPUT' mRET RY OF SUrE REt-D 10 SISTAJII SEC U ii·1 reR nGHIIIISIP f TiO 1 J dil tHonAS TO ASSiSIPM Stc tT' R1 ro E 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UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431612 D te 11 13 2017 ' U· c CONT'n ADDRESSEES PANM1A KS Sf N JOSE SAN S L VADnR SMH V GO SANTO DOi'iIr G TEGUCIGALPA OUENP$ AIRES CARACAS NASSAU ROCAP ' r f' • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431612 Date 1 1 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431993 Date 11 13 2017 IN III lJ UIYlll 11 n L Ul JNI I HtN I J At PAGE 01 ACTION 51 '-02 INFO TElE GRAM Departnlent Of late BRIDGE 01579 q ·T· ·0·1· ES-01 150-0 3579 112015Z 0'0'4 W PART 86 ------ -----------0'1071e 1120'19Z 62 R 111600'Z JUL 77 PM AMEM8AS5Y BRIDGETOWN TO SEC5TATE WASHoe 3131 CON F IDE N T I A L BRIDGETOWN 1579 DISSENT CHANNEL FOR TONY LAKE S P E O 11 652 GOS TAGS EAID SUBJ ECT lAF OPERATIONS REFS A STATE 157623 S L BRIDGETOWN 1497 C BRIDGETOWN 1 THANKS FOR REF A WHILE WE WERE AWARE THAT OUR DIFFICULTIES WITH lAF ACTIVITIES WERE UNFORTUNATELY NOT UNIQUE 'WE 010 NOT KNOW THAT THE PROBLEM WAS AS WIDESPREAD AS YOU DESCRIBE OR THAT IAF HAS TAKEN THE POSITION IT HAS 2 WE UNDERSTAND ANO APPRECIA'TE THE DEPARTMENT'S GENERAL PROBLEM WITH IAF AND THE DESIRE TO ACHIEVE A FINAL AND FORMAL RESOLUTION OF THE MATiER HOWEVER QUR IMMEDIATE 'CONCERN THAT WHICH PROMPTED REFS BAND C IS TO END THE PRESENT DAMAGING ZAF PRACTICE OFUSING USG FUNO TO SUPPORT EASTERN CARIBBEAN INDIVIDUALS ANO GROUPS IN ACTIVE OPPOSITION TO OUR REGIONAL INTERESTS WE AGAIN STRONGLY URGE THAT THE DEPARTM NT' S REPS ON-THE IA BOARO VOTE AGAINST THE CADec GRANT IREF C IF TIME PERMITS OUR NEW AM8ASSAOOR ONCE IN PLACE COULO BE ASKED HIS OPINION OF THE WISDOM OF MAKI G THE GRANT 3 WHILE THE DEPARTMENT'S EFFORTS TO RESOLVE ITS BASIC DISpuTE WITH IAF THROUGH THE OMS AND CONGRESS ARE UNOOUBTEOL Y NECESSARY WE SUSPECT THAT SUCCESS II ' IT COMES AT ALL W01 l'T B E OUICKl Y ACI IIEVeD PERH I 'S THEREFORE AN INTERIM FIX IS AVAILABLE THE DEPARTMENT COULD ROUTINELY NOTIFY EMBASSIES OF PBOPOSEO IAF GRANTS ANO IF IN THE 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IKAI II 1I0ULe 1101 IIISK·IO IGliCR IHE rACT 'HAl IHt SOUIHERII ASSOC I All 011 HAS ACCp Eorrn 11100 'HE SOUIKERIIASSOCI IJO l IS 1 01 A II S GOVERlinElll IIISlIlUTJOll lI R IS II AIl 11I IITUIICJI OF OIlE cr IHE SEVERAL STATES If IS A REGIOliAl UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016·07743 Doc No C06446185 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980074 Date 07 31 2017 ' DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C ' 20520 RELEASE IN PART BS MEMORANDUM '-J'J t J 1 i j7 ' TO EURIEE - Mr Nicholas Andrews FROM SIP - Samuel W SUBJECT InGpection Report on Eastern Europe -Re 2S ted Response on Reconnnendation IS 7 Lewi Reconnne iDatiQn f 57 in the Inspection Report on our relations wit iL Eastern Europe Inspector's Memorandum on the consular function in XlH Osl avj a was that the Department SIP should g i v e L ' I I I Consular Section a reply to his dissent message of February 24 1973 86 ----T4 e attached letter and annexes were sept toc J 86 I in Jun of 1974 The Chairperson of the Open Forum Pantl - sent them out considered the packet to be a defL· ' reply tol I and to end the exchange of ' ' 1Unications on the subj ect I I understo'Jd tr une 11 material to be an inter m reply partly because it came on Open Forum rather than Department stationery and expecced a further response He mentioned this expectation i o the inspectors' and it was reflected in their RecoITmendation #57 __ __- Iis now assigned in the Department The current Open Forum Chairperson has informed him in conversation that no further reply to his original communication is p anned In the same conversation I I kindly consented to chair an informal Open Forum working group which will have a fresh try at reforming the obsolete portion of the visa law to whichl raised objections from Belgrade -------- 86 86 86 -86 Attached to C1798oo741 Drafted S P PJLydon bdm 9-15-75 cc UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980074 Date 07 31 2017 86 C06417016 71ED u s I I Department of State Ca eNo F 2016-07743 DocNo C06417016 Date 10 11 2017 1 I -- -- PAGE 0 I MElSOU 02254 030107Z 568l'J Acn ON §E INFO E5-01 OCT-OI ISO- 0 004 W ------------ ----1 0407 0301G8Z 20 RELEASE IN R 020315Z NOV 77 PART 86 FM AMCONSUL MELSOURNE TO SECSTATE WASHDC 4119 I FO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA LIMITEO OFFICIAL USE MELBOURNE 2254 DISSENT CHANNa L 11652 N A SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL· MESSAGE RECENT VICTORIAN POWER STRIKE EO CONTRASTING VIEWS ON THE REF CANBERRA 7504 I THIS MFSSbGE TRANSMITS A DISSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOINT 0IpOLITIC IL OFFICER MELBOURNE I 1 1 REQUESTS THAT S P DISTRIBUTE COPIES NOT ONLY TO THOSE LISiEO ON PAGE OF THE DEPM Tt ENT' S A-309 BUT TO MR DALE GOOD S IL AND MR DONALD HARRIS EA RA 1 I C' NBERRA'S 7504 FORWARDED THE TEXT OF MELBOURNE'S 2160 ON THE RECENT VICTOR AN POWER STRIKE TO THE DEPARTMENT ALONG WITH THE EMBASSY'S COMMENTS WHILE I WOULD aE GLAD TO PREPARE A DETAILED REFUTATION OF THE EMBASSY' 5 COMMENTS ND WILL DO SO UPON REOUEST THE PRINCIPAL PURPOSE OF THIS MESSAGE IS TO MAKE A FEW OBSEnVATIONS ON THE SIGNIFICANCE OF CANBERRA' 5 75e4 AS AN EMBASSY COMMUNICATION 2 r T IS THE FIRST COMMUNICATION I iI' VE SEEN lIN OVER MONTHS IN MEL80URNE WHICH· CLEARL Y AND UNAMSIGOUSL Y EXPRESSES EM lASSY Ct-N6EnxN S VIEWS WITH RESPECT TO INDUSTRI ilL RELATIONS IN AUSTRALIA ft SUDJECT I BEL IEVE EVERY ONE WILL AGREE IS EXTREMELY IMPORTANT CONTROVERSIAL AND COMPLEX A 18 IT DRAMATIZES THE FACT THAT INFORMATION AND INTERPRETATIONS AVAILABLE IN CANBERRA ON INDUSTRIAL RELAT ONS FREOUENTLY PROMPT OBSERVERS TO REACH RATHER CONSE VATIVE CONCLUSIONS ITO SAY THE LEAST 8 C IT CONSTITUTES rAT LEAST IN MY HUMBLE OPINION AS DAMNING AN INDICTMENT OF THE RECENT DECISION TO TRANSFER THE U S LABOR OFFICER FROM MELBOURNE· TO CANBERRA AS A-WELL INFORMED CRITIC OF THI$ DECISION COULD HOPE TO SEE D IT DEMONSTRATES NOVI THAT THE PRESUMABLY IRR VQCABLE DECISION HAS BEEN MADE THE NEED TO DEVELOP 1 0 UTILIZe ' LTERNATIVE WAYS AND MEANS OF e NSURING THAT LABOR REPORTING FROM AUSTRALIA WILL BE BASED ON suaSTANTIALLY MORE THAN'A CAN8ERRA-EVE-VIEW OF WHAT IS HAPPENING AND WHY BRAND • L1M1JEO OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417016 Date 10 11 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445719 Date 12 11 2017 v- S AID MISSION TO LAOS' - - - _ - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ----------------------- July 7 197 5 IRELEASE IN PAiu 861 Mr Douglas Pike Department of State • Policy Planning Staff S I P Washington D C 20523 Dear Mr Pike This will acknowledge receipt of STATE 136378 of June 12 1975 and STATE 155543 of July 2 1975 concerning my ·dissent message BANGKOK 10830 of June Ii 1975 I agree that my recommendation for a new team has been overtaken by events However as the predictions I made in'my dissent message have come true I find it difficultto follow the reasoning which arrives at the conclusion that· there is no indication that a different negotiating team would have altered the o utcome - This statement is especially curious since never having asked the appropriate authorities cannot have known the approach intended by the suggested new team As my dissent was against the policy being followed at he time the lack of interest in this point on the part of the policy makers raises the question of how a substantial argument was developed against the recommendation In this connection I would also be interested in 'Knowing the rationale employed in the determination to repeat my dissent message verbation to Vientiane• - ' ' -q r w' ' ' ' ' ' · - ' - ' _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- • • •• ' -' - ' 7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445719 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445719 Date 12 11 2017 • 1' - 2 Mr Douglas Pike July 7 1975 ' our early response o the above and any other background you may provide as regards the final determination on ad he ring to existing policy would be most welcome B6 I' APO San Francisco 96346 -1 - - - ' ' • 'o · r t • 7t' - _ 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445719 Date 12 11 2017 • 'IL •• --T - T T • • I ft -- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431994 Date 11 13 2017 - l _Case No -- -J -----PAGE 01 ORIGIN STATE Oc T'-' 'l' 150-00 INFO 25 52 2357 IRELEASE IN FULLI ONY-C1 lij 333 R DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY BDM APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P CFARRAR S P-OF-DSKINNEY DESIR D DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY - a --------------- ---0 98'083 19041217 Z 14 R 182045Z OCT 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY JAKARTA UNCLAS STATE 250052 I''-U 1 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS SUBJ ECT REF ' DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE J JAKARTA 13762 FOR AID DISSENTERS FROM LAKE-S P 1 TH I S WI L L ACKNOWL r DGE RECE I pT Of' YOUR 0 I SSE N I CHANNEL MESSAGE ON THE AID LIFESTYLE IN JAKARTA MR CURTIS FARRAR OF tHE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS SEEN DESIGNATED IN COORDINATOR IN C'HARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL PROCEDURES YOUR MESSAGE HAS SEEN DISTRIBUTEO 1 0 THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ADMIN STRATOR OF THE AGENCY FOR INTERNATlONAL DEVELOPMENT AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR THE BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF TH DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE $UB MITTEO VANCE 'J '- -- - UNCLASSIFIED --- - --- -------- ---- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431994 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446186 Date 12 11 2017 r 'j r f rl f tI I R I I l I CT ION ' COpy SAIIII A 01223 SP'P2 l D qU rtl1zcnl r 02 or ISO- O IO 4 0 S'OI Ui4GLASS I f 1 EU' tt3 2115t1Z rED 13 rH AIIEI'aASSY SAIIIIIIGO 10 SECSlAn I S Ge82l6 UIIClr S SECIIOII 1 OI$S£II1 1 S IIT miliA em HCqEDlIlIIG SCHOOLS III IH SOlT RJI P R' r IMt IHIS I VERY U 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Stllte -I I LIMITED 0t FICIAL USE I OTG MRN ACK - SIGNATURE - l I I LEASE IN PART - CLASSIFICATION SPECIAL CHARGES LA1MRSDSGPHIlLIPS S P CFARRAR'JH EAG TEL EXT J I£O 7 7 X2' t394 NAME p Al AKE'fFICE AffA7RPpTfBOIiiI-E AA LA ECOY S IL DGOOnC lEA HA MSCHNEIDER - S P OPEN fORUM DKINNEY NAME IAME 4 CLEARANCES 6 RAN C E S 8 zI - L • OESIIl I 1 DISTRI8UTlON ROUTINE EDENCE I A P A ACTIO INFO PRECEDENCE I INFO ADDRESSES ADO fSSES SPECIAL HANDLING AIDAC _DISSENT_CHANNEL- -F ORJ E O 11652 N A -- - - - g SUBJECT 'AIFLD PROPOSAL FOR USG ASSISTANCE TO ORIT DG CI' MS DK f il LA PAZ 877b Jr WE HAVE STUDIED YOUR MESSAGE OBJECTING TO THE GRANT OF us GOVERNMENT FUNDS TO ORIT ON THE GROUNDS THAT IT HAY DAMAGE THE IMAGE OF THAT ORGANIZATION SO MUCH AS TO OUTWEIGH THE'BENEFITS OF AN EXPANDED PROGRAM 6 'J 2 THE CONCERNS YOU EXPRESS WERE CONSIDERED BEfORE A DECISION WAS MADE AFTER DISCUSSION AT THE TUNIS LABOR - ATTACHE CONfERENCE WHERE YOU WERE PRESENT AND MADE ESSENTIAllY THE SAME POINTS THE AID MISSIONS WERE ASKED fOR COMMENTS BY STATE CABLE 2 300q OF THE TWENTY RESPONDERS f9URTEEN SUPPORTED THE PROPOSAL ABOUT HALf ITH sonE KIND e- I Of RESERVATION AND SIX WERE NEUTRAL ONE OF THE LATTER RECOMMENDED AGAINST ACTIVITIES IN THAT PARTICULAR COUNTRY ONLY THE MISSIONS IN ARGENTINA AND BOLIVIA EXPRESSED CON$ERN ABOUT ORIT ACCEPTING USG SUPPORT 8 w j 4 PRESUMABLY THE LABOR ORGANIZATIONS THEMSELVES WOULD BE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE TO THE KIND Of DAMAGE YOU ARN OF WE UNDERSTAND THAT THE ORIT EXECUTIVE BOARD CONSIDERED THE 2 r o ' I£ '____________________ I - - 4_ _ _ i --- -- - -_ Y' ' ' ' I l · LIt1ITE '·OF f I ·IAL USE 50 IB 5 10 1 ' 3 J ill1 1 CR'il - TAGS REF - INITIAl S rP ROH S P_LAKE J l I'''' __________________ ____ _'-____ L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do No C06431613 Date 11 13 2017 86 LInI TED OffICIAL USE _ _ • QUEsTION A FORMAL THEY ARE ittATTER INOT SEEM t 10 -_ _ _ M_ - - -I _ 3 · 2 E r'Mo • • _ _ _ _ _- - ' BEfOREAUTHORIZING THE- SECREmv GENERAL TO MiK • REQUEST fOR ASSIST-ANCE · AlflJ ·HAS· ASSURE» US THATt • WORKING VERY CLOSEL Y1 WITH ·THE AfLo CIO ON -THE·• THUS THOSE nOST CLOSELY· AND 1 1RE TLY INV·OLVED ·DO TO fEAR THE CONSEQUENCES Of uSG ASSISTANCE • - I t I I ' 'fINALLY tiE BELIEVE IT IS IMPO·RTANT TO -TAKE INTO· CON- SIJ ERATION 'THE' EI'1PHASIS ON· HunAN RIGHTS· INCLUDING· TRADE· I UNION RIGHTS THAT CHARACTE·RIZES ·USG ACTIVITV · IN ·LATIN· ·AMERICA DEMOCRATIC LABOR REPRESENTATIVES IN THE AR·EA ARE - WELL ·AhfAR 'OF OUR ATTITUDE-S AND ARE IN· SYI'1PATHY ·· ITH THE oN _ iHUMAN RIGHTS ASPECTS Of US·LABOR···POL·ICY • THERE IS-A NEW MOOD OF TRUST AND CONFIDENCE AND WE THINK· US ASS1STANCE ·TO OR1T CAN USEFULLY CONTRIBUTE ·TO- WHAT-THE· US··IS O ING IN THE LABOR FIELD If filE EXPECT AN· AUTonATIC UNfAVORABLE r - ·REACTION WE ARE NOT DOING · JUSTICE TO ·THE BENEf·ICIAL· IMPACT OUR POLICIES AND iOUR--·ASSISTANCE ·CAN HAV J '1 - i WHILE THERE MAY BE DAMAGE ·TO· ·THE ORIT ·IMAGE IN·SOME 'REGIONS PERHAPS fOR tXAHPLE ·1N -·BOLIVIA 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2017 I' I I I I A -- RELEASE IN PART 86 ' q' I' S P O I'lILETIC i BD 1 D ' ' t 72 11-- 7- '77 S f l l lAKE SIP Cr AF Ri R - I S P- lf -r f r- DSI INI EY' 0 a · E • L A PAZ I OUTI K -' c - Oi' lY SIP '1 1 Jl -J lJ l'l t J J N A SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF fOR 1 1 LA PAZ 8776 1 I FI OI'l SlP-lAKE THIS l l It LAC Ki N LED GE ECE IPT Of YOUR DISSENT CHMW L MESSAGE of O T08E 31 1977 MR CURTIS FARRAR OF 7 E POLICY PLANNn G STAFF HA BEEN riESIG JATED COORr TNf TOR J i l CI1Ai-'i - A SU8STANTlVE REPLY I ACCO DANCE WITH STIPULATED DISSE T CHfli f'lEL REGULATIOHS· tOur i'lESSt GE HAS BEEN CIRCULATEri 'f 'fHE lFF'ICE OF THE SECr i 'fARY THE EXECUTIVE f CR l'Ar Y ANI THE CHAIf i'lt N or THE OflEt FORlm AS t ELL t S THE ASSIST HH SECR Tt RY FOR I J1'Et -Mir IO N f f FAr S AND THE tiDrnN rSnU T F C THE AGE t·· C Y f OR r r iF r' NAT I ' A I r E VEL or f1 NT lllE COfli'ir Nr y u USC Of TliE DISSEiH CHAN L ld- D WILL RESPOi·1D 1 '3 Pi Or'iPTL ' AS PO SSI8U' HI 'rHE VIEW YOU Ii WE SUSrIITTEJ I 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•• •• Jt _ N' _tl _II ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •__ ' _ _ _ __________ 0- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No S 06432060 Date 11 13 2017 co 641540 IED 0 ' -_ - - - --------- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415401 Date 10 11 o 11 • j C LUA r I lHi ti 9 DejJartnH nt Of Sta te '- OUTGO ING PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-ell STATE TELEGRAM 26B3el RELEASE IN PART 150-130 R 113133 9765 86 DRAFTED 8Y SIP MACASEY 80M APPROVED BY S P ALAKE SIP CFARRf R SIP-OF DSKINNEY DESIRED DISTRISUTlON SIP ONLY R 091628Z NOV 77 FM BE CST ATE WASHOe TO AMEMBASSY MANILA _' ----- ------------04e128 101025Z III UNCLAS STATE 268301 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N A N A SUBJECT REF D SSENT CHANNEL MA NIL A I 7 2 7 9 FORIL _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ o MESSAGE ---1IFJ OM 86 S P-LAKE I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE OF f'IOVEM8ER 2 1977 MR CURTIS FARRAR OF THE POI ICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE Of I SUBSTANTIVE flEPLY HI ACCORDANCE WITH Si'IPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS ElEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECuTiVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMI' N OF THE OPEN fORUM AS WELL THE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR THE BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN AFFAIRSANOTHE ADMINISTRATOR FOR THE AGENCY FOR INT RNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WE COMMEND YOUR USE OP THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE o UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of_State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415401 Date 10 11 2017 co 64160 62 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416062 Date 10 11 2017 fIt-rS1TilfITn-rn'1 CONFIDENTIAL Depdrt7n nt Of State PAGE ell ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 STATE 066815 150-00 ONY-00 OUTGOING TELEGRAM 4585 003 RELEASE IN R PART 86 DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY BDM APPROVED BY SIP MELY S P RJHARRINGTON DRAFT SIP-OF N80YER ORAFT EB IFO OIA RJSMITH ARA ECP JO'MAHONY beSl EO S1 leur ON SIP ONLY o 252050Z MAR 77 ------------------252142Z 112282 70 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA IMMEDIATE CON F IDE N T I A L STATE 066815 STADIS I I I DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 GDS TAGS · EINV CO SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE MI SSI O N q - - - - - -_ _ _REF FOR A OPIC ANDEAN I'NVESTMENT BOGOTA 2651 L I_ _- - - ' 86 BUREAUS ACTIVELY CONCERNED WITH RESPONDING TO YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON THE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION ARE AWARE DF THE PLANNED ARRIVAL OF THE OPIC REPRESENTATIVES ON MARCH 28 ALTHOUGH YOUR PARA FIVE REFTEL IS WELL-TAKEN THE ADVANCE TEAM HAS BEEN AUTHORIZED TO PROCEED AND IS EXPECTEO TO 00 Q DISPATCH OF THE TEAM SHOULD NOT NECESSARILY 8E CONSTRUED TO MEAN THAT THAT SUGGESTION POSITED IN YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE HAS BEEN OVERTAKEN 8Y EVENTS WE EXPECT TO REPLY TO YOUR DISSENT VERY SHORTL Y VANCE 1 CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416062 Date 10 11 2017 -_ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431086 Date 11 13 2017 Nrt J Ai'J' • I--'-- -- P£l 8 v o 1 --- 2''1 _ d iil ' - e '· • y - ' _ _ _ 4 0 ' ' t • • ---- _ f RELEASE IN PART LiMiTED OF iclAL USE stir 86 2 1e8i iMif D oF i¢iA US afirE p' '6e2' Diss NT· CHANN L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431086 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431086 Date 11 13 2017 0 ' 'E- • z r l' ' ll 4 Jri fA • PAGE' 0 2' - lIr LiMif D o iaiiCr Ds I aT TE' 2 7ee · ·q I ' ' I r r I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431086 Date 11 13 2017 • _ _ •• • - - _- - - o ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 p t I ' LIMITED oFF ctA RELEASE IN PART 86 USE • • • • • • • • w •• • • • • • • • • 'f J 1 8 ES til o 8 Z S' LIMITEO USS 8RIOGEtOWN 4e8 _O FICXAL 4 DISSENT CHAN E FROM I ------------------ 86 E b l1B 2i NiA EAXO ae X SUSJi INeR ASEO STAFFING • ROO C T GS' 24C4 WAS CRAFTeD Sy 86 IT HAS THE CONCUR I 86 e REFTE PROPOSES AN INCREASE IN THE 8f FFING of THE ROO e WHxtH WOULD RESULT-IN A TotAL OF'FIVE US 'NO POUR SARSADIM4 TCN EMPI OYEES PRESENT' STAFF CONS1STS OF T O US AND THO 9ARaAOIAN EMP OYEES UNTI' JUN -OP T I · yeAR AID bID NOT HAVE ANYONE ASSIGNEO-HERE ON AP MA ENT BASIS NO THE Ale PROGRAM WAS CARRIeD o ey A Co a% AT ION OF MONITORING ON THE PART OF THE EMaAsSY'e ECONOMICI - COMME CIAL 'OFFICER ANO TO'1 ASSIGNMENTS PUT op'· WAaHIN T ON OESP-XTe THe STABLISHMENT OF ROO C AND ASSIGRMcNT dF TWO AtD FFICERS THE'TOY ASSIGNMENts HAVE 'CONt%N EO ITH MOR OR I ESS THE SAME FREQUENCY · 6 3 THE Alb PROG AM IS A MUL TILATeRAL P ROGRAM AOMiNISTEREO OR TO Sf AOMINISTERED THROUGH A NUMBER OF REGIONAL ORGA lZA TIONS ESpECIAt L V THE CARI8eEAN OEVE o'PMENT SAN S ·ccos ··· AS w UNDERstAND IT THERE IS NOHLIKE ' PROSPECT AAt '1 xe SITUATION Wl L CMANGE HOWEVER 80TH OISBURseMENTSARD·'THe ' L IMITEO OFF C A USE - l'r · • - _ I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of _ te_ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 6 rJ o s pS f 1 IMtTEO OFEICIA U PAGe 02 COMPLEXITY OF THE PROGRAM ARE EXPECTEO TO INCREASE IT IS ON'THxs BASIS THAT ROO C ARGUES FOR THE PROPOSEo INCREASe WHIcA AS A R AOY NOTEO uULO MORE THAN OOUBLE'THE NUMBER OF EMPL OYEES W 00 NOT aE H Ve SUCH AN INCREAS ' ' OR rMOE O A V INCR£AS AT A •• CAN BE SHOWN TO BE JUSTIF tED IN 1HE Ae OF A a ATERA PRO RAM TO ONTENO OTH£RWtSE XT SEEMS TO us 'IS VERY L IKE ARGUING FOR AN INCREASE IN'ITME NUMSgR QF ADMIRALS IN TH SWISS NAVY C T 'TH EE' M JOR ACTIVITIES AaSOCIATEO WITH ANV AID PROGRAM PROGRAMMING I MPL 'MENTATI ON ANO MONI tOR I NG COS OFF X L S PI AY A S N CON s rOE RAS L E R0L E' I NTH E FIRS TAN 0 APR EP0NDERA NT R0L E t N UNTl THE ECONOMXCtCOM RCXAL OFFICER IN L $S THAN ONE THIRD o THE aECQNO WHt E THE MONITORING OF THE PROGRAM ESTAal ISl·Ho1eNT OF THE ROQ C JUS CARRIED ON BY THE EMBASSV 8 HIS TIMEt 5 GOV RNMENT8 THROUGHOUT THE AREA HAVE LONG ARGUED IN FAVOR OF MORE US AID ANO'OF AID AOMINISTERED ON A at L A1E At SAS1S THE ESTASL lSHMENT OF THE RDO C E COURA iEO _ THEM - TO BEI-l EVE' iHAT TKEltt HOpES HAO' SEEN REAL I ZEP ANO iCOM M NT9 ·tHE·EF CT 'THATi At LAST THE USG HAc'RE60GNXZEO COR GRENADA is OR OOMIRICAfs NEEOS H a EN HEARD FREQUENTLY IN R CENT WEEKS OXSABua NG EA5A$SY INrER TO aARa oosi 1 0CUTORS OF THAT IDEA HAS INVaRtA Y·· L e O·TO PREeSXCNS ·OF 'OISAPPOINTM T SOME OF THEM INOICATING GENUXNE eXTT R E5S ANY U STANTXAL INCREASE-IN THE NUMBER 0' PE O N 8SX NEO TO ROO C WIL INEVXTAeLtY HAVE A X ILAR EFf EgTi I • L OCAL e e P T 'U oN WXLI BE FU SEO ON Y TO a OA8MEO • MOR CV R IT' SHOUL D SE ANTICIPATEO THAT UI TIM TELY NOT ONL Y aEWILOeRM NT aUT LSo'SU8PrCION WILL ATTEN REA IZATtON oP THE F eT TRAT ROO C eXIsTs OESP TE PROG ·AMfI T E NON Xt$TENCE - OF A elLATEAA AID e THE PROPOSED Roa C INCREASE APPEARS WHOLI Y· 1 CON81STENT WI TH· THE Ausl EiUT If IN GOVER MENT - OP ER AT I ONS rH r - HAS SEEN MPH SIZEO 'T aUCH AN EXTENT IN RE ENT YEARS F R EXAM THIS Ef ieA SY s· CONSUL AR EcurtON f WORKI OAD HAS ··lNCREASEO· ORAM TICA Y IMMIGRANT VISA WORK HAS Q OUBI EQ IN Eas 'THAN A MONTH OUE TO THE R CENT AM NOMENT OF 'THE It1MIGRATION AND L IMITEc OFFiCIAL use ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED £ U S Department ofState Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 PAGE 03 NATIBNAl fTY Acr aUT THE DEPARTMENT HAS NOT VET AUTHORIZED PERS NE INCREASES TO O A1 WITH' THIS aITUATlON ' RE MOR A IMPLICATIONS OF OVERST FF'NG iN ONE P R110N OF A'MI SION A Q UNOERSTAFF-ING IN ANOTHER NEED NOT aE SPC L EO O U T 8 8RIOGf 02A6S 151'3'Z 7 A CO-DRAFTER OF THIS MESSAGE I I HAS RECENTLy suaMITTEO A RELATED MESSAGE C6RIDGETOWN'24S2' THAt- RGUES'FOR A swtrcH'TO BILATERAL AtC FOR THE EAST-ERN C Ia EAN oeVX USLY $UCH A CHANGE HIGH Y UL%KE V Al PR SENT WOUI O EQUIR AN INCREASE IN AIO REGXCNAL ST FF NG' PORT RIS POSJTION %8 THAT I THE ABSENCE OF A at fERAL 86 APPRPACH THERE IS NO J ST FrCATXON AT 'PRESENT' FOR-A Y AID TAFF IN REASE HERE OECONTRQ 6RZT ON ' UPON R CEIPT i L j _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ P ' __ _- -- _ _ __ ••_ _ _ _ _ _--- ' __•__ - _ ••_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431106 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431703 Date 12 11 2017 _•• 2 _' l - 'f - _ • w ' 1 •• I ' COMf'IaEWfIA ' · o f_ ' ' k • _ _ 4 ·IRELEASE IN FULLI-· Dear Jim ' I appreciate your special and personal interest in the ILO'and the u s position This'is an issue that also greatly concerns me I We share your assessment·that the ILO made significant progress in the months between the date of oux'November 1975 _ TU -r le ter of intent to withdra and the embe9 1977 Conference Most heartening has been the new cohesion of industrialized free market countries th I am particularly L g r_a_t_e_f_U_l_f_o_r- -t_h_e_s_o- -l_i_d_s_U-Op - p -o- -r_t_o- f y _o_u- -r_ow_n_c_o_un_trymen -f l Whatever our decision 've view that support as a very solid achievement in our two year effort and it will be fully reflected 'in-our final assessment At the same time as you point out the June 1917 International Labor Conference was a real disappointment We were not expecting' victory cross the·board hoped for cohcrete signs f c ntinuing We had momentum on at least some of the issues • Except for your upport and that of other industrialized democra cies--and I do' not minimize this--I think you will agree that we failed to continue this momentum COMFIDBN'%'IAL GDS ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431 03 Date 12 11 2017 I ---------------------------------------------------------- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431703 Date 12 11 2017 -eOflPIBENTIlL - II • - --- --- -- -2- We have repeatedly stated that we will review all of • Our assess- the factors involved before making a decision r • ment will include the full two-year record of our effort to reform the views of our friends and the value of the work of the organization in achieving its goals the results of the Conference and the specia Obviously atmosphere which prevailed will be a ce'ntral factor Whatever we decide I continue to believe that one mistake too often made by the l'lest is our inabllity to engage in coord ina ted d iplomatic approaches to developing count'ries on key issues in inter'n tional organizations For the last two years the United States made reform of the ILO an irnportan item in its bilateral lesson of the last two years seems to can do a great dea dipl macy be The that one country but not enough ·r would therefore hope that-whatever the U S decisio the EC-9 in particu1ar can agree publicly that its governments intend to accord ILO reform an import nt place on their bilateral agenda in the future and to make an intense diplomatic effort to build on the core of support we already have As my colleagues have informed you ''Ie plan to consult with you prior to any public announcement of a o s decision CONE IDE Ml'IAL - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431703 Date 12 11 2017 -_ -_ - --- - ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431703 Date 12 11 2017 --- '- --''------- - -- CQNFI9BN' E'IAL -3Whatever I he final outcome · we look-forward to 6rking closely with our British friends on international labor issues With warm wishes - Sincereiy Jimmy Carter - ' CONFIDENTIAL 1 • W'l r - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0643' q3 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06446241 Date 12 11 2017 • Oct obeX' 21 lJrl J' ' -• 't I Y£1' ' • c ttf t 'i ur i I fI IY'''lljlitJ Z t t if l n n s U RF rr i A - Assistant Secretary Then'lus J 'Ii PA - Assistant necretary Carter L - Deputv Assi Stant J egal· Adviser l 1arks H DGP - R n bilSS dor BC lrnes' ' 1-1 1 -10 - 111 Malone '1'0 M CODE J V pel ' e I ers O 25 73 1·1 - Een U Read e t L SUBJECT Classi£icat ion Decl assifica'don Center ' Qctobel 13 conV'ersat ons lH h the A f is1 ant Secret ari 'es for A and Pl I have '1ecide d af t r considel ing all of 'i he lnerncrand t m d iel resenta· t tons milde cha t we I- OhouJ no · il 3tit te selveral xeorganizat ion 11'lOVes i S' requ irG d b ' Execu'd e Order 2p65 Section 5-604 a b and c separate xesponsibilities for operations c' ppe 1 1s and wersigh of all decll lssification roat i e r s 'lhould be set up as follows a COllfil ming· y ' I - A O J srations 1 Guic1elil 1eS Po1 5 cies fication classifIcatlcm Revj ew for Classi- A new J ep'ut ' Asoistal'lt Secret F l ' will be appointed to A to be in charge of Z ne '1 Class i fication Declassiiication Ceri er rhe Center '-'1i11 be co·-located with F _DRC 'On the first fIool ' he D1 5 ill be ze€E E§JJ l _# t' 0' nd and He • --All Department al '£ 0 classification and de claGsificat on activities ---Conducting an educational Frogram on the new Executive Order ' --Deciding all forrllal declassifioation XeleC' se · and denial issues in the first instance -' ' lld --Providing D ppropr i ate staffing of nll appeals non·-vct i ro g member of ppanJ 1' panels j sero 5 nlJ ns Je-'I ' UNCLAssiFIED' ITs t epartment of State _ • Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06446241 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446241 Date 12 11 2017 • r ' 2 --Pr oviding all 'Department reports and information requ i l'ed by the Information Security Oversight Offic i and ' --Represel lting the Department ''lith L tihen appropriate all the Irlterag ncy Information seGuritj' Coromi t tee The'staff of the center will include Up to six new PC si tions incl uding that for the ne -7 DAS a po tion of the current A staff dealing 'lith Privacy Act matters part of the FOI staff hich '-1ill be transferred from PJ an indeterminate nUUl Cl' of positions to be transferred from the regional and f unctional bureaus iM ch are presently used primarily £0 1 ' 'FOI declassification revie -l purposes and an indetermil1ate number of PIT positions to be· made up principally of retired Foreign Service Officers who may be organiz'od to work on a split-day shift system or other part-t i me arrangements in sufficient numbers to accomplish the objectives of the Executive Order The selection 'of ' the i n dividutll officers '-lill be done in coordination ' ith the bureaus 'l'he DliS in charge of the Center ilJ operate in a quasi-au tonornous manner in accordance lith classification declassification guidelinas and policies to'be eveJ oped by a committee chaired by the DAS with representatives of the concerned regional and functional bureaus including PA The bureaus ''''ill propose' s·ubstantive guidelines and policies for their respective areas fo r submission to the cOlJlJuittee 111ich will in turn revie 'l them and promulgate the £inal directives Requ est Processing and Ha'intenance of c'lassifi fl catl on Status he Deputy Assistant Secretary for Operations will be Tesponsible fo processing requests to provide all rele ant information materials furnish'these materials to the Classification Declassification Center for review and aintain a record of all Department declassification decisions The Deputy Assistant Secretary for Operations ' lill also identify and provide 'Xecords to the Classification tOne or two pos tions ''7i11 l emain in PA to staff appeals if i t proves necessary and desirable four or five be transferred to PADRe for xequest pro- posit ons wi l cessing and the rest to the Classification Declassificaton Center ' • - • • - r ' •• _ - _ •• • -- 1 ••_ _ - - - - - - - __ _--- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446241 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 Limited Official Use April 17 1972 To S PC - Mr Cargo I 86 From Dissent The Soviet Union and Vietnam Through the Department's established procedure I wis to submit· my strongly held views on this critical subject I first sought to affect policy as it was being made On April 8 I submitted to Mr Richard T Davies a draft memorandum from Mr Hillenbrand to the Secretary covering a draft memorandum for the Secretary to send to the President During the week I asked about my drafts and made several efforts to have them moved forward Unfortunately Mr Davies had to leave for Moscow before I could speak with him again but I believe my assumption is correct that he judged my drafts would not express considered Departmental poli·cy I of course accept this as proper but it·is for this reason that I turn to the dissent channel It is my conviction that profound American ·interests are being jeopardized by our present course in Vietnam insofar as it relat to the USSR I wish to seek to affect our present policy in any way open to me As a loyal Foreign Service Officer I do not believe in leaking or in public dissent but I do hope my views will be given due consideration A wprd about my credentials for commenting I began studying Soviet affairs in 1951 have been in Soviet affairs continuously in the Foreign Service since 1959 served in Moscow from 1962 to 1964 and worked on the Soviet side of the Vietnam talks in Paris under both Harriman and Lodge from May 1968 to uly 1969 I am now'on the Soviet Desk '-' - _- _- -- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 r 'i I Limited Official Use THE SOVIET UNION AND VIETNAM I will argue in this paper that the present U S course of action towards Vietnam places the Moscow summit in jeopardy and endangers American interests of far greater importance than the current military ituation in Vietnam • ' Keeping the Soviet perspective in mind the following are' the key developments leading to the present Vietnam situation 1 Out of the long history of the war three fundamental facts stand out First the Soviet Union has always been committed to the DRV as a socialist ally Second the bombing of the DRV iaunched when Kosygin was in Hanoi always 'put the USSR in an acutely embarrassing situation especially in the competition with Peking Third against Chinese wishes the Soviets worked to get the DRV and NLF to negotiate in Paris Our policy of r'Vietnamization ' apparently looked to the Soviets like a turning of our backs on the Paris talks ·as a serious negotiating channel 2 Most recently the President's trip to Peking exacerbated the USSR's problems in dealing with Hanoi Competing with the PRC for influence the Soviets condemned the PRC for Ignoring or even betraying the Vietnamese cause The continuation of Soviet aid to Hanoi was essential in the Sino-Soviet context although there are strong indications that the USSR refused to give all that Hanoi wanted 3 Our new position'on the Paris talks by Hanoi to be a boycott put Moscow--the advocate of the talks--in a weaker arguing position in Hanoi The approach of the Moscow summit made it harder for the Soviets to show weakness in supporting Hanoi t ken 4 The weight of the e idence strongly argues Moscow did'not encourage the present DRV offensive but was in no position t o dissuade Hanoi from launching it Moscow was obligated to provide aid and express some support Backing away from military aid commitments was a policy the Politburo could not have agreed on • tha _ ' - _ · - _ -1 _____ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 _ _--- ------ ------_ --- _ _ _- _ - -----_ - _ _------_ _- __ _- - -- - - --- -- - - Limited Official Use 2 At present our public signals to MOscow followed by the bombing of Haiphong and Hanoi have put the Soviets in an acutely embarrassing position In my opinion we should not imagine that because of our opening to China we have the Soviets in a position of weakness from which they cannot afford to react to our moves Almost the opposite is more likely true Unless they are to look weak--to the world and to each other within the Politburo--they will be forc ed to react The potential loss for American interests I believe is much more serious than any loss we could suffer now in Vietnam I believe the Soviets see their own situation at present as follows ' Their aid commitment to the DRV cannot be reneged upon The Soviets do not control Hanoi They must demonstrate loyalty must work out their arms delivery policy from a poor negotiating position and cannot impose political or military advice In the absence of Pari negotiations or any m e back towards the table in Paris their inf luence is lessened nd the renewed bombing exposes Moscow to charges of complicity with imperialism in movin'g towards the summit ·· Larger Soviet purposes 'dictate continued lattachm nt to the summit especially the desirejto keep up with Peking and not promote further U S -PRC rapprochement but the pressures from the Vietnam situation are more immediate and become inexorable Once put on the spot as Hanoi's essential ally the Soviets must live up to the commitment as a matter of priority over most other things Cancellation or' postponement of the summit wou d be a probable step and if the military situation continued bad--if the bombing esca1at d--then stepp§d-up military aid measures would have to follow Some U S -Soviet negotiations now in progress might be kept going for specific purposes but the Soviets would be likely to move towards another freeze in U S -Soviet relations This I repeat is how I be1iev e the Soviets see their situation now I do not know if our current policy is aimed at Moscow as well as Hanbi I suspect the Soviets think it is because of the President's public statements over recent days Regardless of whether our policy is aimed 'at Hanoi alone or at both Hanoi and Moscow I would argue that the risks are more important than the possible gains Ie have tried bombing before and it failed to acccrmplish our military aims although the political damage to the United States around the world was incalculable Even i£ our bombing attains short-term military ends I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 -------Limited Official Use 3 strongly believe that a long-range U S policy in Indochina cannot be based upon it My own conviction is that the potential benefits of concrete improvements in U S -Soviet relations of East-We t relations in Europe and elsewhere enormously outweigh the short-term military advantages we hope to gain by our present course in Vietnam Tne fact is that we cannot compel the USSR to alter its own policy towards Vietnam or Hanoi's policy on the ground and I believe those who know Vietnam better than I do would also say that our military pressure cannot compel Hanoi to alter its tactics except over a very limited time span And meanwhile the harm to American interests elsewher beginning with our Soviet 're att6n8h p can be lasting and deep 'Therefore I would plead for a cessation of U S statements tending to put responsibility on the Soviet Union for events in Vietnam and would urge an avoidance of the type of bombings of the DRV which might force the Soviets to take compensatory political or military steps - - _ a- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471979 Date 01 11 2018 I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472537 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART Departme nt Of State LIMJT D orEIC AL PAGE 01 MBA8AN ' 61 86 TELEGRAM USE 221 f '48Z IS AC ION SS 'I' INfO OCT 0 1 015 W 0111458 R 220950Z SEp 72 FM AHEMBASSY MBABANE TO SECSTATE WASHOC 3916 INFO AMEMBASSY GABORONE AMEMBASSY MASERu AMEMBASSV PRETORI l '1 MIT ED 0 FF J C I AL 'U S E MBA 8 AN E I 6 I 9 9JSSENT CHANNEL FO J OIOG REF I I AI A 9235' I B 1 35'59' I THIS CA8LE TRANSMITS DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED L- _ _ IOMC CHARGE I i y 2- I STRONGLY PRO EST ALL PARTIES IREF Al AGREEING TO DISENFRANCHISE ME ' 6 1'10 OTHERs IN SIMILAR CIRCUMSTANCES IN ' REPRESENTATION ELECTION UNDfR EXECUTIVE-ORDER 11636 AFR CA AND OTHER AREAS STAFFED THRoUGHOUT WITH FSOQ4 3 DCiSM AND PRINCIPAL OFFICERS MANY OF WHOM HAVE BEEN CONSISTENTLY ACTIVE IN 'ATTEMPTS ACHIEVE IMPROVEMENT SUCH AS BY SERVICE ON 'TASK FoRCES AND IN DAILY PERFORHANC PRESENT AND pREVIOUS POSI TIONS AGREEMENT bF DEPARTMENT TO DEF NltION T ESE OFFICERS AS MANAGEMENT OFFICIALS AND CONSEQUENT EXCLUSION FROM BALLOT PRIVILEGE SEe MS IMPLY AGREEf'l ENT' ITH iHESIS THAT A PROGRAM 'I DIRECTOR IN PIELD' IS IPSO FACTO A jlTOOL OF MANAG'EMENT AND THEREFORE INCAPAgLE OF VOTING AN INDEPENDENT JUDGMENT THIS 'IS DEMEANING IT IS ALSO 6rSCRJMINATING INCE OF ltERs DE 'SIMILAR OR HIGHER RANKS IN LARGER PosTS OR DEPARTHENT WHO MAY 6E IN SECTION CHIEF POSITIONS APPARENTLY WILL VOTE IT IS MY FOREIGN SERVICE TOOQ FINALLY T BELIEVE THAT FIELD EHPo LOYEE-MANAGEMENT RELATIONS H S B NEFtTtD AND WILL ONTtNUE TO 00 SO BY JUDGM NTS OF FOREIGN SERV1CE OFFrCERS W O I LIMITED OFFI IAL 3 I _ ' o § '- 5 2 USE f y- 7-7 3 e rtY _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __-_ ______ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472537 Date 01 11 2018 '86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472537 Date 01 11 2018 Department of State TELEGRAM LIMITED OrfICIAL USE PAGE 02 HSABAN 01619 221048Z AVE EARNED ASSIGNMENT TO RESPON IBLE PO ITIONS IN FIELD- I URGE DEPARTMENT TO CON1'INUE CONSIDER RANCHISE ELIGI8ILI Y QUE3TTON IN LIGHi VERY EXISTENCE THIS TELEGRAHo IF I WERE ToOL OF STA DEPA TMENT MANAGEH NT OBVIO SLV I WOU o NOT SENO IT· I I 86 IMtTED FORM - C1 tQ 05 1652 - ---- OFflCIAL USE -- - --- ---o-----' ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472537 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473005 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 DISSENT ACTION FORM l-lessage Type Telegram - Unclassified Date June 13 1974 Number ' ' 1876 -- -------- Drafted by 1 __________ Office or Area pevelopmen Office - Ya9unde Post ------------------------------------------------------ i l S p Action Date Received June 14 1974 J 1op tl''t Action Officer -1 2 '2 » Initial Distribution Secretary Exec Sec SIp Director OFP Chairman Acknowledgrnen Sent t C_5 ___________ Date G - zlf-- 7'1 Number of Message S fa t Sir-it e Further Action ' i t lJ'-- 13 1 79 $- 30 C 7'- V l'Iotee P0z el 0 H fJ 1 'liS r '-A 'I Final Disposition Final Report Sent to'Drafter Date 7 -10 - 7f Number of Message _ L e tI_e_ ' ______ -----------------------------------------------------OFP Action Initial Notification _______________ Action ---- h- Passed immediately to Peter Swier who deferred action because of administrative nature of message Called Mr Hopkins in AID for guidance ----- ---- -----_ _ ' C'I I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473005 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE REA805 ' KO 08679 PAGE ill 2910 3Z ' fl' 41 ACTIO S - INF'O 1004 t OCrq 1 ----- _----------- 0 59916 R 290912Z MAY 74 FM AMEMBASSY BANGKOK TO SECSTATE ASHDC 3668 LIMITED OFf'ICIAL USE BANGKOK 8679 D I SSE NT eHA NNEL EO 116521 NA TA GS AORG EAID TH SUBJECT REORGA NIZAT ION OF RED- US OM RELAT IO JSHIPS REF' STATE 137086 ' 1 THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A' DISSENTING VIEtv SUBMITTING BY ' JR ACTING DIRECTOR RED P UT Y 0 IR Ecr OR RED ' ASST fINANCIAL AND MANAGEMENT OFFICER lOR nIGI NEER I NG ADVISOR IONAL DEV2Lopr1ENT ADVISOR REGIONAL fINANCIAL AND MANAGEMENT OFFICER ONG PROJECT OFFICER ITAL PROJECTS DEV OFFICER ASSISTANT P O RAM OFFICER EG I 0 NAL PROGR AM OFFI CER REGIONAL RESEARCH OFFICER REG IorlAL PROGR AM EVAL UA ION OFF' CER •• j ' 2 SUMMARY IN THE SPIRIT OF CONSTRUCTIVE DISSENT 1HICH WE mro RSTAND IS ENCOURAGED WHEN SUBSTAtJTIVE POLICY ISSUES ARE AT I 86 ST J t E ARE TRANSMITTING HERE 'ITH THE COLLECTIW VIEWS OF THE FOREGOING RED STAFF' REGARDING' THe POLICY IMPLICATIONS OF PL CING u S PARTICIP'ATION IN REGIONAL ACTIVITIES IN NHlE COUNTRIES Of SOUTHEAST ASIA UNDER THE DIRECTION OF orJE OF THE SIX u s BILATERAL AID - '---' - - russ- -- - -- - ---- ---------- ----- - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 lIM lTED OFF CIAL USE PAGE 02 BANGKO 08679 291033Z IONS OF' THE REGION E G USOM THAILAND THESE VIE JS ARE OFFERED ON THE PRESU PTION THAT DISCREET AND EF'FE CnVE U S PARTICIPATION IN REGIONAL COOPERATION BY ASIANS IS STILL ' HTHIN U S FOREIGN pCl Iey INTERESTS IN THIS AREA IF THIS PRESUr 1PTION IS CORRECT THEN S WE FAIt TO· SEE HOW SUCH Hrr RESTS CAN BE MAINTAINED UNDER THE ADM1N rAArIVE ARRANGEMENT OUTLINED IN PARA 2 REFTEl WE OFry R THESE VIEWS ON THE BASIS OF' OUR lONG COLLECTIVE EXPERIENCE IN REGIO JAL AND ALSO BILATERAL PROGRAMS IN ASIA AND OTHER REGIOrJS WE BELIEVE THE$E OPINION$ ARE AN OBJECTIVE ASSESSr1ENT SINCE MOST OF THE STArF SIGNING THIS CABLE Hl l BE LEAVI G f - E I N FOR NEW ASS'IGNEMENTS IHTHIN THE NEXT nlE LVE MONTHS IN GOOD cor ­ SCIENCE IJE FEEL COMPELLED TO POINT OUT OUR STRONG RE iERVATI0r S AND CONCERN THAT t HAT ASIANS HAVE COME TO IDENTIFY AS SYMPATHETIC U S SUPPORT OF ASIAN REGIONALISM IS ABOUT TO BE COMPROMISED JNl ER TIiJ R USR I C OF' ADM I NI STR AT I VE CONVE MIE NCE OR 8 mEA UCRAT I C EFFI CIE NC IE S I Ir WITHIN REVISED U S POLICY INl'ERESTS IT HAS BEEN DETERMINED THAT I THE U S BEST DIVO CE ITSELF mOM A MEANINGF'UL ROLE IN SUPPORTING REGIO JAL CO'OPERATION IN THIS AREA THE N OF' COURSE THE FOLLOtHNG VIEWS HAVE NO BASIS THZ VIE S EXPRESSED HERE DO JOT QUESTION THE DESIRABILITY OF RED AND USOt1 SHARING A SINGLE PHYSICAL LOCAT·ION AND APPROPRIATE ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT FACILITIES WHICH MIGGHT PRODUCE nSCAL SAVINGS END SUMMARY 3 SINCE ITS INITIATION IN 1966 THE U S REGIONAL ECONClHC DEVELOPMENT OFFICE FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA RED HAS BEEN OPERATED BY A SMALL GROUP OF SIXTEEN OFFICERS WOR KUJG rJlTH REGIONAL I NST ITUT I SINCE TH IR I C PTION IN NINE ASIAN NATIONS IT HAs DEVELOPED A PROGRAMMING METHO' CLOGY WITH A VIE TO GIVING ASIANS FllL RES ONSIB s· ILITI S IN PROGR 'I1 DISI N AND PROJECT OPERATtO S ND BUILT INTO THESE MONITORING AND EVALUATION TECHNIZUES TO Be CARRIED OUT BY ASIAN RECIPIENTS AS WELL AS BY THE USG AS ONE OF SEVERAL DONORS TH I STRATEGY HAS ACCO 1PLISHE O THE BASIC GOAL Of BUILDING ASIAN REGIONAL INSTITurIO S THIS AS DONE FOR THE MOST PART DtfrlING U s INVQLVEMEm' I THE VIETNAM 'liAR A MAJOR MODIFICATION OF u s PARTIe I ATIO IN ASIAN REGIONAL UNDERTAKINGS COULD AT THIS TIME CONVEY lH IMPRESSIOfl TO ASIANS THAT PERHAPS THE WHOLE u s MOTIVATION WAS Bur A DIVERSIOr1ARY MEASlRE WHILE WE tIERE MILIT tIRllY INVOLVED IN INDOCH- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 ' • r ' LIMITED OF'F'ICIAL USE PAGE 03 BANGHO 08679 29 J033Z ' MODIFICATION 'liE FIND THE PROPOSAL OUTLINED THERE INTERNALLY INCONSISTENT AND UNLIKELY TO PROVE 10RKABLE ' E DO NOT SEE H0 4 RED CAN CONTINlE AS A QTE SEPARATE OFF'ICE UNQTE l 1TH DISTINCT PROGRAMS IN NINE COUNTRIES ' HILE AT THE SAME TIME HAVING ITS QTE DIRECTOR UNQTE REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF THE BILATERAL AID MISSION TO THAILAND t E ARE A ARe OF THE WORKING ARRANGEMENTS WHICH HAVE BEEN D VISED B nIEEN AID'S REGIONAL AND BILATERAL PROGRAMS IN AFRICA AND CENTRAL AMERICA AND HAVE ALWAYS SCRUTINIZED RED'S STRUCTURE AND OPERATIOIJS IITH A VIEW TO DEVISING BETTER ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS IF SUCH SEEMED FEASIBLE HERg IN BANGKOK MOST EMBASSIES HAVE EITHER A COUSELLO OR FIRST SECRE TARY I N CHARGE OF REGIO'NAL AFFAIRS THE USG t HICH THROUSH RED HAS BEEN AT THE FOREFRONT IN FORMULATING MUt TILATERAL REGIONAL UNDERTAKINGS BOTH THROUGH INFORMAL MEETINGS Or SUCH OFF'ICERS AND IN INTERNATIONAL FORUMS CotNENED BY THE REGIONAL GROUPING - S WITH WHICH RED 'IORKS NOlll CHOOSE TO DOWNGRADE IT S POSITIOtJ OF COUN SELLOR Or EMBASSY FOR REGIONAL AFFAIRS ELIMINATE THE INDEPENDENCE AND IDENTTY OF' THE OFneE IT CReATED TO ASSIST REGIONAL mIDERTAK ' COUNTR IES UNDER THE DIRECT ION OF ITS BILATERAL AI MISSIO 1 TO THAILAND IN OUR JUDGEMENT THE ASIAN AND DONOR CO MUNITY INT RPR­ ETATlorti'GIVEN SUCH A MOVE CAN ONLY BE THAT THE U s IS Ncy RELEGAT I NG REGIONAl COOPER AT ION TO A MUCH LOWER PR IORITY INGS IN THIS AREA AND PLACE ITS REGIONAL PROGRAMS COVERING NINE 5 WE ARE ESPECIALLY CONCERNED OVER REO'S WORKING RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MEKONG COORDINATING COMMITTEE MCC AND THE TWENTY NINE 'O ID tJ WORKING tnTH THIS REGIONAL GROUP TH ILMlD'S DOMINANCE WITHIN MEXO IG BASIN AFrAIRS HAD LONG BEEN A SOUKCE OF IRRITATIOll TO THE OTHER RI AiHAN STATES LATELY THIS SITUATION HAS B EN AMELIORATED THROUGH THAI AND MCC INITIATIVES IF THE USG NCJJ1 PUTS ITS PARTICIPATION IN MEKONG BASIN DEVELOPMENT PLANNING UNDER THE AEGIS OF THE DIRECTOR OF ITS BILATERAL AID MISSION IN THAILAND TH€N THIS 'AILL PROBABLY BE VIEl rJED BY Al L RIPARIAN STATES A-S U s ACCEPTANCE AND SUP O T OF THAI HEGEMONY IN MEKONG AFF'AIRS THE CONCER N HERE IS ESPECIALL Y NOTU O THY IN COIISID' R I NG THA II1 O REt AT 10 r SHIPS TH LAO ARE F XTRe MEL Y SF NSI5TI VE IN ALlI1A SY SEEMI -1G1 Y EMERGING AS THE LOSE R J THEIR DEALINGS HTH THE THAI THE NE''''' COAl IT IO J GOVERNMENT I N LAOS lllOtn n PRO lA3LY PLACE rAR GREATER· SIGNIF'ICANCr UPO 1 U s PA HICI ATIOIJ IN MEKONG AF'F'AIRSBEING HANDLED T OIJGH THE U s BIL TERAL AID MISSION TO THAILAND THAN THE OTHER RIPARIANS BUT ALL ALONG ITH DONo NATIONS CAN BE ' • - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - • - - _• -- - - - - • ' •••••• - - NATlor s • ' r -- - - '-- -- ' 7 - 'f ' - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 LIMIIED OFFICIAL OSE LIMITED OFfICIAL USE PAGE 04 291033Z r BANGKO 08679 EXPECTED TO SPECULAT AS TO THE UNDERLYING USG POLICY MOTIVES _ 8EHiN SUCH A· MOVE THIN OTHER ASIAN REGIONAL'ORGAN IZATIONS THE ·INl'ERPREATATIO l Of THE INEGRATION OF THE U S REGIONAL OFFICE INTO THE U S BIL TERAL lISSION TO THAILAND WILL RANGE FROIl1 DOUBT S CONCERNING UNDERSTOOD U S CO l£'1In'ENrS TO ONGOING REGIONAL PROGRAMS TO QUESTIONHJG ItEGARDING THE EXPEPTED COflTINUING RO E T E Or USG IN REGIONAL ACTIVITIES • oJF THINK IT UNLIKELY THAT ANY COOPERATINGCATION WILL BELIEVE THAT THIS SUSORDUJ TION OF THE REGIONAL DIRE CTOR TO A 9ILATERAL DIRECTOR WAS PROMPTED BY RELATIV LY SMALL FINANCIAL SAVINGS OR BtREAUCRATIC EF'F'ICIENCIES BUT RATHF THAT IS IT IN FACT A i-lAJOR rOLICY SHIrt IHICH IILL CAUSE THEM TO RETHINK THEIR JJ N APPROACHES TO REGIONAL ISM 6 WE BEL EVE THAT THE REORGANIZATiO J OUTLINED IN THE HEFTEL u s NATIONAL INTERESTS IN THE REGION NOR THE I NrF RESTS Of·· THE ASIAN r AT IONS CONCER NeD £ BEllEW IT SHOULD BE TREATED AS A SUBSTANTIVE CHANGE HI USG POLICY AND P S SUCH SUBJECTED TO THE ·A NAL YSIS HICH IT DE SERVES MASTERS SERVES NElTHErt ' r • • • ' 0 o- - -- •• ''' 0 ' • - - - ' __ ____ ___ 7 '''''' ---- - ·r 'II ' • -- '-'7 ' • • • • - - - _ _ ____ o_ _ _ _ _ ·0'_ • _ _ _ ' _0_ -- _ _ · _ __o _ · ' o o_ _ -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473697 Date 01 11 2018 - I I - - - i_ • ii --_ - - - - - - - - - -_ - - - - - - - - - •• - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432062 Date 11 13 2017 D - IRELEASE IN I u - -' • 'FUll1' ' ' _ - '·0· • ·_ I f-' ' - ' · l y f PRIORITY - -_ y_ _ _ -- _r __ ' __· _ c i Jo ___ r - - r_ -·-Tr 1 · 'O -_' iw 1oloo- ·_' '_ -r _ IST G f · - ' -- 't Jo 4a - I l J ' ' p • J' c- • - _ I 'o' • t 'I' t Z A •• - t L - ' • ' - _ '_ _ •r • •• _ ' • _ Z '-I' r z _· - -c_ -' ' - - - - _ o- - 11 ' - •• ' • AIDAC'I' JO ALL MISSION ''DIRE CTORS AND '''AID REPS it v I E O 11652 • #' --- - N A f TAGS iSUBJECT FY 1978 OPERATING EXPENSES I CALL FOR YOUR IMMEDIATE ATTENTION AND REQUEST YOUR DIRECT PERSONAL INVOLVEMENT IN DEALING WITH THE CRITICAL SITUATION WE FACE WITH RESptCT ·TO OUR OPERATING EXPENSE BUDGET FOR FY 1978 1 2 REVISED REQUESTS FOR FY 1978 RECENTLY SUBMITTED BY ALL· MISSIONS TOTAL APPROXIMATELY 18 MILLION DOLLARS MORE THAN·· WAS SUBMITTED BY MISSIONS LAST YEAR AND INCLUDED THEN IN ' THt CONGRESSIONAL PRESENTATION fOR FY 1978 THI CONSTITUTES APPROXIMATELY A 33 PERCENT INCREASE WE FORESEE ADDITIUNAL INCREASES PRINCIPALLY FOR fIELD-RELATED COSTS NOT REFLECTED IN YOUR RECENT' SUBMISSIONS TOTALLING f J SOME b MILLION DOLLARS • FINALLY THE' CONGRESS COULD J J ADOPT HOUSE AND' SENATE APPROPRIATIONS'COMMITTEE REDUCTION ' E PROPOSALS OF SOME 14 MILLION DOLLARS IN THAT EVENT THE eli CURRENT OVERALL BUDGETARY REQUESTS FOR OPERATING EX'PENSE f ' FUNDS D EXCEED THE LEVEL Wt1ICH THE C9NGRESS PROVIDES t BY 38 MILLION DOLLARS t 13 I AM' PREPARED TO SEEK FRON THE 'CONGRESS' ·THE OPERATING EX ENSE fUNDS WE REQUIRE TO SUPPORT OUR PROGRAMS BUT WIll L II ' • 1Wi ---1 - 4 ' ' ' r U 'R 1nl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 2062 Date 11 13 2017 ' j o ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' • l 1 0 SO ONLY WHEN I AM PERSONAL'LV ASSURED THAT WE HAVE' TAKEN' ALL APPROPRIATE STEPS TO MANAGE OUR O E FUNDS'TIGHTLY I THEREFORE ASK YOUR · PERSONAL AND IMMEDIATE COOPERATION r ' IN A RIGOROUS BEL T-TIGHlENING EXER ISE· A COMPANION· MESSAGE'TO THIS ONE FOLLOWS WITH THE REVIEWS AND ACTIONS YOU WILL N ED TAKE AT YOUR RESPECTIVE MISS IONS - I ASSURE YOU AID W WILL BE SUBJECTED TO THE'SAME REVIEW AND AUSTERE MEASURES WE MUST'E TABLISH THRaUGH6ut HE AGE CY YOU KNOW THAT I HAVE ISSUED DIRtCTIONS TO 'TEMPORARILY FREEZE HIRING OF NEW PERSONN·El • I HAVE' ALso DIRECTED MR MACDONALD AA SER TO TAKE IMMEDIATE ACTION iTO RESTRICT WASHINGTON ACTIVITIES fUNDED fROM THE' OPERAT lNG EXPENSE BUDGET ' - • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432062 Date 11 13 2017 u CLA SSiF E l S Departme nt of tate-Ca -No -2016-07743 Doc No -C06432062 Date 11 13 2017 'l SEND TO LIST G' J ID fi IRGR Jv S AHD TELEGRAi·1S LIST G 4'ACCRA ADDIS ASP SA 2 AMftlJ N 5 2 OUAGADOUGOt 5 5 6 2 5 3 it Lt KATHr·1AHDU 1 KP IlRTOUH 3 ASUNCION B 2 BAl1AIW ' 5 BANGKOK 2 KIGALI 3' KINGSTON 2 BA1WUI 5 KINSHASA 2 BISSAU 5 BOGOT ·2 LAGOS 5 LA PAZ 2 BRASILIA 2 BUJUMBURA '11 ·CAIRO 2 COLO -mO 1 CONAKRY 5 MiNAGUA· 5 1 COTOl' OU II Dp r AR 9 DAf 1ASCUS· Ii CAR ES SAL 4Ar l 1 GEHEVA 3 GEORGETOHN QUITO RABAT Ror E SANA SAN SALVP DCR - - v1ANILA 5 3 12 5 1 FREETm'lN PORT AU PF II CE l SANTIAGO 5 SANTO DQ I -JGO 4 SEOUL 5 TE GUCIGAL A 2 TEL AVIV -- 2 NBABANE 2 MEXICO 5 DACCA PANAr A PARIS 5 SAN JOSE 5' LIrJIA 1 LISBON LOME BRIDGETm N 2 KARACHI' 1 ANKARA 1 3 NIAJ·1EY 2 NOUAKCHOTT 3 NDJ AJ1EI A 5 GUATEr' fl LA·· 9 ISLAfoU BAD 8 JAKARTA 5 KABUL '5 ABIDJAN lONROVIA TUNIS 'NONTEVIDEO 2 USUN NEvI YORK NAIROBI 11 YAOUNDE NEvl DELHI CAPTIONS 3 BANGKOK FOR USOM AND RED 3 DAKAR FOR RDO AND· OM VS COORD 3·DAR 5 ES SALAAM GUATEf1ALA F'OR OR USAID AND ROCAP - -- J • PARIS FOR UNESCO AND _ • 9 P INDICATES ADDITIC S r O 2 NAIROBI FOR USAID AND REDSO EA 5 USAID AND RDOEA ARUSHA 2 KARACHI PORAAG ' AWIDE Cm mUTER ZEu' 1 USOECD •• _ • ' 3_ ROME AlSO FOR AID OFFICE FRIULI 72 POSTS 90 '251i CYS W CAPTIONS I' I it ____ • ________ M • _ _ _ _ •• _ _ _ M' _ _ _ _ • _ 'CLAS 3IFICATION M_ _ _ _ _ ___ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ b 29 77 _ ______ _ _ _ _ _ _ ' _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 _Doc No C06432062 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFiED 1 ' I -u· s Department of State - ' ' ' - ' L n- JTJ _ ' _____ i Case No F-2016-oii43'-Ooc No C06432064 Date 11 13 2017 ·IIL'· - - It ' '-FO I · i 4 JJNCLASSIFIED - - ' - ' 2 r ___a_r • po - t t • - NaIIIIIIar 'AA i'SER RCCHAS·t-mm'C'- 8 4 77 X20966 • rr u_ _ tMI$oilll l ft r SWZ lF • • to· ' Ccrl • • l ' - - r ' J _ PHONEl AA LA EWCOY PHONE SER MP WJFRADENBERG · PHONE r- ·-·--- I l 'I - • •• ' 2- N ' - _ - ·t Xi I' c' r -w iII SIS- -crn-zee • AAI AFR WHNORTH f f ' - J_v C7' C O Y t I JSZ f • AA SER DGMA'CDONAL D • -- - • r - - - -h IRELEASE IN FULLI t· j ' W _ ' - - ' _ ' '1r3 GoO'IJ - • v' r J' ' ·_r · _- - f AA1HE BLANGMAID PHONE ' AAI ASIA DCOHEN PHONE i f ' f ' • - ' • - _ • - ' - '-•• · - ¥ ' • '· i '1 · r F £ J d 1 i·4 £jJt L L- Jd4w mt4 I PRIORITY • I • - • ' ' ' _ _ - l r '1 ' • • - O _ ••• • - •• • f - _ _ J ' - ' _ ' l ••• ' ' ' _ _ _ •• ' _ - •• •• • • J • _ 0 I • - o#' 1I E O 11652 N A TAGS SUB JEeT FY 1978 OPERATING EXPENSES 1 THE ADMINISTRATOR H S SENT YOU A SEPARATE MESSAGE ON THE IMPENDING DIFFICULTIES FACING US WITH RESPECT TO OUR FY 1978 OPERATING EXPENSE BUDGET 2 WITH RESPECT TO ANNUAL FY 1978 MISSION ALLOTMENT REQUIREMENTS YOU SHOULD SUBMIT A ESPONSEBY COB A GUST 12 WHICH HIGHLIGHTS THE EFFECTS Of REDUCTIONS FROM RECENT MOB SUBMISSION IN MISSION ALLOTMENTS AT THREE SUCCEEDING LEVELS 10 PERCENT 20 PERCENT AND 30 PERCENT REDUCTIONS SHOULD BE MADE IN PERSONNEL LEVELS U·S OR fOREIGN NATIONALS ONLY AFtER HAVING MADE ALL POSSIBLE CUTS IN I OTHER SUPPORT CATEGORIES U'H AS CANCELLATION OR DEFERRAL I UNTIL FY 1979 OF REPLACEABLE EQUIPMENT AND fURNITURE t PROCUREMENTS DECREASE IN ALL OPERATIONAL TRAVEL EXCEPT f THAT CRITICAL TO PROGRAM SUPPORT CONTRACT PERSONNEL ETC J 3 THE RESPONSE SHOULD RANK ORDER EACH IDENTIFIABLE · f REDUCTION Sy SEPARATE CAtEGORY CORRESPONDING A CLOSELY I AS POSSIBLE TO OBJECT- CLASSES fOR EXAMPLE q • 'Z - - ' ' - 1 - _ _ _ _ _ _ - ' f 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No G Q§432064 Date 11 13 2017 RANK · 1 CATEGORY REDUCTION SUPPLIES AND MATERIALS ' O m LOCAL OPERATIONAL TRAVEL b OOO r r t -' 2 3 INTERNATIONAL OPERATIONAL TRAVEL 4-7 OTHE'R CATEGORIES TO BE IDENTJ FIED '18 000 10 PERCENT REDUCTION SUBTOTAL bD OOO 8 CANCELLATION OF RESIDENTIAL EQUIPMENT 10 000 'i DEFERRAL OF RESIDENTIAL·EQWIPMENT 30 000 10 SERVICE CONTRACT FOR LOCAL SALARY SURVEY 11-15 OTHER i- ft CATEGORIE 5 000 ENbINEER POS TO BE IDENTIFIED 17 000 INTE ATIONAL 12'0' 000 NO •• ASSIGNMENT PROGRAM OFFICER POSe ·17 NO i 3 000 20 PERCENT REDUCTIOK SUBTOTAL lb r 35 000 ••• ASSIGNMENT 20 000 OPERATIONAL TRAVEL 2 000 OTHER CATEGORIES 3 000 30 PERCENT REDUCTION SUBTOTAL 180 000 i· Jr- fr' t- ' II r ACH MAJOR LEVEL Of REDUCTION SHOULD INDICATE WHERE ' F jAP ROPRIAlE T E IMPLItATiQNS fOR PR GRAM 'EFfE TIVE ESS r ANDIOR STAf'f HEALTH SAFETY ·AND MORALE THESE STATEMENTS i WILL BE CAREFULLY WEIGHED IN MAKING ANY SUBSEQUENT I DECISIONS ON THIS MATTER ALSQ TAKEN INTO CONSID RATION WILL BE WHETHER A MISSION RROGRAM IS GROWING OR DECLINING t· PLEASE TREAT THEM HONESTLY AND WITHOUT HYPERBOLE ALSO I iNOTE'THE' RESPEC1S IN WHICH SUCH ACTIONS aULD IMPACT 'ON THE FY 1979·MISSION ALLOTMENT REQUIREMENT 5 NOTE 'THAT CURRENT SENATE APPROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE f ' tMARK-UP CONTAIN A STRONG INJU CTION AGA NST FUNDlNG U S _ · DIRECT-HIRE STAFF FROM PRO·GRAM FUNDS A-T THIS TIME • · MISSIQNS NEED NOT SH FT COST ·aURDEN O'F U'CH STAfF IF ANY i f ASSIFIED I ' L t ' r t aa '___ C '·_ l_CO_ _f i$ '1 g' zr r1 • • 'C7'T 0 ' r 774 '-' - r 1 ---'- _ ------_ --_ _ - - -- '-'-----' -- - c tr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 --- -- --- D No ---_ - --- _ ------ - C06432064 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 boc No C06432064 Date 11 13 2017 • ·I '' I ''- i·I'i ' c ' rh c '6 r J vc wo lPW J i ' ' ''' ''' '' i r a XQn m a - 1'ZJ'''I'U t t''''C •• V ' 't iNCLASSIFIED _ '- - w· '- ' ' '-··-· · ' 3··· ' - ' t···· -'- - ' -- - -' · - 2 - - ' - ' ' a h I' ' TO OPERATIN G BUDGET BUT BE SURE NO T TO S S UME ANY r RE1 UCTIONS CliED IN RANKING EXERCISE COULD BE ASSUMED f f' UNDER PROGRAM ACCOUNTS 6 AS IND'ICATED' IN PARAGRAPH 2 ABOVE IT' APPEARS 'A If SUBSTANTIAL FACTOR IN OUR FY 1978 PROBLEM IS PRIOR UNDERESTIMATES Of OUR REQUIR MENTS PARTICULARLY DUE TO t THE IMPACT OF LOCAL INFLATION WE MUST AVOID A RECURRENCE OF THIS IN FY 1979 • OUR REVIEW Of MISSION SUBMISSIONS SINCE'1975 SHOWS THAT TOTAL MISSION ALLOTMENT'REQUIREMENTS i HAVE· BEEN UNDERESTIMATED BY AN- AVERAGE OF ·30· PERCENT ' ANNUALLY PLEASE INDICATE WHAT INFLATI N FACTOR If ANY YOU HAVE ASSUMED FOR VARIOUS OBJECT CLASSES IN BOTH t ··fY 1978 AND 1979 AND IF YOUR ANALYSIS SO INDICATES PROVIDE US UPDATED ESTIMATES FOR THE LATTER ·YEAR t 1 t I 7 WITH RESP CT TO FY 1977 CAREFULLY ANALYZE YOUR REQUIREMENTS FOR THE REMAINING TWO MONTHS Of THE YEAR AND AFTER APPLICATION OF THE MOST RIGOROUS STANDARDS Of ECONOMY CABLE AID W BY AUGUST 15 WITH ADVICE Of ANY yy FUNDS IN EXCESS OF YOUR ABSOLUTE MINIMUM REQUIREMENT 1 i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Gase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432064 Date 11 13 2017 LIST' G lJ ACCRA 5 ADD S kEABA 2 A · ·jJ Jx AN j RA 1 3 ASUNCI ON B 2 B hJ1A ' O 2 KARACHI' It ' KATHf·1ANDU '2 OUAGADOUGOt 1 5 5 BA1 GUI '3 ROT1E lJ SANA LA __ ' ' 5 SAN - FR EETOm JOSE' I I SEOUL 5 MANILA 2 J 1BABA E 2 MEXICO 5 Jl10NROVIA 3 'HONTEVIDEO 12 NAIROBI 5 NEvl DELHI lj CAli ES SALAM I '5 SAN SALVADOR It SANTIJ GO 5 SANTO DO ' INGO 5 MANAGUA 5 DACCJi Ii D cU AR 9 DAt SCUS 1 GEHEVf 3 GEORG ' TOi N 5 RABAT 5 LItJ A 1 LISBON 1 - LONE _ Fr IJ C s 2 QUITO 2 LAGOS PAZ 5 2 BRASILIA 1 BRIDGETm N' 2 BUJU 'iBURA j 'CAIRO 2 COLOi 'iBO 1 CONA ' rn 1 COTOI' OU PANI i' A PARIS 6 PORT AU KHARTOUJ i KIGALI 3 KINGSTON 5 KINSHASA 2 BISSAU 5 BOGO'l' 1 2 NOUAl C lOTT 3 NDJ hr EI ' 2 5 BANG Ot 2 3 HIP HEY 5 GUA TE 'lr Lh 9' ISLAI'iP BAD 8 JA KARTA 5 KABUL - 5 hFI J J J 5 TEGUCIGAL I 2 TE L AVIy j TUNIS 2 USUN NE ' YORK lj YAOUNDE ' ' CAPTIONS 3 BANGKOK FOR USOM AND RED 3 'DAKAR FOR 'RDO AND OMVS COORD 3 DAR ES SALAAM OR USAID - AND RDOEA ARUSHA ' 5 G'tiATEI1ALA FOR USAID AND ROCAP' 2· NAIROBI 'FOR USAID l PARIS • - 2 KARA CRI FOR f AG ' AND fOR UNESCO ' AND c ' INDICATES AD I'r-lC S ' AWIDE COMBUiERIZ D L REDSO EA USOECD - - -_ 3 ROME ftlSO FOR AID 'OFFICE FRTIJLI 72 POSTS 90 25 CYS W CAPTIONS CLASSIFICATION b 29 77 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432064 Date 11 13 2017 CO 641693 TIED -- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416937 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnglon D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 February 18 1977 - ASIA DeS-AID· TO FROM Nicholas s - Sip SUBJECT Dissent Message U S Policy Toward the IMF I 'IBRD ADB' in Vietnam 86 This will acknowledge the receipt of your dissent paper on the Department's policies on the'IMP IERD and the· ADB in Vietnam Mr Douglas Pike of'the' Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated istribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairperson of the Open Forum Panel in addition to the Assistant Secretaries for East Asian Affairs and Economic and Business Affairs and the Director for AID We com mend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as poss'ible to the views you have submitted cc S The Secretary siS Mr Borg SiP Mr Lake AID Mr Gillian EA Mr Holbrooke EB Mr Katz OF ' Mr Boyer UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416937 Date 10 11 2017 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476037 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861--- CONFIDENTIAL Def JPnent Of State' PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 STATE INFO AOS-00 OCT- 0 OUTGOING TELEGRAM· 098500 ES-01 0091 003 R AG DRAFTED BY S P-ED' DONNELL A PROVEO BY S P-JROCHE S P EOOUGLAS S P MMINTON c S OF GORAGNICH ------------------036676 R 170305Z APR 81 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO USMISSION USUN NEW YORK 170559Z 16 - e - lOo-MI r-J IHS EI -PN'--'I'T I · l1ar S TAT E 098 500 DISSENT CHANNEL-FOR •E O TAGS wOLFOWITZ FROM S P PAUL WOLFDWITZ PAULI N A SUBJECT REFERENCE J LI_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ JI 12055 GOS-4 IS 86 YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE USUN 010aS CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECE T DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE CONCERNING US POLICY ON KAMPUCHEAN REl IEF WE HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY THE UNDERSECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIA AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SeCRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT COORDINATOR FOR REFUGEE AFFAIRS THE OFF I CE OF REFUGEE PROGRAMS EA Vl C-MR ANDERSON AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM MARK MINTON MEMBER OF TH POLICY PLANNING STAFF WIl l COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPl Y TO YOUR MESSAGE 3 I COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL HAIG CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476037 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSII IED U S Department of State 1 13b167 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No Co'6432065-Date 11 13 2017 ' ' 'I r l ' - _ ' ' 131607Z JUN 7 ' c r- ' J ' if JI ' RELEASE I ttV I FULL - f t D S ct UNCLASSIFIED - ' DA AID RHNOOTER SER PM FSIMMONS SUBS SER M'O STHORN8URG SUBS I _ AS I tJ_ R CHRON l A AIl JOHN J GILLIGAN' 5' AP1io - AA SER DGMACl ONALDi ob l0 77 EXT 2988 ' AI AID WPARKS DRAFT· SER LR £BOORADY iDRA1T SER MP PDROHAT DRAFT 1 2 3 8 10 INFO MP AfR 15 NE lS 4ASIA lb OM 1 7'----------'--------- __I' _______II- I LSuT--uG_ _ _ _ _ ____l JJJJ fo Jf A· AIDAC FOR ALL MISSION DIR CTOR A I D REPRESNTATIVES £ 0 11652 DGM N A R N 2M TAGSt tiP SUBJECT LIVING STANDARDS OF A I D OVERSEAS PERSONNEL REF tJ tJ1 J JG ' STATE'D8D342 V' i ' • ' EB N APRIL 9 1977 I SENT ALL fIELD POSTS A MESSAGE PROVIDING GUIDANCE ON PROGRAM DIRECTIONS FOR FY 1979 IN THAT MESSAGE I INDICATED MY INTEREST IN THE CHARACTER OF THE LIFE TYLES WHICH 'WE PURSUE OVERSEAS AND SUGGESTEb THAT I WOULD FOLLOW UP WITH fURTHER VIEWS ' r- 2 I WANT to YOU TO KNOW Of MY STRONG PERSONAL COMMITMENT TO THE PRESIDENT AND THE CONGRESS THAT A I D· ST FF FOLLOW LIFE STYLES WHICH REFLECT RESTRAINT AND DEMONSTRATE -r SENSITIVITY TO THE POVERTY OF THOSE WE SEEK TO HiELP t EXPECT YOU TO SE'T THE TONE FOR YOUR ENTIRE STAfF IN THIS RESPECT t TRPiJf I' · _ ___ · 3 THE QUESTION IS MORE THAN ONE OF THE IMAGE Of A I·D· If GOES TO THE MANNER IN WHICH OUR EMPLOYEES CONDUCT THEMSELVES· WE AMERICANS ARE A WEAL THY PEOPLE COMPARED TO MOST OF THE PEOPLE HJ THE COUNTRIES WHERE WE WORK INEVITABLY OUR · VERY PRESENCE STRIKES A CONTRAST BETWEEN OUR LIVING STANDARDS AND THE POVERTY IN WHICH THE POOR MAJORITY OF · THE WORLD LIVE ' FOR THAT REASON AND GIVEN THE VERY NATURE t II UNCLASSIFIED _ Io _ i I ___ II __ _ __ _ _ ____' _ r o- -· _ _ _ __ i _ r -r zr - w ' l ' ' '- 0 _ _ • - _ - _ __ ___ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432065 Date 11 13 2017 FORM DS 322A OCR U CLASSIFI J 2 OUR GOAL TO ALLEVIATE THOSE CONDITIONS IT JS ESPECIALLY INCUMBENT ON OUR STAFF THAT·THEY AVO D EVEN THE APPEARANCE OF OSTENTATION F II URING MY RECENT 'TRIP ABROAD I W'AS IMPRESSE'D WITH THE CALIBER AND QUALITY OF THE PEOPLE WE HAVE OVERSEAS AND THE OFTEN DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES IN'WHICH MANY OF YOU WORK AND LIVE NONETHELESS I WANT TO BE CERTAIN THAT THERE BE 'SCRUPULOUS ADHERENCE TO OUR POLICIES WHICH HAVE N T ALWAYS BEEN SO OBSERVE ' S I LOOK DIRECTLY TO YOU TO PROVIDE lEADERSHIP AND ET EXAMPLE TO YOUR STAFF IN CARRYING OUT ·THE AGENCY ts 'COMMITMENT TO HARD WORK AND A MODEST LIFE STYLE I ALSO EXPECT YOU TO BE PERSONALLY KNOWLEDGEABLE ABOUT THE AGENCytS 'EXISTING POLICIES 'ON LIVING STANDARDS IN A·I D HANDBOOK 23 AND TO ASSURE FULL COMPLIANCE WITH THESE POLICIES SEYOND THE SPECIFICS IN THE HANDBOOK HOWEVER I LOOK TO YOU TO PROVIDE LEADERSHIP TO YOUR ORGANIZATION to ENSURE THAT A I D EMPLOrEES COMPORT THEMSELV S IN A MANNER BEfITTING OUR ROLE IN HELPING THE POOR MAJORITY yy ' AN - • UNCLA SIFIED _---- _-----------_ _------ _--------- -1 - - - - ---_ _--- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State CC No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432065 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFiED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432065 Date l1 1'3 i017 ' ADDITIONAL CAPTIONS AND HEADS OF OTHER A I D ORGANIZATIONS ADMINISTRATOR ADD DESIRED DIST · OVER EA$ FROM THE SMO 2 LA 'lkb 8ASIA 4' AAID ES tR' PERS 4 89P ' - - ---UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 ooe No C06432065 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432065 Date 11i13 201 7 LASSIFICA'l'ION ' • SEND TO LIST G AID AIRGRAMS AND TELEGR iwlS LIST· G II ACCRA 5 ADDIS ABABA ·2 AMl'4AN 4 5 BANGKOK 2 BANGUI ' 1 BRIDGETOWN 'CAIRO 4 SANA 5 1 LONE 1 FREETOi' N 1 GENEVA 3 GEORGETOWN 3 BANGKOK FOR USOM AND FOR RDO AND I J TUNIS 2 USUN YORK _ - ' RED OMVS COORD AND GUATEMALA FOR USAID NEV 4 YAOUNDE - _ 3 DAR E SALAAM FOR USAID AND RDOEA ARUSHA 5 00- - '2 TRIES'l'E CAPTIONS SANTO ·D01 lINGO SEOUL 1 TAIPEI 5 TEGUCIGALPA 2 TEL AVIV lj 3 -MONTEVIDEO 12 NAIROBI 5 NEYl DELHI 4 CAR ES SAL Il AM JOSE II SANTIAGO· 5 2 MBABANE 2 MEXICO' 5 J10NROVIA If DAf AR 9 DAHASCUS SAN '5 SAN' SALVADOR 1 LONDON 5 MANAGUA 5 rJIANILA 2 COLOi'-iBO 1 CONAKRY 1 COTONOU 5 DACCA 2 ROME· 5 Ln·fA 1 LISBON 2 BUJUftlBURA 6 PORT AU PRIlWE --S RABAT 5 LA PAZ 2 BHASILIA 5 PANArM 2 PARIS 2 QUITO· 2 LAGOS 5·BOGOTA 3 DAKAR 2 OUAGADOUGOU KATHl'-1ANDU 3 KINGSTON 5 KINSHASA ·2 BISSAU ' 3· NDJ Af1EHA i 9 1 KHARTOurft 2 KIGALI 2' BAI 'IAKO 3 NIAHEY 2 NOUAKCHOTT 2 KARACHI 1 ANKARA 3 ASUNCION B II '5 GUATEMALA 9 ISLAMA BAD 8 JAKARTA 5 KABUL 5 ABIDJAN ROCAP 2 KARACHI FOR' AAG ' INDICATES ADDITIOnS S'o AWIDE COMBUTERIZED LIS 2 NAIROBI FOR USAID AND REDSO EA 2 PARIS FOR UNESCO 2 TRIESTE FOR AIDROFRI V Sa E r J • 00 - _ - _ _00 i 72 POSTS 90 254 CYS W CAPTIONS ' CLASSIFICA'rrON • _ - _--_ _-_ ' ---------------------' -----_ _------ 19 1 7 - - - _ __ _---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 poe No C06432065 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432085 Date 11 13 2017 PAGE'-l3I' ACTION SP-02 INFO OCT-In MANILA 17279 e S-01 iii OF 02 2565 02104182 ISO-00 1004 W ------------------372129 102f1l4432 73 R 020340Z NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO SEOSTATe WASHOC 7283 UNCLAS SECTION 1 OF 2 MANXLA 17279 AIOAC FOR ADMINISTRATOR GILLIGAN E O- 11652 N A SUBJ AID DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I 1 THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS AN-AID DISSENT CHANNEL I AD PD 2 DRAFTER DOES NOT WISH TO RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION VIEWPOINT OF 3 R1 CENT CA8LE TRAFFIC ON PROJECTS UNDER THE OFFICE OF PROVINCIAL DEVELOPMENT IMPLIES THAT CENTRALIZED CONTROL OF PROJECT DEveLOPMENT IS BEING INTENSI·FIED IF AS ADMINISTRATOR AND OTHERS HAVE REPEATEDLY REPRESENTED AID W DOES HAVE A POLICY DeCENTRALIZING THE TIGHT CONTROL HERETOFORE ENJOYED 8Y AID THEN EITHeR THE MESSAGE IS NOT GETTING PAST THE ADMINISTRATOR' S DO OR THERE HAVE 8EEN SECOND THOUGHTS 4 CA'SE IN POINT STATE 2S12S8-WHEREIN PID ON A FUND FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECT SENT TO AIO w IN MAY IS STILt BOTTLED UP BECAUSe ONE OFFICE HAS EXERCISED ITS VETO ASKING uS TO SHUFFLE OUR FEET UNTIL SPECIFIC CONCERNS HAVE SEEN FO MULATeD DRAFTER WHILE ON HOME LEAVE IN JULY SPEN'i TWO WEEKS IN AID VI AN5 'IERING UESTIONS AND DISCUSSING PROJECT WHEN TViO SUBSTANHAL OUESTIONS WERE RAI SED AT THE APAC MEETING THE DRAFTER BACK HOME SPENT ANOTHER VlEEK WRITING REPt Y AND WE ARE NO CLOSER TO DECISION CENTRALIZED CONTROL IS AGAIN THE WINNER WITH THE FIELD PROJECT MANAGER BOBBING ABOUT L XE PUPPET ON A STRING U'rl t -I- CASE IN POINT STAle 28 3549 WHILE RAISlNG TWO SUBSTANTIVE ISSUES ON REAL PROPERTY TAX PROJECT 'TONE AND DIRECTION IS CLEAR THe FIELD lS PEOPLED wITH PLEASANT SUT INCOMP TENT GENERALISTS WHO NEED VERY CLDS'E SUPERVISION LEST ·THEY DO SOMETHING IRRATIONAL ISSUES POP UP THAT SEEM TO COME OFF THE WALL BUT WHICH MUST BE ANSWERED RESEARCHED REFUTED AND RESTATED OR THE PROJECT FALLS THE ISSUe FOR EXAMPLE ON THE NEUTRAL BENEFITS OF THE TAX ARISES APPARENTL Y FROM LACK OF UNDERSTANDING OF ECONOMICS OF PROPERTY TAX ITSELF WHILE OTHER oueSTIONS DEMENO ALMOST TO POINT OF HARASSMENT A FlANGE OF DETAIL QUANTIFI CATION EVENT CONTROL AND PREDICTION THAT ARE NAIVE IN THEIR ASSERTION 5 AND DESTRUCTIVe IN THer NECESSITY 'HOW WE CAN RESPOND TO THESE DEMANDS FOR DETAIL WHILE STILL ATTEMPTING CARRY ON THE WORK AT HAND RE-ENACTS CLASSIC DILEMMA OF CENTRALIZED CONIROL VERSUS FIELD OPS RATION IH WHICH ONLY CENTRALIZERS WIN CABLE APPEARS TO HAVE MADE USUAL ROUND OF SIGN-OFFS REQUIRING EACH OFFICE TAKE A GOOD HARD SWING THUS SHOWING THEMSELVES TO BE ALERT IMAGINATIVE AND HARD NOSED rHIS PERFORMANce NEARLY DUPLICATES SUPERLATIVe Joe OF LAST YEAR STATE 297439 ON RURAL SERVICE CENTER PROJECT IN WHICH THERE WERE 21 SIGN-OFFS AND 21 QUESTIONS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432085 Date 11 13 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980076 Date 07 31 2017 RELEASE IN PART B6 Limited Official Use ' 86 American Consul American Embassy Belgrade Dearl ________ - 86 You may tolell bave lost all patience with the Dissent Channel by nm·l I'm' not sure that any of us could blame you after this inordinate delay To -make'a long story shert - and it has been a very long and byzantine process - our sleuths have unearthed the action taken on your airgram We are chagrined on t o points first responses were apparently done up fairly promptly but lost 'and second the outcome brings us back to square one No one in seA or sip has been able to explain to us why it had to take so long to find out what if anything had been done in your behalf E ery individual wfth whom we spoke seemed well-intentioned and concerned Alf Cooley nd Vern 'Penner of SCA were particularly helpful and finally tra ked 'down the attached By now you are probably totally disill sioned with the efficacy of the Disse t Channel If not you might wish to test the changing Vaters in SCA with a re-submission of your proposal Alternatively you might wish to consider casting your thoughts in the form of a short article for OPEN FORUM Limited Official Use UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980076 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980076 Date 07 31 2017 v qc r 2 Limited official Use Mike Michaud is editor of this ne -l in-house journal and both he and I would be pleased to help you disseminate your views thusly See attached information sheet on OPEN FORUH That said thank you so much for your gallant forbearance Do stop by our offices if and when you're in loJ'ashington Yours sincerely 4 Sandy Vogelgesang Chairperson Enclosures r LOU Package from SeA Information Sheet on OPEN FORill1 Limited Official Use UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980076 Date 07 31 2017 · - - - - ------------------------------------ C06415438 71ED u s Department of State l Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415438 Date 10 11 2017 OPTIONAL 1'011' NO 10 JUL Y ISl7 EDITION • GSA FPMR t41 CFRJ un ' e UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum ltis TO FRon Mary Ann Casey sip PDA 8PA SUBJECT April DATE April 21 1977 11 1977 Dissent Channel Memo 1 i failed to list the three attachments·at the end of the memo and I would appreciate it if the folloWing could be added Attachments a March 1977 issue of the Foreign Service Journal b March 15 1977 memo to ohn R Erilesaon c List of the El SalvadorFEducation sector Analyais doc umeniia 2 As you know the proposed abolishment of the Sector Analysis Division in the Latin American Eureau is one of the issues dealt ldth iri the memo I ave argued that the policy implications of this decision 'have not been fully considered Ye sterday I was told that a cable informing the missions that the division is being abolished has been circulated in the Bureau and is about to be sent Buy U S Savings Bonds Regularly on tht Payroll Savings Plan nOlD·1ID UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415438 Date 10 11 2017 86 C0641701 TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 '15164 _ - • - _ l r til3E RA '- '- LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LHiI'rFD OFFICIAL USF PAGE 21 CAliBER 07504 01 OF 03 RELEASE IN PARTB6 290903Z ACT ION FA-12 INFO OCT-31 ISO-00 CIAF -0 · COHE-00 EB-08 HSAE-00 5IL-01 DODE-00 PA-01 L-03 O -01 TRSE-00 1 W USIA-06 ·------------------086975 HfR-07 LAR-04 SP- 2 PRS-01 28092 6Z 15 R 2£H3Se·2Z OGT FM CANBERRA WASHDC 1634 INFO AMCUNSUL MELBOURNE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SECTIO 1 OF 3 CAN EBRA 7504 ArE BA SY TO SEC STATE EO 11652 N A TAGS ELAB PINT AS SUBJ VICTORIA POWER WORKERS END ELEVEn-WEEK STRIKE 1 F EASST FORWARDS HEREWITH AS A MATTER or I TEREST TO 'I SHHWTOH HEADERS TliE FOLL01 if lUG n PORT ON THE VIC'f iR IA POV ' Ell WORKERS' STEIKE PHtfAEED BY I I I DO HOT RPT KOT CONCUR 86 WITH AHlJMBER 01' CONCLf SICJt IN THE REPORT EMBASSY'S CO ' I-LFHTS ARE ADDED AT THE END OF THIS TELEGRAM 2 MELBOURNE 2160 1 OVER 2000 STATE ELECTRICITY COMMISSION SEC M IN TERANCI WORKIFS HELD A MEETITIG ON OCT 25 AT WHICH TBIf VOTED BT A LARGE MAJORITY TO RETURN TO WORK IMMEDIATELY SO AS TO CLEAR THE' WAY YOR A FULL- CALE AR ITRA'rION cor iMISSrO -l WOP K- VAJJUE FEEE' ' OF THEIR 11s rc P y 'AllD 2 DUPING Tm IlEVI E'h' tHICE HILL TO CO PLETE n n t' AT Lt S ' 'I'WO r 0 'rfI5 THE COMMiSSION WILL COHSIDEP UllION ARD SEC ARGU- 1l ERT FOR AN GAIHST THE PRGPOSITIO TH 5 THE VALUE OF 'rHE MAINTFHACE WOFKfRS' COUTnI rTIO TO SEC OPERATIONS IRCREASED E CUGH TO JtS7IFT INTRODUCING REW AND MORE FAVO AtL AWARD 3 H1PLICIT nr TEI' STRIKERS' DECISION TO RETUHl LIMITED OFFICIAL USE L MITETI OFFICIAL U E PAGE C2 CAKB R £7504 01 OF 03 28 923Z TO WORK WITD HO EXTRA CASH IN HAND WAS THE ASSUMPTIoe THAT iHE WORK VALUE R VIEW WIiL END WITH A FAVORAELE COKMISSION DECISION WHICH WILL PROVIDE INTER ALIA FOR RETROACTIVE WAGE INcnEASES 4 LABAT CG E T THE ETRIDE T AXD UNRBLI TIgG ANTI-UHIOR PROPAGANDA WEICH HIGHLIGHT'THE PQWEF STRIK HAS MADE IT EYTFEUELT VIFFIOU1T FOR OBSERvr s NOT ON THE SCENE IN TnE LATPOBF l LLET TO DIFFIRFHTIATE nFTWEIN FACT AND FAETASY NEVERTUELEFS THE ETRl E PROVIDES A GOOD BA I ' I d EJ CUSF FOn TEY tG TO PRESF l'f A oRI B LAnCED PICTUlU 'nTH A FEW GEREPAL AND SPECIFIC OFSERVATIONS OF THE SORT WHICH Rfl RELY RECEIVE THE AT'l'E lTIOll 'P HE DESERVE THESE II CLUDE THE FOI LO'riING A THAT DI rT CO VEnTlorrAL EL1EFS TO Till CONTRAnY PEOPLE WHO WORK V RY HARD FOR' ODEST OR RELATIVELY H ' _ r _ LO w '·'Ar v S Rt P LV • _ I t It 1 tI IT D ' i'i r n 6 J' l t 'P l ll1r ''' rl1 1 0 I L _ v L • __ OFfICIAL USS 0 TrJ J ' 1 on 1 STppr nJ TO'I T - J I •• 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 C0641701 iIE'D LtS D partmeni- fState' Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 OFFICIAL eSE STRIKES FOR FRIVOLOUS OR IDEOLOGICAL REASONS tr ITID B TH T 'fEE'P E E TH ES A D HIS'rORY - HCLUDUG U S A D AUSTFAIIAN HISTOPY - IS RIPLETE WITH EXAMPLES WRER THE bNLY SILr-Rr PECTIHG WAY TO O 30CT 1XTFlCTIKG JUSTICE OR EVEn ATTENTION FROM INFLEXIBLE OR INSENSITI F URGANIZATIONS OR SI TE S IS y EESORTIKG TO rXTkEME OR' UHUSUAL l EASUflFS StTe' AS DI SFUPTI11E STEHES C TEArf PP HI ITIVE AND RO CRIPT 'lE LH S APr 0 SUBSTI'lUTE FOR COOD t'AI'1 'H b P GJ1IUIJ G n OHE'S GML IS TO RESOLVE RATHER THAN E1ACER3ATE SERIOUS I3DUSTRIAL ' f DISPUTES ' D THAT O IE OF THE p·Rme IPAL P E SONS COMIUNISTS AND OTHER' LEFT-WInG VI11TA TS SOMITI IS DO WELL IN NO COMMUNIET POLITIC L lND INDUSTRIAL VIRO E S If EFCAUSE THEY MAKE SU E THEY ·ARF IH THE FOREFnONT OF TEOSE WEO·AT LEAST APPEAR TO BE CONCIRKID A30UT THE FLIGHT OF TEE L I TT LE l·iAl LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I ITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 0'3' CAlBER 07504 01 OF 03 280903Z r THAT F F GAF DLFSS OF THE IS'SUES INVOLVED IN INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES THE FRASER GOVT NEVER TAKES THE' SIDE OF AUSTRALIAN CITIZENS WHO ARE TRADE UNIORISTS AGAINSf THOSE WHO ARE EMPLOYERS en TO PUT IT AHOTHER WAY THAT THE FRAs n GOVT CLFARLY BELIEVES THE MOST APPROPRIATE FOLE rOR TEE FED1 RhL GOVT TO PLAY In IRDUSTRIAr DISPUTES IS II PRO· MPLOYiR ADVERSARY ROLE P TEAT THE rfDIRAL AND VICTORIAN OVTS THE SECf AND THF ARBITRATION COMMISSIO BEAR AT LFAST AS MUCH 01 THE BLAME A D RESPOESI3ILITY AS TEF UMIOKS J TTIE STRI EES FOR ONE OF THY MOST COSTLY AKD DISRUPTIVE STRIKES IN FECERT AUSTPALIAN HISTORY I ONLY EEC USE TEEY HAD THE mANS J T 'H ErR· DISPOSAL TO SE'rTI E THE DIfPUTE ALOHG' T'H F IgES 0F THE INTEHI SETTLE E T TR OUGHOUT THE ENTIRE' l1-WEEK COURSE OF THE STnIIE THE FACT TEAT TEEY CHOSE OT TO E1PLO THFM HILE· FRO T rAGE HEADLIRE AND lEAD EDI TOR IA LS ERE DAILY BLAUltG GREEDY f U'D IRREspmIS 11' 1 ' STRIKERS FOR DESTR6YING T E vreTOHIAN CORO Y BAISES SERIOOS QUESTION ABeUT THE IMPARTIALtTY AND VIABILITY OF i ' ' AUSTRALIA F S ARE I' ' lit T eli-EASED IlrDTJSTRIAL IN THIES OF UKUSUAL STllISS crPRAH 3 E1FBASSI REJ TIO iS SYSTS S CO E iT A IT IS FUI AS LA ATT nOtES THAT PEOPLE HO WCRK VERY HARD FOR MODEST OR RELATIVELY LOW WAGES RARELT PARTICIPATE IN OR SUPPORT LONG STRIKES FO FPiVG10US OR IDEOLOGICAL RFAsm s IT IS ISf- ECIALLT TPUE AS EE llO'I'ID EAT J II n THAT THE TEMPEFS WHICH WERE AROUSE BY THE LATRO 1 VALLi STRIKE MRKE 17 DIFFICULT TO DISTI GUr li FACT FRO FICTION WHETHER BY IDEOLOGICAL EIAS OR SHEER PREJUDICE PRESS REPORTInG ON TRi LATROEI VALLET STRI E HAS SIEN SO UKAHI OUSLT AGAIHST THE STRIKE' LEADERSHIP THAT IT IS DIFrrCUIT Forl Hf'tOT' HOT ACTUALLY ON THE SCENE TO GET'A FEEL FO 11S ATMOSPHEPF LH I'f'ED Ol FrCIU · USE - ----- - - - ' i ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State ase No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 n l T C0641701 TIED n I I n ' u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 I a L LIVITED OFfICIAL USE RUT IT WOULD IE MISLEADING TO DEROGATE THE IDEOLOGICAL NDER­ PINNING OF THE DISPUTE NOT CRLY ARE TRE S C WORKERS ROT LIM ED OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 04 Ck BER 07501 01 OF 03 280903Z r P'l ' rorr PAID l·lODIST OR P ELATlv -F L LOW AGES -- TrrriR rAGES ARE GFFrCIE TLr IG3 THAT TEE ARBITRATIO AND conCILIATION CD MIS IO THE THEORETICALLY IMPARTIAL ROUP W CE HAS ECOME AUSTRALIA'S PRINCI AL LAROR DISPUTE-RhSOLVING LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE r • UNCLASSIFIED u S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 I I CO 6 41 7 0 1 TiED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 L1Ml ' D OfflCIAL U E LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 01 CANBER 07504 2 OF 03 280915Z ACTION EA-12 INFO OCT-01 150-00· CIAE-0e COMI-00 E -08 I m -0 7 ·L _LJ r 14 NSAE-00 SIL-el DODE-00 FA-at USIA-06 PRS- l - F-q 2 L-03 0 -01 R 2808022 OCT 7 TRSE-e0 0 7 W - -- ---j z------ - --- -3 871 '72 H' 280 25Z FM A iMBASSY CA EEPA TO SEC STATE WASEnc 1635 IN O Ar- CO SUr lF LJWURlm • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 'CTIOlf 2 OF 3 CAlLBIRRA 7504 BODY DECLINED TO GIVE THE STRIKE LEADERSHIP TliE ADDI·TIOHAL 40 PFR WZEK IT SOUGHT WHFTI AS PART OF THE MEDIATION EFFORT THE AnBITRATIO COMMISSION WAS PER SU ADED TO REVIE I IT AWARD IT DID so AnD REAFFIP'J E D ITS ORIGINAL DECISIon AGAINST THE WAGE INCREASE AS A PRACTICAL MATTE THE M JO ITY OF SEC ORKF S ON STRIKE FARN SOMEI'lH F RE In -THE SlE0-180 PFR rEEK TIPT lEEK RANGE t nOT cOrNTING ADD-DNS WITH RESPECT TO IDEOLOGY IT IS ·lMPORTANT TO 10TE TEAT THE LEADER OF THE STRIKE SA MY ARMSTRO fG is AN OPFnLY-ADlHTTI D fHLITANT COHMt71rIST THAT IS A FULL DUES-PAYING CARD-CARRYING MEtBETI OF THE· COM JNIST PARTT OF AUSTRALIA AS ARE HIS TWO PRINCIPAL J SSISTAttTS THE COM1 U1USTS HAn JUDE SUCH USE AS TH bY CAll OF THE STRIKE ALTHOUGH ll ATI01 ALL Y -PRONntENT CO U it -HIST TRADE U IOH LEADERS SUCH AS JOHn HALFPENNY VUST HAVE HAD '···SOME SECOND THOUGHTS A3CUT POSSIBLE DA AGE TO COMMGNI T STArr IHG THRODGE ASSCCIATION WITH WhAT H S BE N A PATE TLY • INDEFltNSI 1E ANn un urpORTABLE STRIKE BY THE SEC jORKERS IF LATPO E VALLEY B WElLE IT IS TRUE THAT SOMETIMES THE ONLY WAT TO REMEDY INJUSTICE OR INSENSITIVITY DT ORGAnIZATIONS OR SYS'rEf s· IS BY RESOf5'ING TO EXTRm·1E MEASURES THAT HAS NOT FPT ROT FEN THE CASE IN THE LATROBE· VALLEY DISPUTE LIMITED· OFFICIAL USF LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 CAHDER 07504 02 OF 03 280915Z THEiE ·IS·AN·AR ITPATlbN AND CO CILIATIOH STSTEM SFT UP PRECISELY O WESOLYK THIS SORT OF I DUETRlhL DISPUTE 'lEOSE WO 1KEW WAS T ICF REJICTrD OUT-OF·-H m · BY TilE COMMtliIST-LED MILITANTS A OnG TEE LATR03E VALLE UUIeR LEADERSHIP EOH HAW E PRESIDENT OF THE 'CTti AND r USTF ALIAN LABOR'S lJOST RENOW BD CO iGILB TOR' EN'l'EHED THE DISPUTE AT THE REcurST OF nOTH THE VICTORIA S ATE r OVERHll ElTT A D THE R1lI'J'RATIO -r CO HISSIOll AIm HIS RECOMMENDATIONS WERE REJECTED BY T3E COMMURIST-LED MILITANTS 1 THE E D OF THE 11-WEEK S RIKE SUCH INFLEIIBILITY AHD INSFnSItIVITY kS HAD BEEN SHOWN WAS COMIKG ORE FROM HF STRIKE LEADERS WHO APPEARED TO HAVE FOUND THEIR PRINCIPLE -- THAT TEET HAD EEEN OK STRI E FOR ELEVEN WFfKS OVEI A ¢40 PER wEEK·W GE INCREASE AND TilEY ·LIMITED OF IC AL us I r - - - • r u UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2916-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 0 1 T-iED··Ci s -·D par ment of State -----_ --------Ca· No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 LIMITED OFFIGIAL USE DIDN'T THIHK THEY COULD CO BACK TO WORK WITHOUT LOSIliG FACE UNLFSS TPEY GOT IT THAN FRO EMPLOYERS TbE 'STRIKRRS HAVE NOW BEE PER UADID TO GO BACK WITHOUT gLIR $40 PER WEEK PI THE CRUSHING LAC OF POPULAR SUPPOET FOR TEElE POSITIO f HE OVERWHEL rHG REACTIOR OF THE PEOPLE or VICTORIA AGAIRST THEM T F FIHA1LT 'NIFlfD STAUns OF THE 'VICTOPIA _' D fr'EJ RAL GO ERm rU'l'S • AHD THE UTTER FAILURE OF EITHER ACTU p rS D T RAWKE on TEE ACTO AS AN ORGANIZATION OR THE l BITR TION CO MISSIO is A BODY TO SUPPORT THFID CLAIMS C' IT IS TRUE BEiO D QfiESTION THAT PRIMITIV AND PRoseR IPTI 'IE r AWS ARE liO SUB T I'rUTE FOR GOOD 'A I'J'H J3ARGAINInG IF onE'S GOALf ARE TO REsotVE RATHER THAN F XACnt B ''R OUS JlU£·'I'RIAL DlS JTfS AND IT IS 'U lTHEH TPur AS HIPLIFS THAT Goon FAITH IJAF GA l IliG CA OT _ SAID TO EE PARTICULARLY WIDESPREAD IN AUST ALIAH LABOR PRACTICES FOR A VARIETY OF REA50 S WHICH ARE OUTSIDE TEE SCOPE OF' THIS CO MENTA'RY HAT HAS SHOlrE BRILLIANTLY THROUGH THE lATROEji VALLEY AND OTHER AJOR LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 'LIMITFD OFFICIAL USB PAGE 03 CAIEER 075e4 02 OF 03 280915Z RECENT AUSTRAL JAN LABeR DISPUTES IS THE CONTEMPT WlTR WHICH 86 p 1- SECW HT BUT WT 3Y ANY I EAUS A 1 L -- OR EVEN NECEESARILY A MAJORITY OF AUSTR LIAN LABOR u rON LEADERSHIP RFJECT AR1r TRA 'IO l AND CONCI1rArno ' ON 'THE IDEOI OG C' L GROUt-lDS THAT ANYTHING LESS TITAN COMPLETE CAPITULATION TO ITS DEKAnDS IS VIC- GF Y · R0 iH 'fTER Ro l S ALLt FOF 'l i UIGIMEln OF t OE THE nOSSES OR EVEH 1ORE PEJORATIVE TER S HB 1I LI TA TS A · OUG TEE lLA D IC AI CO -f nn ST UH I O LliA r El' S CAPITALHF SIMpLY REJECT THE PRINCIPLES OF COMPRO ISE WRICD BY DrrINITIO f AF E T tF EU'i-1EN TS OF GOOD YAITE· ' 3ARGAIHIHG AS fE KNOW IT Hr TEE U lITED STATES THEFI IS A FURT E'R P ADlcAL ID E OLOGICAL UNDERPINNING AMONG MILITANT CO MURIST UHION'LEADERS -- THE SFtRCH FOR A r EAHS OF DFSTROYING '·CAFITALIsr In WHIG i IT I CLUDIS' VSSTIGESOF SOCIALISM FAR FROM EI OWUEn y' PRIVATE E1TERPRISE HE CAFI'l 'ALIST PIGS AS THE 1 LITfj liTS MIGR HAVE IT THE SEC IS ownED BY THE ST TE OF VIeTO AHD TliU ' BY DEFPIITI0'1 rs THE PROPERTY OE' TfrE PIOP1Y ' i AND PRESU A3LY D EAT O E RESPOKSIVE TO THRIR NgEDS OF T I IASO S CO MUHISTS LFYT-WP G · Il r'IATrS SO ' 1'II B DO ' TLL r r A D OTHER POLI1'ICAL AHt niDUS'l'EIAL Ei VIp m iff TS TS ' 'H T TEEY APPEAR TO BE COilCEfiXID t H0r1· TliI LI'I'TLS· · AI· ' IS BOTH TRUE AND A TRUIS14 E THE TA7EKENT THE FRA ER GOlT NEVER TAKES THE SIDE OF AUSTRA1IAN CITIZEKS WHO ARE TRADE UNIonISTS ACAIMST THOSE BO AtE E PL0 ERS OR TO PUT IT ANOTHER WAY THE FRAEE GOVT CLEARLY EELIEVES TMB MOST APP OPEIATE ROLE rOf THE fEDERAL GOfT TO PLAY III INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES IS A P O-E prJOYFR ADl ERSARY P OLE IS SUF 'ICIENTLY TEKDE1 - TIOUS TO MAKE REFUTATION A BIT UNNECESSARY IT IS WORTH fI o I¥VE R l OTIl G MHnS'fER FOP Et·1PLovi Il T LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I STF Er T'S cor·n· ENT _ - - - - __ _ _ _ 4 _ •• - - ' - - _ - - _ _ - - - T ___ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 7 0 1 7 ED U S 'D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 D c No C06417017 Dat LIMITED OFFICIAL USE IN PARLIAMENT DURING THE DEBATE ON THE GOVERNMEnT'S LABO 10 11 2017 '1 DISPUTES BILL ON OCTOBER 19TH A VEllY REAt IJANCERARISES · iHEH A UNION IN PURSUIt OF SOME LIMITED OR SELF-INTERESTED GOAL IS ABLE TO IMPOSE CONSIDIP ABJ E BCOIWm C HARDSHIP AND DISLOCA'l ' ral Oli ·THE ENTIRE COM UNITY OVER iE PAST YEAR WE HAVE EXPERIEHCED LIMITED OFFICIAL US LI ITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 4 CANEER 07504 02 OF 03 2809152 THE CRIPPLING EFPECT OF STRIKES • AND ARE WITNESSING TODAY TEB FIiIGHTEliING 'C A PAC ITY or A RELATIVELY SgALL GROUP OF UNIONISTS IN THE VICTORIAN POWER INDUSTRY TO vlREAK· HAVOC ON U ENTIRE COl·mU1HTY SUCR SITUATIONS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LIMITED O FICIAL USE • ' ' - - - _ -' - - ---' ' - _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta _ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 01 il J _g $ ep nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 LI ITED OfFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGF 01 CAMBER 075B4 03 OF 03 280919Z ACTION 1 1 -12 INFO OCT-HI ISO-03 CIAE-00 COME-00 EB-08 IliR-07 RSAE-ee 51L-01 DODI-00 PA-01 USIA-06 PRS- 01 L-e-3 OKB-01 R 280802Z OCT 77 Tn s E-0J l 04 7 ------------------087522 2809277 15 PM AMEMn SSY CANDERPA TO SECSTATE 'WASHDC 1636 I FO AMCOHSUL M LBorRNE ' LIMIT D OFFICIAL USE SECTION 3 OF 3 CANEERRA 7504 DnlAND THAT ACTION BE TAKEn IT IS PARAMOUltT TH AT UNI01iS liECOGRIZ THEIR OBLIGATIONS MID THE LEGITIMATE IRTERESIS OF THE AUS'I'P UIA i PEOPLE AS A WHOt'E 1F IT IS TrUE THAT THE ELLCTFIC COMPANY SHOULD HOT HAVE TH E RIGHT TO CUT OF ' PO' HF TO AH EETIRE STATE F CAUSE TREY HAVE E-F l DENIED AN INCREASE IN PO t1ER RATES SO TOO THn E IS A DEVELOPING' COtISEHsns IN AU5T ALIA THAT'muous SHOULD ROT ·HAVE THE UNRESTRICTED RICET TO SHUT ory POWE TO AN ENTIRE STATE WHE TEE HAVE BEEN DENIED A WAGE IHCREASE-WHE1 THEIR DISPUTE HAS BEEN SUBMITTED T THE AR1HTRATION MECTIANISM olD BEEN TURllF D Do rN BEEU RESUlHUTTED A1ID TUF llED DOWN AGAIN HAD THE NATIONAL ACTU PRE IDENT RECOMMERD TER S FOB SETTLFME r Agn TURRED HI DOWN AS ELL F FDIALI T IN LIGHT OF THE A OVE 'IT 'CAU HARDLY g '- AID' 'l'Ri' T' THE ·FFDERA L HID 'VICTORIA GOVEP tn ENI'S THE SEC AND THE ARDITRATION COMMISSION FAILED TO U E TilE KEANS T THEIR DISPOSKL TO PoP-SOLVE THIS PAP TICULAR DISPUTE SINCE EVEEY RECOURsr SHORT OF CO PLE'E CAPITULRTIOK TO THE UNIONS' DE ARDS WAS THIED -- I FUTILITY BECAUSE ARVET20 AND HIS CLIQUE CEOSE·TO USE TaIS STRIKE·AS A TEST OF MANHOOD ' EE AUSTRALIA ODT POLITIC IS OT GENERALLY UHSYVPATHETIC TO UHIO A9D ORKER NEED ESPECIALLY In THE AFTERMATH OF THE lNFLlfIOX'THIS COUNTRY HAS EYPEBIENCED OVER THE PAST SBVERAL LIMITED OFFICIAL DSE ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USI PAGE 02 CAH ER 07504 PRESlJ jID L TFOBE 03 OF 03 280919Z VALLIE DISPUTE VER QUICKLv LOST AL O T CO PLETELY HATEVER SHRED OF puntlc SY PATRY 17 IG T' HAVE'HAD DISFEGAHDTRQ CO PLETE1Y TRE EDIA SINcr TEIl f tEARS TEAT TAE 'I'O BE RIASE1 p HY'cinH ••• I 13 GE1 1 _IrlIY AT 1Ff ' CIRCU STANTIAL EVIDENCE TniT 1HE NILITANTLY COM UKIST L DER5HIP OF THE LATPOBE VALLEY STRIKE F ILID TO PEEStADE A YOHE OTHIR HA THEMSELVE 1HAT TilEY iAD A CAUSE THEIR ONLY VICTOR IN FACT MA TURN OUT TO BE THF PERVEESE ORE OF PPOVOKI G TEE AC L SH THEY PERHPAS HOPED TO EVOKE -- PRESUrAELY PROVING THAT SOCIETY IS EE C­ TIOHARY AND 'IPSO F CTO AGAIHST THE WORKING CLASS IY TH T WAS SAMMY AR STROliO'S HOPE H C RT INLY CA E PRE'TY C1 0S' 'iO 3RDWUrG THE LATTER PART· or IT AROUT A·LSTON 11 ITED OTFrC AL USE y UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417017 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445841 Date 12 11 2017 86 'Department Of State eeWFIOENTIAL PA GE 01 STATF ' RELEASE IN PART TELEGRAM 4715 173088 20 OR GIN EA 121 OCT l INFO 150·00 AID 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HAKE RECDMMEIIDATIOIIS 011 AID PROGRAN PROCEOUIiES AT THE EIIO OF AUGUST AttONG fHE SUBJECTS OF THE TASK FGRCE REPORT IIllICH IS AUtOST READY FOR SUBI1ISSIOII TO THE ADI1ItIlSTRATGR ARE TUt SErTlJlG OF AI D LEVELS EACH YEAR CU REtlT PROJECT DOCUHElllS AIIIl PROCE'DURES AlID THE POSSIOlllUES OF DELEGATltIG ADDITIOnAL AUTHORity AIID RESPDIlSIBllIJV TO THE FIELD 8 It IS NOT AiD'S IIITEIiTlOIi TO REDUCE PHILIPPI IE FUIIDlUG LEVelS BY 'BUREAUCRATIC MAlllPULATlOn OF PROJECT APPROVALS ' liE REAt m THAT THE DATA AVAILABlE III CERTAIII CASES MAY 1I0T Al AYS tIES lIlH liASHUlGlOIl'S lEEDS III SUCH INSTAllers liE RElY PARilCU'LARLY 011 THE EXI'£RI lICr AIlD HIIOIllEOGE OF F IUD EXPERTS SUCH AS YOURSEtf FOR u IlHERPRETATIOIl AIID EVALUATlOII or AVAILABLE FIGURES 9 YOll IIE TlOIiED TRE IIEEO FOR ClEltRtR DIRECT lOllS 011 SUCH ISSUES AS HUHAU RIGHTS AIIO THE POOR HA DRllY liE nAlliL A 17119 fOR LI______IFROI1 SIP lLAKE ItlFORMED AIIO ItILl IIORK TO EIISURE THAT POSTS ABROAD RECEIVE ALL CLARIFICATions AS lIEU AS ANY PRESIOE HIAl OECISIOH 011 THESE ISSUES AS THEY GECOIIE AYAIlJl BLE t THE ISSUES III YOUR DISSEIH HESSA E ttlRROR COIICERIIS AID ttsELF HAS Jl BOUT EXTEIISIV£ lAYER lUG AIIO PROTRACTED lAI THiG rER ODS AS A RESUl T OF THOSE COIICERIIS AID IS TAlIUlG STEPS TO n I nlllATE l EIIGTHY O£UiYS AIID STREAMlIliE THE PROCEDURES fOR PROJECT REVIEII AliD APPROVAL THE COIlCERnS vou EXPRESSED I YOu MESSAGE ARE IHPORfAIIT ISSUES AIID liE APPR£eIAlE THE OPPORTUIlITY TO DISCUSS THEH IIITH YOU THAUK YeU FOR USItlG THE DISSEIIT CRAWIEL VAlleE 10 2 TilE ASIA BUREAU IS REVISllIG R£VIEII AIID APPROVAL PROCEDURES 111111 THE IlITEIU 1011 OF ASSUR triG ACTI 011 OK P OJC CT IOElIlIFICATtOU DOCUMEIHS l'IO'SI IIITHIII 15 1I0RKilIG DA S AIIO 011 PROJECT PAPERS f P's IIITHIII 20 1I0RKIIlG DAYS ·1 3 UIiDER THESE REVISED PROCEDURES PROJECT CQl1t1lTTEE MEETIIlGS YIll BE HELD IIITHIII 19 DRYS or THE RECEIPT OF THE PROJECT DOCUNEIIT IF PROJECT COMITTEE rUlDS DOCUHEIIT IIIH ACCEPTABLE fOR ASIA PROJ£CT APPROVAL COMMItTEE IAPAC REVIEY THE COHtllTTEE YIU consull DIRECJLY IIITH M ASIA TO DETERI1IIlE APPROPRIATE AeTIOl TO BE lAKEI HERE PROJEC1 DOCUNEIITS ARE rOVllD SAT I SfACTORY fOR APAC REVltl PROJECT COMNITTEE lILL PRODUCE ISSUES PAPERS AriD REeDHMEHDAHOIIS FOR API C HEElING IIIIles IS to BE COtIVEtlED IIOT LATER IRAN SE E DAYS fOLL OI IUG PROJECT COMHIl1EE MEET lUG Itl THE CASE OF A rr AIID 15 DAYS III THE CASE OF A PID 4 THE APAe tErTl IGS HAVE BEW STREANLIIlED APAC DELIBERATIONS ARE LIMITED TO SUBSTAUTIVE POLICY AIID PROGRAMNAlI C I SSUES REV I SC D APP C PROCEDURES PROVI DE FOR THE CLEARAIICE III SUBSTAIIGE BY All I1EHBERS OF THE APAC • flNDUlGS AliD DECISIOtlS PRlaR TO THE CLOSE or THE IIEETIIIG ASIAfPO DRAFTS THE CABLES COIlllUIIi CAT IIIG THE APAC F1110 IHGS AHO OECISIOIIS IIllleH liE 11011 DISPATCH TO THE FIELD IIITHIN 3 IIORKIIIG OArS FOLLOIIING THE lEETInG THE DilL Y CABlE ClEARAIIC S REQUIRED ARE THE AID COUIITRY DESK OFFICER'S AIIO PPC'S IF APPROPRIATE S ASIA PO INTEIIOS TO ASSUR£ THAT ACHeN IS TAKEIt IIITHIN THE liNE FRAMES STATED ABOVE AIIO THAT ALL RELATED' ACTIONS IIECESSARY FOR THE AUTHORI AltOU OF II PROJECT E G COtlGRESSIOllAL lOTIFICATlOII DLse REVIEII OF tOAl1 PROPOSALS ARE 'APPROPRIATEl v SCHEOULED AlID CARRIED GUT UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432087 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432089 Date 11 13 2017 ________________ 00 _ _ _ _ _ _ •_ _ _ _ _ ·_ _ _· _____ · I-·-- - --- RELEASE IN PART 86 A-AA ASIA MH8ADLER S P FARRAR EAG 1 30 78 X28572 23029 SIP ALAKE S P OPEN FORUM DSKINNEY SIP ONf Y ROUTINE MANILA DISSENT CHANNEL I· AL MH CF E O 11652 N A I TAGS N A DSK SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF MANILA 17279· FOR --_ _ _ _ _ _----- I fROM SIP - LAKE B6 1 THE IS UES IN YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE MIRROR CONCERNS AID ITSELF HAS ABOUT EXTENSIVE LAYERING AND PROTRACTED WAITING PERIODS AS A RESULT OF_ THOSE CONCERNS AID IS TAKING STEPS TO ELIMINATE LENGTHY DELAYS AND STREAMLINE THE ·P OCEl URES fOR PROjECT REVIEW 'AND APPROVAL' 2 THE ASIA BURE U IS REVISING 'REVIEW AND APPROVAL PRQCEDURES1 WITH THE INTENTION OF ASSURING ACTION ON PROJECT IDENTIFICATION DOCUMENTS PID'S WITHIN 15 WORKING DAYS ' AND ON PROJECT PAPERS PpfS WITHIN 20 WORKING DAYS 3 UNDER THESE REVISED PROCEDURES PR OJEC'T COMMITTEE MEET-' INGS' WILL BE HELD WITHIN 10 DAYS OF THE RECEIPT OF THE PROJECT DOCUMENT IF PROJECT COMMITTEt FI DS DOCUMENT'NOT ACCEPTABLE FOR ASIA PROJECT APPROVAL COMnITTEE APAC REVIEW THE COMMITTEE WILL CONSULT DIRECTLY WITH AA ASIA L UNC FI9 J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432089 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432089 Date 11 13 2017 CONfIDENTIAL 102 TO DETERMINE APPROPRIATE ACTION TO BE TAKEN WHERE PROJECT DOCUMENTS ARE fOUND SATISFACTORY FOR APAC REVIEW PROJECT COMMITTEE WILL PRODUCE ISSUES PAPERS AND RECOMMENDATIONS fOR APAC MEETING WHICH IS TO BE CONVENED NOT LATER THAN SEVEN DAYS fOLLOWING PROJECT COMMlTTEE MEETING IN THE CASE OF A PP AND lS DAYS IN THE CASE OF A PID 4 THE APAC MEETINGS HAVE BEEN STREAMLINED APAC DELIBERATIONS ARE LIMITED TO SUBSTANTIVE POLICY AND PROGRAMMATIC ISSUES REVISED APAC P'ROCEDURES PROVIDE fOR THE CLEARANCE IN SUBSTANCE BY ALL MEMBERS or THE APAC fINDINGS AND DECISIONS PRIOR TO THE CLOSE OF THE MEETING ASIA PD DRAFtS THE CABLES COMMUNICATING THE APAC FIN INGS AND DtCISIONS WHICH WE NOW DISPATCH TO THE fIELD WITHIN 3 WORKING DAYS FOLLOWING THE MEETING THE ONLY CABLE CLEARANCES REQUIRED ARE THE AID COUNTRY DESK OFFICER'S AND PPC'S If APPROPRIATE S ASIA PD INTENDS TO ASSURE THAT ACTION IS TAKEN WITHIN THE TIME fRAMES NaTE STATED ABOVE AND THAT ALL RELATED ACTIONS NECESSARY fOR THE AUTHORIZATION Or A· PROJECT E G CONGRESSIONAL NOTIfICATION DLSC REVIEW Of LOAN PROPOSALS ARE APPROPRIATELY SCHEDULED AND tARRIED' OUT I b ALTHOUGH THESE PROPOSED REVISIONS CANNOT CURE ALL ILLS THEY CAN HELP GENERATE TIMELY DECISIONS ELIMINATE LENGTHY SIGN-OFF PROCE»URES AND AVOID TENDENCIES TO fORMULATE QUESTIONS AD IN INITUM • 7 AS YOU MAY KNOW THE ADMINISTRATOR ESTABLISHED A TASK FORCE TO EXAMINE AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS ON AID PROGRAM PROCEDURES AT THE END Of AUGUST AMONG THE SUBJECTS OF THE TASK FORCE REPORT WHICH IS ALMOST READY fOR SUBMISSION TO THE ADMINISTRATOR ARE THE SETTING OF AID LEVELS EACH YEAR CURRENT PROJECT DOCUMENTS AND PROCEDURES AND THE POSSIBILITIES Of DELEGATING ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY AND' RESPONSIBILITY TO THE FIELD 8 IT IS NOT AID'S INTENTION TO REDUCE PHILIPPINE fUNDING LEVELS BY BUREAUCRATIC MANIPULATION Of PROJECT APPROVALS WE REALIZE THAT THE DATA AVAILABLE IN CERTAIN CASES MAY NOT ALWAYS MESH WITH WASHINGTON'S NEEDS IN SUCH INSTANCES WE RELY PARTICULARLY ON THE EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF fIELD EXPERTS SUCH AS YO uRSELf FOR A INTERPRETATION AND EVALUATION OF AVAILABLE FIGURES 9 YOU MENTIONED THE NEED FOR CLEARER DtRECTIONS ON SUCH ISSUES AS HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE POOR MAJO ITY WE L UNCLASSIfIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0E3432089 Date 11 13 2017 -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432089 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------------------------- ------ UNCLASSIFIED I 3 RECOGNIZE THE IMPORTANCE Of KEEPING THE FIELD FULLY INFORMED AND WILL WORK TO ENSURE THAT POST ABROAD RECEIVE ALL CLARIfICATIONS AS WELL AS ANY PRESIDENTIAL DECISIONS ON THESE ISSUES' AS THEY BECOME AVAILABLE 10 THE CONCERNS OU EXPRESSED IN YOUR MESSAGE' ARE IMPvRTANT ISSUES AND WE APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY TO DISCUSS THEM WITH YOW THANK YOU FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL fY L' UN LASSIfIED UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432089 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 • •• ' • •• •••• ' • CONFIDEN'ffAL RELEASE IN PART B6 December 3 1974 The Secretary of State Department of State Washington D C Dear Sir The following is my dissenting view in accordance with State Department Airgram A-3592 of May 21 1974 SUMMARY In the prosecution of U S policy in Thailand the official U S Embassy and Military posture of supplication vis-a-vis the RTG is not only self-defeating but is wholly out of keeping with either good bargaining techniques or the factual situations we have faced in the past or face today While this approach has not been totally unproductive its dollar costs have been grossly higher than necessary yand more important it established the basis for many of the presentday USG political problems in Thailand These problems are being exacerbated by the continuation of weak negotiating practices and an almost cavalier attitude towards co ts and waste particularily on the part of the U S Milit rY DISCUSSION There is now and has be over the years in our dealings with the RTG a clear failure on tn part of our se ior civilian and mili- tary officials to recog ze the value 0 the U S presence in Thailand to the RTG This weakness'has been quite naturally played upon by the RTG at every opportunity particularly in their dealings concerning the U S Military in Th ailand The theory that unless we do everything the RTG wants' they will'throw us oue' has iong been and still is espoused as tlle-Offida· Embassy position and is neither based on fact nor is it· ' supportable by circumstances On the political side such a position has resulted in precedents wh fch have actually weakened COJvFIDEM'fIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 CONFiDeiTIAL our position The lack of a Status of Forces agreement being one of the more serious problems in this connection From the financial point of view consistently weak negotiating tactics have cost the u s Taxpayers far in excess of what would be justifiable or necessary to attain our foreign policy goals EXAMPLES Of what can be accomplished 1 In September 1973 the RIG waived its earlier instituted requirement for payment of export premium and reserve set-aside taxes on USG multi-million dollar procurements of Thai rice in support of our program in Laos This waiver was the culmination of actions initiated independently by USAID Laos with the RTG - actions taken out of urgent need for the rice and frustration with co t1nued procrastination on the part of the U S Embassy in Thailand whose then counselor for Economic Affairs at one point actually sugge$ted that the USG pay the taxes rather than raise the unpleasant question to a high enough level within the RTG to allow for a solution USAID Laos' refusal to pay the taxes and direct USAID Laos unofficial contact with the RTG forced the Embassy to arrange an official meeting between USAID Laos' representative the Embassy Counselor for Economic Affairs and the responsible RTG official When thus approached at the decision-making level the RTG official determined the USG rice feeding program was to be treated as a joint AID program between the USG and the RIG on behalf of the RLG with resultant savings to date of more than US$ 3 million In spite of the foregoing as late as July 1974 the U S Embassy in Bangkok refused to acknowledge this RTG attitude and to use same in negotiations with the RTG concerning USG programs in Laos In July 1974 the Express Transport Organization of Thailand ETP 2 agreed to a transit-truck rate for USAID Laos cargo between Sattahip and Laos which is Bht 1110 US$ 54 50 per ten ton truck lower than ETO's original' asking price and 'is Bht 1441 40 US$ 70 66 per ten ton truck lower than the rate now being paid by the U S Military for the same service over the same route e present U S Military rate is based on a ren gotiation of the Military ETO agreement effected at aboutthe same time as was· the USAID Laos ETO agreement · Discussions with _ U S Military Cpntracting Officer and Embassy officials revealed on the military side an attitude of indifference and the claim that the ETO is a monopoly - we can't do anything abQut their oy rcharges The USAIP Laos ETQ agreem followed nearly two years of negotiations during which time ETO operating' level negotiators refused to reduce their excessive demands and numerous requests-for assistance - 2 - CffifFIDe fIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 1'''' ' • from the U S Embassy proved fruitless The satisfactory conclusion was reached within less than two months following USAID Laos' determination-that the oft-requested assistance from the U S Embassy was simply not to be forthcoming Accordingly direct contact was made between US AID Laos and a senior ETD official The considerable concession in rate granted by the ETD was based on the fact that the ETD as an RTG AgencYt agreed to consider and ultimately recognized the mutuality of USG RTG i terest in the USG Laos program the very point the U S Embassy has consistently rejected as being a valid bargaining' position The success of both of the foregoing negotiations proves several important points 1 The RTG does recognize the importance of our presence and programs n support of anti-communist elements in contiguous countries and is prepared to cooperate when the chips are down 2 By no means is the USG forced td comply blindly with unreasonable demands by RTG agencies All demands are negotiable and chances for positive results increase proportionately with the level of approach within the RTG • There is no doubt that not all of the U S desires are politically or otherwise acceptable to the RTG However I contend that more otten than not recalcitrance or unreasonable demands on the part of RTG officials particularly operating level personnel results more from the fact that hey have correctly assessed the lack of bargaining ability and simple naivete on the part of our diplomatic and military teams here and not because as a matter of RTG policy major U S objectives in this part of the world are significantly out of line with those of the RTG The recent visit to Laos of the RTG Foreign Minister haroonphan Israngkur is a perfect case in point- When confronted with a complaint about U S bases on Thai soil he made it quite clear to the Lao that ' ' while the RTG does not want American milit-ary forces to be stationed in its territory • • • II the RTG • • • does not wi h to see the military forces of ny other nations stationed in Laos either l bV10usiy the RTG considers it necessary that some U S presence in Thailand 1 USIS translation · Foreign Minister Charoonphan Israngkur's News Conference Don Muang Airport Nov 8 1974 - 3 - GONFfDEN'ffAt UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 GONFIDEN'ffAL continue at least for the present time since according to Foreign Minister Charoonphan withdrawals depend on the situation outside our country and whether there will be any developments which would have' repercussions on the stability and security of our country 1 This was certainly the attitude of the former Thanom regime and it is clearly the attitude of the present·RTG It is a fact that while political power is presently in the hands of civilians some of whom are not particularly pro-U S the raw power in Thailand is still in the hands of the Thai Military which organization has been and continues to be in favor of continued U S Military presence in Thailand Moreover many highly placed individuals within both the Thai Civilian Bureaucracy and Military organizations are connected with business ventures which reap substantial profits from goods and services supplied to the U S Military official and unofficial U S Military personnel and their dependents expenditures in Thailand duri g the 'first eleven months of CY '74 amounted to US$ 160 000 000 11 or about 8% of Thailand's foreign exchange surplus It is obvious that a complete and or precipitous withdrawal of U S Military personnel would not be· suitable to either the Thai Military as an organization receiving many operating benefits from the U S Military presence the RTG from a strictly national economic view or to the numerous politically powerful civilian and military individuals whose business' interests would be negatively affected by the loss of the substantial market the U S Military represents In this connection it should also be recognized that even one of the severest Thai critics of he 2 S former F reign Minister Dr Thanat Khoman has made it clear - that removal 9f U S troops and bases is not expected to be immediate and that the m litary should be replaced by a similar number of businessmen educators · doctors and scientists The implication being that Thai and is well aware of the economic impact of the U S Military presence and the negative effect on the Thai economy of a complete withdrawal without a concurrent replacement source of income • - # ••' 1 USIS translation Foreign Minister Charoonphan lsrangkur's News Conference Don Muang Airpo t NQv 197 4 ' 2 Embassy BKK Airgram A243 6 30 7 ' - ' l' 7 ' 0 3 MACTHAI • J • '-7· 1 ' - 4 Address to American Chamber of Copnne'r t February 20 1974 - 4- CONFIDRN'fI UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 • CONFIDEfiTfAL CONCLUSION The naivete evidenced by our Embassy and Military staff in dealings with the RTG has seriously undermined our efforts in Thailand and has achieved results only at costs far greater than necessary RECOMMENDATION i Reassess our Military requirements in Thailand Make every effort to reduce our presence unilaterally Understand that requirements of ouIS also have Military and econbmic value to the RTG Recognize that these are real values and that they involve a mutuality of political interests as well as significant financial interest on official and unofficial levels and employ this knowledge positively in negotiations with the RTG Abandon the hat in hand approach whereby we feel we must continually prove our worth to the RTG That is to say negotiate with the knowledge that we do represent both political and economic assets to the RIG and to many of the individuals within the RTG with whom we negotiate Put our negotiations on a businesslike basis and in so doing bring into our dealings with the RTG a greater degree of practicality than heretofore exhibited Sincerely yours 86 d' cc Director of Policy Planning Staff Executive Secretary GffiIFID eiTIAL - 5 - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980167 Date 09 12 2017 co 641540 3 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415403 Date 10 11 2017 t jl 11jiE uOFiF t e At rJ slftl _ RELEASE IN DejJa rtnlent o l5 at PART 86 STATE PAGE 01 039887 7767 STATE UTGO I NG ELE GRAM Ol9SS1 ORIGIII AtTHOUGH TKES£ PROPOSED REVI IOIIS C rIllOT CURE All ILLS THEY CAtl HELP GEIIERATE TlHEL Y OECISIOIIS ElIHIIIAT£ lEtlGTHY SIGn-OfF PROCEOUilES AlID AVOID TEIIDEIICIES TO FORIIUlATE OUESTlOIlS AD IIIF IImUI1 6 lifO 00-01 S-UI ISO-UO IOO R DRAFTED EY A-MIAS IA IlHBADL£R SIP CFARRAR EAG APPROVED BY SIP AlAKE SIP OPElI FORUII OSK IIwn DESIRED DISTRIBUTIOII SIP OllL y • •• - - •• - - •• -----021302 160G2lZ 121 R IS 82SZ FEe 78 rH SECSTATE IIASHDC 10 ANEMBASSY MAllllA LIIlITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 039887 8 IT IS ROT AID'S 1IlTEtllion TO REDUCE PHILIPPIHE FUIIDING LEVELS BY 1JUREAUC AT I C H IIIPUlATlOIi OF PROJECT APPROVALS liE REALIZE THAT THE OAIA AVAILABLE III CERTAIII CASES NAY IIOT At IIAYS MESH III TH IIASH IIIGTOIl' S UEEDS III SUCH IHST IICES Ill RELY PARTICI l ARLY all THE EXPERI£IICE ArID RIIOIllEOOE or fIELD EXPERTS SUCH AS YOURSELF rca All IlITERPRETATIOIi AIID EVALUAT O I Of AVAilABLE fiGURES DISSElH CHMIIIH E O 116 2 filA UGS lilA SueJECT DISSENT CHAIIIIEL MESSAGE REF AS YOU HAY KII THE AONIIIISTRATOR ESTABLISHED· A TASK rO CE TO EXAnlllE AIiD MAKE RECOI1H£IIOATIDIIS 011 AID PROGRAtI PROCEDURES AT THE EIID OF AUGUST MOnG THE SUBJECIS OF THE TASK fORCE REPORT HltH IS ALMOST READY FOR SUBMISSIOli TO THE ADNIlIiSTRATOR ARE THE SEn IIIG Of AID lEVELS EACH YEAR CURRWT PROJECT VOCUIlEIlTS AIiD PROCEDURES AlID THE POSSIBILItfES OF OHEGATIIiG ADDITIOIlAl UTHORm AIID RESPOllSIBILITY TO THe FiElD 7 9 YOtll EUTfOllED rnE tlEEO fOR CLEARER DIRECT lOllS all SUCH ISSUES AS HUNAII RIGHTS MiD THE POOR MA ORITY E HAHIlA 17279 IIlfORHED AtID IIlll WORK TO WSURE THAT POSTS ABROAD RECEIVE ALL CLARIFICATions AS WELL AS AllY PRE'SIOEIITIAl DECISIOtlS OU THESE ISSUES AS THEY BE CONE AVAILABLE rORL-1_ _ _ _ _ JlfROM SIP LLAKE I THE ISSUES In YOUR DISSEIIT MESSAGE HIRROR COliCERtlS AIO ITSElf HAS ABOUT EXTEIISIVE lAYERltIG AIIO PROTRACTED IIAITIIIG PERIODS AS A RESULT OF THOSE COIICERIIS AID IS TAKIlIG STEPS TO ElIHIltATE LEIIGTHY DELAYS Aao STREAMlIJlE THE PROCEDURES rOR PROJECT REV IEII AIIO APPROVAL 86 13 THE COIiCERns YOU EXPRESSED III YOUR MESSAGE ARE IHPORTANT ISSUES AIIO liE APPRECIATE THE OPPORfUlIl Y TO DISCUSS THEM IIITH YOO THAIIK YOU rOR USIIIG THE DISSEIIT CHAIIIIEL VAIICE THE S A BUREAU IS REVISinG REVIE AIID APPROVAL PROCEDURES IIITH THE IlITEHTIGIl OF ASSURIIIG ACTIO I 011 PROJECT IOEIIlIF ICAIIOII OOCUNEIlIS P 10' 51 WIIH III IS lORK IIlG DAYS AIIO au PRime HPERS err'SI WITHIII 20 1I0RKlfIG DAYS 1• 3 UI DER THESE REVISED PROCEDURES PROJECT COtIHlTTEE MEETIHGS IIILl BE uno VI THill IU DAYS Of THE RECEIPT of THE PROJECT OOCUMEUT IF PROJECT CDIUIi ITEE F IIIDS OOCUNEIIT nOT ACCEPTABLE fOR ASIA PROJECT APPROVAL COMNI nEE IAPACI REVIEW THE CON UfTEE llIlL COIiSUlT DIREClLY 11TH AA ASIA TO DETERIIIIIE APPROPRIATE ACTIOfl TO BE TAKEI HERE PROJEcT ODCUNEfllS ARE FOUIID SAT ISFACTORY FOR APAC REVI Ell PROJECT COMMU1EE III Ll PRODUCE ISSUES PAPERS AIID RECOHHENDATIOIlS fOR APAC MEETING HICH IS TO 6E COIIVEIIED IIOT lATER THAN SEVEN DAYS FOLLOIIIJIG PROJECT COMHITTEE NEETlIIG III THE CASE OF A PP AIID IS DAYS IN THE CASE OF A PID I THE PAC EETUIGS HAY BHtI STREANL IIIED APAe DH leERATlOIiS ARE L1NI TEO TO SUBSTAnTIVE POLICY AIID PRO RAHHATIC ISSUES REVISEO APAC PROCEDURES PROVIDE rOil THE CLEARAIiCE III SUBSTAlICE 8 All MENBERS OF THE APAC 'rIlIOIUGS AIIO OECISIOIIS PRIOR TO IHE CLOSE OF THE MEETinG ASI PD DRAFTS THE CABLES COHNUlIlCATlIlG THE APAC FIIID HGS AND OECISIOIIS IIIIICH liE O DISPATCH TO THE FIELD IIITHln 3 IIORKIIIG DAYS FOLlOIIIUG THE MEET IIiG THE OIlL Y CABLE CLEARAlICES REOUIRED ARE THE AID COUHTRY DESK OFFICER'S MID PPC'S Ir APPROPRIATE S ASIAIPO IHTEIWS TO SSURE THAT ACTION IS TAKEII IIITHI tHE TIflE FRAMES STATED ABOVE AIIO THAT All RElATED ACTIONS IIECESSARV FOR TH£ AUTHORIZATIOII OF A PROJECT E G COIIGRESS I DIIAL flOT If ICAT I 011 It SC R v Ell DF lOAti PROPOSALS AlIE APPROPRIATElY SCHEDULED AHD CARRIED OUT LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415403 Date 10 11 2017 C06416710 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416710 Date 10 11 2017 i LIMITED OFFICIAL USE OUTGOING TELEGRAM Departlnent Of State STATE 041319 ISO-00 ONY-00 PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 0610 PART 86 DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY APPROVED BY S P TLAKE S P MELY S NBOYER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY ------------------241740 RELEASE IN 003 R 030329 42 R 241657Z FEB 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 041319 STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL E O T t GS 11552 EINV N A CO SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION REF BOGOTA 1639 FOR JFROM LAKE-S P T IS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEI T OF YOUR OISSENT MESSAGE ON THE PROPOSED OPIC ANDEAN INVESTMENT MISSION MICHAEL ELY OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULAT ED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES FOR eCONOMIC AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS AND INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE I 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416710 D te 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064316S2 Date 1 1113 2017 o • i· DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C RELEASE IN PART 20520 86 Dissent Channel Message MEMORANDUM September 15 1977 'ffIJ TO Sip - Mr Tony Lake Director Planning Staff FROM ARA CCA Decontrol and Release of LOU and unclas ified Material --------- v -JfT L-I SUBJECT I At the time of the OAS General Assembly in Grenada I was taking a course in human rights at a local law school When the unclassified reporting cable came in with the text of the resolution on human rights I wished to share it with my class Because I had learned to my surprise while doing an FOIA case that the fact a document is unclassified does not mean it is part of the public domain I made inquiries as to who could give me permission to release the cable to the public FOrA told me that the appropriate office could authorize the release of unclassified cables but could not tell me who in the ARA hierarchy from a secretary to the Assistant Secretary could give me permission FOIA also told me that all requests for documents had to come through its office as there are reproduction costs involved in releasing a document When I stated that I wished to release the document on my initiative I was told that I was going outside channels and that I should talk to SY I found SY equally unable to giv e me guidelines as to r releasing un 1 ssified a t rIal Neither FOrA o SY c'ou e er me toa regulatIon or im individual with the answer ·1 therefore drafted the enclosed memo to my ARA FOIA office That office has not replied in writing but has informed me that the answers to my questions are in 5 FAM 950 a position which was purportedly coordinated with SY and L ARA It is obvious that 5 FAM 950 is hopelessly outdated and too vague to be any help Section 952 1 stated that among other things information received through privileged sources and __ -_ _-----------_ _---- --- -------- -- ------_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064316Si Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431652 Date 11113 2017 -2- JJ If certain personnel medical investigative commercial and financial records shall be affor ded physical protection comparable to that given Confidential material in order to safeguard it from unauthorized disclosure and shall be marked LOU In fact instead of using LOU to protect the type of iriformation listed most offices app ar to view it as a type of quasi security classification and mark LOU things the release of which might be harmful to national security but which do not seem to be quite harmful enough' to rate the six-year protection of Confidential LOU also seems t -s Q mm O ll L¥ y§ to wotect thin9S dis­ cloSMr O be emb ras in to a of r an individual 5 FAM 913 pro lbits the c asslficatlon of informarlOn to conceal inefficiency of administrative error to prevent embarrassment or to prevent for any other reason the release of information which does not require protection in the interest of national security Evidently these guidelines do not a'pply to the release of LOU or unclass ifled mater ial h-tU$ 44- yI u In addition to abuse of LOU to protect people from embarrassment LOU is also obvious1 us d 1m ro to protect informatlon w lch shoul n act be c s 'fied Con f1 'Oenfl·al 'n 0 na lonal urity Several mon sago e Overseas Private Investment corporation sent me a large number of LOU cables with the demand that I authorize their release by CO OPId attornys insisted that this was not an FOIA dase and that they did not want to go through the State FOIA office in order to save time However in view of the fact that the documents were to be usea in a public hearing r haa to r view them under FOIA standards I had to upgrade six of them to Confidential in oraer to protect them ' LIARA agre ed with this approach However tiARA also said that in view of the fact that the docum nts which I refused were refusea under FOIA standards the refusal letter had to be signed by the Deputy Assistant Secretary as in an ForA case even though my Office Director haa the power to order the rele'ase at the ton cal5fEts-wlh ch were in fa'C't '-re'l-ea s e'a 'h 'i'S-s'cn 1Togi'Ca1 but is nO-Woere expressed in any regulation to my knowledge Since the advent of FOIA there does not seem to be any legal differ p e betw p _aB9 unclassified Title 22 Section 6 4 of the Foreign Relations Rules and Regulations lists eight categories of materials which can be protected -- ------------- -- ------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431652 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431652 Date 11 13 2017 _ ' -3- under FOrA standards none of which are classified under an executive order as needing protection for national security reasons Since LOU s not established by any executive order and since Title 22 applys the same rules of decontrol to both LOU and unclassified material the _ erence between LOU and uncla sifi j is J at • 2D R£ n e seive a reprlmana· from Sy for not rotectln LOU materi - s distinction seems 0 me 0 be who ly' lrratlonal as it means that o eceiveJ a reprimanawror not pro ebtingsomething which by law cannot receive more protection in the face of a public inquiry than an unclassified piece of material A n w definition of LQU should be de eloped which takes the present reariti s' into a9count • Such issues as what eliect the privacx A9 t has on uncrassi i_e o umertt _ ' -' M t we should do a60u t toe CIA FS ana '1fS'C' 'fio·t J ii l g 8J I Jls e nlyn ca te go tY mUi £ iie- - iB 1im a also in te res t ing side questions such as how to protect unclassified Dissent Channel messages Ti tIe 22-ana-S 5 § O-n'ave to De' rewrltten ta n9iinto account the judicial interpretations of those regulations which have not been reflected by changed language I believe one sensible solution would 'be to state that anything which can or should'still be'protected by the FOIA or Privacy Acts or any othe legal iequirement should be classified LOU a category which·should be es a lished on a government wide l5a sis 6y e xec eorae ' dU-'i1G'I-Cfcfi1ft-U n'C'on t -r'0'l 1 'ed-ma te rial wouta i with th understanding that unclassified means what a lay in'terpretation would imply now -- i e something which any employee can share with anyone At tach men t As stated Draft ARA CCA1 9 15 77 X2l6Sa -------- J - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of S'tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431652 Date 11 13 2017 - 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445724 Date 12 11 2017 - 'Ww- IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WashlnKton D C 20520 July 17 1975 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL UNCLASSIFIED I I American Consulate General Luanda Angola Dear L I_ _ _ _ - - ' As you are aware very shortly after you sent your dissent channel telegram Luanda 440 the security situation in Luanda deteriorated to the point that de- pendents of American citizens both government and private were evacuated Until then Mr Herbert Spiro of my office had been consulting with officers in AF about the content of your message With the changed circumstances however a substantive decision based on your dissent was no longer necessary - Nevertheless I believe it appropriate to commend you for making use of the dissent channel and to assure you that your telegram was circulated to the highest levels in the Department s1nce t J - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 'C06445724 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472816 Date 01 11 2018 P' ' ' I - ••• I ' to RELEASE IN PART • 'eel FlaeNTUb 86 4t _ • REB1U NEW DE 23 e' 1 ii 51z · PAGE e1 i 0 ' • r • AcnON 5fi p U ' i ' o 4'1 ' • __ '1 IIf' _ OeT H' ES ei · 0@4 p INFO 1II11111C1Q11l11einQIIIUUI CIID EI' P 1909 gi· F B B 'TO e N F i ' ' N '7 i' A ' E ' O%S5ENY' b I 00 _ ' • • t • ' At F H ASSV NEW DEL-HX' SECSf TE WA3MDC PRXORXTV P M ' 0eG 22 6979 NE I OEbiH e ha • ' ao- ' t J W _ ' ' IS ' f P rI 0' W CHANN IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII n 5 HOISSENT' Goa MeBeA E 'SUaJ CT8 n hlh NES8A it FHHUONA6 T AN8M h A oiaSEN7iN Yi w SUB X1T g BY 0 fi GAL AC'flNG AIu 0IRECTOR I I I CONeu s X i A V aOFto THI B SS NTlNG VtElfe 86 2 UM A8Y u m e c Not N Y iizN HBA Gb o _i aco 'iNENt' DUY Auopr SU Z R MeAi'lGO PQl tCY WITH R S EC'f' TO 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HARY' 8 OPPOSE '70 eHtt XAN I ACt P Oe AS ' M G8NEFtALE I 1 J' 't RNA6 POflfR ANt' PRESTue ZNCR A$ sp f O $ 'iHe IU K Oil' O l Si IHbnifRY ADV Wi'lJTaSH AND ijcPR 8U N aJZ g ' CAN O'j Ill· SHClH'i' OF A lf SFtH ZONE CONVEN TlONS PREV NT Ab THIS FRaM HAPp NING WE DON IT' HAVE 'TO eel n6IHiUM I •• ' • • f' ' ' - UNCLASSIFiED 4L ' ct U S Department of Stat Cas uNo F-2016-07743 f Doc No C06472816 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472816 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' eOI I'±CENfiA PAG 'J3 NEW Ass6ciA1e ' I OE a312' iit ef11f 0' it xt e ' AR j iA E teNc tb cr Cg RAi G6Nj OUa a ffE 'DECza%ON I t·1AI ING 'I l O 'THER BV THWARTING jii epp zr 'l'1' NeSS REDIJC%N O R cEVe OPM r C J C7ZYES ' ' ePREAD efP CT6» RE XN peOR M%t n p- ·liARO AHE I' C TkI Y OF OUR UO PFlOGRM1 ONE ONDERS_WH t THE CDU Tnx FO AeH N W rTSM 0' 'I'Ha Loe 'casu I SU%RF i TC SUPPQRT' ANO Ui r7 E 'XMPO T o ARHS a PRF S N1 A eXGNIPXUAN7' DRAIN ON RSq SOURCES OTHE WlS AVAI Aa E POR oeVEbOPHeNT' PURPOSES ' ' t · S $ ' _ c ARMS SALE@ 't ND TO DEHDRAi tn tH LOpi4ENf 1 NOI rl SEGMENTS OP' THf BUR AUCAAC V N tHIS o V t P G COUNlR US A NUHBF R OF DED1CATEO OFFICIALS AT' VAR nus EY LS OP GOVERNMENT' WORK HA#D TO G T 1XO Ab RVELOpM NY POLICI B 'THSOUGH THElR BUREAueR TXC AND POl znCAL sye eHS _wf · SUPPOR'i ' H R FPORTa IUH DEVE1 0PMEN'jI' A C WE UNDE CY1 TH5M wrTH kR a SAbP'S i ' ARMS SAL S 'YEND 'TO bl A RASS 1I 'CMOn ALLY AND Pci I7XCALLV ·WHEN us RMS R uago GA N T FRIE b NArX Ns OR_AGAXNS'YT E REC%P t N'fiS O I N P OP LP R CtN'I' H a'i'ClRV 'IN '1HE suaCONUNf N ' U PROOF P NOIJ GH OF 'rHAT' fl'Ae'r ' '5 FOR TH Bg nt 'sQ e r Rr CO WE 'mAT' ANV FXN ' OECI ZQN 'TO R bAX TK ARMS S b M8A GC IN T E nGnNTXN NT' BE O bAY O LJNUb 'I'l'iE BROA e R LI STXON OF ARrJ S SAL ES TO POOR OOUN'fRlES · tN G NEflAt ·X8·'OA PUl Y RE ZP Ir O x IOUl O MOPE ·YH4T· % rH P ROCESS OP REnIH SOfl WQRI O ICiE JOUL C SCHN IC R FlAnC A · CRXnRU TOR· f RG 'r f ' • us ARMS· SUPIILY 'POl lCV r f l C' • f ' -• • • ¥ ' o ' to 10 I' 0' • ' • ° • t 't I t • • • • • ' 0 ' o' eONFnF H ht 1' ' ' ' ' ' I If •• • • t ' - ' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472816 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473013 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART IS6 - - Departnzent Of State I TELEGRARfn -5'2 O XGtN 5P 03 A TEO BY A 2t M S piO piSYOGELG SANG By OVED 'ePB W 3 U C A A HD 10 AMEHBA SY VAOUND ' UNcLA8 S1A1 1 '1P O SS N't eHANN L O eS2 'tAGS i AI eM v AlliER U J CT D S8 NT M S AaE RE VAOUNDE 8 8 TH a W L AC NO OG R C I T 0' O S EN' eHANN TELEGRAM 0' JUNf 3 w 'i H RE RENCED D ' ' a Nc I 8 H 8 AGE ACORE03 e AN 'DMtNlSTRA 'HE O H RW $£ %N A tORDANCl X H THE PUL T O O R% NORH LY CeV R D BY HECHjN 8MS OTH R AN THE OISS NT eHANN L o WE HAV ASKED MR W 8o HOP INS C R e tP H C ' OF P A ONN L ANO M N OWER %N l Oi TO HELP REap NO TO W QUfSTION POS O MA1 R t OR O%S ENj M SS4C S VCUR EL£ A H 8 9 EN CIR¥ U ATEe ro H O C S O YH 4EeR Vv iHE EXS1UTIVE 3 eR RY HE D R e10ft O' HE O V PLANNlNl S A' ANO TH CHAlRMAN O 1H SE R rARt S O £N reRUM P NE UY ON WE W LL SE HA -s SOON AS 08 B - ou REC IV£ K saING R V - TO YOUR CONCERNS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473013 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476534 Date 01 11 2018 INCOMIt G CONFIDENTIAL DejJart111cnt af State 07342 INFO OCT-DO 021449Z TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 5389 004 W ---- ---- - -------251205 0'21859Z 53 ADS-DO AMAD -al ES-Ol R 021420Z APR 82 FM AMEMBASSY BONN TO SECSTATE WASHOC 5651 ' e r I 9 g N T I A b BON rl 0 7 3 42 86 REF STATE 86605 1 C - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR COMMENTS ON DISTRIBUTION OF MY DIS SENT CHANNEL MESSAGE 3 '1 REOUEST YOU RECONSIDER YOUR DECISION TO WITHHOLD DIS TRIB UTI 0 N TO ACDA AND US I CA ·S INC E I T '1 S MY UfJ DERSTAN DIN G· THE DISSENT CHANNEL SERVES THESE AGENCIES AND THE MATTERS DISCUSSED ARE OF PARTICULAR CONCERN TO T'HESE AGENCIES I B l I EVE THE y SH0 Ul D- HAVET HE 0PP0 RTUN I TY Toe 0NSI 0ERA l TE R- • NAT I VE V I EIVS 4 I LOOK FORWARD TO RECEIVING YOUR COORDINATED SUB'STANTIVE REPLY TO MY MESSAGE BURNS _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476534 Date 01 11 2018 _ - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432090 Date 11 13 2017 - - '--- c-t-'r-r-Ctf-t• ' - ' 9 r T-·I -f-- r' 1 t· · ·tr -r---c·-r-r·'T-r·'·t --·l--C- --l--ti -' l T -- ------ ---- -------- ---- - RELEASE IN FULL t ' - - - -·c - - i1 J2311 -- J ' - '- ' 1 _ - _ 4 ' OCT - J - - UNCLASSIFIED r fASIA PD JSCHNEIDER FV tlO ll 7 EXT 58960 tAA ASIA JHSULLIVAN rt 'ADSAIAiA S I A MHB Aift E R _ A P T vt ELL lOT T D RAFT PPC DPRE PMATHtSO ASIA PD MMP HL DRAFT TR HR RUMijQE E j AS I AI P D' ARL 0 VE As I AI DP RMEEH AN D RAFT ASIA PD Jt CCABE DRAFT GC ASIA CSTEPHENSON DRAFT 1T ACTION BASIA CHRON 2 3 4 8 INFO IIA PPC GC GCFLD 4ASIA GCASIA AATA ED FTA 3DP PRIORITY MANILA AIDAC LO 11652 N A JHS iS Jit'F ' J 1 I J' TAGS SUBJECT PAPER REF MH A -4 1 REAL PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION PROJECT iA MANILA 14b95 iB STATE 283549 I r 1 SUMMARY APAC CHAIRED BY THE AA ASIA ON SEP· iEM8ER 29 REVIEWED THE REAL PROPERTY TAX ADMINISTRATION RPTA PP THE COMMITTEE DECIDED TO WITHHOLD AP- PROVAl OF PROCEEDING WITH DLSC CONSIDERATION AND LOAN r AUTHORIZATION AT THIS TIME APAC IS COGNIZANT THAT A · REAL PROPERTY TAX SYSTEM IS A POTENTIALLY IMPORTANT 'SOURCE OF REVENUE FOR LOCALLY GENERATED DEVELOPMENT ROJECTS AND IS GENERALLY AN APPROPRIATE AREA FOR AID INSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT IMPROVEMENT ACTIVITIES APAC fURTHER RECOGNIZES THAT FROM A LOCAL BUDGETARY PERSPECTIVE 1'1' MAY NOT BE DESIRABLE TO EARI1ARK TAX REVENUES COLLECTED FOR SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES HOWEVER THE PROJECT APPROACH AS FORMULATED IN THE pp IS UNDULy PROVISIONAL IN THE RELATIONSHIPS BETWEEN THE EQUITABLE COLLECTION AND EVENTUAL PROGRAMMING AND EX PENDITURE OF TAX REVENUES ON APPROPRIATE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ACCORDINGLY THE COMMITTEE BELIEVED' · THAT THE PROJECT DID NOT REASONABLY DEMONSTRATE THE I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No C064320 0 Date 11 13 2017 ----_ -- - --- - - -- - - - -------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432090 Date 11 13 2017 ------ __ _ - - - _- _---_ _-_ _ _-- -_ _-- -_ --- ' --- - _ _-_ _-_ --_ _ - - ---_ _- - -- - -- ' UNCLASSIFIED I 2 DIRECT AND POSITIVE BENEFITS TO LOW-INCOME PEOPLE AS THE AID TARGET GROUP SINCE THE PRESENT PROJECT IS LARGELY A FOLLOW-ON TO THE PILOT ACTIVITIES CONDUCTED UNDER PDAP THE COMMITTEE FURTHER FELT IT'WOULD BE USEFUL TO EVALUATE THOSE PDAP ACTIVITIES PRIOR TO PROCEEDING WITH WIDE-SCALE IMPLEMENTATION OF RPTA ALTHOUGH THE CY 1976 PROPERTY TAX DATA FROM PDAP MUNICIPALITIES MAY NOT BE FULLY AVAILABLE A REPRESENTATIVE iAMPLE SHOULD BE SUFFICIENT TO PROVIDE SOME OF THE NECESSARY INFORMATION ON A COLLECTION COSTS iB COLLECTION RATES ' C CAPACITY OF LOCAL GOVERNMENTS TO EFFECTIVELY PROGRAM REVENUES D EXPENDITURES OF FUNDS ON DEVELOPMENT WELFARE 'OR OTHER TYPE ACTIVITIES HICH DIRECTLY BENEFIT THE POOR AND iE ' IMPACT Of TAX ON POOR WE ARE AWARE OF THE PROGRAMATIC REASONS fOR MAINTAINING A TIMEL'Y IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE WE ARE PREPARED TO RESCHEDULE REVIEW OF THE PROJECT BY NOVEMBER FOLLOWING RECEIPT OF THE ADDITIONAL INFORMATION AND ANALYSIS REQUESTED BELOW END SUMMARY 2 THE COMMITTEE AGREED THAT THE FOLLOWING ISSUESI CONCERNS SHOULD BE ADDRESSED BY THE MISSION A CAN WE ASSUME THAT THE GOVERNMENT HAS THE CAPACITY TO ENFORCE REAL PROPERTY TAX LAWS FROM A NATIONAL PERSPECTIVE GIVEN THE APPARENT ABSENCE OF AN EFfECTIVE CENTRAL BUREAUCRATIC ORGANIZATION WITH fINANCIAL CONTROL RESPONSIBILITIES AND THE EXISTENCE OF THE VESTED INTEREST AND TRADITIONAL INFLUENCE OF A LARGE-LANDHOLDING CLASS IN THE PHILIPPINES IF NOT TO WHAT EXTENT CAN AND SHOULD A PRIMARY INSPECTIONI MONITORING APPARATUS BE STRUCTURED WITHIN THE PROJECT TO OVERSEE THE EQUITABLE COLLECTION AND EVENTUAL PRO GRAMMING AND EXPENDITURE OF TAX REVENUES ON APPROPRIATE LOCAL DEVELOPMENT ETC PROJECTS AN EVALUATION OF THE PILOT PDAP ACTIVITIES GENERALLY AND OF'THE PROPERTY TAX ASSESSMENT AND COLLECTION PROCEDURES DEVELOPED UNDER PDAP ACTIVITIES IN PARTICULAR WOULD BE HELPFUL IN THIS REGARD B RE PROJECT BENEFICIARIES l COMMITTEE EMPHkSIZED THAT PROJECT MUST BE BENEFICIARY POSITIVE RkTHER THAN BENEFICIARY NEUTRAL AS INDICATED IN THE pP THE COMMItTEE FURTHER QUESTIONED WHETHER IN FACT THE PROJECT MAY PRESENTLY BE BENEfICIARY NEGATIVE IF THE RESIDENTI L AND AGRICULTURAL AREAS TAXED ARE PRIMARILY COMPRISED Of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432090 Date 11113 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064320-90 Date 11 13 2017 1'170 UNCLASSIfIED I _ RENTAL OR TENANT PROPERTIES THEN THE POOR MAY BEAR A DISPROPORTIONATELY HIGH PERCENTAGE OF THE TAX BURDEN IN THE FORM OF HIGHER RENTS THE COST OF TAXES ON COMMERCIAL PROPERTY WOULD PRESUMAB Y AL O BE PASSED ALONG TO CONSUMERS IN THE FORM OF HIGHER PRICES fURTHER IF THE POOR ARE GENERALLY NON-SAVERS THEN PROPERTY TAX CHARGES MAY DIVERT PERSONAL INCOME fROM OTHER NECESSITIES TO TAX PAUiYMENTS THE COMMITTEE BELIEVED THAT MISSION GOP PROJECTIONS OF THE BREAKDOWN OF PROPERTY OWNERSHIP PER VALUE AND INCOME CLASS WOULD BE USEFUl IN ASSESSING THE IMPACT ON THE POOR THE COMMITTEE ALSO SUGGESTED THE MISSION SEE IF UPDATED MATERIAL IS AVAILABLE 'PER TABLE E PP p I 100 2 FURTHER IF PROPOSED PROPERTY TAX RECEIPTS ARE NOT SPECIFICALLY LINKED TO DISBURSEMENTS BUT RATHER FEED INTO GENERAL OPERATING FUNDS ON THE LOCAL LEVEL THEN WHAT INDICATION DO WE HAVE THAT THE POOR WILL BENEFIT FROM PROJECT ACTIVITIES AT A LATER DATE IN PILOT AREAS IS EXPENDITURE DATA AVAILABLE ·TO SHOW WHAT PROPORTION OF TOTAL EXPENDITURES GO TO DEVELOPMENT EFFORTS CAN ESTIMATES BE MADE OF INCREMENT TO DEVE OPMENT EXPENDITURES WHICH MIGHT REASONABLY BE ATTRIBUTED TO RPTA IF NOT HOW CAN MEASURE OF GOAL' ACHIEVEMENT PROPOSED p b BE ACC MPLISHED ' C THE PROJECT PAPER INDICATES THAT THE ANNUAL INCREASED REVENUES PER TAXING UNIT WOULD AVERAGE APPROXIMATELY DOLS 21 250 FOR DISTRICTS AND DOLS 12 450 FOR MUNICIPALITIES SINCE A HIGH PORTION OF THE INCREASED REVENUES ARE AGGREGATED ON A PROVINCIAL LEVEL PP p 20 THE COMMITTEE QUESTIONED WHETHER THE RELATIVELY SMALL INCREMENTS TO LOCAL REVENUE VIS-A-VIS HIGH PROJECT COSTS AND UNCERTAIN BENEfITS TO THE POOR SUFFICIENTLY JUSTIFY PROCEEDING WITH THIS PROJECT D WE SUGGEXgST THAT THE MISSION UPDATE THE PROJECT ECONOMIC ANALYSIS CONTAINED IN ANNEX XII AND PROVIDE NARRATIVE EXPLANATION OF TKE SIGNIFICANCE OF TABLES C D AND E MISSION SHOULD NOTE PER TABLE B THAT ACTIVITY COSTS DO NOT END IN FY 1981 AS INDICATED OPERATING COSTS INCLUDING EQUIPMENT MAINTENANCE SAlARIES AND OTHER COLLECTION COSTS WHICH ARE INCURRED TO MAINTAIN RPTA ACTIVITIES AT THE NEW LEVEL SHOULD BE CONSIDERED AS PROJECT COSTS FOR PURPOSES OF EVALUATING CASH FLOWS IN ECONOMIC ANALYSIS AID W CALCULATTiIONS USING ESTIMATES OF THOSE UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 oc c io 606432090 Date 11i13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case NO F 201'6-0f743- Doc No C06432090 Date 11 13 2017 -- _-'-' --- - _ _ - -- _ -- - ---- - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED _ _- _----- _ - - - I - --- -- '-- -- -- - - - -- - If tOSTS INDICATES A FINANCIAL COST BENEFIT RATI SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER THAN THAT PROVIDED IN THE PP E A RECENT IBRD PUBLICATION PHILIPPINES-RECENT ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENTS AUGUST 1977 INDICATES THAT CURRENT GOP ACTIVITIES HAVE SUCCEEDED IN INCREASING LOCAL PROPERTY TAX REVENUES INCLUDING MANILA AND EBU BY b9%i PER CENT FROM 382 MIL ION PESOS IN' 1975 TO AN ESTIMATED PES S b46 IN 1977 THIS SEEMS TO INDICATE THAT THE PHILIPPINES IS MOVING AHEAD SUCCESSFULLY WITHOUT AID INTERVENTION AND THAT THE RPTA COLLECTION SYSTEM rs APPARENTLV MORE EfFICIENT THAN THE PP ASSERTS THEREFORE THE COMMITTEE QUESTIONED WHETHER AID INVOLVEMENT AT THIS TIME IS AN S NECESSARY ON AS WIDE A SCALE AS PROPOSED f CAN IT BE DETERMINED THAT SUFFICIENT LOCAL CURRENCV GENERATED BV INCREASED PORlaROPERTV TAX AND fUNNELLED THROUGH THE PROVINCES WILL BE AVAILABLE AT THE RIGHT TIMES TO SUPPORT THE EXPENDITURES REQUIRED UNDER THE RURAL SERVICE CENTERS BARANGUAV WATER AND RURAL ROADS II PROJECTS WHAT ALTERNATIVE ARRANGEMENTS CAN BE MADE IF THE RPTA PROJECT IS EITHER NOT APPROVED OR DELAYED IN ADDITION IF PROJECT DOES PROCEED AN INTERIM REPORT PP P 87 INDICATED THE MISSION'S INTENTION TO ASSURE FUNDS FROM RPTA WOULD BE AVAILABLE TO OTHER AID PROJECTS BY OBTAINING SOME KIND OF GOP CO MITMENT WHAT ARE CURRENT PLANS IN THIS REGARD G THE COMMITTEE FURTHER EXPRESSED CONCERN OVER THE SIZE AND OPERATION Of THE SERIES OF GRANT AND LOAN PAYMENTS TO THE LOCAL TAXING UNITS PP pp 17-18 20 WHICH REPRESENT 45 PER CENT OF TOTAL PROJECT COSTS THESE PAYMENTS INCLUDE THE SEED'MONEY GRANT AND TWO POSSIBLE SUBSEQUENT LOANS - THE FIRST LOAN IS LINKED TO SUCCESSFUL TAX MAPP NG RECORDS MANAGEMENT AND COLLECTIONS AND THE SECOND AS AN INDUCEMENT TO ACHIEVE HIGH COLLECTION RATES THE COMMITTEE SPECIfICALLY QUESTIONED il ON WHAT BASIS DID MISSION CALCULATE THE AMOUNTS THESE REIMBURSEMENT AND INCENTIVE PAYMENTS WHICH ARE SEEMINGLY HIGH VIS-A-VIS ANTICIPATED PER-ANNUM INCREMENTS TO LOCAL REVENUE AND WHICH APPARENTLY ARE NOT TIED TO ANY CLEARLY SPECIFIED ACTIVITIES OR USE WHAT SPECIFIC ACTIVITIES WOULD THE MISSION EXPECT THE LOAN AND GRAN FUNDS TO BE USED FOR TeT--WHAT IS THE JUSTIFICATION fOR P OVIDING INCEN- FOR UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432090 Date 11113 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432090 Date 11 13 2017 ------ 1I J f' UNcLASSIfIED 15 - 2 WHAT IS THE JUST IfICATION FOR PROVIDING INCEN TIVE PAYMENTS WHEN THE INCREASED REVENUE -ALONE WOULD 'SEEMINGLY PROVIDE LOCAL TAXING UNITS SUfFICIENT IN_DUCEMENTS TO IMPLEMENT THE RPTA SYSTEM AND ACHIEVE 'HIGHER COLLECTION RATES 3 WHAT IS THE CORRELATION BETWEEN THE AMOUNT OF AID FUNDS FLOWING TO THE LOCAL TAXING UNIT THE EX PENDITURES BY THE UNIT AND THE SIZE OF THE UNIT 4 TO WHAT EXTENT MIGHT THE DIRECT AMOUNT REIMFINANCING OFFSET HOST COUNTRY CONTRIBUTIONS -AND WHAT ARE THE INTERNAL PROJECT CONTROLS TO PREVENT ·POSSIBLE DOUBLE FINANCING Of COSTS EXPECTED TO BE 'COVERED BY THE GOP BURSEMENT S TO WHAT EXTENT WOULD ESTABLISHED AID RULES GOVERNING FINANCING OF GOODS AND SERVICES BE APPLIED E G SOURCE RULES AND AUDITS 3· USAID MAY BE ABLE TO STRENGTHEN BENEFICIARY IMPACT BY PROVIDING A NARRATIVE AND POSSIBLY STATISTICAL SECTION ON A TICIPATED EFFECT OF THIS PROPOSED PROJECT ON REVENUES REALIZED FROM THE SCHOOL TAX 3 4 PER CENT ADD-ON AND THEIR USE FOR DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS IN LOCAL EDUCATION WHICH DIRECTLY BENEFIT THE POOR YY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06432090 Date 11 13 2017 co 641693 8 IED u s Department of State ' Case No F-2016-077 3 Doc No C0641 6938 Date 10 11 2017 ' JULY tSl73 EDITiON GSA fl'PMR Cfl'R SOle11 e - - - • · _ r __ • -' ' SI P Mr Antho·ny La ke TO • • • _ -' 10 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum - OPTIONAL FORI4 NO 10 Director Policy Planning Staff ' RELEASE IN PART 86 DATE February 15 1977 I D 1 FROM DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE in Vietnam SUBJECT I 86 U S Policy towards the IMF IBRD and ADB This memorandum presents a Dissent Channe1 viewp int f myself I lof the Development Coordination Staff Asia Bureau AID I deslre distribution in addition to the Policy Planning Staff to officers in the EA and EB Bureaus of State who deal with its subjec·t matter I intend to arrange for distribution within ASIA and ppe in AID mYself 86 86 MY purpose is to dissent from recent U S policy towards the involvement of· the IMF the IBRD and the ADB in Vietnam and to recommend an alternative for the future This policy has been to oppose such involvement first we voted against the assumption by the newly united Vietnam of the membership formerly held by South Vietnam when the question came before the Executive Boards of all three institutions last September and subsequently we voiced techn i ca 1 objections to a compensatory· fi nand n9 facil i ty amounti ng to 50% of its quota extended to Vietnam by the IMF in January This opposition contrasts incidentally with our acceptance of a similar role by these institutions in laos despite a ·change in government there virtually as complete as that in Vietnam contention is that the above pol icy regardi ng Vietnam was cont rary to the U S interest which a distinct from the question of what the Vietnamese deserve is our sole legitimate concern The U S i·nterest lies instead in the encouragement of meaningful involvement in Vietnam by these institutions For association with them especially the IMF is a matter not just of gaining resources but also of com·ing under significant liberalizing influences economically speaking And insofar as their economy is not bQund to other socialist countries either admin· stratively o·r doctrinally the Vietnal1 e se ·are more likely to be open to constructive economic and political relationships with non socialist countries including to some extent ·the United States My My reasons for saying that the IMF et a1 are a significant liberalizing in- fluence come out of working with their officials· over a number of years on several countries especially in Indochina They are a fo11ows CONFI DENTIAL Buy U S Savings Bonds Regularly on the Payroll Savings Plan UNCLASSIFIED U S Department ot _State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416938 Date 10 11 2017 - - co 641693 8 IED u s Department of State '--- Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416938 Date 10 11 2017 -_ _---_ __ -_-_ _ -----'- ----- - ------- - - - -- --- - _ _ _-- ' crJf1Bftl - ---- ---' -' ' ' - 2 - 1 The IMF has a commitment rather more thorough-going than our own to market-oriented economic policies In connection with the economic difficulties encountered by various member countries it has consistently advocated reliance on market forces rather than administrative controls To be sure the direct application of this orientation in centrally operated economies is limited But it has a socialist counterpart in pragmatism which the IMF authorities have been concerned to detect and encourage in both Laos and Vietnam and which is the touchstone of their assessments of economic prospects n those countries 2 IMF officials in particular Paul Chabrier Chief of the Southeast Asia Division appear to have developed real rapport with the present authorities in Vietnam which they visited last June and again in December This rapport is remarkable in view not only of their market orientation but also of their close association with the previous U S supported governments in Indpchina as well as with ourselves They report that the Vietnamese intend to pursue an independent economy not tied to either camp and that their pragmatism is evidenced by their relative emphasis on agriculture as opposed to heavy industry their promotion of exports including those to non-socialist countries and their receptivity to foreign investment ' Further they have agreed to accept an IMF mi ssfon next Mayor June for an Art icl e XI V consultation which customarily involves extensive disclosure of data and review of economic policies and plans Laos incidentally has declared itself still not prepared for an Article XIV consultation Continued jnvolvement by the IMF et al in Vietnam could be expected to reinforce these tendencies to pragmatism and openness The primary implication' of the arguments put forward here is not for the past but for the future This is that instead of opposing a priori the extension· of further assistance to Vietnam by the IMF the IBRD which currently has an appraisal mission in country or the ADB we keep an open mi nd towards the outcome of the impending Article XIV consultation and similar occasions e would still not be obliged to accept pro forma participation in the consuJtation by the Vietnamese with only 'limited disclosur'e of data as satisfactory If however it goes beyond that and gives evidence of sincerity we should at least tacitly support additiona1 assistance by the above institutions there CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416938 Date 10 11 2017 --- C06416938 IED u s Department of State - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No Date 10 11 2017 - C06416938 _ r otfIOENTIAL - 3 - The objecti ve of our previous massive efforts in Vi etnam mil itary and economic may reasonably be regarded as not particularly to dominate the country politically or to exploit its resources for our own benefit but i·nstead to maintain there a government with which we could have constructive relations Insofar as we are toncerned about Vietnam's relations with its non-communist neighbors and its treatment of its own population and perhaps also its role in the international economic order this objective continues to be relevant Through the involvement of the IMF et al in Vietnam we may still achieve some part of it in that thereby the Vietnamese are in touch with people with whom we are in touch This may fall far short of our orfginial objective but the cost to us would fall even farther short of what we were· previously spending And if ·the question of bilateral assistance which this discussion does not deal with should arise the involvement of the IMF et ale in Vietnam would seem an advant ­ geous means of testing the water cc ASIA DCS Glenn A Lehmann ASIA PT L Michael Hager ppe IA Norman Mosher AA ASIA Michael H B Adler CONFIDENTIAL Subject to GDS of E O 11652 Automatically Downgraded at Two Year Intervals and Declassified on February 15 1983 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No r 2016-07743 Doc No C06416938 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED 'U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431088 Date 11 13 2017 - -- - - S IRELEASE IN FULLI as f r l Cl LXMIT O OFF%C±A USE - ' to 1 ie2081Z BRiDGE 01750 • • 0i o ie g4eZ S p 7e iSo e o ' 4 ••••••••••••••••••••• P 'M MEMIASeY eFUDG 1QWN _ • TO aECSTATE WASHOe rMMEDIAT 142 - 6 at w _ crss NT CHANN IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII EO hiseii NA •• TA GSI A e • 0 •• _ SUBJECT RETA rATIDN FOR erN l1is RErr i THROUGH fH DiRmEN eHAN E CA TEL1 _TH AMi isiDOR PR SENT O IUS aBOUNCS POR HfS HAVING ee UESTEO HV TAo4NSP' 9 •• % CDNSXOEB ' rH S GROUNDO NCCRA CT ANC El % VE H% R QU ST TO e ARG V A RETAL%ATICN 'OA MY HAYING eE N CgMM NDEO sv 'TH O ARTMENT DR THE E P ESS%ON OF O%e NT TQ A CAep A e NT T%ON eV TH ME BAsev fI CIT TH O OW NG COMMUNICA • TtONS TO DOCUM NT BY POSITION • E ffi rz J E-I 00 o I as I'il A BTN ·12 WH%C IS THE BAaSY'S C eU MtS ION UPON WH%C Y D%SS NT_'RO TH MBASSY'S R CCMME PATtONS IS NOT O IN T E COVERING AIRGRAM -'-- - Q ' • 4 If 1 BTN i N AiR RiM I O A T O S Tfi G RfH MY R ASON' OR P SS NT' ROM THE EMBASSY'S CASP R COMM NDATtONS ' C T T R O' COHM NDATION O JU Y i FROM ARA CAR DIRECTOR H AVNER TO M IN WHICH H COMMENDS M FOR AV%NG COM UN%CATEO YvO%aS NT TO WASH NGTON AND %N ORM M T AT TH poarTlONS LIMIT D OF'%C%A US • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N9 C06431088 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431088 Date 11 13 2017 '-1 - • II • 1 1MITED OI'F%C%AL USE - PAGE 02 i HAO TiK N tN WASH NGTON SiSS NT' WERE AooptED BY Q aTN f i2 iN wAi H f E A a 88A D i t MPts 'ib PRPHXerl' rHE AeOV DESCRI ED LETTER CE _ CQMM ND6t%ON FROM eEINa p ACEQ IN MV ERFPRMANC EX ATT MPTS IN F FECT rO PUNGE IT THE RECO O BV ADVERSE COMM NT ' PRO 1 r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431088 Date 11 13 2017 Department of State 'To INFO FROM AHENBASSY ROlIfE E O 11652 TAGS SUBJECT P -r N A PINT IT ITALY June REF DEPT DIS leUTION ORICIN ACTlON· In P- t f ED cu AR4 F E V r EA INR 10 r 1bJ yh S meS'sac e transmits a qissenting vie v submitted I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ USIS o J L NEA PER PM R EP SCI 5 $ Sy AIiR 0 R --s it 000 OOT t FRB HEW tNT LAS' NAVY N NSC OPIC TR TAR TRSY 3 SUHHARYo OUrrLIHE OF' T I E PRESENT DIL HHA PCI INFLUEtWE AND THE CHAHCES OF KEEPING THEH ·HONEST II 'llHE IHfORT ANCE OF IHP VIN·J TH LEVEL OF DI ALOGUE HITH PROGRESSIVE r r FHE'NTS OF T il DC IRELEASE AND DEEOCRATIC LEFT A PLEA FOR A LOlIG-RANGE JlN PART B6 APPROACH TO LON G'· RANGE PROBLEHS P ND LESS EHPHASI ' ON SHORT -TERH PAYOFFS c 'R - COM 1 0 XMS 'UIiG£5TEO Ol5TRIBU TION 86 A Dilemma of rg i Prpportiops Italy's perennial crisis can be explained most simply by the failure of the society to develop modern institutions'to deal with a wide range of complex modern problems The blame for this failure cannot be laid entirely on the Christi Democrats the' Americans the C mmunists or on any other handy hipping boy but none tolho haye been involved are entirely blamelessa The vital element for US policYJ however is not in avoiding blame for past errors or taking credit for past C I1flfl'fiRWf I AI 1 f _ _ _ _ _ _ '_ '_ '__1 · V lr _ 1___________ IO_R_4_F_TI_N_G_O- T-£ ·I_P_Ho_ N_e_N_ 'I C I CLASSI FICA'tION ' l _ _ _I _N_A_P_P_RO_V_E_O_B_Y_' i 86 ____________ __ CLEARANCES '- - ---' t·J - - - - ° 0- - - _ - - - - -- -- - - - - _ - • • _ - - _• • • _ _ - - •• - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - • be - - - - - - - • • • - ------- ---- ------ J _ ' ' 'I ' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 ooc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 JI - ------ - -- - -- - - - - - - - ---- -­ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 0 • • t'agtl c Rome 'A- 2 1 •• r • • successes and thara have been ple-nty of both J but in working out a sophisticat0d d purposeful policy to protect our endangered and very im' ortnnt interests here The basic premise of this paper is that the policies on Hoich ·re have ralied up to nOH hOHaver well tl1ey may have served us in the early post-Hal' period are no longe r adequate to meet the c 1anged situation of 1 76 and beyond 2 US Polic y- Later II The problem is compounded by the fact that the Communists are strong enough to block any political or economic initiatives they do not favor and can similarly bring other initiatives to fruition by offering their cooperation Thus they Hill be an inte-r part of the national decision-makin oc ss or oreseeable r rue even i ey 0 government o 3 rests and pcr QCha11enfSe These will be best served by a policy vrhich enc-ourages the Communists to reIT in within the democr' olk and d scoura es t' and the mpO$e June • I Second the PCI 'is nothing if not prudent The Party is also concerned about ua hostility It w uld not be difficult to mak ver s ace or rom them in the national arena an what means we rt fht be 1 1 re pare to use o discourage them rFom SeF ylilg l'rore t t behavior C • e01WIDJ 1 IAL ' _ _ _ 0 F _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • I _ __ _ _ _'0 _ • _ '- -' --'- _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 --------------------------------------------------------------------------------UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 Page 3 I Rome A- 2 ' 1 ' Having come so far tOli-Iard ·its Ultimate 50ai of achi'evinB national pOHer the PCI 1ould most certainly- be u ' 1Hilling to risk these sains in a confrontation Hith the United States and its fornidable economic and political influence In this sense t it is ironic that the United States might 'have more influence in such a situation on the reI than it has had recently on the Christian Democrats Hho have iGnored our ex 1-J ortations to revitalize and have used our sup ort pri l1cipally to hole onto the reins of poi-ier and tfilere possible enrich themsel ves The carrot ond stick a T-proach to the PCI outlined here Hould hold out to the Communists the establishinG of res lar contacts and the tacit agreement not to take actions I -ihieh might be detrimental to Italy especially in the economic and security spheres as long as PCI behavior remained Hithin certain acceptable limits 0 US These sugBestions Vlhieh fould i J volve a basi'e change in p licy are based on the premise that there is no way the PCI can presently be excluded from the national decision-making process even if they do not formally enter the government 4 The Other Parties --- ----- ' - ' - -- The Christian Democrats despite their t1retched' perforrlance in recent years and their uncertain fut e · still remain the political party Hith by far the strongest potertial base of s'up f ort T re should therefore not abandon our attempts to assist the party to modernize and reform itself but shotud make these attempts more credible and tangible E ortations have been fruitless and cosmetic approaches which assume that the DC Hould do better if only it had better public relations are short-sishted inabilit lee er engage the e w goes much beyond exaltin Ub _ D CV I 5 As ror renewal we might vJell ponder the unpleasant prospect that the quickest and most likely t ay 1'or the DC to renel-T itself' Hould be for it to have the experience of being out of pO o1er for a fei-l years HOl-lever such an eventuality Hould hardly be in our interests nor is it very likely · eiven the strength of the Christian Democrats and the strone·probability that they will be in a position to demand a central role in any coalition likely to emerge from the forthcoming elections o Fu er' a 60vernmenJL coa tiein without the DC VTould carr rave risks but it is erb p 00 m still controls many of the mainsprings of povier 8$ - • _ _ _- - - - __ __ ___ IfIMI M _I U' m- o - --- _----- _ -- - - '-- -r ' _ - - - - _ - -- - - - • - - 7 11 - '-- '- - - _ • riIIr - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 r - a tl i - UNCLASSIFIED Doc No C06431374 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Date 11 13 2017 difficult Regarding the' ot her dernocr tic part es it' should not be u to establish more meaningful ccnta cts especially th - 1 vii the democr tic left thffi1 our nalf-hearted and-disorganized efforts up to noVT have permitted This is true even though the quixotic 30cialil ts PSI continue to be shrill and disappoi nting and the elitist but impressive ·Republica s PHI seem incapable of developing a maSs buse The nearly moribund Liberals PLI and ·the scandal-tainted Social Democrats SDl should also be watched for signs of resurgence but the short-term expectatigu is t h a t t h e ii l ' ' b e m i ti' st Itali olitics solel- te n co itions near y equai strength hm'lever the role of the smaller parties cannot be iGnored even though their ovm philosophies and programs are largely overshadorled o Approaches to these parties 'lhich emphasize short-term payoffs and Ilaotion prograrns ll to bring about immediate developments favorable to American interests and Hhich ignore the obstacles to achieving such results can be expected to have little impacto The ers to Americ i n t e r ' ored far too '- The biggest danger posed by PCl participation in government is not in its acquiring one or two domestic ministries but in Heakening'Italy's co itment to' the Atlantic alliance and in under- mining the system of vol tary mutual consultation and cooperation which has developed over the years It should not be difficult to safeguard any NATO secrets or plans in the event that Communists enter the ltalian government but the real question of Italy's basic orientation in such a situation is more seriouso HOHever if one accepts the assertion that the PCI is already a part of the political social and economic decision-making process in Italy then it follows that the best way to deal with that party is to exert every effort to insure that it operates within the democratic framework and does nothing to neutralize Italyo Neither such an BPPPQ9Cb J nor U19 estahl j §lllment mepphil@£ coiitacts with the PCI need signify either US a f' ultimate t a o ' m '1l0 1 rantin of e • owever as outlined above the innate c u on of the PCI its fear of knerican hostiiliity and its unwillingness to risk he gains it has so laboriously constructed C ' eOMF IDEN If IAL --_ --- - - - '_ oft UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 • ---------------------------- U CLASSIFIEb -u s I t • Department of State Case No F-2016-0774'3- Doc No -C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 ' UH t i J • • c offer substantial opportunities for a constructive American influence on PCI behavioro 6 PONCLUSIONo The general assertions offered above can hardly do justice to the complexities of -Italy in June 1976 0 3ut if these opinions have any validity the follo ' fing conclusions might be pertinent a a continuat on of the present situation is not in American interests even i f the PCI does not enter the government o This is because the DC is growing -reaker and S Ol S no signs of reinvigoration and the PCI is groHing stroniel o It will most certainly be part of any governing formula even if it does not for mallx enter the governmento The trend of rising PCI strength is not irrev rsible Rut the conditions for reversing it have not emerged Heam'Jhile italian economic · political and social life is deteriorating slot rly while' the tHO mass parties struggle for supremacy t-lith clear-cut ictory for either an unlikely prospect b d The US should recognize that Cow unist influence in Italy ho -1ever undesirable from our standpoint is well-established at' all levels of society It will not diminish merely because the US withholds its blessings o On the other hand lack of US approval is still an import'ant brake on the PCI making further • dramatic or sudden gains 'lith such a situation American pQ lic r 'hould v' d doing anything tKa£ ''louTa milke Ie eilifI6F for the PCI the 0 er _ w e Part The purBose of' these contacts rt ich would have to be ru en and skillfull ei CibUla be • 11 0 rt I W O ul d co e PCI ac i pI' era I C £1 e e ma Additional purposes of expanded PCI contacts would be to encourage £urther 'autonomy from the USSR to learn more of the party's internal processes and decision-making and to try to correct its woeful ignoran e of the complexities of the United States This will not be easy but certain PCI vulnerabilities ties to JvIoscow policy cOl' tradictions etc offer opportunities oSNFIDbll'i' IAL ---- - _ -_ - - - - - II -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 e UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 i t 'J u RONE A- 2r l £or exploltationo It is also conceivable that if ·the PCI continues to gain Berlinguer's communism mi5ht someday be preferable to thRt of someone more traditional and dogmatic o To those who contend that the mere establishment of more contaco t wi th the pcr woul d be enough to bring them to pm'ler one can only point out that rigid American opposition haB neither prevented the PCI from achieving stead-y grOi'lth nor respectability in the eyes of the majority of the Italian electorateo Eff f d' the other t wou power ' £0 Our long-range approach to Italy should be to help it through this complicated stage of the modernization process as painlessly as possible D out we need more serious study and analysiS in order to do this intelligentlyo Finally there ·is no denying that American interests in Italy are in dangel' But there is not yet cause for'alarm or justification for over-reaction I wV-i not yet l ljl st ll __ Llik i2 Gl iina it not ours to beDis ilf' 'md f'g lie 'r b __ _Q ___ --Xl--ik $Iii i__ __ _ _ sJWi 81 prohl Rms grew IrlQre mpJ ex 108e1- 9 ana V 8j w sal giftii - inherent in any change of policy or approach CONFIDE1'f IAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431374 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446264 Date 12 11 2017 -_ - - - - - '1 ------- - RELEASE IN PART _ 86 - - - - -- -- ' ACII • Lli'1ITED OF F IIC'ClijAUL g fj • S P BMHARRis SMH ExiJ_22 2t I oS P AL AKE· fICE I' • • 1·4 ' 1 3 Ll txT -- _-- •- HAII E • - -- - - s P OfPDSKINNEY • - S p I1ASPIEGEl 'ol r 6 - - ------- '- - _ _-- ---' sip t'ONLYu 7 CLEARANCES 8 0 '1 S' - -_ - d • ___ • J a -z _ ROUTINE ' NSHASA -_ I INFO raECEDENCE • SPECiAL HANDLING Eo O ir fO rx -- - - - d -- r_ - 'nION _ _ 4t ' __ -- -_ ItDD f ES • · · -' l'r ' f ·' •• w I' 11652 N A Jr •• - IB • THIS • HJ A t o I1AS t GIIZ f • 3 TI - to c 1t C'4 r 2 0 a 'It 0 ' INITIALS 1 Y 1 ' ' MAS - 3 - s 1l 7 '-- 8 - '-- l fCf 1 31 RE p TEL tCl Q I o V t - · 'DS 4 l 6 Iic ' A WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE RECOMMENDATION fOR U S POLICY TOLJARDS ZAIRE DATED JUNE 2 ' IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFfICES Of THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY INO mHIERHAIRMAN OECIB AB'ERORORaaITIEAtiEIEfASRSHE UNDER SECRETARY fOK POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE 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ISO-00 825111 004 R RELEASE IN PART 86 S P RJNEITZKE 8MH BY'S P ALAKE ·S P-OF GFOX S P RFt INSERG ARA NBOUTON HA HR CBSALMON JR DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P 'ONL Y - ------------------·1 280 271413Z 45 R 261742Z SEP i8 PM SEeSTATE WASHOC TO AMEM8ASSY SANTO DOMINGO LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 244561 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS N ft FOR 1-1_ _ _ _ _---'1 FROM S P-I AKE SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON 'NICARAGUA REF 1 SANTO DOMINGO 5252 FIRST I WISH TO COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE D ISSENT ' CHANNEL rN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PROCEDURES OUR MESSAGE HAS SEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS iHE e XECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORU THE AssrSTANT SECRETARY OF THE 8 REAU OF INTERAMERICAN AFFAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRE ARY OF THE BUREAU OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS AND E ADMINISTRATOR OF THE AGE CY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT I CAN ASSURE YOU THAT YOUR VIEWS WILL 8E GIVEN PROPER CONSIDERATION IN OUR CONTINUING EFFORTS TO DEAL WITH THE CO PLEX AND FAST CHANGING SITUATION IN NICARAGUA CHRISTOPHER - - - - - - - - - - - Ow' - LIMITED OFFICIAL ---------- -- ·ust UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432104 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED- D ' Department of Sfate- Case-No F 2oT6-07743' Doc No C0643210'6-0ate ' '11i13 2017 • ' PAG ' ACT ' P-02 IN 0 o OCT- ANTO 0s f52 150-00 21171iZ 550-00 v lUJ4 8416 ---------- ------- 78959 SEP 78 FM AMEMBASSY SANTO DOMINGO TO SECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 613S 2117 0Z RELEASE IN PART W 211723Z 44 86 L -_ _ _- ' UNCLAS SANTO DOMINGO 5252 DIsseNT CHANNEl FOR ASSISTANT SECRETARY VAKY FROMIL-_ _ _ _ _ _-- JI AID OR DO NOT RESTRICT DISTRIBUTION EO 11652 NA SUB NICARAGUA 1 I HEREBY WISH TO REGISTER MY OEEP DISAPpchNTMENT WITH APPARENTLY INEPT HANDLING OF US POLICY TOWARDS EVIDENTLY NATIONWIDE ATTEMTS BY NICARAGUANS OF ALL POLITICAL' PERSUASIONS Td DISLODGE UNPOPULAR EXPLOITATIVE AND REPRESSIVE DICTATOR DESPITE MY IGNORANCE OF WHATEVER BEHIND SCENES AND OR DEEPLY ClASSIF IED U S ACTIONS MAY HAVE BEEN TAKING PLACE IN 'FAVOR OF INSURGENTS OUR FAILURE IS EVIDENT THROUGH PUBLICLY KNOWN SITUATION INDICATING GUARDIA IS GETTING CONTROL OF COUNTRY AFTER PERIOD OF FRVITLESS 8LOOOSHEO AND DESTRUCTIO I CONSI ER HYPOCRITICAL US AND OTHER GOVTS PIOUS CAL S FOR UOTE TRUCE UNOUOTE ANO OUOTE END TO BLOODSHEO UNQUOTE IF SOMOZA INDEED REMAINS IN POWER AND MOREOVER IS ABLE TO WREAK VENGEANCE ON INSURGENTS THEN I CONSIDER PRESIDENT'S HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY A HOLLOW MOCKERY I BELIeVe THAT NICARAGUAN SITUATION REPRESENTED AND PERHAPS STILL REPRESENTS UNI UE OPPORTUNITY r-OR US TO INTERVENE FOR ONCE ON THE RIGHT REPEAT RIGHT SIDE WHILE RECOGNIZING INTENTIONAL PROPAGANDA EXAGGERATIONS I FEEL DEEPLY SHAMED ey OPPORTUNITY FOR MOSCOW AND HAVANA AOIO EXPLDITATION OF WHAT TC MANY LATIN AMERICANS ANO OTHER THIRD WORLDERS CAN ONLY APPEAR AS CONTINVED TACIT US SUPPORT FOR SOMOZA AND I WOULD HOPE THE AMERICAN GOVERNMENT IN THE NAME OF AMERICAN PEOPLE RECOGNIZES AND PAYS THE APPROPRIATE TRIBUTE TO THOSE COURAGEOUS NICARAGUANS WHO HAVE SACRIFtCED AND CONTINUE TO SACRIFICE THEMSELVES ON THE ALTAR OF FREEDOM YOST UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0Z743 Doc No C06432106 Date 11 13 2017 86 co 6415441 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WuhloEtan D C 20S20 August 5 1977 Dear Mr Robinson This letter is in respons to your dissent channel message of April 11 ang your follow-up analysis of May 10 regarding the dedi sion to abolish the Sector Analysis Division in AID's Latin America Bureau In reviewing the' history and rationale of sector' analysis programs it is' 'clear that improved sector analysis is important to progress in meeting Basic Human Needs ll objectives and' that the experi- ences 'of the past· years in the' conduct of sectoral analyses have 't ught us a great deal about appropriate metho ologie 'and managerial strategies for obtaining the maximum policy rel'evance from the work once it is completed The crucial questions are how much time and money should be spent to produce what kinds of output and how best to organize to get the kinds of output desired On both 'of these 'questions ·there is broad g eement on many of the points' you raise AID's Latin America Bureau and AID in general are allocating the bulk of available funds mainly to lIPurpose ell as you define it relatively quick policy-relevant sector examinations or IIsector assessments Aside from a few projects such as those in Bolivia the Dominican Republic and El Salvador which were initiated in the former LA Sector Analysis Division there are no activities in the Purpose B category broader and 'more 'comprehensive sector analyses performed by AID and aimed at determining optimum' policy or Purpose A category same scope as Pu pose B but involvi lg host coun ry 'institutions with 'the objective of 'internalizing the process AID recognizes however that many of the assessments of the' past -- highly qualitative as opposed to quantitative -- are not sufficient AID has also made a clear decision to decentralize th sector' analysis function B6 Agency for International Development Washi lgton D C 20520 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 co 641544 rlED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 ·-2-·· • in keeping with Administrator Gilligan's announced intent of avoiding an overly large bureaucratic concentration in Washington I understand there is also awareness however that missions need some important backstopping support in sector analysis from Washington Will decentralization as it is being envisioned effectively undermine the prospects for useful sector analysis This is as you suggest a real danger Current studies underway in Bolivia and the Dominican Republic however suggest that AID field missions working with local counterparts can produce useful and timely results while building host country skills in the process The Dominican Republic example is doubly interesting 'from ·the point of view of your comments on how to pay for sector analysis since it was begun under the centralized funding approach but has not been transferred to the Mission and the second stage will be carried out as a Mission funded activity At 'the same time it must be recognized as you do that the LA Sector Analysis Division initiated these two projects and they continue to draw on AID analysts and Census Bureau consultants who acquired considerable experience in the Division This illustrates the neeg for back-up from Washington that you emphasize AID officials are aware of this need State 071531 enclosed for example contains an ambitious plan and budget for improving and updating agricultural sector assessments which in some cases involve ulti-year basic efforts that would appear to corne close to Purpose B or Purpose A type se'ctor ·analY_' i is ' 'Nonetheless I the issues you have raised continue to be important The need for sector analysis assistance and the associated need for h'ashington backstopping applies to every region and thus to AID as a whole These issues seem especially pe£tinent in view of current efforts to develop a new US development assistance strategy I believe that you 'us of the dissent UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 co 6415441 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 -3- channel has increased the awareness of these issues by AID officials · I thank you for your letter and encourage you to continue to bring your experience and your ideas to bear in raising these issues through no al channels in AID Sincerely 'Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure State 071531 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201 -07743 Doc No C06415441 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431107 Date 11 13 2017 IRELEASE IN FULLI ' DEPARTM'ENT OF STATE W shin tDn D C ·f·llE ··COpy 0520 l o'VVif DISSENT· CHANNE·L··· 'February 24 1977 TO INR RAF - 86 1 ------------------ Dear I'--___-- ---JI I refer to your letter of February' 23 suggesting certain changes in the nature of the Dissent Channel which'would result in siP circulating your intelligence analysis as a document in this ch nnel ' As you may know the Dissent Channel is available to all employees of State AID USIA and ACDA In cooperation 'lith the Chairman of the Open Fqrum we· recently reviewed the role of the Dissent Channel in the context of other channels which exist to encourage in house dia ogue arid creativity As a result of this review we confirmed that the subject matter of this unique channel should be limited to substantive policy dissents ' There is enclosed a C9PY of the Department Notice dated January 19 1977 which was circulated following thi l reVie ·l -- Given the diff erences of vie over the proper role of the' Dissent Channel I doubt you will be satisfied with this reply I accept that your views on this matter are strong and sincere Those of us with the responsibility fot trying to make the Dissent Channel an effective tool in the policy formation and review process are equally'strong and-sincere in our belief we are right Under the circumstances there does not appear to be much point in continued correspondence on the subject On my part ' I am prepared to acknowledge that we have II agreed to dis agree II are of As I mentioned in my letter February 18 we to pr cess in the normal way any ullY'ptepared DISSoENT CHANNEL • C - w -- '• l ''''' ' ' ' - ' -''' '' ' ''-- ''''' - ' 'j ''7 ''' T __ -- ' 'ii 7Y - P - -7- ' · - - - -ty_- 'Io- 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431107 Date 11113 2017 _ __ _ - ----------------------- ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431107 Date 11 13 2017 • ' DI'SSENT' '£HANNEL ' - 2 - new paper you may 1ish to prepare expressing specific differences' with US policy on the subject of your paper and o cffe ing alternative ppr0aches • ' With best wishes Sincerely · N-e u- t J 7JAL Nicholas A 'Veliotes Deputy Director Policy Planning Staff r Enclosure As stated DTSSENT C·HANN·EL· n ' _ I F ' ' ' -_ - - - ' _ - •• • ''' r--- - • • - I --' __ '7 ' - - -- • ----- - - •• - - - - - - - - -- - ---- - •• - - -7- -- - -- ·- - - _ b ' - · - 'h UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431107 Date 11 13 2017 ------------------------------ - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431704 Date 12 11 2017 ' IRELEASE IN FULL eONPlfl U'fIiDa ' la1EZ· ORANDUl I FOR DR ZBIGNIEW' BRZEZINSYJ THE l'lHITE HOUSE Subject ' Reply to Prime Minister Callaghan n the ILO I 1 I Attached is a suggested reply from the President to the July 8 letter of Prime Hinister· ' Callaghan on the subject of u s intentions regareing our future me ership in t e International Labor Organization Peter Tarnoff Executive' Secretary ' ' ' Attach l mts 1 Draft reply 2 Letter from Prime Minister Callaghan 'IO GADa 1 ley f 'r9S'f 7 15 77 x-20520 I llL J IO Ui-i5 Concurrence CONFIB£li'flAtJ GDS SIlL - iJ2 te v cP ' V ha 1 ·1 R- r lr Good J_Ht1 l ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431704 Da e 12 11 2017 -_ _ ------ ------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta e ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431704 Date 12 11 2017 CONFIBElU' I 'I1' L -2I wish to Use this same memo to dissent from the recent telegrams Tab C which also refer to our appreciation of support from the West I recommended changes in the telegrams to reflect the points made in the preceding paragraphs I but was unsuccessful and I therefore declined to provide IO LAB clearance I believe the telegrams not only do not state ullY and accurately the-degree of supportoFeceived from IMEC but also that thes telegrams w ll undercut our efforts to get real solid support in the future • ' l ttachments Asostated o· IO LAB APalmer of '- p cc IO GADalley IO JBaker UNP oGHelman 0 CONFI m1N'i'IAL JI o-'--'-·ONCIASSlFlEti u s Department of State Case N_o oF-20 16-07743 Doc Noo C06431704 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432107 Date 11 13 2017 ---- - ------------ ---- - ---- --- -- -- c-·r· ··- J - -- - - - - J C 1 V RELEASE IN PART DEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 washington D C 20520 --- - MORANDUM TO PPC PDA SPA L-- FROM SIP SUBJECT Dissent Paper _ _ _ _ _---' - An tho y LG k 11 This will acknowledge the recejpt o f your dissent papt r containing two proposals concerning the Sector analysis Division of A I D Theodore Horan of th Policy Planning Sta ff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance liith the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the Offi88s of the 'Secretary th Executive Se9retary he Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairman of the Open Forum as well as the DirelJtor of A I D l'1e cormnend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted Clearances t sip - Rliarrington draft sIp - NBoyer draft 5 - TMoran UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432107 Date 11 13 2017 B6 ---_ --- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432130' __ _ __ ____ ___ ___ -____ _ _ _ - _ -___ _ _ _ _ __________ Date 11 13 2C 17 _______ _ _ _ _ ___ - ___ 0 _ __ _ RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPAr-nMEI'- T OF STA fE N hlrl t n D C 2 520 A gust 5 1977 HEHORANDUH To siP - Mr Lake Through siP - Mary From SIP - Theodore 11 Moran Subject Ann Cas8Y '--_______--- ll's t 86 Dissent l'1essage Here is the response to 1 1 -_______--11' s dissent message There is a genuine interest in IIsector analysis in AID but there is a feeling in some quarters that Robinson r s interpretation of 11ml 'it should be done is too time-consuming expensive and non-policy relevant '1 have told him that I will try to get him in touch with people who are sympathetic to his ideas and if the problem is merely him they can tell him In any case the points he raises are being reconsidered in AID and the whole debate should nOvl be taken out of the dissent channel Attachment Clearances AID - Mr Eriksson Tl -J'1 ARA - Ms Peters UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432130 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064321 1 Date 11 13 2017 --- --- - ----------- - -- RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON D C 20523 MEMORANDUM To Theodore Noran Policy Planning Staff From IW' h PPC PDA SPA Sl Ibject p L Attached Cable and Support II Attached for your B6 - L A S ctor Analysis Activities informa on is the subject cable and I assume that at the appropriate mo ent I will be given the opportunity to communicate my views concerning vlhat I perceive to be errors oversights and inconsistencies in the statement of IIrationale mode of implementation and other parts of the cable particularly with respect to their bearing on the immediate and long-range issues of my April 11 1977 Dissent Channel memorandum 'my Apri 1 21 memo to r ary Ann Casey cc Mary Ann Casey UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432141 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980105 Date 09 12 2017 RELEASE IN PART 861 lMITED OF XCIA Sr-ATE USE 231i %MITED OFFICXA U E DUSJ j T CHANNt 1 E' 0' Ueitl21N A 'TAG eIOGEN STATe 2 '1 b il t6 eli tRM5 i5R T ' 8The 206e1 l _0 U IO R THE OEP ARTMENT HAS COMP ET O ITS R V1EW OF YOUR oleS NT MESSAGE TO T E DZRiCTOR O SIP CONCERNING CONGRES · aXONAL ·VlsnS OWXNG 'TO TH ' S RXOUSNEes' OF THe lSSUe S YOU RAISED VOUR RECOMMENDATXONS WERE aV%EWEO 'PERSONA Y CHANNe elf 'THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRI TARY Jl'DR MANAIIEMENT ' AND' ·BY' 'K EY O'FICERS IN 'THE eURe AU' o r CONGRESS'ONA R L ATXONS THe DF %CE o · T e LEGA ADy S AN THE PC %9r' P ANN NG STAFF 2 ARE CURR NT INSTRUCTioNS FOR HANQ XNG CONGRESS%ONAL VISITS 8 T FORTH IN OEP RTMENT CIRCU AR Ail0 la a QCTOSE ' 6 S97i THE CONTENTS OF TkfS AXRG AM 'HAVe ReCEitJTL Y SEEN EVI WED AND UPDA T O AND' A E T sa p epSH O SHORT Y' AS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980105 Date 09 12 2017 86 i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980105 Date 09 12 2017 i r Q PA E-t A NEW SECT CN O T E QR N EFAXR8 MANUAL Z s 1 p Q e T ii T a Ri § vS R e M a RATlON TKAT t i oAS Y RSONNe t CONstOER UNI THtCAl ' OR 'tMF ROP F THEY TO HQNQR 'THE8E REQUESTS i O Z T i rUTURf' SOME OF 'THESE' oec x S%ONS XL I NOT SE 'EAS V• HD EV R T ReFER THESE D8ctS%ON TO WASH%NGTON IS NOT'ONLY 'XMPRACTICAI aUT olNINrsH s' TH ReSPONSiSXL fTY WH cH THE O PARniENT EXPECTS OFFICfRS TO Xr RCUE' Xt 'THE EVENT OFFICERS HAV D006TS' WHETHeR OR NOT TO CDMP V WnH T 'IESE REQUESTSl TH Y SHOULD CONSULT WITH THE1R supaRvxaOR OR il1E PRIN lPA OFFICER AT posT' ' ' EED NOT OFPXCE S HAV t 0 E-I Z PI 1 s e F SAXO VERY MUCH COMPEL EO i O' IN 'TRI APPR CXAT PASTI NO' OOUElT THEY 1 1 QAV YOUR UGGE6TtONS FO TXGHTENXNG VleITs 'THe WAS CREATED FOR THE PURPOSE OF EL tCXTtNG THe PRoceDURES OR - HANDI INii CONliRc aSXONAI I8eENT CHANN L tll i a ± lv S % I ER I G i g E 5N CI' ANNEI TO SlUNG YOUR' CONC RNS TO THE OEPARTMENT' a ATTENTION Q KONOR ANY REQUEST'WHICH THEY KNOW VIOL AT ES u s %1' pons' ARE 'IN DoueT l 8' TO TH eGAl lTV OF A RfQUESTEC ACTIONi THEY 8HUULD REFER 'THE'MATTER 'TO 'THa DEPARnlt NT 'P'OR ADv ce TMi D PARTMiNT' WIl L A 6PONC AS PROMPTLY AS POaaxaL e To THiSt UEfne 8' - aic h8b IH6 8RS i i x SJ I D§ i gEi it UUE MADE BY CONGReSSMEN OR MEMbERS 0' CON4RE56XONAt OE EGATIONS 'THE 1 %SSIONS Oft 1 0CAl L AWS ·f' t ie 00 OV R QUESTIONS THAT ARISE AT POST 'TH DEPARTM NT %8 EAGER TO FAC%L %TATE CONGRESSIONAl vxaXTS ONDER NO' CIRCUMSTANCES SHOUL P ' QfUUIiN SERVXCE OFF-XCERS - OR oavxOus y L EIiAto tTY OR XL I EGALXTY· OF CA RnNi aUT A' CONG EEHnONAl REGlue ST ARE 01' XNTERE ST TO' 'THE' Oe PARTMENT ' EVEN THOUGH riI B2 0 I LIMXrao OF %CtA USE TA1E l u 1· l XNG R O lM TED O F%CXA USE ffi ES Q'J 0 5a 0 ''''' -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980105 Date 09 12 2017 I co 64154 0 5 IE u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415405 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 A-AA ASIA MH8ADLER S P CFARRAR EAG 1 30 78 X28572i23029 SIP ALAKE S P OPEN fORUM DSKINNEY SIP ON Y ROUTINE MANILA j DISSENT CHANNEL E O '11b52 N A TAGS N A AL iV' Mri Cf¥ DSK It SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REf MANILA 17279 fOR L_ _ _ _ _ _ _IFROM SIP - 86 LAKE 1 THE IS'SUES' IN YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE· MI-RROR CONCERNS AID iTSELF HAS'ABOUT EXTENSIVE LAYERING AND PROTRACTED WAITING PERIODS AS A RESULT OF_ THOSE CONCERNS AI I IS TAKING STEPS TO ELIMINA TE- LENGTHY DELAYS AND STREAMLINE THE 'PROCEDURES fOR PROjECT REVIEW AND APPROVAL' ·1 2 THE ASIA BUREAU IS REVISING REVIEW AND APPROVAL'PROCEDURES WITH THE· INTENTION OF ASSURING ACTI N ON PROJECT IDENTIfICATION DOCUMENTS PID'S WITHIN 15 ORKING DAYS AND ON PROJECT PAPERS PP'S WITHIN 20 WORKING DAYS 3 J lNDER THESE REVISED PROCEDURES PR O JECr COMMITTEE MEET-' ' INGS WILL BE HELD WITHIN 10 DAYS OF THE Rt CEIPT OF THE PROJECT DOCUMENT IF PROJECT COMMITTEE f I NDS DOCUMENT NOT ACCEPTABLE FOR ASIA PROJECT APPROVAL CotlMllTEE APAO REVIEW THE COMMITTEE WILL CONSULT DIRECTLY IiJITH AA ASIA L ------- -------- ---- _ - ' ' - - _ UNCLAssiFIED U S Department of tate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415405 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641540 5 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415405 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 102 ' ' TO DETERMINE APPROPRIATE ACTION TO BE TAKEN WHERE PROJECT DOCUMENTS ARE FOUND SATISFACTORY FOR APAC REVIEW PROJECT COMMITTEE WILL PRODUCE ISSUES PAPERS AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR APAC MEETING WHICH IS TO BE CONVENED NOT· LATER THAN SEVEN DAYS FOLLOWING PROJECT COMMJTTEE MEETING IN THE CASE Of A PP AND 15 DAYS IN THE CASE OF A PID -' 4 THE APAC MEETINGS HAVE BEEN STREAMLINED APAC DELIBERATIONS ARE LIMITED TO SUBStANTIVE POLICY AND PROGRAMMATIC ISSUES REVISED APAC PROCEDURES PROVIDE FOR THE CLEARANCE IN SUBSTANCE BY ALL MEMBERS Of THE APAC FINDINGS AND DECISIONS PRIOR TO THE CLOSE OF THE MEETING ASIA PD DRAFTS THE CABLES COMMUNICATING THE APAC FINDINGS AND DtCISIONS WHICH WE NOW DISPATCH TO THE fIELD WITHIN 3 WORKING DAYS FOLLOWING THE MEETING THE ONLY CABLE CLEARANCES REQUIRED ARE THE AID COUNTRY DES OFFICER'S AND PPC'S IF APPROPRIATE S ASIA PD INTENDS TO ASSURE THAT ACTION IS TAKEN WITHIN THE TIME fRAMES NaTCD STATED ABOVE AND THAT ALL RELATED ACTIONS NECESSARY FOR THE AUTHORIZATION OF A PROJECT E G CONGRESSIONAL NOTIFICATION DLSC REVIEW OF LOAN PROPOSALS ARE APPROPRIATELY SCHEDULED AND ClRRIED OUTi I I b ALTHOUGH THESE PROPOSED REVISIONS CANNOTICURE ALL ILLS THEY CAN HELP GENERATE TIMELY DECISIONS ELIMINATE LENGTHY SIGN-OFF PROCEDURES AND AVOID TENDENCIES TO FORMULATE QUESTIONS D INfINITUM I 7 AS YOU MAY KNOW THE ADMINISTRATOR ESTABLISHED A TASK fORCE TO EXAMINE AND MAKE RECOMMENDATIONS ON AID PROGRAM PROCEDURES AT THE END OF AUGUST AMONG THE SUBJECTS OF THE TASK FORCE REPORT WHICH IS ALMOST READY FOR SUBMISSION TO THE ADMINISTRATOR ARE THE SETTING OF AID LEVELS EACH YEAR CURRENT PROJECT DO tUMENTS AND PROCEDURES AND T E POSSIBILITIES OF DELEGATING ADDITIONAL AUTHORITY AND RESPONSIBILITY TO THE FIELD 8 IT IS NOT AID'S INTENTION TO REDUCE HILIPPINE FUNDING LEVELS BY BUREAUCRATIC MANIPULATION Of PROJECT APPROVALS 'WE REALIZE THAT THE DATA AVAILABLE IN CERTAIN CASES MAY NOT ALWAYS MESH WITH WASHINGTON'S NEEDS IN SUCH INSTANCES WE RELY PARTICULARLY ON THE EXPERIENCE AND KNOWLEDGE OF FIELD EXPERTS SUCH AS-YOURSELF FOR AN INTERPRETATION AND EVALUATION OF AVAILABLE FIGURES 9· YOU MENTIONED THE NEED FOR CLEARER DI RECTIONS ON SUCH ISSUES AS HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE POOR MAJORITY WE L UNCLASSIFIED J t • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of ate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415405 Date 10 11 2017 C06415405 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C064154Q5_p I' J_0tL11 017 I UNCLASSIFIED 3 RECGGNIZE THE IMPORTANCE OF KEEPING THE FIELD FULLY INFORMED AND WILL WORK TO ENSURE THAT POSTS ABROAD RECEIVE ALL CLARIfICATIONS AS WELL AS ANY PRESIDENTIAL DECISIONS ON THESE ISSUES- AS THEY BECOME AVAILABLE 10 THE CONCERNS OU EXPRESSED IN YOUR 'MESSAGE ARE IMPORTANT ISSUES AND E APPRECIATE THE OPPORTUNITY TO 'DISCUSS THEM WITH YOU THANK YOU FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY ' UNCLASSIFIED L - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ____ 0 _ -I _ _ _ _ _ _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415405 Date 10 11 017 co 6416714 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 INFO GCr 01 ESb01 iSng0 4 K Q P · e215 9 R 2115 7 F 3 77 FM A H9A SY OGOTA Tn SECSTATE w s oc S 3 ' LIMITED O F ciAL USE 80GOTA lB3 DISSENT cH Nr EL A'S jAr E 9 fl3 9 i' TK S MF s At E T ANS 1 U S REF i ·C SC' G 1 TA 3 4 e en 'c aH 7 j 1VJ 7 VH p I NT 0 F L - --- - - - - - - --- - --- - ---- - - - -- ECo ' 0 f-iI CAN D c A Q of 8 S_ ll J'_C 1d lllEL - M RCIAL fFA R8 TH DPjeT CO 5 DISTRI3UT C 28 NCT OF THIS MES5AG URXNG THE R ECENT VISIT YO C L M9I 1 TEAM FOR LA GE SSIQ OP C INVfSjM NT WIS Tb 86 ESTRICT THE A VANCa AND AN f aAS5Y DFFrCE T LKED TO A NUMeE F GOVERNM2NT OFFICI D L 0 CAI U ill D COL 0 I ll I l Eg 5 Ii N FRQ t· I N 0 1 _ AT ION GAT eRED IT rAS CONF R O THAT GOC REGULiT O S STILL RECLun2 TK PO S LJTY OF OPI 'S SURANCE lN I ECT au n F ENDING PRJGRA S OP RATIN iN COLOMSIA AT T E p Ee NT TIME T E OPIC EP SENTATIVES %NnZ 4TED THAT NEV RT ESS H Y B LIEVEa'1 1 ' OULD aE NOnHI'If F TO NCLUDE COLO··18TA O JHE ItIERARY np TeE p OrpSE iNOEAN INVEa MENT 1 SID SEE REF B FOR'OETAI $ ' LIMITEn CFFIr I L USE ' 11 t -_ __ _ 0 _ _ ' • - r c - '''''_'-''' L''''' ''' _' '' ''''''' - ''' 7f ' ' ' ' ' r ' - ' - ' ' f · t ' ' •• 7' 'f ' ' d ' ' ' I' - - - - ' 7 1f_-E- - _ ff' - • L Jt ' J- • - '-i - ' - - i c 1 ' 1 -- - 4 r'j ' •• _ - o- - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416 714 IED u s Department of State ' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 10 11 2017 _ __ _ ____ _ 4 _ _ _ _ __ ____ • ____ _ _ _ ····4 » 1 1 ' • L MITED OFFICiAl USE A GE SOGOTA 1639 2 '2iov 12 3 CbNVER ATZnN$ ITH GnC O F C A S CDNOERN NG H o AL CLIM4TE 'FO Fn eJ N INVEBT NT STA3L SREO TH T D FICXAL GOV RNM N ' poLICY M I 8 BasiCALLY AS X THE piS N ITH R n2JECTIK NOR AeT%V LV SE KIH FO IG INVEST T IN GENERAL X NUFACTU E T R'S S THE Gee lCC2 Ti FO GN VEST Nt 'T AT crMPl N kT5 IY5 OUN ECONOMIC DE0e QPMENT PLA 8 UT LBO RFMAINS C TT€D T INI ZING T £ INPORAN OF FC EIa CA ITAC TN THE ECO O Y A aNT ' CHAN E IN rIANC vI IST H A GIVE THE SUPERFI I p ESm r SID N i H 6 i t Sl Tt NTV LLV G e t T ' it I IJ i F ES i I N F RF 'I GN NVESof r i EXI SiS Mi J 1 1 G r C LW C iH O Ai ERS ei I e vE TH4T' THZE IS QT THE CASE O f ER A D THAT aA I GDe POLICy i-1J RE AINS SA E AS IN T E P STD 4 TH2 GO r H TIT UD Tm'L6 R rJ r r G Hi VE T1·1 E T' I T LL CON SID F D 0 t·l O ' THE I ' 0 $ T f $ Rt CTI vE A i 0 NG Tr E AI Ci M' ' C·T 1' EI lB RS R CENTL V I nICL S HI THE COI 'Q' SIII l ' PRES HhYE ADnREsaE ca OMSI THE NCREO eLE THE D IFFICULTY U X ESS OF DD NG T6PF AS ONE R SP T D IN ECano ' I c AGA7 I E DES Cii H 0 If PRE c r 1 SAN Y 'F a aI GN INvES MeNf APPRCV L 5 GI E fHE FA T TPAT np cis PR0GRAMS ARE NOT p RAalE IN COLOMBiA COMBINED W T iHF GCCiS P4S5IV AT I UDE T HI MH 5 A T 4 CU Fa P E I G h 1 e T J j 1' U l lE a r I ·-T H a Fljl t Y ju T n c t T ON FO A IS Vt RN1·' Nr APONSt i·E 'I I'NV E8i r t NT -·i·i'X Sfa 'j 6 ''T'P t ·r -bl ·1 rl t i tHe' fS'F - A p Cl VE0 v vAktniJ '-Yi 't H HiG'j' j l AG N'C If r f r't I N y' I VES NO FiH OR IT V 1 c I I j TO PROMOTING US INVESTMENT w E Ma eoveR IT I CIFFICU T TO AR UE IN F_VOR u THE le ION ON EiT0ER T E a s s OF MPRnY N TR D 0 SELLING TH CON E T OF P IVA E INV stM NT THE US URRENTLV HAS ABOUT j i J P RCC NT OF iH COLOMBIAN HlP jPT MARKF i PR IVAT I IVEST' ' MEN AS f ILOSr PHV t IS Oi EI'L Y HlGRAINED ANI EePECTED i l INC 0 L 0 t·1 e A• f 1j t '11- • rJ ' j I 1 ' ' --L'• j _- • t J 1 ' - ' • • • ' 4 • 1 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 10 11 201 _ Q co 6416 714 IED u s Department of·State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 10 11 2017 • ' - - J 90GDTA'016 59 A E SUF r IEMT Y PH aTi ft E TO MAK tHE OETE MiNATioN vI HAT FOx n N I r V S n ·f f T' i ' ' M' T H Ai i g i T E QT NrI'L OP ORTU rTIES Q OF I 1 • 0 Dn l 'J NI UB NVESTOR G HySUT L HIMSELF OF f AMPLE FOR 4DV e ANn bSeIST NCE AVAILAe E THROUGH EXISTING PRQGRA B OF THE DEPAPTM NT3 n CO MfRC iNO TATE 7 ' HI SL Ht tAP V c u snON T AP OPflIATENESS oi- A us QOVERNM NT $PDNSO Er MJ elON IO COLnk I WITH TeE sOLe PUR i Se OF paOHOl lIJG U8 H V F sr t-i T HE ' ' t HOP E Tl Ai CONCE NED Aa I GTON AGE I S_ ILL CAA FULLY RfijX w T 2 AOVIB 9 LXTY OF T IS MI8SIO G T OF OUR P O ITla5 IN COLOM5IA AND THE CONSXOE ATIONB NENT O ED A30V j SANCH Z I i · ·· ' r' - U - ' ' - • - '- I ·_ u ' _ t ' 1_' ' ___ 110 - 1 1 I j i I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416714 Date 19 11 20 1 7_'_ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445728 Date 12 11 2017 - PAGE 4 IRELEASE I PART B6 E'ELM ER E 'VIENTIANE 4871 ' ' ee FIBRN'fIAL 'i l' J u GE 'L ' n VIEN·TI 04871 01 ' 171130Z TIOR I EA-13 'trFO· 'OCT-01 150-00' SS-15 ISC-05 CIAE-00 INR-07 NSAE-00 PM-03 DODE-00 PRS-01 EE-07 SP-02 ACDA-05 'MC-02 PA-0 f L-03 062 ' i ' 091463 -- --- --------­ tl' R 171046Z JUL 75 ' 3 r•• AMEMJ3ASSY VIENTIANE AMEMEASSY BANGKOK PRIORITY PCHJ-USMAGTH I UDORli PR lOR ITY FO SECSTATE WA P DC 4 13 v 7 VIENTIANE 4871 NGKOK FOR MASTERS AND I I O 11652 GDS GS MASS FPOR LA US FJ MAP RICE FOR LAOS EF A VIENTIAKE 4740 B DAO 994 101000JUL75 NOTAL r VIENTIA E 4700 D J3AWGIOK 13231 a o E STATE 147521 F VIENTIANE 4773 · G DAO 112 150 402JUL75 NOTAL H BAJ G CO'K 14097 I STATE 159715 COUNTRY TEAM'S DECISION TO'CONTINU DELIVERY OF RICE RROUGH JULY IS EASED OK RATIONALE GIVEN IN REF C WHICH EMAINS VALID AND T KES INTO 'CONSIDERATIOX RECENT CHANGES k LAOS SITUATION REF I CONCURRED WITE COUITRY TEAM'S SESSMENT AS STATED IN REF C COUNTRY T1 AM IS 'CURRERTLY REVIEWIIG REQUIREMENTS r LOCATIOI FOR RIC DELIVERIES TO tAOS TAKING liTO PN1IBiN Ihb - J J I r • ___ $ lq FI ai 'HAla GE 02 VHl 1TI 04871 • 171130Z ' NSIDERATION JUNE' RICE UNDELIVERED TO DATE AXD JULY CE SCH DULED FOR DELIVERY UPDATED REQUIREMENTS LL E PROVIDED TO INCLUDE NECESSARY CANCELLATIONS JUNE RICE NLT 25 JULY ALSO FOR rOUR INFORMATION ARE' CONSIDERING CANCELLING UNDELIVERED JULY RICE T 15 AUGUST WE WI'LL ADVISE YOU OF ANY NECESSARY TIO'R 01 YOUR P RT I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445728 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445728 Date 12 11 2017 kME AS-'TFli L'AOTiui- S-ITUATiON IS EXTREMELY FLUID' MUST RAVE CAPABILITY O REACT QUICKLY AND- MElT TUATIOW AS IT DEVELOPS WF ARE REVIEWING MEANS TO STREN THEN SUPERVISION I eeHFIBIH IA ' f PAGE 1 E ELMER VI NTIAHE 4871 1 eeHfIBF H IA RTIFICATION OF DELIVERIES AS REFERRED TO IN REF H RA 2 ND 3 AND'ORIGINALLY OUT INID IN REF B 'RA 4 REF G PROVIDED INFORMATION THAT UNDER THE RESFNT CIRCUMSTANCES A LL RICE IS DELIVERABLE WITH THE CEPTION OF LUANG PRABA'NG' AND PAKSI FOR JULY IS WOUnD BE 725 9 M OUT OF 1 43 1 SCHEDULED NOT· 4 T PiR REF R HOWEVER RICE FOR LOCATIONS WHERE CANNOT BE DELIV RED DIRECTLY fROM THAILAND WILL OUTED TO II NTIANE AND ELEASED TO FAR WHO WILL BE SPONSIBLE FOR FURTHER DISTRIBUTION HAVE SEEN TP I EM ASST NAV R T WHO INSISTED MATTER rrST BE wITH MII£CON AND COULD NOT HAVE BEEN REFERRED MFA HE SUGGESTED MR MASTERS NEVERTHELESS'CALL A AND SORT IT OUT HE' WA RELUCTANT TO SEND TELE- AM OUT OF LA ZIN SS'l DESPITE FACT HE APp'EA RED ' 'COGNIZE POTE IAL SERIOUSNESS OF DELAY IN RICE I f IE 0 Hi' HH1 i'UAJ N I - ' I ' I• ' I ' - ' - '___--c J--- -t _ --r -ow • -- I -- - ' J - 'tt -'- - t i '- p-- • I I J 1 f s ' i ' t __ P' - - ' ' -r ' ' ' · ' i ' ' - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F- 2016-p7743 Doc No C96445728 Date 12 11 2017 0 l 'I ' i1 • - @ _ •• r ' ' '1' '' ' 4't ·t · I OJi j' r f f -f ' 'I ' - - -- - - - - IM 1 l i -- - - • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 11 2017 CQNFIBEU'flkEJ' DRAFT TELEGRAM IRELEASE IN PART al j ACTION mbassy BANGKOK DISSENT CHANNEL TAGS PFOR SUBJ Dissent Message REF Bangkok 16004 FORLI______________ 'BANGKOK 86 1 This message concerns your second 'd ssent the matter of suspension of deliverie to Laos o ' petroleUm products and rice under the U S Military Assistanbe· p'ro- gram 2 lows Status of the program at this moment is as folOur economic and military assistance programs to Laos have been terminated and ongress ' further· aid for the current fiscal year has prohibited Prior to June 30 for reasons discussed in the correspondence you r I ferred to and other correspondence as well such as vientiane 4372 the Department approved Embassy Vienti ne's recommendation that a portion of the remaining FY 75 funds be us d to finance MAP POL and rice for a July increment only This increme t would have been fully delivered long since had not unforseen dela¥s in Thailand intervened Em- bg ssy Vientiane indicates that the deli eries of this rice hy IHliI- HJ should be completed and has repeatedly recommended that these deliveries be completed All POL deliveries eonFIBEN'flkEJ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 1112017 -2- have already been completed 3 The Department's decision to continue for a limited time deliveries of MAP rice and POL to Laos was predicated upon major political and humanitarian factors raised in Vientiane 4897 as late as July 19 ' your ref B This cable restressed the still very tense and uncertain situation r' in which the ission founa itself and underlined the broad social impact in · Laos which' the rice de i ry' question had That cable sketched a plausible chain of events - acquired I through which mended could I mission and assuring the security of its personnel I' l a more h ve aprupt rice cutoff such as you recom- jeopardized chances of maintaining the Since these last points were and are central goals of our policy in Laos they have prevailed over the strong considerations raised in paras 6 9 and 10 of your cable 4 With regard to the future the Lao government has been informed that there wi l i and no further V July increment have ended been termi d ance sh pments be no furtper shipments of POL of rice after deliveries of the All other US aid to Laos has and there are no present plans for new assist- Moreover for your information we are in the process of' taking steps t liquidate certain other specific aspects of past· aid programs for 5 Lao For all these reasons while your general point eeMFIBEN'fI M UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 11 2017 CQNPIBJ3M'fHcfl -3of v iew -regarding aid to Laos does constitute our official 1h P -aI' po11cy your Q1Bsent concern1ng rice deliveries 6 eovfe WtS f 1cally h t e res1du g l SP C1 be pl'r e-g fY'l-u e J v notA aQ'Q'QptSQ as Blief Once again we commend you on the use of the dis7 sent channeL s p D i ' ' ' ' ' EA LC MHertC1Wrson JDRO thal dtm 9 2 75 x23l32 I Clearances EA - Mr Habib EA - Mr Miller dA J Slp-iJFP - hI i u ro f -r rre f J'tut ' to I ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445842 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 - 'f'-- ' ' t J i r' l -ct ' -- ---- ----------------- -' I' • 5 0 1 t · Cz Q J -6 OCT 1Z 18 A f'ORM DS 322 OCR f V J I J 82950 IObJ 838Z I 8295 O' 282 Yc L- 7 w OCT 72 I IRWIN If-- ft V CGNFUEN'fIAt p 0 RELEASE IN FULL EUR CE BAFLATIN FPS 10 05 72 EUR E T 28957 RFESSENDEN URIC£ JSSUTTERLIN MHSTYLES 06 • EI 9A AN PRIORITY ·BONN BERLIN LONDON J10SCOW JA TO PARIS • r ' I ·· PRIORITY 1 A BERLIN sf b08 8 SE RV Cf BERLIN BERL 1699 V If V I Ge f U 1L s-V J ' 1- D I SUBd FUTURE OF B RLIN AIR REF JV' f Jl 37 1 C V a NN Rf 3 9- BAF jJ 13312 Jssl MH fef c't r L 8 1'I- - t tv DURING HIS RECENT WASHINGTON VISIT BERLIN SENATOR FOR FEDERAL AFfAIRS HORST GRABERT DWELT AT LENGTH N THE SENAT' 0 S CONCERN ABOUT THE WAY THE CIVIL vJ ATION SITUATION IS I r ' ' BClL DEVELOPING IN BERLIN GRABERT CRITICIZED THE BONN GROUP AIR STUDY AS TWO MONTHS TOO LATE AND REPEATED HIS CONVICTION THAT THE CURRENT SAS AND AUA EFFORTS TO SECURE NORTH-SOU H OVERFLIGHT RIGHTS fROM THE GDR WILL NOT SUCCEED IN THIS CONNECTION HE CONVEYED AN SAS COMPLAINT THAT IT IS POINTLESS TO NEGOTIATE WITH THE GDR WITHOUT THE TECHNICAL HANDOVER INSTRUCTIONS THE THREE POWERS HAVE NOT VET PROVI ­ ED· THE DEPARTMENT HAS NOT YET RECEIVED COPIES OF THE REVISED DRAFT PROMISE IN BONN'S t21b 1 0 GRABERT PRESSED FOR EARLY FOUR PO ER TALKS ON AIR SERVICES FOR THE BRL iERLIN AREA ON HE GROUND THAT NO SUCCESS WAS LIKELY IN OPENING WEST BERLIN TO NON-ALLIED INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS ijNTIL AN UNDERSTANDING WAS REACHED WITH THE SOVIETS HE WA'R' ED THAT THE FRG MIGHT F IND IT EVER HARDER TO JUSTIFY THE RETENTION OF A SUBSIDIZED IGS SERVICE AS THE GERMAN TAXPAYERS NOTE THE GROW'ING USE OF SCHOENEFELD FOR ALL OTHER TRAFFIC OBSERVING THAT MODERN AIR'S PRPBLEMS WITH BULGARIA REF TEL D MIGHT END IF 1 --_ _ _ _ _ _ - _ _ _ t ___________ •• __ -------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 ·'J-· OIO • r' ' ' i ' J I 'ti t It • 1 ' -qFORM - to • ' DS 322A OCR t 2 • AIR WERE TO AGREE TO SPLIT SO PERCENT OF THIS LUCRATIVE BUSINESS WITH BULGARIAN CARRIERS AND APPLY FOR GDR PERMISSION TO FLY TO AND FROM WEST BERLIN OUTSIDE THE CORRIDORS GRABERT ASSERTED THAT A RECENT BAHR-FALIN pDISCUSSION ON THIS PARTICULAR PROBLEM REVEALED SOVIET READINESS TO TALK ABOUT SUCH SPECIFIC TOPICS IN THEIR· iRELATIONSHIP TO THE ENTIRE AIR PICTURE--IF THE THREE POWERS ARE ALSO READY FOR SUCH TALKS j ' ' 'j ' CO Flf1ENTIAb- MODERN 7 ' ' i ' ' DEPARTMENT OFFICERS RENINDED GRABERT THAT THE MAIN TENANCE OF A SECURE AND VIABLE CORRIDOR SERVICE IS VITAL · FOR THE FUTURE OF BERLIN IN THE US VIEW IT WOULD NOT IN ANY EVENT BE A PROPITIOUS TIME TO RAISE THIS ISSUE WITH · THE SOVIETS UF INDEED IT WERE TO BE RAISED AT ALL BEFORE ·WE HAVE COMPLETED FOUR POWER NEGOTIATIONS CONCERNING THE UN ENTRY OF THE TWO GERMANYS WHICH ARE DESIGNED TO ENSURE THAT THE PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES ASSOCIATED WITH FOUR · POWER RIGHTS AND RESPONSIBILITIES WOULD NOT BE AFFECTED WHILE WE AGREED ON THE DESIRASILITY OF BRINltGING INTERNATIONAL FLIGHTS INTO WEST BERLIN AND HAD WORKED HARD 'TOWARD THIS OBJECTIVE WE DID NOT THINK THAT THE VALUE OF SUCH FLIGHTS WAS SUFFICIENT TO WARRANT PREJUDICE TO THE · CORRIDORS GRABERT ASSERTED THAT THE CORRIDOR REGIME IS ALREADY BEING MISUSED FOR NON-IGS TRAFFIC E G MODERN AIR FLIGHTS TO EASTERN EUROPE AND EXPRESSED HIS PERSONAL UNDERSTANDING FOR THE SOVIET COMPLAINT THAT THE CORRIDORS WERE NOT ORIGINALLY INTENDED FOR SCtUCH USE DE ARTMENT OFFICERS EMPHASIZED THAT WE HAVE AS A MATTER OF PRINCIPLE CONSISTENTLY REFUSED TO ACCEPT THAT THE SOVIETS HAVE THE RIGHT TO DETERMINE WHAT KIND OF AI LIED FLIGHTS USE THE CORRIDORS GRABERT'S DEFINITION WOULD RULE OUT NOT ONLY MAT FLIGHTS TO BULGARIA BUT AIR fRANCE FLIGHTS TO PARIS IN OUR IEW IT IS UNLIKELY THAT WE COULD OBTAIN ANYTHING 'BETTER THAN THE PRESENT CORRIDOR ARRANGEMENTS IN TALKS WITH THE SOVIETS PARTICULARLY FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF ENSURING WEST BERLIN'S VIABILITY AND SECURITY ' t r' f x· iti I J ' ' B 'I 4 GRABERT THOUGHT THAT FRG-GDR AIR TALKS SHOULD BE COMMENCED IMMEDIATELY REPEATING HIS EARLIER ARGUMENTS THAT TIME WAS NOW OF THE ESSENCE BECAUSE THE GDR MIGHT SHORTLY BE WINNING OVERFLIGHi RIGHTS THROUGH ICAO MEMBER'SHIP THAT IT WOULD NOW HAVE TO GAIN THROUGH NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE FRG DEPARTMENT OFFICERS POINTED OUT TO GRABERT THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ' DHERENCE TO THE ·CHICAGO CONVENTION l WHICH APPLIES AUTOMATICALLY --hllTH SOME LIMITATIONS- ONL Y TO NON-SCHEDULED SERVICES AND THE INTERNA TIONAL AIR SERVICE TRANSIT AGREEMENT WHICH COVERS SCHEDULED SERVICES j -BUT HA S BEEN JOINED BY ONLY TWO COMMUNIST STATES ' i 'j L··· - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 I· OUTGOING TELEC t M • • -- 4-- --- ------- RI··-·r '3 ·- -·--'·-·-l a c - '--' -ICONF IDEMt1AL t ' ' ·· ·' T··i'1 '··· · 7 ··1il • 'w r i Zl Z1 t f q i ''U r o I r l ' • cr l rIt · r l - i' t 'S h'' - h ' ' •• 't 'I r '1I ' ig A TA EP N OBA 8 L x gI I HE LATTER lAGR£EMENT FYI THE DEPARTMENT IS NOW STUDYING THE IMPLICATIONS OF SUCH A MOVE ON ALLIED AIR TRAFFIC ASKED lWHAT INCENTIVE THE GDR WOULD HAVE IN NEGOTIATIONS WITH THE lFRG FOR ENCOURAGING LOCAL COMPETITION FOR SCHOENEFELD iGRABERT REPLIED THAT INTERfLUG URGENTLY NEEDS OVERFLIGHT RIGHTS ACROSS THE fRG TO MOST OF THE IMPORTANT AIR MARKETS IN WESTERN EUROPE THE SOVIET UNION MIGHT ALSO BE WILLING ITO OFFER THE THREE POWERS A BETTER CORRIDOR REGIME tIN ORDER TO SUPPORT THIS GDR COMMERCIAL INTEREST GRABERT INSISTED THAT WITHIN A FEW YEARS LUFTHANSA WOULD BE fLYING IG SERVICE TO SCHOENEFELD IF SOME ARRANGEMENT WERE NOT IMADE WHICH WOULD PERMIT LUFTHANSA TO fLY TO WEST BERLIN l i 15 DEPARTMENT OFFICERS EMPHASIZED THAT LUFTHANSA IGS 1FLIGHTS TO SCHOENEfELD IF IN COMPETITION WITH ALLIED lCORRIDOR SERVICE COULD PREJUDICE THE VIABILITY OF THE 'ALLIED CARRIERS WHICH WOULD 'STILL BE SUBJECT TO THE 1D OOO FOOT RESTRICTION THIS WOULD NOT BE IN THE INTEREST OF BERLIN OR IN OUR OPINION OF THE FRG THE lALLIES HAD ALREADY AGREED TO CUFTHANSA FLIGHTS TO TEGEL ENROUTE TO MOSCOW EFFORTS TO THIS END WITH THE SOClttVI ts COULD BE PURSUED BY THE fRG FOR THE LONGER FUTURE WE DID NOT NECESSARILY RULE OUT REGULAR LUFTHANSA CORRIDOR 'FLIGHTS EVEN IF SOME GDR ROLE WERE INVOLVED BUT WE WOULD WISH TO STUDY VERY CAREFULLY ALL OF THE IMPLICATIONS lOF SUCH A CHANGE BEFORE MAKING ANY DECISIONS tb ALTHOUGH THE DEPARTMENT SHARES THE SENAT'S PESSIMISM i E iN D EC gP T I EN O D v t TTgf 'SCHOENEF LD'AS AN INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT POSES A CRITICAL THREAT TO THE WELL-BEING OF WEST BERLIN IN FACT THE AVAILABILITY OF INTERNATIONAL SERVICE AT SCHOENEFELD SHOULD PROVIDE AN EXTRA CONVENIENCE FOR WEST BERLINERS AS 1LONG AS ACCESS TO THE EAST GERMAN AIRPORT IS RELATIVELY e IFREE AS NOW IN OUR VIEW COMMON WESTERN INTERESTS WOULD NOT BE SERVED BY ENTERING AVIATION TALKS WITH THE SOVIET iHNI6N-AT-THiS-TIXEv- ONCE WE HAVE SECURED TO THE MAXIMUM I E 'EN'-P SS 8 E- UNION AT THIS TIME NOR DO WE fAVOR FRG GDR CIVIL AIR P SCUSSIONS ON BERLIN SERliVICE ONCE WE HAVE SECURED t TO THE MAXIMUM EXTENT OSSIBLE DEPENDABLE REAFfIRMATIONS OF QUADRIPARTITE RIGHTS AND THE PRESERVATION OF WORKABLE ' PROCEDURES AND PRACTICES WE MIGHT RECONSIDER THIS ·iASSESSMENT THE DEPARTMENT WILL BE COMMENTING LATER ON 'J ITHE VARIOUS SPEGIFIC POINTS RAISED BY REfEITELS BAND C CONCERNING HE FUTURE OF THE ALLIED AND FRG ROLES IN ID' if L4 - - __ • c a ·_ _m' ____ __ ' - • - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016·07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 - t • OUTGOING • TE1 EORAM O'·l6r' t1on 1 • • I iI 1 f' I Ij j ' • iI Ii -- --- - o - • - __ - - - _ _ _--- -- - ' • -- _t· _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743· Doc No C06471991 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473021 Date 01 11 2018 I _-_ _ _ _ ---_ _------------------ f FORM DS 322 OCR ' 1 UNCLASSIFIED SIP-OFP SVOGELGESANG 7 10 74 EXT 28790 SIP - PBSWIERS RELEASE IN PART • 86 ROUTINE YAOUNDE DISSENT CHANNEL PB ' E O 11652 N A SV 51 ' TAGS XA CM APER SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF STATE Lt13479S YAOUNDE 1876 1 WE ARE POUCHING TODAY THE RESPONSE TO 1 DISSENT CHANN L TELEGRAM BY H B HOPKINS DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE OF PERSONNEL AND A MANPOWER IN AID 86 2 SHOULD I I WISH THE OPEN FORUM PANEL TO PURSUE THIS MATTER FURTHER IN HIS BEHALF AS PER OUR LETTER OF JULY 10 1974 HE'SAOULD TELEGRAM OR WRITE THE PANEL IN CARE OF S P-OFP ' ROOM 7310 DEPARTMENT OF STATE YY I i I I ' UNCLASSIFIED L - - ' _ ' J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473021 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473698 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN FULLI· -- ------'----- ------ - Department of State TELEGRAM OFFICIAL USE IMITEO PAr E 01 SANGKO 13111 1408322 A c'T'ION SP-Ql3 OCT-U ES 02· - - 1006 W P 140756Z AUG 74 - - ••• • 062973 'FM AMEMSASSY BANGKOK 'TO SECSTATE WAS OC 5898 LIMITEO OFFICIAl USE a NGKOt 7 0 'ACTION COPY 5 tNPO 9869 - 13111 n'I 4SENT CH NN L F O U652s N A AORG EAIO TH SUAJECTI REORGANIZATION OF REO USOM · Ar 5t ELATIONSMIPS REFC A STATE 17 613 6 BANGKOK 8679 C BANGKOK 1195 1 REO ST4FF 4PPRECIATES THE DEPARTMENT'S ANO ID W'S REVIEW nF THE ISSUES INVOLVED IN UNOERT4KING NEW ADMINISTRATIVE AND nPeRATIONAL AHRANGEMENTS BETWEEN RED ANO USOM AT THIS TIMEo' 'r ONCUR THAT THE MECHANICS OF IMPLEMENTING THESE NEW ARRANGEMENTS AS OUTL1NEO IN REF te SHOUI D BE SUBJECT TO THE REVIEW U GESTfO IN PARA 4 REF CA AFTER DNE Y AR 'THIS SHOULD RE A SUFFICIENT·TRIAL P ERIOO IN WHICH to ASSESS THE EFFECTS 'nF ANy OF THE POLICY IMPLICATIONS CITED IN THE DISSENT CABLE nULO THESE MATERIALIZE AND TO DEVISE WHATEVER ORGANIZATIONAL Cr OMM004TION THEY'MAY REQUIRE ACCOROING Y SUGGEST THAT n PARTMENT AND AIO W BASEO TEAM BE SCHEDULEO TO COMMENCE SUCH FVALUATION ON AUGUST 15 1975 I I NTNE · It eV I LfOec li1s j FORM • MIG cs 652 r' • _ • • - - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473698 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473798 Date 01 11 2018 _ _ • I 'Oo ••• • • RELEASE IN PART 86-- •• - - -•• - -- 'FORM DS 322 OCR ICONFIDENTI L OFP LLOWENSTEIN J8 07 05 74 EXT SIP · 8SWIERS 3852 USIA' FOR IAA 9NLY INFO PRIORITY PRETORIA DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 GDS TAGS OEXC Sf SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL r1ESSAGE FROMjL REFS PSS L 1 ' Yo ______ CAO A PRETORIA 2857 iB PRETORIA 2911 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF DISSENT'CHANNEL MESSAGE REFTEL A AND AMBASSADOR'S COMMENTS REFTEL ·S 2 OFP HAS BEEN STUDYING OVERALL U S POLICY TOWARD SOUTHERN AFRICA IN LIGHT Of RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PORTUGAL AND ELSEWHERE ACTION ON REFTEL A DELAYED BY SHORT WEEK BUT BEING GIVEN PRIORITY ATTENTION ACTION OFFICER IS WILLARD A DE PREE SIP DECONTROL ' - GDS yy I MC''r1 '-U'''Ta UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473798 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476538 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861 ' ' j i • J C 8NFIDENTIA S P ALLEGRONE AG EXT 2 7c S P PfIlOLFOIIIITZ 03 31 B2 I OUTINE 1 - - BONN j I DISSENT CHANNEL FROM SIP PAUL IlJOLFOtdITZ TO E O 11652 GDS 3 3L 86 MOLFO ITZ a UL t IL-_-- --__ ----' llJfi _ C'A - '1 J TAGS - -1- - ' SU8JECT DISSENT CHANNEL ON SANCTIONS AND THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE 1 C NFI ENTIAL 86 - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THAN YOU FOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON SANCTIONS AND THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE P ER YOUR REQUEST THE MESSAGE AS SENT TO THE ALL EUROPEAN DIPLO ATIC POSTS COLLECTIVE IIIHICH INCLUDES USNATO I HAVE ELECTED NOT TO REPEAT THE CABLE TO USICA AND ACDA AT THIS TIME THE DISSENT CHANNE SERVES AS AN IN-HOUSE ECHANISM FOR DEALING IIIITH POLICY ISSUES AND I DO NOT BELIEVE THAT IN THIS INSTANCE THE CABLE NEED IE REPEATED TO THE OTHER' FOREIGN AFFAIRS AGENCIES INDICATED HOtdEV£R I An IIIILLING TO RECONSIDER THIS DECISION IF YOU PREFER I 3 INSIDE THE DEPARTMENT I HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES I VOUR UABLE TO THE OFf IC Of THE SECRETARY THE UNDER'SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT I ' THE ACTING ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EURO PEAN FFAIRS AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARV FOR ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS IIIHEN COMMENTS FROM THESE OFfICES HAVE· BEEN RECEIVED A' MBER OF MY STAFF llJILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY ' • ' fNFIJE p Al j j J j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476538 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432145 Date 11 13 2017 ----_ ---_ ----_ _--------------_ _---------------- '---- - RELEASE IN PART 86 ' ' April l971 86 --_ _ _ _---'1 PPO PDA SPA 4k 11 1m D1sseni CbamUtl Memo 1 • I r'fai ed to list the three attachments at the end of the memDt and I ' fOuld appreciate it if' the following could 'be added ttAttaCJhlIlent u a Idaroh 1977 issue of tho Foreign Service Journal J b Karch 15 memo to Iobn R Eriksson 0 List of the El Salvador i Education seotor Analysis d o umenttJ l ' 1 m - 't oj• 2 As you know the proposed abolishl'llent of the ctol' Analysis DiVision in the LaUn Am FJrloan Dureau is ona of the issues deal t 'Kith in the melllo I ave argued that the' policy implica- ' 01 tions of this deoision have not baen fully considered YeBter I 'ire S told thAt a cable info-ming the missions that the division is being abolished hes b9en oiroulated 1n the Bureau and is a bout to be Dent ' - 'c· -s ' ' l t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 poe No C06432145 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State' - - - - - - - Departnlent Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO caseNo i - -i016'''-07743-0oc No C06432148 OCT-01 S'I ATE 054187 IS0-00 ONY-30 Date 11 13 2017 t ¥ • TELEGRAM ----_ _ _ __ RELEASE IN PART 86 3944 -- 003 R CRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY BDM APPROVED BY SIP TLAKE S P GAUSTIN S P-OF N80YER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY ------------------110314Z 117S 9· 61 R 1131 13Z MAR 77 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSy'DAMASCUS INFO AMEMBASSY BEIRUT - ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 054187 ' _ _ _ IFROM TONY LAKE SIP STAOIS I L LIL LIL DISSENT CHANNEL FOR E O TAGS 1 1 6 5 2 GO 5 PFOR 'IS SUBJECT LEBANON DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE 186 ISRAEL AND DAMASCUS 1482 REF 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE' ON SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCe AND DIV5 RGENCE MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A suaSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STlPULATED CISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVe SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE BUREAU OF NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASI AN AFFAIRS THE BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH AND EMBASSY BEIRUT WE CCMMEND YOUR USE OF DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO 'tHE VI EWS YOU HAVE SUBMI TTED VANCe - - - - liMITED OFFICIAL USE _ _ ____________ _ _ __________________ _0_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432148 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432149 Date 11 13 2017 LunL I OU 1liU IN RELEASE IN TELEGRAM Departnlent of State STATE 145829 150-00 ONY-00 PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 'INFO OCT-01 351 1 103 R DRAFTED 8Y SIP GSAVSTIN ve APPROVED BY SIP PKREISBERG S P-OFP NA80YER IN DRAFT NEA ARN MDRAPER IN DRAFT DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY __________________ 054747 PART 86 23103SZ 12 R 230112Z JUN 77 FM 5ECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEM8ASSY DAMASCUS S E e R 5 T STATE 145829 STADIS I IIII I DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS PFOR SUBJ ECT LEBANON REF FOR GOS 11652 XF DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE DAMASCUS 1482 I ISRAEL AND - STATE 54187 I FROM PAUL KREISBERG ACTING DIRECTOR 51 - 86 I' M SORRY THAT SO MUCH TIME HAS ELAPSED SINCE OUR INTERIM RESPONSE TO YOUR DISSENT YOUR MESSAGE HAS RECEIVED ATTENTION INNEA AND ELSEWHERE IN THE DEPARTMENT 1 2 OUR THINKING HAS BEEN SIMILAR TO YOURS IN MANY WAYS AS YOU ARE PROBABLY AWARE WE EXERTED MAJOR EFFORTS IN NOVEMBER OF 1976 AS WELL AS IN LATE JANUARY AND EARLY FEBRUARY TO PERSUADE THE ISRAELIS THAT IT WAS IN THEIR INTEREST TO ALLOW A LIMITED MOVEMENT OF SYRIAN ADF ORces INTO SOUTH LEBANON TO CONTAIN THE PALESTINIAN PRESENCE THERE AND TO eSTABLISH THE UTHORITY OF THE SARKIS GOVERNMENT 3 WE TRIED OUT ON THE ISRAELIS A VARIETY OF FORMULAS SIMILAR TO YOUR PROPOSALS LIKE YOV WE HAD SOME HOPES THAT THE TACtT ISRAELI-SYRIAN UNDERSTANDING ABOUT SYRIA'S MI ITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON WOULD REMAI aUT WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CEASEFIRE IN OCTOBER 1975 AND AS SYRIAN MILITARY PRESSURES UPON THE PALESTINIANS eEGAN TO EASE AS A CONSeQUENCE THE ISRAEL I S APPARENTL Y DECIOED THEY COULD NOT TOLERATE A SYRIAN MILITARY PRESENCE BEYOND THE LITANI RIVER 4 AT AN EARLIER STAGE IN THE CONFLICT ISRAELI LEAbERS SUCH AS PEREZ HAD CONDITIONED THE ISRAELI PUBLIC TO ACCEPT A LIMITED SYRIAN MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON THEY 010 NOT 00 SO AFTER OCT08ER 1976 AND PARTLY AS A RESULT ISRAELI PUBLIC CONCERN ABOUT A POSSIBLE SOUTHWARO MOVE OF SYRIAN FORCES GRE ISRAELIS ALSO FEARED AND WANTED TO FRUSTRATE MOVES THAT COULD BE INTERPRETED AS IMPLEMENTING THE SO-CALLED GREATER SYRIA CONCEPT h 5 WE APPRECIATED HEARING YOUR COMMENT'S o'N 'THIS DIFFICULT aUESTION THANK YOU FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL CHRISTOPHER ' ' ' -• ' 1' - 'or-'- -SE6REl- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06432149 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446267 Date 12 11 2017 0111 i t 1'1 I HI DejJartnzent Of St tte f t t ' IGal r SIkH C-J Sl TE I TELEGRAM rtH 9 sp·c TKE Xl'tr r 011 wr t I J HSllms mo THE HOl'st PIPICArI su 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STATE C06432150 Date 11113 2017 --- -- -- -- --- TELEGRAM - SHm YEN A PEACE BASED UPON THE ISRAHI MODEL OULD Nor HAVE GUA AfHEED A COOPERAT IVE RESPDIIS TO IIiTER-ARAS COIIFL leT IN TilE LEVAnT AHO USE '11IERE III L AaSErlCE OF PEACt HWOERED COllmGEllt TO EXFEIII THAT COOPERATION IIltEeMIOl1 OF IlCESSIH WAS IMPLICIT AlID EXHIBIlEO aHlArlCE UPOII UUERIlEDIARIES FOR EXCHAIIGIIIG COI U lUfllCATIOrlS '- 1 CURR£llf SI GIIS OF 0 I VERHlI E III SOUTH LBMIOII THREATEII 10 DISRUPI PROCESS mmr ACHIEYED AIIO COULD tEAD TO REGIOIIAL cOlin leT llAl IS OISTURBHlG HOI'IEVER IS THAT III1TIAL SUCCESS OF ISRAEtiS AND SOME ARABS 10 COME so vEn CLOSE 10 Y ORKilIG OUT IHEIR O il REHOrlAl PROBlElAS WITHOUT mORT fiG TO BY lOW FAI II IAR FALLBACK TACTIC IlHEP POSIIlG SIGnlFICAfH IIUMBERS OF uri roms fiH 'J EN DISPUTAIITS L' Y BE PERUI TTED TO DISSIPATE LEAVlIIC SVRIAtI WllllllGIlESS 10 sm FU THE AR£ S or COIJIIOllllm EST wUII ISRAEL NO U S TO POSSIBLY WANE AS l'iELl 8 WIU IlISrlESS OF THE DEPARHlEtlT TO fAA 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ED BUT IT SEEMS WE COULD BUILD UPOII CDi lMOil GROUND THAT ISRA llS AIID smAllS lUNGED TO UIICOYER om ASi YEAR AIID TAKE AOWHACE Of tlDOlFlCATIDIiS III HRCEPIIOIlS BtTl'fEER THESE n p aITIES I aD rIOT lllNUHH lH£ OIFflCULTIES III CDllWIClllG BDrH ARTIES TO QUOW THIS C UP SE AF 1ER OUR UllSUCCEssrUt HmWT lfi HBRUARr IT RISKS ArmGOlmlliG IHt ISHAELIS mlfll Y S Ez IIIG • TilE IR COOf'EP AT IOIl TO RESUME SENS IT IYI II COTIAT I OilS 'iowm OVERAll SET1lH fNT SUI THIS AlmGOfllSll Al lf BE SHO H YEO If S' RIMIS SlJCCESSfU f COilOUCT 'tHrIR lISSIOlr MID KEEP TO lHE TERI1S Of VIlHlfYER I RWI €f EUIS ARE corleluaED BASED UPOII OUR EXPERrEneE OVER tHE lAST YHR WE HAYE w sOrlAHlE GROUI DS TO DEPE DOli SYRIAn'PU'OR1 1 'NCL AJID SHICE SY IA'S IIiVOLVEI fNT Itl lE6 lOIl M S SEEII A IIAJOR DEHRLlIljli 1 Of liS I'I'llllllGNESS 10 PlAY POSITIVE ROLE iiI REAGHIIIG SETTlEMftlT YlITH Isam fOtlTI L CAPlUl ItIVESfED III TH IS SIRHEC' WOULO SUllO A E4S01l6LE r OBAB ILm Of ADOIHG TO RATHER THAI DEPLUllrG OUR FUTURE NEG T IATIIIG ASSE IS MURPIIY UtI QUOTE YAUe E SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201 07743 Doc No C06432150 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc NC C06431666 Date 11 13 2017 I ' - CONPIf f M flAL DISSE lT CHANNEL g C ·- · t1 J Mr An thony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff S F Room 7813 Nashington D C 20520 of February 23 1977 ' •• ' Or t v ' • --J' FILE COpy oMMC Dear Mr Lake r refer to Mr Veliotes' letter of February 18 1977 in 'hich he informed me that my paper on the Polisario Front guerrilla movement could not issue through the Dissent Channel as the paper is not a policy dissent but an intelligence analysis I am disturbed ov r this apP2rent bureaucratization of the Dissent Channel The suppression of information from the top levels of the Department · hether caused by disagreement with content bureaucratic ineptness or just plain carelessness is as harmful as the suppression of substantive di fferences on policy In this regard it is interesting o note the reaction to my earlier two part dissent message on the Spanish Sahara Department officials disagreec with my shorter message focused on policy yet found the longer r 1essage w hich 'vas essentially an intelligence analysis of Mauritani helpful My rejected intelligence analysis of the POlisario Pront contains the same sort of useful information and analysis as did my earlier paper on Mauritania I have shared it with people on the ·lOrking level but believe that the ssistant Secretaries of AF and NEA and perhaps the Secretary would be interested in reading the paper I do not feel that I am burdening the system ·lith this paper as the Middle East div ­ sion of INR sent its last intelligence analysis on the Sahara as a memo to the Secretary before it was' published verbatim as an intelligence report My submission of this paper is at least partly to protest the fact that the African division of INR has not been sUfficiently involved in analysis of the Spanish Sahara In spite of the fact that Mr Bartholomew's letter states that my paper on t 1aurftania usefully broadened the context of thinking on the Spanish Sahara INR RAF has no intention of publishing the paper to its normal audience I would simply carry a copy of the paper to the offices ·of the Assistant Secretaries and the Secretary with the request that it be reaa informally However such personages cmlFIDEWPIAL DISSENT CHANNEL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431666 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASr IED ll D eartment of State Case No F-201 -07743 Doc No C09 431666 Date 11 13 2017 I CONFIOEM IAL1DISSENT - 2·- CHANNEL ' I are surrounded by a coterie of staff assistants and aides whose function seems to be to cut off their bosses from any direct contact with sources of information I understand that former Secretary Kissinger developed INRls Current Intelligence Staff because he felt cut off from first hand sources of information That staff consists of junior officers who select raw intelligence to go to the seventh Floor principals with no prior review by senior officers It was this system which enabled me to forwa d the only accurate piece of intelligence on the June 1975 Italian regional elections which the Seventh Floor received If I had depended on normal channels the information ·muld never have been briefed because of faulty analysis fear of appearing too alarmist and dedication to support of previous positions amo g the line bureaucracy The'Dissent Channel can be a mechanism for unclogging the Department's constipated paper flow f it is opened'up to pieces of raw traffic or analysis which are stu ck in the system It is easy to imagine abuses of such a system such as the submission of w'eighty tomes on mini-subjectf or simply a stream of raw ·traffic which officers wish to push ahead of the line' but such abuses could be resolved when and if they occurred One sol ution to potential problems vlould be to drop the requirement that a substantive reply be drafted to messages not demanding it For instance in the present case I would send my paper forth with a note explaining that I was submitting it through the Dissent Channel because INR had been sitting on it for a year and because it contained information relevant to current policy considerations referring to Nouakchott 362 of February 23 1977 With no Obligation to read past the title line the'-Secretary and Assistant Secretaries would suffer no burden and would yet be alerted to the fact that a disagreement was fulminating in the bowels of the bureaucracy about which they would not normally learn Under the rules of the system the submitting officer would be protected from his immediate superiors by anonymity while the Assistant Secretaries would be protected from a flood of unwanted paper because of a dissenting officer's knowledge that the item would go forward with a signed statement as to the justification for making an end run around the system Sincerely'yours L CONFlBEN'fIAL1DISSENT CHANNEL -------------------------------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431666 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 eOIWlDlilN'flAL THRU Mr Joseph C Wheei- r Director Dr William A Wollfer Deputy Director December 7 1972 - I 86 Resumption of American Military Supplies to - l kiBtall Anticipating a GOP request for resumption of Ame r1c an mUita l'Y 8uppUe to Paklstan you a8ked me to prepare a succinct analysis of policy issues lor possible con8idel'a on by tho Country Team On the bash of auted aU 1mptions 1 have con idered two Ilmost plausible alternative courses of a tion in Ught ot U S foreign policy Pakistan foreilJn relatione and Pak1etan domestic developments l' 1 AuumptionlS As a IItarting point we assume that th41 next two yea s will see 1 continuation in power of the Shutt£ Government 2 af least gradual progre88 toward an 1ndo·l a rapprochement and 3 continued pea ce ul relations among the great poweu We also allGUme for diecussjQn purpose that Congl'en will make no substantial changes in military sales legielation I ' II Possible Courses ot Aetion could respond to a GOP r quest for military 8upplies in a nu bel' of way depencl1ng UPOD 1 the ecopo of the fequ8at and 2 ' usa policy decisions Auuming an open ended request to remove existing reatrictione on the supply of InUit ry hll'rdwa l'e' USG policy options would include the follOwing polS'ibie C OUfSes' of action The usa 1 Unqualified supply including 80phisticated weapons 2 Qua lified supply 1 r ' NO' e that these are alll 08umptio s not predictions COI¢ 15E 'ftA L cos UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 - - _--- ------- ' GONPIBBff'f'I AL ·2a excluding sophisticated weapons b excluding letha-ill end-uee commodities c limited to spaJ'e parts foi previoualy furnished usa equipment d limited to procurement 'Wlder October 1971 3 Uc u canceUed in Refueal to lup ly 1 e co ntinWltion of existing policy These options are not mea nt to exclude other poulbllities Options 1 and Z for example could be vuied by dollar and tlme llrnitalions Ui cd venue new eqUipment definitions of ophilticated and nonlethal and c redit or military aid tenna The po ible llmitationa listed undu option 2 could be impoaed leparately or in various combinations For the lake of analYlh however it would seem preferable to concentrat on the two moat plausible of the poulble courl of action While asuumont 01 plaualbUity ia ot couree subjective a review of U S arm supply policy 1n tho sUbco rent sin e 1965 lugged' that the era of lftClUalilied ea10' 1 over Realistically the polh y-make u tn Washington will probably choo e between -continua tion of the curront mbnso option 3» and aome form • of qualified supply option 2» For clarity and brevity of presentation we will focus more specUically Oft a choice between no upply NS and supply limited to spare parts SLSP I Between 1954 and 1965 the 'U S • supplied Pakistan with arms worth between $700 and $800 million It sold Indl a modest amount of military equipment before 196 and gave lndiaarms worth about $85 mUllon between tho 196Z conniet with China and the 1965 wa r with Paldatan William J Barnde India Pakistan and the Oreat Powors Praager 197Z at 323 MAP grant aid ahlpments of material to Pakistan aDd India terminated in Soptember 1965 Military equipment toNi ID f4T UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 3 - Footnote Z Continued wa ••hip pad to both c' WItde on a ·Itrictly le baail under military upply poli y announced in April 1967 confining lhipments to spare parts lor equipment suppUed under the pre 1965 grant aid program' anel to nOZl-lethal end tteml IUch a commUD 1cationa equipm t cargo vehicle and tran'port drcraft On October I 1970 the usa offered a on•• time actptlon to the pl'oh1bltio on the ul of lethal ma terial of U · S orl la to Pakie an According to OOD t Umony the olfer wa Umlte4 to four types of items armored per onnel cant'f lntercaptol' aircnft eome obsolete Ught bombers and a fow pattol atrcraft Oa ntitieo were apecif ­ cally etated and limltecl to replacement ol lmUar iteme lost th1'cmgh n01'mal wear out and aeC ldent In AptU 1971 the usa basan to impose more vere u rn tatlon Oft deUverle to PaklJtan beginnibg with a prOhibition on the lnuance of new O renewed MunlUon L1et export licenses or ehiprnente from military depot and culminating in late October with the'cancellation of re ltAainlng v aUd Ucen es • On December 3 1971 the usa appUe a total· embargo of mtlltary supply deUveries to India Soth cOUl'ltriee remain u dcr a total embargo on military suppliee Ot at miiltary training is however unaffec ted by·th current policy 1'0J' J'V 7 the DOD proposed grant training for Pakhtan in the amQunt of $2 000 and tor Indla 1n the ·amount ot $Z34 000 See telltlmony of Oenera1 S tsnoU8 H It Appropriati n ommitte Heal'U1 •• April·ll 1972 Part I 759 764 794 Testimony of Oene al Warren H B Appropriations Committee Hearmgs March 24 1971 Part 1 15-16 OONf'lDStflfAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of state Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 ' 1 CONFiDENTIAL 4 • UI U S Foreign Polley A Pakhtan 1 Dl cusalon Neither ptlon will ••tidy Pre'sident Bhutto it he wants to rebuUd hls armed loree with neweC ulpment rather than imply replace pan Hence the 'mmedla e affect of either option may be to diminbb 8orn what the friendly relations we now enjoy wlth the OOP There ia little qUe tioD that the NS policy would be received more unfavorably than tha SLSP course What may become mol' important than the iniUallmpact however are succeeding events affe ed by the polley cho en ' 31 Z Seenarlo- a NS PoUcl' With refusal tQ upply arms U S announces commocUty and fertilizer ioans lor FY 73 American image in Pakhtan suffers a a et aetbac k on rm luue but one of mild intendtyaDd lS'hort duratlon Man on e treel fJtlll remembers Preaidfbnt Nixon's support during '71Indo Pak War With graduaUy improving rolation with India anna auppUee are regarded as desi1 a ble but not critical Presldent Bhutto is able to chann l more lUll a to development progra m on the ground that U S spares arc unavailable In'effect NS policy of usa bacomes in a aenae a scapegoat Cor Pal d'-militariza tion Pak military is bltter but Bhutto and Central Mini ters are privately pleased with outcome b SLSP Pollcy_ The 'U S decblon t9 r surne the supply of epare parts ia accepted in Pakistan II-i lithe least they could do There i8 little approc 1aUon of the decidon a mong the general public but the miUtary desirou8 of nE W hardware regard it as a loot in the door II They expect that the q'SG baving lost its virginity will be hard put to turn down future requeats tor GW equipment ' j Thh Scenario a l'ld thos'e which Eollow are simply deaigneCl to highlight issues tor qlfl« ussion Like tbe assumptions above they nro not pred tlon8 of future evontl I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 - coNl'lDErq ltAh s B 1 Dlscuulon Contlnued 1ndo P k tension II make it inevitable that any USQ poUcy decbion eUecUnl a rm to Pak1stan will eUcit a strong reaction tn N · J elbi Such reactionwlll likely occur in the mid t of Indlan _fiort to improve relations with Waehington Z Scenal'lo a S Policy usa l'ef n to upply mlUtary 'hard· ware to Pakbtan i doly beralcled in dla t a wile decillion Elementll of the Indian QovernmeGt ho eek rapprochement with the Nixon Administration laln upport for thel cause b SLSP Pollcy The US d 'c lsion in t e face of can· tinued arm8 emb o or India i8 widely re lU'ded aa an a£ ront Tho Indian preas bl r 11 eli tinction between supply limited to spare part and unrestrlcted eal Anti-American entim nt I'l u and rapprochement ettort are at lea t temporarily auspe ded At diploma tic level c q ponde ouDt lrll with imilar arms requeot to Wa hington IV Pakistan Foreign Relation A India '1 Oiucuuion Notwlth tandi cg PakJetan' improved relations with India there rema lnl deep u'picion and diatrust between the o nations The threat of a renewed arm race lurks beneath tho surface Z Sc ena rto a NS Policy Pakietan' inability to buy even spare parts from the US pleaaea the Indians strengthening the hand of policy makers wh deeir to reduce India'g dependence on the SO viet Union The decision however prompts nO'immediate change in UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 _--_ - _--------------------- 6 • Indian Supply polley' a8 the Government watches to ee whether Pakistan will find othor iupply eource •• b SLaP Pollcr India uell in the decision a ca pitu latton of the Bhutto Government to the generals and a re ul'gence of Pakittani II m Uital'iem II The limited policy i rega rded' ail only a first step in an American rearmament of Paktltan The pubUc views the arms dec1 1on as a broach of the Simla spirit Both ha wks aDd pro-Soviet of£1cials and leglslatol' l1lndia find grist for their mills ' B China a NS POlicy In the wake of the American decision Pakistan approache China for new ha dware The Chil1Qse le dere profess eternal support for the Pakista ni ul le promise to provide help in the luture but procrastinate 'on the question of deliver ies b SL5P Poll X China is not approached an d Qxhibits no particular unhappines l with the USO'dec illion V Pakistan Domeatic Developments A Political 1 DiScuSllon In the largol' context of Pakilltani polities the USC decision one w y 91' the_other •• would probably have an inaubatanttal f ect More dramatic scenes occupy the local stage' Yet it is important to consider the £tect of the'two options on Mr 13huttols poei'tion in th countfY the role 01 the military establish m0nt and central-proVince relattons z Scenario a NS Poliey Outwa rdly the decision comes as a blow to the Bhutto Oovernn1 nt w lch has patiently deferred its ar 8 reques until after the A erican Presidential election With expecta -CONPl BSNTI A 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 ---------------- ----------_ - I I -' I 0014J'ff EKTJX 7 tiona of usa aupport running high e utto's prestige suffers a m inor wound Yet in lact it is thQ Pak military which lose their dependence upon American mater al is substantial The generals' lose is Ml' abutto's gain The diminishment in tho President's public atatun le mon than aUs fit by hie incre aed internal power 'a-a-via the mlUta y elte bltabment Wltho -lt equipment Bhutto finds it easlor tc achl vG military' manpower cuts Orea ter emphaate is placed on the Ipbi at Simla At'the same time he haa to cQl1tend with lnterll d prouurea to seek nlternativ$ supply sources His reapon' is to turn 0 Chlna with the uns tll£ying result noted above Finally he arranges a meeting with M1'8 9andh1 to propote an arma tee zone for the subcontinent In Pakl tan advocates of incJ'eafJed Provincial autonomy regard a reduction in arms uppOl't of the central armed forces as fortuitou For the Oppoeitton remembering the c ca te1'ror of last year the mlUtary 1 a pote tl l oppressor usa b S P PoUcx Tho deebio-q is l'ogpl'ded a s a minor victory by aoine Be a minor letbaek by others In lthel' caso 'it scarcely aUecta Mr- Bhutto'8' poHtlcal imag at home The' military leaders although hoping for- more a re delighted to see the embargo lifted With aparee to put equipment back into lel'V1ce this yeal' they can look to the lmportation of new commodities from the US later on They ' 6 the decision a8 th' fir- t step in the restoration of the US arms now Internally their hand is stnngthened with the civilian President Thoy feel they can resist his ellort to cut back mifitary porsonnel on the groutld that om one has to operate he reactivated equipment I' Provlnciallead ra gdmace at the thought ot an increasin gly mobile entral atmy B Econorn1c 1 Dbcuulon The economic eflect1l o the supply d ciaion the ma t significant of all Fot in' Pakifftan the scarcity of resource makea gune venue buttor dec ision-maklng a mattol' of vital eonc ern We should therefore c ondder the elfecte of at'ms supply upon Pakbtan'a internal economic priol itios and her abllity to attract foreign aesletance ar 'perhap8 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 _------ __ • ' It 2 Scenario a NS Pollex_ With U S spare U1 aUable and the procurement of new lulpment ela-who e teyond tn e nation's financial capadty the Govo eat boain to 4 -vote increasing pefcentage of it r' OUrC9a to developmeat HolcUl1i hie military a civtsol'l lot bay the President caa relpond to e rl ial exptctatl onl of hi people's con Utuency 1 Some of the oclal prO tUDS of the Bhutto Government beJln to be implem nte Hn 197' J'ontgD aid dono1'8 aro imprtued with Paklatan' eHort and are deUg'bte4 with the reducUon of rhllttary expenditure The country get aood marb and blgher aid plo e at the 1973 Con ortlum meetitll Cn dlt0t nation IS take a more positive view of the forthcomlq debt re'chedulinJl In he Pakbtan bureaucracy enU htened element f 'the planning anc1 development offlces are ancouraeedln their dov lopm'nt «ort A Dew ptrit of optlmhm in development circle b'ilnll to emel' •• an o b SLSP PoUCI The d cllion al'OUIIU anxiety among development-minded Pakbtanil ancfJonlin aid offic iale Does it mean that Pakistan 11 opting tor mQu aun and le butter Is the con frontation with India polley beln rea tted Some recall the President' ominou reference to rtl' VeDse tn his December Convention peech 'n Rawalpindi • Foreign aid donor look with dis£ vor on a Plan which relies on external al8i1tance for mOTe th8 Afty percent of the development budget There 1•• tendency among donora to cut back on commodity ubtanee ' pe-rhap the moat fungible type ot aid on the ground that it providu loreign ••change support for miUtary purchase Pald tant ec onomhU and planner are ciiah artened by the decision and blame the United State for lIar •• puehtns II VI Some Final CommenU The above dlscuuion and ee l'loll lu geat that continuation of our present embargo policy is the preferred course OD balance • the neg tlv 4lflect 01 a re umption 01 arm ealee • veu those limited to 'pare partu- would appear to oUCWelsh the bonefiU limited to a ehort-run poHUeal advantag to the U S in Pakistan Before eoncluding however it may be u eM to examine briefly some ot the conventional wisdom CW on the l'm supply i8l5uel CONFIDBlffb L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 ------- - 1 ------ ---_ - ' ••f CONli'IDEN rLAL_ -9CW We ne d o bolster tbe def naive poaition of Pald tan against pouible atta k from outside tho aubcontlnent • I •• Thb may have been the CalO during the height of the Cold War But the argument is no longer vaUd Not only it the danger of Communist aggre8lion in the ubconttnent lo8l1mmin nt today but history haa shown that the nrmins 01 two hoatU aUie leads to the usa of those weapons against each othel' Moreover Barnda points out the rationale for upplyiDS anne to India and Faklstan lost its appeal as the lol ltl cal coste of the pollcy beume too high after the 1965 war Ii _I ' a CW We have' moral obligation to service with spare parte the military ha rdwa re we provided to·Pakietan in past yeau a To apeak of moral ob lgatlon in lel'vieing goods is to gnore the larger moral question of eellt1'lg arm s to a poo country oepftc ially where there is a atrollB pOSliblUty of their being used against another poor count ry Unleu sales agreem ent or troaty obUgatlonll provide othe rwl e theOOP bu no legal basl to d mand spares In international issues auch at this rule of the ahopkeeper hu no place All of thh is not to deny either the right or practical necessity of Pi kish n to maintain an army In' the modern nation-state armies have become a aeoming attribute of r ovonlgnty Que t1011s of miUtary priol'itiea and arm budgets are for indlvidual governmonts to deeide Yet our poUcie should be desi ned to encourage reduction rather than expansion ot military lorce •• WJUle armies often perform aodal and developmental functions in developing countries fl1C b is not the case in Pakistan where the con tant threa t of confrontation with India h uppeimost Barnds Op CU at 323 CQfiJ ID eWflAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 ---- ----------------- ' _ _ _-- 7· ·- - - - - - - --------- I - IJ- • 1 •• I •••• I' ' I I '1 ' CONUDEWftAL • • • I I • ' 1 0 ' ' ' • ' ' '''' ' ' ' CW V' ' 6 o n1eh tm8 Plfi'Jl 89me o h r lntl'Y wi l ' to ' ' • That ay o maY Ao bi o ' u a e na lp8 suggest presi dent 2hutto may not e'UDhappy wltli al XCUS8 oZ cu'l'taiUng the ambition of hiE g n l'a l EN n q' dela y pr c ur ement could positively affect the ' icvl'lopment c1ecle'o s be J in Pakistan Pakhtah 11M 08t g yel'nm ent8 has Us' d velopm nt-minded ofticlals as well as i I w a W need t lUppo t the former Bui even if Palds tan linds aome other our e we avqid b ing identified with arms te al3ai 'rn y ind UP o l battlefield with another fl'ie dly power made I' ' • c c A Bal'on AD Dp···· - ' ' ' - ·1 °t r ' ' ' • I f ' ' r ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' f ' 't I· ' '- to • I I 0' • •• ' • to t' ' ' ' ' ' • ' _ 'to 'CONFiDoEN'l' AlJ '• • • '0 t ' f • ''' • 1 • ---- l - -- - - - - ----- -' '- - •••• '0 ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472823 Date 01 11 2018 C06416939 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416939 Date 10 11 2017 • _ •• _- - - '-' ····' '· - - ' ' · 1roW 1it -Ylt j · tf ir Departnlent Of State PAG£ UI ORIGIH STATE oer ol ISO-DO IIIFO 1I9la4 STAn 289304 ' _- or s OUTGOING -TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 RAISED IN PARAGRAPH 1 or YOUR MESSAGE 1£ EXPECT SOME or THEil TO aE ADDRESSED AI THE HEXI PRC HTIIIG VAIICE OItY-CO 1003 R DRAFTED BY SIP PRAPLAII 6AlI A PROVED BY SIP AlAKE SIP JGARTEH l URItE - HR AIIDREWS SUBS SIP-OF -oSK I tlHH DESIRED DISTRIBUTIOU SIP DillY' ---·-·------------11 6916 1I51108Z I R OSI41H DEC 71 FM SECSTAIE ASHDC TO AMEMBASSY WARSAII COli FlO E II T I A L SlATE 289304 DISSEIIT CHAIIilEl £ O 116S2 GDS TAGS PO SUSJECT REF IlISSElll CKAIIIIEL MESSAGE AI IIARSAlI 8 6J US AID 10 POtAIiO IB IIARSA I 8119 ICI lARSAII 8192 86 lOLI_ _ _ _ _ _ JIFROIi SIP OIR£CTOR LAKE I 1£ COHNEIID YOUR USE OF TH OISSEln CHAl tlEL UD HAVE REVIE1Il D YOUR rtESSA E REf AI 011 US AID 10 POLAnD IIHltE IT RRIV D TOO LATE FOR COIiSIOERATlOU BEFORE THE 1I0 Ef ­ SER 22 PRC H£ETHIG all POLAUD I IIIlL EIISURE THAT IT IS ItIClUDED III THE BRIEF HG MATERIAL SElIT TO IHE OEPART IElll'S REPRESWTAlIVES AT THE PRC fDLLOII-OIi ME£JIHG IIHICH IS SCHEOUL ED TO DE KELD III EARLY DECEMBER UPOU THE RETURt OF SECRETARY KREPS 2 SY UOII YOU MAY HAVE RHO SIAH 282111 IEXDI 51 HICH SUMMARIZES THE RESOLTS OF THE 1I0VENBER 21 PRe IIEElIII MID REFERS TO rOLLOII-OIl IIORK · YOU ALSO IIAY HAVE SEEII STATE 2H01S 1M UHICH ASSISTAln SECRET ART VEST AHD I IIIDleATED OUR APPRECIATiOIl TO AtIBASSADOR DAVIES fOR THE TIID EXCHlE iT IIARSAII CABLES REFS B AIID CI THEY CDIITRIBUTED SIGlllr ICAlmy TO THe DEPARTIUUi's CDIISIDERA 1011 OF THE I SSUES BEFORE THE PRC AS liE SIAUD OISAGRHMWT EXISTED -- AlID COIITIIIUES TO EXIST -- all SOME OF THE OfTAIUO ISSUES YOUR OISsrJlT MESSAGE DEALS 11TH SOME Of THESE OUTSTAIIUIfIG QUESTIOns - ESPECIAllY THE APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF us ASSIS1AIiCe J 1£ UJlOERSTAHD THE OlfFlCUlT POLISH FIIIAIiCIAL SITUATIOII AllD THE PROBLEI1S THAT Ellsur fROM POLAIID'S IIiEHECTlVE· POLITICO-ECOIIOI1IC SYSTEM SECRETARY KREPS IS SEEKIIIG FURTHER DETAILED IHFORMATIOII 011 THE POLISH ECOUOHY AIIO IIIDEBTEOIIESS TO ASSIST us lJi OUR FURTHER POLICY DElIBERAJlOJ S liE CERTAIIilY 00 1I0T IImllO All HIO£FIIIITE SUBSlDlZArrOH OF THE POLISH Eta lOllY RATHER liE IIllL HAKE HATEYER DECISIOIIS ARt 11ECESSARY BASED 011 OUR 0 111 ECOllOMIC AIIO POLITICAL fllTERESTS IH THE SITUATION THIS IIIIUlO II CLUOE UIHFORCIIIG POLISH efFORTS TO STABILIZE ITS ECOIIOMY IT ALSO lOULD TAHE ACCOUflT OF THE DAtiGERS or IIISTABllITY III EAST CnHRAL EUROPE AfIO THE POLITICAl OBJECTIVES IIHICH rORM THE CORE OF US POL ICY TOIIARO EASTER EUROPE AS OEr I HEO III PO-21 4 1£ SHALL CERTAINLY KEEP IH II UO THE QUESTlO S YOU CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416939 Date 10 11 2017 _ -- -_ - _---- - - --- - - -- - --- ----- -- --- ------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431108 Date 11 13 2017 ' ¥r' ' - - t I@ f - ' Q D PARTMENT OF STATE' P P RELEASE IN PART 86 Washington D C 20S2Q February 18 '1977 CONEIOEMTlhL DISSENT CHANNEL TO INR RAF - 'FILE COpy 1 -------- -- ------ l 4 H1A i ·Dear 1 I I am' replying to yo r letter of February 7 to Mr Lake since he is currently in the Middle East I cart appreciate the time and effort you invested in preparing this paper I have however the same problems' with your latest proposed submission through the Dissent Channel that we had with your earlier o iginal submi·ssion on 'the Polisario Front Your latest paper is not a poJ-icy dissent but an intelligence analysis As you recall we worked with you to help shape' the earlier paper so that it had sufficient policy content to be considered in the Dissent Channel This process led to Mr Bartholomew's letter of February 1 you know the dissent channel is a vehicle for the expression of disagreement on substantive matters It should not and cannot be used for the dissemination of papers being developed in the regular 'course of a bureau's business Under the circumstances it would' not be appropriate to accede to your request for distribution of this paper to the addressees listed in your letter of February 7 ' I am therefore returning the material you sent to Mr Lake Should you have a substc mti'ally new dissent on our policy i the former Spanish Sahara we will be pleased to receive it in the Dissent Channel and accord it full consideration As UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431108 Date 11 13 2017 86 • • • • •_ _ •• 00_ • • _ _ _ ••• _- •• _ •••• _ _• • • • _ _ _____ • • __ _ •• __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431108 Date 11 13 2017 CONFIDEl'lTI DISSENT CHANNEL - 2 - As concerns distribution of your paper to those officers who have expressed n interest in it I· would suggest that you explore th possibility of making copies available to them on an informal basis with the understanding that this ·represents your personal efforts and does not represent an official INR product In my experience such informal sharing of views and ipforrnation is a generally acc pted standard practice in the Department with best wishes Sincerely 1J Nicholas A Veriotes Acting Director Policy Planning Staff P S As concerns uinformal sharing of views I have 'kep't a copy of yqur paper for tne information of officers in SIP who ma·y be ·interested in reading it I will of course ' return this copy if you desire • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2916-07743 Doc No C06431108 Date 11 13 2017 -----'------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431705 Date 12 11 2017 -- --· -- · ' -- -- ' · ' · rr ' ' ' -- l '_ DEPARTMENT OF STA rE Washington O C 20520 IRELEAS IN PART 861 July IS 1977 7 t 1 CON IDEN'l'IAL TO siP - Mr Lake FROM IO LAB - 'O 86 --- -1 _' '- - 1 _- ---I I SUBJECT t r D'issent from Letter to President Carter to Prime Mi ister Callaghan I dissent from the proposed r ply from Pres'ident Carter to Prime Minister Callaghan see Tab A because the letter says we had solid support from the UK and other Western countries and in fact we did not The attached memo Tab B shows that the support received was minimal and only in response to the US threat of withdrawal The British and others know this and will wonder at our sudden gratitude for their solid support when only three weeks ago in Geneva they had to be goaded into even the most pro forma effort and in fact abandoned us in the last hours of the conferen The proposed letter is itself evidence of this situation when it thanks the UK for its solid support but then makes the point that the UK did nothing to give the ILO priority in its own foreign policy We had been urging this action oy t he UK from the time Ambassador· Silberman called on Mr Callaghan then Foreign Minister in early 1976 Therefore for the UK to ask the US to stay in after the UK had been inactive calls for a very different kind of reply I urge that the letter be rewritten to express appreciation only of the UK and other Western votes and then go onto make th e point about lack of other activity ' I would like to add that aside from the fact that we have not had solid support for us to have President Carter state that we did have this support would allow our allies to get off the hook from doing any more in the future since they can point with prid'e to the Presidential statement as proof of the splendid effort they have already made COUFIDEU' FIAb GOS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 y05 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473029 Date 01 11 2018 I ' ' t _- _-- - --_ _- _----------' RELEASE IN PART 86 July 10 1974 86 AID American Embassy Yaounde Dear Mr Fell Lest mail service to Yaounde lag unduly we have sent a telegram today apprising you of the attached response to your Dissent Nessage of June 13 If Mr Hopkins' reply and the attendant regulations do not suffice we hope that you will feel free to contact us further We might for example have the Panel's sub-group in AID address this question as part of its varied substantive and administrative concerns Bob Berg PPC DPRE Room 3938 and Linda Lowenstein ASIA SA Room 6927 are the Co-Directors of the AID Open Forum Panel and would be plea sed to hear from you on this or any o her AID-related matter Yours sincerely Sandy Vogelgesang Chalrperson cc - Mr Hopkins Mr Si·liers Ms Lowenstein Mr Berg UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473029 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476541 Date 01 11 2018 LIM IT ED 0FFie IAL US A 6E IN Dep rt7nen t o f State PAGE 01 OF 04 ORIGIN SIAIE INFO OCT-DO ADS-DO 022316 ES-OI 66011 TEO BY SIP CALL£GROfIE APPROVED DY SIP ---- ·-----------·O bll 2117IJZ Po 2111I1Z AR 02 zrx fH SEeS ATE IIASHoe 'IIIFO Al EUROPE All DIPLOMATIC POSTS na llil TED OtFICIA USE STATE 082376 STATE OTE LIlilTED O'FIClAl USE SOWI G711 01 SSEIIT CHAIIIIEL E D 12 06 A TAGS SUBJECT OISSEflT CHAIIIIH tIESSAGt ATlAIITlC ALlIAflCE SAIICtlOH AIIO ur 6 IHIlED OfFICIAL SE - EllTlRE rrXll I TIllS HESSAGE TRAliSNIlS A 0IS 1I1 CHAIIIIF I VIEyrOJilT OF TilE ORAFTER ODtS 1101 UISH 10 RESIRICT OISTRIBUTlOII Of THIS IJESSMe AHO SUGGESTS DISlRlOUTIOII TO USII4TO us EUROprAll EHBAssr£s ACOA AriD USIS I I 3 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IN PR£NSA AND OTHER ME IA FRUS RATIU ND ANGER AVE 6H Yii 1'0 UNEASINeSS 'WH1CH WAS NURTURED BY efHQ J cNJCERN nV R THE INCR ASING' 5TREN TH OP ITS OPPONENTS $US lCI OUS tHATTH Y WERE RECEIVING OUTSIDE SUPPORT ANti FOREBODINGS'O A ·Q NERA STR II I AND POSS 1 81 ' v I OI ENCE gIN T lot 1 S HOOD THE GON 'OP rED FOR CENSORSHIP AS A SIMPL ·XSTIC SOI UTlON TO' ITS STR·IKE OlfTI'ICUL iUES' AI T HOUGH WE 00 NOT KNOW PREcrSEL Y TO WHAi EXTENT -T-HE GON ANO CRRAT D GER pPo lTlON A t ENERAl SOMo2A I 5 OEClSION COU O HAVE SEEN INFl UENCED BY 'OTHER AT 'THE TIME rORCES WHICH HAVE NEwt-Y EMERGED INCI THE EAI lT 1QUAKE TO P ESS FOR CHANGE wERE BIlGl lNlr G· 'fo ACT FAeTORS PRESENT 'N CONCERl TO SUPPOHT THE STRIKEo THREATS OF vIOLENCE AND r nJ ve ' 'I A n o NUARAGUAN ELEen-ONS WeRE AGAIN PRESENT IN THIS t LECTORAL PERIOD ' I A PRENSA WAS NOT ONLY FANNING THE FLAM S OF THE TRIKE BUT ALSO ATTACKlNG· TA6COS SUCH AS TH PERFORMANCE OF GENERAL SOMOlA -AND TH NATIONAL GUARO POLLOWING THE E4RTHQUAKE ANO THE I EGALITY OF TH FOHTHCOM N LECrION SSASS tNAitON WHICH HlSTORICAI L TH IMPo n ION Of CENSORSH1P WAS P CEIVt D By THt GON AS THE ONLY A TERNAT vE TO US OF ARMED FORCES 10 DEA wITH ANTICIPATED vlnlEN f IN OUH VIEW THE BLEND OF ALL THESE INGREDIENTS UNO R H PRtSSU ES nF THE STRIKE SITUATIONS PRODUCED CENSORSHIP AS IT WAS IMPOSEO CENSORSHIP PROVEO TO 6E A RATHER IMPERFECT IN SOME RESPECTS COUNTERPRODUCTIVE wEP PON SHORTLY AFTER ENSaH3HIP WAS IMPOSED THE STRIKE ENDEO SETTLEMENT OF T E STRIKfl OWEVER9 CAME BECAUSE THE GQN GAVE THE WORKERS WHAT THEY WANT D • THF g li3ARRAS- MENT AND DAMAGING EFFECTS OF Ct N$ORS i P $YRONGL V ST MULATF D THt ON ro seE A UUICK SOLUTION CENSORSHlP ROUGHr LA PREN$A SYMPATHY ANO SUPPORT 60TH AT HOME AND A ROAU ANO GAVE EDrToR CHAMQRRO RENOWN AS A CHAMPION OF FREEDOM OF THE' PRESS IN Nlr ARAGUAl r ON CALLV THIS· MAY ·SERVE OVER iHE LONG RUN fO ENHANCE HAM RRO CENSORSHIP ·ALSO KNOCKEO 'THE PRIVATE SECTOR OFF· THE FENCE IT WAS STRAQO ING DUR1NG TH STRIKE AND FORC€Q lr iO BECOME URL1CLY INVOLVED IN THE SITUATION ANn Q THE fORCES O PlOyEO ·AGAINST THE GOVERNMENT PUR NG THE TRIKE VF RE M NV OF THOSE IOENTIFIEO IN OUR CURRENT CASP AS'EMERGING ANn INCREASINGLY IMPORTANT INFLUEN ES ON POST-EARTHQUAKE NICARAGUAN POI ITICAL ANO eCONOMIC I IFE THEse FORC S W1L CONTINU YO PLAV A GRnW NG ROlt ANO IF rH GON IS 'TO PEA EFULI 'f INCORPO ' 'f' THEM NrO UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 ' UN LASSIFIE U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 ' D partme1tt r ' tate TELEGRAM dr eiHl F 8 i 1 Ttl' PAn 0 MANA U 01906 01 OP 0 · 151524Z THP' ReCONSTRUCT ON NO OeVE OPMENr PRJ ESS IT MU T DEMONSfRATE· MORE F Xt6I TY AND WILLINGN SS TO COMPROMISE LESS il NESS to EMP OY nRASTIC NE4SUHES ENn SU MARY IN EXb MINING THE IMPOSOTION OF CENSORSHIP ONE MUST· TAK 4 HARD LOnK AT THE POSITIONS OF THE OPPOSING FORCES IN THE HOSPITA SlRtKE ArTER N ARLY IGHT WEEKS OF BITTER CONrRONTATION WH N THE GON MAD tTR APRIL 24 CENSORSHIP DECISION • Aa THE bON Q- THE GONIS INITIAL RfSPONeE 10 THE STRIKE WHICH WAS TO DECLARE IT lL EGA ANO HA ECOM AL ST TOM_TIC ThE STRIKERS SACK TO DRK HEN THIS FALLEn THE GON ENTERED wITH AN OFFEH UF A 10 PEkCENT INCREASE WHICH It UPPED TO 15 PtRCENi DURING THE THIRO WEEKa BELIEVING THt ST IKE Sj Rn A NE OTIAlI0 S n 'AI'JC S TO ElE EXCESSIVE UNwIL L'ING TO GO FURTHER DESPITE INDICATIONS THAT 25 PtRcE T MIGHT 00 THE TRICK AND APPARENTLY FE LINij· tHAT TIME wAS UN IT SlOE THE GON DUG IN TO IN THE STRIKE ON IT$ TERMS ANn THE a iTLt WAS JOINED FO FOUR W EKS NO REAL NEGOTIATIONS TonK PU CE DUR1NG THIS TIME THE u jN COMMlTTEO ALMOST AI L· O lTS· 8tHJFI lEtiT 1 Ai 'If UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 j i· Department of State TELEGRAM se IF SitlT 1 Ab MANAGU PAnE 01 019015 02' OF 03 51 05 151 S58Z 42 ACTION· SP·1 I3· Ill' i·5t4 0l MAY 14 FM AMEH6ASSY MANAGUA 1 0 SECSTAT WASHOe 4142' e R 'F 1 e E II T I A Dl SEN'T ' t SECTION 2 Or 3 MANAGUA 1906 'CHANNt L AN ATTEMPT TO Fl L THE BREECH AND THIS 'AILED TOYED WITH VAR10US SCHEMES· FOR CRE'TING MEnlCAI MANPOWER RESOURCES IN WH N AODnONAL nINSTANT' MEDICAL' PERSONNEL TO' PERMANENTLY RE PLACe T'HE ALSO CARRtED THE tSSUE NTD HIS PD lTCAL eAMPAIGN DENOUNCING THE STRIKERS AND THREATENING THEM WITH i oss OFI THEIR· JOBS ·AND L'lCENSES IF'lHEY DID NOT GIVE· tN AS· THe 1 16ERAI i PARTY CONVENTION APPRQACH O AND THESE TACTICS HAD BROUGHT' NO RESU TS ·T H'-l ION ON APRtl 2A ONCE AGAIN TRIED NEGOTIATIONS AND 'INCREASED ITS 'OFFER To 20 PERCENT ALTHOUGH THE' OF'F ER' WAS NOT' ACCEPTED IT BRnUGHT··THE TWO PARTIES V RY Cl OSE TO A NEGOTIATED ·80'UTION · ANO· THE 'PINAL' Se rTLEHENT e v ENTUALI ¥ PROVED 'THE GON ·HOWEVER F EL T 'THAT' iT HAO OONf · ITS BEST AND WOULD ·GO NO FURTHER FRUSTRATEO· ' 'T THE NJRANSIGENCE OF THE $TRIKERS AND ns P AJ lENCE WORN THIN ·ijV THE' PRO ONGED CONFRONT AUON THE GDN soUt HT OUT HER· MEANS 1-0 BRING 'A8nUT A SO uT10N 8TRIKERS GENERAL SOMOZ i B' THE S 'I'R·tKERS •• ' THE· STRIKERS' ·8T MU'iD' F ROM A F AIRl WEAK AI f HOUGH' IHOSPl Ti L' SAl-ARIES WERE L OW AND INF I ATIONARY PRF SSURES HIGH ABOUT HALF OF 1H WORKERS' 010 NO r JOl'N lIHg ifRlKE 'TH ' STRIKERS jtjERE INTIAI LY GOING rr ALONE RATHER THAN··F OL L O aNG'·IN 'HI WAK OF A ·POWfRFYI ·CCNSTRUCTfON WORKERS I StAAS · STRIKE AS · N THEIR l AST WA KOUT ' AND· ' -EW CDUL D IiAVE ENJOY ED THE ·PRDSp e CT ·OF _ A LONG' 1 088 OF· PAY SO SOO N AFTER THEIR EXTENDEO STR11 IN-·MI0 trni ·PO IT tON H ' STR1KER8 OWE ER WERE· N T WI HOUT A$SErS • T EY eNJOYEb FA RLV WIDESPREAD PUBLIC· SYMPA'HV ANO'UND R ON PRESSU E 'MEY ACI1UIREO AN ALL' IMPORTANT DO OR OIE OETERMINATION THEV ALSO· HAO AI LU Ij THE' SOCIA · CHRIS TIANS F RDVID O THEM VAI UA8LE l 'EGAL ANO NEnCTUTlNG' ASSISTANCE AND THE CHRISTIAN' O MOCRAnC· ORIENt O eerJF BeU' lAb 111' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Dep rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 • • •• c ' Department of State '41 'l' s TELEGRAM o'e • 'PARE 02 - I1ANAGU 01'908 '02' Of' 'l 1 51' 558Z tNSTtTUTE FOR fHUMAN PROMbTtON lNPRHU URNJSHEO THEM A H AD ­ U R rE·RS AI TEM ToHEi-GOVERNMENT EVICfED THEM FROM f H HOSP-ITACS LA 'PRENSA ·AND SOME 'PDPULAR RADlO STAT tONS GAV THf M A SYMPAt HE Tlt ORU M WHICH WA'S ONEi -Pf'i THEXRdtOST 'Ef'P ECTIV£e WE APONS IN AS$AUl ITrNG ·TH£'·GQN· iPOS1TION AS' THE -STR'If E lWOR ·ON ·AND B cAME A MORE'· BITTER ANn' DIRECT CDNF RDN U·n ON WITH GENERAL' SOMQZ'A THESE ASSETS· H CR AS D • 8C AAS EXP ANDED · I tS SUP QR11 R AI 81 N CONS IDER AtlL FUNDS ' FOR THE ' STRIKERS 'PROHU tNlhS·yMp AT HY · S r 'U K S ANO' Vt N F ORMtNG ' AN UNPRECEDENTED ·A·LL1 AN·Ct 'Wl·TH ' SO C tAL I· CHIU 51 1 AN Rr VAL CTN fO ·COORDlNAT E ·$UPP QRT oF TMf FFQR11' 'THE' STUDENTS OlD ·THEIR eu lO' HELP RATS FUNDS' AND STA QE·O·'P U8L1C ·SUP P ORT OEI 40NSTRATIONS THE CHURCH SEelTOFl DBV· OUSl V ··Wl 8Hi'D ' 'T O sr A'V e·I EAR OF THE SfR·tKE· ALtHOUGH SOME MEMBERS··F lIU·VAlE·L t I PR· S SED S¥·M AT'H WITH THE 06JEC rrvES OFi 'THE ST lKER ·A·NO· ·REPOR r ·EDI · SUR REP I' lT l'OUSI V SLlPpe D FUNDS TO 'THEM l NnER PRESSURE F·R OM LABOR BWr' UNWILl tNG' TO· OFFEND tHE ·GOVERNMENT PR'f'VATE ·SECTDR 'ORGAN-lZATI0NS' IHTHHELO' PUBL 'IC SUPPORT FROM BO rH SIDES 'THI'''STR'lKERS I CAMP ALSO ·BECAME THE NATURA REFUGE FOR 'POL'ITICAL GRnuPS OPPOSED TO SOMOZA ·AND EV EN THE ·pAGUAGA CONVSERVATIVj S SSU D A WEAI 'STAT MENT' WHICH COULO 'BE CONSTRUED AS SUPPORTING ·THF M· LA PRENSA FOR ITS PART CONTINUEO TO DRAMATtZE THE' PRoaLEM ANn' TO· 'OEFEND ·f·HE WORKERS ' pouno WITH AL I OF THIS BACI ING· THE ·STR'IKERS NATURALLY ·010 NOT l ACK· 'O FUNDS TO SUBSIST ANO HOL O OUT WH rHER' AN ALL EGEO -ARGE 80C'UI CHRISTtAN 'CONTRIBUTION THROUGH tNPRHU WAS· ACTUAl l rY 'USEO TO SijPPORT TH STRIKE ·HAS NOT BEEN-'PROVEN' HOWEV ER IF' IT O lD·aXISl If IS' DIFFtCUL T· TO RATE IT ·AS DEC1SIVE ·GIVEN A' rrs ·THr ' AVA ILABI LITV Ol OTHERi saURcEs THE IMPORT ANT ·P OINT 18 1 11 AT THE ' STRl·J ERS HAD ADEQUATE SUPPORT TO ·HOL O OUT' ANO THEl STREN TFI WAS ··T ENDING'·TO INCREASE AS··THE STRIK ' PROGRESSED THUS 01'4 APR'lL 24 '''H Y WERE N·A POSITION·'TO RE U8 ··T HE· GON 1·5 20 PERCENT OFFER ANO eONT i NU _ RESl'STANCi· UNTIL THE GO V ERNMENl 'MET THE1R TERMS 8 GIVEN THIS 'POSITION OF FORCES ON APRILI·24 ONE CAN UNDERS1ANO ''I'HF · ·GON' S CONCERN OVER THE ·SnUArlON· CONFRONTING' l Y' TH V IC rOR't WH· CH IT· SOUGHT WA S BEING' DENIED INSTEAD THE' TRIK WAS SPREADING 'TO ·OTHER· SEC rORS POSING· Tj E ·THR AT· 'OF 8URGEONING INTO A GENERA 8TRIKE fHE' CONFRONTATION HAS BECOME A RAL LYING POINT·FOR THE VARIED O PPONEN TS OF ·GENERAL SOMO A AS THEV ENTHUSIASnCA L y ' MRRACEO THIS 'COMMON CAUSa AND IT HAD EVeN AROUSED TRAOtTtONAL ·P EARS' OF1·1l0U'f 810 'SUPPORT I THE GON I HA VING· BEEN FORCED YO i IVE eaUP IeH r 1 4 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 U CLA SIFI D U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 TELEGRAM Department of State __'_ IJ _ _______________________________________________________________ eeN eeNT1 PAr E 01 MANAGU 01906- 03 OF· 03 5063 1 1184 Z '42 ACTION SP-03 • •••••••••••••••••••• R 151-4230% MAV'74 FM AMEMBASSV MANAGUA TO SECSTATE' WASHDe 4143 'e H F ' 1 SENT r e H T A L 'SECTtON 3 OF 3 MANAGUA 1906 CHANNEl GIl E THE WORKERS WHAT THEY WQNTED CAS n EVENTUALI 01'0 THE ENIJ OF STRIKE WAS A FOREGONE CONCLUSION WE BEI-·lEVE FOUR IMPoR rANT nTHER CONSIDER AnONS IN THE GON I S DECISION TO IMPOSE CENSCRSHIP ''''1'1'-' WERE THE FOI LOWINGI - AD THE GON AND GENERAl SOMOZA ARE OPERATING' PRPEN AMBlENCt WHICH THEV MUST MEET THE HEAVY REQUIREMENTS OF RECONsr UCflON WH I · SIMUl TANEOUSLY OEALING wnH NEW FORCES· WHiCH ARE- EMERGING 'ON A BROAD FRONT TO PRE S THE'lR DEMANOS • THESE· FORC S we RE SEG· NNING· TO ACT TO· AN ExtENT 1'N CONCERT' T O ·SUPP ORT THE STRIKE RY DENYING tHESE FORCES- ACCESS TO IN ORMAtION REGAROING TAE-STRIKE ENSORS tP COULD HAVE BEEN VtiWEO A8 A WA9 ·OF SHORT· C1RCU1T1NG' 'conRDINATlON AMONG 8CATTEREO ·ST RIKE ·SUPPORTER ' N B' THE UNHEST' AND THREATS OF VI-OLENeE· AND ASSASSINATION WHtCH IH TORICAL LY HAVE PI AGUED' Nl CARAGUAN ELECTIONS· I RE AGAIN ·PRE SENT AS · HF SEPTfMBER H ' 4 CONTEST APPROACHES GENERAL 'fSDHOZA I S - 'T lnHTENlNG OF' HIS AL READY STRI NGENT' SECUR ITV MEASURES 'AND SECI oUS I ON N A aUI LETPROOF GLASS 'BOOTA AT ·PU81 1C RAI IES ARE HANl'l'ESTAiIONS OF THF DEGREE · OF -HIS CONCERN •• fHE CENSORSHIP COUL O· H VE e-EEN - A DTH R P e NSA AI WAY·S A THORN IN SOMOlA'S SIDE WAS· PRiSSlNG VF N OEEPER NOT ONL V FANNING tHE STRIKE FLAMES BUT AI 80 ATTACKING AROOS ·SUCH AS THE 'PERFORMANCE ·OF THE GUARD· AND SOMOlA FOI LOW lNG HF ARTHQUAl t AND THE I EGAl lTV OF THE FORTHCOMING ELECTIONS THE r E SORSHIP COULO HAVE HAC eONS OER A8LE APPEAL- AS A IfAY TO WREA'K VE GEANCEON PUBI ISHER CHAMORRO ANO HOPEFUI LYTEACH HIM A LES ON • 'C' loA RV __ __ ' ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 Department of State PAAE 0 ' MANAGIJ H906 ·0 · TElEGRAM OF 03 ' 151842Z ' ·SINCE H S ACCESSION TO POWER 'IN J98' GENiRAL SOMOZA HAS AND PRIDEFULLY AVOtO O THE ·USE· OF O C 'TOhOEAL WITH· DOMESnC· PROBL-EMS HE FULI ·V··REAI IzeS· THEj·POTENTIAI O MAGE 'tHIS COIII D MEAN FOR NICARAGUA ANO· HIS ·PERSONAI · REPUJATION If' HE ' HAO' COME TO 'VIEW'FORCE AS H1S ONL OTHER AL1ERNATIVi' TO CONTROL THE ITUATrON HE WOUL D UNDERSTANDA8LV ·CHOOSE CENSORSHIP eONSC10US Y ANALY lS 'OF THE GON I S· lMPOUTION OF MEDIA t' ENSORSH P WHICH SYNTHE81'ZES REPORTlNG' tN NUMEROUS' Mf SSAijES nVF R THE PAST ·F EW MONTHS ·PORTRAV S 'THE · iON AS CONFRONTING' A OMPLEX 'ECONOHrC ANO 'POL TrCALI p BLEM ·UNOER OIF lCULT r lRCUMSTANCeS IT DEPICTS TI11 F A L URE OF THE JON TO 'R£SOI VE 'THE STRIKE PROBI EM THROUGHT 'TRADITIONAL 'eARI O-T ANQ ·STlCKMETHOI S • THtS FAILURE PRODUCED A FROWING' F RUSTRATION WlT HIN THE··GOVERNMENT WHICH PROS ABLY DISTORTED ITS· PRECEPT tON OF THe SlRIKE'SlTUATI0N TO' THF P J N1 OF VISUAL'IZING IT AS·A SERIOUS· THREAT TO THE ONI ' POSITION 8' THE FOREGO'ING HOWEVER' THE ANALYSIS AI SO· REVEALS OTHER CONSID RATlONS WEIGHTING ON THE GON Tl'IUS WHl E· CENSORSHt COULO HAV BEEN EMBRACED- AS A stM L ISTle SOLUTION TO THE STRi E IT OFFERED THE ADD O ATTRAC ION nF SERVING ·OTHER PRUPOSES AS NOTED PARA 7 VIEWED IN THl'S I IGHT 'TO SE· A LESS THAN·7P ERJiiECT POSSIBL 'CUUNTERrJ' 1HF-' CENSORSHIP PROVED PRnOUCTl VE' WEAPON g THE ·CENSORSHIP AS IMPLEMENTED CONTRIBUTEO TO SETTL MENT c MUST HAVE'·INTENDED ·'HAVING ·'r H ·sTRIKe f BUT HARD Y HAS··THE ·GON HOT STED ITSELF ON THE EMBARRASSING AND DAMAGINS P ETARO OP· CENSOR SHT P THf • GON WAS FORCED'TO S EK ·QUIet 'RE80LU rION' OF T HE'STRiKe AS·A WAY DOWN THE · GON THEEFORE' PROMPTLY RE1URNED 'TO THE ' NEAOTIAT NG TAB E TO OP'FER THE STRfKERS ·MORE 'L'ISERAL T ERMS SlNCE 'f HP SE' MEr TH ' STRIKERS·' KNOWN MINIMUM -DEMANDS A 8ETT CEMfNT WAR'IMMEDIATELY FORTHCOMING Al rHOUGH ·HERE· IS NO INDICATlDN ·T HA 'THE 'CENSORSHIP SERVED TO BENO ·T·HE STR·IKiRS IT 010 SERY·lhAS A eONVENUNT PACE-SAVINGi DEVICE' F OR 'TH GON'S' CAPlTULATlON ' 10 ' IRONICAL LY 'THE GON' S US OF CENSORSHIP AS AN EXP EOIENT TO nEAL W1TH ITS ADVERSARIES PARTICUARLV LA PRENSAtS CHAMO RO IN TH ' SHORT RUN MAV SERVE' TO STRENGTHEN THEM IN THE LONG HUN ·tHE eENSORSH P BROUGHT LA PRENSA FAXR V BROAD SYMPATHy AND SUPPORT eD'H AT HOME AND ABROAD- WHICH MAY 'PROVIDE THE NEW$PA R ' • c g ll ' SIWfl At UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 TELEGRAM Department of State 'PAt E 03 HANAGU 01906 0 5 OF 03' l 518e12Z ALPEAOY NICARAGUAtS LARGEST AND HOST POPU AR AN OPPORTUNITY TO 'ENIo4ANCE ITS' OOMINAN'T MEOlA POStTl QN THE CENSOR l'llfl A$ eMp L EMENTED' AL SO GAyE A 'Rf NOWN TO 'CHAMORRO· AS A CHAM ION OF FREEDOM OF THe 'PRESS IN' NICARAGUA WHICH MAY SERVE to eNHANC HIR STATURE AND MAI E HIM AN EVEN'SOL DER OPPONENT U ' ADDING TO 'THE IRONY IMPOSXTtONOF 'THE CENSORSHIP Al SO 8 R'IEO TO KNnCK THE PRIYATE SECTOR ·OFF· THE 'FENCE IT WAS ATTEMPl ING TO·STRADDLE WH I E THE PRIVATE SECTOR H' D SEEN ABLE TO AVOID OPEN INVOL VEHENT N THE STRIKi IT COU O NOT EVAOt THE ISSUE OF CENSORSHip WHICH D1RECTLY AFFECTED XTS OWN ECONOMIC INTERESToS INVERVENING ON BEHAl F FLA PRENSA AS' A MEMSERF lRM THE C HAHBE OF INDUSTRIES CAD1N TH MINIST R' OF OVERNMENT' TO PERMIT ITS OPERATXdNi PRENSA'S CLAIM 1HAT' HE C NSORSHIP WAS OAMA ING THE NEWSPAP ER AS WELL' AS TH COMMERCI AL' AND XNDUSTRI AI · SECTOR IN GENERAL THE PRIVATf ' SEcrOR DEVEL OPMENT INSnUTE ONOE SE OND O THIS PPEAL WITH' ITS BUSINESS AT A S1 ANDSTILL THE CHAM8ER OF CONSTRUeTION AL SO REPORT OL PROMOSEO TO APPROACH THE GO ERNMENT 'TO iOFF ER ITS ·GOOD OFFtCC S ' PETITIONED NO lNG A 1 '2 ' T HE GON' s RESORT TO CENSORSHIP CAME A A RESUL T O LlTS po ULURE' 'TO 'ANDLE' THE STRIKE'lSnUAION BY I ESS 'DRASTIC MEANS tHE FORCES DEP OlED AGAINSJ THE' GOVERNHENT DURING THE STR1K£ ERE' ·MANy OF THOSE' IOENTIF IEO IN OUR1 CURRENT CASP' AS EMERG'ING ANO ' INFLUENCES'·O POS' EARTHQUAKE NICARA UAN 'POU·tCA AND t ONOMIC 'LIFE 'THESE' FAtTORS WILL CON1nlUE '·TO IP L V A RROi'4ING ROl t AND 'IF' THE GON' IS TO 'PEAC F ULL ' INCORPORAtE-'THEM N O' T HE' RECONSTRUCltON AND DEVELOP HENT' 'P ROCE8SES ·MAKE·' THEM ITS PARTNERS 'RATHER ·tHAN ITS ANTAGONIStS •• IT MUST DEMONSTRATE GAEATER F f l B L ny AND tMAG' NATION'THAT IT''SHOWEO OURING THE HOSPT lM · 'XNeRE SINGLY IMPORTANT Sr l E CONFRONTATION ' RESUMING' rHAT THE 'GOVERNMENT'WIL L E RN 'FinM HIS EXPI R ENC ' IT'' SHOULD NOT ALLOW FU rURE' STRUGGLES'IOVER wAt E lNCREASEa TO E·SCAl ATE TO ''TlHU EVEL · INSTEAD IT SHQULoD' REt A N SOME' OF ns FORMER Fl'NESSE AND ADOPT A' MO E l 'I6 RA ANO FORTHCOMING ATTITUDE TOWARD FUT-URt OEMANDS· FROM LABOR AND ·OTHERS PRFlSS1NG' FOR CHANGE'• WARNER NOTE BY Oe T ADDITIONAL DISTRIBurION p m MS VOGELGESANG I ' ft __ __ a UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980107 Date 09 12 2017 Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No C17980168 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED - p- z DEPARTMENT OF STATE w •• ' I jpsfJ 11 pebruary 3 1975· 86 USAID Laos Dear I'---___ 86 I am writing at the request of the Secretary in response to your letter of December 3 to him in 'V rhich you expressed your dissenting views w i th regard to US-Thai official relations Your letter has been read with a great deal of interest Nost of the comments and observations have received careful consideration there is no fUIldamental disagreement with your basic recooonendations The Department shares the view that negotiations with the Royal Thai Government RTG must be conducted in a business-like manner In this regard ·I would like to emphasize we have never taken the position that unless we do every-thing the RTG rants they will throw us out but in the conduct of our relations with Thailand it bas been necessary on occasion to recognize certain political and social realities which exist and require an accommodating policy • Our dealings with ·the Express Transport Organization ETO provide an illustrative example of the problems we confront in Thailand As you know ETO is a governrnentsponsored operation with monopoly privileges in certain categories of land transporta·tion inclu-ding sale right to haul US GoveFnrnent freight Unfortuna e y we have incurred extra costs' as a result of' our inability to contract with any trucking firm otl1er than the ETO w· do not like to pay these extra costs and have made our disapproval known to the RTG We have had to weigh the actual financial costs we incur' against the potential political and other costs whiqh might be involved in seeking to forc removal of ETO's excess charges To date the conclusion has been that the latter far exceeds the former However we will--without identifying the source of our information--investiga e the discrepancy which you indicate exists betvleen what USAID Laos pays QQfJi'if Q19NlPliY5 GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980168 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980168 ate 0 12 2017 4 ••• - eotjF I eDt 'flh EJ -2- and hat the us military pays ETO for the same service over th e same route -You may be sure that efforts will be undertaken to bring the latter into conformity with the USAID Laos rate if circumstances do warrant such action You also mentioned as a second example of how to deal ith the RTG the successful negotiations of USAID Laos in obtaining a Thai waiver of its export premium and taxes on US shipments of Thai rice in support of our program in Laos We agree that this is an example of effective negotiation and we will call it to the Embassy's ttention as a useful precedent Again I wish to thank you on the _Secretary's behalf for your initiative in bringing these matters to our attention • It is throu gh such aGt ions that a stronger and more self-reliant- foreign service can be created Sincerely f JWinston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff eOIlFIBflN' PVib UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980168 Date 09 12 2017 - J U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415443 Date 10 11 2017 • co 641544 3 IED PAH 1 or 11 SUI CIIClA IO-H I I ro RELEASE IN FULL 111m 00- 1 a-Oi UfHD Ue JUlllllt L1 1 ItA-II • J L iDtAfll IOUfT HfEC CISI IBI1TIC U C1k I£lI' '17 t I FD I pre ru Hll THG Hal ---·-------····---6I1itS CHH6 IH H ACliOIl II li CH'C 2 AC lt H1 13121'11 loll 11 rll SlCSliT hlSMOC 10 l tll lSH· n Sl IDOIf KO'Hrt 'Gr IC l T Il t v IQrl' 1 SH41 IntrE S rooD U ftUJOllloa or HOII O fllllllCI' G 1I C1H i hTtrla S llYU I A SII·lI lnTN trrc H 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S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415443 l tLf Ul Hlll Departmellt Of lafe - -- $' D1J lJ Ill SlIIIU g rur DI tOL1 'ORElllS IU 'Sl __ - - - riOUl 'Hut n H _M-M---UU U1 n l Ul lD l1 - 11 U lell n ul1 lU _ CHUUlIl ___ IO Al - OLI' --Ulli _ DO t lICU _ -l rIlHlt -- rlU --11 Sl'a I 0 III i n OLI IA I -- U 11 __ OUDU n ••If sua IOUL U IOll l • •• Ulll gltlutUA ' P1 SV IOIlL • 10' VLL HoSl U'POi1 HO tt coulIll1 i a 1J n 8 A D H' 271 •• D H DO ' '' IOtAl 11 22 U --- ·t· · ' c I A I o o D I Y - _ _ _ _ • _ C ' m H 41t n n 111 JS 111 lSi IH m H n 1n nit ' I •• •1 ' •• I 1 I - 1 •• II i ' I I - r ' - Ul CLAS S1FlEO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07X1 'p c No C06415443 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445746 Date 12 11 2017 - ----- iRELEASE IN PART B I ISO-00 CIAE-00 DODE-00 PM-03 H-02 IRR-07 NSC-05 PA- l 'PRS-01 SP-02 8S-15 USIA-06 OMB-01 TRSE-e10 12 W ------ 125842 -------- -_ 190515Z·JUL 75 A F MBASSY ViENTIANE AMEMBASSY ANG OK PRIORITY o SECSTATE W SRDC 4832 CHJUSMAGTHAI USDAO UDORI A VIE1 TIAln 4897 GKO AtS 0 FOR_ T FOR RAMSEY L U '- 'A -I '-D7'iL 'A O 'S-·- - - - - - - ' • U 652 GDS 1 S fJ ASS 'P OR US LA J MILITARY RICE FOR LAOS VIENTIAltE 4 72121 WF- M Y NOT HAVE CONVEYED THE STILL VERY TENSE AND UNCERTAIN IATUION IN WHICR WE FIND OURSELVIS TWO EMBASSY COMPOUNDS IUIN OCCUPIED AN BCIPIENT THREAT FROM ROYAL AlR L40 PLOYIES PRECLUDES USE OF U S AIRCRAFT IMPLICATIONS OF D CUT-OFF ARE EGINNING TO BE FELT AT SAME TIME AS REALTIO IS D W lNn THAT THERE MAY PE NO FUTURE AID THERE ARE IiIOUS FOO ' SP 011 'rAGES ACCORDING TO veA ND BBC OS HAS' KED FOR $la MILLION IN FOOD AID FROM U S THE CHARGE·IN CIAL ORDER IS PROCEEDING ITH ATTENDANT WIDESPREAD A11 AND UNCERTAINTY AMONG LAO ' IN THIS CONTEXT DELIVERIES OJ RICI ARE NOT A TECHCAL PRO LEM WE RAVE COMMITTED OURSELVES FOR JULY ' TO iLAY rUR HER OR MORE SERIOUSLY TO' CANCEL OUT COULD ' fRJYl El IAl tNi'IlUllt'fIAL I ' ' f 1 GE 212 VllNTI 04897 190614Z VE ROAD RtPERCUSS ONS IT WOULD GIVE A PALPABL ISSUE _ tPF TO AT ACK US IN WHATEVER WAY THEY CHOSE AND ON TRIS E TREY WOULD HAVE R0AD POPULAR SU PORT THE IMAGE OJ AMERICAN U LE-DEALING AT A TIME WHEN LPF ARE CA RYING RESPONSIBILITY R DETERIORATING SITUATION COULD SHIFT PART OF THIS SPORSI tLiTY TO US AND WOULD CERTAINLY NOT IMPROVE R CHANCES OF M41NTAIRING TRIS MlSSION NOR OSE OF INSURING THE SECURITY or ITS PERSONNEL B Pfo'A N • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445746 Date 12 11 2017 I ·86 I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016·07743 Doc No C06472737 Date 01 11 2018 -' _ - - - - - FORM DS 322 OCR IRELEASE IN FULL - '0 I1_ I -- I IMITED OffICIAL-uStcvsS'FK ATIOIJ I 'iN - - S C RRPtTERSON NA 1 IEl 1 T S P C UICARGO - V''-- $IGNATtlRE - - - PE'CIAL CH lRGH 'i 2b 72IcX22'i72 _ _ _ I OJG - -- '''''-- - - NAME SIS J'P' • CAft'l ES-- - AME -r G R'-BlACKBUHN CLEARANCES Ot N CLEARANces ____ __ -------_ 1__ -- n - _ - - - -- ---'--' ---- -------I -- lit t - fR' 81 II ' - -- 0 - - _ _ fvr H 'iJ' - _ ----- 'C 'O 'DISSEtn CHANNEL-- - '- ' __ - __ ' ___ • __ _ _ _ __ - ri ---- - l t OUSh4 - - i lr C'l l ' --a - b ' QP 4 _ - MBABAt E _ I - - J -- J INITIAlS --WIC _ 1 RRP fll SUBJ DISSENT MESSAGE fROM BtMBABANE ON EXECUTIVE ORDER 11636 REF -- - _ - fROM »IRECTOR-S PC- - -_ - ' - - - - - -- j- - £ ff ·X011£ B NS ___ I R 161 1 3 THIS CABLE ACKNOULEDCES RECEIPT Of YOUR J lSSEtlT CHANNEL MESSAGE CONTAI ED IN MBABANE b1' THE VIEWS EXPRESSED IN THIS ESSAGE WILL RECEIVE FULL ATTENTION IN· THE DEPARTMENT INITIAL DISTRIBUTION Of THIS TELEGRAM HAS aEEN MADE TO THE ACTING SECRETARY THE U DER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AffAIRS THE DEPUTY U DER SECRETARY fOR MANAGEMENT THE COUNSELOR THE DIRECTOR GENERAL Of THE FOREIGN SERVICE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR AFRICAN AFfAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL s 6 e A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY TO RtFrEl WILL BE SEt4T FOLLOWING DEPARTMENTAL DISCUSSIONS yy 2 6 S • '3 I 0 -' - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06472737 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472737 Date 01 11 2018 0 MR STATE --- ----- --- I' -- --- -------- -'- I j 'K 1 -- --o-T -- -I_e sc ' jIl lN _TUIlll _-- 'l · to' -A LIt1ITED Of F ICIAL USE I - Ci AS IFICArlC'''l PK Al C ' ROE I DG E ADIAHANTI S 1_ 1 £ la f r 2 72 £xT 22al -M DG k10HAL l IAME 'DGiE't1 TRBYRNE S PC lIIICAR 01 NA E S PC RPETERSON EAR A NeE S 6 ClEARANCFS p 7_ -_ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ l _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- J -- ----I ____ ________________ _- I' r E 'k fj 'f iiii' _tl·o'f ----J 'R'OUTINE-i---f -l-cf O XriBABANE - - -• - ' - · i7·· ·-'-- SUB- r - OBJECTIONTOEXCCuSiON fR OM REPRESENTATIONELt-c'fIO'N FROM DIRECTOR SIPC REf l A-923S 2 MBABANE 1b19 WE APPRECIATE YOUR VIE S CONCERNING YOUR DISENFRANCHISEMENT BUT REf AIRGRAM STATEMENT OU AGREEMENT OF ALL PARTIES WAS BASED ON THE FACT THAT E O 11 3b CLEARLY EXCLUDED CHIEfS Of MISSION AND PRINCIPALS' OffICERS UNDER SECTION -- - _ - TR I _ _ _ RP HIC iJJJ L I Iiiir ii i liiiP' -- i 4 € EEl E3l APJB DEPUTY CIlIEF Gr 155 2 C 3 AND DEPUTY CHIEFS Of MISSION UNDER SECTION 2 C THE ONLY DISCRtTIONARY AGREEMENT OF THE PARTIES CONCERNED PRINCIPAL ADMIHISTRATIVE OFfICERS COMMISSION HAS SINCE ADDED PRINCIPAL PERSONNEL OFFICERS TO EXCLUDED LIST YY 6 e 6 $ 4 J 2 1 o ' ' L - - ' ' - - - _ •• - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472737 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473803 Date 01 11 2018 -- - ------------ ------ ---------------- ------- RELEASE IN PART 86 Departn en tof • t· _ ' State - fOM IoeNT1A 1260 PAAE 01 'R0 PRETOR 028157 28154 5Z ' •• AC'i'lON SP· NFQ OCT·1 l1 '''81509% JUN 'FM AMEM8ASSY £S 02' • • • 008 W '4 PRETORIA 011781 '0 SEeST4T WASHoe· 0138 - 'IN' O USIA WASHoe· e n N leE NT A L' PRETORIA 285' F 11652i GOS 'T At S i 'O CX SF URJI DISSENT MESSAGE DIASENT CHANNEL B PRETORIA 2781' ·REF CA PRETORIA 26831 -8r TE' F'OR I AF CU AF· ' '0 ush FOR' UA ·i • THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS A· D SSENTING VIEW U8HXTTEg BY 1 -_ _ _ _ _ _ _----'i CAD Q 86 D NIH SHOULD BE REQUIRED AS MATTER OF PUB IC· PO ICY 'TO SHOW T AT 'PO TooeTORAL FE LOWSHIPS DESCRIBED IN REFTEL · A AWARDED WITHOUT A IAL· DISCR MINATION RACIAL COMPOSITION OF S L CTION 'COMM TTEE OAIT1VE L AcrA PROOF THEIR EFFORTS MAKE AWARE SCIENTISTS 'd UPS AVAILABILITV SUCH AWAROS RACIAL BREAKDOWN AP ICATIONS EeE VED AND AWAROS MADE ALL OF WHICH POST' UNAWARE ARE- RE EVANT A TS IN DETERMINING IF THIS PROGR1H FREE FROM RACrAL Y DISo eRtMtNATORY PRACTICES ' • f PEEL A STRONGER PUBLIC ST NCE THAN DESCRIBED EFTEL B R PUSPORT REFUSA 'S MORE CONSONANT WITH CUL TURA EXCHANGE POL ley U ARTICULATED liTO OEMONSTRATE SYMPATHY AND SUPPORT FOR HAY NOT MAjORITY ALONG FOLL9WING LINES1 3 to - ' Il g VTl U 'NTT AI _ •••••• '0' • • ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473803 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473803 Date 01 11 2018 --- -_ ------ -- - --- ------ ----- • I' •• I • V _ Department of State T l @ AM ' __ - - ' • _ I I I J • __ • w __ • CUN'ID NT%·AI PAr-E· In· PRETOR 02867 281 14 Z MBAS8Y OEEPLY REGaETS R£FUSAL PASSPORTS KGWARE CA HALIA MAHOMtO OUTSTANDING LEADERS THEIR RESPECTIV COMMUNITIES IN EFF'ORTS TO KEEP LHI'ES OF C'OMMUNICAT'IONS OPEN WITH SOUTH AFRICA ANO TO ENAB E INTERESTED AMERICANS TO BETTER UNDERSTAND CONTEMPORARV SITUATION' IN SOUTH AFRICA AMERICAN GOVERNMENT INVITED CRITICS AS WELl 'AS ADVOCATES Of SAG POl lelaS'TO TAJ E PART'IN EXCHANGE· PROGRAMS WH NEVER CRITICS OF GOVERNME 'POLICIES ARE NOT AI LOWED ·TRAVE 'OUTSID COUNTRY 'THIS OENIES' AMERICAN PUBLIC SPECTRUM OPINION REGARDING SOUTH AFRICA AND MAKES'OIFFicu T FOR AMERICAN GOVERNMENT'MAINTAIN OPEN OOUR 'PO ICY TOWA OS SOUTH AFRICA WE REGRET ALSO THAT INOIVII lUALS JNVOLVEn NOT ENTIT EO HAVE REASONS FOR REFUSALS OR DAY IN COURT· TO BRING OUT FACTS A ND DETERMINE IF SAG· ACTED IN ARNITRARY MANNER WHICH RE FUNDAHENTAL TO AMERICAN CONST TUUONA PRACTICE AS WE L S 'TO UNIVERSA PRINCIP I E SHOUI D ·AT ·SOME FUTURE DATE PASSPORTS MRS GWARE MESSRS MAHOMED CACHALIA BE GRANTED UNITED STATES OF AMERlCA STANDS REA Y RE-NEW OUA INVITATION VISIT OUR COUNTRY WHERE THEY II L Bf HAD MOST WELCOME h 1 I I 'HURD -to ' _ uc'nr •• ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473803 Date 01 11 2018 C06415410 IED u s DepartmentC fState Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415410 Date 10 11 2017 U J U i ' 1-Lr f L f r' 0JI' I ' 1 P GE UI CTION SP-02 INFO MMHl £ S-CI nCT-D'1 J'1279 C I 0 O o2 J 1 G ' RELEASE IN 150-00 00 IV ··---· ····----·- ---·-- -17 1129 PART 86 R 0203aDZ NOV 17 f t· dJ ··iE TO SECST lE FOR 1 NIL 1 - 5 S Y WhSHeC 720l ADMINISTRATOR E O II 2 N A SUBJ AI D rH S5Ei'JT GILLIGAN CHld-lN l I ' SS G£ -'1c _T H'-'1 S --'- M 'E 5'-' S ' '-' - 'i 'E 1 ·R'-' -r '- 5 '- j I T 5 I'1 ' IID ll SSEN'i CH Hi'IEL 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No C06415410 Date 10 11 2017 1- v I I U 'I i t l 'it If 1 t · II' l COpy MhNIL P · GE 01 C ' I 01 E gt2 Ir rO ES-C l OC'T-'e'I' n 7279 02 OF 02 020C21Z roSo-co 0r3·1 W ---·--------·-----·---1J72191 f 20ll' SZ 73 0 HI34Q7 NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSY MANILA TO S5CSTATE UI'JCL AS 6 nh HDC SE CT 1 ON 2 7 8c o A11 W HAS Pl SHED I OEST LITr rUW If' WH RE THE G T i1ING l l·jj LA 1 j 27 9 OLiM f'ICATION TO ' Lr l1T ur·JJUST1FICD IN lTS Vill_·' ' ITS H SUL S WF f 1 PTf H II L ' O I r ' j-J' REi OF ST TISTIe N TH r P i-JG OF VEf JPlAElLE f S · ··· ' IS II LONG WAY f'RDr· l PF HFECTrOl DElloAl-IDEtl AY j Tr ' OUR wonK OF NECESSITY IS BASE ON L fi lITED · OFTEN CONFLICTING SET OF O TA li FOK · n ODSEnVATID ' S XPF IU NCIT MiiJ V t Lli TJO S M' D iHE lOR I E SEUC TO lD ' ' 'n g I t ORt ' 0 'MHl OllNi ' i J- tH- e ·USf 50 iH NG MISSI G THE INVCLVF D CC' LIC TEO M O DjS CRTIN PiWGl f I OC Z S UNDEr WIIICI1 ' ' ' 0 '11' COUPLED tITH CSNTfV· Lr2ED DGt·MND i OR 1 £ '11'1 0 Df · AND t ORF PREOl CT Ve- h OI H I s COH lUHDS TH£ PROCE SS M·m TUi1 JS ROJ EeT IM N GERS AND TECIIJ'I1 lAHS rno Of T ' CLERKS AND INTl RPOL · TORS A E g' ·OF S'fATE 251 170 EVIDSNC S l'H S Sf Er lNGI Y INS Tlf' 3LE DEM NDS I OK QU r - 8Y OUR FIGURES FICIITJON 7 CONTROL I ND PREDlCT VE fUSE THE IN HM ASSlNG CABLE MECHMHSI S TR FF IC FROM 1 10 1' Cr SPECIFIC Pt-IILIP j' E FLAG lJ I 1Y MIND AT LEAST Df EP ' R II l' r TION OJ' HD ' TO GO I FTER 'H LI PII Pf'OG lMJi IF THI SYOUR INT i HT WHY NO ' Pi ROACH IT hl TTgn OF' POI_ICY Il S' Q OF OCIUI-IG THE PHOJCT5 AROUND A5 THUU i - PROJECTS PART ES TO I F-R Tr RiH'fY 11 7 'I' if YOU ' 15T PEOtICt ' nVErV LL DII £CTLY 1- 0 LET THE 1 SjON PRClCET D ON PROJECT BY O C C7 LJ S 'S jr E nM r 5S · Ei T THe r ROr ' S5ION L i i 8 5E1J ENY ND NEG TI Cl lllol iE CREf n O H R0JECT IM· i'JG RS MW ECHNIC1 NS GY WJ Y OF PHE NT PiWCESS IW- - l iORTH TH Cfd'lDL·E WE WERE COM r rTt· r·ns S IF M E' SE fa OLiS ABOUT os CEU·ITR IL'l Zi T ION Y OU 1 80UT EO r j lId- lC r NG F I EL fl OPERATIONS TI-I N A REORG r I7 E THE BURE U ' TO R DUCG CLEARAHCE PROCESS B ELIMIN IATE RULE OF CO PLETE UNldHMITY 'IHEf E SIGN-OFF CAN VETO PROJECT DR THE IICTION ONE ' lrHHELD C D RULE THAT OUT GADLFY DUESTIONNAIRE 8Y WHICH f Vr RY OU STION COMES OFF THE WALL IS lNCLUOED IN OUTGOING CABLE AMELIORATE SE LECTIVe RAVAGES 0 - OUMolTlf'IC TIO BY · SilTUT r·lG CRIT Rlf BASE FOR INCLUSION iN 'jD' SAND PP' S E REVIIMP HID VIDU · L II TSS ON POLICY BY E5ThSLISHING COUNTRY LEVELS THROUGH M SSIO O lH Cl'lVES JI SrE D OF DOING XT THROUGH SELECTIVE e DG RING OF INDIVIOUAL PROJ CTS F GIVE us CLE i-l ' R OjRECT Oi S Ol-J tWM I RIGHiS THE POOH 1 1IdORITY 'M' TICIP T Oi' r ETC S ni SE TRANSt IITE IN DE' lll' E ' T O J OF GENEFIClldHES I D PROJECT ESIGN STULL t· IUJPLf IS SJLJJJ ____________-'--___ _ _' l f gLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415410 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416719 IED u s Department of' State 1- ep rit1nen t OJ PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416719 Date 10 11 2017 STATE 107488 150-00 ONy-a0 tate I L UI 1YI 5562 1003 R RELEASE IN PART ORAFTED 8Y SIP GSAUSTIN APPROVED BY SIP ALAKE 86 ARA - MR DEVINE ORAFTI D HA - MR SNEIDER DRAFT M OG - MR LI SSFEL T SU8STANCE S P-OFP NA80YER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY 086585 163 -------------- ---13031IZ o 130247Z MAY 77 FM SEC5TATE WASHDC TO AMEM8ASSY SAN SALVADOR IMMEDIATE CON F l O E N T 1 A L STATE 107488 11652 E O TAGS PFOR SU8J EeT GOES GOS PGOV SHUM US ES DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE HUMAN IGHTS AND THE 86 DISSENT CHANNEL rORI I AND OTHER SIGN AT OR I ES OF REF A '- F R - Oo M -·A N 'T'THi O 'N nY 'L ---'-AT7K- E ------'S 7 'P -------1 REF A SAN SALVADOR 1732 j 8 ' STATE 087800 STATE 098384j OJ STATE 105097 1 YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE F'RESENTED A CONVINCING CASE BASED ON SOUND REASONING AND EXPRESSED IN CLEAR LANGUAGE 2 LARGELY AS A RESULT OF YOUR CABLE THE DEPARTMENT HAS AOOPTED A MODIFIED VERSION OF YOUR OPTION 4 AM8ASSADOR LOZANO'S DEPARTURE IS 8EING DELAYED ONE MONTH OEPARTMENT ALSO MAKING PLANS FOR A DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL TO MAKE A FIRM PRE'SENTATION ON US HUMAN RI GHTS POLICY TO LEAVE NO DOU8T IN THE MINDS OF THE HIGHEST OFFICIALS IN THE GOES THAT THE AMBASSADOR HAS 8EEN CONVEYING THE ADMlNISTRATION'S POLICY AND NOT HIS PERSONAL VIEWS REF C AND Dl Ii' IS ESSENi'IAL THAT THE GOES UNDERSTAND THIS AS YOUR MESSAGE POINTS OUT 3 I UNDERSTAND THAT AM8ASSADOR LOZANO HAS SHARED WI TH YOU THE CONTENT OF HIS INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE OEPARTM NT AS CONVEYED TO HIM IN REF C 4 FURTHER ACTING DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY DEVINE ADVISED SALVADOREAN AMBASSADOR HERE ON MAY 9 TH T USG UNABLE TO SUPPORT $90 MILLION lOB LOAN FDR EL SALVADOR ON HUMAN RIGHTS GROUNDS AND THAT WE SUGGESTED DEFERRAL THr·S ITEM FROM 'IOB AGENDA DEVINE EMPHASIZED THAT THIS POSITION WAS TOTALLY CONSlSTENT WITH HE ADMINISTRATION' 5 EXPRESSIONS OF CONCERN ON HUMAN RIGHTS MADE BY AMBASSADOR LOZANO IN SAN SALVADOR S I REITERATE THE OEPARTMENT'S APPRECIATION OF YOUR TIMELY AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE OISSEN CHANNEL CHRISTOPHER CONFIDENTIAL ' ' •• I I ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416719 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 02 2 IED U S Department of State' Ca N F 2016 07j43 Doc No C06417022 Dat ' '10 11 2017 UejJartnlent STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO 5tate • 9840 I I ES-IH 150-00 ONY-00 0104 1 R RELEASE IN PART 86 ----------------- 056S40 't' TELEGRAM 23199 DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY BDM APPROVED BY S P J GARTEN ACTI NG S P-OF - MR KINNEY S P RJHARRINGTON S IL DGOOD EA RA DHARRIS DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY f OCT-Ill 1 OJ 28 237Z 62 R 271807Z SEP 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMCONSUL MELBOURNE INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA Of· LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 2319910 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 TAGS PINT N A ELAB AS SUBECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE AUSTRALIA 'If ' ' ' f' - - FOR LI_ _ _-'I FROM GARTEN - S P INDU TRIAL UNREST IN 86 AC ING I THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL 01 SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON INOLlSTRJ L UNREST IN AUSTRALIA ' COPIES OF YOUR REPORT HAVE BEEN DISTRIBUTED· TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND' THE CHAIRMAN OF 'THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN AFFAIRS THE SPECIAL ASSISTANT TO THE SECRETARY FOR INTERNATIONAL LABOR AFFAIRS AND THE EAST ASIA REGIONAL AFF IRS LABOR THANK YOU FOR BRINGING THESE REPORTS TO THE ADVISOR ATTENTION OF THE DEPARTMENT VANCE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ---'--'-- -- - - --c------- --- --- - --- -_- --_ -- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No f-2016-07743 Doc No C06417022 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445843 Date 12 11 2017 ee'4FIDENTIAL IRELEASE IN PART 861 S P-OFP PJLYDON BDM 8-6-75 EXT 28790 S P SWLEWIS S P DPIKE I I'· I DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY J I f I DISSENT CHANNEL r' t ' · SUBJECT REf E O 11652 ' TAGS 1 1 • 1• PfOR DP DISSENT MESSAGE BANGKOK 16004 I fOR I _________________ r' r N A iS6 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of REfERENCED DISSENT CABLE I' i 2 R DOUGLAS P KE F THE POLICY PLANNING STA F S P HAS BEtN NAMED COORDINATOR IN·CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVt·RESPONSE 3 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND T E CHAIRPERSON THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL COPIES WILL 'ALSO GO TO THE EAST ASIAN UREAU AND AMEMBASSY VIENTIANE • - · r f' 4 WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL FOR THE SECOND TIME ON AN IMPORTANT MATTER AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE_TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SENT IN y f ' ' - J ' ' _ r • • - ' • C 1 ' - i J • • L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445843 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 201 7 ' f I RELEASE IN PART BS OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIMITED OFFICIAL USE July 20 1972 DISSENT CHANNEL Dear B6 L I_ _ _ _- - ' After the Department received your telegram #2313 of July 7 I consulted with the Bureau for African Affairs and other interested officers in the Department This further response to your message outlines in some detail the Department's actions in relation to the crisis in Burundi As soon as the crisis in Burundi erupted on April 29 1972 'with a coordinated Hutu attempt to overthrow the Tutsi regLffie the u s Government tried to be helpful from both the humanitarian and political points of view In response to the initial requests from the Burundi Red Cross Catholic Relief Services and Caritas International we supplied $80 000 worth of relief supplies to help victims of the initial hostilities We are reasonably certain that these first supplies reached the intended recipients without discrimination against any ethic group the political side we joined with other governments represented in Burundi in an appeal to the Burundi Government to refrain from reprisals and repression against the Hutu maj rity In view of the fact that we have no aid prog am in Burundi beyond a modest self-help program $35 000 in FY' 72 and that traditionally the United States has been identified with the Hutus because of American missionary activity felt that the most effec tive influence on the regime to cease the repression could be exerted by other African governments We actively pursued contacts with African leaders who are well known and respected in Burundi such as President Mobutu of • I On we B6 American Embassy Tegucigalpa LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 2017 i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 Zaire President Ould Daddah of Mauritania and Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia Apart from MObut who sent a special envoy to Burundi to urge moderation all the other Africans appeared relucan to interfere in what they considered an internal matter of a sovereign Afri can state The annual summit conference of the Organization of African Unity in June 1972 did not even discuss the problem As Boon as it became clear that subsequent distribution of humanitarian assistance was being controlled in such a manner as to depriye the Hutus in favor of Tutsis we suspended all consideration of providing further aid Other organizations such as the Inter- national Committee of the Red Cross also suspended plans for providing assistance In late June the Secretary General of the United Nations sent a mission to Burundi to determine the facts and to recommend courses of action The mission was sent with our encouragement and Embassy Bujumbura assisted the mission in obtaining an accurate picture of the situation despite Burundi Government efforts to the contrary We are now awaiting the Secretary General's reaction and are encouraging his associates to move quickly because the killing and Buffering continue In addition to the suffering within Burundi a serious refugee problem has developed in neighboring countries especially alQng Lake Tanganyika in eastern Zaire and in Tanzania Most of the refugees including many Hutu students who escaped execution squads are in terrible condition The Department has requested the posts in the area to focus on this problem 'and to make recommendation's We have urged the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to take an urgent interest· in the mat and he has agreed to send a representati to the area immediately to coordinate assistance The Catholic Relief'Services is already working there and the Department gave that organization a 'grant of $50 000 on July 14th to start the relief program going while we obtain more details LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSI FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 I believe that from the foregoing you will agree that the U S Government has been doing the maximum within its limited capabilities to help the Rutus and to encourage a return to peaceful conditions Sincerely yours Signed William I Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff i Ii I I I i Ii I Ij Drafted AF C HJCOhen SP C HJSpiroi'ebd Concurrence AF - Mr Newsom y I LIMITErr OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980048 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980119 Date 09 12 2017 - I J' h ff IVJ j 0'11 '- 1 February 3 1975 I 1 J 14 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE B6 Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Room 5254A Department of State Washington D C 20S20 BEST COPY AVAILABLE J IRELEASE IN PART BS Dear 1__________ B6 Thank you very much for sending the Department your views in Tel Aviv's 3305 of 19 June 1974 about PL 480 sales to Israel Your use of the Dissent Channel to register views is especially appreciate4 We deeply regret that our tardiness prevented this reply from reaching you hile you we e still in Tel Aviv your message made the point that Israel's increasing prosperity has progr ssively roded Israel's case for'PL 480 assistance since its per capita GNP is rela tively high and because it is receiving substantial 'amounts of ass istance of other kinds The'Department understands your reasoning but believes qn the other hand that PL 480 assistance had helped maintain Israel's healthy palance of payments' position while facilitating security purchases of military equipment on the civilian market abroaa ' Moreover the Department believes that Israel does have need' of food as sistance ' ' It is clear that the policy issues you raised are relevant beyond the immediate context in which you raised 'them and this enhanced the value of your' raising them 1 am pleased that yo'u and a member of my staff have had an opportunity to discuss these matters directly particularly since this gave us an opportunity more fully to appreciate your views ' In'view of your conversation here I unders and that you consider further substantive response to your message unnecessary ' 1 should however i like again to express my thanks fbr'sending us your v ews Sincerely fr - 2 ' t' • l p ' -' I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980119 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASrFIED u s rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 ·· '- 1 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnllton D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART BS Septernber2 1974 MEMORANDUM TO Sjp - Mr Winston Lord FROM AFjC SUBJECT Dissent from AF Action Memorandum on DC-8 0 - I_________________________________B i I continue to believe ind INR lours that no assurances from Bongo have value However this analysis is SUbmitted to rebut the arguments of those officials who believe that assurances are ef value and that the telegram from Bongo prevides assurances on Rhodesia which are credible A The AF memo states we new have Bonge's personal written assurances that the plane will not be used in Rhodesian trade I state that Bengo advised by his French counselers has very carefully not given such assurances We have three documents from Bongo 1 A telegram to the Secretary stating that Bongo renews the guaranties given in the nete verba Ie ef June 28 and on the occasion of the special mission's visit concerning the utilization of the aircraft fer my persenal use and in additien • for Air Afrique ••• under lATA regUlations This wo uld exclude all countries under sanction by the UN of which Gabon is a member and whose decisions have Gabon's full support and approval Comment The werd guaranties appears newhere in the note verbale'of June 28 the special missien provided no oral guaranties er assurances with regard to Rhodesia see Enc A - Memcen prepared by LjAF The nete verbale contains many statements not guaran ties' about the plane it· would be maintained by Air Afrique it will be used in accordance with the Treaty BeRf1'f N8 rHODEll ltaH91 d9 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C179 0157 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 ' • ' - • • • ' ' '_ _ ' ' • •• ' - t- • ' L-- ' ' i • _ '_ _ ' _ - ' •• - - ' _ • ' •• - '1 I 2 j I J · ' j ••j ' of Yaounde a contract has been signed for its purchase its use will not compete with existing airlines the p ane is for Bongo's personal use t will not be'used'to benefit countries sanctioned by the UN BOngo did not repeat that key statement in his telegram Bongo has known for months of our concern that the plane will be used in Rhodesian trade Furthermore because we did not approve the export license after we received the note verbale indeed AF recommended against the sale after we received the note Bongo has known that note from his Ambassador did not provide sufficient assurances guarantees on that point Therefore his personal message to the Secretary should at the very least have specifically repeated the statement that the plane will not be used to benefit Rhodesia Instead he simply repeated that the plane is for his personal use and for Air Afrique r statements which we received over his signature twice before and considered insufficient see pgh # 2 and # 3 below I believe Bongo has intentionally avoided putting his own name to a statement that the plane rill not be used in Rhodesiantrade and instead has given us a guarantee that the plane is for his personal use and· for Air Afrique which guarantees nothing The sentence beginning this would excluc t e all countries' etc must be carefully looked at If the word this' refers to its immediate antecedent under IATA rUles ll it is meaningless because L AF informed us IATA rule s do ot prohibit member afrlines from flying to Rhodesia and two members Portugal and South A£ricaj fly there regula t ly If word · this · refers to usage by Air Afrique UTA it is meaJ'l Lngless 'because Bongo does not control that airline and UTA has been involved in sanctions violations anyv- fay ' I I If the word' this refers to personal use by Bongo it is rne ning'less ·because the first plane was for Bongo's personal use and went immediately to Rhodesia J B BElR13l' NS 13IBBJ3H h13RS r 3 · · i ' 'j UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 1212017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 09 12 2017 '0•• 0 _' ••• _ _ _ - 1 _ -' Doc No _ C17980157 __ _ ' __ _ • • •Date • • • • • • ' - _ _ -_ -t- _ _ • ' 3 i I I 1 I ·1 ' 1· ' In other words the two key sentences simply read I guarantee ·the plane is for Il 1Y personal us ' and for Air Afrique and this means the plane won't go to Rhodesia • Based on the analysis above we have no guarantee over Bongo's signature about Rhodesia Note The telegram contains other 'statements which are 'misle'ading or false Gabon 'does not fully support the UNi a fleet of plan flies frOrn Libreville to Rhodesia regularly Bongo did not receive approval from Chiefs of state and the OAU Gowon of Nigeria while temporarily President of the OA told Bongo it was inappropriate to give either approval or disapproval of the proposed purchase 2 Some months ago our Ambassador received a letter from Bongo saying the plane was for his personal se and for Air frique No assurances on Rhodesia 3 Exim received a letter from Bongo repeating the two uses of the plane but saying'nothing about Rhodesia The letter did say the plane would be used in accordance with the Treaty of Yaounde When a copy of the letter was given our Ambassador by Roland Bru French advisor and long-time agent 'of Foccarti Bru is described as nefarious and bitterly Anti-American Bru said the 'l'reaty of Yaounde provided the assurances we wanted on Rhodesia AF researched the Treaty and found it was signed in 1961 seven years before sanctions and simply set up Air Afrique In other words we were given this let ter and told it contained the assurances we wanted but this was a false statement Given the con'sistent pattern of false statements the June 28 'note verbale contains innumerable blatant falsehoods - see Enc B made to us elthe in writing or orally there seems no reason to believe the statement in the note verbale concerning Rhodesian ·sancti ons and in· fact AF 'did not do so The new element' in this situation is the telegram rom Bongo ich gives no guar'antees on Rhodesia W Yt therefore should the State Department shift from its position of July 11 don't sell' to its pO'si tion of Sept 16 sell without any conditions l JNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc NO C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' _ _ '- __ • ' -_ · _ -- _ v ·- _ _ ·_ • _ '_' •' - -- _ ••• - _ r J _ J B Further cqmment on the statements in AF's memo in the Bongo telegram are the best we can get Yet we have a copy of a letter from a GOG Min-ister to EXIM stating the plane will not be used in Rhodesian trade This' is petter than the statement contained in the Bongo telegram However it is the same quality of assu rance that we received in 1972 'just before we approved the export license for the first plane which went inunediately into Rhodesian trade 1 AF states that the assurances 2 AF States the assuranoes will protect us from criticism if the plane is mis-used Yet we were criticized after allo l7ing the first plane to go to Gabon whe'rt we knew Gabon ' as involved in Rhodesian trade and our defense that we had prior assu ahces did not help us Hav ng been betrayed on the first planer how can we ex pain o r selling the second plane By again referring to assurances c ii t ' ' ' 'J' '' i· ' • I I · · 3 AF states the costs Bonge of violating his guarantees will include criticisi1l from the OAU the UN the USG and the press Yet he is still incurring these costs on th first plane and it doesn't bother him In June 1974 the OAU reported that Rhodesia had obtained the use of this fleet of planes only because Gabon had impersonated Rhodesia The planes are still flying out of Libreville to Rhodes -a ·There are no costs to Bongo because he declines to feel ashamed or emparrassed 4 AF states Bongo must realize the possibility of bilateral action' against him if he misuses the second' plane Why must''- he realize this He knows of the flak' we got on ·the first plane yet bilateral relations have improved since 1972 and' we are doing every·thing we oan to increase American investment and he knml7s it I believe he does not expect adverse action if he mis-uses the plane and I doupt that tqe referenc in the proposed diplom tic note attached to AF's memo to bilateral relations wi ll be interpreted as a' serious commitment from us to take action against him -' 5 AF 1 S memo refers to possible adverse action by Jlongo against us if we refuse the sale' Yet the actions' we anticipated have in the most part already been· ta en rejections of bids etc and the DC-8 situation has' only I • I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 - ' •• _ ' ' •• 0' ' • ' _ - ' d 4_ ' - - _ • _ •• • - _ _ ' - • _ ' - -- - --- - ' - - - -' - ' '•• ' ' ' • • 2 I · ·1 ' j' Recommendation by diplomatic note to the GOG Embassy and by note verbale to the GOG from our Embassy in Libreville let 'us tell the Gabonese that we were worried about the possible mis-use of the first plane before we sold it and therefore asked for and got assurances but nevertheless the plane went into Rhodesian trade and is still there Because the USG decided at the time the' export license was issued in 1972 that mis-use would be prejudicial to sale of future aircraft to Gabon we are now implementing that decision In doing this we are making no judgement about 'how the GOG would have used the second plane if we had approved the sale We could add orally that since we believe a DC-B can be purchased else here or a similar aircraft our refusal to sell should in no 'Itlay inconvenience President Bongo in fulfilling 'his need for a plane for his personal use I I I been one of'the reasons the GOG has turned us down The rema ning possible adverse actions are so minor Le the GO G assumes majority control of a manganese company in which us Steel has an inte est that they no longer form a significant motivation for acting positively on the export license • - In'making this recommendation I am expressing my own views However these views are supported by the views expressed by other Foreign Service Officers including those familiar with President Bongo and the Rhodesian sanctions problem who feel the sale of the plan'e will be a 'mistake I 'i I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980157 Date 09 12 2017 ------ co 641542TIED - - _ ------ -- --- - - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415427 Date 10 11 2017 I Ce J - - _Co ' V- DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wgshlngton D C RELEASE IN PART 20520 86 ---- MEMORANDUM TO PPC PDA SPA - L_____ FROM siP - Anthony SUBJECT Dissent Paper --- l Le ke li This will acknowledge the recej pt cif -your dissent papr r containing two proposals concerning the Sector nalysis Division of A LD Theodore Horan of the Policy Planning sta ff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent mes ages your paper has been circulated to the Offi'Jes of the Secretary the Executive' Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chai rman of the Open Forum as well as the Direr tor of A I D t-ve commend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submjtted ClearancCl81 Sip sip - sip - RHarrington draft NBoyer draft TMoran UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415427 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641605 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416058 Date 10 11 2017 - - DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlngtnn D C 70520 RELEASE IN PART 86 -------- ------- 86 D arLI_-- -_ _ _ J This letter is a reply to your memorandum of March 14 in the dissent channel in which you associate yourself with the earlier dissent o 1 I I I concerning participation b l the Socialist Republic of vietnam SRV in various international monetary or3anizations 86 86 As we noted in a letter tol I since the advent of the new Administration there has been considerable movement and change of direction 'tlith respect to this policy The U S 'no longer opposes SRV membership in U N specialized lgencies It has dropped some restrictions involving shipping to the SRV Perhaps most important from t 1e point of view of your merr orandum the U S no lonqer will raise objections to loans and programs for the SRV undertaken by the mult inational financial instit1 ltions such as you mention as long as the normal ptocedures and technical requirements applicable to any recipient country are met It is our position that any 'assistance provided the SRV should be in conformity with the policies and procedures of the organization concerned Such assistance must meet the particular institution's economic and technical criteria and the SRV must carry out fully its obligations to them In this connection we believe that Vietnam I s experience · ·lith the IMF in coming months will serve as a useful indicator of the extent to which membership in IFI's fosters the liberalization you speak of Vietnam's record with the IMF also will likely affect its prospect for eventual project assistance from institutions with I ASIAjPT - Room 6668 Department of State Agency for International Development Washington D C 20523 • • 86 4 co 641605 8 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416058 Date 10 11 2017 - - 2 ' similar obligations such as the World Bank and the Asian Development Bank We are pr pared to keep an open mind 1n r gard to vietnam's relationship with the IMF but in the interim cannot prejudge our position on the merits of specific projects for which -vietnam may request assistance from other institutions in the future As pe haps you are aware the US-Vietnamese relationship i now in a moment of' flux and transition W have ag eed to'meet the Vietnamese in substantive negotiations and prob bly these sessions· will begin in the near future · It is too soon to know what exactly' will be our policy on yarious issuE s including existing legislative provisions since so much depends on the vietnamese negotiating strategy Hut certainly it is selfe to say the sense of the suggestions on economic relations l lade by I land yourself · and the anticipated direction of U S foreign policy in this respect are now es entially in harmony 86 'le f hank you or your letter and appreciate your conpern lich is one we all share that efforts be made to improve and normalize relations between the U S and Vietnam ' j Sincerely Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff I • ·i z · ' f L d ' ' - - Z i 0 u4 __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416058 Date 10 11 2017 - - co 6416 9 2 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416929 Date 10 11 2017 ' j CONF IDENT IAL Departlnent Of State STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT- Il OUTGOING TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 0509 129744 ES-01 ISO- I 004 R ORAFTED BY SIP CHUME LM APPROVED BY SIP TLAKE '10 GDALEY 5 1 NA80YER ---------------- -061906Z o 061811Z JUN 77 086659 50 - PM seCSTATE WASHOC TO U5MISSION GENEVA IMMEDIATE C O·N F IDE N T r A L srATE 129744 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 ILO SUBJECT ILO REF - GOS ARTICLE 17 GENEVA 4316 THE FOLLOWING MESSAGE IS A RESPONSE FROM MESSAGE OF I I LAK TO DISSENT I AM RESPONDING TO YOUR DISSENT· MESSAGE OF JUNE I AS YOU KNOW THE CHIEF FOCUS OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL SHOULD BE SUBSTANTIVE FOREIGN POLICY ISSUES AND I HAVE REVIEWED 'fOUR MESSAGE FROM THAT VIEWPOINT 1 - 2 IT APPEARS THAT THE aUESTIONS YOU RAISED RELATE PRIMARILY TO THE IMPRESSION OTHER DELEGATIONS HAVE RECEIVED OF THE uS POSITION FROM CONVERSATIONS WITH OTHER MEMBERS OF THE US DELEGATION YOU STRESS THAT YOUR UNDERSTANDING OF THE DELEGATION'S INSTRUCTIONS IMPLIED THAT IN THE EFFORT TO ACHIEVE AMENDMENT OF ARTICLE 17 NO DEALS WERE TO BE MADE ON AN OTHtR ISSUES YOUR DISSENT IS BASIC LY LEVELED AT THE TACTICS PURSUED BY THE DELEGATION IN OISCUSSING THE ARTICLE 17 PROPOSALS 3 WE HAVE RAISED THIS QUESTION WITH THE BUREAU OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION AFFAIRS AND IT HAS DETERMINED TO SEND A SEPARATE TELEGR M CLARIFYING THE ORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONS GIVEN TO THE DELEGATIONS ON THIS POINT AS YOUR MESSAGE DID NOT CHALLENGE THE INSTRUCTIONS BUT RATHER RAISED A OUESTION OF INTERPRETA'TION AND AS THAT aUESTION RELATES PRIMARILY TO OPERATIONAL TACTICS WE DECIDED THAT THE MOST EFFECTIVE WAY TO RESPOND TO YOUR MESSAGE WAS THROUGH CLARIFIED INS RUCTIONS SENT TO THE DELEGATION 4 WE APPRECIATE YOUR CONCERN IN THIS MATTER AND HOPE THAT THE NEW INSTRUCTIONS SHOULD SETTLE THE ISSUE THAT YOU HAVE RAISED VANCE CONFIDENTIAL -- -- --- - - - - _ _ o UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416929 Date 10 11 2017 86 -------------------------- co 641 700 9 lED lrS Department of State Case No 'F '2016-07743 Doc No C06417069 Date ·1b 11 2017 -' COpy Uepa rtl1 ent OJ tate TELEGRAM PAGE DI ACTIO I lIFO OCT-OI PARIS 21919 ISO-DO 01 OF 06 2911J81 S-OI 004 U _ _----------- ---001329 9711 PARIS 21919 AllER I CAli 291140Z 19 R 291120Z JUL 11 Fri anEIlBASSY PARIS 10 SECSTATE liASHDe 6358 SEC REI SECTlOJ I Dr 6 PARIS 21919 STADI SIIIIIIIIIIIII I IIIIIII 1 11 1 1 1 1 I 11111 lIliDIS DI SSEHT CHAIlUEl 11I 1 111 11111 II II 11 1111 hIS SEIiI IIESSAGE rROII SO JOHN R DOSRIN 81 OF 116 2911lS1 RELEASE IN FULL dQ j -- lUt CURR£JIT GOF REPR S lll Kr-1OuRRHHH BElIEVE KHOUII GUAJITITIES III THE FOREIGII POLICY rinDs HICH HOST INTEREST US -- THE DEL IEF THAT All OF THE El£nEIITS ARoune GISCARD IIIClUOItlG ll1E GAULLI STS ARE WILli IIG 10' 8rno TO THE PRESIOEIIJ'S UILl on MOST H JOR rORE IGII POLICY fAllERS 2 THE BEl IEF THAT GISCARD THE Gor AHD ·THE JlATIONAL ASSEHBL y IfAJORIIY ARE SYi OHYMOUS fOR SOKE TillE lOW THIS EHBASSY HAS BEEII REPORTIlIG OU THE VICISSITUn s or GISCARO HIS OVERHNErlt AIID HIS fARLIAKEUTAAY nAJORIll' III SP TE OF THAT REPORTIIIG COtlVERSATIOIlS PHIDCA - HOLD rOR DOBRIN EO H 52 GDS TAGS FR PIUT PGOV SUBJECT USG RHAl I OilS IIITH litE fRENCH lEFl POLICY RECOI1I1EHOAIIOHS SUMMARY ON TKE ASSUHPTIOII THAT II1PRlIVED fRAIICOI A E ICAIl RElATlOtlS ARE III LAR E HEASURE A FURCnOr r ilIlG-TERII IlITERllAl STABILITY 111 FRAtlCE THIS I1ESSAGE ARGUES THAT -- PRESIDENT CARTER SHOULD RECflVE FRAtlCOIS tflTTERRAHO AT All EARLY DATE -- EMBASSY PARIS SHOULD SERVE AS THE PRIMARY VEH rClE fOR All EXPAIIDED DIALOGUE III TH THE SOCIALISTS IIlVOLVIIlG DISCUSSions 011 MAJOR US fOREIGII POLICY trIlTIATIVES -- usc llHERfSTS AR£ BEST SERVED III THE IIICREASIHGl Y PROBABLE EVEiII OF A UtI TED LEFT VICTORY III THE lEGISLATIVE ELECTIOIIS OF 1978 BY RESUlTS HICH IVE THE SOCIALISTS IPS A WIOE ItARGIII OF SUPERIO IH OVER THE COHHUH'rSTS pcn -- THE IISG SHOULD AID THE PS OUEST FOR SUCH SUPERIORITY VER THE per THROUGH A COllselOUS POLICY or BOOSTItW THE SOCIAliSTS IMAGE Qf STAT SHAlILIKE RESPOUSI81L ITr -- IHE C STS or SUCH AN OPE RAT I 011 '- EVEN IN THE EVEIIT or A VICTORY OF THE CURREII GDr MAJORITY - CMI BE HIIIIMIZED uu SlinMARY PART I THIS CABLE IS A DISSENT FROII • 1 OUR PEueHAIIT FOR m TlNG Tal MaS GISC RO USG THIHKIII au FRANCE HAS wmeO TO STRESS THE ADVAtITAGES JHHERnIT fU THE CO ITl WED EXISTEtICE or THE CURRE IT GOF HAJORITY PH AeTlCALlY SPEAK lilt THIS HAS NUll THAT lIE HAVE TITlTEO'TOIIARDS PRESIDEitT GISCARO 0' STAIHG III AS rinllY IIAYS as liE COULD AllD HAVE TEilOm TO'SHUB OR AT LEAST DOIiI PLAY IH£ IIIPORTAHCE OF THE LEFT OPPOSITrON THERE ARE OBVIOUS REASOIlS FOR SO D011 6 - - UNll KE ANY or THE OPPOS I 11 all PART ES I H EUROPE THE PS rS TlfD TO A peF HOSE CHARACTER AltO ORIGltlS ARE BOTH STAlltllSJ AltO AlITI- SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 0 0 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 Depart7 lent Of State' PARIS 219H PAGE 01 02 OF 06 881 291ISH PARIS 21979 TELEG'RAM 01 OF U6 2911S1Z A TlON lIiFO OCT OI ES-lli Iso-ne eo I ------------------Blll417 zgmu ANTI-ATlANTICIST IIIfIG OF THE GAULLISTS IIHERE TDDAY GISCARO CAN AFFORO TO IGIIORE THE HAllDCORE GJlULlISTS IN FAVOR OF c RTAI QUIET HOVES IN THE DIRECTIOn OF IHPROVED tRANCO-US RElATIOIIS AFTER IIARROY LEGISLATIVE ELECTIO I VICTORY H 1I0ULD 8E OBLIGED TO HAKE TRAOE-OFrs IIItICH ARE UNLIKElY TO BE IN OUR INTEREST IT 1I0ULO THEREFORE BE All ERROR TO CO IIIIUE OUR BELIEf mAT GISCARD - 011 AllY TERMS C IHER THAll AN RI VICTORY READ A VICTORY GIVItlG HIli A CLEAR lIA leAT TO LEAOI - IS THE aEST BET 1£ CAli HAVE IN FRAlICE 14 R 29112DZ JUt 11 fM AMEMBAS SY PARIS TO SEeSTATE IIASHoe 6359 SEC R E T SECIION 2 or 6 PARIS·219J9 ST AD I SIIII I I I I I 1111 1 I f I 1 I III J J 111111 1I HDIS DI SE Nr eHANIlEl 4 GISCARD PROBABLY CAWI fAKE iT AT Alt aUT THE 'POllS SUGGEST THAT AN VEil STERIlER FATE AliA I IS THE CURRWT GOF IIITH nOST HAJOR POLLS AGREEItlG THAT IF ElECTlOIlS fERE HnD TODAY THE UIiITEO LEfT IIOULO GtT SOME 53 PERCENT OF THE POPULAR VOTE THE lOST IMPORTANT QUEST I 011 III FRAIICE BECOHES IIHETHER OR tlOT THAT 53 PERCEnT TRAtlSLATES TO A6S0LUTE CO ITROL H6 SEATS OUT OF 499 OF THE IIAIiOIfAl· ASSEMBL Y IF IT DOES • THE CURRENT GOF MJORI TV NOVES IIITO THE OP OSITIOJi AKD THE unITED LEFT HAS THE UUEIlYIABlE TASK OF rORMlliG A GOVERNMENT IIItOSE STREHGTH Aecoaill IIG TO MOST OBSERVERS COULD VARY fROM 250 SEATS TO AS MAllY AS 289 THE SEAT couin PROOUCEO BY THAI 53 P£ReEIIT OF THE POPULAR VOTE IS Iti DISPUTE - THE FACT IHAI 3 PERCEnT OF· THE fREllCH TOOAY 1I0ULO VOTE LEFT IF THE lECTlOIl IlERE TODAY IS fiaT THINGS CAli CHANGE BETVEEII THIS SUMMER AND THE ElEC'TlOIIS HEW ElECTORAL MODALITIES CAN BE IIITRODUCED HICH OUllI CHAIIGE THE S EAT COUllT - NonE or THIS ALTERS THE fACT THAT TOIIAY'S GDr HAJOR ITY HAS LESS THAN All vEIl cHAlleE OF STAVIIlG III -OISS£ltT HESSAGE FROM HO JOHU R• DOBRIN PH DCA - HOLD FOR DOSR III III TH IIASH II GrOll POll CY-IIAKERS SUGGE ST THAT THE USG STILL ¥ EIIS' THE ASSEMBLY GISCARD AIID IHE Gor AS BEING OF A S IIGlE PIECE THAT PROPOSITIOfl IS DUBIOUS AT BEST AIIO SEEMS TO BE A WEAK REED 0 1 IIH I eH TO eASE usc POliCY-MAKinG VIEVEO on ailE LEVEL GISCAllD COfISIDEREO AS rHE LEADER Of A GOVERIIHEIIT AII0 A GOVERNliEN TAL PROGRAII EXI STS ONLY AT THE GRACE of JACQUES CHIRAC AIIO THE GAUllISTS VIEIlEO 011 Af101HER GISCARD'S 'OF IS A GROUP OF REtATlvtL Y FACELESS TECHNOCRATS UIlH FEll REAL POLITICAL Roors VIEIlEO BY MORE TKAII HALF Of IHE FRENCH PUSLIC GISC RO APPEARS TO BE AN INDECISIVE HAil IIITHOUT THE HAIIDAI£ REOUIRED FOR PUTTIIIG THROUGH A HARD-HI TTIHG REFORM PROGRAM fOR rHE Gor IINICH IS SHOI THROUGH' IIITH I'S eUREAUCR TS AHD GAULlIST OFfiCE DIRECTORS THERE APP£ARS TO BE 1I THE INCErlJlVE TO HA t VIGOROUS APPllCATIOIi OF THE' PROGRAMS HICH GISCARO HAS ALREADY PASSED A1lD £VEil L SS PRESSURE TO I1AKE NE PROPOSAL S FOR HORE REfORM PART II ASSUMPTIONS 3 GI SCARO CAII'T MAKE IT ALONE IF THE PROSPECTS FOR POST-157S COIHlIIUATlOIl OF THE PRESENT GOF HAJORI1Y ERE GOOD THIS CABLE MIGHT HOT REOUIRE WR IT ItIG IIISTEAD THOSE PROSP Ecrs ARE WI IE AMB IGUOUS AIIO rHE USG HAY SHORn Y BE COllFROlllEO IIITH THE FOLLOIIIJIG SITUATION BASrD ON CURREfIT fOLlIIIGI I -- In IHE IIICREASIIIGlY lESS LIKElY POSSI81lITY' - THAT THE CURREIIT GOF MAJORITY IIINS TKE LEGISLATIVE H CTIONS Of 1978 ITS VICTORY IS ALHOST SURE TO BE A SQUEAKER IIIlH IE IlHER GISCARO' S 1II0EPEIIOWT REPUBlI CAliS IIOR THE C lITER SHOUING MIY sUOR IMPROVEMWT IN THEIR ATlOIiAL ASSEnsL Y SEAT COUUTS -- THE MAJOR fACTOR IN SUCH A SWEAKER ELCCTIOII IS t IKEl Y TO 8E THE GAULlISr RPR TY E EXrE T OF IIHOSE LOSSES - AND LOSSES THERE ARE S RE TO BE - IlILl DETERIfIHE IIHETHER OR HOT THE CURRENT MAJORITY 111115 -- UNDER SUCH CorIOIl OIlS GISCARO llll IIICREASINGL Y stco £ IHE CAPTIVE OF rKE RPR AIIO·lIlll· 8E STYHIED III HIS EFFORT TO PUSH' THROUGH THE -IIAJOR REFORMS IMltH HE CLAIMS TO SEEK - PERHAPS ORE IMPORTAIIT FROM OUR POIHT OF VI Ell 0 I SCARO' S FORE ION POll CY 1I0UlD LI KEl Y BECOHE HORE SUSCEPTIBLE TO THE IIIFlIjEliCE OF THE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State SECRET Ca e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 -------------------------- co 641 7 0 0 g IED •• I ' - ' PARIS 21979 PAGE 01 ACTIOII INfO OCT -BI ES-BI '1' ' I' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 Departl lent oj' State' BJ OF 96 291214Z ISO-BO IOO II --------------- --001642 996B 291219l IH R 291120Z JUt 17 FM AHEMBASSY PARIS 10 SECSTAT'E IIASHOC 6369 SEC R £ T SECT OIl 3 Of 6 PARI S 21979 PARIS 2 919 TELEG'RAM 03 or 06 2911HZ FUTURE FiliAllY THE PROBLEM OF IIITERIML STABILITY IF IKE pcr KEEPS TO VHAT IT RAS SEEIt PUSHIIIG SINCE 1972 'IS lIHfL Y TO BE EIIHAt CEO BY A LEFT VICTORY AT lEAST III THE LONG RUH 1 AIID If THE LEn IIIIlS -- SlASH lTV IIOLESS SCEIIARIOS AR£ CURRENTLY CIRCULATING III FRANCE AS TO HAT MIGHI HAPPEII AFTER A LEFI tCIORY A VERY ROUGH TYPOGRAPHY MIGHT IIleLUDE SI AOI SIll 11111 11111 11111 11111 1111111111111111 lIMOIS OI SEIIT CHANIIEl -- THE UlliTfO LEft Ins 11TH NEARLY Z70 SEAlS I1ITJERRArIO AlID THE CO UIII STS ARE ABLE TO HOVE rORUARO QUICKLY EnOllGH IIITH OVERDUE RcrORMS TO 11111 POPU AR cOlin DElIct AlIO INVESTMEnT SUPPORT OISSEII IlCSSAG ROM HO JOliN R DOBRIIl PM DCA - HOLD FOR OOBRI II POIlER AFTER IHE lEGI SlAII V ElECT lOllS OF 1911 5 £VEIl IF GISCARD COULD STAY IN POIlER THAT PR9BABL Y 1I0ULOll'T SERVE OUR IfITERESTS 011 IKE ASSU PTION OF A SQU AKER VICtORY BY THE CURRERT Gor IIITH All IHE PROBLEMS OF JlITERJJAL STAOllla THAT IHPlJES ' THERE I S A STIll GREATER OUEST Oil HICK USG POliCY HAY ERS MUST COIISIOER 11011 IIlIILE THERE IS SrlLl T1lE LUXURY OF TIME IN IINleN TO IHIIIK IF TNt cuRRENT Gor MAJORITY KueH RrouCED HAl AGES TO 11111 COIHROL OYER THE IIATlOIIAL ASSErtSL Y III THE FACE OF A POPULAR VOlE HICH DHIlES IT THAT COI IROL AI OTHER MAY ISiS IS NOf'A POSSIBILIIY 10 BE EXCLUDEO EVEII BETTER ARE THE PROSPECTS FO lOIiG-TERM IlITERIlAL IIISTABIlITY IIITH THE LEFT THE UIIIOIIS AHD rHE IHiHLECTUALS JOIIIIHG IN TO DEIIOUI CE A GOF HICK ·CHAIED THE PEOPLE OF THEIR VICTORY- GISCARD'S ROO FOR IlAIIEUYER oULD THUS BE REDUCED STILL FURIHER MORE IMPORTAIIT THE EHECTS Of FRAlleE'S IIERI AL POLUICAL CRISES 1I0ULD TEllO JG BECOME OESTABLIL IZIRG II EUROPE UJlDER SUCH CIRCUMSTANCES FRAlleE IIGULO BECOHE A KIlID OF GlDDIIY LATIJI 19811' 5 HAMLET 00011£11 to PLAY IHE 19TH CENTURy'TURKISH ROLE AS THE SICK lAlI OF EUROPE AHD THAT CAli III NO IIAY SERYE US INTERESIS -- THE UnITED LEFT IIIUS UITH A BARE HAJORITY A DISAPPOIIIl£O peF OECOMES TROUBlESOIIE In THE GDVERIIHEJlT 011 THE STREETS AND III PL AIITS AND F INAll Y LEAVES THE 6 VERII EJlT 11 THE FACE or THIS 1936-SlYL£ SCE'UARIO MITERRAUO REeE I VES SUP PORI fRON THE CEUTER AHD COVERn Y fROH GI SCARO AUV IS ABLE'TO STAY IN THE MAT GIION AT THE HEAD OF A MINORITY GOV RIIIlENT TUIS POSSIBIL ITY TEIIDS TO APPEAL TO BACKERS I f THIRD fORCE POLITICS e_ GI SCARD 01 SSOL VES THE ASSEMBI Y AFTER A VERY HARROII LEFT VICTORY THE UHITED LEFT IIINS THE IIEII ElECT lOllS GISC'AHO RESIGIIS' AIiD MlrrERR 1I0 AtID CHIRAC FIGHT A BATTU rOR THE PRESIDENCY FROII IIlIICH THE YOUIiGER CHIRAC EMERGES VICTOR IDUS 6 AND IF THE LEFT IlKS -- IIlIICH LEFT THE POLLS' SUGGESTIOII THAI THE 'UIiITEO LEfT COULD IIIN IHE lEGI SLAn VES IF THEY IIERE HELD TODAY REMIIiOS US THAT IKE unEASY COAlI TI OK or SOCI ALI STS COMIlUIiISTS 'AIIO LEFT RADICAlS fflRGf IIHICN MIGHT COilE TO POlioR IS JUST AS FRAGILE AS iHE MAJORITY I1IGHT IlEll BE lIfTH CURRENT POlllJIG GIVinG IHE PS AIID MRG SOIlE 33 PERCENI or THE VOTE IHE 211 P£RCE H anD B1 THE PCF IVES IHE C0 1I1UII15T5 A NAJaR ARM IIITH IIHICR TO FIGHl FOR INHUrNeE IN A UI ITED LEfT Gor IT AlSO SUGGESTS THAT i I I S III OUR IHIEREST TO HAVE THE PS DONI lATE SUCH A UIIiTEO LEFT CMlITiON GOVERNMENT AS A COUlmR' EIGHT 10 per ADVEIITURISM lIE KHOII A GREAT DEAL MORE ABOUT THE PS THAll 11£ Q ABOUT THE per AIIO IIlIIlT UE KIIO HltE IN NO IIAY PERFECTlY REASSURING SUGGESTS THAT THE SOCIALISTS HAVE It FAR CleARER SEIISE Of THE POTfNIIALLY DESTABllL IllIIG EHECTS 011 IHTERflATIOIlAI RELAHOUS UHICH A LEFT VICTORY HIGHT HAVE THAll 00 THE COMHUNISTS THIS IS OF COURSE NOT'A GUARAIITEE OF GOOD BEHAVIOR '0 1 THE tllTERIIATH JIAL SCEIIE BUT It SUGGESTS A CERTAin IlL IHGJlESS TO SEEK PRAGMATIC RESULTS BASED 011 HAil OllAl IlITEREST RAIMER THAn ON IOEOLOGICAL ORSIDERATIOIIS III SHORT THE PS IS A BETTER BET FOR USG FORE IGil POLICY INTERESTS IHAII THE per AHO IS LIKELY TO REIiAIN SO FOR THE FORESEEABLE SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca e No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 C06417009 iED U S Department of State PAGE III ACTI ON §f l INFO OCT-Ill ISO-JIg 11194 1 --------··-------1181834 2913SS1 145 R 29lL29Z JUL 71 FM AJlEIIBASSY PAll I S TO SECSTATE VASHoe 6361 S E C RET SECTION' OF 6 PARIS 21979 STADISIIIIIIIIIIIII 'IIIIIIII ' IIIIII'II llllOIS DI SSEKT CHAANEL DISSENT IIESSAGE FR PI N9J-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 Department of State PARJS 21979 114 OF 116 29l23U ES-I' I Cas 50 JDHH R DOBRIN PrtlllCA - HOLD FOR DoeR I H 00 THESE SCENARIOS IHPLY GREATER STABILITY ONLY'THE fiRST ANO SECOIID ARE BE IJIG TAKEN VERY SER I OUSL Y THESE DAYS IN FACT SOnE JOURNAL ISTS ARE SAID 10 HAVE CR£ATEO· A POOL ·SA SED ON THE DAY OF GISCARO'S SUPPOSED ANIiOUIiCEPlENT THAT HE IIIll NOT DISSOLVE THE HATIONAL 'ASSEIIBLY REGARDLESS Of THE RESULTS or TlIE LElil StATi VE ·eLECTlONS APOCRYPHAL THOUGH IT HAY 8E THE STORY SUGGESTS THAT GISCARO S OTHER OPPOSITION AT LEAST IS TAKING SERIOUSLY THE PRESIDENT'S eLAI TO aE ABOVE POll TICS OR AT LEAST HIS DESI E TO SO APPEARI RHO IT tURTHER SUGGESTS THAT GISCARD niGHT WELL OPT FOR A ROLE AS FRANCE'S UNITING SAVIOUR BUT EVEN IIITHOUT GISCARD'S CONNIVANCE THERE ARE SOME FACTORS WITHIN THE LEFT HICK SUGGEST THAT I T CAN BE A fORCE FOR STAlIILITY A UNiTED LEFT VICTORY COULD RfI'Rm NT sall TELEGRAM' PAA JS 21919 II' OF 95 291232Z • A IlAARCIV ELECTORAL VJ CTORY BY THE CURRENT GOF WOULD LIKElY lEAD TO INTERNAL INSTABILITY SHOULD IIllVE In THE DIRECTION OF THE PS RATHER THAll TOWARDS THE PCf THERE IS LITTLE EAAGGERATION IN ARGUING THAT A LEFT VICTORY III HICH THE PS SEconES EVEH A nORE DOMINANT FORCE THAN IT IS TODAY COULD LEAD TO Po GOF SECURITY POLICY KOT UNLIKE THE OKE WE JlJ OW T01lAY ISEE P RIS A-ISS OF MAY 6 19m THERE I S STILL LESS IN ARGUING THAT lIE CAN HHP THE PS • ONCE RID Of THE GISCARD SHIBBOLETH ACMIEYE SUCH PRE-EHINENCE AND THE VOTERS HO III GHT IIA E THAT SWITCH ARE HOT CLASS Ie LEFT VOTERS - BY All ACCDUNTS THEY ARE THE NEW tltDDlE CLASS THE NEW TOIiH-DIlELLERS AND THE BETTER-EDUCATED IN SKORT THEY ARE Ot THE CLASSICAllY ALIENATED THEY ARE MOT TBE 'BLUE-COLLAR IIORMERS Ano THEY ARE NOT THE INTELLECTUALS -- ALL 0 H0J1 HAVE BEEN CHARACTERIZED AS AMTI-AJlERICAN ALL OF HO PROBABLY AIlE AIITJAIIERI-tAN AHO OH HOM THESE HEll VOTERS COULD HAVE AN IIIPOATANT MODERATIM INFLUENCE A CENTRAL ARGUMENT OF TRIS CABLE THEREfORE IS THAT THESE VOTERS CAK 'nAME CERTAIN FRAHCO AJIERICAH ELATlaNSHIPS WORK BETTER BY CONTRIBUTING TO PS COlliMATION OF A UNITED LEFT GOYERHIlENT THAN TliEY CAN BE ADOIHG TO A IlEAK MAJORITY BUILT em THE CURRUT GOF PART III R ECOIO £NDAT I ON 9 THE PRESIDENT SHOULD RECEIVE FRANCOIS ITTERRAMO IF·IIE ACCEPT THE HOTl l THAT THIS ELEOTl N WILL BE WON OR LOST ON THE STRENGTH OF 4 PERCENT OF THE fRENCH VOTERS IT IS Inp RTANT TO us THAT OUR CONTACTS WfTH THE HEll GOVERHII£HT REPRESENT THAT FACT WE AV NOT -- AJ ' OUTlET FOR HAT 08SE VERS ARe CALLING MONU lfNTAL FRElleD NATIONAL EPIDEKIC OF 'FEQ-UP ISM' -- A GUARANTEE TO THE BLUE-COLLAR WORKERS THAT IIIIILE SHORT-TERN SOLUTIONS TO THEIR PROBLEIIS I GUT STILL SE tACKING THEY llll HAVE F IHALLY REACHED THE TOP or THE GOVERNnENT'S PRIORITY ORnER - A POSSIBLE GIJARAHT£E OF GOOD CONDUCT BY SOIl£ Of THE IIIPORTANT UNIOIlS -- SIlI UTlOHS TO THE BASIC INEOlJlTlEs IN THE OISTRIBUTIOM OF pOIlER AND CReOITS lHleH' HAVE Bl CIlED THE COUNTRY FOR YEARS I NTO AN OVERCENTRALI ZED HI GHL Y BUREAUCRAT lIED HOLD -- ABOVE All SO HE KI ND Of RENE Al OF fAITH iN THE DEIIOCRATIC PROCESS • 8 11110 VOTES FOR THE LEfT THESE OAYS nOST POLITICAL SPECIAL ISTS IN FRANCE IEVE THU THE 1978 ELECTIOR IIILL BE liON OR LOST Off THE BASIS OF ABOUT' PERCENT OF THE von THIS SIIING VOTE COPIING fROI1 HAT ONE POLLSTER CALLS THE DISAPPOINTED CENTER lAS HEARLY AS OST DIFFERENTIAL POLLING CM DETER INEl COULD BE SCARED orr BY THe PPEARANCE OF A UIlITEO LEFT IN H leff THE peF PLAYS TOO IHPORTANT A PART OR ATTRACTED 'BY A RESPECTABLE PS-DOHINATED LEFT BUT'IT IS ALSO A VOTE OR SO THE POLLS SUGGEST IilIICH LISTENS TO T E SIREN C ll OF THE PCF'S PROGRAnS AIID IilIleH IS CAPABLE OF ASTONISHING SIIITtHES IN ALLEGIANCE THI S FEO-UP- ¥OTE GIVEN THE B£L IEF EXPRESSED AEOVE THAT sn - SECRET -'-' '- -- --- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 goe No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 C06417009 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 DocNo C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 ' PAGE 01 ACTIOK IIiFO OCT-91 Departni ni- f State 'COpy PAlIIS 219J9 £5-91 ISO-O 9 Of B5 291248l 1004 II ------------------992u56 BI311Z 145 R 291120Z JUL 11 rM AI1EMBASSY PARIS TO SECSTATE ASHOC 6362 SEC RET SECTIon S OF 6 PARIS 21919 STAD 1SIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 0044 PARIS 21919 TELEG'RAM 95 OF 96 29124Sl ACCMPtlSHElI THE HIG lY USEfUL TASK OF GIVIN THE PS A CLOSER LOOK AT OUR VIEII OF REALITY THEY IIIL ALSO HAVE GIVEN PS lEADEas SOMETHIHG 110RE OF A CHAliCE THAN IHEY ARE liKE Y TO HAVE LAtER TO THINK AaOUT OUR POSllIOtl5 -- MORE FREQUENT MEETlHGS HIS PS COUNTERPARTS BET EN HIHECON AlID •• MORE FREQUENT CALLS 011 SEniOR PS LEADERS BY VISITIJIG SENIOR DEPART ENT OFFICIALS lIHDIS - DISSENT CHAnNEL DISSENT IIESSAGE FROM rso JOH R DOBRIN -- REGULAR EARLY IIMHING 01 SElECTED USG FOREIGN POlICY INITIATIVES THESE COULD BE JOKE BY THE EMBASSY IN A lOll-KEY IIAY UHlI ElY TO AllRACT PUBLICI TV AND COUlO BE QUICKLY CUT Ofr PH DCA - HOl D rOR DOSR IH ANT TO SAY IT lIE HAY HOT ntN IIANT TO THINK IT BUT OUR SUPPORT TO HITTERRAND AY HAKE A COIISIPERA8lE DIFfERENCE III THE AMOUHT OF THE CENTER VOTE HICH GOES TO HIH AllO HIS CAIIDIDATES AS OPPOSED TO THE PCF OUR RECEPJlON OF MITTERRANO 1I0UlO BE A SIGIIAl OF O LY OIIE THINC - OUR RECOGHITION or HIS STATURE AS THE PREEMIIIENT lEADER OF THE fRENCH OPPOSITIOII - HICH HAS IH FACT NEVER BEEN IN QUESTlolI BUT IT IS AlSO A GRACEFUL GESTURE TO A PROUD nAli HOSE tAST GOVERIIHENT UPERIEUCE liAS 2B YEARS AGO IIHOSE IHTERHAl lOGIC DOES NOT ECESSA 1l Y LEAD HI TO DEAt YITH THOSE WI rH HOM HE SHOULD DEAL AND NOSE COflCEPT Dr THE UNITED STATES COULD BE AS GREATLY IIlrtUEIICW AS liAS THAT OF fRIll MINISTER CAllAGHAN BY SUCH A EETING III TlllS CONNECT I Oil ONE IIIGHT HOT THE EXTenT TO H I CM FRAIICO US RElATIOtiS IN DE GAULLE'S TinE ERE POISOHEO BY THE G£HERAl'S BHIEr THAT HE HAD AlliAYS BEEII SHABBILY TREAHD fiy THE A ERICAIIS IT fOUlO BE lIEll HOT TO REPEAT THE SAllE ERROR IN PRHARING TO DEAL IIITH III TTERRAIID 11 CUTTING COSTS NOliE Of THE PROPOSITIOns HADE ABOy HAS TO BE IMPLEHEHTED IN A CATACLYSMIC IIAHIIER AND THE ONLY ONE HICH IS LIKElY TO RIIiG LOUD BEllS AT THE ELYSEE AND MIIGtiOH IS THE POSSIBILITY OF A lITTERRAIID CAll Oil PRESIDENT CARTER ·JI TING THAT THE PRESIDENT HAS ALREADV SEEN MARGARET THATCHER AIID OTHER OPPOSITIO'I LEl OtRS lIE HIGHT ElL IIISH TO EXPLAIN mAT lIE ReGAnl SUCH A CAll AS NOTHING HORE THAN A COURTESY PAlO TO T E OPPOS IT ION LEADER - AND COULD ALso NOTE THAT PRIHE HilliSTER BARRE'S TRIP HIGHT IIELt BE MOE AFTER A MITTERRAND VISIT SltlILARlY SHOUll tHE PRESIDENT DECIDE TO IIJ KE A TRIP TO FRlIlleE THIS YEAR KUCH Of THE I PACT IIOOLO OBVIOUSLY BE DIRECTED AT PROJECTING A STATESIlAJIlIKE IHAGE OF G1SCARD ie THE USG SHOULD EXPANII ITS OIALOGUE III TN THE PS ON FDREIGII POtlCY THE PS FOREIGN POl·ICY ESTABL ISH ENT IS RElATIVELY NEil TO THE GAIlE RElATIVElY INEXPERIENcED III THE DAY-TO-On CDIIoUCT OF OIPlOHACY AIID QUITE OPE TO PRIVATE DIALOGUE HILE SEIIIOR PS LEADERS CANKOT - FOR OBVIOUS POL IT I CAL REASONS - ADMIT IT PUBLICLY IHEY VERY hUCR IlElCOHE AIIO IN FACT SEEK GUT US VIElIS on VARIOUS FOREIGH POLICY TOPICS THE IIllllNGNtSS TO SEEK DIALOGUE lAS lONG AS SUCH DIALOGUE IS NOT PRESENTED AS A DEHAND fOR BLlIID ADHERENCE TO US POSITI OilS - READ AS LONG AS THE PS IS RELAT I VEl Y lORE FREE THAN HAT THEIR PERCEPTION SUGGESTS IS THE POS I TlON Of THE SPDI IS COUPLED YITH A HIGH DEGREE Of THEORETICAL ABILITY TO UNDERSTAND THAT 01 ALOCUE STill nORE IIIPORTA IT T ODAY'S PS IS REFRESHINGLY ABLE TO·DISCARD PRE-CONCEIVED IDEAS IN fAVOR Of PRAGHAT1C GOALS IN SHORT THE USG HAS A UNIQUE OPPORTUNITY IN TALKIHG IIlTHTODAY'S PS TO tONOUCT A KIND Of SUPERS£HINAR IN FOREIGN POLICY IE SHOUlO NOT NEGLECT THAT POSSIBlti n ROUT IHE lORKI NG-UVEl COl TACTS IIITH THE PS SHOULD BE UPGRADED TO I MCLUDE -- lDRE fREQUENT MBASSAOOR I Al LU CHES IIITH IIITT£RRAKO AND HIS TOP ASSOCIATES THESE LUNCHES COULD HAVE FI XEO AGENDAS A D HIGHT IlELl rDCUS Oll SUCH ISSUES AS US EC RElATIONS SALT IIBrR CIEC HAro nco EVEn IF THl EXCHANGES Of VIEWS ARE 0 A lOTALl Y ANOD IliE LEvn READ UlIClASS'IFI EDl THEY IIILL HAVE SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case NO F 2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 ------------------------ - -_ - ----_ - ---- - --- --- -- -- -- -- - - - - -- --- ------ C06417009 IED U S Department of State Ca2 2016-07743 Doc No C064Tioog- Date 10 11 2017 ·Department of State PAGE BI ACT ION SP-B2' INFO DCT-B1 PAR I 5 2lS19 ES-61 86 of 86 ISO-99 1004 II ------------------982183 PARIS 21979 96 8855 2912S gZ 29J319Z TELEGRAM or as 2smaz A GeOD BET TO sanE HO 'UGHT C11HERIIISE HAYE SUppeRlE HIli SUT IH rHE 'OST OF IT All THERE IS A TIDE OF RISIHG EXPECTATIONS HICK GIVES EVEN CONSERVATIVES IN FRAHeE A S HSE TRAT 1978 IS GOING TO BE DECISIVE THIS CABlE FINAllY IS A PLEA FOR GETTING THE s TOTAL OF OUR EGGS OUT OF THE GISCAR01AN BASKET BEFORE WE BECOIIE LINKED IN THE FRENCH PUBLIc niNO IIITH HAT COULD BE THE LOSIKG SIDE PERHAPS nagE IMPORTANT IT IS A SUGGESTION THAT BEGINNING TO ACT ON THE RESULTS OF THIlIKlNG THE UHTHIHKABLE COULD HAVE HIGH PAY-OFFS III THE nRY NEAR rUTUR HARTIIAII 14 R 29112fl JUL 71 FH AIIEMBASSY HRIS TO SECSfATE IIASHDC 6363 SEC R E' T SECT ON 6 OF 6' PARIS 21919 SUD I SIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII 1111111 III J II L1MDIS DISSENT CHAHNEL DISSENT I ESSAGE FRon FSO JDHH 'R DOSRIH PII DCA - HOLD FOR DOBRIN CONCL US IONS 12 I HY BOTHER TRADIflONAL DOCTRINE HAS IT THAT THE USG CAN aNL Y DEAL WITH A GOVERNMENT I H POIltR THIS DOCTRIHE HAS OFTEN SEEN BOTH BENT AND BRoKEN IN THE HISTORY OF US FOREIGN POLICY ITS APPLICATION IN raDAY'S fRANCE RAISES SEVERAL PROBLEHS - THE PRES IDENT OF tHE REPUSlI C 'I S AT THE HEAD OF A GOVERHKEHT NOT TOTALLY RESPONSIVE TO HIS IIlll 'AT THE HEAD OF A CABINET IIITH LITTLE POPULAR SUPPORT ON ANY HEANINGFUL POLITICAL LtvE'L AND AT THE HEAD OF A COALITIOI NEITHER OF HIS OlIN M I G OR CHOICE - OttL fOliE OF THESE THREE INSTRUMENTS OF P01l R CAN BE CONSIDERED AS RESP oIISIVE TO THE TOTALITY Of HIS REFORn PRO RAn -- THE LEADER OF THE OTHER OPPOS JTlOA JACQUES CHfRAC HAS CLEARL Y DEJIOflSTRATED THAT HE HAS THE CAPACITY TO PARALYZE TH£ PRESIDENT'S PROGRAMS AT ANY DMENT or HIS D H CHOOSING SO FAR THE KNOI ' EOGE THAT FRENCH PUBLIC OPIHIOH IS IIARY OF SPOILERS HAS KEPT HII1 FROM DOING SO BUT fHERE I S NO DUBr THAT tHe 'MAJORITY OF THE MAJORITY IS EYEING THE PRESIDENT IIITH SOftETHING LESS THAN AI'FECnON AND SOMETHING FAR NASTIER THAll ENYY AS THE ELECTIONS APPROACH -- TilE LEADER OF TKE LEFT OPPOSITION IS TRYING TO IHPOSE sonE SEIiSE OF REAUS ON A PARTY H leH HAS LONG SHOVH ITSEtF TO BE MORE CONcERHED BY ItARXIST RHETORIC THAN BY PRAGI ATlC POLITICS HORE OIALOGUE 1llTH US COULD HELP IN T AT PROCESS -- THE LEFT OPPOSilJON SHOULD IT COME TO PD1l R IIILL DO SO IIITH A suaSTANT IAt COMuilJ ST COMPONENT - ANYTHJNG IIIIICH IHPROVES -I1IlTERRAJIO' S II1AGE IIITH THE FRENCH PUBLIC ORKS AT LEASt IN THIS CASE TO THE DISADVANTAGE OF THE CONnUHlTS 19 THE eOTTOM LlIIE FRANCE IIAY BE RUNNING OUT OF TlHE AS SOME or THE GlOOMIER PROPHETS ON BOTH SlOES OF rHE POLITICAL BARRIER ARE PR£DltTfNG GIStARD NO LOnGER INS I RES COHF I OEIICE CH IRAC SCARES EVEII SOME Of HIS Ollit SUPPORTERS AHD nITTERRAND SOMEIIIIAT TARUSHED aV'HIS DEBATE IIITH SARR NO LONGER LOOKS LIKE SECRET ' - ' 7'- ---- - -- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case'No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417009 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case-N-o· -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431079 Date 11 13 2017 ' J ' RELEASE IN PART B6________ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO STATE OCT-01 • 314136 ES-01 180-00 S50-00· 004 R I' DRAFTED BY Sip R BARTHOLOMEW WES APPROVED BY ARA MR SHLAUDEMAN M LSEAGLEBURGER 5 s s-o S GOLDSMITH S PRS MR BROWN' ------------------310517Z o 310509Z DEC 76 ZFF4 • F SECST TE W RDC TO AMEMBASSr MEXICO NIACT IMMEDIATE LIM l - ST _ 136 crAL USE It CHANNEL 'FORl ____ __-- E O I FROM R BARTHOLOMEW S P_ 11652 N A TAGS c·CASe PlOR HI -- -' _ SUBJECT PRESS STATEMENT ON MOTOR TRAVEL IN SINALOA MEXICO 18290 I' REF 1 YOUR NIACT IMMEDIATE DISSENT MESSAGE SLUGGED FOR DEPARTMENT SPOKESMAN HAS BEEN REFERRED TO SIP HICH IS RESPONSIJ3LE FOR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES DEPARTMENT IS CONSIDERI G IT ON HIGH PRIORITY BASIS ·ROBINSON LHlI'fEB OFFIOIAL BSE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431079 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431093 Date 11 13 2017 C IRELEASE IN PART 86 or _ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - f· j S P NBO'fER EAG A lb 7b X2B790 SIP RBARTHOLOMEllh ACTIUG I t i PER LRUSSELL f ARA l ILUERS S IG RYOST I SIP ONLY °ROUTIt JE f BRIDGETotm - I • ·DISSENT CUANUEL RB NB ______ -0 f E O 11652 N A j TAGS APER I SUBJECT YOUR DISSENT MESSAGES I RY I I REF t FOR I BTN 1720 BTN 1750 r ACTING DIRECTOR SIP I FROM YE BELIEVE THE TWO REfERENCED SSAGES AND THE MATTERS THEY RAISE DO NOT FALL WITHIN INT DED PURVIE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL THE QUESTIONS 0 YOUR ATTENDANCE AT THE SAN JOSE MEETING AND OF YOUR TR lSFER FROM POST ARE ESSENTIALlY ISSUES RELATING PRESONAL Y TO YOU AND nOT THE MATTERS OF POLICY FOR WHICH THE DISSEU CHANNEL IS INTEUDED YOUR· ORIGINAL DISSENT WAS PROPERLY TA EN UP THROUGH THE CASP MECHANISM AND DID NOT INVOLV THE OFFICIAL DISSENT CHANNEL IT IS SIP'S PRIMARY conCERN U THIS AREA TO GUARD AGAINST SANCTIons fOR USE OF THIS 0 FICIAL CHANNEL AND IT IS CLEAR AT LEAST THAT THE REQUEST OR YOUR TRANSfER IS HOT BASED 1 UPON A SUBMISSION IH THA CHANNEL f 1 I II I 2 ITH THIS SAID SIP IS CONCERNED ABOUT YOUR CASE AND THt REQUEST FOR YOUR TRANSFER IT IS THE CLEAR POLICY OF THE DEPARTMENT TO ENCOURAGE PRESENTATION OF ALTERNATIVE POINTS 'OF VIEU on POLICY ·ISSUES AND TO AVOID AT ALL COSTS Ar Y J L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064310_93 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431093 Date 11 13 2017 - FORM DS 322A OCR LIMiTED OFFICIAL USE SANCTIO S I I -' OtJ INDIVIDUALS WHO f'lAY HOL DlFFE ING I VIEhlS • j f 3 S IG ARA AND PER HAVE SBtN 'PROVIDED ITH COPIES Of THE REFERENCED CABLES PLANNING A SPECIAL INSPECTION OF BARBADOS TO DETERMINE MORE DETAILS OF SIiUATION WE BELIEVE iHE ISSUE OF WHETHER RETALIATION fOR EXPRESSION OF DISSENT PLAYED A ROLE IN THE REQUEST FOR YOUR TRANSFER SHOULD BE THORQUGHLV EXPLORED BY INSPECTION AND HAVE SO ADVISED S IG WHILE WE BELIEVE THE ISSUES IN THIS CASE DESERVE FURTHER EXPLORATION IN OUR VIEW THE nJSPECTION IS THE APPR OPRIATE IMMEDIATE MECHMJI'S'fh If YOU ARE SO INCLINED FOLLOWING RESULTS OF THE INSPECTION WE ADVISE THAT YOU PURSUE THE GRIEVANCE SYSTEM YHICH IS ALS6 AN APPROPRIATE TECHNIQUE YY I' I L 1·' 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06431093 Date 11 13 2017 ' Doc o C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTM ENT 'OF STATE Washln ton D C RELEASE IN PART 86 20520 April 9 1976 CQNF IDE l'±'IAh ' Information Officer USIS American Embassy Rome Italy 'Dear I- - -_ _--11 86 Your message of February 3 in the dissent channel has been referred to me for response We have read it with care and discussed it with'specialists on Ita iarr affairs' in the Bureau of European Affairs and elsewhere in the Department ' The c Omments that follow address your points in the order you present them 1 Opinions will differ about how successful U S policy toward Ita y has been at various times since 1945 Few would disag ee with your statement that U S po icy over the years has been anti-Communist in Italian affairs and that we have worked closely with the Christian Democratic Party--the' plurality party after all and the leader pf every government But our objectives went beyond securing bases in Italy or as in our support for the opening to the· left in the '1960 1 s ' strengthening- the anti- _ Communist majority as ends in themselves On the contrary it is not mere rhetoric to say that we have favored and worked for a democratic Western-oriented and prosperous Italy We have therefor supported parties and government alignments whi9h seemed likely to implement policies to those ends We hoped that the center-left formula would lead ·to reforms in Italian government and society which we as well as that formula's Italian supporters could see even in the 1950's were acutely necessa y The period of the center-left was marked in fact by notable economic growth and a rked improvement of the average Italian's standard of living • We egret as much as anyone that necessary reforms did not keep pace with this growth I do not believe however that the U S Government need take responsibility for the center-left's failures ' We could not then nor can we now dictate the policies of Italian governments even those' that were· most pro-U S and pro-NATO in their foreign policy orientations eOUPIDEloi' IAL GDS - -- '-- _-'---------------_ --________ -- ·· · ·· · - '· · 'r Ui UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 86 Ca eJ o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S DE partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 CONPIDEN' PIAL -2- 2 The e can be no question but that the disclosures and allegations about covert u s actions in Italy official ann private have had an adverse effect on the 'u s image und u s influence How many Italians are surprised ho'i ' many are shocked how many are now likely to translate their feelings into' support for parties that are hostile to the u s and NATO--that is very difficult to tell I am not convinced however that such ac£ions taken together and even less our m ch more important overt policies toward Italy qave had no results 'but the pegative ones you list in section B of your message Ita y-has remained a democratic country for-30 years andhas enjoyed peace relative stability and marked economic growth Things might have been better but in light of 'the country's past they might also have been much worse However difficult the present situation that surely does not simply blot out the country's achievements in past years Some Itali 9 ns may choose now to blame the u s 'for their problems but that does not ean that they are right 3 Looking to the future let me take your-suggestions in order It is Qot possible and I believe i would not' have a'positive ffect to comment publicly on past covert activity or issue selt-denials'about future activity Even if our statements would convince the doubting which is itself doubtful to do this in Italy would l ead to pressures to do the same elsewhere That would not be possible The marginal gain in Italy if any would be more ·-than· outweighed by the renunci ation of policy levers which whatever past abuses or miscalculations there may have been still retain some utility in some kinds of situa ' tions-_-a view which Congress clearly share · 4 There is every reason to'affirm publicly--and I believe that spokesmen for the U S Government have done s o and should continue to do so--that we hope that Italy will remain a-democratic prosperous We tern-oriented country with a government which will addr ess the pressing problems of the country more effectively than has been done in the recent past Certainly we look to and encour- age· the- democratic parties to do this- -- certain1 y-the U S is ready as you suggest to provide appropriate encouragement and overt help particularly economic to this end r am more skeptical than you however that' there is a great deal to be gained by conspicuously stepping up 'exchanges with the Italians in'science technology and so CONFT CEMTIAL tfJ ' --' - - _-- ' -- -- -------- -------------- ----------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No E -2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 ------------------------------------- ------ UNC l -SSW IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 CONFIDEN fIAL -3 forth The fundamental problems we·--and they--are addressing concern' the effectiveness of the administration and above all the will of the political class to 'make changes hich are required by the country's rapid economic growth I do think however that we should reexamine and if possible strengthen our contacts with the Italian academic community 5 We have as I understand improved our contacts with the Italian Socialist' Party as shown by the invitation to de l-1artino to visit this country and made clear that we look to-it-a-s-an-indispensable element in the government coalition We should continue on this path to the limit dictated by the PSI's own concern to avoid at this point an excessive u s embrace At the same t me we re convinced here that the PSI is most likely to be drawn to the democratic option out of its own self-interest if there is a renewed and hence stronger DC for it to deal with The U S policy of encouraging renewal of the DC '-is thus conceived as helping to strengthen the democratic parties as'a group including particularly the PSI ' I 6 As you might guess in-house research on the PCI and contacts 'with academic experts are increasing steadily I do not think that any amount of research will tell us just how the PCI would behave if it ever comes to share power--or if it dOes not But there is no question nor has there been for a long time of thinking about the PCl as if nothing had changed since t e 1950's in Italian ___ E umstances and within the party itself 7 The problem of our stance toward the pcr is of course at the heart of our problem with Italy today We must distinguish among these el rnents of the problem a Even' if the Department wished to ask Congress to amend the immigration act so as to drop the provisions 'excluding Communists from the U S --and I believe that in the current state of East-West relations it would no't be 'useful-t·o -do ··s·o -- there'-i -s--l--it t e- pros pect- -that Congres s would agree Some thought is being given in the Department to the long-term question B t any action that might be taken on this issue would have to be taken at a high political level and with rega d to Congressional a well dS international considerations ON E Il EU'%'IAL ' 'R''' o __ 45 ''''''' '''''' ''-'''''''''' - --- -- •• - - i o r ' - - - - - - - - - - - ----- - ------- --------------_ --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-97743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 COHFIDDN'i'IAL -4 b The vexed question of r€ cornrnending waivers for particular Italian Communists as of course opened the Departm mt to criticism from much of the u s academic 'conununity Oll the grounds of rigidity blindness to change and so forth In fact our policy not to grant such 'waivers has a more precise basis namely that the U S should do nothing in the pre-electoral period to make the situation of' the democratic parties more difficult than it already is We may not be able o do much to help the Christian Democrats Socialis s and others but we might weaken hem ·fur ther by an action which would suggest and __ you know how quick the Italians are to read subtle signals into small actions that we are ready to accommodate the PCl in power In fact we do not think PCI entrance into the cabinet or ·the majority is inevitable any more than we think it is desirable from the point of view of Italy's well-being or our own--for reasons set out by the Secretary on March II ' c As long as we think this we w ill do nothing now or in the future to make PCI entry more nearly inevitable whether with respec t to visas or contacts in Rome The cost of thi policy is to expose us if the PCI does come to power to the charge of having been shortsighted But there are' compensating or overriding benefits One is to make it at least margin lly less likely hat the PCl will come to power ' Another is to give the PCI further InCentive--out of power--to evolve toward democratic acceptability lIt conclus ion let me repeat that we are not ignoring the specifics of the Italian situation We are well aware of the weaknesses and fragility of the status quo European and global considerations do certainly enter into our thinking about Italy and they support our' continued' preference for a government based on democratic progressive pro-Western parties I believe we' have little choice but to do what we can--little enough perhaps -to that end Althoug·h-it -is ·-t ru-e that-- we-are-betting on and-hoping for developments in Italian politics which will not include PCI participation in the government we realize of course that elections may bring the 'Communists into the COtu 'It3EU'f'IAL a w • t y t '''''''f'J$ M_ - -_ _ 'T '___ mfll l 'l • - ' ••• • --' -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 Qoc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSI IED u s D epartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431369 Date 11 13 2017 CONPIDEN'%'IAL I -5 I majority or the cabinet We are th nking ahead carefully to the conditions and choices we would then face We do __ not believe there is anything in our present policy that will put us in a position from which we will be unable to adapt appropriately to the new situation Sincerely yours L4 Winston Lord Director Policy'Planning Staff cmilPIDEU IAL - -- - --- - - - - --- - - - - _ _ - 0- - • 't T ----------- ------ ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C0643 1 369 Date 11 13 2017 l ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431621 Date 11 13 2017 p p G 0 1· L f PAZ 0 Si 7 3 12 2 17 I u -' ACT 0 r'1 lllL LL IRELEASE IN FULLI I INfO I' 'l I · I '3 12 1 5 Z 0 CT 17 FM II I i H·W s -v t r AZ ' f •• •• TO SECSTrdt 'Wf SHDC IMMEDIATE N·8 I· f f ' Lit IE DOff I CI AL USE l 1 PAZ 8 77 5 'r _ fl - 'I ' I _____ __ _ i l · PI C 1 _________ _ nU7I LS _________ _ t 1 -1 ' IT £ 0 1 1 65 2 IJ A TAGS lAB Bl SUB J E T- 1 I tl n r R0 P0 SH f fOR ASS 1ST fI NeE TOO Ri T I rt · i t I ' 1 MiSSIO ·l HAS NO SERiOUS OBJECTIONS WITH AIFLD PROPOSAL H0 'it VER• MIS 5 I Gi DOE S BEL EVE THft T SO litE CON SID ERA T I 0 II SH0II L BEG I VE N TOP 0 SiD a NEG AT I fee iJ SE0UENe EI S T R I TIS 1MF GE I N l ATIN A·i j£ RIC ASH 0UL D I T Ace EPT U5 G FUr- 0 I HG 0 RI T HAS BEE 'c RI ric I ZEO' I I PAS T FOR BEl f' GOO iii I HAT 0 BY AFl - ClOA N0 Ace f PTA II CEO F IJ SG f UrJ 0 I HG III AY SUUJ ECi I TIN FUTURET 0 CIi RGES 1l F I 0 M LE n T11 AT I TIS l 0 t i I Nfl TE BY U G 2 l J f3 0 R h T TAC11 0 ISS £ NTS FIi 0 fii AB 0 VE IN BEL I EFT Il AT nAMAG -T 0 OR I TJ S I MAG E 0 Ui WE 1GB S AHY PO 5 S II LE BE NEf ITS fRO M PRO PO SAL SEPAR ITE CABL·E BElllG SENT THROUGH DISSEIH CHAIHiEl BOEKER' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431621 Date 11 13 2017 • f ------------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431530 Date 12 11 2017 -_ _- ---- - --- ----- --- -------------- --------- ---- - ---- i ' RELEASE IN PART I' 86 l C9NfIBENTIAI S P RFEIN8ERG RYM EXT 20822 SIP PKREISBERG 11 30 77 SUBS ARA-MR F MCNEIL SIP ONLY ROUTINE SANTIAGO -----_ - ---- - FROM LAKE-SIP PHKf 86 Rf pr fMK E O 11652 GDS TAGS C1 SHur1 SUBJECT LETTER fROM PRESIDET NT CARTER TO PRESIDENT PINOCHET-DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF j ' 1 A SANTIAGO 09018 B STATE 262398 C SANTIAGO 8838 i 1 AS YOU ARE' AWARE THE VIEWS PRESENTED IN YOUR RAPKD lID AND THOUGHTFUL DISSENT MESSAGE WERE GIVEN IMMEDIATE CONSIDERATION AT THE HIGHEST LEVELS F THE USG '-1 j J 2 YOUR FIRST CONCERN CENTERED ON THE PROPOSED PRISONER RELEASES THE JUDGMENT HERE TO GO AHEAD RESTED O THE BE'LIEf THAT THE LETTER WAS PRIVATE NOT TO BE MADE PUBLIC AND THEREFORE OfFERED 'NO PU8Llr CHALLENGE TO THE GOe THAT WOULD IMPEL IT TO GET BACK AT US ON THE PRISONER RELEASE QUESTION WE BELIEVE THAT YOUR CON' ERN ABOUT GIVING RECOGNITION 'TO PRISONER RELEASES COULD BE MET 8Y THE STRATEGY OUTLINED IN PARAGRAPH FIVE REFTEL C THAT IS IF THE GOe TRANSLATES ITS ACCEPTANCE Of THE'IeEM PROPOSAL INTO ACTION THE JSttUSG WILL MAKE THE PROMISED PUBLIC RESPONSE J l J 1 j i t 3 THERE WAS INTENSIVE RECONSIDERATION OF THE QUESTION Of WHETHER THE USE Of THE' WOR j QUOTE RESTORE UNQUOTE IN THE PRESIDENT'S LETTER IMPLIE' A RETURN TO A SPECIFIC SET Of I' r ' • r eOUC'Tnr- ITTAI n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431530 Date 12 11 2017 ' -- - - - _------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06431530 Date 12 11 2017 ------- ----------------- 12 eoNfiDElnIAt INSTITUTIONS THE F·INAL DECISION RESTED ON THE BELIEF TlHA i THE PHASE QUOTE TO RESTORE TO CHILE THE VIGOROUS AND OPEN DEMOCRATIC TRADITION UNQUOTE ID NOT NECESSARILY REFER BACK TO PRE-1973 INSTITUTIONS BUT RATHER TO A MORE GENERAL TRADITIONOt OF HONORING DEMOCRATIC PRACTICES AND PROCEDURES THE PHRASE WAS MEANT AS A RESTATEMENT OF THE GLOBAL ADMINISTRATION POLICY OF PREFERRRtING DEMOCRACY NOTABLY IN A COUNTRY WITH A LONG HISTORY' OF IT 4 COPIES OF YOUR MESSAGE WERE DELIYERED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS AND THE NSC 5 YOUR USE· Of THE DISSENT CHANNEL IS COMMENDED YY J · ' i 1 ' · ' ' 1 'J 1 J j J j I ii I ' j · 'jj I 'J I - i J ' I _ • # _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06431530 Date 12 11 2017 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445819 Date 12 11 2017 _ _ _ _ _ _-_--___ 1 - - - -4 _ 1 LEASE IN PART - - I ' r J Li _t k ' ' _ V-I-' - -_- --_ ' ' - ' tt-I II p '• ' fri ' nU' d - 06t9bE'r 20 1975 r To Sp p - · 'i'I in E t Lol n - L or Cd '--_ _ From A c rK£ L '----T'1 1 - -_ _ _ I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I ' - ' ' ---- SUbJ'ect Dissent P per on Dept's Policies on Terroris t 7 I dissent fro'a the following 1 The Dept procl3 i ns t h3 t it w_l'l not negoti ite with terrorints 'see tt 3 ched • L he Dept gives as its reason th'3 1i this poli cy deters fut re kidn ppings Di s eI t g r n s ' th s 'Polic y __ is_ n thin nore th In 9 slogan llke don't gl ve l p the shl p The H l na stua y-sno Ted tha t ta a coantry's policy on terrorism reg trdlpss of · h3 t the policy is is he le st signific n1i factor in terrori tsl planning a tion lnd re·'1ction ' The H nd st td 'T lso showed there is no b lsis i'cT ' alleging that the no negoti3 tion olicy actU 11ly a eters kidn l p 'ine s I h 1ve s· iid 3 grelt de3 1·more on this s'l bjeet in letters memma etc 'iVhicl1 ' he cept llf3 S out h 1s ignored t other th'ln 1 0 co n nissio l the Rind et ldy and then throw 3 ' 3 y the rf'sults bec use hey do not fit in th·the Deptls pre-conceived notions · 2 'The -De'Dt paniahes A nb3 I S 3 dors V ho -s ccesst'illly negoti'ite to sa ve - -li ves e' ·See --the la X J l RJ i ' -· Beverly ·- ' 3 rter ·episode -- - ' _ ' ' -Dissent lrgll lents' since L'believe_ th'3 t-negoti-1tinp -·to S3 ve lives is not 0 11y desir' l ble in itself ·b lt ustlilly shows 3 high deg ee of di-rlom· Ltic 'skill plllS ·ph ysic-1l- nd -Jor tl _ ' _ cou r ige ' I reco' l'1 end tli L1i in offici l who does this S ollld be - praised x x i r lb_ic· lly Do YOil re LJ ize 'tihe effect the C l rter episode ill h ive O J JS Govt 'offici'tIs fhe' ess l ge is cle ir S 3 ve lives lna I lin yo xr ovm c lreer ' - 3 The Dept ref lses eve to finish the R nd s'tiAdy nroject I'he C Lse stLldies L1Clu ding the one on Kh irtoum which W'3 S the maj or point of '1 origin 11 reqaest fo In inde ende 3 t t'-ldy ·· hive never been delivered to the ne t eve olgh they ire finisiled beci ne ii1 1e Dept refuses to -p '1 ' 'or them I 'l sure he Der t is lfr id the C 1se st ldies show SO' le offici·lls i J cl' l ing - high-r t lki 1g ones m ki lg errors hich c1 lI ed loss of life Does no one h we the g tts to ·-e' thepe st l dies 1nd lear l fro n _ them ' 't'ay lre e lHnishing sO' e 0 3 9 like 3'ev C ir1ier l hc ' ' S -c ce i ed ' 1d cove ri 16 up f o o md ors whO 'iled - • - - • • • • 0' ' ' ' - • ' # - ' SIFIED Department of Sta ' ·' · 6-07i43 ·D No bi44 5 9 -6 e' ' 1 017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445819 Date 12 11 2017 '1 t v J t I -' i'he most i'nportJ nt p-1r of the R ld study e g the sectio 1 cO 1t i ling reco illend I tio 1s for findings l nd w u JJfor C i1 3 i15es in policy W1S rejE cted ind ordered to oe CJ J' re-I' 'ri 1 t en in I form p 3 1 l t t ble to the J ept by wltering down the conclusions and pl3 cing the o in l sep r te annex So the end resal t h s not yet a pe lred and when it does it will l3 ck cl1rity nd iillp ct gLin the Dept prefers to risk hum'l 1 lives r'lther tn3 n face the fact th t its policies re i perfect The Dept does not even ke the existi 1g sections of the s illdy v I il l ble to officers h 3 ndling host l ge siut itions ibe l I w l lin itF Ie 9u ring t 'J e Canz In p -Z l ire case the office diredtor wa 10t told of the studies nd only saw them when I -h·J nded ny own copies to hi l for his per sal do te o e of the firs t concl sions of the R md t ldy W I S th3 t e1 ch ne Jrl oE- t·3 ge_si t l ltion W'lS h'3 ndled '- a s L f no previ o J S experie dce 9 S a vai 13 ole The Zaire case illust r l ted th lt perfectly Dissent vie need the R3 nd study let I s get it and use it 4 i'he - Dept public 3 lly diso' ms Amb1 ssadors who llse 6 ffici3 1 reSOllrces to ssist in negotitting the relelse of c ptives See the C rter story fet e rter did not ike nv ore URP of reso· lrces th3 n other mb'lss l dors h lve i l other Cflses f r nsom oaey h s oee 1 shi ed by'nouch stored in ofiici l safes 'l ld perso 1s cont icting kid J 'OperD h ve o e 1 escorted 'by JS E lb ssy offici3 ls If the Dept sticks ' i th disc ' li l Amb l ssadors who do this then in f· ture c lses d J O iss3 dors will hesitite to se sich reso rces • Dissent ll reso rces sho ld be used to s ve lives 'l si on 5 The -Dept- insists on- 3 nno ncing un - every possi ole o 'c -lnd·on-i J s t cting pqS1 S to do the s3 'JJ e ·th l t ' e do lot give in-to bl3 cliIl3 il _p3 y r tnsom or rele l se prisoners These phr 3 ses especi 1 l1y give i 1 to · l·J ck n il' -3 re neg'ltive in their ii JP Lc t on l host ge s ttultion ' ind cO lfase not only the p l bliC 1see tne Eg il1 c'a se but 3 1so i' lpede negoti itions even when the litter '3 re going on -ori v 3 tel Y If ' e ' r lnt to negoti lte -'bllt t ny ag ee nent we Hke with the kidn Lppcrs even if only p blishing ' 1 le t ter Iro 1 3 hoet ge is going to be interpre ed as giving in to bl 1Ck Hil ll then rie h·_'l ve t o contr3 dictory policEs rU 1 J i tg he ld on into eich ther As 10 '1 S thos ins t ' J ion eXist p stsA hC s a ge 8i t' l J tions are gOl TIg to m'lKe the s 1e ll stake 3 ff 2 1 l L1Q l 5 3 1n by ir J aediltely 3 n lo l ncing e dO l't give i 1 to bl·lCkr 3 il just when the si t· tiO l is nost te_1se ind when the g ·e l test· fl xioility is needed ' • • 'I --- • - - - --- -- - - 'j '· 5 · - ' '- ' ·EI -'- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445819 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445819 Date 12 11 2017 Dissent issue ins1 ruct ons to everyo le from the President in the White Ho se' se Krtarto 1l c 3 se thru the' Secr ·t3 ry of St ite see tile I nz l ni-3 c ise on dOVln to the lowliest clerk not forge'li ing the I1 tt rne 7 3-ener3 1 of the United Stltes who t -l 1ked too uch d l ring a hostlge situ3 tion ' hen the post ' s very wisely r3 i lt ii l L'lg tot il silence when yO l h3 ve hos t ige sit Htion clese -ro· r 1' lo th dodt say i llytl1ing lbO 1 t our policy other th3 n th''lt v·'e desire to keep co nunic3 tions open Pii 7iIOD - 6 The L ept gives first priority to ' orking ·ith ina th o' gh the hos i gov6r 1 lent i ld only 1 S 3 last J '8sort· works directly ·with the Jierroris t s l 111S_ ls 9 a '1I'Lif ic i 11 priority _ hich may m ke sense in ny ordi ry 9iplo tic situ ti but is irrelevent to 3 host ge sit 1 l tion whl re thr' firs-'- - riority is to sJ ve lives ' Dissent instruct posts to t ke wh tever·steps re needed directlYD or thr l the hos t governm ent depending on wh' l t will be moSt effective to s' l ve lives 7 The Dept 'has n Lny str3 nds of policies ent'ingling hostage situ tions rel tions with foreign co ntri s good public rel'3 tions i ill 3 ge etc We ire enc l ·' lbered by 9 11 this md distr cted by it The sole policy is SAVE LIVES Dissent revise l ll--instrllc tions ·to' eli i'n3 te ide''l s which are there· selely for press -re l 1 ions · p lrpose s · 'l fld 'get down to the -h 3 rd core ' Vie lore not rU J ing an advertisin o ca p tign' _ vIe lore trying - 0 issue i lstructions to 's 3 ve # lives hese-i str ctions sho ld'be s cle r nd simple and free of cO lfusing cl tter -- 1s t11e insijrurtions in 8 firs t-a id kit which tell yO J how to stop sO'ueone from - _ bleeding to dea th g pply direct pressure to the wO l nd ll -'''-'--- -- Conclllsio n 'I h'lve been trying since 1 971 to 'N1Sh the DepJ rtrJent a 3 y fro n its 3 chis no-i l lge self-concerns into an o t a rd-looki J g policy which viorries 3 bout host 'lgps rd ther th 3 U how the Dept will look I 'elie- e S01 e li'ves m 3 y h lve oeen lost 3 nd others endSl ngered by the Dept's reflls l l to nove • I i hink the ti ne h3 s CO J 8 to ask the Jeut to find i he ill or ll co r lge to t lke the R3 nd study 3 d ni t past list ikes Lnd issue 3 new o'licy ins1 ru ' tiona hich ' is simply Keep quiet public' lly negoti'lte ' ' - - • • 0'- - - ' 1' _ • ' 4 ' ' - - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No C06445819 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446211 Date 12 11 2017 OI'TI • fORM ho J RELEASE IN PART MAl''''''ItrIITlDH GSA I'PfoIII 41 CII1I ' I' 86 UNlTED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum Mr Lake TO SIP PROM PA FOI - L-I_ _ _-------'I SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL DATE October 16 1978 Placement of Classification Review Staff I dissent from the decision unannounced but I understand already reached to place the propos d classification review staff in the Bureau of Administration A instead of the Bureau of Public Affairs PA Background On June 1 1977 PRM 29 initiated a study of the classification declassification system as defined in EO 11652 a study which culminated on June 29 1978 in the signing of EO 12065 replacing EO 11652 and making several changes in it During the year of study the Department was represented at White House meetings by PA SIP and L and the Council on Classification Policy CCP was I intensely involved and was kept aware of all developments CCP has seven members including PA L and A In OctoberNovember 1977 a series of working groups under the Ccp's direction began work on various aspects of the new order from which emerged the recommendation that systematic declassification at 20 years the core provision of the new order should be carried out by a new centra1 zed declassification staff This provision was contested by the substantive bureaus but was unanimously adopted by the CCP in a meeting of May 15 At the same meeting the CCP voted 6-1 to place the declassification staff in PA The vote against was cast by the A representative The A bureau's view was that the function and related functions should be placed in A Just before the CCP meeting A sent a memo to M proposing that declassification FOI functions and Privacy be combined under the Director o'f FADRC On receiving the CCP recommendation M requested the Inspector General to study the question The Inspectors' lengthy report submitted to M on July 25 1978 recommended the establishment of a central reviewing staff in PA with record-keeping functions to be centralized in A 'the report did not spell out how this would be done No copy of this report has' been officially made available t PA Bu ' U S Savi11gJ BrmdJ R egularly 011 the Payroll Savings Plan UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446211 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471812 Date 01 11 2018 ·I LE PART - ---------------------_ - 86 Ii ev ItIR E - 0 '1 O U HO TO Depe rtm mt ' U RECEIVEO I r co NT 1-' II HI X1 II AIR RMY etA NIo VY PRn • a -p- --u'''''II --J -N- - -I FROM HEF r I I RS AN ANALYSIS BRANCH mcorJsul HJILI71LX DATE July 21 1972 U S Aseistc nce to Essentiully TotalitariG '1 Regir 1es Value of Old UiffiR 1 and China Reliei' Hission Approaoh state A-35 59 lIpril 8 I DISSENT CP hNNE L I 86 I 11 5 a l eti i 1g 'SO Hith 29 yea rs of tlovcrnn ent service I vlould lilto to sU Gost that the Ur i ted States GoVernment 'iould in the lont rUll ensure its scc lri ty more effecti'Vol by reducing i ts ·assist nt Lilld 1 0 ties ' 0 ef p nti ly totaliteri m goverru cnts I' Y comments ' 'e prin nl'ily d ' rected at totaJ i t ric govel'rur ents of the right such as lI '3ce Brazil iirgcmtina E kistD- and P aeuaJ' inst1 T uch as e alre O r provide little assistEJ' ce to Inost of the totalitarian goverIT e ts of the left • 1 1 U C I t r - '- 0 I 26 4 43 P f72 This airgrem transmits a dissenting vie '1 submitted by 1 30-21 I I I Princip l OfficG r '-----------' • -- ---4--1 I' r- J JUL SlIBJECT Dissent Hessogci 1 I DEPh RH EIIT OF STATE it ' - - 1 '1 J i p'r i of State 'lithout going irito My detail it h s been my iJr pression thr t l uch of the aid hus not been ei'foctive17 ufled and has often gOM to th se indi rid al s - 00 ru ready are Hell off Even more ll 1fol'tuliet' ly C1lL' aid haS been interproted 2 5 appro val of undemocw· tic ref ir es e find f dmiral Hoorer in his 4eN Year's m cssage of several Y U's OleO praising our tine ties ' 'Ti th Brazil at the v' ry time that the tie York ' 'ime's and' other 'S Ul' CCS' are· cl ocurnsnting t9rture d l ie thods UiS d in r • • •' preventing free expression of opinion ' I I recall that in the final days of the United 'iaticns Relief and Rehabilitation Admirastration mlK assistance pro ram and in the work of its i S l3upported successorI' the China ilelief J ission em·i those prograr ls· liere quite successful in rnainta i un$ I3fficiency in th ir operations by simply cutting off aid to regions I-Ihenever corrcptior was noted i L -1 LIi TtL Ilr' N by O 'F Cr USE I mt _ - -- _ - 86 - --- - -- _- - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471812 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No c i' S' i F 2016-07743 Doc No C06471812 Date 01 11 2018 2 ' E GE ' 'u I' ' · r'''f --I 't' ' No public' statement · as made but lo 'officials kne j 'Thy the aid had stopped This produced good results considering the chaos of the time on m8inlc nd Chinn in the midst of a civil Tar III believe that 'a $ r ilar appro ch' might be use£uJ ly considered in oUr aid too those cOm tries that are unrepresentative in their ' 1 ' I 0' ' 86 UNCLASSIFIED ·U S Depa ment f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471812 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472160 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 LINI1'ED OF'F'ICIAL USE 20 4 ugus t 19'12 C Dear Mr Yo r response to my telegram WIlS ost in·for 'rIat i It wal ' quite detailed an d included lJorious it ems'in 'jiscrepancy with ideas and information One particular case was the with- V holding of assi stance by uarious internat jonaL rel ie ' agencies fiJi source information 0 the Tegucipalpa l 1GS r·ew caper et Dia which printed a 'press release from UP on June 30 concerning the suspension 'ot aid by unnamed agencies 4nother discrepancy concerned an anticipated disaster relief fund which I Ulas retucta nt to agree with du e to danger of i proper usoge y sou rce here UJas an art iele by tAr ed in the New YorK Times i3en famin elLs that anpear- on June'25· page 2 He wa s judged by my cohorts as beinp familiar with Burundi and l the poLitical itutat ion there Your res nonce indicated the f inton that ret ief funds could be properly monitored 1 do hore that opinion holds true • 48 you can ·see nO 1e of 'I' rreuiou s infor17lot ion ell 'e raft' • • • official sources but ro wo ewspaprr artic es rea1ilp ouai able to thousands of r eoplq Yet my tetegro l woE rror lassi ied to Limited Of ficial- Use lnd thus so is the letter I do not understand all the intricacies of the Burundi preblem but it se ms lixely that the information is clal'l ified as a r sult of the potential i orarizing of our rela tions with Eurundi or' neigh'loring countries bel ieue that we toolt a 'Just table approach to the tribal strife ill urundi blft Ju st ftable of'ly' in the light of the appeared 'tc e 'lett r you sent 1·e The sitotion as it was c'entered around the arpo nt 'ent of a'1 ambas- sqdor to Burundi and the desire to with th unfort unate that such mined general dis ent ainto'n good relotions Burundi gouernment regardless of the octiuies It is back Jround'in or ation informat ion tele ram T probablu would not 1·' lIJe iu'l a had I xnown what 1 possible howeuer canrot be deter- xno t' now It st i l Z seems that a ' reech cf ir r lomatic rqlotions mipht UNITED OF'F'ICIAL u e UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472160 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472160 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE FAGE 2 Ilaue been a potential approach although not solution • udg- inp by tne absence of re ort8 of Burundi th situation appar- ently has settled 1 thanh you again for responding to my queries Yours trulu 86 General Services Officer Tegucigalpa 'J Limi ed Official Use - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472160 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472919 Date 01 11 2018 t' RELEASE IN PART 86 REBUS ' IMITEO OF IC%A • • - ' use elATE e 714 • q • CUSe NT CHANNE E O U 5 a N A I I 'TAGSIOGe N Wpncu ·e i tRM § UR Ay'''n' ' • stAn 20e8 11 ' ln4 '·T rstR etoR - 86 01' alP THE DEPARTMENT HAS COMPLETEO ITS REVIEW OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE TO THE DIRECTOR O SIP' CONCERNING CONGRES 'vuns OWING TC THa URIDUSNESS' Oil' THE USUES YOU RAISED ' YOUR RECOMMENo TIO S WERE REV%EWEO'peR80NA V ay TFlE DEPUTY UNDER SECRIn RV POR MANAQltM NT- ANI ' 8Y KEy CHANN UON gl'FXCERS-IN 'TH eURuu··OI'· CONQRE88XONA R ' ATXON8 ' T ' O'''lCE O THE EGAL ADVI R ANa THE O ICY' PL NNtNG 8T ' 2 CURR NT XN8TRUCTIQN8 FOR HANO ING CONGRESSXONAL VIstT8 ARE SET FDRTH %iiI DEP RTMENT C RCO R AiUJU5 OF OCTCSER' is '97e TRa'CONTENTa'OP TR%S tRGRAM-HAVE RECENTLV'BEEN R VIEHEO ANO' UPDATeD AND-ARE'TO iE pue zaHED 8 ORt Y AB _ u • • • •• • - _ • • • • I I _ • ' L M TeD QfF A SE L MX Eg FEXCIA a PA I ee BTATE i __ A_ E W SECTION 01' THE 'I'OREIGN AFFAlR8 MANUAL' 'r _ O ' 'O' - i ' -- _ _ o p - - -- U • • _ _ 4 _ _ _ _ - _ _ • 0 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472919 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472919 Date 01 11 2018 · ' - V · • l l 7iI • •• • 04 ' _ · 9 I 1 ' ' ' - s UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472919 Date 01 11 2018 'UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473684 Date 01 11 2018 _ _ __ _-----'----_ - ----_ __ __ _------------ --- RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STA1'E WO$hlnglon D C 20 20 September 19 1974 86 Alternate Country Director Office of Central African Affairs Room 4238 ---1f L -_ _ _ _ _ _ Thank you for· your letter to Nr Lord of September 15 1974 in which you resubmitted your dissent message concernin g the sale of a DC-B to Gabon I have discussed your l pa'per with Mr Lord and other responsible Members of the Policy Planning Staff We 'lould plan as indicated in my le ter to you of July 16 1974 to bring your dissent to the attention of the Secretary if the Bureau of African Affairs were to make a recommendation with which you were not able to concur J' As you acknowledged in your letter of September 15 the Secretary's schedule would make it unlikely that he could read the large number of documents which you forwarded under the cover of that letter I am of the opinion that an oral briefing as you recommended would be inapprop riate and would like to make the suggestion that you condense you dissent 'message to a memorandum to Mr' Lord of about t 10 pages The memorandum should be on Department stationery I believe a document of this length wou d have the best chance of receiving the Secretary's full attention I hope this suggestion meets with your approval and await the revised dissent memorandum a your earliest· convenience Sincerely · w - Q r s-' • Special Assistant to the Director Policy Planning Staff cc UNCLASSIFIED P - Mr Djerejian OFp - Mr Smith U S 6ep rtment'orState Case No' F-2016-6i743 boc No C06473684 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474162 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wa'hlnit D C RELEASE IN PART 86 20520 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Oc ober 2 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR THE FILES I I 86 On October 2 I telephoned who was home on leave to inform her that Mr Easum via Mr Foley had asked me to inform her that 'ith regard to her memo of September 26 he had no objection to EXIM and Commerce coming to the Department and reviewing all relevant files with respect to the Department's decision not to object to the issuance of a license for the export of a DC-S aircraft to Gabon However Mr Ea sum preferred that these documents not be sent to those agencies since they constituted internal working papers of the Department I said that both EX M and Commerce ad been informed of this by Mr Huffman and that EXIM had already sent a representative to review documents includ ing the action memorandum to the Secretary to which ·tas attached I I dis ent memorandum 86 L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I expressed appreciation and satisfaction with Mr Easum's decision She indicated that she understood the reasons for 'these documents being read in the Department rather than not being distributed to other agencies 86 MIC - WLCutler ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE _ w UNCLASsiFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474162 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476358 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 861 UNCLASSIFIE'D I If S P TTHORNTON HE X-28328 6 8 82 S P PWOLFOWITZ ARA CA - MS ANDERSON SUBS OFP - MS HEAPHY IDCA TDP - MR SCONCE SUBS '--___--'1 FROM SUBJECT REF 86 SIP WOLfOWITZ ALCOHOL FEASIBILITY STUDY SAN JOSE 3237 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REFTEL ON THE TDP ALCOHOL FEASIBILITY STUDY SIP HAS DISSEMINATED IT T THE PRINCIPAL OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT AND CHECKED OUT THE POINTS THAT YOU MADE W TH THE RELEVANT BUREAUS 2 YOUR CONCERN THAT THERE MAY NOT BE fINANCING AVAILABLE FOR THE OVERALL PROJECT IS WIDELY SHARED OBVIOUSLY NOBODY CAN BE ABSOLUTELY SURE Of THE FUNDING·OF THE PROJECT UNTIL ALL OF THE ASPECTS HAVE BEEN DEVELOPED AS YOU POINT OUT HOWEVER SCARCE TDP FUNDS SHOULD NOT BE USED WITHOUT REASONABLE INVESTMENT EXPECTATIONS IT IS'FOR THAT REASON THAT TDP'IS TAKING A VERY CLOSE LOOK AT THE INVESTMENT POTENTIAL INCLUDING SOME INTERNATIONAL FINA CIAL INSTITUTIONS THAT HAVE EXPRESSED INTEREST BEFORE COMMITTING THEMSELVES TO TAKE ON THE FEASIBILITY STUDY If IT TURNS OUT THAT THERE IS A REASONABLE POSSIBILITY FOR FUNDING THE PROJECT THE FEASIBILITY TUDY WOULD BE A SENSIBLE NEXT STEP IN LOOKING AT A POTENTIALLY VALUABLE OPPORTUNITY FOR COSTA RICAN DEVELOPMENT AND fOR AMERICAN TRADE L ' UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476358 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476358 Date 01 11 2018 - -- -- ------ ---- UNCLASSIFIED I I I' I I I I2 3 TDP CONFIRMS INCIDENTALLY THE POINT MADE IN PARA- GRAPH 5 OF REF TEL -- THAT THE STUDY SHOULD NOT DUPLICATE WORK ALREADY DONE SINCE THERE ARE NO STUDIES AVAILABLE THAT EXAMINE THE USE OF ETHANOL IN DIESEL NGINES OR THE COST TO COSTA 'RICA OF SUCH A CONVERSION 4 IN SUM THEN YOUR CONCERNS HAVE BEEN RAISED AT THE POINTS WHERE DECISIONS ARE NOW BEING CONSIDERED THERE DOES NOT SEEM TO BE ANY SUBSTANTIAL DISAGREEMENT OVER THEM AND THEY WILl BE TAKEN INTO FULL ACCOUNT i S IT IS IMPORTANT THAT VIEWS SUCH AS THE ONE YOU SET FORTH IN YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE BE EFFECTIVELY COMMUNICATED TO DEtISION MAKING POINTS WITHIN THE DEPARTMENL IF AT ALL POSSIBLE THIS SHOULD BE DONE THROUGH NORMAL REPORTING PROCEDURES WHICH ARE MORE RAPIDLY AND FULLY DISSEMINATED ALSO NORMAL REPORTING SHOULD BENEFIT FROM THE FULLEST POSSIBLE RANGE Of RESPONSIBLE VIEWS IN USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL IT IS IMPORTANT TO OBSERV THE DEPARTMENT'S GUIDELINES OF JANUARY 19 1977 AND THE P VISIONS OF 2 FAM 101' AND 11 FAM 243 THESE SPECIFY THAT THE CHANNEL IS INTENDED TO BRING TO LIGHT POLICY VIEWS THAT MAY NOT OT ERWISE COME TO THE ATTENTION Of POLICYMAKERS RATHER THAN FOR TRANSMISSION OF POSITIONS THAT THE CONCERNED MISSION WOULD BE WILLING TO SEND FORWARD IN THE NORMAL COURSE OF BUSINESS YY I j J I I I UNCLASSIFIED i I - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476358 Date 01 11 2018 C06416940 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416940 Date 10 11 2017 ' - - ru nl1l ' i trt · ' -- ACTION Departl lent COPY PACE 81 ACTlOII ocr-ol IIIFO IIARSAII 08461 E$-81 ISO-U6 SSO-88 1004 II -----------------08l4l1 221291Z 121 o 22IBSBl NOV 17 fM AII£HBASSY IIARSAII • TO SECSTATE IIASHDe IMEDIATE 1720 c 0 DISSENT CKANNEL HESS GE U S AID TO POLAND R'Ef A' STAH 279879 B IIP-RSAII 81-79 C IIARSAII 8192 I THIS MESSAGE TRAt SMIT'S A OISSEIIT CHA NEL VIEIIPOIfIT OF An OFF ICER OF THE ENBASH'S eCONOMIC COMMERCIAL SECTION HO SPECIAliZES III FISCAL fROBtEIIS 1 iNAS ASKED liE TO ROUIE THIS ItESSAGE AS I SEE T I RECOHHEND TIIAT OFr 'CIAlS AiTEIIDIIIG THE fRC EETIIIG TO AY SIIOULD HAVE IT AS PART OF IHE GotU EHTATION THEY RECEIVE' I PREPARATTIOll iOR THE HEETIHG I TELEGRAM VARSAII 08467 2W 9Z RELEASE IN PART 86 PRESEHT rOLlTICAl AIIO ECOHONIC poi ItIES THE PROBLEM APPEARS TO BE TO IIHAT EXTENT THE UIIiTEO STATES' SHOULD AMEL I ORAlE THE EFFECTS OF THIS IIISTAIICE OF MISMAnAGEMENT 1M PARTICULAR AU THIS TYPE OF ECOIIOMY Iff GENERAL 6 I FEEl THAT AllY U S GOVERIIMEIIT-SPONSOREO COMMITMENT TO POlAJlD SHDULO BE ECDtlOHICAlL V JUSTIF lEO fl E DO lIE GAIK SUffICIENT E OIlOMIC BEIIEFII GIVE THE COSIS INYOLVED 1 £ SHOULD lOT SUBSIDIZE AHD THEREBY P IO AtlD ABET THE ECOIIOHI C POLICIES Of THE POLISH GOVERIIMEnT I All HOT IIT1REl Y CERlAllI THAT WE SHOULD BE II A POSI TI 011 Of HELPING TO STABILIZE A GOYERIIHEII IIITH IIIIleH lIE HAVE fAO OURD PHIIOSPHICAL POLITICAL AUD EconOMIC DIFFEREHCES SIIIPL Y BECAUSE THE Al TERMA I VE MAY BE 1I0RSE riD E T I A L liAR SAW 8467 0 11652GD5 TAGS SUBJ DISSENT CHANIIEt of State seSl 721lS9Z INCOMING L 2 BEGIN TEXT IN A RECElIT TElEGRAM TO THE DEPARTMENT IllEF BJ THERE liAS A DISCUSSION OF THE iNTEREST THAT THE U S HAD I IIAl1ITAINItIG A STAHLE IIVIROHMENT Iff POLAND IlIID HAT STEPS THE U S SHOULD BE PREP REO TO TAXE TO PREVEnT DOMESTIC U REST I lOULD UXE TO SUBMIT A VOTE or DISSEIIT 7 I II THE T L GRAil TRERE IS 110 fEIlT I 011 or HOIi fUCK AID tHE U S SHOULD om TO POlAIID TO liHAT LEHGlHS SHOULD liE ALLOll IHE U S BMIKIlIG SYSTEM TO SECOHE EXPOSED I R THE POL I SH eREIII T HARKEn HAT AMOUNT OF SUBSIDY SIIOULD THE ecc PROVIDE 10 sueSIDIZE fOOD EXPORTS TO POLAIIO I FEEL THAT IHfS£ UESfJO S SROUlO BE AODR SSEO IF lIE ARE TO FORMULATE A COHESIVE POLICY TOIIARO DEALIIIG 1I1TH POlISH ECOIiGHle PROBLEMS I oa HOT THINK tHERE IS MUCH DEBATE THAT THE ECOIICMY IIILl GET 1I0RSE BEFORE IT llIlL IHP OVE HF IT EVER OOESI IF lIE ARE COMMITTED TO ASSISTIIIG Itl THE STABILIZAIION OF POLAlIO WE SHOULD AITEHPT TO DEFINE IHE liMITS TO IIlIICH lIE IIIlL GO TO ACHIEVE THIS EHD • lIE SHOULD ALSO BE SURE THAT THE POLITICAL BEtlEFITS OF SUCK A POLICH JUSTIFY THE ECONOMIC COST EIIO TEXT B L I_ _ _- JIHAs 86 86 READ REf C AS IlELl AS REF B 86 DAVI ES J THE l£l£GRAH DEAL T IIIlH HAT THE U S SIIOULO DO AS A IIINIHlIII TO HElP II SURE THAT THERE 1I0ULe 1101 BE IIHERtlAl DISORDER IN THE COUll TRY IN THE NEAR fUTURE I THINK THAT THE UIIIT£O STATES IS DOING QUITE A BIT H THIS REGARD AT THE finE MERICAII BAIIKS ARE HEAV IL Y ItIVOl VEO III lElIOI N MOIIEY TO THE POll SH TRADE ENURPRISES THE lIIHREST RATES THAT lH POLES HAilE OBTAINED IN RECEUT DEALIIIGS 111111 THE U S FIRMS HAVE SEEN QUITE OOD ESPECIALLY IN LIGHT OF THr rlNAIICIAL STAIIDING OF THE ECOI OMY AND THE CREDIT RISK IHVOL ED OTHER CORPORATIOIIS IIAVE BEEH IIIVOLVED III NUKEROUS SCHEIlES TO HElP I1 RKET POliSH GOODS ABROAD IIlIAT THE BAlIKS 00 IIITH THEIR DEPOSITORS' NOllEY AHO r MANUFACTURING CORPORATIONS DO IIITH THEIR CAPITAL IS IHE IR COlleERII aUT liHAT liE ASK THE FEDERAL GOVERIIMENT 10 00 III TM ITS fUNDS DESERVES SOI1EIIliAT IIDRE EXAC EXAHIHAlIOII POLAND IS A WITRALlY PlAlltlEO CDI OIIY IIITH A POLITICAL AND ECOHOHIC SYSIEI1 HICH IS III DIRECT COIIFtICl lilTH IHE FREE-ElmRPRISE ECOIIONIC SYSTEM RECENTLY THE GOVERHHEllT HAS ATTEMPTED TO SATISFY THE COI SUMER DEI1ANO IIlItCH HAD BEEN HELD III CHECH SlIleE THE EIID OF 1I0RlD liAR II THE HAVE UOT BEEN ABLE TO NEH THESE IIICREASED CONSUMER DJ ECTRtiOIlS PRIMARILV DUE TO INEFFlCIEtlCY POOR PLMWIIIG AHD HOST I MPORTAIITL Y JIIADEQUATE GAIHS IN oRKER PRODUCTIVITY TilE CLiMATI C COllO IT IONS AIID AG I CUL TURAl PERfORMAIICE lor IIITHSTANIlI HG Il SE£HS EVIOEHT THAT JHE POLISH ECOIIOMY IS H EAOltlG fOR DIFFICULT STRAITS IIITHIH THE NEXT HI YEARS S I DO lOT DISAGREE IIITH THE BASIC AIM OF EIICOURAGlliG THE GOP TO I NST TUTE GRADUAL 1I BEHAL REFORM I DO QUESTION IIHETHER SHIELDING THE POIlCY-IlAKERS rROM THE rUll ECOIIOMIC COIISEQUEUCES OF THEIR OECISIOIIS IS THE PROPER ACT I Oli roa THE U S GOVUlNfl£llT TO TAKE ARE liE IIOT III FACT ENCOU AGIIIO THE GOP TO COIITllIUE THEIR CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416940 Date 10 11 2017 000 • U' I L ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 13 2017 SECRET S P AWDEPORTE 9 10 76 X28994 S P BARTHOLOMEW C HSONNENfELDT EUR WE RBARBOUR SIP ONLY BANGKOK ROME ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL --I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---'IFROM E 6 11652 B RTHOLOMEW ACTING DIRECTOR SIP GDS TAGS PINT IT SUBJECT RESPONSE TO DISSENT MESSAGE CONCERNING US POLIty TOWARD ITALY REFERENCE ROME AIRGRAM 2S1 ' JUNE 1976 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR CAREFULLY CONSIDERED COMMENTS WITH RESPECT TO THE POLICIES WHICH YOU BELIEVE THE US SHOULD FOLLOW TOWARD ITALY THOUGH YOUR MESSAGE WAS DRAFTED EFORE THE JUNE 20-21 ELECTIONS THE ISSUES IT RAISES ARE CLEARLY THOSE WE HAVE TO FOCUS ON NOW AND IN THE MONTHS TO COME 2 THERE CAN BE' NO DISPUTE THAT THE ITALIAN COMMUNIST PARTY FURTHER STRENGTHENED IN THE ELECTIONS HAS ENTERED A NEW PHASE OF ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE CHRISTIAN DEMOCRATS THE POST-ELECTION DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE TWO PARTIES ALREADY SIGNIFIES AN INCREASE IN THE PCI'S ROLE WITH RESPEtT TO DECISION-MAKING AND IT WOULD BE UNREALISTIC TO EXPECT JHAT THAT DIALOGUE HAS ALREADY REACHED ITS FINAL STAGE THE NONCOMMUNIST PARTIES HAVE THE NUMBERS IN PARLIAMENT TO GOVERN WITHOUT AND EVEN AGAINST THE PCI BUT IT SEEMS CLEAR HAT THEY DO NOT BELIEVE IT POSSIBLE TO DO 'SO IN LIGHT- OF COMMUNIST STRENGTH IN THE COUNT Y AT LARGE S ECRE' ' J ---------------------------------------------------------- '''''- ---'''''- -- ''------ --- '------'-'''''-'----''''-------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 13 2017 ------------------------ UNCLASS FI D U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 1 3 2017 J - FORM DS 322A OCR SECREl- j 2 I 3 YOU MAKE AN ABLE ARGUMENT TO THE EFFECT THAT THE US GOVERNMENT ALSO SH ULD NOW ENTER INTO A DIALOGUE WITH THE PCI WITH THE OBJE T OF BARGAINING OUR ACQU ESCENCE IN ITS NEW ROLE IN ITALIArI POLITICS AGAINST WHAT YOU CALL ITS ACCEPTABLE BEHAVIOR PARTICULARLY WITH RE PECT TO FOREIGN AND SECURITY POLIC · THIS IS OBVIOUSLY AN OPTION TO KEEP IN MIND AS THE SITUATION DEVELOPS 'BUT YOU ALSO PUT YOUR FINGER ON THE GREA EST SINGLE OBS'TACLE TO OJR ADOPTING IT NOW OUR BELIEF THAT PCI PARTICIPATION IN THE CABINET WOULD NOT ONLY JEOPARDIZE ITALY'S FULL PARTICIPATION rr THE ATLANTIC ALLIANCE ND OTHER WESTERN INSTITUTIONS BUT WOULD RENDER IMPOSSIBLE ' HE CONTINUED SYSTEM OF VOLUNTARY MUTUAL CONSULTATION AND C00PERATION IN YOUR WORDS WHICH HAS DEVELOPED OVER THE YEARS THIS SYSTEM IN OUR VIEW IS BECOMING EVER MORE IMPORTANT WITH RESPECT NOT ONLY TO SECURITY IN EUROPE BUT TO THE ABILITY OF ALL THE WESTERN AND ADVANCED COUNTRIES TO DEAL EFFECTIVELY WITH THE NEW AND VERY DIFFICUlT PROBLEMS THEY ARE FACING WE ARE NOT CONVINCED THAT THE PCI IS NOW THE KIND OF PARTY WHICH IS WILLING OR ABLE TO BE A COOPERATIVE PARTNER WITH US-WHATEVER ITS RELATIONS WITH THE SOVIET UNION AND ITS ACCEPTANCE OF ITALY'S INTERNATIONAL COMMITMENTS WE DOUBT THAT THE PCI WOULD 8E IN A POSITION TO DELIVER ON ITS SIDE OF SUCH A BARGAIN AS WE- WOULD DEFINE IT WE BELIEVE ALSO THAT FOR US TO TRY TO NEGOTIATE SUCH A BARGAIN COULD NOT BE KEPT SECRET AND WOULD SERIOUSLY REDUCE ANY LINGERING POSSIBILITY FOR THE PCI TO BE KEPT OUTSIDE OF THE CABINET AND THE FORMAL GOVERNING MAJORITY MOREOVER IT IS STILL bUR GOAL TO ENCOURAGE STEPS WHICH WILL LEAD ITALY OUT OF ITS CURRENT ECONOMIC AND SOCIAL CRISIS AND WHICH WILL ENCOURAGE A NEW AND ABLE GENERATION OF DEMOCRATIC LEADERS TO TAKE CENTER STAGE AND EVENTUALLY CREATE AN ATMOSPHERE IN WHICH PCI INFLUENCE AND POWER CAN BE REDUCED NOTICEABLY INCREASED CONTACTS WITH THE PCI IN OUR VIEW WOULD NOT NOW BE IN OUR INTERESTS q AS INDICATED ABOVE WE AGREE WITH YOU THAT THE US SHOULD CONTINUE TO ENCOURAGE THE REFORM AND REJUVENATION OF THE DC WE ARE ENCOURAGED WITH DUE CAUTION BY THE LOOKS OF THE ANDREOTTI GOVERNMENT WE THINK ALSO THAT WE MUST STRENGTHEN OUR RELATIONS WITH THE LAY PARTIES PARTICULARLY THE REPUBLICANS AND THE SOCIALISTS THE RECENT ELECTION OF BETTINO CRAXI AS PSI SECRETARY··GENERAL IS AN ENCOURAGING DEVELOPMENT WE ARE NOT AT ALL POLLYANNISH ABOUT THE EARLY STRENGTHENING OF THE DEMOCRATIC PARTIES OR ABOUT THE EASE WITH WHICH ITALY'S IMMEDIATE NOT TO SAY ITS MORE BASIC PROBLEMS CAN BE OVERCOME BUT AS YOU SAY THE RISE OF THE PCI IS NOT IRREVERSIBLE THE BURDEN OF CONTAINING AND THEN REVERSING THE GROWTH OF COMMUNIST POWER I 'SECRET L -I I -------------------------- -- --- ---- -- - --- --- _ - - -' a - _• _______ • _ _' _ _- __ - -_ ____ - __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 43 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 13 2017 j UNCLASSIFI D U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 13 2017 • --- - FORM DS 322A OCR I3 ECR 't OBVIQUSLY FALLS MAINLY ON THE ITALIANS THEMSELVES PARJICULARLY ON THE ABILITY OF THE CHRISTIAN DEMGCRATS TO MEET THE NEEDS OF THE COUNTRY WITHOUT EXAGGERATING THE INfLUENCE WE HAVE ON THE SITUATION WE BELIEVE T AT THE BASIC OBJECTIVE OF US POLICY SHOULD BE TO HELP REVERSE THE TREND OF PCI ADVANCE WHILE AfEGUARDING ESSENTIAL US INTERESTS IN ITALY AND' WESTERN EUR PE BY DUE CONSIDtRhTION OF fHE REALITIES OF THE SITUATION THERE AS THEY PRtSENT THEMSELVES YY L ---- --- --- -o _0 ________ ________ ___ ___ ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case - - - -----' o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431377 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431684 Date 11 13 2017 d IRELEASE IN PA T I 186 COIQI 'I f ElffIAL S P GSAUSTIN EXT 29571 S P ALAKE 5 12 77 ARA - MR DEVINE DRAFT M DG - MR LISSFELT SUBSTANCE D HA - MR SNEIDER DRAFTl S P-OFP NABOYER SIP ONLY SAN SALVADOR IMMEDIATE l i AL GSA Jj I j E O 11652 I·I TAGs I GDS F It· PFOR PGOV SHUM US ES - SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE GOES HUMAN RIGHTS AND THE AND OTHER DISSENT' CHANNEL fOR I SI GNAT 0RIE S 0 F REF A '- F R 70 M-A - N - T'- -H 07 'N 'y- L --A - K E-------- -S 'p ------' REF I MS'r MLt9l -s - NB·tJ A SAN SALVADOR 1732 B STATE 087800 C STATE 098384 D STATE 105097 1 YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PRESENTED A CONVINCING CASE BASED ON SOUND REASONING AND EXPRESSED' IN CLEAR LANGUAGE 2 ·LARGELYAS A RESULT OF'YOUR CABLE THE DEPARTMENT HAS ADOPTED A MODIFIED VERSION OF OUR OPTION q AMBASS DOR LOZANOtS DEPARTURE IS BEING DELAYED ONE MONTH DEPARTMENT ALSO MAKING PLANS FOR A DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL TO MAKE A FIRM PRESENTATION ON US UMAN RIGHTS POLICY TO LEAVE NO DOUBT IN THE MINDS OF THE HIGHEST OFFICIALS IN THE GOES THAT THE AMBASSADOR HAS BEEN CONVErING THE ADMINISTRATION'S POLICY AND NOT HIS PERSONAL VIEWS REf C AND D IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE GOES UNDERSTAND THIS AS YOUR MESSAGE POINTS OUT UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431684 Date 11 13g017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431684 Date 11 13 2017 2 COIH'IDErnIAL 3 I UNDERSTAND THAT AMBASSADOR LOZANO HAS SHARED WITH YOU THE CONTENT Of HIS INSTRUCTIONS fROM THE DEPARTMENT AS CONVEYED TO HIn IN REf C - 4 fURTHER ACTING DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY DEVINE ADVISED SALVADOREAN AMBASSADOR HERE ON MAY 9 THAT USG UNABLE TO SUPPORT $90 MILLION lDB LOAN fOR EL SALVADOR ON HUMAN RIGHTS GROUNDS AND THAT WE SUGGESTED DEfERRAL THIS ITEM FROM IDB AGENDA DEVINE EMPHASIZED THAT THIS POSITION WAS TOTALLY CONSISTENT WITH THE ADMINISTRATION'S EXPRESSIONS OF CONCERN ON HUMAN RIGHTS MADE BY AMBASSADOR LOZANO IN SAN SALVADOR 5 I REITERATE THE DEPARTMENT'S APPRECIATION OF YOUR T IMELY AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431684 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445613 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 - ---- ----------------- Department of State E JW1RAM • • t 1 o Jo s - ''1'E S o I' Pl' IFx elrJ'iAL PAGE 01 SANTO 0 190 057 i 231546% AC1L· 63 ACTION $8 14 INFO 'OC TI I0l f 1015 W 012365 DOMINGO 8145 e e M PIe EN' A L SANTO DOMINGO 190 DISSENT -CHANNEL E O 116521 GOS TAGS PFOR SUBJECTs YOUTH PARAJ DISSENTING VIEW R Fj a A' STATE Aw3559 APR 18 Ig721 STATE 0703021 C SANTO DIMINGO 1787' D SANTO DOMINGO 2102 1 THiS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED BY F50S I I AND' I II I SEen ON 2 SECTION IV OF R£'S C ANO 0' OUTLINES THE COUNTRY TEAM S VlEWS -PN T'HE REI ATIVe IMPORTANCE OF YOUTH IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBblC AND R£COMMENOS LEVELS OF PERSONNEL TI ME NO P O RAM R SOURCES TO Bf DEVOTED TO THE MISSION'S YOUTH PROGRAM IT 15 OUT'VIEW THAT ClRCUMSTANCES JUSTIFv'A SIGNIFICANTLV OWER PROFf E IN THg YOUTH FIE O A T A TtME WHEN THE INTERESTS 'OF THE USG N THE' DOMINICAN REPUBLIC HAVE SHIFTED AWAY PROM AN' INVO VEMENT IN THE D Til S OF DOMINICAN POLITICAL' LIFE AND WHEN THE TOTA MANPOWER· AND RESOYRCE$ OF THIS MISSION ARE B£lNG REOUCEO IT SEEMS INAPPROPRIATE TO INCRiASE THE EMPHASIS ON AN AMORPHOUS AND NARROW qVQUTH SECTOR a' 3 WE THEREFORE REeOHMEND THAT IN SECTION IV THE RELATIVE IMPQRTANeE OF VOUTH iE R DUe D TO UHINIMALP ANO THAT THE SPECIFIC PERCENTAGES OF 'PERSONNEL TIME AND PROGRAM RESOURceS 8 OWEREO ACCORDINGLV THE ALTERNATIVE WOULD RESU T IN A WAsTEFU SEARCH FOR YOUNG PERSONS WHOSE RELATIVE NON-IMPORTANCE IS ON V TEMPORAR1LY CAMOUFLAGED BY THE INTEREST OF THE U5G UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445613 Date 1 11 2017 B6 I -------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445613 Date 12 11 2017 - -----'- - ' - - - ' - ' - - - - - - - - - - - ' '_-- -' -- - --- -'--- -- I a ' eOrWlf EIHIAL 'PAGE 02 SANTO 02190 231546Z 4 OUR DISSENT HOWEVER IS NoT SO MUCH F OM REFS C AND 0 WHICH ARE UNDERSTANDABLE RESPONSES GIVEN THE PARAMETERS SET IN STATE'S 0703 2 BUT FROM THE WHO E YOUT PARA SY OHOM5 REFLECTED r STAT'S 0703 2 AND OTHER MESSAGES WHICH SEEM RfLICS OF A PREVIOUS EHA WhEN I THERE HENE LARGER MISSIONS ABROADt 2 THE USG nELIEVED IYS VITAL l·NTERESiS OIEI E AT STAKE IN ALMOST ANY' UNDER DEVEl OP·EO CQUNTRYi AND 3 USG OFfICIALS WERE CONFIDEtvT THAT II' THEY HORKEn AT IT PROPERLY THEY COULD Nf UENCE GREATLY OR EVEN DETERMINE EVENTS IN THOSE COUNTRIES ·5 Q THE OISS NTERS ARE PLEASED THAT OVERALL U S POLICY NOW REFLECTS A MUCH MonE REALISTIC ASSESSMENT OF U§SQ INTERSTS AND iNFI UENCE rr COut TRrES SUCH 'AS THE DONINICAN -REPU8L C AND WE RECOMMEND THAT THE DEPARTMENT'S YOUTH PROGRAM BE REVISto IN ACeORDANCE WITH THAT CHANGEe lEl V • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445613 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446268 Date 12 11 2017 --- __ --- - COpy ··n E 01 01 Of D4 n'n I Ar £ 18A 5f - of • R i f S5tHT IAS S or Ita I kUl5KUA J16 2 GOS TAGS I IS oas GOV $UBJEtt t 1Il Er 4T10 ID U 3C' - -- '0 AlIO R£lAlfO RErOin PRCHIS 1i Oil EV iA LIER CCCUIONS 1I AVAIU I LE IIU'0SEO RErOall$ IIIIleH tHRUt U YO REDlitt lIis 'OV£R A110 F lIANerAi P ER r BUTU HI1I5EH IS GUll 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O£SC B IltGl11£ LIKE ZAIRE'S ·CIEfrOCRACY· O fllltO AS GOVEP llnEIll If OIGANIUO THEn ' IIIIILE £SIOEPT IID UTU IIA' II T KIlDV THE trait HE IlELL UUOUSTAHDS IT$ I • nt SIJII ost IUttY ZAIRES • IlEDIIIG OUIIIII ' 15 nAY DAY AC'USS TO • URGE IDDV OF AllY SULV'RTS at _II SUSA'S ftAlq m OIUIt r BUtU tHIO£D TNth fOR TRElA ClUlISurfCULATlOHS 'IHUlA nAVUE liE Aovmo THEil IN LlHG1U IIlIleH I FlAIl EIIGll$H I Et NS '$tU CLEVf L T · WETHU OR Not IIDBUl1I VAS JlIstlF J£D IN CafU'lAIHIIIG aOUt US SECRET f' -- r -- r - - - - - --s- - ----- -- -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446268 Date 12 11 2017 0 - ' ''' •• - •• ••• J 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472031 Date 01 11 2018 - Department of State TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMiTED PAGE 01 STATE OFFICIA USE 932 019599 64 ORIGIN 55-14 INFO OCT-01 1015 R DRAFTED BY S PC RRPETERSONIJK 211173 ExT 2 972 APPROVED BY S PCIWICARGO SIS • MR BARNES -- - R 0J2233Z FEB 73 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO USMISSION BER IN 103109 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 19599 DISSENT CHANNEL FRON DIRECTOR OF S PC SUBJI DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FROM BERLIN 2055 I THIS IS TO ACKNOWLEDGE PECEIPT OF BERLIN 2055 DATED NOVEMBER 28 1972 A DisSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE CONCERNING AIR AGREEMENTS WITH THE GDR 2 INITIAL DISTRIBUTioN OF THis CABLE HAS BEEN·MADE TO THE DIRECTOR OF PLANNING AND COORDiNATION THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE DEPARTMENT EUR UR CE' Ee EB OA AND THE CHAIRMAN Of HE SEcR TARY'S OPEN fORUM PANE ROGERS ----------------_J - A _ _ _ _ _ -_-_ _ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472031 Date 01 11 2018 86· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473344 Date 01 11 2018 AGtNCY • Co F OR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPM ENT- AREA DEVELOPMENT OFFICe FOR CEN rItAL 'AFRICA AM£RICAN EMBASSV YAOUNDE CAMEROON 17 July 1974 Lr H c hopkins • irector r tl-l v l l ice of Personllel B Il l 11 npo er Lgency for lnternaUcmal Levelopnent Iashington I L C ' Lear hr Hopkins i nave rec l ved eo copy 'C c'yO i iF-'mec o' or ru Ly· 19' 4 too j l - v 'r 1 s Vogelgesang l'6 ndl Chairman concerning my l Jissent I hannel r'essak e '1 ish to thank you 1 or the content and form of your ml 'moralld' j when the Cd-hIe came in N uesting i ul ormatir m on foreign born oJ 1 icers and spouses 1 must say it raised some eyebro · s 0 one hnre ever recalled' seeing anything like ito l-e 'scrmully I 1 aid not object strongly to proviaing the in1'orn ation reGw sted however others hel'c ' id feel strongly at out it S l cLing hlN i had the activn 'to respond to the incoming tor th sake· 01' their stron g feelings bout it i sent thF l vissent r tlssa e in ay name I 'S lnsofar cos J a U cOllcemec i 1 am cOl'1 l tely s t is1'ieti by your th lug J ti l l e spur s e 0 ' •r cc I'ls Vogelgesang _ 1 _ - -- ____1 - --- - - r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473344 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART - - --_ _-- - 1' '4'_ _ _ _ - ---- - ---------- J' -- _--- _ - 'J- _- _- __ __ -±z '__ _ _ 8s1 ---' ' - _ - - ' - - ' ' - --- - - - fI N'fj 1C-- · - c _ • - - -- - -- ---- - J 'S P MMnfToN'7j'AN -' '- - ' '- slp PW O LfOIl iI TZ·---'-··-- ---- - ' - - - - • • - - -_ _ • _ t EZA JNEGROPONTE IO PWILCOX ·· ' • ' 0 - ' ' - ••• - - - - - - __J' ' • • _ ' - ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • S P EDOUGLAS R P LWRIGHT 'OF GDRAGN'ICH· - ' ' ' _-_ --_ -- '--- - - _ - _ • - 0' _ • • • • •'0 _--_ _-_ _ - -- - - ---- • _ _- __ •• - __ _ - ------ - - - _ l' PDIP UNGA CB SUBJECT REfS XC SREF DISSENT CHANNEL RESPONSE KAMPUCHEAN RELIEF US POLICY ON USUN NEW YORK 01086 is STATE Ob 012 - • - - -•• •• - - •• ··r NO'DIS' - -- -- ------- - '- -- --- - - -- - - '--'- --- - -- _ DISSENT CHA EL' F RI I FROM WOLFOWITZ E O 11652 GDS TAGS v - --·-·-·- '- · E--- ---- -- - X 21095 b 1b 8 t • 'OO ' __ - _PW • MM i j D jl LUI PW - G1 1 YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF A WAS REVIEWED IN S P SIP EA RIP AND IO 2 AS YOU KNOW fROM' F B THE RATIONALE FOR OUR CURRENT POLICY IS THE HUMANITA IAN NEED·TO ENSURE THE SURVIVAL OF THE KHMER PEOPLE AND THE PREVENTION OF A DESTABILIZING 'INFLUX OF REFUGEES INTO THAILAND WE ESTIMATE THAT'IT MAY BE ECESSARY TO CONTINUE RELIEF ASSISTANCE fOR A RELATIVELY BRIEF ADDITIONAL TIME BEFORE KAMPUCHEA REACHE THE POINT WHERE FAMINE AND MASS EXODUS ARE LESS LIKELY THIS POINT SHOULD BE REACHED BY THE END OF THIS YEAR IF THERE IS A' GOOD DECEMBER HARVEST AS WE EXPECT TO EASE AID NOW HOWEVER COULD CAUSE A REVERSAL IN OUR EffORTS JUST AT A TIME WHEN TERMINATION OF THE JOINT MISSION·RELIEf PROGRAM IS IN SIGHT 3 WITH REGARD T O FOOD AID THE DEPARTMENT AGREES THAT IT WOULD BE WRONG TO CONTINUE SUCH RELIEF BEYOND 'THE POINT OF DIRE NECESSITY AND THAT THE KHMER MUST FEND fOR THEMSELVES AS QUICKLY AS POSSIBLE HOWEVER WE DEMUR FROM YOUR CONFI ENTIAL L ' '---0 9'_ ___ ' _' __ _ _ __ _ v J -_ _ - - - -- -- _ --' - _-- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 • ' •• '0· _ r • - ' '0 J 2 CONFI»EN'fIAL _ _ - --'- ' -- - - _ ' ' ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - _ -_ ASSESSMENf' THAT THE ORIGINAL OBJECTIVE OF THE RELIEF EfFORT HAS BEEN ACHIEVED AND THAT NO fURTHER AID IS NOW JUSTIfIED' WHILE THE KHMER HAVE MADE REMARKABLE PROGRESS TOWARD FOOD PRODUCTION LEVELS ADEQUATE FOR SURVIVAL THE FACT REMAINS THAT TO THE BEST OF OUR KNOWLEDGE THEY WILL PRODUCE IN 1981 ONLY 75% Of THEIR BASIC FOOD NEEDS RICE PRODUCTION IN 1981 IS NOW PROJECTED TO'FALL SOME 230360 000 TONS SHORT OF MINIMUM NEEDS WITHOUT LARG AMOUNTS OF RELIEF FOOD AND PLANTING SEED AT LEAST THROUGH THE EN» OF THE VEAR FAMINE WOU LD LIKELY RETURN AND THE EFFORTS OF THE PAST TWO YEARS WOULD BE PUT AT RISK AND QUITE POSSIBLY LOST NEVERTHELESS O UR OBJECTIVE IS TO COMPLETE THE EMERGENCY RELIEF OPERATION BY THE END OF THIS YEAR OUR PRESENT SUPPORT FOR LARGE RICe SEED DELIVERIES IN FACT IS SPECIfICALLY DESIGNED TO BRING THE INTERNATIONAL RELIEF EfFORT INSIDE KAMPUCHEA TO A CLOSE BV THE END OF 1981 OUR OVERALL BUDGET PROJECTIONS FOR THE PRO GRAM ALSO REFLECT THIS OBJECTIVE THE Y 1981 BUDGET OF $68 MILLION WOULD DROP IN FY 1982 TO l30 MILLION MOST OF WHICH WOULD 8E USED fOR FEEDING DISPLACED THAI AND KHMER BORDER REFUGEES A SIZABLE PORTION OF ANV RESIDUAL ASSISTANCE DELIVERED TO THE BORDER WOULD SUPPORT THOSE DIRECTLV ENGAGED IN RESISTANCE TO THE VIETNAMESE • 4 WE HAVE BEEN ESPECIALLY CAREFUL TO DRAW A SHARP DISTINCTION BETWEEN SURVIVAL A ISTANCE TO HE KHMER PEOPLE AND DEVELOPMENTAL AID WHICH WOULD DIRECTLV SUPPORT CONSOLIDATION OF THE VIETNAMESE HENG SAMRIN POSITION IN KAMPUCHEA THE DEPARTMENT HAS CLOSELY MONITORED VOLAG APPLICA IONS FOR EMBARGO WAIVERS TO SEND MATERIALS TO KAMPUCHEA AND IN RECENT MONTHS HAS JOINED COMMERCE AND TREASURY IN REJECTING MANV APPLICATIONS INVOLVING APPARENTLY DEVELOPMENTA ·PROJECTS HOWEVER W DO NOT CONSIDER OUR FOOD AND SEED AID TO BE DEVELOPMENTAL ASSISTANCE TO ELIMINATE IT AS SUCH riOULD BE TO ATTEMPT TO GET AT THE VIETNAMESE BY STARVING THEIR VICTIMS EVEN THE VERY MODEST EFFORTS TO PROVIDE SOME 'OTHER BASIC SERVICES TO THE KHMER ARE CALCULATED TO IMPROVE THEIR CHANCES FOR SURVIVAL RATHER THAN TO CREATE A MARKETABLE SURPLUS ANIMAL HEALTH PROGRAMS FOR INSTANCE ARE TO HELP FARMERS REBUiLD THEIR I 'I eONfUEN'ffAt • _ _ _ _ 0_ _ _ _ _ __ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •••••• _ _ _ _ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 ' '0 • • • I • I ' _ •• _ • • t _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ · _ _ · ' _ _ -· - ·-E eNFilcN'fIAL---r ·· 3 --------------- t - ' - - • - or' · - · • ••••• • • -' DEPLETED'STOCKS OF DRAFT ANIMALS WITHOUT WHICH RICE CANNOT BE PLANTED OR HARVESTED FISHERIES SUPPORT AND ICE MACHINES ALLOW THE KHMER TO BEGIN TO OBTAIN SOME ESSENTIAL ANIMAL PROTEIN AND TO TRANSPORT IT FROM PLACE OF CATCH TO ' MARKET AND THE ANTIMALARIAL PROGRAM IS DESIGNED TO l REGAIN GROUND LOST IN THE LAST FEW YEARS WHEN MANY WEAKENED MEN WOMEN AND CHILDREN PERISHED FROM THIS DISEASE WE DO THESE THINGS FOR HUMANITARIAN REASONS OF COURSE BUT ALSO BECAUSE THE SURVIVAL OF T E KHMER SERVES THE INTERESTS OF THE US AND ITS ALLIES WITHOUT THE KHMtR PEOPLE THERE CAN BE NO KHMER RESISTANCE TO THE VIETNAMESE AND NO INDEPENDENT KAMPUCHEA IN THE fUTURE THE SOVIETS I AND VIETNAMESE WISH-TO·coNTROC AMBO IA THERE IS NO EVIDENCE THEY ARE ESPECIALLY CONCERNED ABOUT THE SURVIVAL OF A HEALTHY SELF-RELIANT KHMER POPULATION THAT IS WHY THE SURVIVAL OF THE KHMER HAS BECOME AN IMPORTANT US POLICY OBJECTIVE 5 I AS FOR THE VIETNAMESE WE BELIEVE IT IS MORE APPROPRI · ATE TO APPLY PRESSURE DIRECTLY TO VIETNAM THAN TO I · FU THER POLITICIZE A HU IANITARIA · RELI F ' _ _ 1 i EfFORT EXAMPLES QF THIS DIRECT PRESSURE AS i APPLIED BY THE US AND 'ITS ALLIES INCLUDE SUSPENSION OF WORLD BANK AND ASIAN DEVELOPMENT BANK CREDITS TO Vn TNAMi · TERMINATION OF· JAPANESE BI TERAL AID THE FORCED WITHDRAWAL Of VIETNAM FROM- CONSIDERATION FOR A MAJOR WFP PRO· JEeT AND VARIOUS OTHER ECONOMIC SANCTIONS SUCH MEASURES COMPLEMENT THE POLITICAL ACTIONS WE ARE TAKING SUCH AS · SUPPORT FOR A BROADENED KHMER RESISTANCE MOVEMENT CONTINUED BACKING OF DK SEATING IN MULTILATERAL ORGANIZATIONS · TO PREVENT RECOGNITION Of HENG SAMRIN AND THE PROVISION i OF fOOD SUPPLIES TO RESISTANCE GROUPS AT THE THAI BORDER 6 WITH REGARD TO' SOfIE OF rHE OTHER POINTS YOU MAKE WE i ARE UNABLE TO AGREE WITH YOUR ASSERTION THAT THE DIFFI- CUL TIES IN KAMPUCHEA AR'ISE LESS FROM A SHORTFALL IN i · OUTSIDE ASSISTANCE THAN ROM THE CONTINUE DISLOCATIO S CAUSED BY FIGHTING BETWEEN VIETNAMESE AND THE KHMER FORCES · RESISTING THEM THE CURRENT FIGHTING IS SMALL-SCALE AND LIMITED TO NON-fARMING AREAS KAMPUCHEA'S B SIC P«OBlEM I REMAINS TO STAGE A COMEBACK FROM THE RAVAGES OF 1978-79'· IN ANY EVENT WE WOULD NOT WANT TO CUT OFF ALL FOOD AID TO THE KHMER EVEN IF THE fIGHTING WERE HAVING A SERIOUS EFFECT ON FOOD PRODUCTION THE· VIETNAMESE WILL CONTINUE TO FIGHT AS LONG AS THERE IS A RESISTANCE AND THE RESISTANCE DEPENDS TO SOME DEGREE UPON OUR RELIEF SUPPLIES WE COULD NEVER COMPLETELY TERMINATE SUPPLIES' REACHING THE' RESISTANCE FORCES UNLESS WE WERE PREPARED TO ACCEPT THE COLLAPSE OF MOST ARMtD OPPOSITION TO VIETNAMESE AGGRESSION ----------_ --- I _ 3 I E I t--- -_-- -- -J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 I • ' ' 7 THE DEPARTMENT SHARES YOUR CONCERN WITH THE POSSIBILITY OF VIETNAMESE DIVERSION OF SOME RELIEf SUPPLIES BUT THE BEST EVIDENCE AVAILABLE SUGGESTS THAT WHATEVER DIVERSIONS OCCUR DO NOT COMPROMISE THE LARGER OBJECTIVE Of SUSTAINING THE KHMER WHOSE CONDITION HAS IMPROVED GREATLY UNDER THE RELIEF PROGRAM WE HAVE BEEN UNABLE TO DOCUMENT LARGE DIVERSIONS BY THE VIETNAMESE YOUR COMMENT THAT AID TO KAMPUCHEA SERIOUSLY DETRACTS FROM RESOURCES AVAILABLE fOR MORE DIRE SITUATIONS ELSEWHERE DOES NOT SQUARE WITH OUR RECENT CONTRIBUTIONS TO AfRICAN RELIEf OR OUR CONTINUED STRONG SUPPORT FOR PROGRAMS IN OTHER REGIONS BUT IN ANY CASE THE TRADE-OFF YOU SUGGEST SIMPLY IS NOT PRACTICAL AS LONG AS KHMER SURVIVAL REMAINS HIGH ON THE LIST OF US INTERESTS AND OBJECTIVES 8 IN CONCLUSION THE DEPARTMENT HAS BEEN SPURRED BY YOUR COMMENTS TO TAKE ANOTHER LOOK AT THE PROCESS OF MONITORING DELIVERIES AND THE POSSIBILITY OF BETTER ADVERTISING SOVIET AND VIETNAMESE FAILURES TO PLAY A CONSTRUCTIVE HUMANITARIAN OLE IN KAMPUCHEA E APPRECIATE YOUR REMARKS WHICH HAVE HAD A CONSTRUCTIVE EFFECT IN THE POLICY REVIEW PROCESS EARLY IN THIS ADMINISTRATION WHILE UR APPROAtH TOWARD KHMER RELIEF MAY NOT CONSTITUTE ' RFECT POLICY WE CONSIDER IT THE MOST SUITABLE FOR ATTAI ING OUR POLITI- CAL AND HUMANITARIAN OBJECTIVES IN CURRENT CIRCUMSTANCES yy ' C9NFBENTIAL ___ - ____ _ _ _• 00 _ _ _ _ - • •- _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _____• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _____ UNClf SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476053 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431109 Date 11 13 2017 I cot F IBBWi'IAL IRELEASE IN FULLI DISSENT CHANNEL February 7 1977 Mr Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff siP Room 7813 Washington D C 20520 FilE G OPY L hA4c0 Dear Mr Lake I refer to Mr Bartholomew's letter of February I 1977 in reply to my Dissent Channel message IIA Bicentennial Tragedy-US Policy on the SpaI ish Sahara That letter states that my recommendations would not work as a referendum would prove a failure I do not understand whether by this the Department 'sees insoluble technical problems in holding the referendum or whether a referendum would be a failure because the parties would not abide by the results which might not be to their-or our liking It seems to me that if the UN ran·the referendum and guaranteed the results that the probable resulting mini-state would not h ve to fear greatly from its neighbors I am gratified that my paper has evidently caused a change in policy so that we will increase our efforts to help Algeria Mauritania and Morocco find a solution to the conflict However I believe that the Department's approach to the problem does not pay sufficient attention to a key group of actors the'Saharan people and their guerrilla movement the Polisario Front This is understandable as the Department has never produced a study of that movement _ am therefore enclos ng another paper en- titled liThe Liberation Movement in-the Western Sahara--The Polisario Front This pap r was basically written 'in March 1976 and has been in its present form since August but has been 'buried in INR's bureaucracy I am submitting it through the Disse t Channel because several people have expressed an interest in it and as I am leaving INR shortly·r do not want the paper t9 be killed through a pocket veto The Up Ambassador to Mauritania has stated that we are in a pre-Vietnam configuration 1I I would also call your attention to Nouakchott 241 of February 4 1977 I wish this letter and my paper to be submitted to AF NEA Mr Harold Sau ders and Ambassador Young with the latter to- also receive a copy of my first paper Sincerely yours 86 COPlFIDB l'i'IAL I -------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 'poc No C06431109 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445773 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnllton D C 20520 I August 5 1975 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 86 1 APO San Francisco Dear c -I_ _ _ _---'1 This is a response to your letter of July 7 '1 75 regarding your dissent message of June 11 1975 and seeks to answer the two points you aise namely our V1ew of your negotiating team proposal and the rationale for our decision to send copies of relevant messages to Vientiane It has been our understanding that your proposal to field a new negotiational team in Vientiam had been to remove the 'hostage value' of the present team It was hard for us to see how a second team would not simply increase the number of hostages involved If you did have a new strat egy of negotiations worked out in your mind it was not made clear in your d ssent message and if such was the case communicating the substance of that strategy might have greatly s rengthened your messag With respect to the dispatch of copies of the relevant messages to Vientiane we felt this was a matter o f necessity Since you proposed replacing the present team had this suggestion been acted upon obviously the team in Vientiane wou d have to be notified at some point Hence it was felt only fair that members be given as much advance notice as possible The Vientiane group moreover was directly involved at the moment in the situation for when you proposed an alternative strategy than their own and on this ground also it seemed appropriate- to seek their reaction - I trust this will answer the points raised on your letter Thank you again for your interest Sincerely - I -- - 7 ' Douglas Pike Member -Policy Planning Staff - ' - • • oS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' 1 I' ' 4 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445773 Date 12 11 2017 co 641544 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 • DEPARTMENT OF STJ TE RELEASE IN PART 86 AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON O C 20523 JI' r ay ' • 10 1977 j To Tbod 2'e d tOl'c rw Folicy nanning Staff FrOl l L-_ _ _ _ -_ _- -- I 3· ' I PPC PDA S ' Subject Commen s Conce rning Cable fo 11652 IIL A Sector Anlysis Aotivi ties and Supportll from the iltandpoint of the Immediate and long-Range Issues of my April 11 1977 Dissent Ct rillel Nemore n'ium This is in r sponse to your request that I prOViQ6 comments concerning the En t'oject oe'o1e a copy of which Tas sent to you on I lay t M y o'ojections to the text of the cabls and to the P ' f t and future actions refexred to in the cable can be summarized as follc £ 1 the Washington 'oackstopping described in the cable is not ac e' U2 te for carrying out successful sector analyses in 2 gricultu re edu a tion and heqlth 2 as presented the issue of centraliz2 tion is false 3 ·the cable contributes to th'3 -ridespread confusii m concerning i'That distinguisr es sectox analyses and sector asseSSIaents iYi th res1 1ect to their contents and purposes j 4 the sugeestions ardi actions outlined in tne cable Till have the €lffect of discoure ging sector analyses Objectio 1 l I 1adGS llfl te v @ sdngton Backst Fping A suocessful sector analysis requires close cooperation among various kinds of specialists ·rho fo ' siroplici ty' s sMe I ·Till roup into throe classes 1 analysts 2 statisticians survey and math statisticians for instance 3 computer science personnel Project leadel'ship must be exercised by the first class consisti ilg Q c · analytically inclined 900i 1 scientists with de-velopment oac E rOu '1d and experience InQividua1s in class 2 3 do not need to be AID officials and in fact from the initiation of the Sector Ana lysis Division in October 1970 to the present have been PAS1 no W RSSA personnel Eoreover not all the analysts need to be AID officials In agriculture our' priority sector the'number of USDA econoillis s l'l'orking ur de' a F B St wi th the d i vision almos t invariably ex ceeded the Qivision's economis'ts However the project director for eacil sector analysis was ahta ys a member of the division i e an AID Official see pp 5-7 of the April 11 memo for a description of the div sion's operatio s Obviously til ere are litany ' ays to divide the group 1' 1 i e so cial science ana lysi 's 'io rkload on the U S side betvreen AID and non- I erscnnel For example our reli nce on contract persor el could be mane even greater though I tilir l that ould not be atlvisable • A_'ld to shift itrentirely out f the A' rgency's f an1s would be a fatal mistake For·legal l'easons I assume this cannot be done that by ' ' i·' ' i u_ co • _ 4 zu Q$ C #C4zu z t_ ' WJc a x _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 B6 co 64154 4 6 II D u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' -2s mply passing the hcle job to a contractor t le USG canr at ab301ve itself of responsibility for an act i i ty as importe nt anci as sensi ti·ve as an analysis of LDC social henomena jOintly at ree to doth a hostcountry Since our foreign assistance is part of our forei policy I assume th re are parts of it that we cannot legally let out for contr·act The technical or cievelopruental reasons foI' main Vl ining the uS direction 'l'Ti thin the Agency ma y be even more important A t the ver- r least the Agen y and the host-country must af ree or the najor sec·toral and intersector 'problelils issues ana objectives on which the analyds will focus on the metboci oloi ' Y to oe utilized fo ' tbi J purpose and therefore on the ci uration of the project and the cost for both parties Finally if the Agency is s i mply a jo·o-oer and fails to get involvec in the SUbstance of the analysis ArTIls justly infanous memory and understanci in3 in this key development area ·rill ref lain und eveloyea o The cable I s rationale 'begins ''ii th tho follo' iing statement Hi-lith the experience accrued durinG the last several years end· the maturation of approe ches to sector analysis the objectives etc I Tould very much like to kno · hat is meant by maturation of approaches 1I If this phrase is meant to suggest to the missions thst sector anal rsis · ich is an acti' ity that fas to the best of' my kno'tTledge first· conce tual­ ized end carried out in the L i 3ureau though obviously dra-vrin5 on researoh anc analytica l 2 ctivi ties carriec out in many different con texts is no' 11 fi xe d S8 t of s tall d ardi z ed acti 'vi ties hich 03 11 'De ca r ried out 't y lrr ost any contractor in alr JOst any cou '1try the missior s re being seriou ly misled The phrase is at best meaningless en at '·TOrst highly misleading To 'Item i n AID has this ex perienc accr' led At the very lea st it haG accrued to the ar alysts w·ho have ·rorked in the Sector Analysis Division Let us see where these analysts are lane analysts or professionals have · orkeci in the divi sion since its inception 6 z years ago T' iO left the Division and AID to estg blis l their consultinc firms One left the Division at his Cim c oice lor B posi tion in · A B • lUI accounting of the remaining six members should provide some indication of' the present availability of this ex ertise to the L Ao missions Three of these analysts are now in FPC and one is in A3 - very one of these four analysts - ·rere very recently cbliged o f ind pcsi -' icns outside the L A 3ureau TI- o have reamineri in the L A Ettreau One 2 S transferred from the sector nalysis Division to the 1 eal th ziutri tion Division the other iias transferred to the Rural TIevelop 'Qnt Division In s lort a rather sl lal1 portion of the lIaccrued experience ' 1 3 of of' the presently available Alp officials referred to in the oable and offered in the form of backstopying to the rnission has been retained by the Buraau I think it is accura te to say the t t wi ttinglZI Or un'iii ttingly the Bureau hr s disbanded scattered the sector analYSis e cpertise expe ience it so recently possessed It is intere ltins to observ'3 a similar 3cat tering '·lith respect • projects Thr 3e sector anal to sector analysis ysas'l n L A coun t ·rl es are presently w o er way 1 the El Sal valior Education Sector AnalJrsi t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 I co 641544 6 IED u s Department of State Case N F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 -3- 2 the Dominican ll e ublic Aif 'icul t'llrel Sector Analysis j 3 the Bolivian Agricul tu ral sector ftnalyois Onl t the last 1 3 of the sector anB lyses has remair ed in thti L A Bureau where the U S 'Work i s being ooortiinatei directed by tha foroer Sector Analysis Di vision member nm·j in the Rura l Development TIi vision The other t-ri'O sector e llalyees a e being directed coorclina ted by f$ tliO former Sector An13 lysis j ivision officia ls ho are now in PFC If PPC in tp e iOrTI 6X case Hi th the ' upport of 'thel dminis tra tor I s Or Deputy li c ministpatorts Office hao not ha d the foresight to adopt tilese tim pro jects I ventu re to affirm that they ould have com to a premature close Ti th insufficient policy findings to wax'rant their cost or in vestment l oreo' 'er ·the fact that· each of the three presentl r ongoing sector a nalyses if bein coor·iineteci directed on the U S side by the AID 'Project director ho initiated the project iS 1 I submi t evicience of the need for continm ty of leadership ri eI Olnded by this rather com·ple endeavor The failure of the L A Bureau to appreciate this fact assuming it ' 'laS not the Bureau l s intention to terminate these projects bodes ill for the future managewent of such e ctivities to I 'Tould like point out that it ' 'Tould be more difficult to object to the abolish ent of the Sector Analysis Division had its diss01ution 'b er1 preceecied by a sel'ies of ca reful steps to locate the required sector analysis expertise in the rural education he J th d i isions and efforts had be'i n macie to insulate this person el from All IS c thaI' Jressing cie Jand s such as pro gra ' ming anci the ca ryins out of sector a ssessments Anyone has has seen hOrT the need for ra id obligations in AID almont invariably domin tes other considerations r ligbt have cl oubts as to nether such an a rra ge­ ment wouJd 1'fo 'k but at le st the attempt to make it ' I'o 'k 'l-Toulcl I'eflect a1i reness of some of the pro nl ems invol - red Hnile Chief of the divis ion I suggested more than once that technicians in agricul tura educe tion health 7i tho the right back irounds andior i'nclinations be assigned for a two-year period to the i visiol but the recommendation was not acted upon favora bly I thil'lj many more AID officials cc n contribute to the sector analysis process out they must first be willing to learn from those that h Ye the expertise and experience The abolishment of the DiVision and the scattering of its members projects have constituted serious disruptions to the sector allalynis process The Tashington backstopping that is outlined in the cable is bound to be inadequate Objeotion 2 As presenteQ the decentralization issue is false cont nt of this objection it is necessary some backgrounu historyo There is no doubt whatsoever that the secto ' analysis projects that a re being and have been carried out to date have not'been v ewed by the field missions as Iltheirll projects to theextent tha t they should have been For obvious reasons a field mission should have the same sense of identification or if you dll pride of ownershill in a sector analysis project tha i't has in any of its other projects Hhy has this sense of identification been miSSing This is the first point that needs to be cleared up •• To make clear the to prov de UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 06415446 Date 10 11 2017 C06415446 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 -4First I shall deal Ti th 'ihlJ t I believe to be the less important eas m Unfa milia d tjr ii tt sector anH l y-sis has put certain AID technicia ns en the a efensi va arLO ca used them to -is ·T it as a mu ob more esoterio endeavor than it is Fuller e - o 1l1 g·e oet een the Seato ' P nalysis TIi vision the other technical eli visions and the fi ld lould have contributed g-reatly I think to red ucing rthatever fear and suspiciOl e isted I believe there 1rere cornmtL'1ication failures on the Division l s paI t oHever the eneral distrust in LA concerning sector an 11 rsis was the lIJain obstacle to communica tion That distrust rias the main damper on field initia tive and enthusiasm for seotor analysis If my memory doesn· t fail me it lias some time after the sector analysis ciivision was established in Oct 1970 -as-i res t of the approval of the AA LA 3ureau then in Office· tha t sector assessments were conceived and rather quickly made mandatory an internal condition precedent for a nector loan But sector malyses fera not made mandatory and are not mandatory nm- Let me add immediately that I am not l·ecomnending they oe made manc atory The pos - ibility of carrying out a sector analysis should be det6l·mined on a ca se-by-case basis country interest need capacity U S resource availability etc must be determined fi st However the oentral role· assigned to sector' assessments in AlDis programming process has contributeQ to reducing the role of· sector analysis 0 As explained in the A rill 11 memorandl L' l sector assessmer ts Purpose C projects are ins r ents foI' ra idly obtaining a ratiomle for loan allocations They do use a massive amount of primary data for disaggregate ana ysis in order to come to fir determinations concerning possible complernentarities and inescapable trade-offs aBong major multiple oojectives Pur Qse B no to involve as well the host ' ountry in o r er to int r alize the SElotoI' analYSis process l-wpose C Consequently ·then a mission initiated a sector analysis it ' as alJplauded by the n r and small ·Sector J na lysis Division and not b ¥ LA DR J 1his is Thy enthusias l c a l Pened Like any other mission or department AID missions irl the field respond· to frowns pats on the back from the home office Mission enthusiasm diminishes considerably if AID i f I s inquiry about the project is limited to an interest in its termination A itted$y I and other division members have underestimated the duration of these nC li kind of projects and the issue of duration needs to be aireci i·Tho pays and should pay for sector analyses AID ll or the field I must confess to the simple-minded view thci t it is the u s taxpayer who pays and that the I 'cst is a bookee ping queation For pl a'poses of Con Tessional revie it 'lould be clearly preferreble if the fun is requested ill a CP for the Bureau of CensUs say ' 1'ere charged to each mission and countr r invel ved T his cannot be a problem since the activities of this RSSA are p ojeot and country specific F ior determination of the projects to be carried out in order to determine the overall 'rorkload staffins- fu l1ding must be don in any case spite long discussions concerning this matter there lIJay be administrative regulations I still do not unierstand but the issue cf centralization vs decentraliza tion rith respect to funding strikes me as ftmdamentaJ lt false -- -------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of StatE3_ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 co 641544 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 -5I t1 i nk the same Can be said irith respect to design or nethodoloe J' ·2nd implementatiotl Point 3 in the cable the t suggests th J t sector a alysis iilJ nm- be p 'ojectized is particularly pu zliL'1g Sector aualyses havG al 'iays been projects Indeed the vi vision has ahre ys thotl t it imm msel iiil Portant to act accordinsly ' nd from the start to desi l1ate a project director who l'iill see the pl'oject througn to t o finish and to specify in as much detail as possible the i1l' t 1XCt of the po1ioy products and the cc pa bilties to be develop d b y the internalization process that will sienal completion The r al issue concerning deoentralization of desi 5n monitoring im leEentation tra j ning is what parts hOl'l much of' the D S vlOrr- 1oad can be carried out by mission other field personnel and wha t parts hOI' ' much mus t therefore be carried out by the TD ·i backs· o pers As I suggested in my April 11 rmemo andUIn ciiscussion of the one-s i te and the t 'lO-si te options the mOre tna t C9 n be done on the LnC site the better The first preference is to have the host·-country pers mnel do the job j the second preference is to have resident foreign advisors and or mission persormel cio it the t rd o oice is to have it done by personnel on the second site llasLington where up to no- a good part of the loe d has come to rest Ib both the se'6nd t 'ird case thc job should be done to a maximum ey-tent -ili th host-country personnel assisting as par'j of the inter - alization process In sum as presented the issues of designing projectizing ana implel 'lenting tend to ma sk some real i§ sues hich need to be aired The ca ble refers to backstopping fyranf ments and thus recognizes that the Inissions ' -rill not be able to carry ou t sector analyses uithout additional U S assistance But i oes not address the issue cf the mission staffing requireQ t6 bring about greater mj ssion involvement And it should be noied in this cOl' Il9ction that increased reliance on contracti g for al1alyt ic9 1 lfork ·rill have the e £ fect of further re-ducing mission involvement The cable 6 ives another reason for II decentI'alization ll i e II improve intec ration of sector ·a nalytic work 1ti th other mission and bureau activities thereby increa si g the impact of sector analysis on programming anci implementation My objection to this state Jent is that it1s ambigv ou 'S If it means that the d esign of a sector analysis should tuke mission project experience into account and that the design of future L1ission 9 'ojects should reflect sector analysis findinEi 'S the statement is unobjectiona ole But if as I fear the statement is taken to mean that sector analysis projects are to be suoordinated to pre-conceived policies or to ongoing projec a proache3 then the fundamental purpose of sector analyses - oj ll b $ thl1 rted oncerns how Bueh of tile U S res o r si-oili ty As I see it the genuine iscue of decentralization be placed in the i'ield missions This issue is rel ted to issues of mission stufin and training and to the need· for close coopera tion ar iOng analysts statisticiar s pr08Tawmers All tnese issues depend on a fundamenta J ilicy question ho' · important are sector analyses for the kind of da velopwent Congress desires Such a question is 4 J 4 3 IS '3' ' 4C 7 6' 5 $ 4 • - 4UJ SX4J$il Ui¢HW W C J43 APP ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10U1 2017 co 641544 6 IED u s Department of Stat -Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 20 17 ' 6Agency-r ide In fairness to the L A l U'eau it s lOuld be ree Jgni zaa that despite the internal a oubts i t went fiu·ther in this direction than any otnBI' Eu reau althou 1 recG' itly it seams to be turilin3 bael Is or is not the furthe 'ance of sector al1C' lysis a 'l Agency or an LA Eureau policy In my fourth objection · hich addresses ·this question I - iill arGue that the ca ble su e ests that furthering Becto an lyses uges not nave hi n priority Objection 3 rna cable contributes to the iideErpread confusion EectoI' analyses apd sector assessments -bet 'lee l First although the cable I s announced subject is tlL A Sector Analysis Activi ties and Support it goes on to seuss sector assessments as ' 1911 contributi 5 thel'i j j to the tendency to confuse Puxpose A a nd Purpose C a ctivi ties Seco d the justification for tldecentraliza tion t 1at refers to the 'integration of sector analytic nark Ii tll other mission a nd ureau development acti vi ties thereby incr asin5 the impa·ct of sector analysis on proe Tamming and implemer tation further contri0utes to the i-lidespread cobfusion by so strongly sug5esting that the purpose of a sector analysis is the same as that of a sector assessment to -dt improvinG the next AID loan in the sector 2-nd failing to mention host-country policy e nd resom ce alloce tiona Third titling point of the cable II Sector Assessr ent and Analysis Support II anc then dealing '1-ri th sector assessment arrane einents contributas further to the confusion Fouxth tha cable does not define the t ro 'acti vi ties 801 thou3h this 'lOulci haVe been an opportur J ty to do so Objectiol 4 The cable i-rill have the effect of discoUTaging sec tor ap al lse In its opening stutenent the cable announces that the IISGctor Analysis Li vision ••• Hill cease to e dst and primary responsU ili ty fo ' such cti vi tIes i'rhen they are underta 1 en ir Ll1 nO 1 rest 'ii th the missions 11 r iy underlinin 6 As explained unde ' Objection 2 for 6ir years' the missions have obseryed considerable Washington skepticism concerning the value and practica-oili ty of sector analyses It seems to me that a cable jhicn announces the demise of the division is bound to be ·taken as a 1 increase in skeptiCism if some strong rords of encouragement for sector analysi's are not also included Admittedly the cable's references to sector analysis seem to place it in' the category of good thine S but as ria all know almost anything ever- ft ing can be defended as good for development The question is one of compa rative value It is a question of pri rities As well as examining the country situation 'missions properly look to the Agency Bureau policy in establishing their priorities In the area of study they rill find that sector assessments are compulsory and sector analyses are not A common and usually justified mission compla int is t1cat it is asked to carry out more activities than it can properly handl Sector analysis p ojects are rather complex multi-year projects hich ould create new problems and head e ches for rni ssions Oi van the his tory of se'ctor analysis it seems to me that cable which cloes not urge the initia tion of sector analysis projects informs tnecmissions that the fleetor Analysis Division has been aoolished and states t at for the non-ag 'icultural sectors sup ort arranoements for secto ' a scssment analysis activities have not yet been fC· i · 11 ' j 11 C ' - - ' 'j ' ' - --_ _---_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 co 641544 6 IED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 Department -7- 4formaliz dll Till have the effect of discouraginB sector analyses The Sector Analysis Function I lould not like to have r J Y ODJEJC1i ons to the cable or the points I raised in the April 11 memorana u ll to 'be · rongly 'ie1ied as ar 01 '-'118n ts · - hioh ha ··j8 tl eir ori6i 1s in lnex' e or gani ' a tional c 1' - sidera tions I have proposed that the d cision to abolish the Sector Anal 'lsis j i vision in the L A DlU'eau Qe r V8rSec and tha t the analytical function be strengthened thrOU5I cOut the Agency by establishine similar ci ivision in the other egiona l bureaus because I have seen 1 other orgc' ni za tional prcposal Thich 1 i11 assure the proper oarrying out of this fU nction The actions outlined in the 'O'a1 le l'eflect and u l derestimation of the value of sector ar a1 rsis and of the specia l arranGe ents re uired for its proper execution Nost of the indivici uals 'oihe have been involved in sector a nalysis 'iOrk and there c re no a consic eraole number of us have oeen convinced that it can make a majox' contri oution in bringint about LnC reforws tha t favor a poor majority In my case this conviction has been s' re bthened by a recent policy breakthrough in El Sa-i vatior As a result of a 170- 9age sector analysis document prepared by the I linis tJ 'Y '1d th subStantial' ' UD 3UCElI assistance not pre-pareci oy AID for the l'iinistry the r· inist ry has changed its iiilnc about the causes of II dropout II and the 10i' schooling level e tta inment in the rurr l area and has d ecided that the constraints e re not on the ci emand si e as has been m ihtained until recel tly but on the siie of sUJ Pl · In tHO telephone con- rersa tions · i th San Salvador · e have bee ' ini'criiled tl at the I 'inistry no plans to further expamd e u ­ catior al services in the ru r aJ areq in part 'py com pleting a2l the incomplete chools and in the fU1' U'e bj' not buila i g schools iih i ch have less than six srad es 7 he ra Qi ty wi tl ihich this major policy change tne anal sis is still ll Ylder ray and most of the I inal documents have yet 'to o'e pr pareci has foll01' 9d the empirical finriings ay be quite ·signiijcant And on some other ocassion it may also be useful to consider the posdble connectior s among the 977 postelection violence and h an ri hts violations the 19e7 repeal by the Legislative Assembly of its o' n a rarian reform law 'ihen tl is law iaS strer ously opposed by -powerful interests the ins-ui'ficiency of schooling in the rural areas and the fa ilure of 'the peasentry with a very high illiteracy rate to organize and protest the repeal of the agrprian reform la 'Then the re tleal ' aG und ll' · ay ' In any case I wish to realZlrm my conviction that the kinds of in uiry representeQ by sector analysis carried out in and by LDGs 'Ti th outside assistance l HI increase the proba-oili ty tb t reforms favoring poor majo r i tics are carried out If AIl l ants the LTIGs to carry out sound objective inquiries of this sort it should not attem Jt to make t hem subordinate to the annual obligation process During a t o-month TDY in El Salvador 'Jeginnint May 15 I expeot to use rh tever free time is availabV to further elabore 'ue on the policy and·organi ational inplications of sector analYSiS for conBi eration in AID UNCLASSIFIED U S DepartmE nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415446 Date 10 11 2017 C06416722 IED u s DepartmentofStatenCa 'No· ·F-2'O'16-'0774'3 Doe No C06416722 Departlnent Of State STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 ES-31 I E U unMIfI 1522 087803 150-00 Date 10 11 2017 IHl4 R DRAFTED 8'1' S P MACASEY 8DM APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P GAUSTIN DRAFT 5 P-OF N80YER RAFT S P RJHARRINGTON RAFT DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY ----------------- 1921IBZ RELEASE IN PART 86 hi 013571 e 72 o 192052Z APR 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR IMMEDIATE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 087800 OISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N A PDIP SUBJECT REF FOR I ES DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SAN SALVADOR 1732 IFROM ANTHONY LAKE THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON THE SCENARIO OF AMBASSADORIAL CHANGE GRANVILLE AUSTIN HAS BEEN NAMEO COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE 5TIPU ATEO DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE ASSlSTANT SECRETARY FOR LATIN AMERICAN AFFAIRS THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE AND THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTEO VANCE I LIMITED OFFICIAL 'USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416722 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7024 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417024 Date 10 11 2017 1 RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEY BDM EXT· 29716' 9-26-77 S P JGARTEN ACTING SIP-OF - MR KINNEY S P RJHARRINGJON EA RA DHARRIS S IL DGOOD SIP ONLY ROUTINE MELBOURNE ROUTINE CANBERRA DISSENT CHANNEL E • 0' 116 52 NI A T A GS PIN T ELAB AS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE INDUSTRIAL ·UNREST IN AUSTRALIA br FORL-I_ _ _I FROM GARTEN - SIP ACTIN G DG DH 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR THOUGHTFUL DISSENT tHANNEL MESSAGE ON INDUSTRIAL UNRtST IN AUSTRALIA COPIES OF YOUR REPORT HAVE BEEN DISTRIBUTED TO THE OFFICES OF THE 'SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN AFFAIRS ' THE SPECIAL SSISTANT TO T HE SECRETARY FOR INTERNATIONAL LABOR AFFAIRS AND THE EAST ASIA REGIONAL AFFAIRS LABOR· _ ADVISOR · THAr l YO OR S U NGI NG TH E SE REP ORTS TO TH ·_____ __ _ ATTENTION OF THE DEPARTMENT YY L ' LIMITE 'OFFICIAL RJH 86 USE - ----- - ---- -- ------------------ - - I --- --------- - --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department ofState ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417024 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN FULL TELEGRAM Department of State SEeRET 73 ACTIOf'l NF'O 273 M A-lr11 OCT-till· EA-07 L- 3 INR-07 USIA-06 10 10 SO-0G1 NSAE-0 ACDA- 5 NSC- 5 1079 W -- ----- - R 31711Z NOV 7 CIAE 01'J1 PA-01 OODE 00 P-02 'PRS-0 ----- - PM-04 H 02 S5-15 112662 FM AMEM8ASSY I IE OS IRES TO SECST4TE A Hnc 3311 IJSMISSION USU Ij INFO AMEM ASSy SEuUL S· c til BUENOS ts 7 34 F n 11652 Gt s TAG S PFOi· ON I 5 AR 5U JECT ARG NTI t POSTTTO Oh KOREAN t NO Rt- aUF ST FUI FURTHER GLJID4NtE REFS A E 8A-71 0 ISSUE AT UN REVIEW OF BIDOING 8 STATE 245459 C BA-7148 D STAT 131759 tU-69 '3 1 ARGEhTIN 'S ORIGI AL POSITION AS THAT S E WOULD ABSTAIN ON ALL THREE QuESTInN REF ECTED l MIX PEGARD1NG OF OREA THE FlqST COMMITTE T IS PRINCIPLE wITH ORE OF THE I P AG ATIS 'ANO FOR R T AN TH LAT ER ARGENTINA MAY SINCER LY HAVE BELIEVED THAT NEITH tSOLuTION WAS AO QUATE ANO THAT A THIR shnULD RE snUGHT ijUT S E ALsn HAn COMPELLING P ACTIC4L HEASO S FOR AB TAIN1N A1 SM HAS RELATIONS WITN OT KOREAS A O ISHED TO OFF N EIT E B SHE DID NOT ISH TO LOSE THIRo'WORLn Suppn T 8t VOTING WITH us AN AGAINST ORT KOREA AND PERHAPS MOST IMPt ' HA 'TLY re HER AMRASSj DIJR l ' Tt1F LIN HA S II 'EAS OF REr OMING FC N AND WISH S Tn ou NOTHING TO OFFENu THE NONALTG EO ALne HE F ARG TINA MAOE UP h R M EA LY THAT S f WOULD AssTA I nl TWE TWO RESOLUTIONS REPRF SENTA TIO s ON ullR PMH hE R€M I THF UN p A Nn TN ioIASHINGTON COULf OT SHAt THFM FRO THA P05ITIO NF ITHF R COULD TIo4E 'REPRESENTATTONS OF T -SnuTri KO EA S TrlF JAPANESE THE FRENCH AND OTHF RS l - S L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 Department of State ---- - TElEGRAM - -i SE6RET PA E 2 U N05 7234 0319072 AQiiEN T PIA Oi S ' r l f VER VALUE r Ot t REL ATJ O JS wITH THE 1 15 THIlS WI1EN OIJR CCN-r uF O DE MhRCHF F fI4AI L'y CONVINCED TI-4E FORETGN MINI TRY THAT WE PLACE FXTREME IMPORTANCE ON THIS S UE THEY Bcr AN TO SEARCH FOR OME f'lF 6iNS OF ACCOMr OD TING US-WITtlOUT GIviNG AWAY THEIR OWN P SITION WH T THEY CA E UP WITH AT THE LART INUTe WA THE JD A OF VOTING WITH US ON THE p rORITY S UE THU IN T FIR MINDS H LPIHG TO AS URE THAT THF FRIENDLY REROLUTION AS TAK N UP FIRST IN lHE GfN R4L ASSEMBLY - HICH THFY BELlfVE waULn ASSURE ITS PAS9AGE NO 'ILL THE UNFRIENDLY ·RE SOLuTlrJN THF Y wFRF IJNI'IER NO MJSCO lCEPTInNS COr JCEkNING OllR nERIRE TO n£FEAT T E uNFRI N LY E50LUTION IN COMM1TTEF A B --- HILl I i' 11 I S OF M AR LHF nN QeT 2 L UJiGES TI NG THA T WE M1 GH T H V F- TO R VIEW S E REF OU A nAv--L E IN RILAT qAL RfLATIONS IF THEY DID NOT VOTE WI1H US REF RR D 5PF CIFIChLLY TO THE VOTE THE Fn LO lNG FIRST COM ITTEE WE APE CERTAIN REPRcS NT TIONS IN TWf UN ANn ASHI GT N WERE QUALLV CLEAR aUT wHILE T v UNOERSTQOO THAT E WOuLD H4V PREFFRREn TO KILL IT IN CO H TTEE TM ARGE TI S APPARENTLV LOOKED AT THE P OBLEM AS A WHOLE RATH l AN Sl PLY I THF FIRST COMMITTEF FROM SUBSEQUENT CONVERSATIONS wITH wORKING LEV L OFFIC ALS IT 15 CLEAR THAT T F Y ASSUMED THAT NOTw1T STANOI G OUR F FFORT TO DEFEAT THE UN RIE DLY RESnLUT ON IN COM ITTEE OUR OVERRlnLN URPOSE WA T0 AKE CERTAIN IT AS NOT ACCEPTEn RY THE GENERAL 4S EMBL1 ANn THIS T EY RELIEVED COULD BE ACCOMPLISHED R VOTING TO TAKE UP THE FPIEN LV RESOLuTION FIRST ·tV N IF ROTh H£SnLUTTONS RE SENT TO THE GENERAL ASSEM8Li T E ­ WI E AS O 0RKI G LEV L OFFICIAL COMM TED WHY l YOU ATTACM y IMPURTANCE TO THE PRJOQITy ISSUE IN YOUR AIOEMEMOY TO US SEE REF Sl ThE INTlI ATIONS IF wORKING L r VEL OFFICERS wE WERE Of T IS VIFW SEE REF el THOUGH FONMIN A AuZ CASTEX NEVER ARTrr uLATED IT EVEN IF HE HAD WE wOULD HAV A O SlRONG ARGUMENTS TO USE AGAI ST JT FOR ALL CUR INSTRUCTIONS FOr USEO O VOTTN IN THE F1RST COMMITTEE NONE REALLY FLASORATF O nN w AT OULn 4PPFN A D riHAT OUP TACTICS MIGHT·HE IF OTH RESOLUTln S PASSED 1N INFORMAL CONVF-RSATIONS WITh RKING L VfL OFFICIAL E F LL gAC ON PARA TEN OF REF n I E THAT AN UNACCEPTA L r O PROMISE R SOLUTION WOUL P O AbLY 8F THF nu COME IN PLENAQy IF 80TH PRE E T RESOLUTIONS PASSEn IN FIRST - f I J FROM A ARE SEERET F RM n _' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 M b ·1 «' rr c' e- I''' '' t- - net h - q q ••• Department of State· TELEGRAM SECRET OMMITTEE THIS UT AN EFF CTIVf ARGUMENT HO EVER FOR TH ARGENTINES Sf V ASKED HV AND w NT 9ACK TO TH IR ASSUMPTION Ti-fAi t I1AU E 10IJGH 'lOT ' TO PAS5 OUR ·R SOLUTION Ir TriF GENERAL ASSEMpLY FU THER lHE ARGFNTI ES HAVE AL ALONG FAVORED A TrltRn RESOLUTIONS HEhCE ThIS WAS wORSE THA Q ARr UMENT AT AL L 4 THE ARG NTINE5 MAY WELL HAV P fEN TOTAL LY WRONG IN THF IR APPROACH RUT ERE AT LEAST wE CANNOT SP AK FOR nRTIZ DE Qzas' VIE ' TH Y BELIEVEO AND STILL BELIEVE THAT THEY WERt H 'LPfIlL TI' US BY VOTING Ar ATNST REVERSING THE PR70RITIES TH q MAY NOT BE TH CASE BUT IN ANY VENT wE WOIII MuCrI APPiH 1' T' IT SOME INOtC HIO FROM THE OEPT Oil USUt i AS TO IiJwHAT wt L'r i 'i 01 WE'llllTEI' D TO l O BY FOR THE F IENJ lI Y RESOLUTION IN THF GA O W GO Tn A COMPROMISE RESOLUTTON IN PLENARY AN tF SO HY OR IS ThERE SOME THIRO COURSE 5 IF WE ARE GOING TO TRY TO GET THE FRltNnLY RESOLUTION THROUGH THF GENERAL ASSEM LY l'JE ASSI1ME liE wII L NEED ALL THE VOlfS WE AN G T I CLU ING THAT OF ARGENTINA EMBA SY RELIEVES THAT WITH A aIT OF HuqSE TRAUI r WE JUST HIGhT SWING THF ARGENTINES nVFR TO VOTING ITH us MOST VJTAL ISSUE fOR ARGENTINA bS FONMtN ARAUZ CASTEX HAS INOICATED SEE REF El l ThAT OF MAI VINAS 4Rr Et ITINES U OERSTAf l1 l THAT IT IS IMPOSSIPL F FOR IJS Trl 5uPPI IRT THEIR CLAIMS AGAJNST THOSE OF THE UK IF ' HOWEVER f COULD SEE OIIR wAY CLEAR TO PRIVAJFLY AND OI CREETLY URGF RR TJSH TO CARRY O WITH N GOTI TIONS THUS fMOVI G IPRITATJO RET tN TwO CLOSE FRIENOS THIS MIGHT WELL BE ENOUGH TO CAUSE AR ENTINeS IN RFTURN TO VOTE wITH US ON KOREAN ISSUE AND 5U H DEMARCHE nN OUR PART TO BRITl H WOULD COST US LITTLE THFR IS UN RESOLUTION CALLI G fOR TWO SIDES TO EGOTI TE WE wOULD NOT' B SrlO ING PREFERENCE FOR EITH£R SI6f wE w ULO SlMPLY BE GIVING VERBA L SUPPORT TO A UN RESOLUTION A O URGING Twn F I NO TO S TT E THFIR PROBLE THROUGH NEGOTIATIONS CE TAI LY E AS5Y WOULD RECOM END STRO G Y AGAINST ANY P FVlt Qf dILAT R L R LATIONS AT THIS TIME AHG NTINA 6 REI IEVES S'iE RESPONI ED TO OUR EMARCHE AT L EAST IN PART AN OUL NOT UN ERSTA D SUC A REVIE FURTHER WE MAY NEEry TH ARGENTINF VOTE ON OTHER KtY I SUES IN THF GA- POSS LY EVEN ON T E KOREAN ISSuE IT ELF WE ILL NOT - O_R ' 05 652 -- -- - ___------ --- -------' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 Department of State PAGE 4 GE IT BY dUENQS 7234 TELEGRAM 031907Z fINALLY WE HAVE OT ER nUR IN ESTMENTS OUR PDLITICAL 51 ATEGV IN TH HE ISPHERE ANO IN THE SOUTHEPN CONE--WHICH CG LD FE SERTOUSLY O_HftGEP BY SUCH A STEP w no NOl ULE IT L f FnR THE FUTURE BUT AT THIS POINT IT WOULO pPEAR TO Sf PREMATURE AND cnu TERP OOUCTIVf REVIF T c ATlnNS A D MPORTANT NTEF l RE •• t T RNS UF HII L FORM _ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445849 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472740 Date 01 11 2018 _-_ --------- ------- --'_ ' - - - -- - --_ __ _ ----- - ' - _ RELEASE IN FULLI -- - December 16 19 1 SheRE · SlCBIS To The Secretary From S PC - Arthul· A Hartman' Attached 'tab n New Delhi Dissent Hessage As you have instructed S PC is reVie o1ing the attached message Tab B and o1i11 be submitting comments after consultation with appropriate offi es I recon mend ' a That the message be given to' t he Chairman of the Open Forum Panel for co ent and b That you sign a telegram to New Delhi Tab A ackllOl'11edging receipt of this message Attachments Tab A Proposed Te egram Tab B - Ne 01 Delhi cable ' S PC AAHartn an gw ext 22474 1 ·t SEORET - g UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472740 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473816 Date 01 11 2018 ----- - _ - ' RELEASE IN PART 86 FORM 1 S 322 OCR CONFIDtNTIAL S P-OFP SVOGELGESANG EMB 7 8 74 X21S790 SIP PSWIERS USIA FOR IAA ONLY INFO PRIORITY PRETORIA •• DISSENT CHANNEL ps E O llb52 GDS TAGS ' OEXC SF SUB·JECT DISSENT MF SSAGE SV PRETORIA 2911 iB PRETORIA 2857 C PRETORIA 2b63 D PRETORIA 2787 REF A 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of DISSENT TELEGRAM 2857 OF JUNE 28 1974 SU 8MITTED 8Y I I MR • 86 2 WILLARD A DE PREE OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF SIP HAS SEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SU8STAN·TIVE RESP ONSE TO THIS DISSENT MESSAGE IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES I rS TELEGRAM HAS SEEN CIRCUtATED TO THE OfFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUiIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLIC PLANN NG STAFF AND THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL ADDITIONAL COPIES ARE BEING SENT TO THE ASSISTANT SECR TARY FOR AFRICAN ' 'f'FAIRS THE ASSISTANJ SECRETARY FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CULTU AL AFfAIRS THE 'DIRECTOR FOR THE OFFICE OF AFRIC U FROGRAMS M D ·THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR AfRICAN AFfAIRS AT USIA 3· - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473816 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473816 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' - FORM DS 322A OC C9NFIDENTIAL ' 12 lj WE WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBI E TO THr O· 5 R NS EXPRESSED 8' 80TH -I- ----JTT _______ I B61 ' ' I • - I CONrI» NTIAt UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473816 Date 01 11 2018 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415417 Date 10 11 2017 C0641541 TIED ' D partrnent PAG 1 STATE UU I b Ui ftili U PIli L Ii J J I I I L u oj Sta t e TELEGRAM 97 5 260301 ORIGIN SP-0 £ OCT OI INFO G 3 150-60 RELEASE IN PART R ' 86 DRAFTEO ElY S P CASEY GDM • ' APPROVED BY S P ALAKE S P CF RR R S P-DF PSIO NNr Y DESIRED DISTRIBUTION O L o S P R 0916282 _____ -----_------04012S 1010252 11 NOV 77 fM SECSTATE wASHoe TO I MEIJlS SSY 1v1 NILA UNCLAS ST TE 268301 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N TAGS N I SU6J geT I OF CH IIJ-lNEL IM NIL 1 7 2'1 i' REF FOR Dr SSF NT I L '_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ THIS VlILL NOVEM8 R 2 MESSII Gr FI OM I CKNOWLEDGE 1977 MR 86 S P-LM e ' ' RECEIPT OF YOlln DISSI NT MESSAGE CURTIS FMlRAR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS aEkN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CH RGE t 5uasr NTl VE ilEPl Y IN l eeORDM·iCE WITH 51'l PUI_i TE DISSEN CHANNEL REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO HiE OFFICES OF 'rHE f ECnETI FlY ' HE EXECUTlV SECFlET RY THE CHAIRi ' OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL THE THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR THE BUREAU OF EAST ASIAN OF J 7f-· S r ··i' r I D N srRI' 4ron r- i1 THE 'S Cy FOR r 7 t · ­ ViE COM ·ie ND Youn USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNel AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS poSSr6LE TO THE VIEWS YO HAVE SUUMITTED V NCF TION ' L D 'Vr LCI' jr NT j UNCLASSIFIED - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415417 Date 10 11 2017 co 641694 I IED u s p pa'1 E_L t _ s __ o F 0 _0 7 3_g9 J Jo C 9 4 1J_ 10 11 17 _ 'l' ' -' ------ - ' ' - RELEASE IN PART 86 CONFIDENTIAL S P PKAPLAN 8AW 12 1 77 X20398 S P ALAKE EUR EE - MR S P JGARTEN S P-OF-DSKINNEY SUBS AND WS SIP ONLY ROUTINE WARSAW DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 TAGS PO SUBJECT REF TO l GDS DISSENT CHANNEL 'MESSAGE US AID TO POLAN TiD A WARSAW 8467 Bi BY WARSAW 8179 C WARSAW 8192 ________________ FROM SIP DIREcrOR LAKE 1· WE cor'lMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND HAVE REVIEWED YOUR MESSAGE REF A ON US AID TO POLAND WHILE IT ARRIVEP TOO LATE FOR CONSIDERATION BEFORE THE NOVEMBER 22 PRe MEETING ON POLAND IT WILL ENSURE THAT IT IS INCLUDED IN THE BRIEFING MATERIAL SENT TO THE DEPARTMENT'S REPRESENTATIVES AT THE PRC FOLLOW-ON MEETING WHICH IS SCHEDULED TO BE HELD IN EARLY DECEMBER UPON THE RETURN 'OF SECRETARY KREPS 2- BY NO YOU MAY HAVE READ STATE 282737 EXDIS WHICH SUMMARIZES THE RESULTS OF THE NOVEMBE 22 PRC MEETING AND REFERS TO FOLLOW-ON WORK YOU ALSO MAY HAVE SEEN STATE 279079 IN WHICH ASSISTANT SECRETARY VEST AND I INDICATED OUR APPRECIATION TO AMBASSADOR DAVIES FOR THE TWO EXCELLENT WARSAW CABLES REFS 8 AND C · THEY CONTRIBUTED SIGNIFICANTLY TO THE DEPARTMENT'S CONCONFIDENTIAL 'V UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416941 Date 10 11 2017 86 ---------------------CO 64 16941 IED 1 U S e a n ent of ta te Case No F 0 1 6- 7743 oc N C06416941 Date 10 11 2017 fORM DS 322A OCR I2 CONFIDENTIAL iIDERATION OF THE ISSUES gEFO E HE PRe· AS WE STATED DISAGREEMENT EXISTED - - AN'D CONTINUES TO EXIST -- ON SOME Of THE DETAILED ISSUES YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE DEALS WITH SOME OF THESE OUTSTANDING QUESTIONS -- ESPECIALLY THE APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF US ASSISTANCE 3 WE UNDERSTAND THE DIFfICULT POLISH FINANCIAL S TUATION AND THE PROBLEMS THAT ENSUE FROM POLAND'S INEFFECTIVE POLITICO-ECONOMIC SYSTEM SECRETARY KREPS IS SEEKING FURTHER DEtAILED INFORMATION ON THE POLISH ECONOMY AND INDE8TEbNESS TO ASSIST US IN OUR FURTHER POLICY DELIBERATIONS WE CERTAINLY DO NOT INTEND AN INDEFINITE SUBSIDIZATION OF THE POLISH ECONOMY RATHER WE WILL MAKE WHATEVER DECISIONS ARE NECESSARY BASED ON OUR OWN ECONOMIC AND POLITICAL INTERESTS IN THE SITUATION THIS WOULD INCLUDE REINFORCING POLISH EffORTS TO STABILIZE ITS ECONOtlY IT ALSO WOULD TAKE ACCOUNT OF THE DANGERJS Of INSTABILITY IN EAST CENTRAL EUROPE AND THE POLITICAL OBJECTIVES WHICH FORM THE CORE OF US POLICY TOWARD EASTERN EUROPE 'AS DEfINED IN PD-21 4 WE SHALL CERTAINLY KEEP IN MIND THE QUESTJ ONS YOU RAISED IN PARAGRAPH 7 OF YOUR MESSAGE WE EXPECT SOME OF THEM TO BE ADDRESSED AT THE NEXT PRC MEETING YY CONfIDENTIAL lc - _0- _ _ __ __ - - - -- - C i -- -- _ - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416941 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446272 Date 12 11 2017 lJlJ J a rl 111 Cnt OJ 1 CUe ' • pm 81 AtllON Il ro OCI·OI 0 f Q lUlU ItINSHA onu 'G5S1 J $·01 t ISO·06 liN 1 ••• •••••• '··i s n ·Olunz • I 5 A E StellOK er 141 In KIHSP I m OlUtHl tRAlIHn DRAfUR OiSIRES DISlRlBUTlOn 10 P a r n • III IIY VJ V 1I0ST or IKE lRGUIIW· ' TIHUJ Ir YUH i ' li U i il IHI •• j PAPtR H S Bnll 611 0 10 OEr SlRAH IHAI IHt C · I 'I AIID IIIEPIUUOE or THE • II08UtU REGIIIE UE SO G £Al IHAI II u t IS INEVitABLE IN IH SHaRI OR nIO·HRH RlGAR01EU u 1 uS POlity IS 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P%NT L t TAGS SUBJECT' 'THE QU STION • a t II IV 138 'JO ··htPE R T%V JO us ACTioN ON 'THE ·P A STiN AN UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431110 Date 11 13 2017 - - - - - - - - - - - -_ - - _ - -------- - - - - - - - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431685 Date 11 13 2017 --- ------- _------ -------- ------ --- GBNF'I BENT I AL OUTGOING _Depqj tl1lel t Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-01 STATE 107488 150-00 ONY-00 RELEASE IN PART 86 TELEGRAM 556Z 1003 R DRAFTED BY SIP GsAUsTIN APPROVED BY SIP ALAKE ARA - MR DEVINE DRAFT DIHA - MR sNEIDE CRAFT M OG - MR I I SSFEL T SUBSTANCE SIP-OFF NABOYER DESIREO OISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY -------------- ---130311Z o 130247Z MAY 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR IMMEDIATE e b N F i E O U E N i l A eSTATE 107488 11652 TAGS PFOR SUBJ ECT GOES GDS PGOV SHU us ES OISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE DISSENT CHANNEL FOR SIGNATORIES OF REF A REF 086585 163 HUMAN RIGHTS ANO THE I F R orrM A N IH OITN VT-'C A K e - 5 7 Prr- AND OTHER SAN SALVADOR 17321 ffi STATE 087800 STATE 098384 STATE 105097 1 YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PRESENTED A CONVINCING CASE BASED ON SOUND REASONING AND EXPRESSED IN CLEAR LANGUAGE 2 LARGEL Y AS A RESULT OF YOUR CASLE THE DEPARTMENT HAS ADOPTED A MODIFIED VERSION OF YOUR OPTlON 4 AMBASSADOR LOZANO'S DEPARTURE IS BEING DELAYED ONE MONTH DEPARTMENT ALSO MAKING PLANS FOR A DEPARTMENT OFFICIAL TO MAKE A FIRM PRESENTATION ON us HUMAN RIGHTS POLICY TO LEAVE NO DOueT IN THE MINOS OF THE HIGHEST OFFICIALS IN THE GOES THAT THE AMBASSAOOR HAS SEEN CONVEYING THE ADMINISTRATION'S POLICY AND NOT HIS PERSONAL VIEWS REF C AND 0 IT IS ESSENTIAL THAT THE GOES UNDERSTAND THIS AS YOUR MESSAGE POINTS OUT 3 I UNDERSTAND THAT AMBASSADOR LOZANO HAS SHARED WITH YOU THE CONTENT OF HIS INSTRUCTIONS FROM THE DEPARTMENT AS CONVEYED TO HIM IN REF C 4 FURTHER ACTING DEPUTY ASS STANT SECRETARY DEVINE ADVISED SALVADOREAN AMBASSADOR HERE ON MAY 9 THAT USG UNABLE TO SUPPORT $90 MILLlON lOB LOAN FDR EL SALVADOR ON HUMAN RIGHTS GROUNDS AND THAT WE SUGGESTED DEFERRAL THIS ITEM FROM IDe AGENDA DEVINE EMPHASIZED THAT THIS POSITION WAS TOTALLY CONSISTENT WITH HE ADMINISTRATION'S EXPRESSIONS OF CONCERN ON HUMAN RIGHTS MADE BY AMBASSADOR LOZANO IN SAN SALVADOR S r REITERATE THE OEPARTMENT'S APPRECIATION OF YOUR TIMELY AND EFFECTIVE USE OF THE OISSEN CHANNEL CHRISTOPHER lUI t' I rHal T f AI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State -Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431685 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445614 Date 12 11 2017 -r- _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ _ - - _ _ _ _ _ _ -_ •• _ _ _ _ _ _ ••• _ ___ - n FORM DS 322 OCR ·1 C6NFI»ErnIAL IRELEASE IN PART 861 l CU YSS RTARWDT LSB Q 23 74 EXT 23730 SIP - SLEWIS U OPP NBOYER T JONES INFO ROUTINE S P HCBLANEY ARA CAR JWSIMMS SANTO DOMINGO E O·· 11652 GDS TAGS PFOR OGEN DR SCUL SUB JECT YOUTH PARA DISSENTING VIEW REF A SD 538 FEB 6 L9ll1974 B S'D 2190 MAY 21 U l 73 C STATE 209583 OCT 24 1973 D SD 4159 OCT 1973 E SD 4585 NOV 8 9 1973 F STATE 228145 NOV 20 II L973 SL RTA r NB '1 I ' HCS- iJ CJ JIJJS '171 1 DEPARTMENT APPRECIATES VIEWS OF FSOS I IAND r--l THEIR OPINIONS WILL BE PRESENTED IN FORTHCOMING REVI OF YOUTH POLICY PAPER WHICH RESULTED FROM WORLDWIDE POST REAlSPONSES DISCUSSION WILL TACKLE QUESTION OF BROAD REFOCUSING OF APP OACH TO YOUTH QUESTIONS TAKING ACCOUNT OF IDEAS RAISED IN THIS MESSAGE AS WELL AS OTHERS THIS REVIEW WILL FOCUS ON PROBLEM OF HOW BEST TO ASCERTAIN AND MAINTAIN AN APPROPRIATE LEVEL OF ATTENTION AT EACH MISSION AND TO INTEGRATE THE YOUTH DIMENSION INTO OVERALL MISSION EFFORTS 2 THE DEPARTMENT HAS STRESSED BASIC IMPORTANCE OF ONCOMING GENERATION AS FACTOR IN PRESENT AND FUTURE POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC EVOLUTION OF COUNTRIES IN WHICH US HA INTEREST THUS YOUTH FACTOR SHOULD BE RELiFLECTED AS APPROPRIATE IN POLITICAL REPORTING AND ANALYSIS 3 IN LIGHT OF POINTS IN DEPTEL 2190 ANY FURTHER SUGGESUNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445614 Date 12 11 2017 B61 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445614 Date 12 11 2017 OUTGOING TELEGRAM C·onfirwelion Sheet ' b M DS 3 2A OCR I· C NFIJ EN'fIAt TIONS ON SPECIFIC POINTS IN PARAS 2 4 AND 5 WHICH AUTHORS MAY WISH TO ADD WOULD BE WELCOMED BY REVIEW GROUP YYY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445614 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 - 86 I I • II I I I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 I '- V' i I I f 1 I _ _ i - _ l UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 I J I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 • I - r' ' 'J • ' ' • r ' • s r' JIll - -1 eSNl'teeN flAbil t - • • ' t n -- f-i 1 y UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445792 Date 12 11 2017 co 641672 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416728 Date 10 11 2017 REa4 i RELEASE IN PART 86 J o 152eiBSZ '10 c APR 7 A eMaASSY 8 N SALVADOR 5 STATE AaHDC IMMED AT 3 S6 FM 0 I D T I A ECf ON OF 3 AN S VADOR 1732 OISS§NT CHANNEl O 11652i-G-o·a ------------- SU8J 1 D S E T CHANN 1 EeSAGE GE' - ' OF • SCEN' IO - AMaAS AOORIAL CHA 5 AM 212 ' 2 PAM 101 1 PAr 2 3 STATE Ap 9 86 86 L r tt rs HE85AG WAS DRAFTED BY I L--- J F SO 3 eOI Or'F AND r O 5 CO 'll - -MA- - r r -- -R- -Eo - · O- E - C T ' VE - -L -- -Y - AN D ----- J suasCRlSED TO y TH08 FORE G SERVICE F RSONNEL wHOSE APPEAR IN THE PINA PARAGRAFH li SUG EST THXs nISSENT 6E DISTtHBUTf O iO ASSISTAW 52CRc TARY HDNAN AND jHa NCS AS YIE I L AS 'TH AODRESSEt 3 Di 5CR EiJ- IN 'F N 212 3 i'lE ARE NOT S N5rTIVE TO WID R DISTRI UTION ' ' 2 THE ISSUE ON AP L tl THE AM6AS8ADCR HAS NoTIFIED THAT-H WILL E REPLACED HIS SUCCESSOR TO Bg NAMED HORTLV HE WAS TOLD TO OEFART' POST AS eOON AS POSSI3 G THOS SI N NG TH S'HESSAGE WISH TO R G 5TE T EIR §sENT FROM AN ACTt U N WHICH MIGHT AP EAR TO BE A RouTINE MaASSADORIAL CHANGE TO THoSe WASHINGTON RESPONSIB a FOR THE DECISIO -IN - -' t· BU ' ••WHICH IN THE CONTEXT OF OCAL AND REGION L' AT OSfH RICS HAS • - -w S E R I U SAD VERSE FOR c I GN Fa l ICY I t-i I I CATI 0 NS WE E IE VE A 'PER ON oC nfArl-SAeOUTT6-'C CCO t wtCL 9E OETRIi'lENTAL TO 1rot SJE TIVE8 THIS EMBASSV IS PURSUING AND COU D SERI USI Y Y Nbr M M _E LLlUR E usc fOl ICy GOAl S ' _ CONEIDENT A ' ---- J '_ - _ '1 • ' - - ' 1 -- - e ' - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm 0t of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416728 Date 10 11 2017 co 641672 8 IED U S Dep rtment of State Case No F -2016-07743 Doc No C06416728 Date 10 11 2017 CPNPIDErJUAl 02 PAG IN LATIN AMER CAc 't EAR g NOT jl t 5 PUT H G t R0 1 0 R r r p l Y VlG D1 SSE NT R ROGATIVE TO 'i Ii E OF eXECUTIVE CHOltE AS PRnF SSIDNAL FOR IGN ERVltE PRACTITIONEAS HOWEVER WE DESTION TfIATsuFFleIE TANALYSIS WAs MACE OF rH ENVIRONX£NT P SlDENTIAL NOM NATE' MBA5SAOORe IN RICH 1'I1IS Dr C SION ·WH afi rMpI Et'iENTEO i E' Ttl' STAn OF THE PRe SENT a · A'i A RE p TlONSr IP t l n ' IMP EHENiXNb THIS Oe Clil ON COUl O AOVANCE C lInCA 08G POLICY O 3J2 CTIVES Ir PRO E ' THlW # ON iH orH R HANO COUI O SER D SLY 1 HP r in PRE5f 'f ii ANO r 'JTURa URSl IT OP' TriES eVER Y NT R C A is ft 4 i REGU g OOR FOR A REVIEW OF THIS DECISION-ENOS WXTH A RECOM0EHDAT ON FOR ONE DF TWO POSSIg E OPTIONti CNE lNVO VES YHE PRESENT AMBASSADOR RE AINING AT paST FO k AUD TIONAL PERIOD WHILE MISSION P RSONNEC A MIRE-THE MANNER IN WHICH' AM3 9SAPOR LCZk O HAS HAND ED HIMS LF AND PURSUED us f NAnONA ' INTf h STS DURING' HIS T i'iU E 'TH1S EXiENSION WI S NOT·REP E p AT' - • •• - NOT' AN OBj CTIV OF THE OISSENT IT D VELOPED AS DID THE ALTERNAT VE ECOMMENDAT ON FROM OUR ANA Y8IS us OF I-IIJl'j '1'0 3Esr P jT r j AND PROJE ir 5 BACKGROUND UN SSU BEGINNING NA' 'lONAI NT-ERC STS RDU$HLY IN OCT05EA 1976 WiTH VIGO ENTUBIA5M'AND STEADY TH S-EM ASSY AS BEEN U SUING DEPA n1 ENTAb U P0 RTAN D GUIO AjIJ CE- A POL ICY f I l'i HF AVVEIl P ASIr HUIJAI FaGi ij'S 155U 3t T HIS CAI·ic ASOUT OT WIiH i'I ARRIVAL OF A' NEf M 1 'O'R- IN AUGUST 1975 OR EvJ US' AD INISTRAT O IN JANUA Y 1917 aUT AFTeR A SERIES OF i T£RNAL s VAnORAN EVENTS I KO I CHE A OET B 'I'O All filA·H-E RN THE ·lAJOR ON INCI UDE O ·CA 'j'HE' AP AiE lT ASS·A5aIhtutiJ N OF AN AMER CAN CITIZ N WHILE IN THE CUSTOJV OF Goes' AGE TS THE R1 CHAan sO cA E C TH NI S'J' R A ENTAN 0 EX PUU3 0 t ' QF US a n PR I El tS TO VAQUE ANOUNSU815 i AIJ ffATE 0 ·-Cl·i 'GES' ' C·c· THE VIOL NT AFTERMATH OF THE fESRUARY 20 1971 PRESIOENTIAb E ECTIONS - J o I ni tIn ZEN ANO O' ROaL cMS IN tH3TA N NG P ATVI'iIGUARAN Te Q AC £E s S wn US CXTIZt NSc 'HESE EVENTS COU L ED 'iO O TAI J GOES INIjIGNATION AT USG ON ITS EL CTCRAL PROCESS ANO us CONGRES5IaNA INQUIRY INTO THE STATE OF HUMAN RIGHTS IN EL SALVADOR RESUL1EO IN GOES WRATH FOCUSSING ON THE AMBASSADOR AND THOSE EM8ASSY OFFICERS COMM NT - ' - - ' -' ' - c · · 7 r r' • - - J __ - CONEXD NTlA ' I ' '•• - - • - M '0 ' • p ' t' ' _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416728 Date 10 11 2017 ----------------------------U S Department of State -Cas No F-2016-07743 D N oc o C06416728 Date' 10 111 PAGE e3 SAN SA OF 2017 co 641672 8 'IED VJF a 1 t 15211 Z W O hAD CARRIEI THE USC fl ESSAGt TO 'rI EP AFTe R THE PRESS CARRIED THE St ST ' R E$ 'r 0 i HE 0UTSI tl ' nRC 0 1 I i E-A Aat ii S l Q 6ECM'I c £ 081 k Ci i Li s JJi - l s PNJf-1C h-' 'J QJ _ Qf _1 r U KU lf rr RI dlq - POL-ICY n os HTHij iHE Gor S y Hu COO t6 L O Pf FIANr iiF USG XfR SSIOKS CC CERN a GAN CAMPAIGt eITUATICN a A S U PTI 0 i a cr r I t 0 THIS DIS $ EN T f·j f THIS IS THE 6 OF R e NT CO StFlUCT O il'lIS CISSENT J TO 045T THE A 3ASSADGR KAVE p NUN8f R 01' ElA5IC ASSUCiPTIO - 5 HICtl 'IUBi BE K On M 0 UNliERS'l'OOD If OU CONCERN A D RECO 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OTHER DISSfNT CHANNEL POLITI CAL OFF ICER TELEGRAM IlCESSMY TO LOOK AI OIlE OR TIIO 8ASIC fACTS IIllIr H ARE lOT QUITE SO EASY TO PERCEIVE DR DEMOIISTRATE AS THOSE IIllICH STEM FRon RECORDED EVENTS DR OfFICIAL STATISTICS fiRST AMOnG THESE IS THE SII1PL£ BUT VERY OFTEN IGnORED fACT THAT THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT DOES IIOT POSSESS AIlYTHIIIG LIKE A MOHOPDl Y or THE nHITAIIT OR IDEOLOGICALLY-MOTIVATED ELEIlENTS IIII ICH ARE • CURRENTlY PLAYING LEACING ROLES IN IrIDUSTRIAL RElATIOIlS IN AUSTRALIA THUS I IIILE THERE ARE CERTAIIILY LEfT-IIIJ G CONrRONTATIONISTS IN pOIlERrUl POSITIONS IN THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT THERE ARE ALSO RIGHI-IIING COIIFRO TATIorUSTS IN R 070715l SEP 77 fll AI1C IISUL MElBOURNE TO SECSTATE IIASHDC C066 INFO AMEHBASSY CAIISERRA 1I1iITED OFFICIAL USE SECHON 1 Doc No -C0641 7 025 - -Date 10 11 2017 D 86 DRASTIC SANCTIONS OIlLY AS A LAST RESORT AFTER THEY HAVE EXHAUSTED EVERY OTHER EAIIS OF ACHIEVING REDRESS OF SERIOUS OR LOHG-PENDIrIG GRI EVAHCES EIIBASSY ICANBERRA HAS DECLINED CJ TO TRANSMIT IS SUBMITTING THE SERIES VIA THE DISSENT CHANNEL BECAUSE HE BEliEVES IT CDNTAIiIS INTERPRETATIOHS OF IMPORTANT EVENTS IN s THt POINT TO BE rlRMlY GRASPED HERE IS THAT IN A PURELY IUDUSTRIAL RElATIONS SENSE OR CONTEXT THERE ME NO REAL DlrFEREIlCES BETIlEEN AUSTRALIA IIllICH SHOULD BE SRDUGHT TO THE ATTfHTIOII OF lAS IHGTOH EnDUSERS THE REPORTS IlERE OR If IHALL Y SUBMITTED TO THE EHBASSY AS IfElBOURNE 1737 MELBOURNE 136 AND MElBOURIIE 18S8 PURCHL REQUESTS THAT SIP 0 I STR I BUTE COP 1£ S nOT OIlLY TO THOSE U ST£D ON PAGE CONSERVATIVE GOVT OffiCIALS 1Ill0 IIlTERVENE PUBLICLY ON THE SlOE OF EMPUlnRS IH UIIRESOL VEO IIIDUSTRI AL DISPUTES AS I1AIIY HAVE DOllE AND LEFT-III11G TRADE UNIOII LEABERS HO IMPOSE ARBITURY BAilS ON THE CONSTRUCT Iall Of I PORTAIIT PUBl rc PROJECTS FOR tl PRACTICAL PURPOSES BOTH ARE FUllcn ONJlIG AS MILITANT COllFROHTAllOKSTS AIID BOTH ARE VILLMH$ • OF THE DEPT'S A-JIl1 BUT TO MR DALE GOOD Sill AKD MR DOHAU HARRIS EA RA -- - - - _ - - r I I -' - 6 III TXE CIRCUMSAIICES FOR ANY CRITICIS OR DESCRIPTlOIl Of THE INDUSTRIAL RELAtiDIIS SYStEM IR AUSTRALIA TO BE BALANCED COMPLETE AND CREOIBLE IT MUST REFLECT All AIIARENESS OF AlID A lILL IfIGIIESS TO ACKUOIIUDGE THE FACT THAI GREEDY IRRESPONSIBLE AND IDEOLOGICAllY1I0TIVATtO ElEMENTS IE VillAINS ARE A D HAVE LOIIG SEEII HARD AT IIORK NOT OIlL Y III OIlE CAMP BUT IN ALL THREE OF THEH 2 MELBOURNE 031 A SUBJECT INDUSTRIAL UJrRESI IN AUSTRAL IA IIllD ARE THE UIUAINS7 I FOR A lONG TInE THE rEDERAl GOVI AIID THE NON-LABOR STATE 60VTS OF QU EIlSLAIIO AIID EST AUSTRALIA AIID TO A LESSER EXTWT VICTORIA HAYE BEEfl DOING THEIR BEST TO CONVINCE PEOPLE THAT THE AUSTRALIAII £CONOIIY lDUlD BE MOVIUG MORE RAPIDLY TOIIARD RECOVERY IF IT II RE flOT FOR A IIIXED BAG OF GREEDY IRRESPONSIBLE AND IDEOLOGI CALL YHOTlY TED TRADE UNIOH AGITATORS lillO THEY CLAIM HAve SHU KEEp·ING THE COUNTRY IN A stATE OF ALMOST cnUSTANT IUDUSTRIAL UIIREST THESE GOVIS HAVE AINTAlIlED THAT IHFUT ION ·AIIO UKEMPLOYIIEHT ARE UP AND INVESTMEIH AIID COHSUHPT ION ARE DO U HOT BECAUSE THE CONSERVAT I VE ECONOIlI C POll elES OF THE PAST YEAH AHD A HALF HAVE BEEN POORL YCONCEIVED OR IMPLEHEIITEO BUT LARGELY BECAUSE THE TRADE UNION MOVEMENT HAS BHN USING ITS 1fI0USTRIAl HUSClE TO DISRUPT THE NAtiONAL ECONOIIY AND TO BLACKIlAIL HARD-PRESS EMPLOYERS 2 THE TRADE UNION nOYEIlEllT HAS REACTED TO THIS TH£SIS BY CHARGIICG THE CONSERVATIVE GOVTS IIITH RESORTilIF TO HOUSAU AND INOISCRI Hlf ATE 'UNION-BASH IHO AS A I1EANS Of SH I Ft IHG THE BLANE FOR UIISUCCESSFUl POLICIES FROII THE RESPONSIBLE FoR THE POLICIES TO THEIR VICTIMS 3 BOTH SIDES HAVE MARSHAllED FACTUAL IH OR ATIOH TO SUPPORT THEIR l'OSIIIOlIS FOR £X llnPLE TaE GOVTS tAllO THE IR SUPPORTERS AHOIIG THE EMPlOYEH HAVE CIT£O THE DISRUPTIVE ANO EXPENSIVE 5TRIfiES lHICH HAVE DCCURRED 50 FAR IN 1917 III SUCH KEY SECTORS AS AIR UO SURFACE tRANSPORT AIID MINING 11TH MORE OF THE SAME THREATEflEOJ AUO THE TRADE UHIONS HAVE RESPONDEO BY DRAI ING AtTENTIOK TO THE DRAMATIC REOUCliOH HICH HAS OCCURRED IN TNE NUMBERS OF Mil-HOURS lOST I STRIKES DURING THE tlRST HALF OF 1971 DESPITE THE FACT THAT REAL WAGES HAVE CONT INUED TO MOVE STEADlty DO lliIlARDI 4 IN ATTEMPTIIIG TO IDENTIfY THE 'VILLAINS· HOIltY£R IT IS LIMITED OFFICIAL USE --- --- --'--'--7- - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 --- - - - -- ------ -- -- ' Doc No C06417025 Date 10 11 2017 86 86 co 641 70 2 5 IE rU S Department of St ie c'as -N'o72016- -o7743- Doc No C0641702S Date' 10 11 2017 Departlne ll GOPY IlEIBOtl 01919 PAGE 91 ACT I ON t 1 1 INfO ocr-SI ES-SI Iso-ga 02 or 199 93 MHBOU SI319 oa0320Z u ------------------996821 or TELEGRAM 92 OF OJ J 8nnCl S HltE THE ARBITRATlOII COMMISSIOIl HAS COllSISlENlLY OUND THE MUCH lAUGHED IRADE UNIOII MOVEII T TO BE IH -SUBSTANTIAL COMPti At CE IIIIH ITS IIAGE Gill OEU tiES I T SHOULD 1I0T BE 0 I FF I CUL T TO UHDERSTAIID IIHY LARGE NUHBERS OF AUSTRAL IAll TRADE UI lON LEADERS CPEl IES AS l AS IillITANTSNATURALLY DISSATISFIED IIITH eEelllllNG REAt IIAGES AT A TItlE OF INCREASING PRICES HAVE RESORTED TO STRIKES ANO OTHER OIRreT ACTlOll IN EFFORTS TO GET BETTER DEALS FOR THI I R IIl IIBERS THAll TKE FRASER Gon nE ARBITRATItHl conHISSION OR THE EJIl LOY£RS HAVE 8E£l1 IIltllNG DR ABLE TO PERIlIY all GRAN I FOR EXAHPLE THE COOtlTRY'S 2 HOST SERIOUS AND DISlUPTlV£ STRIKES SO FAR IN 1911-THE TRANSPORT IIDRKERS STRIKE HI VICTORIA IN APRIL AIIO THE AIR CONTROtlERS STRI E III MY BOTI OF lIlIlCH ERE PARTIAllY SUCCESSFULI-VERE CAll O PRI1tAR1LY III SIIPPORT Of lOIlG-PENDlnG LOGS or eLAltlS AIID NOT PRIMARILY BECAUSE SOI1E OF THE TRADE UIIIOII LEADERS IIIVOlVED IlERE INTENT OK DISRUPTlNii THE NATlOI Al £CONOHY 9ss324Z 15$ R 91D7151 SEP 11 FIl MCONSUL MELBOURNE TO SECSTATE IIASHOC a61 INFO AHEHBASSY CAHBERRA WillED OHICIAL USE SECTION 7 Of State 1 flElBOURNE 1m DISSENT CHAIIIIEl 3 IIl L BOURIIE 186S A SUBJECT IKDUSTRIAL UNREST III AUSTRAliA HAT ARE TKE PRIMARY nOTlVAT IH'G rORCESl 1 DESPITE THE PUBLICITY IlIICK HllilANT UFT-III1IG TRADE UNion LEADERS ARE CONSTANTLY RECEIVIIIG ON IHE FRONT AlID EDITORIAL PAGES OF AUSTRALIA IIEIISPAPERS AND 011 RADIO AND TV HE sCASTS IY NEWERTHElESS BECOMES OBVIOUS IIHEN OKE LOOKS BEHIND THE HEADLINES THAT THE PRIMARY HOTIVATING FORCES HICH UIIOERlIE INDUSTRIAL DISPUTES IN AUSTRALIA AT THE PRESENT TIME ARE HOT IDEOLOGICAL OR POlIliCAl IN NATTURE-THEY ARE CHARl Y SOCIAL AtlD COIIOIlIC 7 TO EXPRESS THE SAME POIHT Ifl DIHEREIIT 1I0ROS IF IIIL ITPJlT LEFTIIING TRADE UIIION LEADERS 1M AUSTRALIA IlERE HAVING TO RELY PRIHARILY OR LARGEL Y OK I DEOLOG I CAL OR POLITI CAL I SUES TO GET THE I R hEH8ERS to SUPPORT STRIKES BAliS AHD OTnER fORlt5 or DIR CT IHDUSTRIAl ACTIOn THEY 1I0ULO tURRENTlY BE ENJOYING DRA ATlt LLY LESS SUCC SS THAN THEY HAVE IN fACT BEEN EHJOYING 6 THE PURPOSE or THIS REPORT IS HOT TO DlsnlSS THE fACT THAT IIILHAJIT TRADE UIIION LEADERS ElllST IN AUSTRALIA IIHO HAVE COllSCIOUSlY INSTIGATED SERIOUSLY DISRUPTIVE STRIKES BANS AriD OTHER DIRECT I DUSTRIAL ACTION IN EfFORTS II ACHIEVE IDEOLOGICAL OR POLITICAl GOALS THE PURPOSE IS To POINT OUt THAT THE ISSUES HltH UNDERLIE THE GfiEAT MAJORITY or InDUSTRIAL OISPUfES IN AUSTRAliA TODAY ARt IlIAT lIE IN THE UNITED STATES lIOULD CLASSIFY AS BREAD AHO BUTTER ISSUES AllD TO SUGGEST THAT MANY MORE TRADE UHION CLAIIIS AlID DEMAIIDS ARE JUSTIFIEO 011 THEIR INDIVIDUAL MERITS THAN OIiE VOULD GOllClUDE fROM RElYING 011 THE MEIlIA SERVICES IlIICH 'ALL-TOO-OFTEN AUTOMATICAllY BRAND DISRUPTIWE TRADE UHIO ACTIOnS IBUT RARELY EtIl'LOYER ACTlOIIS • AS GREEDY· OR ·IRRE POHSIBl 3 THE SASIC PROBLEn APPEARS TO BE THAT AUSTRALIANS ACROSS VIRTUALLY THE ENTIRE POLITICAL SPECIRUH HAVE DISCOVER£D THAT THEY ARE IN SERIOUS DISAGREEHENT III TH EACK OTHER ABOUT THE HAIINER IN IlIICH THEIR POLITICAL ECDNOI1IC MID IfIDUSIRIAL RELATIOfIS SYSTEnS HAVE SEEN CUTTING UP THE NATIONAL COIIOHIC PIE THIS BEING IHE CASt HARD-PRESSED EMPLOYERS STROtlGL Y SUPPORTED BY AN OU1SPDKENLY PARTISAN COHSERVATIVE GOVT HAVE SPENT THE PAST 18 MONTHS PLAYING ·SNAlCKBACK IIITH REAL IIAtES IN THE ARBITRATION COMHISSION AND THE TRADE UIIIOII hOVEHEHT HAS BEEII COlltENTRATIIIG ITS EFFORTS ON MAINTAINING THE APPROXIMATELY 19 010 INCREASE IN REAL IIAGES IIIIICH IT IIOH IN 19H IlIILE so FAR GIVING RELATIVELY LITTlE CONSIDERATlOIl TO AODITIOIIAL INCREASES BASED ON AN EMPLOYER'S PRODUCTIVITY OR HIS ABILITY TO PAY 4 SACKGROUIID'INfORHATtOH IH 19H-A YEAR OF UHPRECEDEtlTEO POST WORLD WAR It STRIKE ACTIVITY-MONEY IIAGES III AUSTRALIA INCREASED BY APPROXIMATELY 16 010 IlIICK HEAlII THAT IIITH 16 DID INFlATION REAL IIAGES INCREASED BY Ie 0 01 IN APRil 1975 THE ARBITRATION COMHISS 1011 BEGAII TO II1PL EHEHT QUARTEFL Y CP I-BASED IIAGE I NOEXATI ON AS A MEANS OF COIIlROLUIIG HOllEY IIAGE ItICREASES BY UNDERTJU ING TO PROTECT REAL lAGES AGAIIiST lurlATION DURING THE HOVE-ore 197 FEDERAL £LECHO THE COAlITlION PROMISED TO RESPECT lAGE I DHAT ION EARL Y 1111 IS76 HOIlEVER THE FRASER GOVT REHEGED ON THIS O ITtI£HT AND EnBARXED UPON AN ANTI-INFLATIOIIARY CAIIPAIGH IN HlltH IT ATTEIIPT£O TO CONVERT THE IIAGE INOEllATI K SYSTEn IIITO A DEVICE FOR REDUCIIIG-IIOT HAIIITAIHG-REAL IIAGES THE PRESIDENT Of THE ARBITRAtiOn CIlI1MISSION SIR JOHN noORE GAVE AN INDICATION Of IHE SUCCESS THE fRASER GOVT HAS ACHIEVEEO IN THIS CAtIl'AIGN IIlEH liE REVEAL ED I HIS AUG 12 IIAGE DECISION fOR THE SEconD QUARlER or 1977 THAT THE CP I HAD KCR£ASED BY 13 8 0 0 IN THE YEAR SINCE THE JUNE 1916 QUARJER IIHEREAS AVERRGE ErKl YEARNINGS SEASONALLY ADJUSTEDI PER EHPLOY£D lALE UNIT HAD IHCREASED BY ONLY U S 0 0 ------- LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ------ --- -- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State -- ------- ase -- --- ------ ------ - -- '- '--'- -'- No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417025 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 025 IED u s Department of State GOPY PAGE 81 ACTION IUfO OCT·SI Elacu 81929 ES·SI Iso·sa Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417025 Date 10 11 2017 Department o f State 83 OF Sl SlOS HUIJ9Z SH4 1 ·····----·········OJlS m 2891HZ 162 R BHI1ISZ SEP 17 FM ANCOllSUl Mtl BOURNE TO SECSTATE VASHDC 4868 InFO AII£IISASSV CANBERRA ElSOU 81 29 TELEGRAM B3 Of D3 880139Z HEN AND IF THE feDERAL GOVT ATTEHPTS TO IHPLEnE IT ITS RECEUTL YtNACTEO INDUSTRIAL LEGISlRTION AND AFTER THE neTU HAS HELD lTS BIE IHIAt COIIGRESS SCHEDULED FOR SEPT 12-15 III SYDNEY BRAND LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SECTION 3 Of 3 nHOOURN 1919 DISSENT CHAlIllEL 4 HEl80URIlE ISBa A SUBJECT INDUSTRIAL UlIREST IN AUSTRALIA HOSPeCTS fOR TKE fUTURE I H THE PRESENT TINE BOTH SIDES IN THE CONTINUING INDUSTRIAL IONS conFRONTATION III US'RRlIA·THE NOIHABOR GOVT AND lHE EMPLOYERS Olt OUE SIDE Aile THE TRADE UHIOHS ON THE OTHER·POSSESS 5UFflCIEHT POIlU AND COMPelLING ItlCENtiVES TO BR UG ABOUT EITHER INCREASES OR oECRESES IN THE COUIHRY'S LEVELS OF INDUSTRIAL OISPUTATlOII THI$ SWIG TKE CASE ELEnEIHS Ilf 80TH CAnpSllilL UnDOUBTEDLY REL T 8E MKING UFORTS OURIKG THE NEXT SEVERAL Hoims TO 00 OIIE OR ·THE OTHR DEPEnDING orl THEIR EST II1AtES OF IIHAT IIOULD BEST SERVE THEIR POLITICAL OR ECONOI1IC IllTERESTS IN PAiHlCULAR If THE FRASER lOVI IlERE TO DECIDE THAT AU ANTI-UHlorl IIHO GOVERNS AUSTRAlIM CAXl'AIGrI 1I0Ul HElP IT TO IIIN All EAlllY FEOERAL ElECTIOH THERE IS LimE DOUtiT THAT IT DUlO BARK UPON SUCH A CAMPAIGlI MAKIIIG FUll USE In THE PROCESS OF ITS HARSH RECElmY·En CTED InOUSTRIAL LEGISLATION AS A MEANS OF EVOIiIlIC ILLEGAL AIIDIOR DISRUPTIVE TRADE Unroll RESPOHSES BY THE SAME rOMEN IF LEFT-IIING TRADE UNION LEADERS litRE TO DECIDE THAT A HASSIVE CAMPAIGN or INDUSTRIAL ACTION WOULD HELP TO fRUSTRATE THE FRASER GOVl'S URAIHUri POLICIES THERE IS LITTLE DOUBr THAT HANY or T EI IroULO ASSOCIATE THEHSELVES 11TH COIlSERVATIOHlsrs AIID OTHER AnTI-URAl lUX GROUPS IN A VARIETY Of EHORTS TO PREVENT OR OISRupr THE MINING AUD SH IPHWI OR URANI un ORf 1 OUR ItIC THE PAST YEAR AIIO A HALF IIODEJiATE LEADERS Or BOTH SIDrs Of TaE ItlDUSTRIAL RELATlO JS FEliCE SUCH AS HillISTER OF EHPLCYH£IIT STREET AHD ACTU PRESIDENT HAIIKE HAVE ATTEMPTED III VARIOUS VAYS TO MINlnlZE INDUSTRIAL UIIREST AND TO EEP IT 10 THE EXTENT POSSIBLE IIITHI LEGAllY·PRESCRIBED CHAIIII£lS STREn HAS OOIIE THIS PRIMARILY BECAUSE UI L1KE sonE Or HIS cOllHGUrS IN THE CABII1ET HE BELIEVES THAT COiJClllATIOtl 15 PREFERABL£ TO CO IFROlnATlOIl EVEN IF IT MEAtiS r AKIUG OCCASIOIIAL COHCfSSJOnS TO YOUR ADVERSARIES MA1I iE HAS OOH£ IT PRIHARILY eECAUSE AS A SHREIID AlID AN61TIOll5 FGlI· TICIAII AS ll s A F f3 CtlSIEl r Uill 1l lEAni HE S 5 IHE ALP LO$IIIO IF IliDUSIRIAl IJ IRESI fROVIDES fRASE IIITH A GEttEVEAOLE PRETEXT FOR FIGHrHlG A FEDERAL ElECTICJI 011 THE ISSUES C L All MID ORDER·· On frlO GuV RtlS AUSTRALIA 3 GIVEN TH FOREGOING THE ELEMENTS IIlIICK ARE HOST LIKElY TO INCREASE IUOUSTRIAt OISPUTATIOII IN THE MONTHS AHEAD AIlE HILIlAlITS ON BOTH THE RIGNT AND LEFT HO ILL DE SEEKING liAYS OF EXPlOlTllIG • INDUSTRIAL unREST fOR THEIR O lt HIGHLY PARTISAN POLITICAL ADVAUaGE THE fACTORS IIlIICH ARE HOST LIKELY TO DECREASE INDUSTRIAL OlSPUT4TIorl AIlE A THE KnOERATES au 80TH SIDES IIlIO PREFER COUCHIATION TO COH ROHTArJOIl AND 8 THE COIITIHUIIIG NATlOtllllDE 'STAGFLATlON IIlIICH IS IIAKING IT INCREASINGLY DIFfiCULT FOR EVEn THE I OST HIlITANT lEfl-lliNG UIJlOIi LEADERS TO GET THEIR I1Et BERS TO GO AtOlle IIITH INDUSTRIAL ACTIONS WICH THEY FEAR IIIG81 PLACE THEIR COIIOMte SECURITY IN JEOPARDY 4 IT IIlll BE POSSIBLE TO say SUBSTAI1TIAllY MORE on THIS SUBJECT LIMITED OFFICrAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417025 Date 10 11 2017 ------------------------------ n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431385 Date 11 13 2017 ' -PAGE 01 • • sTATE INFO •• 8 cijs 1e 4e3 DC 1 ONY 00 f ff Re s2iI' _ _ I 100 R OBAFT D_9Y e el WD Ep ORTE A P ROVED elf S IP HH ORO C JgoS t Ne •• UR WE1RB6RSOUR • c etR PND%STR%BUTtON SIP ONL V' s RELEASE IN PART 86 • ' 0i0 31i JuL e M ECeT# TEJ AS OC 'TD AMEMSASSY PARIS S I Cl R 'T' ie34ei ST TE DiS5 NT C ANNeL B6 E C ' iie i XGOS T Gsi It PFOR NATO • R _ a 14 I _ • • II SUeJa T i R $p tJNea TO JU SSEf'JT MES$AG 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4TO 8 L C THE PR 'E T AND •• lCTe NTt 'L ' %MP QRT A l TO U$ 'O j' THAT' GROUP _WH TH R DR OT ITI XSt'FR%INO V' R TtlER 'THAN -TO eIGNAL ' VAI UE· JuPtM NT' OB A P ROVAI OS tU8APPBOVAI ' ON OUR 'PART· IW tiEB P'OR HAY SQ RESte ANCE '10 YOUB sU GeSrloN T A ··XNCRIAS e OfLREDUCTlON5 IN OUR caNTACT' ie uS Q 'AS 'T VEH O ' TO I PRESS OUR 'RI SPQNSE TO'SOCIALIST-·POL le c • c _ le3 83' PAG 1114 M TT 8RANQ As NawR 30 ' A TKRMHts V% ITITO WAiHi GTgN 'TO 'THINK TtiAT H - 8 ATTRACT%ve '10 US HE K O S 'THAT' W C N' T TeUST H% COMMU xeT' AI I 1 EI 'OR I K l Ii A 'l AN E W TH TH N YERTH ESS B flIRS STa ' N ITM I 1 '''' STAT - wii8 0EMoQRATic NDN COMMUNief oppoeitioN OR9gS' A lANC P8 SUMAS ' CAU$ t a % ¥ S 'TH T %N p ee NT·i 3T1 tT ' CI T'R NCH POLaT C8i 11··OftF ER THE @CLA s'FiEjD' ·U S 6 p rt' er r fSt t 'C -s-e NO 'F-2016-077'4'3 Doc No TH I CO 131385 Date 11 13 2017 -- __ 2016-07743 Doc No C06431385 Date 11 13 2017 CLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat Case No FUN • __ ' 11II11io 10 4015 Z Xl CI ' SEeR T UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State GClse N F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431385 Date 11 13 2017 o UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472742 Date 01 11 2018 - • I t ' ' SECRE EJE9IS- • C asll ficati on IRELEASE IN FULLI INDICATE DeoL- e cT D eHA Gtt TO OISTRISUTION ACTION - Amembas s y NEW DEUII I NO DISTRIBUTION OUTSIDE DEPAR'n'£NT ·FROH THE SECRETARY REFERENCE SUBJECT H w Delhi 19255 Policy Recommendations on South Asian Crisis ·contained in REFTEL ' I have read your message uith interes t and have asked S PC to corr®ent on it after consultation with other appropriate offices I have also asked the Open Forum Panel to give me its comments ' END J I S PC MHartman etary sIs Sr eRE'f E1GlIS FORM 0$ 322 4·68 -- ---_ - - - -----_ _-- Classification _____________t_ - _ ---'-_-- - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472742 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 -- ----- ----- ----- - --- - _ - -- -- - _-- _--- --_ _ _----_ __ _ _----- - --- IRELEASE IN PART DEP AR1 l1 ST Of ST I TE 186 H@ MlM OO e ' 'RA r UR FE Nt A CU Ir JR E p 10 RS R' Original 10 DC Filed in Deccntroli ed F ilcis UNCLASSIFIED I Fao I Ale COM Ra I-Aa TAR TR XIoIB 'IR ARMY 'AVV o SD l oJ CIA I TO rnmt Amemb sy TAGS SUIlJ sent I Info PAZ 71 ' '0 t 't'I 1 •• iUA ' I II ' ' oJ 'I I I 11 ' i 1 i '- t ' ' ·d of t ftC 'l'ml BL DATE January 10 1978 'i in Channel' l I transmits a paper titled U S COCllllodity Policy The - Case of Tin lritten by Regional Resources Attache l The paper e a nines the situation il the international tin mark3t and U S tin policy and offers some recommendations for change This patler represents the Viet'ls of the author and in no ay l eflects the opinions oi U S Embassy La Paz on this issue nor any ol har of its p rsonnel i 86 U S Commodity Policy The Case of Tin Each mineral has its special characr eristics of location use production and r rketing In the case of tin location is l ited primarily to Southeast Asia and Bolivia It is a rather rare element of high cost and has important and useful characteristics as a metal Tin is hard to concentrate and mill recovery rates at least in Bolivia often do not exceed fifty per cent However there is one thing eSllecially unique to tin in its marketing situation that is a U S s ategic stock ile containing over 200 000 long tons Also the USG is a member of the International Tin Agreem ent The 'only internuticnal miner agreement to t·rhich 'tie belong o P T ROUTING Aclion LA itJ i §IlU SUGGESTeO OISTRIBUTION TO A-5 r This airgram I NO Depa -tment of State I USIA 'SA Ol-INC·INOICATOR R O 11652 IICR FILE DESIGNATION Initiolo Mal 0 OCM POIS CON CONS ADM AID Tne U s is greatly dependent on tin imports for its supply There is no important tin production in the U S although there is potential for production from resocrces in Alaski We import about 85% of our needs in tin tith the remainder coming mainly iroD secon Iary recovery The only important sources of net-1 tin are Soctheast Asia and Bolivia USIS FILE Action T en m CLASSIFIED DDI -In-II-Io-Io- --------I _R5 OS ·323 POL ECOt'I bi fl • o Oul -----r r r 'I'I5t- ' i' _ _- ' ' r T' ' r _ _ b y '- Drafted If Clearcn C Da For Deae lm nl U•• 86 - C' · • •• D' ·r nvp' I r eJ I D %tll 'I I_o U ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 - -- _ to - IMPEDIMENTS - 'I - Malaysia Tin producers in Malaysia must pay a 27% a v export tax a 5% a v development tax a 5-15% profits tax and personal or corporate incb e taxes up to 30% Additionally state governments have restricted the reissuance of old mine leases and the issuance of new mine leases in order to limi t new inves tUlent to e thmlfc' Malays and state c ntrolled corporations As a onsequence tin production in Malaysia has fallem by 26% in the 'past five years despite the do g of the ITe floor pric e and the tripling of the' mrm ket price -- Thailand The Thai mining stry must pay ·27% a v royalty a1 ld an eff cti 6% a v business tax in addition to a 35% %JOrate tax rate Additionally the RTG has beenunwilling or unable to provide adequate securi in the tin mining areas and increasingly the RTmhas insisted on participating in new ventures a consequence tin production has stagnated since 19 2 -- Bolivia The industry pay ad valor'em royalty and export taxes totalling 46% Adafttionally the GOB has excluded mining in 71% of its total land area or- 4_ -- - -' 4- J sis ' - t77 - --- ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 r- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 m CLt SSIFIED Page 2 La Paz 11 -5 Tin is a scarce resource Its crustal abundance is 005% Host geolozists who knot 1 till and its limited lJ orldt-7ide occurrences believe that it l ill be an increasingly scarce resource Large lot srade depo its are fel·7 and virtually all of these have netal1urgical problems that prevent there being considered resources at all Large high grade deposits are a ching of the past Peter Rich has predicted Tin Symp ium La Paz Nov 1977 that the free world will continue to experience shortages of tin reaching 53 000 mecric tons annually by 1986 and 162 000 metric tons annually by 2006 His thesis is that tin l'1ill cease to be a tonnage commOdity over the next 20 to 30 years Supplies will simply not he a ailable even at high prices for large users such as the canning industry he U S has very limited tin reserves and resources and 10rld supplies compared to l-1orld demand appear inadequa te I I' I Tin consumption in the U S has risen more in 1976 and 1977 than the recent historical trend of 1 to 2% This is because reduction of tin usage 11 5 reached lit lits in tinning of steel Cl 1ns and has ev n begun to recover some markets lost previously to aluminum ane plastics Further tin has fast gro ·dng ne - ses in the chemical' ind stry Tin compounds used in insecticines do not have en iron­ mental contamination problems that'compounds of other cinerals have Tin usage in so14 r especially in the electric industry benefits • from net technology l'7hich should ensure continued Uge of lead-tin alloys ' he automotive industry ill show a drop in tin usage to the extent change over to alumi num radiators is adopted This is offset someHhat by grot·Ting use of the calcium-lead-tin bat tery _ I The U S strategic stockpile of tin has at times'been a political and an economic burden It has great potential to be a blessing or to cause mischief The 200 000 long tons'of tin held by GSA is in value terms its tost important c01ilI 1odity ThiS tin l'las purchased after l' orld t ar II and the Korean Nar at l'1hat producers term coopera tive prices of about $1 00 per pound £urrent prices are about $6 00 per pound Our GSA tin stockpile is a rapidly appreciating asset which lul continue to appreciate Since the eail y 1960' s -lenave sold tin from our stockpile because He had accutr Ula·ted too much Keeping all this unnecessary tin it is argued is a burden on the ta·xpayers Ther has beer a general 1or1d shortage of tin for about fifteen years and GSA sales have nlade up the shortfall The price of tin 70uld have been higher without these sales even though con- Gumption has grCltolQ slowly Thus new production was discouraged GSA oversold tin in late 1973 a d in 197 4 as 43 000 metric tons Here sold or over 20r of free l-7odd su ply even though -consumption had been gro ling at only l-2X per annum This 7as fol lot·led by l'7orld recession in 1975 • Tin overhang on the market combined ·lith reduced demand result2d· in a disastrous year for tin In late 1976 and all of 1977 there 'VIas no new congressional lluthorization for sale of GSA tin because of a disagreement over stockpile policy beb'leen the White HO lSe and Congress Prices rose from under $3 to $6 per pound' a refler-don of the gap between 'Vlorld production and orld consumption UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 - - --- UNCLASSIFIED P age 3 La Paz A- 5 and' evidence of hat auld have happened years earlier 1ithout The major tin producers ·lalaysia nolivia Indon sia and Thailand are not only poor countries but are traditionally our friends and mining conditions ill these countries are usually abysmal' For them the GSA stockpile hangs like a sword of Damocles over an im ortant and scarce n t ral resource GSA sales I I ' I J t o Further our stockpile policy has been influenced by political forces such as the canning industry t-7ho are I ore interested in a short term 10t'1 tin price 'than in the long tenn health of the tin industry So sales have been made for commercial reasons in spite of protestations that GSA is a strategic and not an economic stockpile Our tin stockpile goal is also set at a far too 101'1 level for apparently political but indefensible reasons The strategic stoc1 pile is according to the Federal Preparedness Agency guidelines supposed to be sufficient to cover the first three years of a national emergencY In 1977 u s consumption of tin was 70 000 long tons of l07hich 55 600 long tons is' primary tin Yet surprisingly enough our stockpile goal is 32 400 metric tons or about 7 months supply Politically our tin policy as most visibly expressed in International Tin Council me tings has been costiy •• The U S delesation has consistently been the leader of consuming countr es opposing increases ' in the I'Ie buffer stock price range He have' 1rgued that prices have gone up too much and that eosts have not risen as much As explained above this ignores the low base from which tin started having been held low for y e rs by GSA s les Economic th ory te ls us that whep a good is scarce it rises in price until sufficient new production is called forth to establish equilibrium Until no this has not been allol07ed to happen in the tin industry The price of tin rose to astronomical heights in 1977 and continues to rise averaging over $5 50 per pound during the tt'lO months t hen this article l-laS toftitten The exact reaction from the marketplace one t'10u1d expect 'Iha reason is a· large gap bett·Teen Torid production and consumption and no authorization for GSA sales ·nlat has U S G reaction been We have taken the attitude that we should hang tough in the Inter tional Tin Council I'IC and resist the demands of bothersome developing countries o1ho constantly press to have the buffer stock price range raised This shous U S industry that SJtate Department officers are toueh negotiators not striped pants pansies and serves e think as a signal to producers of other commodities 'that '·Te 01ill not C 1ve in to every producer demand for more· money However our politico-economic reason for joining the ITC and later for offering to make 'a voluntary contribution to the buffer stock l'las to sho '7 evidence of good faith intentions in the overall context of ID-ICLl SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 ii mtCL SSIFIED i Page 4 La az A-S I economic con- l orth-South dialogue and our tdllingness to deal tl tl cerns of developing countries Instead we have been confrontational in ITC meetings to defend a policy not in our best l6n run economic interest _ ' I Summari zed belo '1 are the ma in points e have looked at regarding the international tin industry and U S tin policy I • • •• - Tin is a scarce 'o1orld resource and 'ole are dependent on imports - Trad tional as rell as new uses are gro ·dng t e have a large buffe stock which is appreciating rapidly in value but 'ole are se l ling it off 'J - oUr tin s tocl pile goal is too 10to1 - Confrontations in ITC meetings have· been damaging our credentials in- the North-South dialogue Tin production is lower than consumption and tin prices have on the average been too 10t'1 for about 15 years 1 _ Tin is scarce and current prices are high and rising in absence ' ' of GSA sales I' _ Consumers are suffering from current high prices yet ne l tin production is only slot ly being developed Recommendations If U • 5' tin policy is wrong then what sho uld be the basic elements of a neto1 policy There are t t ro main issues' of importance 1 the U S strategic stockpile and 2 U S positions in the ITC Fortunatp ly we have enough tin remaining in our stockpile to satisfy various in teres ts • The s1 ockpile goal is too 10'01 at 32 400 long tons and should be raised to the equivalent of three years consump-' tion of primary tin or 170 000 long tons based on 1977 consumption Beside the need for strategic purposes ·ie have already seen that tin is a scarce and appreciating resource The Carter Administration is cpmmitt3d to contributing about 4 000 lon tons to the ITC buffer stock as our share of the consumer contribution It is not a -gift the U S gets back the original value plus earnings if it 'withdrato1S from the · TC The remaining about 30 000 long tons in the stockpile snould be authorized by Congress for sale by GSA The sales should be done in consultation ·rith prdducer countries and the ITC Since after this authoriz tion we will have no more tin for sale to1e must do all· we can to stimu1e te neto1 investment in tin mining Tin sales by GSA should continu only as long as th tin p rice remains above $5 00 lb or alternatively t'1e could cotiUIlit ourselves to se l 10 000 long tons per year ana no more for three 'years in order to maximize predictability and stability in the 'tin market UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas'a No F-2016 0'7743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 r ' _ _ - - - -- _- -·4 - - - ' 7-'- - PS CW - - _ '-_- 4 0 •••• I - ' UHCLASSIFIED - Page 5 La Paz A- 5 T avoid recurr ing battles in ·the lTC tole should giv t lore pot·rer to the Exe utive Secretariat of the ITC to set the p1jice range fOT buffer stock operations He should encourage use of econometric analyses to help in setting the price r 1nge He should initi 1te informal contact t-1ith producer r overnments prior' to ITC meeti ngs to allow for greater understanding of our position and 'h9pefully develop more reasonable producer expectations Further as a natt ar of policy regarding tin prices t'1e should be illing to' accept higher prices as a frank incentive for development of ne tin mines t-7hich tiill talte at least 'several years until there is some' approAimate balanc between free '1orld suppry and demand This means accepting higher price ranges in the ITC Unfortunately past experience and all analysis of' tin producer country situations tells us that the above measures lill not be enough due to structural problems in individual countries Tin investment is already responding somet-1hat to higher prices but it is not enough More ne -l investment in tin mining can be encouraged through priority treatmsnt by the Overseas Pdvate Investr lent Corp OPIC and the ·Export-· Import Bank EXIH OPIC Board Opic has already received directives to increase financing and insurance of mining projects in LDC's Tin should be ·a primary targ t OFIC insurance ·lill help to overcome fears of olitical instability in tin producing LDC's US capital will be attracted to tin mining because of high prices Exiobank can make credits available for the export of the latest US mining machinery and equipment In most cases US capital ·10uld be advised to -s o­ c iate itself -lith local public or pdvate capital For their part tin pt oducers 'lill benefit from greater employment tax inceme and foreign exchange earnings Finally the U S should go frankly and openly on the record as favoring these steps as demonstration of our ability to seek cooperative and mutually beneficial solutions to common problems He should state that if in future years a tin surplus t-lere to develop t'le t-lould expect that tin prices by means of lOl'lering the ITC buffer stock price ranges 07ould be held to a 'lower level as a disincentive to nat'1 producti ln in order to restot e balance just as we are nOt'l prepared to raise prices to re$torc balance in the market ' 1 i I j trrICLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446279 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473821 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 o J n f GO' r ' 1 - T t· N J r ' ' i ' i f FOR M DS 322 O CR I • I CONFIDENTIAL OFP LLOWENSTEIN J8 EXT 23852 S P BSWIERS 07 0511 USIA fOR IAA ONLY INfO j PRETOR A PRIORITY DISSENT CHANNEL PBS I TAGS OEXC SF SUBJECT REfS DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE fROM '----------' CAO A PRETORIA 2857 iB PRETORIA 2911 - 2 OfP HAS BEEN STUDYING OVERALL U S POLICY TOWARD SOUTHERN AfRICA IN LIGHT Of RECENT DEVELOPMENTS IN PORTUGAL ' ' AND ELSEWHERE· ACTION ON REFTEL A DELAYED BY SHORT WEEK BUT BEING GIVEN PRIORITY ATTENTION ACTION OFfICER IS fWILLARD A DE PREE SIP Ii GDS - I DECONTROL 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of DISSENT CHANNEL I MESSAGE REFTEL A AND AMBASSADOR'S 'COMMENTS REf TEL B 1 • L ·Y Eo O 11652 GDS ' YY C Nf ·IDENTI L I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473821 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476057 Date 01 11 2018 PAGE 0 ORIGIN SP-02 STATE INFO ADS-OO 098455 9887 IRELEASE IN PART 86 OCT-OO EJ-Ol IU03 R DRAFTED BY SIP EO' DONNEll AG APPRO VE 0 BY SIP PWO L f 0WI TZ SIP EDOUGLAS S OF GDRAGNIGH I --·- --------------0'35661 I 170512Z 116 'R 171130'0Z APR' 81 'FM SECSTATE 'WASHOe TO AMEMBASSY RANGOON I I ee F I 9 E N T I A STATE 098455 0 I SSENT CHANNEL FOR -I_ _ _ _--- JI FROM SIP PAUL IVOLfOWI TZ E O 12065 GDS 4 15 86 WOlfOWITZ PAUll ' TAG S N A SUBJECT YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEl' MESSAGE REFERENCES 1 Al RANGOON 11965 BJ STATE 057781 S9NFI9ENTIAl - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU fOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEl MESSAGE WE HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE COUNSE OR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR EA T ASIAN AND PACIfiC AFfAIR THE EXECOTIVE SECRETARY Of T E DEPARTMENT AND THE CHAIRMAN' OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM MARK MINT ON POLICY PLANNING STAFf MEMBER WILL COORDINATE A SU8STkNTIVE REPLY ' 3 COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL HAIG 6BNFIBENTIAt ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476057 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 6416944 IED - ------ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416944 Date 10 11 2017 -- - - -- - - - --- - - - - -- it - ·oJ i IAVE ii JESI b - 1 2 Yi ' SAir 77 CO ·lF I DI K'f AT COL f 111 'I I P 1 I P 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STATE 087800 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N ·A PD P ' 1 S SUBJECT REF DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SAN SAL VADOR 1732 FORIL ______________ I FROM ANTHONY LAKE 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE THE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON THE SCENARIO OF AMBASSADORIAL CHANGE GRANVILLE AUSTIN HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES yOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES 'OF THE SECRETARY THE E XE CUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN 'OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE OEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR LATIN AMERICAN AFFAIRS THE DIRECTOR GENERAL OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE AND THE COORDINATOR FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REP Y AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIE WS YOu HAVE SUBMITTED VANCE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431686 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472084 Date 01 11 2018 ---------- • I • IRELEASE IN FULL pepart nt of·State I TELEGRAM I 1 PAGE 01 204 BERLIN 51251Z 52 ACTION EUR 2 ' rN O CIAE 00 OCT 01 D9DF 00 PM 8 rNR 0c J RSC 0 I R 01 NSC -10 GAC 01 NEAuICil' SAL-01' ' SS-14 'MBF '03 _ _ _·d L 03 u __ USt A - 2 'E8 i FAA 0 o W O _ _ NS 0 iODI 2 I CD A ISI R - - 1 114 I i2p ia R 2512 0Z NOV 7 iN USNlSSIO BERLIN· ' TO ArEMRASSY BONN ' INFO ECS'TATE- W ASH'DC '101 7 4MEMSASS y LONDON 'AMEN8ASSy MOSCOW AMEM8ASSY PARIS USMrS ION C e NATO J NFl e 14 T I Ii t BERLI'N'2042 Po SUBJI rRGI LUFTHANSA AND BERLIN IX II L REF' I A RO N 5 0' ' BERU N '6 l I MISSION AGREES' THAy LUFr N'f lEGEL sTOP ON MOSCO RUN PRO VI DES ll EFUL METHOD OF MEEtNG FRG' POL r T r CAL NEEDs WHHC iT DAMAGING COMMERCiAL POSITrON OF ALl rED 'I' las CARRiERS AND HAS PREVIOUS y RECOMMENDED'THIS METHOD OF lNfR000CING THE GERM N AIRLINE INTO 8ERLIN AV A1TClN PICTuRE IB ERUt J 1637 FOR REASONS OUTLINED REF 8 WE BEL1EVE Ii PREFERAALE FOR GERMAN AIRCRAFT FLYING 'TO WEST AERL1N TO UTI IZE'CORRIDOR REGrME FL G T TO TE EL 8 NON-CORRIDOR RO TING WOULD MAKE rT MORE DIFFICULT TO ENSUR YFT ANSA USE OF CORRrOo s IN THE EVENT OF uAH R LUff rHANSA' I 3S' p RTICrpATtON' ROUTING OF THIS ONE S ERVJCE OUT SIDE 'THE CORRiDORS iOULD NOT HOWEVER UNDERCUT' 0UR L GAl P OST ION PRO'VTDED HANOOVER MOD LJTIE 'SJMJ AR TO SASI AUA FL I GIoITS wERE ·UT iLl leO f P • THOSE OEVELOPr D FOR 0 I ' 2 LUFr ANSA ENTRY INTO IGS EVEN IF LIMITED TO TWO FLIGHT ·wEEI I Y 'OR TO' LOW CEILING ON NUMBER OF PASSENjERS ' ' i •' -- t· ' II' ' '- - - - 11 • • ·-· --- '-- -- ·r · - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472084 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472084 Date 01 11 2018 -- ------------------------------------------ ------ J d o J ' Depart1lle1'lt Of State • -------------------------- r ------------ OtlF 1 t F bIT I' BEPLTN n2V 2 pAGE 02 125IZ WOl lD CONST I TUT PRFCr OUn I lr Tf I I e l j ·f r· F 0 I F'1 C UL T 1 ' R L L If TOR E SIS T P R UI· r HI ' I CRrASE IN LIMITS- '-v F R1 3- r HOWEVER TFGF ' STnPnVj 'R 15 ARR ANGc-D IT REi- '$ Y i r WEST t EPMANS WI L BF C JMF fN 5AGEO IN DISCU 1 A l' ARRncr EMENTS WITH TJ-IE G' JKo al wAP O FLIGHTS Or l FTi J ' A TO THF SOVIE'T UNION WOULD INVOLVE FlJRTHfR v · r t i inT · OF' GnR TERR r TORY U JDfR THE '£' c I RCUI' S TA C S Ie il'_ ' EXPErT TIiE Gf R HIS I ST UPON 'NEGOT I AT I iJNS 01 S 'i-j tN ' F'L H3pT JGIiTc AND f O T PRO A L Y fN THE F A f ·'C ' J •• t eROA FRG GOR UNOERS T AWn NG' ON A r p ' A TT 'R ' 1' ' hi ie r ' NF OENTIAL - - - --- ---- --- - -- - --- -- - ------ ------------ - - - --- ---- -- -- -- -- J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472084 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473416 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 ·I U flTED DfACJAl USE COpy 2-0F 15 COPIES TELEGRAM Department of State ' R 232119Z OCT H ZFf4 fM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMSASSY TAIPEI 820 6T CONTROL r' 6794Q LIMITED OffiCIAL USE STATE 233541 NOD IS 0 1 SSE NT CHM NEL E O 11652 NlA T 4GS OGrN SUBJCCT DISSENT MESSAGE ' AND THE GROC'S OPTr'JNS ST ATus A TAIPEI REf fOR 1 05297 ANOT rR REGAROI J 0 VIEW OF US-CHI A POLICY ITS INTERNATIONAL TAI r 1 A-195 I 86 T l1 S V ILL ACXNO'l LEOGE RE CE I PT JF RE rs 2 MR JAN KAL I CKI OF T' POll CV PLANNI '1G STAFF SIP HAS BEEN NA ED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE T THIS DISSENT MESSAGE 3 IN ACCOR04NCE TH THE STIPUlAT b DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR AIRGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCUL4TE TO T -IE OfFICES Of 'T lE SECRETARY THE EXECUl'IVE SECREHRY THE DIRECTOR Of THE POLICY PLANNING ST fF ANO THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORW ' PANEL ADDITIONAL COPIES ARf BEING SENT TO THE DEPUTY SECRETARY AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFA RS 4 1E WILL INGER SOlL REPLY AS PRO PTLY AS POSSIBLE TO YOUR CONCE 'S S P-OFP RfSMITH TAW 10 23 74 EXT 28790 S P P 8SWIERS I SIs' - UHLUERS S P JHKAlICKI NOT TO BE REPROD n' u '-ljIJ ' L Jceot lS-t HO T al ''''Q l t ' 'V' 1 TH E'AUT lQ 'ZATJON OF THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473416 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 09 12 2017 - ' •• • 'I ' ' f- t 'il RELEASE IN PART B61 01 1 -4 -i OJ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' KO 8679 PAGE 01 i1 of or REA835 29H'I 3Z' - 41 ACT 10 N S P I NrO OCT 1 R 290912Z MAY 74 FM AMEMBASSY BANGKOK TO SECSTATE ASHDC 3668 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE BANGKOK 8679 oj 07 i -4 r·' 004 W --------------------- 069916 l J S g11 DI SSE NT CHA NNEL i I EO 1 t 652 NA TAGS AORG EAID TH i I -i SUBJECT REORGANIZATION OF RED- USOM RELATIONSHIPS oj REF' STATE 107086 oj l 1 THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTING BY 86 -I 'i ' of c I e tl j •• '10 ' j l 0004 t 0004 tl 2 SUMMARY IN THE SPIRIT OF CO 1STRUCTIVE DISSENT lHICH ' E mm RSTAND IS ENCOURAGED '#HF N SUBSTANTIVE POLICY ISSUES ARE AT ST K 4E ARE TRANSMITTING HEREv ITH THE COLLECTIVE fIE' S OF' THE FOREGOING RED SfArF REGi R9HIG TH POLICY P'PLICATIO 'lS OF' PLo C NG U S PARTICIPATION IN RE GIO AL ACTIVITIES IN NINE COUNTRIES OF' SOlIfHEAST ASIA UNDER THE DIRECTION OF ONE OF THE SIX U S BILATERAL AID MISS- 0004 0 '-I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201 -07743 Doc No C 1-7980 108 Date 09 12 2017 __ J -_ _ _t _ - _ _ h - _ •• - - -- - - _ ' _ - • • - # LIMITED OFFICIAL USE' PAGE 02 SANGKO 08679 291033Z IONS OF THE REGION E G USOMITHAILA D THESE VIEIJJS ARE OFFERED ON THE PREStr PTION THAT DISCREET AND EFFECTIVE U S PARTICIPATION IN REGIONAL COOPERATION BY ASIANS IS STILL 111ITHIN U S FOREIGN PCl ICY INTERESTS IN THIS AREA IF THIS P·RESUMPTION IS CORRECT THEN a i WE FAIL TO SEE HOW SUCH INTERESTS CAN BE MAINTAINED UNDER THE ADM1N S Q TRAT VE ARRANGEME NT OUTLINE D IN PARA 2 REFTEL WE OF R THESE VIE'IlS ON THE BASIS OF OUR LONG COLLECTIVE ' - ' a f iS EXPERIE CE IN REGIONAL AND ALSO BILATERAL PROGRAMS IN ASIA AND OTHER REGIONS WE BELIEVE THESE OPINIONS ARE AN OBJECTIVE ASSESSr ENT SINCE MOST OF THE STAFF' SIGNING THIS CABLE WILL BE LEAVI N FOR NE1 ASSIGNEMENTS rJlTHIN THE NEXT HIELVE MONTHS IN GOOD CO SCIENCE t·lE FEEL 'COMPELLED TO POINT OUT OUR STRONG RESERVATIO S AND CONCERN THAT ' HAT ASIANS HAVE COME TO IDENTIFY AS SYt1PATHETIC u s • SUPPORT OF ASIAN REGIONALISM IS ABOUT TO BE COMPROMISSD l1NT ER T4r RUBRIC OF' ADMINISTRATIVE CONVENIENCE OR BlrfiEAUCRATIC EFFICIENCIES • IF WITHIN REVISED U S POLICY INtERESTS IT HAS BEEN DETERMINED THAT THE U S BE ST DIVOR CE ITSEL F FR OM A MEANI NGFUL ROLE IN StlPPORT I NG REGIONAL CObPERATION IN THIS AREA THEN OF' COURSE THE FOLLOtHNG VIE11lS HAVE NO BASIS THE VIE' sS EXPRESSED HERE DO NOT QUESTION THE DESIRABILITY OF RED AND USOM SHARING A SINGLE PHYSIC L LOCATION AND APPROPRIATE ADMINISTRATIVE SUPPORT FACILITIES WHICH MIGGHT PRODUCE FISCAL SAVINGS END SUMMARY 3 SINCE ITS INITIATION IN 1966 THE U S REGIONAL ECONOMIC DEVEL OPME NT OFF' CE FOR SOUTHEAST ASIA RED HA S BEE N OPERATED· BY A SMALL GROUP OF SIXTEEN OFF'lC RS 'WORKI G VIITH REGIONAL INSTITUTI SINCE TH IR P C PTION·IN NINE ASIAN NATIONS I-T HAS DEVELOPED 1 PROGRAMMING METHOJOLOGY tHTH A VIE TO GIVING ASIANS F'I ft L R'ESPONSIB ILITI£S IN PROGR 1 DISI HJ AND PROJECT OPERATIO S l ND BUILT INTO THE SE MONITORING AND EVALUATION TECHNIZUES TO BE CP RRIED Dll BY ASIAN RECIPIENTS-AS WELL AS BY THE USG AS ONE OF SEVERAL DONORS · TH I stRATEGY HAS ACCO PLISHED THE BASIC GOAL OF BUILDING ASIAN REGIONAL INSTITtJrrO -JS THIS AS DONE FOR THE MOST PART Du ING u s INVOLVEMENT I THE VIETNAM ' JAR A MAJO MODIF'I CATION OF' u s PARTIC IPATION IN ASIAN REGIONAL UNDERTAKINGS COULD AT THIS TIME CONV Y lH IMPRESSIOtl TO ASIANS THAT PERHAPS THE JHOLE U fi MOTIVATION WAS Bur A DIVERSIONARY MEAsmE WHILE WE WERE MILITARILY INVOLVED IN INDOCH- I I A v _ I U u ' o ' i I UNC A SIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 99 12 2017 - - _ - - - _ - •• ' - - - •• ' •• - - - _ _ _ _ - - - - _ _ - _ - _ _ _ - _ _ _ _ - _ • • u -' _ _ _ __ _ _ J t tl I j ' J wo' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 03 BANGKO 08679 291033Z ' MODIFICATION WE FIND THE PROPOSAL OUTLINED THERE INTERNALLY INCONSISTENT AND UNLIKELY TO PROVE 10RKABLE '''E DO NOT SEE HOI RED CAN CONTINtE AS A QTE SEPARATE OFFICE UNQTE ' nTH DISTINCT PROG A 't1S IN NINE COUNTRIES ' nHL AT THE SAME TIME HAVING ITS QTE DIRECTOR UNQTE REPORT TO THE DIRECTOR OF' THE BILATERAL A10 MI SSION TO THAILAND E ARE At ARE OF THE WORKI G ARRANGEMENTS WHICH HAVE BEEN DF VISED B T oJEEN AID'S REGIONAL AND BILATERAL PROGRAMS IN AFRICA AND CENTRAL AMERICA AND HAVE ALWAYS SCRUTINIZED RED'S STRUCTURE AND OPERATIOtlS lITH A VIEW TO DEVISI NG BETTER ALTER NAT IVE ARRA NGEME NT S IF SUCH SEEMED FEASIBLE HERE IN BANGKOK MOST EMBASSIES H VE EITHER A COUSELLOR OR FIRST SECRETARY IN CHARGE OF REGIONAL AFFAIRS THE USG 'HICH THROU3H RED HAS BEEN AT THE FOREFRONT IN FORMULATING MULTILATERAL REGIONAL UNOERT 4KINGS BOTH THROUGH INFORMAL NEETINGS OF SUCH OFFICER S AND I N I NTER NAT tONAL FOR UMS CO rJVE NED BY THE REGIONAL GR OUP I G WlTH WHI CH REO 01 OR KS NOI J CHOOSE TO DOW NGRADE ITS POS IT ION OF COUN- SELLOR OF EMSA SSY FOR REG IONAL AFFA IR S EL IMI ATE THE 1 NDEPENDE NCE a 3J AND IDENTTY OF THE OFnCE IT CREATED TO ASSIST RE'GIor AL UNDERTAK' INGS IN THIS AREA AND PLACE ITS REGIO AL PROGRAMS COVERING NINE COUNTRIES UNDER THE DIRECTION OF' ITS BILATERAL AI' MISSIms TO THAILAND IN OUR JUDGEME JT THE ASIAN AND DONOR CO MUN1TY INTERPRETATION GIVEN SUCH A MOVE CAN ON LY BE THAT THE u S IS NQI RELEGATING REGIONAL COO PERATION TO A MUCH LOWER PRIORITV 5 WE ARE ESPECIALLy CONCERNED OVER RED'S WORKING RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MEKONG COORDINATING COMMITTEE MCC AND THE T1sJENTV-NlNE NATIor s IHORKING ITH THIS REGIONAL GROUP TH lILAND'S·DOMINANCE WITHIN MEKONG BASIN AFFAIRS HAD LONG BEEN A SOURCE OF IRRITATION TO THE OTHER RI ARIAN STATES LATELY THIS SITUATION HAS BSEN AMELIORATED THROUGH THAI AND MCC INITIATIVES IF THE USG NO l Pt 1S ITS PARTICIPATION IN 1I1EKONG BASIN DEVELOPME 'JT PLANNI'1G UNDER THE AEGIS OF' THE DIRECTOR OF ITS BILATERAL AID MISS rON IN T-HAILAND tHI N 'THIS 1 HLL PROB 48LY BE VIEWED BY ALL RIPARIAN ST' t TES li S U ACCEPTANCE AND SU O T OF' THAI HEGEMONY IN MEKONG AFI AIRS THE CONCER N'HERE IS ESPECIALL Y NOT1J 10RTHY I oJ COflSIDSR I NG THA 11 1 0 0 RELATIONSHIPS THr LAO MH EXTREMELY SENSISTIVE IN ALWASV SEEMnlGLY EMERGING AS TH£ LOS R I THEIR DEALINGS IHTH THE THAI THE NE COAL IT IO J GOVERN11ENT I N LAOS ' lOtL PRO JAaLY PLACE FAR GREATER- SIGNIF' C l'tNC UPO J u P TIC ArIO J IN ME ONG AF'F'AIRS BEING HANDLED TH OUGH THE u s BILATERAL AID 1 11'35101-1 TO THAILAND THAN THE OTHER RIPARIANS Bur ALL ALONG ' HTH DON B tJATIONS CAN B • _ _ _ •• _ h _ _ _ •• r _ • _ ' ' - •• • - - - - - •• •• • - • • ' t _ - n - - -_ 0# • ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 09 12 2017 ' Oil - - ' • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 09 12 2017 ' _ ••••••• ri • • • • • • • • • • • • _ • _ _ J LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 04 291033Z r BANGKO 08679 EXPECTED TO SPECt1 AT AS TO TH UNDERLYING USG POLICY MOTIVES BEHtNJ SUCH A MOVE 1lTHIN OTHER ASIAN REGIONAL ORGANIZATI·ONS THE 'INTERPREATATION Of' THE INEGRATIO I OF THE U S REGIONAL OFFICE INTO THE U S 8IL TS AL lISSIO 1 TO THAILAND WILL RANGE FROfl1'DOUBTS CONCERNING mIDERSTOOD U S COWUH1ENTS TO ONGOING REGIONAL PROGRAMS ij1r J TO QUESTIONI G REGARDING THE EXPECTED COfJTINUING ROU OF THE USG IN REGIONAL ACTIVITIES t rr THINK IT UNLIKELY THAT ANY COOPERATINGCATION WILL BELIEVE T - AT THIS SUBORDINATION OF THE REGIONAL DIRSCTOR TO A BILATERAL DIR CTOR WAS PROM T D BY RELATIVELY S ALL FINANCIAL SAVINGS OR BI REAUCRATIC EFFICIENCIES BUT RATH1 T -t T IS IT IN FACT Ii i·iAJOii Ci ICY Si T JHICH VlILLCAUSi£ THEM TO R£THINK Tr EIR J1 N APPROACHES TO REGIONALISM 6 WE BEL £V THAT THE REORGANIZATIO l OUTLINED IN THE REFTEL SERVES 1EIT ER U S Nf TION L INTERESTS IN T - E REGlml NOR THE INl'F HEST'3 Of-THE ASIAN NATIONS CONCERNl3 D IE F3 LIEVE IT SHOULD BE TREATED AS A SUBST 4NTIVS CHANGE IN USG POLICY AND l S SUCH SUBJECTED TOT HE ·A NAL YSIS HICH IT DESERVE S MASl'ER S - _ - - - ' -''' •• -' _ OM' ' -- - - ' -- -_ - _- - _- --_ - - - -- • ' ·c 11' • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No · F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980108 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' t ' or UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445615 Date 12 11 2017 Po f '----'-' -- ---- - ---- - -- -_ -_ - --- _ - ' '' • DEPA'RTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 IRELEASE IN FULLI April 24 1974 MEMORANDUM CONPIDEN'fIAL To From sip - Mr sip - Subject Lewis Harry C Blaney Telegram on Youth responding to a dissent message CU which now has general responsibility for You th Affairs has sent the following telegram to sIp for approval Under current guidelines for Dissent sIp has action responsibility for items in this channel I have worked out short response with CU YSS on this which notes new review of Policy paper which was done up by the previous Special Assistant for Youth Jerry Inman At the same time telegram notes current views on youth and requests any further thoughts from dissenti g FSOs I recommend 'your approval of this interim message Approve___________ pisapprove -------- See me -------- Open Forum Panel Attachments 1 Outgoing telegram 2 3 Inr omiug dit $E'ltc oE'ssage Santo Domingo 2190 Youth Policy Paper December 12 1972 S P HCBlaney cb x21964 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C as e 'J f- 916-97743 Doc No C06445615 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445853 Date 12 11 2017 I LI A I N I'IAK I I - ' DEPARTM ENT OF STATE JiJ 6---- Washlneton D C 20520 -' COMFI I EN'f' IAL 14EMORANDUM December 10 1975 DISSENT CHANNEL To SIP - Mr Winston' Lord From SIP Subject Thomas P Thornt IDiss ent 86' L- _ _ _ _ _ _- ' I I has dissented Tab A from our terrorist policy She and others feel very strongly bout this and of course she is seeking to drive a further nail into Bill Macomber's coffin on the grounds that he mishandled the Khartoum incident The points she raises are very legitimate ones however there is·a very firm policy on this and the Secretary is hardly likely to budge Attached also Tab B is a proposed response to her forwarding along with it a memo written by Bob F arey S CCT that I had him put together His memo basically says what is to be said Your letter is designed to show that we did give it the college try and I did -- hence the long delay Alternatively Peter Lydon suggests a very short note from you forwarding Fearey's piece I would be delighted to do this my concern is that it looks too perfunctory We have to bear in mind incidentally that I lis a great believer in going public with Qissent material or anything else that she believes supports the cause of justice Her memo is sloppy and offensive in parts and it does not do her cause full justice She is technically wrong on the Bev Carter case as far as I can tell Perhaps we should discuss this when you return There is some smoke on the RAND issue but I have talked to all parties concerned and everybody is happy as a clam In view of that there isn't much else we can say On the other points as indicated above she is fighting a very determined City Hall Ultimately I believe that we should fo ward the whole package to S so that we can tell her with good conscience we have sent her views to the Secretary COtijPI DEU9 'IAL I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445853 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445853 Date 12 11 2017 -p COliPIDEU' PIAJ -2- I have only given you the letter in draft In fact there is still one detail that I have to check out with S CCT 1 thought you might have some leisure to read on the trip and form a general opinion We should probably discuss this further when you get back given th touchy nature of the problem and I lenthusiasm for' a good fight Life would of course e much easier if you took the easy way out and decided on a pro forma reply forwarding Fearey's memo I cannot in good conscience recommend that however Attachments IDissent Paper on Dept r s Policies on Terrorism Tab B - Proposed response nd memo from Robert Fearey Tab A - I S p TPThornton vb x21744 COIiPI BElti'f'IAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445853 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472747 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART -------------- --------- ---------- -- EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA ' -- l - - - - B 6 New Delhi OFFICIAL-INFORMAL COMFmEN'ffAL William I Cargo Esquire Director of Planning and Coordination Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear B111 Attached are some notes which I have made in the effort to get some Perspective on the South Asian Crisis and United States Policy II They may be of some interest to you at this particular time Sincerely 86 Enclosures as stated CONFIDENTIAL _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472747 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472888 Date 01 11 2018 • OFFICIAL-INFORMAL CONFIDENTIAL ' DISSENT CHANNEL March 27 1973 IRegional I 86 Legal Advisor USAIO Mission Islamabad Pakistan Dear L I_ _ _- - - - ' This is to acknowledge receipt of your thought ful letter of March 31 1973 containing your dissent regarding US military supply policy in South Asia As you know we take great care to ensure that views submitted in the Dissent Channel are laid before the responsible officers of the Department for consideration When this procedure is cornp1ete we will respond substantively to your letter Sincerely yours t t I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff t illiam CONFIDENTIAL I Bci if s '''''''''''''''''''''''''''' SCm r ' 3 0P E C TIVE CI1 trR 11552 - AUTOiV'J A'rrC llY n · NG n n r 'J' 'I'l'J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472888 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445808 Date 12 11 2017 - t II ' ' REB I' iTAT -11S ' ii PAGE Il 3 I aRZG1tl INFO ac i zeo ei 18' 11 j IS R' • DR4 i D si s'e K • i C MHE D AjON' D iENt ti APPRDV O If 8 8LEWXS EA 'HAa 1 lZN DRAP Y ' ' i s c 6HUI L UN ORAFT ' 0 8' OF 'LVOON eG ll5z·jap 1rJ FM aICST T WAIHDe TD AMEMBA8aV BANGKOK e e' N P I D N Tli- Q Dies NT CHANNEL _ I it 4 t • « I fI • IT TE aia B c ' • '''''' b iaaai GDI PI'OR 8Ue CTl DXIIINT MESIAG REP SANGKDK 8814 PDR I____________________ ' THZS MEliAG CONCIRNi YOUR _ eOND aieisNT THE MMTTBR ap SUSPENSION a D L V RZES TO I AD8 a' rRa EUM PAPPUCTSAND RICI UNDIR TH U S 'M%L%TaRVAS8ZeT NCE 'ROGRAM a ' sfaTui a THE ' OG A T 'THis MPMEN1 is AS FQC owsi au eONaMlc AND HZLIT ftV AB8 'TA C RaG A 8 TO LA08 HAV BI N T MZN TED A D CON ftFes HAS PRaH%ltTED PURTHER AXD FOIII 'THI CUR ENT FZSCAI YIA _ PlUg 'ro JUNE_ ·ae paR RBAIONI DzeCU •• ED IN THI CORftI8p ONDENa _VOU REP'8RRED '1 0 AND 01H N COR8 IPDNDINCB AI· WII L _8UC AI YIINT ZANE 4 'e · THE DEPARTMENT APPROVED EMIA ey VIENTIANE'S RJCOMMEND TIDN -T T A PORTZON OP THI REMAINING PUNDS aE ualP TO 'F-INANe MA' I'Rb AND ICI paR A JULY ZNCI'IMe NT ONJ Y THIB' INCREMENT WOULD HAYE 811N PUL Y QBL%VIR D LONG- SINCE HAD' aaNPID NT A TAGSI I 86 w _ _ - -- - - - -- I I • I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445808 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473823 Date 01 11 2018 - - _-- _ _------------- _ _ _ _- ' - - - -•• - - - _ _ _ • __ • _ - 'b _ - - _ _ _ - -- - -- ----- fORM DS 322 OCR CONfIDENTIAL S P-OfP SVOGELGESANG EMS 7 8 74 X2-8790 S P PSIiIIERS USIA fOR IAA ONLY INFO I I j PRIORITY PRETORIA DISSENT CHANNEL PS SV E O 11652 GDS TAGS OEXC SF SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF A PRETORIA 2911 is PRETORIA 2857 2b63 iD PRETORIA 2787 O PRETORIA 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT yf DISSENT TELEGRAM 2857 OF JUNE 28 1974 SUBMITTED av _ I 2 MR WILLARD A DE PREE OF THE POLICY P ANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED OORDINATOR IN CH RGE OF SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE TO THIS DISSENT MESSAGE SIP I - 3 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES MR PRILLAMAN'S TELEGRAM HAS SEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE SECRETARY S OPEN fORUM PANEL ADDITIONAL COPIES ARE BEING SENT TO THE ASSISTANT- SECRETARY FOR AFRICAN 'FFAIRS THE ASSISTAN SECRETARY FOR EDUCATIONAL AND CULTURAL AFFAIRS THE DIRECTOR FOR THE OFFICE OF AFRICAN PROGRAMS hND THE ASSISTANT DIRECTOR FOR AFRICAN AFFAIRS AT USIA UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473823 Date 01 1112018 86' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473823 Date 01 11 2018 '- ' --- _---- -- - __ - --- ---- - - - - - - - ---- ' FORM DS 322A OCR CONfIDENTIAL 4 WE WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE CONCERNS EXPRESSED BY BOTH I Jyy I ' B6 ' A - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743-0oc No C06473823 Date 01 11 2018 · UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476058 Date 01 11 2018 Dr PARTMENT Of STATE Washlnl lon D C 20520 IRELEASE IN PART 861 January 27 1982 MEMORANDUM TO THE FILE SUB JECT Dissent Channel Message __ Icame into the office 9 81 Policy Planning Staff to review our response to his dissent channel - U S P olicy Toward vietnam and Kampuchea ' i1 S 1S Response attached - 'D '''-a _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476058 Date 01 11 2018 86 PAGE ·0 t ·S A TEl 10 836 66 O R GH · S I ' I-NF O· OCT 1015 R RELEASE IN PART B6 R O t ft Rf i·YIi 'W HYD IwK tl ' l i ' I 1 ' I ipPROVE6 BY S pt AHARtMAN PERisRS' GCOLWUM' i SUBST-ANCE ' M DG JMORTON ' - S PCfRRP r ER ON - R 122000Z JUN· 72 M SE sr tE' WAS DC TO AMEMBAS Y' GUAr ALA 088474 UNCLAS STATE i0 836 01 SSENT CHANNEL F'ROM ACT I NG ' I RECTOR si c REf ' GUA EM LA 26 ST TE 101 50 I' ·DEPT APpREC i ATEs Dr SSENTI NG vr EW' 'TO' SlT TE' POL' CY' SUSM rtT EO BY I I REGARo iNG EMPL OYE S WHO HAVEi 'MAR I ED 'F' lRE I·GN· NAT t ONA S WH I LE ' DEPT' 'RECOGN I Z69· THAT' SOME 'FORE I GN BORN' ·SPOUSES MP LOYEES 'AR£ REL AT1VEL y sE rE i ACQUAtN T'EDi wrT j LIIF EI N US'''TH N On E S - A D' r 8AT' SO E 'I EI _ _ I AiiE AL REAOY'··BEEN NATURAI J ZED EVERY EF' ORT'l' I S MADE ' TO' UPHOLD IFQ8M pp L'l C B· l L i ty· OF 3 F AM 629 I N r l s ·i o ALi ' F'F'ECT EO EM I OYE s ' WE CO NT I NUE' BEL I EVE THAT' R£GUI 'AR DEPARTMENT AL' ASS I GNMENT- 1S SEST' ME HOO' 'oF EXPOS i NG' FOR j N oRN S o rto' S B6 2' OF '11 ' tN iH i ' CONT EX i WE J I VE Nt lTEO ERRq ' N' ' S'IGNING' JTP MONROVl 'THIS' ASSIGNMENT' HAS BEEN BROKEN L r - N-F -A ·V O R-- - iOF A OEPA TMENTAL ASS lGNMEN r AS 'CST' AWARE FROM PRE V IOU S' 'i' EI - • 'f B6 B6 UNCLAS if l ·ED IAS j GN E f T 'DEPT f O R NEXT TO 0' 1 DU '•• ' JOHNSON ' B6 '----'---' • ' ' I • ' - to ' t · ·· -- I ' l • ' ' ' ' ' '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980039 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980055 Dat e 07 31 2017 - - - -' ' - ' V RELEASE IN FULL July 28 1972 Mr Alexander L Peaslee 1702 Burnley Avenue Charlottesville Virginia ci tfP J1 Dear Mr Peaslee the This will acknowledge receipt by Department of State of the Dissent Channel messages you trans mitted prior to your departure from Halifax These messages have been brought to the attention of Principal Officers of the Department and the Assistant secretaries for East Asian Affairs and European 1iffairs 1 s the Dissent Channel is intended for internal expression of views the LOU classific tion of these messages will be maintained beyond ugust 1 w Sincerely yours Signed William Cargo William Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff I' i i - r I I I NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980055 Date 07 31 2017 _ 1 ' ''t' ' r 0 ' ' f LIMITED ' ' • OFF CIAL USE 1 PA·Gt'il l · STAT El i 79972 ' o ' - • •• • • - • I • • - ' I·NFO I - ' 9 29Jl •• •• - 'EXT 22819 • ' 0 ' ' ' ' APPR'OVE'or BY' M DG ' WOHALL OG EM 'TRBYRNE S PC's RPe i ERSON S PC' WI'CARGO' 06 123064 R 031333Z OCT 72 FM SEtSTATE' AS D TO AMEM9ASSY MBABANE LlM'iTE 9 OFFlCIALI USE STATE' 179972 DISSENT HANNEL UBJl OBJECTION' TO 'EXClUS10N FROM R PRES NTATION' ELEClln FROM' DIRECTOR S PCi ' REF A-923S' 2·' MBAB NE· 1619' f ' ' ' WE' ·· PPRe C I 6 J E· YOUR' VI EWS CONCERN I NG BUT' REF' 'i RGRAM 'YOUR D'I Si NFR ANOHiI'S EME·N ON' AGREE'MENT OFjI AL ··P · R i ES' i STATEMENT WAS' BASE'DI 'ON · THE 'F ACT' THAT' ' E o 1 1636 CLE ARU ·EXCI JJi5£D '· ' ' OH IE S ·· OF MI-SSION ANDi·PRiNCip1lt i qF F'ltC·ERSVU i'DER lSEC fl0N · - ' ' 2t C JJ3 'ANO j EPUTY 'CHIEF$ OF M1SSI·ON JNDER SEC T'lONl 2 ciU 41· ···'THE ONC Y O I SCRE Tl ON AR 'T' AGREEMENT OF T HE· PART I ES' CONCE NED ' ' ' ' -_ - - pRfNC i P'Al ' ·A·DM'I·NisTRAT·I VE·-·'9F·j ' I CERS ¢OM j s i ON' fl '·AS JS1 NC · ' ' ' ADDE01 PR I NC'I PAL 'PERSONNEL OFFH ERS TO EXC UDEO' L 1 S1 't ROGERS' • ' l ••• • _ • ' ' l' FORM __ • I' • ' _ -' ' p • • •• • I • ' • __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980061 Date 07 31 2017 • ' ' ' IRELEASE IN FULL ' - OC r 0 1 ' 4 I' • ' ' 015 'R' ' ' - ' ' ' • ORAFTEO Bif' 'DG EH I WAO'V MANT I' AWS ' f' a t • ••• r ' 0 · ' OR·IG·If $S 1 51' ' - ' ' ' ' - d ' ' I I' I I i i I I r As an example of problems involving personal integ lt1 or job intesrity I offer the case of a u s Congress n using a U S Government leased airplane to visit a resort island off the coast of Honduras'without proper travel orders Use of the lensed airplane as nuthor1 ed at post only becnuse there did not sec to be other alternatives Problc that developed lnter hen tbe bill for the use of the airp1 lne vas analyzed were also resolved at post with the attitude that it had ' happened and the post must accept its responsibilities Another ex mple indicates that posts seem to be inti idated even by the corrcspo d nce frc U S Congrcssocn As an example a u s ·Senator oR lled Un t d States currency through the diplo atic pouc for the purchase of contrab nd ge astcnes the gemstones 'ere purchased by a U S Govcrn nt c loyce and returned to the Sen3tor t'hroush the diplo tic pouch This exs lQ is blatently illc3al vith currency carried by the diplorr3tic pouch and gccstones bains illegally iQ ortcd into the United States by-passing cust I would 'not think such misuse of the pouch is CCT on but nothing has changed from the vie point of the post to prevent nother Congress n from using the pouch for stollar personal profit ' I ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980099 Date 09 12 2017 U CLA SIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C1'7980099 Date 09 12 2017 ' t • ' 1t ' ' _ 'y ' '0 - ' '··I# I · -' ' ' '''I ''' r •• ' r J •• • ' ' ' ' - _ ' r -- · · ' 1 · · ' · ' • - ' ' ' _ # tt It ' •••• ·I 't t' I J f -- ' ' ' - - 1 -f •• 4 ••1 -' I v • • ' f·or ' --' J ' - • • 'J' J' I -i · l J M ·· ft it -fft· - - l ' · a r ·1 · · f 't'f V ' 'i ' lof i - • - i ' ·L'1 · - 2 ' 1 p- - - - - ·I ' ' -4 - t I • 4 1 'f - • - i - ' I ag8 r - · I t · · f ' tf -· • r l 'JIro - r-'''' i-' ' - ' i' t - ' t i• s 't ' 1 · ·J-- · ' f ••- I ' _ •• ' r · ' 1 •• ·f 4 ' t- ' ' ' ' ' r ' ' ' I ' rl r ''''''' I '' c ' ' 7 r r t - ' t '''' ''' ''' 3 '''''- ' ''' ' ·r · • • • ' ' •• •• ' r • ' # • ' I f e- ' f • ' ' •• • - lo • - • ' • • • • • ' 'tI ' - ' •• ' ' 'the mora COllGOll pro em frouting employeeo at pogt ' '1 11 not irr 01 YG - ofJl f legal questlon u but rather ctUest10ns of ethl or taste 1 refer i - pr1rlaril1 t the soliciting of' f le c ntonsbip far th· vilf1t ins t 2 ' ' - - ' ft1It _ t ff·· · t ' '- ' - - r t'_ 0 50-'- ' 00 f j 1 t J 1 1 ' 't I-r J e usmen or s a • - t - I - - t A •• '- • 'i ' t - ¢ - __ · ' ' ' •• ·40 r ll •• - ' f - ' •• J ' ' i · - t - · ·t · · - J J ' I - ·fr· · ·_ J t · f t Z fr i - · Uhat 1 havs deserfbed are inste ne·eI whlcb 1 'Jould find unethiCitl··Oi- ··· ' illegal All are requ1e ts mich I vO'Uld consider Q S mproP I o§ duct' • · 'r ·· ' by Bn elected member ot Congreu Dr for that atter anyone · I De ' '· • r- the proble as challenging the integrity of an escort of£1cer'or certi tug officer Who finds bimBelf in an undesirable position of a eeptance of status -quo and bUnd co npU ance vith t equests Even the meaning of r· • • • political servi e or tribute chan es here so that it does not apply to ' the situation My examples are given only provide backgroUnd 011 what ' type of problems could be directed at Foreign Service employees • The -'- ' impetUs for r ry request is that such things can happen and frOOl obser- ' vation are sometimes actually anticipated and accepted ' - ' ' - ' ' ' ' - - ' a t i seek_$ s a eport1ng f e h I _ p E wl tbi the Dep #tme t of d Slli_ 'b i Jt 3_1 Jl y'_ _ £1 l 1 ven t_ to Congressional re u _ t _ ll e made by the D p r_t l g nt_ t g t __ F n C by-·the· individual I'i ecept• I for use of such a reporting system should be mini al ' Th e-'ohjective is to let the Department of State assume the responsibility for those decisions which have been determined by someone close to the Situation' as having legal or ethical c lications The post at present does not have a uorking capability to question let alone refuse a Congressman's request It is not a cquate to perott one's supervisor or other person· to handle the proble unless the initial protest or query is properly Aanswered by the Departm nt of State ' 1 therefore request the Director 'of Planning and Coordination to propose official policy·to give the responsibility for decisIons related to the propriety of a Congres Sional request to the Department of State rather than the overseas post ' ' ' Yours truly to - r I I '1 -- ------ ----JI American Embassy Tegucigalpa ' ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980099 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta e Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980115 Date 09 12 2017 I @ ' DEPARTMENT OF STATE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON D C 20523 JUl 2 1974 RELEASE IN PART B61 sip - TO FROM SUBJECT r MEMORANDUM ' OFP - Ms ISa a vogelgesang Pah J Chairman ' ' ' U' SER IM - H E IHopkins Director Office of Personnel and Manpower I' ' ' ' - ' • • I ' w • lu t· llt o ' ' t ' ' ' ' ' Dissent Channel Message Yaounde 1876 dated 13 June 1974 from I ' I A I D Employee We regrer anY consternation or ill-feeling created by the references Cited in issent Message 86 86 A review was conducted by the A I D Office of Security into the Agency's compliance with AID Manual Order 414 6 Citizenship Requi rements and A I D Manual Order 448 2 Marriage of AID Employees which is a Uniform State AID USIA Regulation Security co siderations dictated a need to examine and verify Agency compliance Specifically compliance with AID Manual Order 414 6 Section V 2 c 1 which states IINormally an appointee who at time of appointment in AID Foreign Service is married to a naturalized citizen of the United States or a foreign national is not assigned for duty in the country of origin of the s pouse and compliance with AID Manual Order 448 2 3 FAM 629 section 629 1-lc which states nAn employee married to a national or former national of another country will normally not be assigned to the country of the spouse I s origip or former nationality should be verified To review each and every Foreign Service Reserve and Staff Officer's official personnel file in the Agency would be a very time consuming task Therefore it was d cided that it wouldbe'more expedient to req est each AID pes t to forward the' required information to AID Washington AID TO Circular A-207 attached was then sent to each post The ole' purpose of the airgr'am was to insure compliance with AID Manual Order 414 6 and 448 2 • 1 -___-- 1 is making several p ints in his Dissent Message 1 2 -86 • even though it is''a matter of record the subject employee and spouse re both U S citizens the ' present dissent is directed against the policy of requiring such tnfbrmation ll • Mr Fell is correct that the information required is a matter of record in his personnel file This is not n cessarily the Case for every employee Verification and updating of fficial personnel files are periodically required I On the face of it list-making of U S citizens who '-ar-e-- f'--o-r-eJ ··r-n--'-h-O-r-'n srackS of invidio ls discrimination ll • We would like to assure that the Agency is not making any lists It is '-------' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980115 Date 09 12 2017 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980115 Date 09 12 2017 - 2 - not now nor ever the Agency's intention to do this We are merely attempting to update verify and to insure the accuracy of data in the official personnel file Legal separation divorce deaths and marriages are reasons for changes in data that was originally received at time of appointment If the official personnel file verifies the data that we receive in response to AIDTO Circular A-207 and there is no conflict with the regulations this will be the end of the matter If there is a conflict with the regulations each case will be thorougnw examined and an objective decision rendered The MOrs cited do not dogmatically preclude assignment to country of spouse's origin 3 I Th e--r e qu est Iwantsmadetheinlegitimacy of AIDTO Circular A-207 investigated the airgram is strictly to assure compliance with 86 a Uniform State AID USIA Regulation M O 448 2 3FAM 629 Regulations are constantly being examined and reviewed The Office of Security and members of my staff are currently reviewing M O 414 6 and M O 448 2 to insure that the rights of the employee· and the security of the Agency are being protected However until a change is made AID has to comply with the regulations 4 I limPlieS in paragraph 5 of his Dissent Message that he understands the IIprinciple involved and that he recognizes IIpermissible distinctions in treatment of natural born U S citizens and naturalized citizens n The obvious reason for any distinction would not be to deny but to protect the rights of the employees his spouse and his children from any possible discrimination undue personal pressure or harm such as kidnapping or terrorist threat violation of onets rights due· to laws of foreign country such as not recognizing U S citizenship of spouse or children and to prevent as much as possible any conflict of interest or potential threat to U S security 86 We hope that the above is responsive tol IDissent Message Please 86 assure him that the informat on requested in no way reflects on the integrity or loyalty of himself or his spouse If I can be of any further assistance please do not hesitate to ca l upon me Attachment a s UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980115 Date 09 12 2017 co 641538 TIED - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415387 Date 10 11 2017 EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA RELEASE IN PART 86 Jidda Saudi Arabia February 22 1978 An e Esquire Director Policy Planning Staff Department of State Washington D C 20521 Dear Mr Lake I thank you for your considerate and thoughtful letter of February 15 1978 regarding my dissent views on terrori·sm Perhaps you will be interested in what motivated my action Basically it was because I was getting soundings at this post and elsewhere in the Service that there were suggestions being put forward that the u s should soften its policy on ransom prohibitions I felt that doing this would make a mockery of the deaths of a lost of friends in Khartoum and Beirut In any case please be assured that I never lost my faith in the belief that our country would do the right thing Basically I feel that when terrorists strike against the U S' it is a de facto declaration of war and requires a warlike reactio Of course there are legal and moral responsibilities towards other countries involved in either the locale of the act or the transport means The U S however is eq ally involved and stifling of such a'cts will occur when there will be no question of our determination to react quickly to such situations and continue the pursuit when the terrorists get away Your letter and the copy of the Secretary's timony are reassuring tes Sincerel 86 GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415387 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06 445708 Date 12 11 2017 Department of State TELEGRAM iRELEASE IN PART B6r CONFIDENTIA FAGE 01 STATE 147521 51 ORIGIN Eh' 06 INrO OCTu01 7§ SSA 4 DOO 00 PM 0 XSO 00 NSC B NSCE-00 E G03 PRS 01 SP502 NR 05' 5S0-00 'eIAEa00 NR 00 040 R O A'TED BY EA L IJDROSENTHALIDTM APPROVED y EA RHMILLER 'OOO ISAILTCOL KING DRAFT N WSTEARHAN SUBS AIOJMHUNTINGTON CDRAFT 5 51 o RKUCHe l 016532 R 232325Z JUN 75 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEHBASSY BANGKOK IMMEDIATE AMEMBASSY VIENTIANE IMMEDIATE I FD CINCPAC HONOLU U HI -rAGS MASS L A J8JECTg 118551 C BANGKOK 114'8 '86 AND B 10 ' t 'seNFI9ENTIAb UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445708 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445708 Date 12 11 2017 rUEG' M Department of Stdte C8NFIEliNTIAt PAGE 02 3i STAtE A7521 PROr URE'i1fNT PeP nr r 'l· r rN IC T£D PARA 3' AND -4 REP'-C' AUiHORUED n r 1 1'1 ·i R 'M' OZNG iHAT RICE COST- BAS f ' LJrON FO OE lVE-RIf f ' c H i ON 'iI US MEETING Al I 'RELATED caSTS FOR THESE'SHlPMENTSr - - I 4il FV CONGRESS HAS NOW PASSED A CONTINUING'RE50I UT7QN eRA' W CH HAS A PROVISl N f1ROHUHTING USE OF CR rV '16· 'FUNDS 'TO ROVlOE ASSISi ANCE - FOR l AOS'Q THIS 'RE 'iMPHASHES 'THE N C' S3IiY FOP -f-ME OBLXGA'fION OF flV 15 FUNOS p uo ''-0 ''i'HE ENO OF' THE nSCAL VEAR NO CClNTRAeT IS 'TO BE SIGNED WHiCH WILl IN ANY 'AAV INVOI Vf THE 061 XGATION OF '7fVFUNDS' T PRQVIDE ASSISTANCE FOR LAOS - n INGERSOLl t ' L I ''5 ' I eOfqFIeern x ' I ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445708 Date 12 11 2017 I ' -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471679 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 November 2 Status of I 972 land the review of 3 FAM 629 I I on November 2 and explained tha t I ca lled I was acting on behalf of Mr Cargo in seeking a status report on his dissent message I ladvised ·me to call Mr M ller in the Office of Employee Grievances l 1r Niller informed me that the matter has split into t o related issues 1 the status of ---l individual rievance and 2 a review of 3 FAM 629 As regards case Mr t-iiller has recommended to Mr Brewster that be reassigned overseas The case is under review in Brewster's office As this is now an ernployee grievance case I recommend that S PC dissent channel intervention be terminated L I_ _ _ _ The second issue that of review of 3 FAM 629 however is a policy issue and as suchE still the concern of·the S PC dissent channel The policy in 3 FAM 629 is currently under revie l in r 1jDG Mr l-1acomber has directed Amba sador Hall to pursue·a review of this policy and I have been informed that r view is currently being undertaken Bing Stemple UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471679 Date 01 11 2018 86 86 I 86 I 86 I 86 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472987 Date 01 11 2018 't 0' I • t- I -' •• •• 1 ' - t RELEASE IN PART 86 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT Memorandum i • Kr Rav- n dsI Sm Ith tha I rpe rson • S P-OFP ' TO - ' i I - 0 ' 0$4 Clll 0 ' 1 6 t bE -_ - ' _ - - ' o o ' '--____ _------'I DATE August 27 1974 B6 GSO Qu i to · f ' JSUBJECT Dissent Channe Letter ' ' 'REF State 184093 Quito 5375 t-' Enclosed please find copy of Dissent rannel Letter as sent on Feb 25 1974 from Tegucigalpa Honduras as requested Reply will be greatly appreciated as the subject is of con iderable importance to several 'employees working in the Administrative area • t · 1' · Gso I'-___ JI me I e B6 ' UNCLASSIFIED I 5010 '09 Bu ' U S Savings Bonds Regularly on the Payroll Savings Plan _ 't i ' · ' 0' ' ' ' ' I ' ' ' - i ' I - ' ' •• 'I' ' I ' ' c' ' ' ' 'I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472987 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 Ant evn F v lun A- A-3' 2 NO Depa tment TO __ I - _ of State OAT INT I AII -- J l Me 5 SEPTEMBER '974 Dissent Mea sage SUBJECT I AlA REF I NayY I I I i I ' ECON-l I ' • ' 0' • I ' ' '0 It ' I ' • I I 0° ••• ' The f ' t·i I ' ' ' ' ' 00 _· 0 •• I I '00° 00 1 I '- --_ --_ J 86 - A POLICY PROPOSAL IN SO IET ECONm1IC MODERNIZATION AS A CATALYST FOR cOHPLEtING THE DETEUTE PROCESS Now as neve before since its inception promine t vo1cesin both the US and USSR are questioning the concept of detente 'I at does detente me an or lIlore to'the point ''What ' s the e in it for us The results of detente initiatives s'o far are 1nc onclu sive Both countries need something more tangible 'than an abstract concept known as detente With the advent'or a new administration now is a p ime time for new bold initiatives for introduction of a policy that will give guts to the word detente This should be a policy which will speak to and satisfy the fundam ntal interests of the US and USSR--interests which ultimately can be realized only within the bilateral framework This paper sets forth a ' policy designed to meet that requirement ' I' I - Introduction ' AMERI PARTICIPA ION cnA'RGE ' CRR N I J This message transmits a dissenting view submitted' 'by J of the Embassy Ec onomic Commercial Section I I '0 ' -O- D- 4-V-$I A N- -A-l· r D S c i I 0 ' I L P esuppositlons - - - ' The action program outlined'herein is based on certain presupposi tions as to what each country has most to gain from detente A discussion of these presu2Positions fo11o 19 later ' FOR OE 'T OA' Dill • u DS-323 t ' O 00 _ -- ----------------- J lc 'alC c u CO I S mIII ta lI ou IP PI O Q · ------------ ECON co t 1-9 - S_- 74 _ _ _- --J _ CHAR G E AD u_b s_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I -ClC' C'c • i ---- -- -- ---- -- - - ---------_ _ ----_ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 I _ L __ ' _ _ _ ' - _ _ _ _ _ - _ - _ _ _ __ •• _ _ _ _- -_ _ __ -- - ------ - S EGREr Moscolo1 A- 3 G 2 United States - The fundamental goal of the United States from detente is the achievement of vedfiable ams contro l and or disarmament with the Soviet Union which will assure long-term US security ' Soviet Union'- The one significant J yotf fo the USSR from would be a USG policy permitting essentially uncontr olled acquisition of American equipment technology credits and other economic benefits for its ot economic development and modernization d tente 'The PoUcy Objective 'To seek a broad agreement with the Soviet Union linking aU -encompassing 'economic cooperation with the USSR the Soviet payoff which only the US can provide with-verifiable arms control and or disarmament concessions from the USSR to guarantee long term US security the us payoff which only the USSR c n provide ' f Discussion ' That l g-term secudtY-- l e a condition of l'eai pea e- is' the prime US objective from detente can hardly be open to contention Far less obvious is the reality that the only genuine payoff for the USSR from detente is in the economic tr de area This is because the Soviet domestic economy mainly'due to damaging structural ideological inadequacies is incapable of performing efficiently It can sustain annual growth only through injections of disproportionately massive capital investments rather than by stimul ti g increased'labor productivity efficiency ' ' ' ' - - · In the field ·of planning and management the Soviets al'e still l ound by basic ideological hangups hich prevent them from applying real decentralization in economic·decision aking The Absence of ·such·oecentralization has caused a chain'Teaction of problems the end· result of which '1s the' fact that the ordinary worker has no reai reason to work productively or be responsive in any other way to the overall economic needs of the country Furthel' the perfor mance indicators applied by Soviet planners to gauge economic ' progress still consist chiefly of quantitative rather than qua litative·elements Quantity rather than quality is' a historical phenomenon n Soviet economic planning which has led to a modus operandi ' 'characterized by low-quality manufactured goods containing need lessly large amounts' of raw materials In short besides beins' inefficient the Soviet ec nomy is extremely vasteful Because of the constant emphasis on quantity the Soviet economic system is incapable of absorbing the results of research and development into the production process 1n any coherent or rapid ' S - ' _ 11 _ ---- ' -- - I • ' _____ - ' _ ' -- -- --- '- -- ------- --' - --_ _ • 11 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 _--- -- -- ------- -- -------- -- -- -- ----_ _---_ ' ' SEeRE'f Jt'z MoscJw A- 3 way The S9viets and Russians before them have historically produced fine and innovative thinkers any of their contemporary research institutes are producing excellent work Yet the transformation of technological processes into production 1s largely unattainable since factory managers pay a tention to the plan it is a low and its fulfillment Because diverting resources o absorb' R D into production would render plan fulfillment more difficult that absorption is achieved only very slowly In a ecent conversation with Senator Hilliam Roth of Delawar Dzherman Gvishiani Depu y Chairman of the prestigious USSR State C ittee for Science and Technology made precisely this point He stated lIA majot' problem in the Soviet economy i the'delay in introducing new technology nnd processes into actual production Soviet research is of high quality hereas p oduction and management techniques lag behind ' ' For these t'easonst the Soviet economy is essentially an inefficient ponderous aimless organism By the same token rather than catching and passing Western economies in its performance--as predicted 15 years ago by Khrushchev -the Soviet economy is falling ·farther behina·them relative y speaking since innovation·in the West finds its way into production so much more quickly than in the USSR II One might' re'asonablY a it y t if' the Soviet ' conomy is in such d isarray the leadership aoes not adopt a series of tough pragmatic measures to tighten it up • The answer is that ' basic economic change can take place only when' accompanied by a8ic poli i al change and that is intolerable t th se in power ' ' Instead the S viets are banking on 8cq iring sufficient Western technological processes and sophisticated' equipment to offset the weaknesses caused their economy by its ideological basis In this way they hope to achieve real economic' progress without ' changing the existing economic structut'e Soviets have told Embassy officers see Moscow A-2S of January 24 1974 for example that economic planners have already effec tively given up t'rying o find ways of ind uc iog Soviet lorkers to increase their ef iciency and' • productivity ' ' III In g neral terms then the Soviets intend to rely heavily 'on foreign technology and equipment to modernize and rationalize their economy Specifically moreover there is every reason to belieVe that the Sov i ets see -the US as their chief hope for achieving that goal This is apparently a deliberate policy decision on their part The present bottleneck 1n US-USSR trade revolving around the intertwined MFN-credits-Jewish emigration -_ _- _ '- - _-_ - ------_ _ __ - __ _-------- _ - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 --- ------- _- -- 1 Moscow A- 1'1 4 issues has caused· bureaucrats at the operational level 1n the Soviet foreign trade structure to question the desirability of wasting t-ime 'ith the US market Yet it is known that pol1cy ·makers·have consistently rebuffed such points of view stressing 'the overriding importance of acquiring sophisticated American · q ipment for Soviet internal economic development ' An ipso facto indication of the great Soviet desire to enioy the benefits of the US market is the increasingly conciliatory stance taken by the USSR on the Jewish emigration issue this in spite ' of the Soviet leadership·s intense indignation at what it v e 1s as US interference in internal Soviet affairs The most recent evidence of this Soviet policy was the revelation on·August 27 1974 by a leading economist at the prestigious USA Institute that all Soviet industrial ministries have established American sections to deal exclusively with ways and means of acquir1 g needed US equipment • i ' · At the same time increasing Soviet trade with other developed 'Western countries is an acknowledged fact Clearly he Soviets ar prepared to make dou with other less -desirable partne-rs if ' ' ' a comprehensive agreement with the US cannot be achieved ' • ' ·'0 ' tv ' Aside from the glaring and presently insoluble problems ' faced by the Soviets in developing their economy additional problems are created for the USSR by the at s race itself In · the' US with its exceptionally high level of economic development - ··increased resource allocation to the armaments industries serves as a stimulus for the economy In the Soviet Union the reverse is true Expenditu es in the military sector -especially the · enormous funds re uired for developing new strategic weapons · systems--are a definite hindrance to overall economic growth and ' ' result in delays to or postponements of important development ' ' ' projects ' most particular ly in Siberia '0 • · In discussions with Embassy offi ers Soviet officials now openly a cknowledge this problem For example a leading Soviet economic pl nner made the following s atement' to this writer ecently 1 The reason we want to come to an agreement with you on armaments 1s in order to divert resources to other more pressing areas of ' the eeonomy This is a sincere desire not only for security but also fot' economic reasons II ' • • • ' ·V This writer·s assessment of the urgent requirements of the Soviet economy combined wi h a·perceived Soviet leadership mentality to seek foreign economic Itassista-nce which only the US can pro'vide adds up to the conclusion that the USSR ca'n be persuaded to ' SEeR E'f _ _ •• n _ • • _ _ _ _ _ _ • •_ _ - _ _ _ _ _ • _° 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ - - _ _ • _ ' 'to _ I' _ _ _ _ •__ •• _____ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 - __ ·_ ---'t '----- -·-I ' 'SESRET t Moscow A- 1ft 5 ·1 agree to a strategic accommodation including appropriate safeguards verification procedures etc with the US which will satisfy our security req6irements 'Again the' question may logically be asked B8 to why the Soviets would agree to a linkage of such crucial 'importance for both countries when they can hardly swsllow·the'relatively modest coupling of increased Jewish emigration from the USSR in return for American MFN and credits There are several possible answers to t is question • • First of all the kind of USG-sanctioned economic cooperation with the USSR envisaged by this proposal would be far·greater than the rather limited issues of MFN and Ex-Im Bank credits It would also greatly exceed anything envisaged under existing US-USSR bilateral agreements 1n the trade and economic fields and would include such measures a l ' ' -- effective abolition of commodity and technology export ·controls by the St except in those areas with particularly sensitive applications military -- comprehensive US company participation in Soviet'develop 'm nt 'projects ' ' ' ' ' conti uing technology inflows from'the US including up ' gr ding state-of-the-art'on e isting and'future projects supplied 'from he US ' ' - pro' 1is1on of US management assistance • both' participating i conjunction with individual projects and advisory in' overall economic planning 'subject to Soviet sensitivities in this area ' - direct USC credits outside the fut-lm Bank framework at concessionary rates to the USSR for purchases of American equipment an technology ' ' ' her are s of cooperation would be utually agreed upon dep nding on expressed Soviet requirements • • • i I • Secondly • the Soviets have reacted so bitterly to the Jackson Amendment because it was construed as foreign interference in the internal affairs of the USSR A linkage involving Soviet concessions in the prms control field could not possibly be viewed as 'internal interference since it is an area involving directly the security interests of foreign countrtes in this case the US seeUT ' -_ --- -_ _---- - - -_ __ - _ ---_ _ _------ _ _ __ _------ --- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLA SIE1 --- J S Department of State Case No - _ _ - - ---- _- -- - _--- F-201 -07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 -------- I '-SEeR Moscow A- lrl 6 I In other words it 'is not lin age per to which the Soviets object in many conversations with Soviet officials this writer h s received the impression that a proper linkage involving key national interest questions of both countries would be not only pqs'sible but also • • ' desirable I' ' VI This analysis deals only with the economic trade aspects of a proposed agreement The specific arms control and oL dis armament gains which would represent the US payoff naturally would be determined by experts from the appropriate USG agencies Obviously the agreement could be viable only f adequate safeguards verific8t ions etc •• can pc guaranteed Here again 'however Soviet participation in such agreement wou d be d ctated by the economic gains which the USSR would obtain an Objections ' ' Un'tted States ' 1 Some political elements to the US might view such an a'greeUient as 1 sell-out of US vital interests arguing that it 'would involve a military or strategic stnnd -off while a't the same ti e strengthening the Soviet e onomy and thus maldng that country more powerful ' Such an argument would fail to' take hold of ·two 'k y points ' ' Technology and'equipment alone -no'matter where' they come from--will not be adequate to modernize the Soviet conomy it being structured in such a way as to inhtb1t the a similation of any kind of novation • ' ' ' 9 Should s tgnific t econ c' gains become possfble '1n'the USSR··through foreign equipment and technology purchases coupled with modest structural reorganization such gains will ultimately be felt a the consumer level resulting in aggravation of latent pressures for more consumer goods Und r Soviet circum stances consume pressures would lead to political pressures The advent of· ' 'consumerism in the USSR would have the effect of ' forcing rad1tionally outward-looking Marxism LeDinism to become more introspective This would of course also be a positive d elopment for tlle US ' ' ' 2' The defense establishment May bject that economic coop'eration will lead to a strengthening of the USSR militarily While this is true it is a negative aspect that would have to be accepted for the sake of overriding inte o ests Again it must be stressed that any US-USSR accommoq'ation could work only 1f it included workable p ocedures for verifying adherence by the USSR to the arms control and or disarmament provisions ' SESRET - ' - - -- -- - _ - _- ' ' - - - - - - __ -- -_ _ -- _ _ _ -------- ---' - ------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 _ UNCLASSIFIED 'U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 DO No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 - Moscow A- JI Z 7 Soviet Union I • ' •• 1 1 The greatest opposition of all is likely to come from the Soviet military establishment Ravi g seen the US R approach pat'ity 'nth the US militarily Soviet generals will' hardly be inclined to level off or even diminish 'the degree of their offensive capabU f ties I 2 Far-sighted conservative elements in the CPSU leadership may oppose an agreement on the grounds that large scale introduction of US technology into the Soviet economy will ultimately force basic political liberalization This assumption is probably correct On the other hand 'in reaching an agreement with the · USSR as espoused 1n this paper the US would be giving its tacit ' ·if unspoken agreement to renouncing any kind of interference in Soviet domestic affairs including its system of internal control ' The realization of the US position on that question would be a ·s rong argument in overcoming conservative opposition to a _agree trlent ' ' · Neither the Soviet military establishment nor conserVative CPSU elements would be likely to oppose an agreement on the 'grounds of fear of a preemptive military strike trom the US • It is doubtful ' ' that there rell a1ns atJy mil ttary or political groupings of any ' ' ' ' 'size 1n the USSR which actually b lieve t and therefore feat' that ' ' ' ' the US represents n mtlita 'y threat to the Soviet Union '0 ' ' ' •• Conclusion '0 ' t' ' • • • • •• ' The formula known as detente while not yet floundering requires a catalyst to achieve a genuine reduction in 0 ' elimination'of tensiqn between the world·s two superpowers An agreement link ng' 'economic coop ration with guaranteed strategic security can provide · such a·cata1yst Detente wo ld be fulfilled and genuine lODg birm peac e would be far nearer s'ttainment With that soal in m1n this proposal i herewith resp ctfully s ubm t·ted ' ' ' ' ' DUBS' ' o ' · ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' t ' ' ' - ' 00 ' • • • e' ' • 00 • -0' - _ _ _ _ _ -_ - --- - - -- - - - --- -- - _ _-- - -' _ ' _ _----_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472990 Date 01 11 2018 CO 641673 O IED U S DepC rtment of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416730 Date 10 11 2017 jRELEASE IN FULLI - ''' ' INF'O' COf IOENUAh -- ------ laO 0 OCT e1 eSOQ 1004 W I PQ R • • • • d· ··152215 o 152t1J56Z AP 77 c 0 A EMnASSY SAN SA VADOR S C5TATE ASHOC IMMaD ATE 30g FM TO FlO DISS NT N T t A ECTION 2 OF 3 SAN S VA Oft 1732 CHAN f 1 SITUATION' S C 1 A l INTERPREIAi ·N -R If HE LEAVE 5 SOO ER RATH THAN LATER AN IMMi FIRE CAN ON •• ' COt' vtNCE MA WAS CORReCT C7j c ERT Il DES BACKER S HAV I NG ASH NGTON TJ MALIGN AM6ASSAOOn RE WHILE UNDER P L ICY TO 'STON lU L A't iJN TO L ZAhC AND SUGGESf HIS ECA L I L INTERPRET HIS XTHD AWA AS-TOTA - V I liD I CAT t C i I a R liU P -A O V-I C- o-e uL tC v U- ' I S II XLf STi'l ENG THE N THEIN PRESTIGE ANO VOICE IN TH ROMERO YEARS WHIcH ou O BE UNFdRTUNATE IN TERMS OF FUTURE HUMAN RIGHTS oaSERVAhCE E SALVAD R AND POSSI V FOR OTHER US NT REsTS H E IN THE PREMISE THE HAS lRREV9CAaLY D CIDEO TO CH NG AM3ASSADORS WE fORE5EE'ANO HAVE A ALYZED SIX'POSSIBLE SCENARIO OPTIONS IN 'TKE TRANSITION FROM ThIS AMBASSADCR TO THE N XT EACH seEWARIO MIT$ A OIfF RENT SIG Ab'yO THE GOES AND INT RE5TEO AUCIENCES • 7 POSSle E 8CENA I05 ACCF PiI G ADMI X5TRATION - CONf IDENnA - - - - · · · 1 y ' 1 - -L J Loo _ ' ' ' ' 0 ' r • • - - • i • I ' ' J -7 r•• - _ r ' - ' 'J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416 0 Date 10 11 2017 I co 641673 O IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416730 Date 10 11 2017 CONFI OENTI Al SAN SA PAGE e2 e1 2 7 2 OF 03 152123Z 'THE S IX ARE I Ah6 SSADOR l OZANO LEAVES O APR L 3 ANO THE Ne l A EASSADOi- ARRIVeS AS 500 AS PCSS El TP R AFTE I SIGNAL • THE l'SG IS ANXIOUS Ttl rd ESTA51 15r1 T 'P rtiRH R I1r OOO ri H t· OS H RE TIu 'iS IP l· 7 iHE GOEi USG oEl tC VfS l T UNFO lTUNATE iHAi'THE HliMAN RIGHTS - Ti a - ISSU S CAHE UF ASO 5liOUUJ BE PUi f HINt US QUICKL V THE 0SG wrLL- ORK rTH OTrl T E PRESENT AND JNC MING REGXMaS REGARO ESS OF PE FORMA ce OM TrilS ISSUf QZ NO HAS RE VED FOR HIS XIGQRIOU ACTIONS ON THE RICnARD50 CASE ET AL II THE AM9AS ADOR' EAVES ON ArRIL 32 HIS R'PkACEME T ARRIVES 'N OR A60l T 'THE- Jli Y 1 Ii AU U HION· Of' GE ERAL ROM RO A ChARGE IS CHIEE OF MlS5IDN IN SIGNAL M THE NEW ApPROACH A TS -' TO START OPF I'H A iTH THE RDhERD AOMI 5TR TION LOZANO AS ri MOV D CR HIS ACT G 5 o HUXfoN R7GHTS T PREV QUS GOOD E ATXC SH1P CA aa RECAFTU EO euT ON Y WUH THE L6G DI P RTURE aET EN OF OZA O A NO T RI H AnON OP TH 'OL INA TE lJilE 4 III ' A BASSADO SIGNA I MUCK THE SAM 6 i i LOZANO ON APRIL DEPA TS THE NEW Z AM8ASSA DR DOES NCT ARRIVE U TIL HELL X TO THE ROM RO TEN REI PERHAPS S VE AL MONTHS THE cHARG PR SIO S • US IS WAITING TO SEE HQW TH OMfRO REGIME P RFORMS · IV AS II BUT LESS I ELY MlSUNDERSTQOD TO i'H Ar aAseADOR L E VE 6 ON APRIL 3e NO REPLACEMENT IS NAM D UNTIL THE GOES D M MSTRATES WHAT ACTIONS IT'I TENDS TO TAKE ON TH RICHARDSON CA E SIGNAL THE uac xs NAlUI G A ID SEE NG BUT ONLY TO DETERMINEXF THE GOES WILL MAKE GOOD ON ITS P O I5ES TD SATISFACTORILY EXP AIN THE RICHARDSON - MATTER THE USG WIL STIcK TO rTS GWNS IT WA NoT TH AMBASSADOR aUT THE USG THAT WA3 PURSUI G THE HUMAN RIG Ii t spa L ICY - - CONf IDENTI A 1- ' ' ·· 1 - - ' j • - ' J ' JI • 0 I _ ' j ' l ' ' • • e_ • _- ' - 1 •- - 0 - ' ' '1 • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Gase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416730 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641673 O IED of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CO 6416730 Date 10 11 2017 'U S Department CONfl'XDENTlAL PAGE e v A A55ADDR LOZANO REMAINS IN LACE AT EAST UNTI TH JULY 1 C ANGE IN SALVADORAN REGIMES IoiE -TAK S NO INlTUTIVES TO H RQI E ·Re I ATICNS'OR ' OTHE R IS SIGNAL o THE AHaA3SAOCP IA8 UR6Ul G US POL-ICY IN ' HE RX CHARDI30N' MW Rr 1 A' ED CASF S THE ' tI CHANGE'IN SALVADORAN REGIMES IS A NATURAL TIAE fQ CHAN E AKaAS ADeRS NO Re RE5RNT NOTHING BEXONO XHAT VIe THE AMBASSAOOR REMAIN IN P ACE AT LEA T UNTIL JULY·1 E US 5 HIS LAM DUCK STA1US TD HAMMER HOME USG CONC RN KITH- UMAN RIGHTS THE R CHARDSON A§E AND OrH R I i j 1 1 ISSU S T AT MlGHT CD ME Ufo ' SIGNAL 02 THE'STRONGESi OSSISl E ThAi 7KE USG IS DEAD'SERIDUS ON RXCHARO$ N HUMA RIGHTS ET A e' R C lI l ENDAnON I WE R2COM END ' MPl Eiti NTATION OF EITH£ IV DR'VIa E PR FEA TH 'LAfTE SI CE WE' j I 'J i CONVEYS THa C EA -ES1 l EAS' ' SUBJECT TO MISINTERPRETATION MESSAGE THAT THE PROMOTION-OF HUMAN at l lEvr RIGHTS n AS BASIC iO US FORE GN 'P06XCY AS lie HAVE SEEN L E 'TO 6 l tEVE - - ' ' 1 ' t ' • • ' _ ' _ • • 4 ' I _ J - M r t·· • t l 7 Jr ' ' -' ' ' I J 1-' - • • _ ' ' - ' r --- - ------_ _- ------ - - - --------- ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416730 Date 10 11 2017 i I ----------------U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 0 417027 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 02 TIED '0 i' DE PARTMENT OF 'STATE tn ·1·J4 ' '§' 'J I 'O I' rllr '1 y - WOShi g on D C '2t'I5 O IT r U'ri V 't' 0' November 9 977 - I y Dear' L-_ _ _ 86 I am responding to your dissent channel message of September 15 concerning' the questio l of continued United states membership in the International abor rganization As you are aware the President announced on November 1 that the United Sta'tes would 'Ili thdraw from the ILD • 'hile the factors and interests considered in making this decisio'I-l w'ere complicated and could reasonably lead to different interoretations the remarks made by Secretary Marshall to the press agreed in large measure with your own an lysis ' Sincerely Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff 't' 86 86 I L -_ _ _ Office qf XLO A'ffairsi Department of State r • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417027 Date 10 11 2017 t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State l C se No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06431 112 Date 11 13 2017 f ' RELEASE IN PART 86 REB 5eJ SE RUT 'e75 5 1 s OF i'Bu 15Z 12 ' - _' ACT ON SF 2 J --- Po i • FM AMEMBA5SV EX T TO aeCSTAre WAS DC 1824 r a - '-' J - r N P C N T % A t SEC 1'% bN i t F 5 BE RUT' i' P1' C -t--- w uIs NT-5 CtF P ' ' I I 7e6P 4 a ••••••••••• ••••••••• 1 15fimZ S 1 e o 118 21 GOB r c s Pf O P NT E IS sy a JO SUSJ CTr TH IM ERATIV OF ua ACTION ON E PAL sfINIAN QDE3T O £P CAl C CO C HWT S I J T l AVIV 1S 3 cIU 1 0 4 e ea i U i UT 39 i' Cl AM MJ aSS9 J E U8 ALi M 1 W CF CAI R0 1 9 1 ' 1 R CDX E eD DIST I u tDN M5AeSIES AT AMMiN AiR O 6r1 Sr US JIC J ' 6 T LO' ON if L AVIVI COr SUI ATE T t JE ueAL MJ IN O PA THENT A NE IAI N A ARN INR Nq RNA 86 - 86 86 - - - - - - ''''I - I ' - - - - -- ----- ------------ -- -- ----UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201_6 9 743 Doc No C06431112 Date 11 13 2017 --- --- '-- -- -- - - - - - --- -- --- -- - - ' ' r· t - ' - ' J I 'f ' ' - l J j I ' la 915Z' CC 1 - ' Te ' E PM T L A ALV o ft PR03L IlFl FP O Lnl TEw N T uM L e'J' TE I C nF I IJI TPJAT nN 1 Pi S CTIV S C A A t3l CP RAS -gl SUGG S SUI tl' T I A Af1 CUSC PA RA '11' CCNTIN C 8TIAN aYRIA 'FF SIV npE ATIO S A O LITTLE CHqIOTIA n SY IAN NT R£eT I A CO OMISE r l FO U JOU HAL 3 AR I i' J 0 E-4 or tNAOE UAC OF CLASSIFIED POijC S RVICE AT THt §OiT S 1--lC IT IS P P' tIL V A P L C ST JDY T - O PAR M NT r4AY WXSl-l TO L i'lN 9IC'E IT AP r RI iE Y EDITED FO THE ECENT cEVELDPM TS l LE A O II l e7513 CO 5IO ·Hal e Ccr r T F g F e aOR G a lTS CPM AS 4-S BEt O HO EVER R T'e P03AL AS LL AS OTH R pnS s fzI 0 ' I EVOKEv en 1 qE UT 2 3 ' SU A vi l eAS8Y a I UTi SUG3HSTION I MIij jULV OF A US CECLA ATlwN O SUPPeRT FO Ti'fE CONC PT' 'F A PAL f 3Tln t'l 8T6' ' ON THE l' E T 6AN f 1 ' AGE OPEN - COM' I eEWn Alo '- I SQLUT O ARA 2' Oep CT5 F R pqOCESS OF on vc LH TI J U 1 $ l X I S I ' He' HnUL 0 ASSUM P ESI0Z C 3 A CO D L AR DIN AND F ICU E MAV IS EFT OF LE9AN e STAn C A 13 tJ STI PI iT Hi IS S O KEy 7R05L £Y I LfSA O PARA 14'a aCT ALeATI I N5 AND CHRtSTIANS AARE o eALE TINIAN ATI AL CAU HER GERM OF SCLUT O IS To E FOU C PA A_l US IS ONL Y WE ' WHICh CJN P SSUR la'A L SUF r Ie TLY TO ACCEp· R S T l eSO UTID OF tT BTAaLI 1 PI E T 0 F ' AL T I I' A T T I N- AE SEN CEO IH Dn A T 6 A Hi q S N ' r Yo o oJ H 1 'T f S TIs aeaT E V O FI D MIDDLe UY l 'TASLE IS TRAT I a i l ES en S qV O Cf A A oqLn AN THER FOR iN I c 7t HICH Is KEY O STA ILZ NG FACTOR C A A lj T PORARY WE4K NiN Of PI O IN L 9AI Oi'-l MAY T T UC TO A ' J01jN EFFOR'l' TO R sct ur o 1 AL STI IIA AOMINAl nT ' TI H 0 fl C' C Po TIC AiHtI N1ST f ATIt N W0 Ut 0 FUTU T EeTs cy LJY NG G CUNn O K FoR N XT AeT SOLUTIDN C A A R' PREeE T OTH ACMI STR TIO fs POLICY NO A A 1Sl RECCMMEN EO COURSE QF ACT ION I 8 I P A T SAN r 0 HH 1·t £ J T 0 F CON CEP T F I A 0 E-4 PALEST NI_N Z riI g a 6TAT P C A A DOMaaTIC us POLItICAL tMPACT IS MANAGEA E CPARA 1 STATe E T ULD HAV ALUTO Y IMPACT' ON ISq LI ADICALIZATI N OF AL ST NIA OVZME T M GHT E- BE AVOICEC ANO KONTINUED 0 Drs aL TIQN CQNF 6 NT%A OESTRUC IC AND OF riI Q ' -- ' UNCLASSIFIED U Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431112 Date 11 13 2017 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431112 Date 11 13 2017 _ _---_ -- - - - - - ---- __ - - ----- -- ESANON i±GHT 3F HI LTP O ' A 2 UNILAT 'RAL A6M NISTRAi' ON DECLARAT ON QULO HlVE LESS IW ACT 9UT XOULO STtLL SER I NA' ' 1 0 I AL H1 c $ 'i' AI D A V _ EI e l cOT I 0 VE R IMPACT M AHT 3 T L RAaL C A A 21 CO T NUAT% N or OO·N rHING POL CY OULD iS$U E OONTINUEO O G ADAT ON OF us INTE ESrs I I DLE EAST kPARi i4 i ' ' ' • r • 4 STATe OF D SAT ON PAL STI IAN iSSUE EM8ASS 8E UT MIa JULY SUGGEST n REFT L A THAT SOM p nSP t t FqR P A E EXIAT O I L tNON T THAT I E GIV N SV IA'5 DEMO aT ATIQN D GROUND THAT IT H Lci H±L TA A A C OF FO E B T EEN CHR STIANS N ' PAL ESYH1 t ' 5 A D F 8 t I I I' 'Y CiF P TICAI EFO MS IN L EaANON I Ci-i 10 UL 0 0 F F PLIj PAC • i V ' G r CR1-1 Ul' A T0 j' LC' u ' ' I r'l' J _ a It II L ' t C'Q I I f ' h i • L l1 J t n I I'ClC' ' J' 1 T'j' t' It ' IC • w i l %l-I U' ' Ii FijPTH R SUGf H S·f£l THAT U5 eJilil o PilOVIDE r IPO TA IT' aCOST Ta TH1S P OS ECT ev E D SINS I E OF PAL ST IAN W ST ANK STATE i H 6Y OFFERING AL BTrNIA S A OTHE FAe 8 V NG fORMULA PO SA KING DONN IN I EBANON CREFTE· 14 A A t- ' • 'j 1 ' - ' c E ' ' t' '111 ' • I ' _ t· •••• ' 5 • tJ t' p • ' ' t ' q 0' ro '1 F ' ••• - ' ' ' · ·· Qh ' ' ' G J r· ' -' ------------ ' ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431112 Date 11 13 2017 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 D c No C06431112 Date 11 10' _Q1Z • ''' ' ' 1' • l I 17150 Z Po •• •••••••• m 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C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 _- - _- -_ --r-·--·------ - i '• I DEPARTMENT OF STATE I I Washin toll D C W520 1 'I I April 18 1977 r I Ii i MEMOHANDUM - i TO See Distribution List FROM S P - Anthony Lake ' J I 1 SUBJECT l i i I Attached for your information is ' San alvador 1732 a dissent channel message o the scenario of ambassadorial chance in San ·Salvador Gran ille Austin of the Policy Planning Staff has be n named'coordinator in charge of a substantive reply i I I 1 I I •• I I Copies to S The Secretary S S - The Exe utive Secretary Open Forum Chairman M - Deputy Under Secretary for Management ARA - Assistant Secretary M DG Director General D HA Coordinator ' Dissent Channel Hessage • ' i t ' j t I o 0 ' ' ' e • '0 '1 • ' J ' ' 0'·' ' 'r - Li '•• __ • • -••• •• • • ' C ' - - ' f· • • ' •• J • tc _ r _ _ • 0 ' '__ • •••• I • • - r _ UNCLASSIFI'EO' lFs '6 p rtment of St t Case' No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431687· Date t • • 11i137 b'17 UNQLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No 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' -I' ' o -1 ' ' _ l ' -- I __ ·_ ___ M_ __ _ __ '_______ __ _ _ ___ __ _ ___ ___ _ __ -- __________ -- ____ __ '' • ' I ___________ ___ _ __ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date • _ I c ON HnlllTlALo • 11 13 2017 - • RE64 3 I I t·- 15214 Z ---- - IsO 9 o APR 7'1 16e 5e2 S O 00 1 04 W PWPR R aw Aa u 1522 6 FM A MaASSV SAN SALVADOR TO 3997 S CSTATE A5HOC IMMEDIAT - 01 SS NT CHMJ EL ARGUMENTS H WOULD AOYANCE 'TO SUPPORT-'THIS RECoMMENDATION INCLUDE 'CAl tHE TRAK ITION FROM ONE SALVADORAN REGIME Tn ANOTHER 5 A- 10n AiLlRA T M iO CHM GE ue A1-16ASSADORS RA'I'HER -'THAN Two MONTHS S FOiH - -cel- TH MISTA EN %M RESSION THAt AMBA SADOR L QZA O AS FUi SUING HIS tHIN VENLieiTA fi AiHER THAN USG PO I Y IS GR i Y DIHINISHED o CC THE WSG OOES NOT LOSE ALL MOMENTUM ON 'i'H E i Crl A R 50r QU Z Y AND CHl MAX I iU 7 E ymAT EV EM __ l EVE HAGE I T i'l I GHT Ii AVElF 't J tl ·o1f 'frcr a ctU1lm tmL1 ir o rT -TO GET-m-r ISSUE 0 1 11 Or-fI iA_ LA LJ EFOR IrS '-tliiAU§LJRAiION h OPTION AL 80 GIVES er rn R b AV rU Ge aOTH IN IMN g ' AT ANO FUTLJf E f ANt E B NCE IT' CAN BE TAILOR D TO GeES ACTIO S DR LACK THEREOfF CO THE PQSSIDIL TV IS M NIMXZED THAT US MISSION PERSONNEb AoVOCACY OF HUt-1AN RlGHTS CD C RNS NILl OHiINtSH IF THEY 6ELIEVE PD ItICAL CO 8IOERATIONS IN WASHXNGTDN OICTA ED -THE DNTIMfL REMoVAL OF THE AMBASSADOR REGARD ESS OF THE POLIC 1 LICATIONS DISCUSSED ASOVf ' - ' E ' NEITHER THE GOES NOR ITS SUPPO T GROUPS H1 II G 0 p rr E lJ SGAS h PAP ER_ T GER ON H MAN RIGATS PROTECTION OF Its CITIZENS -ETC F THESE OPTIONS HC D TH GREAT ST R MISE '1 A x' A Ay WI 'j' HAN - - --CO Qr Xftf HTl4l o ' ' • 1 --J ' l ' - ' ' • - ' ' •• Jt ' ' l 1 o __ _ __ _______ ___ ______ _ ' ' l'Io ' '' ' ' -0 _ ' » - 0 • '0 • • • • • • ' h ' ' to _ '0 · • ' ___ _ - - --- '----- - •• • c •• • • - - - -•• -- - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • e' •• - - ' _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 -UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 PAGe 02 SA ml 32 SAN 3 Of' 03 OF INPEOING iHAfEVER PRESSURES IGHT EXIST FOR THE ROME o AOMIN ST ATION TO'PURSUE N EVEN HARO R NE ONCf · IN eFr li E a ' 9 IN THE NM E JF SRfVITy IE' HAVE N01 L IST gO TH PROS' ANO CQN OF EP CH UP THE t CnON' OPTIONS 'THAT ANALYSIS CAN'BE 8UP LIED IF NECE8SARV e liQ ONCLUSlCNe WlTHOUT GUESTXQ NG C APPEARING T j Q V r s or I 1 • P f ES O NT CAR 'i' ER1S fU GH ' T0 EP' ACE AN AMSAUSADOR i' ENe V R HE DEEMS BESr TH UNOER IGNEO R COMMENO 'T -iA i s AMBASSAboR rZAND S TE URE 2E xtENDE AT EAsT THROOGH TH JULY 1 INSTAL AT CN'OF THE RDM RO REGtM AND THAT DU ING TH NTERXM fERICO HI SE INSTRUCTED 10 PROMOTE HUMAN-RIGHTS IS3U ·TO T E FUl l ESj EXTENT Ct'Jl' PArI5I E t'lX'TH OTfi R NATIONAl Ii TaRr SrS C·IN A PHA5E1ICAL OR 1ER 11 ONOURRENCE$ - r l 'r 1 I ' ' • 0 _ _ _ _ • • _ _- _ _ _ _ _ _ •• __ • _ - '- - _ 4 ' - - -' -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C§I e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 J ---' UNCLAS$IFIED U S Depaftment of State Cas e f' Jo F- 016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 jf-' c _ • • o I I j I' I 'j i ' J 1 - - to ' 1 I 'CONFID NTIAL 1 I ' ' ' o • _ • ' •• ' ''' '' '1 ' ' -' ' ' 'I ' - ' • ' 1 - ' ' 'i l ' h' _ _ - ' - 1I' T· · _ •• __ ' ' - - •• - --r _ _ _ - _ ' _ _ • ---- i II ItG' - ___ - - - - - - 't 'S' ' - •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Uf'iC LASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431687 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473510 Date 01 11 2018 - OEPARTMENT OF STATE ' W09hlni on D C 20520 IRELEASE IN FULLI August 15· TO The FROM siP - Winston Lord l SUBJECT Dissent Memorandum 1 7 4 Attached is a dissent memorandum on the Cyprus crisis I n accor¢iance with establisheq procedures for the d1ssent channel wfi1ch 1S set Up as you know to g1ve a d1rect means of expressing dissent within official channels this paper was forwarded to me and I pass it on to you without comment It 1S dated August 9 though the drafti·ng date shows AUgUst l but only reached me on August 14 I Our office will respond directly to the drafter incorporating any comments which you might wish to make Attachments Tab A Dissent Memorandum Tab B - Department Notice UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473510 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476546 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 • - I eeNFI» NTIAL ' i · ·1 f 1 S P CA LEGRONE AG D 05 a2 j EXr 22972 SIP PIdOLFOIIJITZ 'i f 1 i f t '- i RO UTINE- BONN tt ' · I ' ISSENT CHANNEL FROM SIP IdOLfOblITZ fOR J --- --- E O 11652 TAGS •I SUBJ ECT LlIANC GDS If S 8e WOLFOWITZ PAUL I j DISSENT CHANNEL ON SANCTIONS AND T-HE ATLANTIC REFERENCES A BONN '- C - ENTIRE TEXT 1 731f'2 P 11 A C 'a t B BONN b717 PER YOUR REQUEST Rtf TEL B 'SENT TO ACDA AND USICA yy 1 1 j I 1 J ' ' 1 t If 'i eeNF DEN r EAL ' ·f r J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476546 Date 01 11 2018 B6 co 6415452 IED U S Department of State Case No F-20 6-07743 Doc No C06415452 Date 10 11 2017 DEPARTMEr- T OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 A gust Sf 1977 f iEHORANDUH To SIP - Mr Lake Through siP From SiP Mary Ann Casey - Theodor H Horan t Subject I Dissent Message 86 tal 86 There is a genuine int rest in sector analysis in AID there is a feeling in some quarters that I interpretation of hml it should be done is too time-consuming expensive and non-policy relevant · 86 Here' is the response dissent mess age bU I have told him that I will try to get him in touch with people who are sympathetic to his ideas and if the problem is merely him they can tell him In any case the point he raises are being reconsidered in AID and the whole debate should nOH be taken out of the dissent channel Attachment --- Clearances ID - Mr Eriksson 1 ARA - Ms Peters UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415452 Date 10 11 2017 -------------------------- PAGE Hi RELEASE IN PART 86 REB516 I ' 1_ ii 1 J I INFO P 2 H592 Z APR 76 FM AMEMBASSY PARIS TO SeCSTATE WASHDe PA CRITV 0P 5 6 e S RE SECTI N 1 OF 03 PA S 12061 •• I DISSENT C ANN L E O 11652i XGUSG Iu Jic iO IIa r 1 L l tt L J L u ___L_'_'_ f_ _ SM fs l D SS NT iG VXclli StJ I I'rif O POLITI AL MILITARY OFFICER A L - - -- ---'------- P t ' I fi r TlH T W M iJ iT 0 USUA k OISTRH lUiHP ·it S ' i e Sf IJI 'STR 5UTEI TO EIIR Ft BY 86 86 r INR U D R SUC DIS1RIBUTZ N CnNT QLS AS THE DEPARt MENT DEEMS APPAOPRZATE q THr MeSSAGE w s PR PA E ON APRIL r 23 1 76 ALTHOUG XTA ROOTS G8 BACX TO E RLY Fe5 ljARY I AND 2 BEGIN SUMMARVi THE' PARTiCipAT D OF THE FRE0C COHHUm NrST PARTY CPCP IN THE G V£ NENr OF FRANCE 00L POSE THE GRAVEST CH4LLE GES TO T E 4TLANTIC ALLIANCE SfRUCTUqE OF SECURITY T AT AS A5SU E pE CE IN UROPE FO ALMOST Tl' E lJ ·CADf St THIS t· A HA E EH r t-J k ·· rMG Ti ' CO C RNS PRONPrI' G TY£ P ESZOE liIS ' D THt S C E TIiRYIS P PEATEr OECl AR AT tP S r PQS I NG COfjl· U I 8 T P 4 RT l' CIP T I ON x NES TERN EUROPgA GaVE N EYTS AM P RSUACED THAT· THE H EAT Iij E ENT r 1 THE CASE O THE SOCIALIST COMMUNIST ALLIANCE I FR CE FAR E CEEOS THE CnN5IDERARL OA GERS SSOCIATED WIT POTE TIAL CO MUN ST GDVE N NG RD ES eL E H RE IN EST R EUROPE ISRfE I H THE PR SIDENT S A O THE SEC ETA yiS APPPDACH AND ECIEV TH EMaASS IS QE ATIO S 10TH r'R4 CJ is ·SPCXAL ISTicn U I5T ALLIANCE SHOUtO IN NO 'S- C s ' p _ '-' --'- - - - - - 0 ____ _ _ _ RO - - - '-- _ '0 - • --------- -- --_ - -----'-- _-- - - - ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do o ----- C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 @ $ 0 '' - - - 11' ••• w-'OC PARIS 12 B1 P GE 2 f ts r T' lID 3 • • • ' ' t 01 OF RI$ UNDE CUTTI G tT WAY _ 'f -r 25 943Z E O H€NDATtONS IN PiRi 5 FO Nf N OIRP CT Or-' S I'IJ O FRE C J ' LICV A E FP M ED 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C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 E-i ' K ' 'w ' ' ga 1 Q ' -- _ n ' ''' ' 8 ' - PAGE S 'O' •• r PARIS'121S1 0_ 26YJ94 Z c FURi'HEtH O El l· ' V CONCE f 'QF ' j FENDING EURnp AGAINST A ARSAW P CT ZNVA8rQ THqOUGH A SUSTAINED CON VEMTIO L CEFf P USING F ENtH T RITORY AND FhRC $ WOU BE qENUE O HIGHLY OOUSyFUL eI WOULD SAy MeOSSI aLE iN T E EVE T OF PCP PA T CIP TION IN TH F ENCH ' ' - ' i' ' 0 z 4' • t • I ' •• •• t ' • • ' • I ' ' • I O' ' 'r - • I J r•• •• - r i ' • t •• t I'tI ' I - -- --- _-- _--- --- _ _-- ---_ _-----_ _---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No 9 16-07 53 I' - - - - - - - - - - - - - --- _-' Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSlF'IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 O · '· ' - •• -- REBS7S Or 03 ' 2 11 260044Z SP- 2 ACTION -- otT Bl INFO 26f1929Z APR 5 1 iS9m e 11g4 W __ • 75 FM AHEKqASSV PARIS TO SECSTATE WAsHoe PRIORITY 0 06 S 6 C R i T SECTION mi OF 0 PARIS 12gS1 DISSENT C ANNr 1 GOVER m wi' E NUST NOT' LET 'THIS HOPPE l o F'I lM LV rru us PERHAPS I PDS I LE vl S t N NATjc J 1 O Ii D FHJD CQ TO CO M T iT oIFFie'·I ' ITSELF TO THE D FENSE OP EIJ 0PE I G U · 5r p 1r T Al r CH-J· mUST INVp ICN H' THE i'lES i ER N EU I np pY S 'Hf 1- Si L lieS CH 'jQ oS E 70 von C H·fll 1 I S1 IDEO OG NO FUNCTIO AR ES TD PO ER IN A KEy O NTRY FRANC L KE LFT'T IS He MUST NOT HAPPEN E TH Ra 4 DOM STIC FR NCH SP CTB agYOND tHESE iNiERNA6' T I ONAL SPECi L 'HHCH H O · DUl D JUST IFY OllR O OS I· i ION 'T u P CF P RTI C I l TIn 1 Hl FRf I' CH GO Vt RNMEN '1' IIJ a T E8E A E SUBSTANTIAL F ENCH DO E T±C EASONS FOA DOI G EVERY- THING POSSI8L HiHIN OUR 1'1aCRATIC FfH HEWORl 'TO KEEP THE COM U ISTS OUT OF T E G F Ae PIRST e TH E CnVMON PRCH'HH I IS fHJUNO' T·O' p WVO' E _ A CON - SERyATlvE REACTIC TH OUGHnUT f A C IF THE SO IALIaTI COHBUNIST Al L 6 NCf S P IDUSLY TTE1- PTS TO tMPLEHF NT' ITt • - I ReGARDLESS of TH€ JUSTICE O A lII E Or 'n'·E· COI'H'rON PROS AH' S Pl AN KS THf VEfl·V F H i TH 4 T r oj r PC ' P14 tP'AIE S H I T·S 'f'rc FORMULATION A n IM LE E T TID ILL RAISE THE F A THAT THE COHYON PRDG AM IS S MPLY TH F ST STOP IN' CDMMUNI ' ZI GII - THE FRENCH IATlai 8 HJG 6 S C L LY CONse I TIVE IS 'THAT 'THE RESUL TING DESTRIICrI N Tn FRANCE'S Pr-L ITICAI · S e E'F o -g -' ' '-- ' '- - - - -- ---- -''' - THE' FRENCH NATION WILL 'Ehcr HETH R THIS REAcTION ILL BE RELATIVELY EACEFUL CAR IN 1958 Oq MORE PRO OUN CAS IN 1871' IS OE ATAe E H6T IS BEvbxn DOU T OHEYE - ' - ---'--------- - ----------- ---- -- _---_ _---------_ _ - - - - - '--'- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N0' f-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 ---------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 •• r ' f 9 fLl p o 8 Z PAGE 02 SrJCIAl ANO ECrj OnC Ft 8 I'C 'P lI'L O SeT ACK THE CAUsE OP F ENCH LI ERTY IT MIGHT'EV U P 'V E RETURN To A REAr r O-' t Y AN REPQEfl-SIV I1 v CONSE WENTt THOSE t l I ' Q ' • c· O l IJ l ' s WHO P D OTE TH SncIALIsT C uU ZST 4LLIA CE 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TO n - FRA lC iOGE THF R ' 'RE HE TO t A'' i GOVr iC NT tNCl 1 · TfJ Pr ON THE Q J HM D S0 I f g V TH 6 T H I 0 IJ I I II Cr 1 L fI i- r CF • aUT i r Ht BELIEVES IN THE cn ON p u •• A E HAVE iT LE HO ·I R ASON TO CO CLUDE THAT H n S IT AMD IF H IS PRE PARED TO I T THE PCF PII TlC1 PtrE F r li -' I' ·'Pt T6T O 1 OF THAT PR0G AM HE IS ITI G A PRESCRl TION FOR AYE OF POLITIC61 REACT%ON TH T IS I E Y TO eNGU F HIS GOVER 1 NT ANO '0_ H TH pp '1C S HANn IF E HAS COME TO pn R OT ER I T N S coq Tn Tf-A FFa-NCE u p T g T OUGH T Iq SUPPC T TURt TO fINn SUP S T I TU T e IJPPiJ T APART' O l COMHUNIST p CE WHER I L THE HE He 0 1 L L THE CO M N S15 6E - W LLING Tn STAND ey T A gUIlLv MHILE E BETRAys T EIR TRUST 'T E A SWEqS TO TH SF UESTI S ARE 08SC REI ALTHOl lGH THE ST UGG E Tn F D THE A 'S·· ERS IN RE1L L FE UNDOUBTEDLY OULO U DERtUT TH EFFECTIVENESS np A HIT RAND GqF AND PLAC IN JEOPA Oij THE FR'GIL COHE % N OF FRAN E'5 POLITICAL SOCIAL 6N CONO IC LIFE 6E e E' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 -------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 O ' BSORiT oS 7' '5'1 CO kLUSIONS • • 4 ' I t ' r Z2 Or e '25 944Z - f • ' •• - THE POSSI ILltY OF TH pcF· iR NG IN THE GOVE I G OF FRANCE POSES THRE TS TO US ATIONAL INTERESTS o A COM- PL ETEL Y Dt Fr ERE MT 'LH ' I TIJ CE' P 0 TIi E SIT UATI 0 rNOT ti f R WESTERN EUROPEAN COU TRIE8' HfRE CGPHUNIST PARTiciPATION IS POSSI5LE E A E P YIN FO THE VERY HIGHEr T STA ES IN THE FR XCH CASE CONSEQUE r Y UR POLICY MUS BE THE 5HRENOE T A O THf I AST A 15 GL JLiS lI tOUR CONCEfW$ M UST SE 14 ADEL II 15 T iI KA8L 'r' CLEA R T0 II E RYON E IN THE L A T' ANAl V$ I SIS THAT IS THE ONLY WAY T A THE DEMOCRATIC S9S EM • NATIONAL R INTER TlaN_L CAN O K WE MUST' NoT BE DETERRED BY THOSE WHC ACCUSE us OF INTERPERING iN «FREN H DOME TIC POLITICS THE TRUTH EMAINSTHAT SE O O ONLY •• - •• ' f •• ' • ' 0 ' Cl ' l t '1 I I j I O --- - - • ' - -S feR ET- r '1'''' - - 8 _ 1· ' ' ' ' '-' ' ' - ' - 0 I - ' - I ' T r ' ' ' ' -' _ - T - ___ - _ ••• - _---- --_ _ --'- - - -- _ _ -'t - ' - - - --- -- __ r - _ '- - - - ' -- - --- •• _-_ ' ' - '------------ - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSJ FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 j E-c g ' -- l C f§ i J ' • 'r _ • ' • ' REB577 - PARIS 12 1 51 PAGE Qll 1'7 260h147Z • ACTION SP 02' ocr' el ESQ l INFO 150--03 t0 4 Ie P 250929Z APR '76 PM AHEMBASSV PAQIS TO 5 CSTAfE WASKDC PRIORITY M 97 S E 0' RET SECTION a3 OF PARIS i2 5r DiSSE T CHANNEL to GE FWANY'S PO I ' CAL FUTU E THS FUTURE o 'FR N E WIL DETER INE THE QIRECTln Of U peA S CU ITY TlJ R J S T J E C 'l t cST 0 1I E 0 VERS SUGGEST THAT W w B O SHOULD I H I r ' 4 E URI T Y 5· M D Sf MORE 8RIDGES q o MITER RM lD NO 'l SH'C Hf Np V SE FRH r E'S LE A ER TCiMORRr W BE I I VE 'TH I 5 Ft F ec 7 5 lI UE e l' t rl Rl SK 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ESS TTFlACTIVE TO 'THE NIT O STATES SOy 6L E SE WE SHOU OT COURT MITT RAND ANO 7HE P5 o FOR THAT MATjE SHOU D ME IGNORE THEM THEy AR IMPORT NT PL At RS ON THE w 4 ••• _ _ _ _ _ ee n-' ' - --r-_ - -_ _ r 'r · _ - '' ' - _ _ ' ---' - ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201 -97743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11113 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of-St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 3 OF· -260947Z PAGE 2 PARIS i2 5i FRENCH POLITICAL SCF E A lr 1 'q Si40U 1 KEEP LI 1rTr D CON BUT I L C0 TACT S 5 H0 UtI' I N l ERL I f OU HOSTILITY TO THe SOCIAL ST CO MUhIST ALLIAN EJ HILE NOT CLOSII I G T4 t i'lO Dr-1 A ' f R'·iER RELATIONSHIP HTIi A FRENCH SOCIALIST PAqTY THAT I INDEPE OENT OF T E PCF ' TO DO T IS I ECDM eND THAT ReDUC THE LEVEe NO FREQUENCy OF OUR COST ACTS ITH T E SOCIALISTS SO LONG AS THE Y REI AIN l p 4L LI A Ii CE WI H T Hf PC F • IN POI NT 0 F FA CT OLlR TRA Cl RECt 0 SO F J R H l'c t L I NG I Ta- MIT TERR I D ANO HI8 PS COl EAGUt S SHO 5 TTit 01J R l 0 3 BVIN G WIT H T rl EM HAS FAILED TO CHA GE T I POINt of VIEW THEY ARE MOT opeN TO OUR 6SO 'lEO AnGUMf NT S Ar AX NS T T EI R AI L I ANCJ ' lHTH THE COM UNI5TS BPEC FICtLLY TH S IS MOT THE fINE TO ENGAGE IN A Drscusaro OF D F NSE rp CS ITH T LEADER OF THE SOCIA XST CO UMIST ILLI CE INOEED T ERE M4Y EVE R 8 r A II fa G T T H EII TC J I CUSST HE SEse I- a TTv I S J e s ' ITH ITTF RR V D SO LONG A$ E R ''1AI S Al LIED IHTH Tlit T 4 CTSOP 1 I H T tl • PCF SECOND WE SHouCn DEVOTE MOlE ATTE T n TO tM E OCRATIC PARTI S CP T C TeR AND t T THAT - FOR T E M MENTpm p e se ' T T - a S s T O F'OP f F't'lP ' I Met F' P CE I TH U T- Tn SK AND FPR DEF ATING T E SDcrAI IAT CO lST ALLIA CE T THE POLLS o I HAVE o PA TICULA FO MUL FOR HOW TH UNITED STATEs CA Ale T CAUSE OF ruE CENTE AMD RIGH BUT M PERSUADED T AT THIS IS PR S V TH UESTION T At· SHOULO a E PRE t1 cell P VI $ O j II TTE ' TI 'I l • U A' TO BEG I ' AN Sf i f R I G THAT GUESTIO S TO C E SE THE LEVEL ANO FREQUE CV OF OUR CO TACT8 WITH THOS l TIes so T AT WE seTTER UNDER S'T 6 m TH I ST ef 1GTHS t-J ' EAK---1ESSES AND 7 'Ec OMH END TO WASHINGTON W4Y8 TG 9UTTR SS TriE'STR GTHS AN EOUCf THE P EA I NC SSE5 lS STEPS I ' t' COMp ON S'i'RU Gf I a 'i GAINST COMMUNIST PARTICIPAT ON 1M THE GO' THIRO 'IE SHOUI-I I DDiH S8 U H J ORE ' OF OUR EMBASSY RESOU C ES TOl RD iHL YSt5 OF ' THe 'IMP'ACT O I FR4N E • WESTr RN EUROPE A D ' I L iCE SF CI 'RITV OF' A SQC AlISTI COMMUNIST COA ITION CONING tn PO ER I FRANCE RUSH •• t 5 enET • _ - · ·7 - • P' r I' ' ' 4o ' c· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431393 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445617 Date 12 11 2017 LI MITED OFFICIAL IISE • t r' -- t DEPARTMENT OF STATE Memorandum of Conversation DATE TIME susJkCT June 28 1974 4 30-5 30 P M President Bongo's Desire to Acquire a DC-8 63CF PARTICIPANTS Gabonese H E Vincent Mavoungou Gabonese Ambassador Mr Roland Bru Economic and Financial Adviser to President Bongo Mr Jacques Pigot privy Counselor of president Bongo Mr Daniel Richon Vice President of UTA U S A • Mr John Foley Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs 86 Mr Keith H ffm m Leg l Affairs Adviser for African Mr Alec Toumayan Language Services COPIES· TO Ambassador John A McKesson III Libreville Gabon I AF C - Ms Diggs V' AF - Mr Foley AF S - Mr O'Neill Jr AF P - Mr Linehan Jr EB OA AVP - Mr Ortman Export-Import Ban - Mr John W· Lentz After introductions Mr Foley stated that the Department representatives' were· delighted to meet with Ambassador Mavoungou and President Bongo's special mission Ambassador Mavoungou handed Mr Foley a lengthy note in French which appeared to set forth President Bongo's efforts to acquire a DC-8 63CF I AF • BKHuffman mmp Drafting OffiCI and OffirtTj FORM 2·65 05-1254 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I I - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743· Doc No C064-45617 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445617 Date 12 11 2017 J r • LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 and requested an urgent response to these efforts Mr Foley stated that the Department would have the note translated and study it carefully ' Mr Rich on speaking in French referred to the Gabonese Government's agreement with Seaboard International to acquire a DC-8 63CF He described the agreements whereby UTA would maintain and operate the aircraft and Air Afrique would use it on its regular runs - hen Pre i - en Bongo was not using it Mr Richon further described the ' ose commercial relationship between UTA and Air Afrique under wh2ch a rcraft from both companies are pooled and maintained and crews are trained Mr Richon sa d that when TA had heard that President Bongo was go ng to acqu re a plane t had been concerned that this might disturb the fragile UTA-Air Afrique routes and disturb the system Accordingly UTA had urged him to be loyal fidel to UTA UTA also encouraged President Bongo to acquire a McDonnell-Douglas aircraft which could be fitted into Air Afrique's McDonnell-Douglas fleet and maintenance operations Mr Pigot remarked that President Bongo also preferred DC-S's from his own flying experience preferring'to charter DC-S's whenever possible Mr Richon said that P esident Bongo had become convinced of the necessity for acquiring hl s ovm a rcraft after UTA prepared a tally of Bongo's extraordinary expenditures for leasing aircraft in the past year ' Mr Foley said he understood President Bongo might already possess one DC-8 All three members of the special mission feigned ignoran£e about any other DC-B Bongo migh't have cquired _Mr oley ag'7in asked if there was not a DC-8 already n Gabon n wh ch Pres dent Bongo had some personal interest After a moment of silence Mr Pigot said IIthat is a private deal C'est une affaire privee Ms Palmer ' asked if the plane was not with Affr tair but receivedJ nlY silence as a reply In response to a question from Mr Foley Mr Richon stated that to his knowledge UTA did not maintain'the present Affre tair DC-8 Mr Richon also said that UTA had invested several hundred ' thousand dollars in a passenger pack for the DC-8 63CF UTA's expenditure plus President Bongo's unhappiness tm'1ards UTA about the continued unavailability of the aircraft which it had recommended made the company 'extremely anxious to have the sale consummated Accordingly ' he wondered when the aircraft would be available Mr Foley stated that act ons by the sprawling U S bu eaucracy on applications for export l censes took a long t me Wh le he could not state when a decision would be made he could say that he hoped it·would occur very soon • Mr Pigot contrasted the speed with which the xport license for the C-130 for the Gabonese military had been approved He also noted that in the present case President Bongo l1ad cleared ll the purchase with OAU LIMITED - OFFICIA USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2'616-07743 Doc No 'C06445617 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445617 Date 12 11 2017 ' r t' 4 • 1 • r LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 Mr Bru then pressed Mr Foley for more precise information on the impediments to the sale and a decision date noting that Bongo regarded the DC-8 as his own personal aircraft Bru asked whether he could advise President Bongo that the DC-8 was now available or whether he should tell' Bongo to acquire his aircraft else here Mr Foley reiterated his statement regarding the normal delays expe ienced with the sale of large aircraft At the conclusion of the meeting Mr Foley stated that the united States Government prized its fruitful relations with President Bongo and he requested that Mr Bru convey the Department's warmest regards to the President and our hopes that a decision would be reached on the DC-8 matter very soon I ' ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE r - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445617 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 ----_ _- - - _------------ - - - - ----- f jj ---- - ---- RELEASE IN PART 86 VV CAA61j FII fiBJC i872 on IWE IIGS D RUFHJA #0 135 ZNY CCCCC ZZH C311425 En C 0 H F IDE N T 1 A L 8ERL sve ZU I RUf l CS 1551j 1 'I 16 G' RUFHJAZV J J IS ATT N ceo H W TRANS 355 1 AND 2055 2 2 IS UNDER 00145 DF WFIIN 2e55 ZfJY C CCC Z ZH R 28 91i5 Z IW V 7 F USMISSJO BERLIN AUFHOL n E PASS BONN 902 HUEI C Sf C jTI'ITE JrISHDC 1 ZS3 TO BT C J F T il L F Tl0N I OF 2 BERLlN 2 '55 DISSENT CHANNEL PER ST TE A 3559 rHIS CARLE TRANS lTS n DE SENTI G VIE SUB ITT D BY j EUfllCE F OAo SUB AIR I USSE -i DESIHED DISTiHEUT ION 1 N DF T AGREE £ TS Rf F I 8F RLlI '0 l2 D BERLIN 354 PARA 6 WITH GOR 8 BERI IN 2 0 1 C STATE 1f 2 5 i' ARA 4 1 SU ·j lr f Y P1CO HEXT Fo rHCOr p Ci FRG ODt' IWlIiTIC P I1I1TERAL CQNSIDEHATI CF FOLLO I G PHO OSlTlO lS V HICH t' OUI D SUPPL i' F r imfiF Til 1 DISBE H fo llor PHEl 'lOIJS t rE' · c t s t1• G r cI r '-CO ' J' ' -D' ·1 L 'l cos c qo · 11_ I 0 T r ' t· T • f' t ll' II 'dJ 4 HIGHTS FOR l UFn NS l Pf'S iF r J ns BEH'F E1J PRe ' D EERl li t EVE 11- pnl JCIPLE FOR U·Ti R PF iHOD IF FRG ilArSES SlJt JECT OF 5UC i nIGHTS t I LIES SHOliL D I'S ' 'HETl E R F lG IS REAI LY HHERESTED I'll VI BLE ALLISD i'j' F R r £Ri' N SERVICS IGS FOrt INDEFli ITE FUTURE I li pePH OUT PROPM L£ ·jF ED TO RAISE IGS FM1ES flGf I ·j JEXT YE R EVE ' IIn DUT I UFTHANSA PARTIG ' TI0 ·I A 'JD I LLlES S Ol LI OBTAIN RHiFTS TO OVERfLY CiDR T SA f E TH F FiW OHTI' U S SI CH RIGHTS$ 1'r r F £R r4p LY iHROur H GI R JOP J' G IGAO i lD l liF fH ATlOf f'L ilH L' SERVICES THANSIT ow I' AGRRE EHT E D SUr ARY - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - - _ - ----- -- - - - _----_ - - - _ _- - -- - ----_ _ - __ ------ --- - --------- - _ - a _ _ _ ________________ - -_ _- _- • ' ' 0 ••• ' ' F'RG 15 APPARE TLY 1I1TF NT ON RE CHJ ' G AGREf F NT WITH GDR IN NEAR FUTURE WHICH WOULD PERMIT LUFTHANSA STOPS r F RLlN O I ROliTE TO r OSCOII t IW EVENTUAL C lRqIAGE OF' ASSEI' GEHS fW LUnHANSA In' rJF 1 FRG AND 8 LI't-l WITH JB Ir CTIVE OF FUP HSRPJG U S PITERESrS PI r ONTf XT OF UCH tllJ AGnEEr'iENT t COtiSIDEIH·T OIJ OF' F'OLLOwlt G IS RECOMI' ENDED ALLIES SHi1 LD NOr GB l 1T RIGHTS FOR LUrrHfll ISA ASSENGERS BETWEEN F G AND BERLIN NOR INDICATE POSSIBILITY r GnMHIrJG SUCH RICiHTS LflTER TO DO SO 'lOULD SERIOUSLY rHREATEN VIARILlTY OF fI1U D IGS BECAUSE ONCE ALLIES CeEPT PRIIWIPLF OF LUFiHAlISA PMHICIPATION IN InS IT JILL er J1 qy DIFF'lC Jl T TO LIf1IT THIl T PI'RilCIPATlON SINCE RG POF PO RT EDL Y CO tHENT IF LUF'THMJSA F F TO CAR Y NO flSSF NGSnS nr n 'F E 1 FRG A '1O BF RLl AT LEAST FOR TRANSITIONAL ERIOD OF' YEAR OH TWO F 'j HAS NO LOGICAL NEED TO ASK LLIE'S EVEa TO r O lDE THIS QUESTION r- O oJ 'I IF' r- c NF VEIITlIELESS SEEKS ALLlED CO·I l I TJ lN NOW IF POSSIBJ lTY Of GflAI-ITING LUfTFII' S j FR j-l ERLIN PASSENGER lGHT LATEH i LLiES SHCiiii f o ' i liriEiHEn 'r G 1 ' i E LLY l 'NTERESTED IN Vl L LLJED IGS FOR lHD FJHlTE FUTURE • F THIS IS f GINNIt OF EIW OF SUCH SEqVICE Pf lr ' I BEA f N GUT LOSSES BY ORDERLY PLiIIJ JED PHM SOUi IF ' OT THEY SHOULD E GIVEN FIFH LONG-RAj IG£ UNF JUIIJOCI L r SSURAt CF S IN THIS ONNEGT l 1-J ALLIES SHOULD ALSO POI JT OUT TO FRG PR08ARLE NEED TO I ISE 135 r iRES GA r N r'IF-XT YEl R TO BR I G THF t' CLOSER TO LUFTHA IS PER £AT-I·1ILE FI RES I THIII FRG EVF tl ' OTHOUl' I UFTHA'iS I IGS 'I RTICIPflTI· N LOW PERLIN FARES WERE ESTflBLlSHED AS SOCIAL' EASURE IN VIEW OF SURFACE TRAVEL DIFfICULTI S OW THAT URFACE TR VEL EASIER UCH TRAFFIC HPS ALREADY SHlFTED ·Ror· I IR TO SURF' l CC liND ORIGIiU L JUSTIFICATION FOR RELATIVELY ow BERLIN AIR FARES IS SIGHIFICAHTLY REDUCED ANOTHER ·ARF INCREI SE ' IIl L PP OI1f1HLY 8£ NF CESSAHY SVF N IF LUFTHAIJSfI T A 'S OUT OF IGS REC USE HIGHER TIIIHI NOR 1 tL LO ACTORS ARE HEEDSD TO AREnK VEN AT EW DECE eER 1 ARF S MUCH OF BEA INEFFICIE CY IS STnucrU AL AND NOT AS1LY RH EDIEIJ U j TYPF OF AIRCRAFT AND l' OVE T J EGEL WlLL BE EXPENSIVE t I •J C • • - • _of - •• _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 _ _0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ --0- - --- _ 4- ______ ________ __ _- _ -0_ __ __ _ _ _ '__ C LLlES SHOULD OBTAIN OVERFLIGHT RIOHTS FRCt1 GD AT S4ME TJ E FRO DOES UNTIL ALLIES HAVE SUCH R1GHTS WE CAN NOT no t' UCH ABOUT' PHEGENT DIFFICUI TIES SUCH 1 5 10 H'-H FOOT CEILING MIl l AC OF Ul CARlfI ·lA lDIN l RIGHTS FOR r AT CJ RTER FLIGltTS A''iO GUR nOH DEVISE ' 'I 'S TO I P KE TROUl LE FOR OTIIER FLIGHTS US G CORRIDORS ' HICH THEY COULD Pl P USI6LY RGUt 1 4EBE UtE LATED TO SUPPORT OF nLLIEI GfI nRISOrIS IN tl'EST EEHl ll nlllE 'IH WOULD ' l HAIN TIIIIT CORFlIDOH RIGHTS AHE t T DEPENDDlT UPON GDR G 1 I T OF' OVERFLIGHT l11GHTS Tltl y COULD I NT RPilEt THEIR ACT ions rls REGULARIZING CORRIDORS FOR ALL ALLIED CIVIL FLICHTS HI THUS HtWE nCUSE TO H£ ORE COOPERf TIVE GH ERrILLY flLLIED OVERFLIGHT FRorl BERLIN TO EAST ARE OF COURSE DEPENDE T UPON GDR GRANT OF RIGHTS TIiRSE POSSlf 3ILlTIF S FOH I LIES TO nOTAIN RICHTS TO OVEI FLY GOR AR D SCRU3E J BELO' 'I IN OIWEH v iHICH THEY ' IGIIT LOGICALLY BE TRlED CHRONOLOGICp LLY I GDR Ml HT JOIN lenD AND RELATED IWT R ATIO nl lR SERVICES TRANSIT AGREEt- f H IflSTA Y ICH PROVIDES FOR OVE FLIGHT HIGHTS FOR SEI1VICES O l t· ULTIL lT q L or SIS BY GDR JOJ JING f LUES r s ELl AS FF G OULO onTAIN DSSJ ED OVF RF'l lGIIT RITHS tllTl OUT HAVING TO NEGOTIATE F ILflTf RI'·LS WIT H GDR LTHO UG II LESS FORIt AL SUPilL Et E lTr8Y I G rn EI EtH 5 MIGHT EVEtHU LLY RI t· ECESst RY FOR SUCH ITEttS AS ROUH DESlSNATlON S lDR t'AY iF RELUCT -lT T IOP Ift STA SItlCE THEY 'iOL Lj TH EREBY LOSE BM1GAH ING LF VERM'E THEY N liSE E G TO PF RSUr' S ' S I m J UA TO FLY TO SCII02 iEFELD nAnll H rIIA i j iE5T nE QU · 1 'J' f I I y OJt lrW THEY II OUlD R£CEIVE SUB S l H 1M SEW- FliS T OVF RFLY OTHEH COUIlTr IES AND THf Y to lGHT FI 1 D 1T ATTRt CTlIJt- T 8E Tm TE LI I E i' d JY OTHER CClll IT IES ON 0lJESTiCili OF OVEflF'LlGHTS ESUl TANT GDR HWIlT TO OVERFl Y US 'OL'lD PROFA13LY COST us LIiTl E IF ANTlIltm SINCF FLYl G O r us OUI D lOT S F TO FIT INTO Forn SEEASLE INTERFLUG ROUTE NET t ERLlr J sS lI TOR tiHtiRERT BF LIEV S GDR WILL GOIN IASTn REF C ALLIES VIGHT LOGlr ll Y REfER TO GRADEHT STATf tl l IT A D f'SK fP G TO U 'lGF GDIl TO JOI I If''STA EITHER I'lSTEr i OF O sn ULTANEOUSL ' WITII FRG-GOH 8ILATEIHIL I 'E f'iIGHT llSO REF2R TO rom UNDERTAKING I ARTICLE 3 OF CHAPTE 12 OF SETTL VENT C t ViWTION Tn PUR UE It IT-S P llA·TER ll PIR 1RAr S ORT tiGREF NENTS A' ID lll Ai· jF I' EtnS A LIBERAL AND NO JD 1S CHI1'il N I TOR Y PO LI Y 8T #001 NNNN UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472088 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472749 Date 01 11 2018 --- _----- - - - - - - - - _ - - _ - _ - - _ _ - - - - RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of Stat TEUG AM £ I' E'F 1 11 f · ' I I PAGe 0' 47' q l iNPO' ocr· 1 Iff·· B il s e CST A T S CA £ TO 1i f ' r 550·00 oe C 'Or iS105j'Z F' M' AHEMBASSY I NEW I i - SUBj CT' · DELH t NEW DEL HJ '1 9255 OUTSIDE THE DE ARTMENt I llilillili lillli AD YSTMENT OF S POLicy IN THE OUTH' 2 1473 AND i i FAM SECT JON 2 3 SOME ASIAN CRlsIS - I f·1 'f REF I w tl 'I 'R j I DoES NOT' ACCORD IN SONE RESPECTS wr'TH OFFICIAL' u s POLICY ALREADY EST 6LISHED DESPITE PRioR PRESENTATION BY' ME OF SOME OF HEREI ENUI'IERATED POINTS AND BECAUSE oF' OTHER RE SERVATIONS INCLUDING 1 STATE - ' · 'f' THE FOLLOwiNG IS A REPORT DRAfTED BY POL rTic' L cOUNSELOR l'1 d I' II A r CIf i' H I VE DECLi t JED TO APPROV BEC AUS OF EP EF' I r I · IT- I A E ·r FORTH 4 U t i- - ' m5 j I j j t TO' THE 9EPARTMENT UNDER ROVISioNS 'SET COMHUN 1C ATl ONS 0 'THE REFERENCE T IS MBrGuiTY JYNCT RE' ENT iLS '2- ' AT THIS ENDING THE WAR IAI 'CAPJrULAT ON OF' PAKISTANI 'FORCES IN EAST# lSI GOP RECONCILIATION TO LOSS OF EAST r lq' j 86 PERCEPTIBLE 'CONSTRUCTIVE INF LlJENCE UPON PRIORITy' us' INTEREST IN EARLY ENO OF' INDOuPAKISTANJ CONFCJCT Ar JD THRE d'ENS TO'REDUCE US ROLE TO CONTENTIOUS IRRElEVANCY AS REGARDS EMERGIf' IG REAL'lTIES' IN SOUTH ASIAo i Cl 1 f iN BRITISH ·COMMONWEALTH UNF'ORTUNiTtLY l'S ' WiTHOUT l' LE ' '1 f 1'5 vjEWS REQUESTED BY HIM SUBMIsSiON E PECIALLY 1 L AS 86 MILITARy ASSISTANCE TO PAK STAN TREATENS REM INING AMERtCAij POSiTION AND PROSPECis IN' INDiA ANO B NGLA DESH A D IS VIEWEb i '$ ANCE BY FRENal Y 'T' U RD COUNTRY 'REPRESENTAT j YES HERE NCLUD NG THIE LJNESSo NONET -IELESS i BELIEVE OF 'SUFFJCIENT SIGNIFICANCE TO REQUIRE I QUoiE CURRENT STUDiED AHBIGUITY 'CONCERNING PbSSI lt U5 ·fj rSECRE-'f NOT TO BE P EPROf UCEf ' 'v'tTlIOUT TilE ' _ - c 26'W · 0 o WAS HDel MHE 0 I ATe If 7- 5 1 NO' CCO-00 7i OI RI8YnON Ir ' EX j s i ' 255 i 5'1529 AC 'i 0 N S S 2 5 I- ' t'i 1 bri' NEW DE I 068 _-_ - j 9f llATIOHI OF TME I XECUTlv - - - _ _ '--'-- - - -_ SeCp ETARt - ' ' - - - - ' - ' - - _ - - - - - - - - _ - - _ - - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472749 Dat 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472749 Date 01 11 2018 ----------------------------------------------- Depart111e1Zt· Of State 'SEER PA E 02 NEW ·DE· I 255' 15 J S29Z P KjSTAN AND iel GOl INHiBITION AGAINST EXPLOITING MilITARy ADVANTAGE AGAINST WEST' PAKISTAN 3 IN EAST tHERE is NO PEASISLE ROSPEtf O ' REVERSiN OUfCO EI ALT OUGH DURATION AND COSTS COULD VARY WfTH PAKIST NI WILL TO RESisT THfS REGARD GOP HOPES OF INTERNATioNiL INTERvtNTIO T ND TO BUTTRESS PAKISTANI DETERMTNAT10N A D T US TO EXTE D ' OSTILfTrESo GENERAL MANEKSHAW MAINTAINS US POSTURE WORKS AGAINST' SURRENDER SOONEST IN EAST· NEW DELHI DAO 221810 40 iN HESf US MAY BE ABLE A I To BEST' SERVE' GOP NEEDS AND US INTERESTS BY SHARING 'CANDID US ASSESSNEN OF DESPERATE MILITARY OUTLOOKg AND BY' PRIV A TELY ACKNOWLEDGiNG US iNABIL rrv TO 'SUPPORT PAKISTAN IN HOPELESS WAR O REVISiON OR REVENGEi AND IBl YO STRENGTHEN Gal MODERATES BY EARLY us ACKNOWLEDGEMENT OF · BANGLA DESH REALITIES AND BY FIRM US POSiTION AGAINST ' ERRIp TORjAL CQUISITIONSg THIS REGARD ANY MARciIN ' IHP ci ON INDliN HA Ki OF CONTINJING POSTURE OF CALCULATED UNtERTAINTY'OF us Rea SPONSE IS OUTWEIGHED BY IAI COSTS TO US INTERES1S IN INDIA AND eANG A DESHI 181 RISK 6F PROLONGING AND ExTENDING WAR THROGOH FEEDING GOP EXPECiA1ION OF US NTERVENTIONI ND IKl POSSIsLE PROVOCATION AND COVER FOR SOVIET MILITARy DEPLOYMENTS iN REGIO D INDiA S FROM PRiME MINISTER DOWN ND IN UDING MiLiTAR A O CIVILIAN ELEMENTS PREVIOUSLY 'FIRM FRJENDS OF USA INCREASINcir Y EXPRESS DESP IR RESENTMENT AND ANGER 'THAT USG COULD SUGGEST • • _ J • INDIA AGGRESSOR AND WOULD HOLD OPEN POSSIBILITY OF PROVIDING AKIST N DIRECT INDIRECT AND OVERT CO ERT M LrrARY' AS WELL AS DIPLOH TIC SUPPORT AT THIS JUNCTUREc ENEMIES OF AMERICA AREI OF COURSEJ EBULLIENT IN ANTICIPATION OF WHAT ALL INDiA RA610 tH R CTE izED DECEMBER i2 AS QTE ALIENATION OF INDI F OH MERIC OR DECADES YO COME UNQTEo 60 DOlJS'I'LESS IT IJLl 'TAKE TIf1E TO REPAIR INDO AMERICAN RELATIONSJ BUT FIRST WE NEED TO ARREST DETE IORAtIO IF WE ARE TO BE EFFECTIVE iN'WORKiNG AGAINST HAR THIS REGARD WE URGE i AI 'FULL SUPPORT' iN UN I TED N A TrOr Js paR 'CEASE of IRE BASED ON EM RGING REALlTY OF 6ANGlA DESHI E Go 'UK 'DRAFT IUSUN Sj309 'I B I I ' MEDIATE STA1'EMENT REAFF'IRHING USG QTE ABSOLUTE NEUfRALiTY UNQTE DEFtNED TO PBECLUDE SUfPORT IN ANY FORM EXCEPT HUHANITARTAN AS LONG AS HOSTILITIES CONlINUE AND SPIKING NUMEROUS ALLEGATiONS TO CONTRARY INCLUDING OF US CONNIVANCE wITH JORDANI OT TO BE REPRO'DUCED WITIIOUT TlIE TJRIZt 'flOt OF TIlE EXEClHIVE S CRETAR¥ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472749 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 43 Doc No C06472749 Date 01 11 2018 • • I - • c i Depa1 trnent Of State PA E' 03 -SAUD I NEW De 19255 -' i'5 1529 ' ARABIA IN F·· 01 DEAL ' ANt ee PROMPT ESTABLISHI1ENT OF PRAGMATIC 'USC ' RELATro'NS BANGL oESH A0T ORlfIES·I 1 FOR PRAt'IC LiAisON 21 TO w r SIGNAL us r NTENTI ONS iO GO I ANO'- GOP AND i'31 TO PREPARE FOR' MORE FORMAL TIES 7' I 'J SU ID POL i CY ADJUSTMENT 'CAN STILL' HELP US TO ·CUT l OSSES AND ACC OMHODATE 'TO REALITIES OF INDiAN REGiONAL 'PREDOMINANCE AND 6ANGL1 DESH -INDEPENDENCE UNQUOTE GP lf • KEATING I ' • 'j I I IqOf TO 8E REP o ueEe WITIIOUT TilE 'j 5 IZATIOt OF TilE EXECl JTIVE SECRETARY ------_ ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472749 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472 889 Date 01 11 2018 -----------_ _--_ _--------------- 'I FORM DS 322 OCR NN I - -RELEASE IN PART 86 NN Q IFnErHIAL - SIP-RAY SMITH X2879D 2 25 75 S P- SLEW IS X20358 SIP - TTHORNTON ROUTINE ·NEW·DELHI DISSENT CHAN NEL E O 11652 GDS TAGS PFOR EAID IN SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE ARMS SALES TO DEVELOPING COUNTRIES FOR SIP-SLEW R SMITH T THORNTC THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEI T OF THE REFERENCEP DISSENT CHANNEL TELEGRAM OF fEBRUARY 19 1975 1 86 - I_ _ _ _ _- - ' 2 MR T OMAS THORNrON OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF SIP 'HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SUBSTANTIVE'RESPO SE TO MR HAGER'S DISSENT MESSAGE 3 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES I I's TELEGRAM HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRtCTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf AND THE' CHAIRMANOf THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FOR M PANEL COPIES HAVE ALSO BEEN SENT TO THE ADMINISTRATOR OF AID JHE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR NEAR EASTERN ANi SOUTH ASIAN A FAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR BUREAU OF POLITICO-MIL'ITARY AFFAIRS 4 AS YOU ARE AWARE THERE IS NO REPEAT NO LONGER ANY POSSIBILITY Of POSTPONING DECISION ON LIFTING OF SOUTH ASIAN ARMS SALES EMBARGO lO THAT THIS ELEMENT Of YOUR PROPOSAL HAS BEEN OVERTAKEN ¥ EVENTS WE SHALL HO EVER PURSUE BROADER QUESTION YCU RAISE REGARDING PRINCIPLE OF SELLING ARMS TO LDC'S AND WILL RESPOND AS PRUMPTLY 'AS POSSIBLE TO YOUR CONCERNS YY UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743-0oc No C06472889 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445813 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlneton D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 861 MEMORANDUM SEP 16 1975 TO ' FROM SIP - Winston Lord SUBJECT Your D iss ent £r om the Depar tment' s Policy on Rhoucsian Sanctions As a result of· the dissen1 you expres'sed in' your memorandum of July 3 1975 a mechanism has be n established o r coordinating the handling in the Department of matters pe taining to violations of Rhodesian sanc tions Instructions have been issued to all offices in the Department and to all posts that AF S is the action office on sanctions and that any 'information concerning possible violations sho ld be reported to that office AF S will be responsible fQr coordinating with other offices and agencies concerned and seeing to it t at ensuing recommendations are forwarded to the appropriate level in the Department I I In the second portion of your memorandum you urged that all posts be required to report any knowledge of sanctions violations by third countries Y u questioned advice given by L that there is no legal requirement to report to the UN information about third country violations L has gone nto this again and after having checked all UN resolutions pertaining to Rhodesia since 1965 has reported as it did before there is no such legal requirement • I OJ- The legal question aside you have stated that it should be a matter of policy that th US Government report to the UN Sanctions Cominittee any knowledge 1e have regarding third countries which violate Rhodesian ' sanctions I th nk you passed over too lightly the possible damage which could occur to our relations with given country if we reported to the UN that it had violated sanctions and we revealed the source of opr information Looking at the totality of US interests in that country t he price of reporting that it had violated the sanctions could indeed be higher than we would want to pay • ' ' -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445813 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06445813 Date 12 11 2017 - ' ' -2- two There are however means by wli1 h we can handle third country violations of the sanc ions First if we become aware of a violation we can depending on the circ tances notify the government of the country in which the violation takes place Or second we can notify the British Government which if it is convinced of the validity of our info tion can inform the UN Sanctions Committee or the Commonwealth Sanctions CQmmittee without revealing the source of the information 'This the ' wxD@p ar tment has done •and will c o_ntinue to do when warranted I ' ' · ·t · • I want to thank you again for using the Dissent Channel By doing so you ha e caused a deficiency in the Department's procedures for dealing with sanctions violations to be remedied · · · ' 1 - ' l earance AF IS RHB verkamp in draft 1 £ - '0· - ' - ' j ' 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06445813 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445857 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 UNCl A8SlFlE INFO OCT-Bl ES-01 nO-00 1004 R DRAPTED BY SIP • JAARZT APPROVED BY SIP - WLORD SIP • PLYOON SIP C IIKONTOS ' R 142000% NDV 7e H SEC8TATE WASHoe TO AMEH6ASSY BUENOS I ••••••••••••••••••••• I I 023904 ·'1 tRES ta 1 • UNCLA8 STATE 210a40 laSSENT cIot NNEL E O 116521 N A TAGSIPFOR UN SUSJECTi DISSENT MESSAGE DN CODRDIN TING US'FOREIGN POLICY j' EF BUENOS AIRES -I 1 e3 I· l I FORIL 1 IFAOM DIR CTOR SIP ________ I TtUS CABLE ACI NOWI I OGES· RECEIPT 01' YOUR DUSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE BUENOS AIRES 7383 ON COORDXt'ATING US FORo EIGN POLICY MR C W LLIAH KONtOS OF TH£'POLICY PLA NING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF' A SUBSTANTIVe EPLY IN CCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DlST lBU %ON FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUq C 8LE HAS BEEN DISTRIBUTED o THE OFFICE OP THE SECRETARY T E EX C T%VE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF TH PDLfCY PLANNING 8TAFP AND T CHAIRM_N OF TH rQPfN FO UM PANEL AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECR TARtES 'OF ARA AND IO fiI 'WE COMMEND 'YOUR USE OF THE OUSENT CHANIIIEL TH VIEWS YOU HAV ANb WILL REPLY AS 8DOH AS P08SlBLE TO SUBMITTED KISSINGER UNCLAS81FIED l c ' -A ' · F JIIC'7 t t r -- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445857 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF ST TE W shlnelon D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 September 9 1981 DISSENT GHANNEL Dear 1 ---___--'1 86 We apologize for our delay in replying to your dissent message Your views were giv n careful consideraticm during the recent period of preparation for the ASEAN foreign ministers meeting in Manila and the Kampuchea Conference in New York Your differences with our 'Kampuchea strategy appear to stem from one basic premise--that Vietnam has occupied Kampuchea in s'elf defense Your 'message suggests that Vietnam has committed 200 000 soldiers to Kampuchea primarily to protect itself against a twofront threat from China and that the basic problem for U S policy is'to convince Hanoi that occupation of Kampuchea is not necessary to defend its own integrity vis-a-vis China We believe that a review of the events of the past few years demonstrates that Hanoi invaded its neighbor not to protect itself but to expand its sphere of influence That assessment of Hanoi's motives is shared by the great majority o'f the world community as 'demonstrated by the results of the recent international conference on Kampuchea A striking feature of that conference was the series of Third World speakers who condemned Vietnam's colonialist ll actions Those speakers represented non-aligned countries which could not in any way be considered beholden to China or the U S The' Vietnamese Communist Party sought for years to control its Kampuchean counterpart but was frustrated by the independent-minded KCP leadership In the early 1970s or example Vietnam unsuccessfully attempted to exert control over the Khmer Rouge guerrilla movement through the Khmer Viet Minh who had been sheltered in Hanoi since 1954 Many of these same Khmer Viet Minh carefully trained by Hanoi - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 oj UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 j- -2- for fifteen yea s became key ·figures in the leadership of the present Phnom penh regime Vietnamese leaders have even admitted to Western journalists that they considered an overthrow of the Khmer Rouge leadership in 1972--long before Pol Pot's Democratic Kampuchea had caused any prob ems along the two countries' common border After the Khmer Rouge assumed power in 1975 Hanoi's machinations continued In mid-l977 several months before tqe most serious OK attacks on Vietna ese border areas Hanoi's representatives had already begun to approach overseas Khmer figures to recruit leaders for a new SRV-controlled Phnom Penh·regime To view the DK's attacks against Vietnamese border towns as a serious threat against Vietnam's territorial integrity wbuld seem·to take Hanoi's protestations too much at face value The Vietnamese army one of the best in East Asia and supported by a population of 60 million never faced any credible threat from Pol Pot's Democratic Kampuchea with one-tenth the population and wracked by factionalism and selfinflicted social chaos It seems more plausible to conclude that the weakness and unpopularity of the OK regime provided a convenient opportunity for the Hanoi leadership to fulfill its long-standing objective of a Vietnam-controlled Indochina federation Your message also 'places much emphasis on China's alleged hegemonistic interests in the region From the perspective of Rangoon we can understand this suspiciousness of Beijing China has been slower in cutting its ties with the BCP than it has with other Southeast Asian communist parties Legitimate questions may exist concerning China's long-term intentions Current trends in China's relations with SEA however indicate a turning away from the extremes of the Cultural Revolution toward a policy aimed at stable cooperative relationships with the governrne ts of the region This i 9 'true even in the case of Burma We believe that this is a trend that should be -encouraged and supported We appreciate that our own vie s of China's intentions may be more sanguine than those of Southeast Asians who remember dark episodes of the past But American policy cannot be based only on the fears Much of our policy is based on our security commitment to Thailand which is directly threatened by Vietnam's invasion and occupation of Kampuchea The other ASEANs have supported Thail nd not because of U S activism UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 as you suggest but because they identify their own security with tha of Thailand I Neither ASEAN nor American policy on Kampuchea takes its cues from China The ASEANs made it clear at the conference in New York that they are the leaders in this endeavor At the conference China strongly obj ected to some ASEAN ideas but the final conference documents contained all of ASEAN's key substantive concepts The ASEANs succeeded in moving Beijing forward a great deal in accepting their consensus view of a political solution While the ASEANs wish to prove that they are not tools of the Chinese they also recognize that China acting for its own reasons is one'of their most valuable partners in their confrontation with Vietnam Chinese military pressure against Vietnam and assistance to the OK are major components of the pressure on Hanoi The ASEANs understand that a comprehensive settlement of the Kampuchea problem must also be acceptable to Beijing I China's long term goal is a Vietnam which is at least neutral in the Sino-Soviet conflict But Beijing has clearly implied in diplomatic notes to Hanoi that a resolution of the Kampuchea problem would make possible the settlement of major bilateral issues Relations between the two countries' were poor before the Vietnamese invasion of Kampuchea but the tangible IIChina threat --the presence of 250 000 PLA along the Vietnamese border and Beijing's curriculum of lessons' for Hanoi-- was put in place after the invasion Resolution of the Kampuchea problem should remove the one major factor behind that military pressure and eventually make possible movement toward a restoration of Sino-Vietnamese relations close to the pre-197S modus vivendi In your message you suggest that we have underestimated Vietnam's ·resilience We have no illusions that Vietnam will be brought to a settlement quickly But the waiting process will be much harder on Vietnam than on her adversaries Vietnam now faces opponents who are its neighbors and will not tire of the confrontation The OK resistance effort which you mention is only one of the many pressures on Vietnam No individual pressure will persuade Vietnam that a resolution of this problem is in its own self-interest It is the composite of economic military and diplomatic pressure which makes an impact UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 The reduction of Soviet influence and elimination of Soviet military access in Indochina is a long term objective which probably can only be achieved in the context of resolution' of the Kampuchea problem ny effort ·now to entice the Vietnamese away· from the Soviets by offering immediate assistance or lifting of economic sanctions would only lead Hanoi to conclude that its adversaries had lost their resolve The coalition of countries supporting ASEAN has made clear to Hanoi that its dependence on the'Soviet Union an end with a Kampuchea settlement which would remove 'the main re'ason for Hanoi's isolation and of th present suspension of hundreds of mill ons of dollars in multilateral and bilateral aid Sincerely Paul D Wolfowitz Director olicy Planning Staff J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476059 Date 01 11 2018 co 641 7 0 2 8 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417028 Date 10 11 2017 I' j - r • ' p DEPARTM EN OF 5 ATE W hinglon D C 20520 RELEASE ·IN PARTB6 September 23 1977 MEMOMNDUM -I I TO IO LAB FROM Sip SUBJECT Dissent Channel Message Anthony Lake l v1 orv f f This ill acknowledge receipt of your dissent channe memorandum on the u s membership in the ILO Cameron Hume of the Policy Planning Staff will be coordinating a substantive reply to your paper copies of which have been distributed to the Offices of the Secretary the Under Secretary Jor PoJ ·tica J Affairs the Executiv e Secretary a·nd the Chairman of the Open Forum in addition to the Assistant Secretary for International Organization Affairs and the Special Assiitant to the Secretary for International Labor Affairs Your use of the dissent channe 'is commended We will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417028 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE WUhlnaton D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 December 9 1974 SECRET TO M FSI SSFP - 'FROM SIP - Samuel W Lewis Acting SUBJECT Your Dissent Memorandum Critique of The Substantive Handling of The Cyprus Cris'is dated Ausut 9 1974 -I_ _ _------- l In accordance with the pr9cedures set forth in the Department Notice of May 8 1974 concerning dissent messages th will constitute the response to your ' Dissent Memorandum on Cyprus dated August 9 1974 Although the Secr tary has had the opportunity to 90nsider your Memorandum the Policy Planning Staff takes responsibility for this ·reply in which the 'Bureau of European Affa rs also concurs I apologize for the length of time which has elapsed ' This is essen ially an argument about US prescience and US power You assert in substance that 1 The 'status quo ante crisis was infinitely better than the present situa ion and we should therefore have maqe greater'efforts to preserve it This argument br ckets the ime sequence of the actual crisis 2 Before the coup ' it was known that Ioartnide int e rui ed tp overthrow Makarios and that the consequence s -- -- - --- would be- sever have - stro ng US representations to Ioanhides 'would pr vented the 'crisis -- nevertheless foreknowledge was not translated into policy primarily because intelligence from Athens was at best conflicting and ·because the'USG was not' in touch with the decision-making element in the GOG SECRET GDS' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 - --- ---------------r-SECRET 2 3 After the coup it was known that a Turkish military intervention could only have been prevented by removal of Sampson and the Greek coup leaders on Cyprus -- strong us representations to the Greeks to remove' them would have prevented the intervention -- nevertheless foreknowledge was again not translated into policy 4 After the Turkish intervention it is a fact that the present situation which is tending to evolve toward partition of the island is fraught with ·peril permanent Greek-Turkish confrontation with permanent destabilization of NATO's southeastern flank and permanent 'opportunities for the USSR in 'the area1 -- strong US pressure on Turkey in favor of a tradeoff of Turkish military withd awal for federation on Cyprus can substantially correct this situation even if the status guo ante cannot be restored -- nevertheless it does not appear that these perceptions are being transla ed into policy Nobody would claim perfection for our policy concerning Cyprus but a different view of what we cO'uld have foreseen and Mhat we could have done is I think legitimate i In general it would have been very hard for the USG as a government ' to foresee the present siblcrtion' 'in'cdl its complexities before-t he--erisis and to make greater efforts to preserve the status quo o yprus in consequence even if our channels of co unication had been perfect Most people concerned with the area worried about status quo in the whole area whose importance transcended that of Cyprus The status quo on Cyprus however good it lOOKS in retrospect was based on second-class status for the island's Turkish population and had been repeatedly called into question since independence -- not least by Makarios himself t e SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 SECRET 3 It was clear that the two status quos were somehow related but it was not clear how they were related For this reason it could not be clear that resolute US action to preserve the status guo on Cyprus was the sine qua non of regio al stability even had it been true and even had the success of US action been assured The hesitancy which marked our Cyprus policy before the coup may therefore have b en inevitable or at leas natural ·2 In that general framework our specific policy before the coup was almost bound to be hesitant too Intelligence reports from Athens were·at best conflicting as you put i Beyond that as you also note stronger US representations might not have been heard in Athens But even if they had been made·and heard the long-term consequences for US policy in the area were problematic Ioannides might in fact have backed down and then been ejected in favor of a civilian government But we might also have been left in the center of a dispute between an enraged Turkish governm nt and an irritated and more entrenched Greek junta coming orf a sUQcessful coup on· Cyprus with very important US NATO facilities in both Greece and Turkey in j'eopardy Wi th the best of information we would have confronted a range of difficult choices ' 3 This was also true after the coup which clearly made Turkish intervention likely and some kind of US action necessary here was no real doubt that after over a decade of acquiescence the Turks were determined this time to set right what they considered p fundamentally wrong and necessarily unstable situation on Cyprus arid that they would not be -deni ed again ItJeemed Y ery_likellL tllstLTu ish intervention would provoke the Greek-Turkish war everyone wished to avoid But the question of how best o avoid it was once again comp ex Your advice judging from your Memorandum would have been to remove the basis for Turkish intervention and therefore of Greek-TUrkish war by pressure on the Greeks to remove Sampson and the Greek officers responsible for the coup Had such pressure been applied and been successful the Turks might have backed down in the upshot the humiliated Greek junta might have been replaced Unhappily this was not the only possible SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmen of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 SECRET 4 or even only likely prospect As you note success could not have been assured even with better intelligence' And another result might h ve been Sampson in the Greek-Cypriot saddle an infuriated Greek junta at war with Turkey which had' landed on Cyprus the US in the middle and the whole infra-structure of the Western security position in th e Eastern Med'iterranean at r·isk ·Or alternatively since Sampson appeared· from the outsec a very dubious horse with little staying power especially after Makarios' escape became known it was arguable whether any push'wa needed At least I think it is hard to argue that the range of ambiguous choices shra with the co p In this situation we chose to struggle for breathing space We sought to encourage the UK to bring the other two Guarantor'Powers into negotiation ·to discourage the Turks and reprove the Greeks without condemning either publicly in ways which qould only harden bo h their positions and to warn them both off war This policy was not totally successful in large part because the Turks apparently made a definite decision to intervene and placed their demand$ in London at a high enough level to ensure rejection • But war was avoid d negotiations began and in the upsho civilian government was restored in Greece · We ere·not entirely responsible for either the successes or the failures Whatever the Greeks may now insist But thts outcome with all its faults avoided the worst pres r ved·some·US capacity to mediate between two val able Allies and thereby at l ast opened onto a future cons'onant with broad US policy i terests 4 -Si nce thEf'''l'UrkiSTi J nte-rv e-ntTo1l ' I s-ee-trs Q'S'- - in essentially the course you recommend encouraging the parties toward a solution acceptable to them in the awareness that Turkey with its strength ned position 'will need to make the most concessions and that some form of tradeoff' between ilitary withdra al'and federation will probably underli any agreemen t enga ed Thus there appe s_to be no basic disagreement on current policy There is none concerning the perils of the present situation f ot US and Western interests in the critical area At the same time SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 -- ---_ _----- SECRET 5 ' I recognize we may have different views on timing and what the US can and should do ·It is apparent that the'road ahead will be long and involved a d the outcome uncertain But that is the real prOQlem we cannot assure a given oubcome by maximizing pressure on TUrkey or on a yone Both the Greeks the TUrks are aware that we do not necessarily espouse all their·object ve as a matter of policy All we favor as matter of policy is a solution that they the communities on Cyprus and the international community can live with Oniy time nd much more effort'will tell whether one can· be achieved • Still while there a·re few grounds for optimism there are' as yet no grounds for despair ' ' Concur ' wS' fl-1t M Eua - Mr Stabler 'cc The Secretary Secretary EUR - Mr Hartman 's P-PFP - Mr Smith The Execub ve SIP - Mr Lord Drafted l y x286l3 - Sl p 'l'WSimons Jr anc ' SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473516 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473835 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN FULLI CLASS IFlCA nON DRAFTER CLEARANCES ACTION OST-S ----- - CONFI DENTIAL ____ a JOHestmoreland 1 '1£ ' Ext 23 1 ' CO AF VlBEdmondson I F1S O' Nelll lISIA IAA J cr ln ley SCI SA e'aubieri AF DEasum CU JRichardson S P HSpiro-5V0ge1986aR PRETORIA PRInRITY 5 P-oFPRFr -Ih Dissent Channel INFO POST-S _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ E O 11652 - G D S_ _ _--- -- -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ TAGS OEXC SF SUBJ D i s se n t_M e s s ag e _____________ - - - - - - Mandatory REF Pretoria 2857 2911 State 146614 double-spaced TEXT 1 After 'reviewing the messages sen by the eAO and the Ambassador and associated documents the Department believes that the decision not to issue a puplic statement in response to the SAG's refusal of passports to three non vlhite IV grantee's vJas appropri ate under the circumstances 2 The GU program in South Africa has und rgone significant expansion during the past two fiscal years growing from a modest program in FY-72 o one of the largest in'Afr ica in FY-74 and one that apprppriately concentrates approxim tely 2 3 of its resources on the Alack Colored and sian communities Such an expansion and the important emphasis on non-white grantees certainly has not gone unnoticed by the SAG Given the occasional displeasure and perhaps appre ension such emphasis mus't generate the lack of interference' ' on the pa rt of the SAG has been rather remarkable I' ' 3 Especially I' hen vie ' ed against this hackground we think the Post's two main pOints are well taken namely that· a public expression of USGI regret at this poiht in time could endanger a high-level channel of communication particularly after Interior Minister Mulder took the initiative SECURITY CONTROl MAR ING '7 -- - - - -- -'---- --- - -- --- -- This mllSt appear o'n all classified telegrams and administrat ively controlleci telegt'Bms IT IS NOT CPTIONlIL r----- - - - - - - - CONFIDENTIAL - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473835 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473835 Date 01 11 2018 ' personally to assure the Ambassador •th at rthe SAG was not attempting to undermine the program SeGondly we agree'that provoking SAG retaliation in preventing f ture t e is a genuine risk of non-white grantees from participating in the prograrn• 4 The refusal of the passports could of course constitute SAG interference despite their denials that this 'las not intended SAG actions in this area will' bear close watching to see if they develop into a pattern of attempting to frustrate the objectives of the progra'm does emerge a thor ugh If such a pattern assessment in the overall context of our relations with South Africa would be in order 5 The policy question implicit in the CAO's message is whether the USG should not be playin g a stronger adversary role ' hen confronted with the SAG' restrictive policies This question is under continuous review and discussion in the Department But in this particular case I' e feel that v igorously pushing ahead 1ith the operation of a program I' hich is a tangible expression of our desire to maintain communications 'dth all South Africans is likely to be more productive than a provocative critical statement at this time 6 Regardi ng question of NIH Fellov sh ps the Department appreciates views expressed in both Pretoria 2857 and 2911 Since NIH program s in fact a competition Department agrees that access to competition and opportunity for final selection should be open to all qualified persons ithout regard to race Best means of accomplishing genuinely nondiscrim'inatory selection and making this clearly but inoffensively evident to all s matter for careful consideration in light of NIH program objectives individual country circumstances and U S foreign policy further with NIH and keep Emb ssy D partment and CAD advised CONFIDENTIAL _ - -_ _-_ - __ -_ _--- -- --------- will explore matter - ---- ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473835 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476723 Date 01 11 2018 rer ---------------------------------------m £f df IBENT IAl OUTGO ING ' II III III 1 1 III iii I d I J U-Ill tl U III 1 1 III ' D tltt'f F l 'nl PACE OJ oRIG I N I rq STiA H r SUtie TELEGRAM 1 3 52 5 5 4 IRELEASE IN PART 861 SP• 0 2 OCT-OO ADS-OO tS-Ol ' 9·963 003 R ' DRAfTED UY SIP AWOlfF PPROVED DY SIP PKAplA-N R 202303Z DEC 82 - - - - - - - - - - _ -'_ - - - J54257 210255 Z 138 fM SECSTATE WASHoe TO'AMEMBASSY TEL AVIV ea Nfl e E N 1 I' A t STATE DISSENT CHANNEL fOR E O 12356 3525 4 IL--______ ----l 86 CAP CONT 12356 OEClAS OADR· EG J 0 Pl O XF TAG S PEP R IS SUBJECT THE U S DIALOGUE AND THE PALESTINIANS NEED FOR AN OPEN L- ------- __ TEL AVIV 18662 REF L- -- ENTIRE TEXT ' 2 THAN KYO UfO R YOU R DIS S NT CHAN NEL M£ SSAG EON TilE 'U S AN 0 THE PAL EST I NI AN 5 NE E0 FOR AN' 9PEN 0·1 A O'c UE COP I ES f YOUR CABLE' HAVE BEEN DISTRIOU TED TO THE' OfFICE Of THE SECREJARY THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAT THE UNOERSECRETARY fOR POLITI-AL AFFAIRS' 'THE SPECI·AL NEGOTIATOR fOR MIDpLE EA T PEACE AND TH AislSTANT SECRETARY FOR NEAR ASTERN AFfAIRS WHEN COMMENTS fROM THESE OffICES HAVE BEEN RECEIVED A M010ER Of THE POLICY PVA NNI NG S AF f WI II COO R0 I NATE A REP l V SHU l TZ ' - 86 - -JIFROM SIP - PHIL KAPLAN ACTING CBNF rBENT IAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476723 Date 01 11 2018 co 6415454 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641545 _gate 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnp ton D C PART 86 0520 August 5 1977 DearLi------------ 86 This letter is in response to your dissent channel message of April 11 and your follow-up analysis of 1ay 10 regarding the' d cision to abolish the Sector Analysis Division in AID's Latin America Bureau In reviewing the history and rationale of sector analysis programs it is clear that improved sector analysis is important·to progress in meeting Basic Human Needs ll objectives and that the experiences uf th past years in the conduct of sectoral analyses have taught us a great deal about appropriate methodologies and managerial strategies for obtaining the maxi um policy retevance from he work once' it is completed The crucial questions are how much time and money should be spent to produce lhat kinds of output and how best to organize to get' the kinds of output desired On both of these questions there is broad agreement on many of the points you raise AID's Latin America Bureau and AID in general are allocating the bulk of available funds mainly to Purpose C as you define it relatively quick policy-relevant sector examinations or sector asiessrnents Aside from a few projects such as those in Boli v ia the Dominican Republic and El Salvador which were initiated in the former LA Sector Analysis Division there are no activities in the Purpose B category broader and more comprehensive sector analyses performed by AID and aimed at determining optimum policy or Purpose A category same scope as Purpose B but involving host country institutions with the objective of internalizing the proces$ AID recognizes however that many of the assessments of the past -- highly qualitative as opposed to quantitative -- are not sufficient AID has also made a clear decision to decentralize the sector analysis function 86 Ag ncy for International Development Washington D C 20520 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415454 Date 10 11 2017 co 6415454 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415454 Date 10 11 2017 -2- in keeping 'ith Administrator Gilligan IS annO unced intent of avoiding an overly large bureaucratic concentrati'on in Washington at is beg Lnning to A 4 J realize71hovlever that missions need some' important tN c 4 tao backstopping support in sector analysis from Washington ' J Will decentralization as it is being en visioned effectively undermine the prospects for useful sector analysis This is as you suggest a real danger Current studies underway in Bolivia and the Dominican Republic however suggest that AID field missions working with local 'counterparts' can roduce useful and timely results while building host country skillS in the process The Dominican Republic example 'is doubly interesting from the point of view of your comments on how to pay for sector analysis since it 'laS begun under the centralized funding' approach but' has now been transferred to the Mission and the second stage will be carried out as a Mission funded activity At the same time it must be recognized as you do ·that the LA Sector Analysis Division initiated these two projects and they continue to draw on AID' analysts and Census Bureau consultants who acquired considerable experience in the Division This illustrates the need for back-up from Washington that you emphasize There is some indication that AID officials are corning to realize this nee State 071531 enclosed for example contains an ambit ous plan and budget for improving and updating agricultural sector assessments which in some cases involve multi year basic efforts that would appe'ar to come clo e to' Purpose B o'r Purpose A type sector analyses Nonetheless the issues you have raised continue to be important The need for sector analysis assistpnce and the associated need for Washington backstopping applies to every region and thus to AID as a whole These issues seem especially pertinent in view of current efforts to develop a ne US development assistance strategy I believe that your use of the dissent • I --------c--------------------------------------------- ---------------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415454 Date 10 1 1 1 C06415454 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415454 Date 10 11 2017 -3- channel has increased the awareness of these issues by AID officials I thank you for your letter and encourage you to continue to bring your experience and your ideas to bear in raising these issues through normal channels in AID Sincerely Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff Enclosure Sta te 071531 - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415454 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446282 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 a - ' - - tr-' 'r ' - o '_'_ n _ ' -' 'DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnl on D C 2DS20 Jan lary 24 1978 86 Regiopal Resources Attache The American Embassy LaPaz Dear 86 1-1_ _ _I I have received'your di sent channel message on tin and have asked Harriet Hentges of my staff to act as coordinat r in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with dissent channel procedures copies of your m sag have been distributed to the offices of the Secretary ' the Executive' Secretary The Chairman of the Open Forum and the Assistant secretary for Economic and Business Affairs We commend your use of the dissent ch nnel and will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted ' 1 Sincerely r -t' - Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446282 Date 12 11 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446292 Date 12 11 2017 oprJOt Al RELEASE IN PART FORM 18510CRI IO·7SJ i o eR 86 F nn rli' 05·32 Iapt 01 t tr I I I i· i ' T AGS SUBJECT DISSENT CHINNEL REPLY US COMMODITY POLICY CA E fOR TIN REF LA PAZ THE A- --S 21'7 TH ECO OMIC 'BUREAU EB ISM HAs ASKEP us OR A COpy THE REPLY PREP RED BY SIP IN RESPONSE TO YOUR DISSENT 1 MESSAGE' LA PAZ A-S ·1'78 SINCE REPlY AS' PREPARE 'fOR YOU ONLY IIIE f1i'OULD LIKE YOUR CON'CURRENCE BEfORE RELEASING IT EB· tANS 10 USE 11 IN A CURRENT INTERNAL DISCUSSION r OF TIN POLICY iY CTIO ' EQUES TED PLEASE' NOTI r US IIIHETHt R YOU CONCUR f' - w a t ' o ' r ' ' JiIt #ltr'JJlft 2 I- 'A dI t ''''' '' UNGIiA S S'IfIED fI'' J'ttt_Ilt 'W' r ''ll11ot' f'OI a- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446292 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472894 Date 01 11 2018 - ---- ------------ - -- UNITED STATES AGENCY fOR INTERN TIONAL DE MI8SJOH TD PAll STAN COI f'If EN'ffAL Cabro USAIDPAK HEADQUARTERS OFFICE ISLAMABAD DISSENT CHANNEL 'June 61 1973 Mr William 1 Cargol Director Planning Coordination' Staff Department of State l Rm 7Z46 Washington D C Dear Mr Cargo Thank you for your letter of May 14 1973 I appreciate your efforts in providing a comprehensive reply to the questibns raised in my dissent letter of March 21 1973 While continuinglto disagree with the South Asian Arms Supply policy I am grateful for your explanation of the policy decision Sincerely yours 86 'I ' Regional Legal Advi or a Classified Subject to E O 11652 Automatically downgraded at two year intervals land declassified on De cember 31 1979 CONFIDENT IAL - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472894 Date 01 11 2018 co 64167 31 IED ·n U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 1· RELEASE IN PART 86 RE8453 1 i t52 4 Z --- - ISO 0 p •• o 15e 562 APR 77 5 Ooe0 1 W 10 4 I FM AAEMSASSY SAN SALVADOR XMMEDIATg 3997 F I D N T·t A L SECTION OF 3 SAN TO stCSTATE c 0 1 A5HDC S L AD R i I 1732 DISS NT CHAN EL ARGUt·1ENTS IE WOUL D AO'IANCE 'TO SUPPORT'iHIS J REcoMMENDATION INCLUDE 'CAl tHE TRA jITIaN FROM ONE BALVA ORA REGIME To ANdTAER IS A' ORE NATURAL T M5 TO CHA GE ue AMBASSADORS RATH R ee m u a Q 1522 6 'THAN PIO Ml'H1THS S FO E'a • l THE MISTA EN IM RSSSION THAT AMSA SAOOR WAS PURSUING HIS WN VEN0 TTA RATHER THAN USG IS GR %TLV DIHINISMEC ee TH WaG DQ $ NOT LOSE AL MOMENTUM ON HE I Cfl AFHi S0 i1l QU2 V AN0 Ch N AXI11 I ZF H ATE VE • CZA O PO I Y l EVE oI AG IT 1 XGHi Ii AVf I F UtE Jro c Ol'E EEi i kRT TD G f-m TIS S11 E 0 OE 18 J1 u E EFOR I j'S --XNAUd JR nON I Fi OPTION Al SO GIVES eE'l'Ti R 1 e b V RAG' aOTH-IN IMMEOXAT ANO FUTURf RA GE SINCE IT CAN u r 6E TAILOHED TO GeES ACT O S O ACK THEREOfF D Hi E P0 BS1tl IL n Y I S IH NI MIZ F iJ n AT US IU 55 0N Pf R6 0 NNE l ADVOeACV OF HllHAN R GHTS eO C Rf' S WUL uIllINtSH IF THEY 6EL IEVE PD ItICAL CO SIOERATlONS IN' ASHINGTON DICTAtED THE QNTIMEI REM09AL OF THE AMSASSADO REGARD ESS OF THE POI ICy I PLICATI0N5 OISCUSSe o ABOVE ' • ' ' - - tE ' NEITHER THE GOES NOR ITS SUPPORT GROUPS WA K' ANA WITH AN· IMAGE OF THE us AS A PA ER T G R ON H MAN RIGATS PROT CTXON OF Its CITIZENS -ETc F THESE OPilONS HOI D THE GREATEST R 1MISE - ·CONEID NT A ' y i i JO J J ' '1 ' ' •• -' - f ' 4 • --'-- - '-' - - • 0 '''' -''''''''''''' ''' ' • -- - ' ' ' ' I' - ' ' ' J • - • • '-t •• _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 • ' p CO 641673 I IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 01 32 SAN SA PAGE 02 15214 Z 03 Or 23 OF II· PECi NG liHATEVER PflES5URES UGHi EXIST FOR THE ROM RO AD I ST ATI O TO - f'Ur SL1E AN EV EN HARDeR C NE ONC£ Xf CFrHE - 9 XN TK ' NM OF REVlTY IIE HAve NOT L ISTED TH FROS AND CQN OF EAC UFo T E ACTION OPTIONS THAT ANA YSIS CA BE AUPP IED XF NECE 5ARY 1 Q DNCLUSltN rTHoUT GU ST a ING C APPEA INR TO QUC STIcr Ff1 OEriT Cf rI'E ' AMeA SADCR ENEV R f IGHi' s 'TO f EPl ACE AN HE DEEMS B ST TH UNDERSIGNED RECOMMEND THAT AMaAS5 DQR LrZANois TE U E EE EXT NCE AT EA5T THRODGH THE JULY 1 I STALLATION'GF THE RO fRO R G ME AND THAT DU ING THE NTERIN fERICD HE BE INSTRUCTED Tn PROMOTE HUMAN' RIGHTS S3U 5 TO T E FULLHST EXTENT COMPATI5LE WITH OTHER 11 CON ClJ Rii Ei C S • II I I CAPITAL RESDURCES QEVS 'OP FF I ' C A RIlS· ' J I POL OFF I I J I ua' XD l' seCRETARV I C AII 5 SEC ETARV 86 86 Il g PF FIe Efl I VIC co·t ilul IEJ' llC A lJ AIo I AT ONAL I TERE5TS3 AI PrlAfIE' ' I CAI GRDi Fn I N I r 'i 'I'D Q I I 86 86 I AXO l I USAID P OGR Ml OF Ul 0 I I PS l peo I FSR-4 I I F9 L 7 U AlD 1 l I F$R B I VICE CONSUL -- -- ' -- - • ' - • I 86 _- I PIC 86 1·l Te v us ARHY CONr 1 Jl i'1 - - - -- - -- I ' -'''''' '' - 'a' • ' 4 ' ·· - - t ' ' • ' ' ' ' ' ' •• ' _ ' ' ' ' ' -'•• oj _ ' 04 - 1 •• ' - - L ' ' - i ' 86 -Il to - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 CO 6416731 IED ------ - - -o- - -- ----------- _ _ _ _ _ _ ___c_ - i U S Department of State Case No F-2016-Q7743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 PAGE 03 SAN SA 01 32 e3 OF 3 --------- ---_ _ _---J-l F' sRu lt 4 i 1 1 D I S 86 86 ----------_______ IFSSO 7 --------____ ---- l DAD 1 j ______________ I · IR S CREThRY '---------_ ___ Jl VICE CONSU r T FSS S SE i1 TARY J 86 tI 86 OZAr O • ' t • I ' ' i 1 1 j • ' '1-11 ' ii • t 1 I 1 J I ' 1 I' 1 - -- 1 'j j ' - - ' ••• C ' II i f J f i ·CONP O NTI A ' ' - ' 1I I I ' t - ' i· ·· ' - - ' - r • • ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416731 Date 10 11 2017 -----------------------i CO 641694 5 IED u s Department of State' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 -'--'- -' -' - ' _ _ - - - _ --- ------ -- _-- - - RELEASE IN FULL j ' i Et 'i F J S IZ t 77 5'1- ' 1 c 7S i7S - 'r I ' C' -1'''r'' 1 1 -' 1 1 ' r'O - ' -1 ' - - - 'r Cr _· 1 T O - l' - 1A e '-1 _' '-' ' - -O ' '- c - IKR-27 5Ar-e0 -Y'·'I' U- L i- 1'TID r' ' '- -1-' 'L' l J ' w AP OV r y Cj - hLU a '1 Ci ' '-·U 'i' '- l I' r '- E- Z - -e8 - • - P -Z5 ' ' r l I- -- NSCl-2 jc - o £ s F- AEL r 1 DR I C' SC f Y l VI S r ' f i - F D'1 I C U 0 __ ----------------27 2 3 22 1 Z 172 EA II E CCLfI l·H'I IA ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416945 IED · - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 - --- -- - '-' AV- 2 77 - ----- J3 SSIi B 2179 ' oIA '2f ' CON5'IDSNTIAL WARSA ACTION EUR-12 INFC P9179 01 OF @3' 1112Z7Z I OCT-01 ISO 00 CIAE-Z0 DODE-00 PM-05 R-01 IN -e7 1-03 NSAE-0Z NSC-0S PA-01 PES-01 Sp-e2 55-15 U$IA-06 Xr -e2 027 Aln-05 OPIC-C3 E -08 FRR-0 511-01 OMF-01 COME-00 LA -04 EA-el ' 1 ------------------ 72277 P R 1110 lZ OV 77 FM A EMEASSY tA SA TO S3CSTATE WASEDC PRIOEITY 1520 INFO A IM AS5Y·MOSC01 At4CON S PL T S -00 AGRE-0 K AKO v 1112412 11 POrCE POZNAN POUCH· CON F I r NT' A L SECTION 1 OF 3 WARSAW 8179 A CCNSUL EO l1E52 DS TAGS INT GCV ICON IAG ShUM PL US U3 SU BJ POLJ lD IN Mn -AUTU I ·J 1977 -- Af ASSESSr'iENT 1 flH'ii' Aity 11 'l' If· rlE EAGI '-liE AP AI r THL OLI E FO ULA MOO D THE PO SI3IL TY OF A 3REAiDOWN IN CIVIL ORDE AS INTFR HEARS AND TEE STAT OF THE ICO O Y jO ENS WE IYAMINE OME O TEF APP 0AEC TAK i 3Y P '·j UiC1IASJ lGLY L _ E P z AFFL in LI-ft Tli1 SFI 'I'Q CON' 'A TEE MOlj fTI IG PHE uRE OT POPULA DISCONTr T AND CONCLl l 1 ThAT T2 US FAS A STA I H LFIN THE P01I HJpYOPLI GET EROUGH T6E WI TER AND S EI G TO THE FrT EARVIST A J I HELPING K E A MODE2ATE F GIME LI 3 T AT E ADED BY FD ARD GI2REK I OFFICE EN SUMMA3Y 2 jv 0F F u n 10RE· ' 'iT E A 1 FR01 i OU OLI H SOU RCES THAT T S 3 U FLY O -00 AND run At Dt COt HOHIN'I1Y POPULAR MO ALZ HAV3 EVEli 3EEN WORSE THI EVAL ATION IS NO TO I TAKEN LITERALLY 3rT Th ' P IO D O GIERF 'S LEADI RSEI CONFIDF XTIAL A 1 PAGI f2 ' CO · ' J DfN T I IT DOES AFPLY FOR LE S f1EAT IS WA SAW 0$179 01 OF 03 111207Z AVAILA3LE AND LINES I FRONT OF THE SHOPS A E LONGER TB AT ANY TIME DURING TH PAST SFVE YEARS ARSA S822 srn Jv lr C O I 'IC - ' r 't 6V _ Otl- ' -h· 1 ' 1 1 J _ '0 r 'l 1 iJl j C __ _Atp'T H rp _ J- j 'I 'I ·1j 1 V'S' _1 ' ___ 10 TO FI D A COMFA A3LY 3AD PERIOD STRI GE T RATIONING OF COAL YO HOGSEF0LDZRS AND EFFORTS AND EXRO TATIONS O rcONOt1I Z O 2L C'j1R Ie I'l'Y t EAE AFFECTED 'rEI OPUL G MOOD LESS 'PEA I Ti- Z' ' lIGF ' ' EAVE ONLY I' CAUS'E OCTOBER P_ND EA LY i· OVI 'SE EI' V i Ef r 1ILD AND OST1Y 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3 TEINl If OULD OP R TE 7ECNGLY F OUG F lND TEOS CJ CrM5TANCESt TO DISSIlr 'iT 'O 'l PR l 1- ·r8Tp L ' Ar DOi C0U ID TIAL • OF TEE ORDEr 0 Tr l A n'i'I' ·DI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416945 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 CO -a'IDLN IAL OLA ILE SOCI TY 1 TE 0S CT Glr-' -''3 t L A D - - l N XT ON t F IOD 7JR T ErOR JAi 'AGr '1'11 L IS TEAT UT T AT Ii 11L J AN ANXIOUS AND tNS T l O AND FO TEE FOR TEI V UL I T P CF · · EO i'J J HO li ' ' ' r T T1- 'E P01i F 30ILE --1 h J FI · LLY ' ' E' y AND FOR S E JP CAf L Ifi If IN CO t P- 'ZT1LY OF A C I RFAC IC W ICE lETTZR JUEGM NT MIGET GET O OF ND AND 2E0UIRi TE SCVIE S CO PLETEL A AINST TEiIR DFSTE S TO OVE TN PHYSICALLY AND SECURE THE EYSTONI OF E I ULr OUT T Z TH '10 i1UDDLE ·1'f - ·· nCH T - S DFS COR C POfSI ILI Y VE Y ODY' SrA M I I 16 CO F ON D WIT THE POTENTIAL D NG3H or AN EXPLOS JK I POLAND I IS OSSI3L TO SE3U1 AND SAY 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TEI QUESTION D HAT TEI us SEOULD DO WE E VF A IN R ST IN DOfNq HAT Wi FAEONA3LY CAN TO HSLP rCEESTALL A FU THiR SE IO S DET RIO TIO IN POLANJ ANY BE A DOWN IN U3LIC ORDE IC5 WOULD RISK OV RVZNTION OULD EAVi E CUSSION5 TAB 3FYO D O AND'S ORDERS E SEOULD ALSO T Y TO COURA IUETHEE T5E MODEST STI S TA¥EW OVE R3CENT YrA S E GI£ ND EI AS 0CIAT S I T DIRfCTION OF A o z LI3 RAL LN ENAL REGIME IF GIER K CAN OT MAINTAI EI S LF AT rst C E HCULD LIKE o S E 50M SIMILARL MI D D O RA E LEADER IN CHAE IN l A F S 1 7 E vI S I 7 0 1 t S 1 J s i 'i c Pi ' ' ER y I L1 f r G AL '1' EI S P Z ERE C BUT PCLAN 'S I SDIATI E f ARE I TE COl Oi-iIC t·1J WA SAW 09179 FIR T TR e lt5e0 000 OULD FI iAl'lCIAL R3ALi1 t o JD ' fE PR PA Te IA h U 3 OF S SIFIC EO I UP TE I3 SAGGI G CC OMY O 1 WITE t ' 0 D S'I'i I1E A ALYSlS ' rEE or G' NFIDf TIJtL 0ULD 0 - ' 'PGS F r co ' · lD O 'n Of S '£ 0 E'l' - POLI E CO O Y Afi I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416945 Date 10 11 2017 - ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 2017 CONI' OEliTU PA E 01 BUENOS - e738 lV 1714Z ISo n ' e4 IL _ R 1e14 6Z NOV 76 iFF4 FM AMEMBASSV BUENOS AIRES TO SEtSTATE WASHDe 3385 s N e N r A BUENOS URES 1383 5T DIe illillllilliilliiillililllillliili ' E • • -11652i os ·T AGS I PfOR I UN uaJC CT1 E A _' POL CY 'COORDINATING us FOiUIGN STATE 225930 B STATE 25S9 0 c 'THE FOI L OWI NG HAS BEEN PREPARE BV 1 - 1_ STATE 25zeal _ _ _ _ ' _ '_ '_ D US N 5556 I _-----l 86 ·R CENT CAa ES rROM THE DEPARTMENT CONCE NX G 'THE KOR AN ISSUE AT THE S TH UNG t DlCATE THAT A MAJOR DECISION WAS HADE WITH RESPECT TO US POLICY TOWARD THE UNXTEO 'NATIONS AS'DEDiJCED FROM PARAGRAPIi 1 OF STATE 226930 'THE OPERAnVE PCRTI9N OF OUR NEW OEPARTURa WOULD %N SXMP EST TERMS·AFPEAR TO BE c II SOME IS SUES IN 'THE UN ARE OF GREAT I MPOP T NCE TO US THEREFORE we MUST AKE ·EVERY EFFORT TO INSURE 'THAT OUR vtEW · POINT' PREVAIL 5 It THE GENERAL ASSEMBI V TO' THU· END WE SHouLD MAK C EAR TO SELECTED COUNTRIES OUR CONCERN AeOUT THESE ISSUES 'AND OUR IULLINGNESS 'TO RE EVAI UATE OUR REI AnONS wXTH TH M XN I IGHT 01' Tr lEIR BEHAVXOR IN 'THE GENERAI ASSEMBI Y ' AS A RESUI T OF THIS INSTRUCTION WE HAVE MAD THREE DEMARCHES· nr IN SU NOS A RESi ON ' IN NEW ORK AND ONE IN WASHINGTON v HICH W HAVE TOL D 'THE ·ARGENTINES THAT' 'THEXR AcrXONS ·WIT-H· RE P CT TO THE KOREAN ISeUE iOULD IF' UNF YORABi E· TO 'P JR VIEW ·HAVE Nf GAU VE CONSEGUENCES IN OUR Bl ATERA RE 4'PON 2 THAT THIS THREAT WAS MA6E WtTHOU HA NG THCU T tHRO H I I - eeNF BeNnAI ' -- - - - - - - - - _ --- - __ - -__ ___ 0_- _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 2017 d J CO' F%O NT%ALo PAGE 02 BUENOS 07 B iZ17 4Z ZTS CO SEGUENCeS FOR OUR B% ATERAL RELATIONS WXT ARGENTINA AND INDEED WITHOUT A PROPER APPRECXATXON 'FOR XTS IMPACT ON OUR leyU OBJ1 CnVES IN THE UN ITSE F AN BE' SeEN FROM SUBSEQUENT COM MUNI CA nONS E HAVE RECE%VtD FOR EXAMPI E IN STATE 2559vHh RECEIVfD 'AFTER OUR DEMARCHES WE WERE ·TO D THAT THE MATTER OF OUR APPROACH TO UN VOTE WAS ONE WHICH EMBASSIES AND ARA NEEOED TO CO l SXOEA FUL I Y B T NOT WUURGENCY t AS FURTHER NOTED THE SUBJECT WAS' AN IMPORTANT oNE-wRm II COUL D BE OIscusa o AT L NGT AND THAT IT'WAS IN FACT CEIVING A 10T OF HXGH LEVEL ATTENTION IN THE CEPARTMENT THAT THE ZSSUE SHOUI O HAVE RECEn D A' L OT· OF HUH-I EVE ATTENTXON B FORE IT WAS IMPLEMENTED WOULD APPEAR THE MINX UM REQUIRED GIVEN THE IMPACT IT WOULD 'HAVE ONCE ARTICUI ATED -THAT IT DID NOT RECEIVE HXGH-I EVEI ATTENTION AND COORDINATION BEFORE WE 'TOOK THESE STEPS I APPAL4 NG ' I • S cy J e - - EXIST MANY COUNTRIES ARGENTINA AMONG THEM WHOSE IMPORTANCE TO US CL EARL Y EXCEEDS p' E ER THERE Xt·teQa Wi THE G ES • THIS U NOT TO SAY THAT WHEN ISSUES ARE F G AT A NITUDE AND PE HAPS THE KOREAN ISSUE IS A CASE IN POINT WE SHOUL D OT EXERT AI I APPROPR%ATE CLOUT 'TO ACHIEVE OUR UNN OBJECTIVES HAT IS AT ISSUE HERE IS THE QUESTION OF WHETHER AN 'UNCOORDINATED e DI V XMPL EMENTED EXERCISE OF OUR PO ER CONTRISUTES TO ACHIEVING EITHER THE SPF CIFIC ENDS WE SEEK IN THE U GA OR TO OUR MAINTENANCE pF ooo 'R LAT%ONS 4 IN' 'THE A Hosr W TH OF COUNTR ES AROUNO' T E WORI O ' '-1 9- 1 KOREAN CASE THE USG CEcrCED 'TO ACT' FIRST' AND' THINK I ATER OI 1 0WXN G THE VOTING ' IN FIRst CO lMITTEE FOR THE EIRST TXfl S 'THE XMPLICATJONS OF PUICACTXO S BOTH %N n' THROUGH I 1 51 r J avt dli TERMS OF 'THE R EFFECT' ON TH _OJ T'CQME OF· 'THE kOREAN XSSUE AND J v THEIR IMPACT ON O R a ·I 'A TERAL -RE ION ·SEEM TO BE RECEIVING It c SERIOUS ATTENTXON IN WE L EARN THAT THE QUESno-Nl J j f r c OF NOW I HAT DO WE co' s UN -oXSCUSSEC U' APP ARS 'THAT -1 -THERE HAVE AL SQ S EN RECE ·T-DISCUSSIONS ON WHAT' AL I THIS FRANTIC SHOW 'OF OUR UNFO aSED TOUGHNESS MEANS FOR THE US · AND THAT APPARENTLY DIaAGREE ENT HAS ARIJEN AS TO THE WXSOOM OF THE WHOLE SANCTIONS POLI Y IT OULD'NQT eEEM TO BE 'ASKXNGTOO MUCH TO HAVE EXPEC' D 'THE DEPARTMENT ·TO HAVE DEBATED'TH%S QUeSTION BEFORE IT WEN ' FORWARD WITH AN INSTRUCTION WHZCH NOW PUTS US IN THE SITUATION OF HAVING TO DECIDE WRAT IF ANv eet UE'4T AL I II gt q - 'f YtLf - Ij -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 2017 - • • • - - - - - -- - - - -- - -- _ - - i -- -- ---- --- -- -_ _--' - -_ -_ --- -- --- - - - ----- - --- 1-- ' • - • - - - _ _ - -- _ ____ - __ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - I ---- I -_ _ _ - --- -_ i - I _ _ I • - -- • ce PIOE TU4 - ' P-AG ' BUENOS 138 SANCTIONS AR iU714Z ' TO BE APPLXED HO TH Y ARE TO 6E·APP %ED AND t f A E f k M I5° u t V f Ta D 'TO 0 ORE GN OVERNI4ENTS P ACE ·· J IN THE FIRST ••• ' ' ' 3 IN USUN 56se WE HAVE BEEN ASKED TO iiSTAND Byil FO'R FURTHER INSTp UCnDNS n' II OUI P BE USEFU ' IF THE QUESnOIilS OSED IN STATE 256900 ARE ANSl EREO BEFORE THIS INSTRUCnON XS'-USUEO IF NOT WHATEVER TH SEVERITY OF 'THE CRIME TH USB MAY WE 1 1 TAKE Tlig PUN SHM NT - - r ja-t yW - I' I SUBMIT THAT THE ROOT CAUSE OF THE PR SENT' AN SE ATTRXBUTED TO THE FAXL URE OF THE OEP R MENT' TO A 1 0 THE nSUE TO E1 DEBATED 6Y THE POSTS CONCERNED CL EARI Y -TO HAVE DONE SO WOUL O HAVE SUBJECTED THE PROPOSAL 10 SERIOUS CRITICISM wHICH WOUL D HAV I ESSENFD 'THE PROSASXI XTY O F US ADOPTION THIS' a AS' n· $HOUI D eE HC WEVER XF' AFT ER HEARING 'THE OBJECTIONS POSTS WOUL D HAVE UNDOUaTED Y VOICED TO 'THE PROPOSAL THE OEPARTMENT' ITK' A CI ARER $r% L' ISHED_ Ta GO AHEAD 'Xr_WO LD HAVE pONE SO XOC A 01' THE CONSEGUENCES OF ITS DECISION MORE XMPORTANTLY HAVING HEARD THE BJECTIo NS BEFOREHANO 'IT WOULD HAVE SEEN IN A ETTER POSITION TO TpXLOR ITS ACTIONS TO MORE ApPROPR ATEL V ACHtEYE us OBJECTIVES ' - i r J 7 'TO FARAPHRASE SENATOR SPARKMAN j' X 'THE DEPARTMENT DOES NOT TRUST' ITS POSTS ENOUGH TO INVUE 'THEM TO PARTICIPATE' IN THE TAKEOFFS IT SHOUI D UNDERSTAND THAT THE POer WIL L NOT e ' A6 E TO MEI ORArE THE _EFFE TS OF ANY R SU T NG RASHES I I InCHANNEl ' e ANBASSACCR Is COMMENT' REPRESENTS VIEWS ir 'f'· THU CABLE SENT THRpUGH DXSSENT p ' 1 OF FSO ZAMBITO ONL Y 2MBAS$Y'S WOWN COMMENTS 'O Str AT ON AVE e e E RES O N BA e i I'II L -UNCLASSIFIED' U S Departmemt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445859 Date 12 11 2017 co 641 7 0 2 9 I o_ y gepartment of State • u Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 t l73 II'DITIOH G5A I'PMR 14 RJ 101_1' 11 UNITED STATES GOVERNMENT CONFIDENTIAL · Jifad Memorandum siP DATE 86 t September 1 5 1977 IO LAB _ I 11-------' Director Office H ILO Affairs PROM I I I 86 I RELEASE IN PART 86 SUBJECT Dissept Paper The attached paper will I hope be considered in light of the fact that I am the only Foreign Service Officer who has had I IILO affairs since July 1975 The paper's content is based on my very thorough knowledge of the issues including my participation for two years as member of the delegation I would add that despite my close invol vement I ha'v e nevertheless tried to maintain a critical viewpoint rather than automatically endorsing each policy decision For example I dissented very strongly from our sending the letter of intent in ·the first plac and I have dissented on several occasions since then Suggested distribution SIll -Dale Good Undersecretary Habib A$istant Secretary Maynes CONFIDENTIAL -I' J Buy U S Savings Bonds Regularly on the Payroll Savings Plan • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 86 ' CO 641 7 02 g IED -- -- ---_ - - - - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 1 1 ' DISSENT FROM CONTINUING US MEMBERSHIP IN THE ILO I dissent from the US staying in the ILO for the following reasons 1 There is general consensus in the us that through June 1977 insufficient progress was made to justify staying in see Tab A and B See also delegation report signed by US worker employer and government representatives 2 Nothing has happened since then which would' justify a decision to continue our membership a Th C9 eht made by governments in recent weeks are the same ones we received at the beginning of our reform effort and throughout the two-year period They do not change the picture in any way The EC-9 letter to President Carter is vaguely worded and hedged with reservations It was stimulated by Amb vanden Heuvel and the State Department b Any commitment made by Blanchard is untrustworthy He has consistently given in to'pressure from the EE G-77 bloc At the June 1976 annual conference he·collaborated with the G-77 Arabs in bending the rules to allow the Governing Body to vote twice on seating the PLO we had won on the first vote we lost on the second Tab At the World Employment· Conference June 1976 he told the American delegation that the workers' and employers' groups had accepted Soviet-sponsored revisions in the final declaration this in fact was not so Tab C c On June 9 1977 he told us that his letter which contained language we wanted On the Arab-Israeli i sue was not going to be changed no matter what the Arabs said A few hours later he re-wrote the letter to suit the Arabs Later in the conference when the CACR report was being debated and was clearly going to be defeated in a vote Blanchard refused to adjourn the session even though Irving Brown AFL-CIO delegate urged him to do so It should be noted that Blanchard gave in to G-77 Arab pressures even under the max imum threat of our letter of intent when it would have been logical to expect him to be most responsive to our objectives If we extend the letter of intent our credibility w'ill be greatly weakened and there is no reason to expect Blanchard then to be more responsive or take more risks than he did in 1975-77 -- on the contrary we can expect less from him under such circumstances Furthermore he is up for re-election in 1978 and knows where the majority votes are coming from Contrary to the statement made in la's memo for the President's evening reading in· July 1977 Blanchard is not a dedicated international civil servant He is a politicia Finally it should be noted that Blanchard's letter statement if he should issue one was done in response to an initiative of Amb vanden Reuvel and the State Department suggesting that such a statement from him would be helpful - --- - -- __ 0- _ _ _ ' _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - • _ _ _ - _00 __ _ __ _ __ ___ - ______ _ ---- ----- - - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do N QQ6417029 Date 10 11 2017 - - - '--'--'--'''-''- -_ _-- co 641 702 9 IED u s Department of State - - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 2 c The'recent commitments by a handful of'Third World countries were stimulated by our request to the EC-9 that they make'd marches to G-77 members to get some reaction to our withdrawal Some G-77 were asked directly by Amb vanden Heuvel Colombia for example The question then remains with commitments fro m our allies an from the Thrid W r d o mi al Jl1 co ltent and so clearly st mulated by USG n t at ves 1 • We repel-ve d a demarche from Spain shortly after our Ambassador asked the Spanish Ambassador to do so Aug 29 why should we conclude that sufficient progress has been made since the June conference to justify staying in the ILO And what do we expect to achieve if we stay in There is a consensus in the us that no progress towards our goals can be made unless we find agreement with other Third World members on common objectives At this point we have no agreed-on goals even in the State Dept much less with US'workers employers and still much less tested out on EC-9 allies so we have no basis to reach a decision that progress can be achieved Clearly the majority of ILO me ers were and remain opposed to our goals set forth in the November 1975 letter We have no new goals There is also consensus in the US that we must find a way to ccommodate the Third World on structural reform if anything is to be achieved on other goals Yet we have no proposal even in the USG much less agreed on with US workers and em loyers We know that the Third World wants to take a leading ole in the Gove ning Body and also shift more power to the Conference where tripartism is weakest and we know that the GB as it is presently constituted is our best forum for achieving our goals Any change will be for the wors e We have no solution to this dilemma so an extension of our membership is like jumping from a plane without a parachute hoping we will land in· a haystack Furthermore why should we be making concessions be flexible say the EC-9 to President Carter after having been let down by the ILO Surely those who say they want us to stay in should be offering concessions to us I do not understand why we are trying to buy our way back int an organization which has just· made very clear that' it is strongly opposed to USG objectives The CACR report - described as the conscience of the ILO -has been rejected twice in four years It is interesting to note that in June 1977 at the end of our major reform effort we were only four votes closer to getting the report accepted than in 1974 and only gained 2% more of the quorum In both years we were far away from getting the necessary votes to accept th ·report Tab UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 702 g IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 3 An analysis of the voting records of countries visited by the USG representative to the ILO in 1976-77 shows that personal demarches have no impact Tab E Some USG observers have tried to argue that the 1977 CACR report was rejected because of ·the delegates' confusion · over the Arab-Israeli issue unlike the rejection in 1974 which was focussed on the criticism of the USSR The implication is that if it had not been for this confusion the 1977 report would have been accepted If this thesis was valid there should have been a sharp increase over 1974 in the votes cast against the 1977 report reflecting the Arab G-77 bloc concern about the Middle East Yet in fact in both years the Arabi G-77 bloc voted solidly against the report making common cause with the USSR which was cited in both years Tab The Middle East was not the issue in 1977 and in 1977 there was in fact· a very slight increase of votes in our favor During the final debate on the 1977 report the delegates were told clearly by the UK worker delegate that the vote was not only on the report but on continued us membership His statement was greeted with ribald laughter jeers pounding on the table and applause There was no misunderstanding as to what the conference was doing and subsequent comments in July and August by some USG officials that delegates really did not know what they were dOing are without foundation in fact Quite aside from the lengthy debate on the report in the plenary before the vote each member government had received a demarche from the USB and 32 had received a personal visit by the USG representative Delegates deliberately chose to slap the US in the face knowing full well what they were doing i e causing the US to 1 eave the ILO The cables that DCM Sorenson sent immediately after the Conference should be re-read now so that we do not delude ourselves about the attitudes of ILO members There has been no change in those governments' foreign policies They are telling us· what we want to hear indeed they are in some cases saying what we asked them to say is This especially true of the Communist USSR threat argument • which is unsubstantiated Tab and f c - The analysis of voting for the pas four years shows that there has been no significant increase in support for US objectives Tab II We collected a few ·Western votes under the threat of our letter of intent not because of genuine agreement with our ideas We cannot expect any serious support UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 02 9 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 4 from the Third World in the future the LDC's do not agree with us on substance and we will be perceived as a paper tiger with regard to our new threat to withdraw This lack of credibility will Of course be much worse if we do not have the AFL-CIO and Chamber of Commerce with us ·Tripartism was one of the poi ts in the Kissinger letter Shall we now stay in the ILO on a non-tripartite basis UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 02 g IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 Impact on Other International Organizations of Withdrawal from the ILO The memos written by the office directors handling WHO UNESCO ICAO IMCO ITU and a number of other international agencies are unanimously in favor of our withdraw ing from the ILO the agency dir ctor for UNESCO handled ILO affa·irs from 19721975 The memos point out that we gain by withdrawal and lose by staying in with regard to other UN agencies Attached is an additional memo pointing out that there is no adverse ripple effect in our withdrawal since the ILO is a unique agency because of its tripartite structure and its activities in the international labor union field which make it unlike any other UN agency TabjC It has an existence and purpose all its own and is only incidentally a member of the UN system I believe that any ripple effect and there may well be none would be healthy giving other agen9ies a signal that we will not automatically stay in international agencies because they are there Convers ly I believe that there ·would be a very adverse effect on the Carter Administration's policy of ·supporting and improving international agencies if we stay in We would be sending a signal that would actually contrad ict the position of the new Administration that the USG is committed to international o rganizations because we believe they make an important positive contribution to international relations If we stay in the ILO -- an organization which has been clearly shown to be out of line with US objectives and unreformable -the signal will be that we have so little concern with international organizations that we do not care whether they are useful or useless effective or just political debating arenas Is this the message we want to communicate How can the Administration go on saying that we support the UN system because international organizaions are an important and valuable tool of foreign policy while simultaneously retaining membership in an organization which has conspicuously demonstrated its ability and desire to work effectively against international cooperation despite massive US inputs resources personnel demarches aimed at halting these hostile trends Furthermore there is a glaring and fundamental inconsistency in even expressing concern about the impact of withdrawal from the ILO on other agencies 1 As Lane Kirkland pointed out at the CLC meeting Tab p 6 such considerations were taken into account before the November 1975 letter was senti if we thought that withdrawal should _ • _ _ _ _ _ 4 • __ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 not be implemented because it might destroy the UN system or at least set an undesirable precedent then we should never have sent the letter ' Cart'er endorsed withdrawal as a US policy on May 27 1977f ' 2 How can we use as an excuse for extending the letter our concern about the withdrawal-impact on other agencies while simultaneously saying in that very letter that we will withdraw in November 1978 if the e are not sufficient signs of progress If we are not going to withdraw in 1977 because of the possible adverse impact what is the credibility of saying we will in 1978 We are trapped in a Catch-22 We extend the letter because of our fear of withdrawal-impact and thus signal that we really will never withdraw the withdrawal· impact will be exactly the same in July 1978 and we will' be t elling the world by our extension based on fear of withdrawal impact that we will never withdraw Extending the letter of intent for one year this is a legal gimmick the kind we have been criticizing the ILO for For example we were severely critical of Blanchard his legal advisor and the officers of the Governing Body in June 1976 when in response to political pressure they manipulated the Standing Orders to allow a second vote by the Governing Body On giving observer status to the PLO for the World Employment' Conference after we had won the first time The CLC met afterwards and agreed that when Blanchard came to visit the US in the fall all CLC participants would chew him out for using legal loopholes for political purposes Yet now we propose to stay in by these same methods Our credibility in the ILO and elsewhere will be non- xistent I on this point of twisting the rules One of the four points of the Kissinger letter will have been violated by the US We will never again be able to criticize ILO members or the Secretariat when they bend the rules The idea of the extension originated wi h Ambassader vanden Heuve who has been pushing it in Geneva at a meeting with Blanchard and the EC-9 August 11 he suggested that 'fley ' L - J request a legal opinion for the ILO sinc it was not' possible for the US to do so for political reasons The ILO Legal Advisor later stated that an extension was possible There are already indications that some members of the G-77 dislike the one year extension which they perceive as more US threat tactics UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 1 I think it is likely that our credentials will be challenged and that our membership status will be entangled in legal ties for months in the ILO and or the International Court This is a high price to pay and the price goes higher should we be ruled against In any case it will be a sleazy spectacle the right of the US to be a member of an international organization being debated challenged criticized The impact on the US public the US Congress etc as these attacks go on month after month may be very detrimental to the overall favorable posture the Carter Administration is trying to achieve with regard' to international organizations the The ILO's legal opinion is suspect in early 1976 USG representative raised the idea of' extension with Francis Wolf' the legal counselor of the ILO and was told to' read the constitution which states that a notice of intent is for two years When later that year the ILO secretariat itself began talking about an 'extension the State Department's legal advisor informed 10 that it was not possible and we so informed Blanchard Tab K Meany Kirkland and Smith made this same point about the illegality of an extension and the impact of our twisting the rules when they saw Secretary V ance August 15· and also at the CLC meeting August 16 see memcon· and Tab Our July 30 options paper to the Secretary cleared by L states that an extension could be challenged on legal grounds· in the ILC or in the CJ Option 8 L repeated this in its memo of September 1 which analyzes the ILO legal opinion L concludes that it is more likely than not that an extension would be upheld That prediction of success is hardly encouraging in its degree of optimism L's memo of September 2 concludes with the statement that the extension would leave us open to the s criticism we have made in the Kissinger letter i e bending th rules Lane Kirkland said in 1976 Were it not for the weak and sometimes irresponsible postures assumed by various representati es of the highest offices of the IL0 1 the letter of intent to withdraw from the Organization would in all likelihood never have been written Tab In other words the US workers have publicly stated that the bending of the rules by Blanchard was the major cause of our sending the letter of intent Our bending of the rules now makes us look like either fools or knaves c UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No --- _ C06417029 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445619 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 Enc B Analysis of June 2B Note Verbale and Oral Statements made by Personal Emissaries The most recent indication of Bongo's lack of interest in maintaining good-faith relations was the b havior of his three personal emissaries with plentipotentiary powers who tried to obtain the export license within 24 hours and when unsuccessful called upon a Deputy Assistant Secretary in AF and made a number of false statements both orally and in writing For example Roland Bru the head of the delegation stated that he was only the advisor to Bongo and knew nothing about airlines'or airplanes yet our files show him as a Director of the Air Transport Company of Gabon Bru a Foccart man is bitterly anti-American M Richon another member of the delegation a French Vice President of UTA denied that UTA has maintained the first DC-8 yet UTA performed an engine change on the plane despite our efforts to prevent spare parts from reaching the DC-8 Richon is also with Foccart All three delegates denied any knowledge of the existence of the first DC-8 and responded with silence when asked if the plane was not being used by Affretair Given the fact that all three Frenchmen are close advisors of Bongo who has been several times told about the USG's concern about the u'se of the first DC-8 and who knows' it is a factor in our delaying issuance of the license for the second plane these denials are hardly credible The delegation presented a note discussing the history of Bongo's interest in acquiring the second plane see T b E The notes false stat ents are rebutted below p 2 pgh 2 EXIM did not offer any assurances of a favorable decision since they have grave doubts about the use of the plane p 2 pgh 5 Ambassador McKesson told Bongo during his visit in April that we had serious problems with the second plane because of the mi$ Use of the first plane Bongo was very angry - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445619 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445619 Date 12 11 2017 - 2 p 2 last pgh we have explicitly stated our reservations pertaining to mis-use -p 3 pgh 1 it was the which took the initiative to require documents establishing bona fide use of the second plane p 3 pgh c Bongo has told us orally that he plans to use the second plane o 'set up a competing airline outside UTA pg 3 pgh 2 Bongo did not inform OAU members only the secretary General who has no authority to make decisions • Moreover the letters from the OAU officials simply acknowledge his having informed them of his intent to make the purchase no approval was given pg 2 last pgh objections about Gabonese violations of sanctions were raised orally and in writing at the OAU summit pg 4 pgh 1 Gabon's attachment to principles of African solidarity e g support for sanctions have frequently been shown to be non-existent I' I pg 4 last pgh The lI undoubtedly circumstantial incidents cou d better be described as premeditated violation by the GOG of oral and written assurances ·to the USG concerning use of the first plane • 9 24 74 86 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445619 Date 12111 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 R R RIl loP I I Decen' oli ed f' i les O i91 -j 10 b Fil d i FILE 1 £$IG TI8N tv 10 A-54 CONFIDENTIAL P tNR 1ANOl lt'G INOICATOII NO ---II -' - - - - -1 TO '- F60 IRELEASE IN FULLI A I r Jj 11 '1 I 4 0 co P'RB AB TAR T A R ARMY NAVY INT '-I S- J USIA NU 10 - J v IY ' 2-- oso 2 C' Ie AmEmbassy ASUNCION SUBJECT NARCOTICS CONTROLnACTION PLAN ff f o vtl Asuncion's A-ll State 206403 BACKGROUND Info June 12 1912 I THE DRUG SITUATION IN PARAGUAY has long been a smuggling center for consU lller goods and the smuggling of such goods to neighboring countries chiefly Argentina and Brazil carries no legal penalties Indeed the smugglers--including military 'and civilian officials pilots' and business and prot essional men--have operated quite openly and with the tad t approval of 'the Paragua yan Government In addition des ite the existence o official Commission for the Suppress on of Contraband he overnment has turned its back on the illegal smuggli lg of goods int aragua y except for occasional moves against small-time bIlerators It is widely assumed that smuggling concessions given to various powerful military and civilian officials are part of the price of political peace in Paragua y In some respects» all of Pa ragua y is a free port a lS l 'ge percent age--probably more than half--of all goods entering and leaving the country are unrecorded Ports ef entry consist of a single international airport and a handful of controlled border-cro sing points On the other hand there are hundreds of miles of river borders and an es tima ted 600 uncontrolled airfields and landing strips CO 402 of which are officially r egistered with the Civil - Aviation Authority of the Defense Ministry po T R ttT I AeHon DATE Paragu SUGCiESTEO OISTRlaUTION TO e ' H FROM REF i '- ' til L ' ' 1 AGR I • Inlliol AMBI PO oeM POI CONS ADM ' US ·· • ' r- Chapgi ng world trafficking routes have put dr ugs into the I local smuggli ng pattern in recent years Some of the t ditionei smuggling cliques with foreign ties are now trafficking in narcoti c6 and dangerous dr s and in ParaguBiY they have found FII e AClio Tokan DOla -----______________ LL - -- -- ------ _ 7 June 72 j n l J or D p o rl tY ' ' _ h l tJ In DO Inltl t 10' 6405 323 D '0 r IIO d bl1- - - _ ' ' _ 1- _ ------1 'o 'r 0' ' n 9 0o 'o - - '1ft' IPh oon N o - -- jll l 'on 'e -a I d c II 'o JM POL JWl¥mms pDY ' ' CI •• ranees POL R - CD 'II USAID RWi 'JII -· GROUP 3 CONFIDENTIAL FORM ' arge Approyeo by ewin J EDON - TCBr wn BNDD GRa yner DAO DWht6 er CONS RJ 1lFber USIS RWW J MILGP Col ¥tT p -- - -- - - - -- - _ '''--'- '''' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 I 'I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDElllTIAL Pase Two Asunoi6n'a ' ' an a dvanta geous warehouse safe haven and transfer peaRt rrGawhich to move their merchandise to other points on the cooti bttt and eventually to the U S market major advantllfjltB Paraguay as a trans fer point are the porous n 1 e ot • t frontiers its countless remote airstrips its ce8 r South America the la ck of any legislation providins fir trim Bal sanctions against drug traffickers and the ind·fle1 ignora nce a nd suscepti bility to corruption of custoaJ _ police Officials It should be observed that it is jJ accepted in Paragu that protection and other as e 4 given traffickers by some Government officials - ' f4It this is very difficult to come by h-owever the Mati reason to believe that Enio Varela a fugitive fra tJ narcotics charges enjoys tho protection of M l j ' ' i Colman of the Paraguayan Arm As f'u as is knwn y Ie Wfj' wanted on any charge in Paraguay ' J ' ' Drugs involved in the traffic include h roin '1Ia Europe to the U S market through intermediate OOUD moving from the Andean countries toward the U S or o countries and marihuana grown in Paraguay and eJ P _ l and Argentina Marihuana plantin are Dot believed'to '- __ l dftiiKiDt or vital to the economic life of as y region of I ' also some trafficking in amphetmniflW smd othe substances though we lack deta iled knowledge of altA ' 'It Drug abuse wi thin Paragu is as yet minimal probab17 UIlIi marihuana use in the capital by a very sblal1 group of lOG 'llll people and abuse of heroin cocaine or amphetamoes it -• • ' persons Drug abuse is thus not seen as I nationliJ scetd of significant dimensions within Par l6U8¥ De i te ciGM educational effort since early 1971 1 the Embasily'Q the local pre5 s there is as yet no ne tional consene dangers drugs pose for Paragua y itself We have how WJr -t in recent months an incre ing preoccupation that Pa r _ too might fall victim to drug ab'lme Since the ortte4e1 tdtI l S that the Paragua yan's moral qualities constitute a s t t d g abuse such preoccupation does not manifest Ltsel' a ' ' ' The Embassy has been assured on frequent occasions by ranti 8GP officials that the Government is sincere when it says it wie hes t o cooperate with the U S Gover 0l'l tJge 'th' t JtAiI ' ' taken certain steps in this direction and as re t-lf _ _ ' this ye arrested three cocaine t ll'atfickers ia i1O ' the z eSldent BHDD agent By and la rge however tlw te' tDS ' more taJ k than action and much sare l'emB lns to ' before it can be said wi h any reQfJ ll egree ot ' i the ParagU8¥an Government has made a Hal coBlliitlsl 6e e'llln« ' ' 1' ' CONFIDENTIAL ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016·07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL Page Three Asunci6n'a A-54 of narcotics trafficking through Para guay The reasons tor Paraguay's rather indifferent record of cooperation can be seen in the natural inertia of the Paraguayan Government the paucity of financial and ther material resources at its disposition and above all the fa ct that action on the narcotics front does not yet have as high a priority within the Government as the United States would wish I I CONFIDENTIAL ------'------- - ---- ----- ---- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 ' I'cm ' CONFIDENTIAL AsWlel6u I a II A-54 I U 8 DRUG GOALS IN PARAGUAY A Long Term ObJectives 1 Reduction in the s ugg1i g of narcotics and other dangerous drugs into and out of Par aguay 2 Prevention of narcotics and dangerous in Par aguay production B 'Short Term Objectives 1 Reduction in the smuggling of narcotics and other dangerous drugs into and out of Paraguay 2 • Prevention of narcotics and dangerous drug production in Pa raguay 3 Extra dition of the Auguste Ric9rd ' Fre ch-Afgentine narcotics traffieke 4 General recognition wi thin ParaguEl3 particularly among key officials and opinion makerS of the need to t igllt drug production drug smuggling and Qr lli a buse 5 o a progrtil1 of action in cooperation with tne u s Governme t and the governments of neighboring countries to eliminate drug tra fficking 'through Paraguay as well as marihuana production Commi tment by the Paraguayan Government 6 Passage of the legislation alread y introduced into the Paraguayan Congress providing for crimina l sanctions against g producers and traffickers 7 Creation of an effective drug investiga tion unit within the Par agul3 Yan Ministry of the Inte ior 8 Improvement of the administrative machinery relating to controls over drug exports imports sales stor age 9 and Rati fication of the Protocol amendi ng the Si gle Convention on Narcotics Dr ugsadopted at the Geneva Conference of March 1972 CONFIDENTIAL - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL ' Page Five Asun iOn I sA-54 10 Extra dition of Ertio Varela a Paraguayan citizen who • has been arraigned in the U S for drug trafficking and is a fugitive from U S justice 11 Negotiation of a revised Extradition Treaty with the U s sp cifically providipg as the exist ng Treaty does not for the extradition of persons accused of narcotics offenses • 12 Signature by Par agu of the Memorandum of Understandip8 with the U S on narcotics coptro1 cooperation 13 Paragua yan membership in INTERPOL CONFIDENTIAL _ ---- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 • t •• - t I' ' ' i • • - • - CONFIDElf rIAL III STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE A GO Unilateral Paragua yan Actions As already noted the Paragu8¥al1 Governmept does aot oftilhU acknow1 dge the existence of a local dr US abUlSe problem the submission to the Paragua¥M Chamber of Dep-utifl Dr 1M Dx 2aiw of a draft law providing penalties for drug offenses IIiRII over the distribution 'of drugs in Paragu is a tacit that the problem m8¥ have to be faced 5 ome day The 1__ t reach a vote in the 1971 CO ngress and since the opeftift current Congressional session has been resubaitted to t8e ·ab • r Even if it passes this year it may well be SOl'lle tit ber J become effective as there are none at the present time staffs of those agencies responsible for carryinl t the provisions of the law will need to be enlarged 'ant t ainel ' The Paraguayan Ministry of Interior has selected an J sd Secretar y-1eve1 official to head in addition ·to hie pr a new specialized narcotics investigation unit within th Qi No such unit exists now nor are there any Paraguayan poliee ef'fttlUr18 familiar with techniques of narcotics investise tion Since establishment of the unit is allegedly dependent up n the et the legislation now pendi ng before the CO ngress and no provillilMl he been made for it in the current budget it 'wo·ul4 be e ly 19T3 ell best before the unit could function even nominally unleS41 t of __11'8 the U S Government were to agree to assume the starting eai s fll the operation Dr The Pa ra an Government gave its 'assent to the eBtabli d u office of the U S Bureau of Narcotics and DanserolilS 1II8lt in Asunci6n last year and this office has be'en tu nctiOBiG$ October It is too earl¥ to characterize definiti'Y'ely Uita G£ working level cooperation received from local police Deep te rumored involvement of both the Chief ot the Asunci6n Pollee tl Irth bY Chief of Investiga ions in drug trafficking and the lattR t u unfriendly attitude toward the U S •• however it '_- i 'e characteri ze'd as s atis factory thus far On May 26 2T t fw example three Par aguayans were arres ed by detecti'YH 10 _ of the Ministry of the Interior for attelllptin to lieU oG i ts C I cocaine to the BNDD agent in Asuncion 'Who had set up 'tIM Ml$ _ a1erted'the local a uthorities to the time and pl t'Q'il4tf has just been ipformed that those accused will be Reld u t r tb8 provisions of Article 79 of the Constitution state or 1 ' ' ' CONFIDENTIAL _ _ '--------_ _-- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 ' CONFIDEN'l'IAL Pase Seven A s12nci0B's A-54 legislation is in effect to provide pena ties for nlwcotics offenses then released re-arre ted and cha t'ged under the aew law as if the action with 'which they are charged had taken place after' passage of the law Paraguay signed and ratified the i96l Single Convention on Na rceJ'tic Drugs in 1971 but has not yet adhered to the amenwuents a dopted at Geneva in March 1972 which were designe to strengthen the International Narcotics Control Boa rd a nd without which t'lae Convention lacks teeth Recently 'Paraguay also sirned and rat1fied the U N Convention on Psychotropic S1 lbstances Fur ·thermore in july 1 971 Paragua y signed vith Erazil a general heal th e greement in which at the initiative of the former provisior s re ha a ni t-a control of narcotics and hallucinogens wel'e included FC iI • reasons unknown to us however Parag a y declined to have a reference to cooperation on nm'cotics control included ia the Jeint Declara tion issued P t the end of Argentine President La I1usse '5 Decembel' 27- 9 1971 visit to ft sunciOn It is widely believed in Paraguay that certain high Paramuyan officials are involved in dru traf't'icking thoush conclOlSive evidence is lacking and the facts in any event are hard to come by A number of officials are known to be engaged in other t ypes of smumglln® and circumstantial evidence links s orne i th knOlffl drug traffickers Presililent Stroessner has asked us to furnisll him pel·sona l with any information about drug trafficking by government officials but for lack of conclusive evidence 'We have thus fe r not eomplied wi th his request The President has stated that he has l okea into 'the rumors concerning the involvement of leading generals end civilian officials 'and is satisfied that they are unfounded and that those accused are innocent of drug trafficking though men pressed he taci t admitted that some of them lDight be involved in oth'er types of smUggling We doubt that his investigation has been m0re fian perfunctory and Thile we believe that he is disturbed the increasingly unfavorable publicity P raguay is receiving as a drug transfer center and may 'Well be opposed to drug ·traff i C ldng on moral grounds it is not certain that he ould crack d 0w n CDn offidals involved in trafficking if he believed his pewer l G sition would be threatened were he to' do so Meal · hile Para gua-yanAmerican rela tions which up until a year ago were ver geod have been adverse q affected by the ser iouS complicating factor of the drug issue • ' # • t· • '0 CONFIDENTIAL -' J5 • ''' t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 Pn'gp Eight Asuncion's A-54 CONFI1 EI 'rIAL B fer ttWOl1 Bilateral U S - cti£tE In view' of the fa ct that the aci ions by t he Pa ragl layall Government thus far do not indicate t I t i l' r egardti the C l'ug problem as a serious one 'hMd since Jts l ooperai i on in the fight on trafficking been minimal i Ii s elllS cl l thut the- U S effort to secure Coopl 'atlon mw t now he ctepperJ up 'll1ile we have recently made it clear that faiJ ure to oi la adite A Ug l it ' Ricord could ha ve serious consequences for Pl ragll Y rc hl wc basi ca 1 l y used the carrot ra ther han the stick P PI l·l a 'h ' Intil now 4or over we ha ve laid such stress on securinfi P ir ol'd' i xtt fi ai tion that the Paragu an Government might 'Hell be xcuse l for -t hinL il'lg thu if only Ricord is delivered the rr s Governwmt id II be EH til'lficd and 1i11 forget that the country continues to serve nz clrue transfer center Thus it is apparent thll 1i t he 1 j '' e h l 1 corne 0 tell the Para guayan Government that we will not go c'n tole L'Q'ti1l8 'their dilatory approach to the problem and tbat 1 ' t lwy V J 1 1 thr'liJ- re tatil IlS 1d th the U S they mus Ii attack t he probJ em rttpi dly a on l broad front wi th bolder and more effective Jl1 a 1 l S that f •flY th y he ve taken thus far Vie ghouJ d moreovE be r pfl F d o use 'ilatever stick we can to convince the Par tgltayans tlHlt W n earl 'busin ss Should Pal'aguayan cooperation wit respect t l tile OL'Up l'rr 1Jl m remain unsatisfactory' at the end ' 30 da ys W l should detel nlne vila t retributive' st ps are praci icabh and w rn the Paragl 1yun Government preferably in ·the person of Pl'esid n fJ 'l'oe sne't' hims· 1f that the U S cannot continue i'ts cClopero inn vrith I' l'flf 1 ay a the existing level unless -tithin a fixed tinl 'P t'i' d ' wloth t' 30 da vs Para g1 l an efforts to cooperate l fi th the u r on the drug problem show a DIB l ked improvement Should the Cove't'nrnent n ' heed this warning we should then begin to talte sc lp c til Via st pl'J tl evide 1ce our decreased coopera tion Possibilities in this regard could include avoiding public appe ance j i 'I co mection d til Governmentsponsored events withholding fello -H hi ls E 'ld travel grants from high-ranking Para guayan civilian and IIU Ij tary officill1 cu·t ting back on commercial cooperation delaying reducing and v t i i r ' l i f' ' r ev n terminati ng all economic development Imd tnil i t rr r Of-I ' l i u C' 1l 1tiJ cooperation becomes manifest Each succ l ssive St el' ' o J 11 l rl 'I aken on after evaluating its probable effect on bil' ll t 'l7i m GOVQrllment' s a tti tude--including any likf li hNl'l i s Co l c i ug the GoVel'lllllent to conclude that it mllst 'lot av rt a ' 'to ItC J 11 re$pol'lse 1 0 p1·es sure II our ability to' maintain useful 1 el t i ons d til those Paragua yans lfho could be helpful in dealing -litl1 the h'ug proDlem and the interests of persons and organizations beth Paraguay£l ahd U R which are not closely tied to tIle Para g 1ayan GOVRTmnent '0 ilUlll-edi l te self-interest Nevertheless no such considerationl'l should 'b llol1ed to inhibit action deemed necessary to secure the suppression of trafficking through Paraguay since the U S has frO natj o lIu interests in this country c omparable 'to our interest in co ntrolling thE 'traffic in narcotics I Meanwhile we should continue to impJ ·ove our knmfledge of and relations with those parts of the Pa1 'F lgunyat GOYe l l1Jllent IllOSt directly CONFIDP £'T'l'IAL - of' _ _ _ 0____ _006 _ __ • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDEl'lTIAL Page Nine Asuncion's A-54· invo Lved in dealing with the Urug problem--the police the Ministries charged with law enforcement health and judicial matters the cus toms service and th l military who control Paragu ' s f' rontiers and directly or indirectly all i ' is terri tory We would hope thereb y to improve our own and their intelligence collection push these entities to trute stronger and better coordinated action and encourage them to cooperate more effective1y with each other and oUl'selves in combatting narcotics trafficking For some ·time now re ha ve ' leen encouraging the Paragu ans to organize and train the specialized drug investigation unit within the Ministry of Interior 1'lhich they envision We have informally offered to help train Parag1 fllfan personnel using both AID and BNDD fUnds for this unit ·rhich initially is expected to have no more t han hal f-a-d02 n members The Hinistry has expressed its willingness to acc pt this offer and indeed one official who is to be assigned to the tUli t is now in training a t the Internationa l Police AcadeII Y · The Director Genera l of the Ministry has informed the Embassy however that esta blishment of the unit is dep ndent CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL Page TeD A'sunci6n's A-54 upon passage of the legislation now before Congress to establish criminal penalties for drug offenses and tha t moreover 'there is no provision in the current budget for the operations of such a uni t Thus the earliest date for establis ent of the unit yould probably be the b eginning of 1973 the Par aguayan fiscal year is the calendar year unless tha U S Government were prepared to pick up the starting costs and not for several months beyond that date could the unit be expected to be even minimally effective Under the circumstances it is probably too soon to consider what U S equipment might be IllB de available to the unit on a grant or sales basis Nevertheless it seems likely that eventuAlly eJ l or part of the following will be needed six radio-equipped four-weel drive vehicles six walkie-talkies six pairs of binoculars three narcotics field est kits one light aircraft the police now have none two 35 mm cameras with telephoto lenses and QSsorted electronic surveillance devices Though given the U S interest in the control of traffickipg the Pa aguayan sense of priorities and the lim j ted res ources of the Paraguayan Government the Paraguayans would probably be disinclined to pay for any part of s ch equipment the prospect of their doing so might be xplored We have been pushing for passage of criminal drug legislation ever since the fall of 1911 When it was first presented to the Chamber of Deputies and will continue to do so Most knowledgeable ' persons including opposition members of ' the Congress express optimism regarding the likelihood of passage during the cUrrent legislative sess'ion and the Minister of Interior has just told the Charg that he expects final action on the law b y'the end of the current month Such an outcome cannot be taken for granted however It is obvious that had Stroessner made it patently clear to the C ngreas that he garded enactment of the egislation as a matter of priority the last session of Congress would have taken the necessary action In addition to continuing the discussions we have' had with members of the SUbcommittee conai'dering the legislation we will endeavor to expand our contacts with law enforcement and health officials both before and after the bill becomes law In' pa rticular we will be in contact with the Ministry of Hef1 lth concel'ni ng the possibility that the Embassy ght provide assistance perhaps by the ass igrunent on a temporary duty basis of a BNDD adviser in the implementation of the r egistration prescription and other control measures contained in the law When the proposal was first made that a conference be held under U N auspices to amend the 1961 Single Convention on Narcotics we urged the Paraguayan Government to send a representative to such a conference and to co-sponsor or at least vote for the amendments Though we at first received replies encouraging us to think that our a rguments had been accepted we eventU eJ ly learned that in fact the Paraguaya n Government objected to those amendments that would CONFIDENTIAL - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 COliFIDEN'1'IAL Page Eleven AS unci 6n 's A-54 incl'cru e the powers enpecioJ ly the investigatory powers of the Internl t ional No rcotico Control Board those very amendments that would Bive the COlwention tecth Recent inquiries as to Para glla yan intentions ' i t ll l'espect to the amending Protocol have failed to elicit e ny commitment and it is impossible at the present time to say whether or not Paragu ' will ultimately s gn and ratify the docUtlcnt Nevertheless we will continue to press for Paraguayan adherence to the amendJnents an early date i e at As already noted ' e have ll' D de the ex-trc di tion of the French- Argentine narcotics tl 'e ffir lter Auguste Ricord a pri ne objective and a gauge of PflX9g l l yan cooper'ntioll in the fight on tro fficking Despi te OUl ' e ffOl'ts to In'j ng horne to the Pal'a yans the importance re attach to this C ¥le and t he unfavorable pUblicity for Par aguB¥ generated e s a TC Wlt of' ·the lack of action on it e ha ve no unequi vocuJ guart ntec th lt Ricord will ever be handed' over to us or eVf n that he dll not ultimately be released from prison scot-free On JW Je 2 La Trihwla one of As lUl ci on 's -tvo independent d l illes carried the c tm-y ti1'tit the case wouJ d not be decided until July 1hcn asked to comment on this Solicitor Genel'al Acevedo toJ d t he Chc rge tha t he believed ·the decision ould lJe handed do'Wl'l during the CUl'rp nt month and that it would result in extradition Acevedo hm evel' has proven on unreliable informant in th p t Jus t rh ' 1 11' NW' hM ill' R ecJ out for 15 months is not known to the Embassy Tne story most commonly heard is that powerful officials -are protecting Ricard clearly the line taken by Stroessner--that the executive and judfcial powers being separate in Paragua y he cannot take any a ction in the caSe-is not credible and Foreign J rinister Sapena has admitted as much '1'0 be sure for a va riety of reasons it is probably not easy for Stroessner to intervene now that the case has been before the courts so 101lg Although it would have been simpler ha'd he done so some months ago intervention even at this point in time is by no means impossible In any case the delay has been the result of gOyernDlent inaction not defense maneuvering Having expressed OUl ' point of vie on the RicOl'd case at the highest levels of the Paraguayan GoverlUl ent we do not plan to ta k any fUl 'ther action for the l resent but will of course keep informed on developments in the case '1hethcr 01' not Ricard is extradited we should as soon as a decision is handed do m press for the extradition of Enio Varela an accused 'nl U'cot ics trafficker who is a Pal'aeuayar citizen and eo CONFIDENTIAL •• 111 -- ----- _ ------ __ _ _---------_ • - _ _--- '--'-- - -'- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDEN J 'IAL Page I'velve Asunci6n's A-5 fugitive from U S 'justi e We have thus far refrained from raising the Varela case officially with Parag an officials in order not to complicate resolution of the Ricord case We have however made it kno to officials including the Solicitor General that Varela is believed to be in Paraguay and that in our opinion he is extraditable For similar reasons i e to avoid possible complications in securing Ricord' s extradition we have not thus far broached offici·ally the question of a new extradition treaty but the Paragu an Under Secretary for Foreign Affairs speaking extra-officially recently told the Charg that hoped the U S would take the initiative on a new treaty as soon as the Ricord case is resolved The present treaty which dates from 1913 and makes no mention of narcotics offenses is manifestly unsatisfactory and we have' concurred in a s u ggestion made by the Department that informal· discussions leading ultimately to the negotiation of a new one might be held this coming fall he Eventually we may wish to sound out Paragu an educational authorities·on the desirability of including anti-drug abuse material perhaps provided by the U S in· the ParaSuaYan school curriculum A decision in this regard would depend upon the spread of dr g abuse within Paraguay public attitudes toward it and our estimate of Paragu an Government receptivity toward such a program as well as on the availability of U S • funds • CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL c Pase 'lbirteen ABunci6n' B A-54 f Multi la teral Effm'tl3 InooflU' as we CUll determine t no multilo teral effort in the d Ug field is being JlIU de in Pa ragu ay at the present time Neither the Uni ted l'Iations uni·t here nor t l e local offices of the various resione agencies have concerned thecselves with tbe local'o buse or tra fficking problem Parag has not contributed to the Uni ted N tic Fund 'for Drug Abuse Control and given its financial prc'ole ie t ot likely to do so We doubt moreover that the ParagUByan GoverIlIllent would be receptive at this stage to an extensive and widely advertised multilateral program designed to deal with drug aouse the aspect of the problem in vhich t he U N is most interested 'st 'rThere As already stat d there is a t endency on the pe rt of Pe r 8 Zl officials to d eny that the problem even exists and their sellsitivities on this score might 'l-1ell cause the rejection of any multilateral scheme to deal with drug abuse Should the problem here worE n signific tly hO'rrever the Pm' aguayan Government mig lt '0' ' e1'sus it d tha t it would be useful to have e U lI or mO PAHO ad iser on dr'J SS a ttached to the t 1inistr y of Public HeaJ th There is a PARO ldv ser on other matters in the 11inistry' now Prospects for cooperation at the sub-regional level do 'C anc the first tentative steps in this direction were takerlat· e '2c mb' ' 1971 Il ' t i TIe nf' t hp loiinisters oi' Pul jj c iie i i n of the Cuenca del Plata countries which adopted certain recommenda iona concerning means of comba tting the drug problem At the ·ti e of the Embassy's last contact 'Io 'ith the Para guayen Ministry of Public HeaJ th ea r ly in l ¥ it was indicated that nothing he d yet been done to implement these reco llIIlendations though Ministry officials showed u ''lderstandi g of the problem The projected conference of all or certain South American countries to be held soon under the auspices of the Brazilian Government could be 8 major step forward in the area of sub-regional cooperation It remains to be seen of course wha t the practical resul'vs wili be in fara gua y or elsewhere but it seeClS certain that Ilt the very least the conference will ho ve the effect of reminding the Paragu a yan Oo -ernment of the 'importance of the dr US problem and of increasing its a areness of the concern of neighbori ' 'countries and the measures being taken by ' hem to fight drug abuse and trafficking Par is not a member of INTERPOL reportedly ·for financial reasons and though the Paragu an police apparently have satisfactory relations with their col1e es across the borders of the three ne ighborins countrtes Par aguay has no formal agreements and no regularized exch of information with the police of any other CONFIDENTIAL ------------------------------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL - -_ _---- ---------- --- Page'Fo As unci6n 'B A- 54 countrY 'Indeed Emoo ssy officers have found themsel ves passing information throu 1 U S channels 'to Paraguay rom her neighbors Though this could hardly be described as a multilnteral effort the practice does benefit all the countries involved particularly' in narcotics intelligence 'Work With the establis lInent of BNDD offices in neighl oring capi tus this process sho ud become cotlll1 Onpla ce ond MOre advantageous as more police f orces are involved le will however endea vor to point out to the Pe r a gus yans the advantages of joinipg INTERPOL U S Unilatera l Efforts Althohgh originally established vi th two agents the END office j n AsWlcion has been manned by one for virtuall-Y the entire time it has been in existence and that one beiog charged with' regional l'esponsibilities has been absent in La Paz or Bue nos Aires a good part of the time In order to achieve uiaximum effective'mss the BNDD agent in Asunci6n sqould be free of responsibilities ri th respect to any area outside Para gua r OtheX -rise he will necessari q be absent from time to time end in hi s h nrp t hp Al11hR s R il nr will 1AC' k expert a dvice on drug matters nnd other Embassy officers ma y' be called upon to plaY roles for which they are not ideal 'y prepared Moreover narcotics intelligence gathering activities will necesearily suffer a rid it is obv ous thS t' IllOre rather than less intelligence is needed The anticipa ted assignment to the Embassy of a customs agent during the current month may alleviate but will n t olly resolve this problem The BNDD agent assigned to Asuncion has his own internally administered reward system Presumably 'j he customs agent will also have his own At some latel' date consideration will be given to the desirability of providi g t le Paro gu an narcotics unit with money to relrard informants· In the field of public relations we will refine and intensify our cur rent educational efforts on drugs with the public media USIS ' -rill be discreetly placing neW'S 'articles 'ot l- er publications t and radio programs 'end films for television Our efforts a lo g these lines will continue to inform top Government leaders as CONFIDEN'l'IAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 - - _ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - COt-'FIDENTIAL Page Fj rtecn Asuncion's A-54 well as the public at loxBe on the drug problem in general and hopefully with tiL'le h lp to achieve the 'consensus regarding the local narcotic threat that is now lacking and enlist public opinion to ml increasing degree in the war Bgainst trat'f'i cki n g We have sent to the U S as a leader grantee one of the Deputies sitting on the sub-committee of the Chamber that is nO 7 considering tIle dJ ·aft criminal drug law and two other Deputies and a businessman also grantees ·have en briefed in Wash5 nston on the drug problem 'ole will continue to use the leader gl'ant program as a means of educating Paragu an leaders vi th re'gard to drugs as wall as training and orientation pr ograms offered by BNDD and CustolUS The' post's Narcotics Coordinating Committee has recently been est 'l blisheci on a more formal basis All major elements of the Country Team are represented Since the conclusion of the Curacao conference the Committee has met three times once to hear the report of the Embassy's representative a t that meeting and twice to consider the present Narcotics Control Action Plan It is intended that the Comndttee will meet regularly in the future CONFIDENTIAL -_ - ------ - --- ----- ------ --_ _ _- _------------- _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL 1 Funding 2 Nil Enactment of criminal drug law before the Paraguayan Congress 00''' FuMing Nil EstabliRhment of a drug investigation u uit 'W til' 'li ra c U Q U anistr vf the Interior Funding Nil unless USG piclts up starting costs 4 Signature and ratification by Paragu of Protocol amending the Single Convention on I1arcotics Funding Nil 5 6 Signature by Paraguay of r·jemorandum of Understanding on Narcotics Control Cooperation Presentation fro time to time to appropriate Paraguayan authorities' including if deemed necessary President Stroessner of detailed factue l information on the inyolvement of any Paraguayan officiaJ s in narcotics trafficking Funding Nil CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDF NTIAL Pnge Seventeen As unci 1 P·ollo inS fina-l resolution of the Ricord caae su' lmissio l to Pa rnguB van Government of request for extradition of Ellio Vareln Fundin 8 A-'54 Hhenever Ricord case decided Ni l Following final resolution of the Ricord Cru 0 n ' got iation of a new p T tl'adi tion treaty ' hich · ould inter alia spedficE' ly nwner te dJ 'u-g-tl·o ffi c ins and smuggling as e traditable Whenever Ricord case decided offel1Sefl Funding Nil 9 on 's Training and equipping of Paraguayan d ru'g itwestigation unit To continue so long as necessary Fu '1- ina $35 000 fnr eCJ uipment does not incJ uae ui r 'j Jlwle lu' iitivi d ill te -t $ 5 000 for training 10 USIII-USIS cedia dJ ·i ve to educate Paraguayan public opinion regarding To continue for foreseeable future dl'Ugs l-' mding Nil ll ' Paraguayan membership in INTERPOL Dacelliber 1972 Funding Nil 12 BNDD advisor TDY to Paraguayan I-'linif try of Public Health on implemcnt ion of drug law fuenever law enacted Fundi ng $7 000 CONFIDENTJ AL -- - _--- _ _------ -_ _ _ _ __ _- -------'------ --- J-- _ _ J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 __ 0 _- -_ __ CONFIDENTIAL Page E teen Asuncion i' 13 rt ' ' Assignment of UN or PARO drug advisor to Paraguayan Ministry of Publi Health 'for extended period Januo ry 19T3 if a t all Fundi ng Unknoun 14 Inclusion of anti-drug aouse material in Pal'aguayan public s hool curriculUlii July 1973 if at all Fundi ng Nil ' CONFIDENTI ---_ _ _-------_ _-- - ---- -------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 r CONFIDENTIAL Page N inetean Asunci6n'a V A 54 TOTAL ESTIMATED FUNDING $47 000 ' ' VI J rrSSION RE'pOMMENDATIP e That the a bove a ction plan be approved in substa nce as a b'asis for pushi ng ahead on narcotics control in Para gua y in J ieu of the one submitted in Asunci6n'a A-1l5 1 That funds totaling $47 000 be made a vailable as appropriate to the agencies involved to be expended as needed du't'i ng Fiscal YefU 1973 2 BREWIU CONFIDENTIAL --------- -- -- -- -- -------- ------ - _---- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06472107 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 Ji I o 4 to U 'il1 ED PERSPECTT VE eN THE SOU'f3 ASJAN ORISIS AND United States poll cv i 'li ' B HTATBS PC J J C'l been slc·w to acoornmod' 1te to tha n w p wet teaUti s I South AsJ a· steIiulllng f rom ai the aboJtlon o dam' r aClr in Jlaklstan iollnw nr tae hopeful eleC'f 1 ms of 'December 1970 I b the l'e Hltr latiorl of' polUical m81ur t · in the Indian elections ox early Ivk ccn 19i'1 o the dttempte-d rnU tary t pfssslo l hy the Pak Anny In East Pakistan hegirtr ing arch 25 • l n and d the coatf l lIlng embItterment and resiatanc0 that repression h s eked 1 1 and atollnd f a t Pakistan Severe 1 home ttl ths have be en anc e l li'l evJc1ent fa Pakis nn is probabiy f i nished as a uniil ed state b India ls ole lrly the prer icnn lnanl actt al and potential powS ' ir l the South slan region 0 Bcmgla Desi probably i6 f S au i ll ttonomous entity 01' LndepOllder i state ane -dp Ws t l ak t l n is a volatih'l polity with most uncertaJ n ptosp-e Jts e _ -v _ _ _ Arms at During the past si months i n quantity has contl1 1 ' J ng assoo1ate ·the US arms supfl r to Pakista n whHe mo·jest UnHed St ltee with the mHit 1ry' ep ess on and put a severe psycnol glcal sl rein on goodw ll o ' America in nd a and East United St1 ltes promotion witll I '1d a Nations observe ' to fac uUate of 8 v la l' om tc ter l'fcpose Is Illc h as ·ullit' d re uge rei uAn cClI n eh of rE s1 a n '''I tbol lt I'e- 5surance f nd sugg€ls ed nead fOJ'lefu9E'l c ount vErification has angel'ed and embittered the Goverc meni vf India MOleovsl 'O'n tad S' atoS$ SInd dj sc usslons has suggested offioial l Tnl ted und-e rst5 ndj gtat s Gove nm mt reserve 1r4r lUentioll to and m1 s of the Sout h Asian crisis as comp3ted to ihe teI atively cleat · Je r- capUon£ predominant in unoff1cia Arr etican eXp6'eH eions £ op r lon eOllf'jDtl 'f1Jt 1 •••• _ ' _ _ ' _ _ ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _- _ -' • __ - - t I ' - - r - - - - - _ - - - - _ - -_ _ _ - -- --_-_ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 _ _ _ _- _ _ - _ _ _-- _ _ - --- _ __ r United States reli ef contd utjons for the man ' millIons cf East P kist ni lefagues in r dl S rl-' H wel l dS the e 'en larger numbels of dl ttessed popl llal' oti in r ost also hFtve been real1nh bit ons pn Uru ted State Paki3 n ci tcliy £ effective f€SpOIll e In l'ldlng the petce ved need to maintain cordinl re 1at f ons wif'll tr e qvernmenf' of I Pa js an Nonethelesu any - loubt that the United S ltes i olicy feaponse migbt a' re be n taot'e effect- ve j OI'lpulsjve Io'a s r·g Hfo ·c d tnd l atl 'lIi t'1 l 1 t e shjuld be temoved by c 'omparison wHh ths- at tiJal USSR are it wOlK ineluding aliell ited BengE I and fakl tani Armies anc politioal 1 '31 '01 illa CE l e g'1'l1 ed i llSl gf 1ece s tlas and 1'igJditLes Governments of Pakistan and India Neither be major e t e luteome S1 nUcltlllg cJearl t ond all have et t I nef J a· - 1c 3 n1s f'aklli ' z tn Bangla oe h and rndiu - not the interested pa'1 i es the CaSH PRO md US t r nc I end lIe e period of t f Un' 1 of e-alitles clollcerning suun basics clS the degref of aSI'UillptiotlS SI li datit · c rL --I ·rs lstenue l f ta s· BeD ga 11 alienat on the telati ve eff ci iver ass of ti'1e '1L Itt ' t'aUrl and tJe Pakistani AJ rny the poUtlcal and economic st i 7j i ng Ower of r l ·nt ' 1' 1' t'13 OVP Hi- d l'alastan and the projected rate and 1 mlts of refugee I nfl 1x feom Eaf t t lrnefLames are ba ardous the further unfold n9 of bas o r -nl tjl s ove fl'e ' I t c l Le months will be muclal for pend ing decisions ail aroulld concerning • OSgj 's capltutat 1on by tbe Government of Pakistan or the B mgl 3 Derh insurtJ nt I ·lm se J or g the cron esl 1ng partles cont r uation a ' ct escaht im or AnfL· 'Fer·C' ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 _ --- -- _ - _-----_ _ - -- - - - - _ -- - - _-_ __ - - - I I CLASSIFIED 'j ------------- -- ------- • C' t t c r s C l · I d· a i 1 ' t lCi ' tt ' o U l vt· I 'I 11'l f1oy H I al' I1dL an Cl leI · d IJ ·ki ' r· a jn ·n 011 h h £I de5 8 ' e - ti l GC I 'flrr J • I lL 'Iet t ' ' f ' I - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 --------------- - ' - - - - -- ---------------------------- ------------------------ ---------------- - ThE' immediate and syn ptomatic problem 1 n the South ASian crisis is humanitartan Tel i e in East 'lnd Wes1 Bengalo Iiowevei' u 1n 01 llmstances of sc t and c onflict lel ef supplJ efi and third part '· presence Inevitably have important political content For the Government of india the ten mUUon tefugees from East Pakistan entail dOlllestto clOC extemal1mperat ves with implications for pol1 t cal viabllity' stability economic ane qovetning pal'ty and leadetshlp strength The J ndian analysIs not a condition Dr ptescription r 1s that these efi gees will not return 1f ever until tc'usted leaders cor trot East Pakistan 'fhE' South Asian crisiS has enable the USSR to score big in India also n East Pakis an and still to hold its own in West Pakistan The US has scored largely thl tevetse thaI is held on in West Paklstan population 60 mllUon and tost badly in lndie SSO million and 1n East Pakistan 70 millionjo All is not lost however and W t l Indian-Amedean r-alatlons at an all time low t he prospects sbort of an' Indo l'ak stanJ war ate for some improvemento Howeve 'f it will be an uphill job to ttGIHsc end a low-level holding ·operaticn H VlC t comes the United States wUl U1 ely suffer even more severely 1 IndJa and in Eaf t and West Pakistan fot its currently ambiguous posture and its hlswKically m1l1ta ' p supply tole The UnUed States 1s more blamed than it deser ves and as the fQlcts are increasingly d1gested there perhaps wUl be some second tnougbts in Ind1c anG East Pakistan about US poLLey intentions if not effects Then too f there Is utUl 'co mod f1t 3tions of Uriited States polioy' for ben efic1al ' such as catego r cally ending JlllUtni'Y supply and defer n9 other tha ' hUDla 1ta r1an assi tance f o Piiklstan p tat king _ PI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 _____ UNCLASSIFIED U S Dep artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 '- _ ---'''_ ------- ----- -- -------r '-d • _ _ ' ' gf 0 ftC CLASSIFIED _e vu Cj av o 'ln South Asia 'and culUvatlng ailpropriai e 8' y1es in fotmulat on and presentatlorl The rese tvo t of lndian-Amarlcan goodwill though greatlr d luted ivIo 'e 'lver oontradiction lnhetenf in Indian and East Pak st an is still extant e q ectat1ons concern·· ilg the Soviet relatJ onsh p presumably will come to light and with unfolding eVentlO perhnps show United States poliay tn a somewh at bette Hghto Also t is not impos·· fJlb however difficult to envisage at t hls junctUS'er that the Un ted States could Ja l1 $ to cultivate dialogue and develop underatandJ ng a nd of avoiding self dl ui' Ufylng positions and se f-de 'eatir g h1itiatives J 'The le a fe anxious times anx ous Needed n Sou h Asla but i he United Stal'ss cannot afford to be too is a perlod of alm watc 1ful waiUng 1 0 permit f ndJ an and East Fak istani emotions to subside and to permit detraotors n' A' dl UonG- of bd 6 as the J atc · 1 ed Fundamental is e p reclominan powey 1 n h3 o enmesh themselves in the United St ates acoeptanae of t he reaUty Subcontinent agaimr whl ch the UnUed S· tes does not seel to count e pose an po'tle comoln tlon SecondalY positive ao 1 negative aotions to strengthen the United States image and its relatJ onshlps IJlrith the Government of India also need to bH undeltak'en concurrent with brisk p i1 flk lnd Ptivate defense of United Stat ISS interests against ptejuc ic1al or discrirnina- - r y policy and action by the Governme 'l ts of ncUa nd Pak stan While the United States remains among the mo 'e important external lnflusracss ja South Asia it now l' iS n ither the JJpportunitf as no ' the r ssponalbl1 tJes of p red m1na nt nfluencs ____________ -r_ --_ ____-___ ----- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 - ' • G Ovel' the ne i t uncertain months of continuing cds s t it may prove necessa y if oc o-Paklstan wa is to be avoided I for the UnHed States to facilitate or even promote a pol1t cal settlemerit · white recognizing that Soviet interests Shoft of J fevenUng war q remain essentially inimical to those of the United Stal es Pattlc U l uiy 1f Bangla Desh emerges or even if it does not 6 the East Paklstan area w1ll need large-scale eoonol1110 and tech lical assistance For this as'slstance t· be nast effective some multinational and regional development effort encompassing West as well as East Bengal may be indicated In 5ln ' ventu complex conlpeti- tlve and coopera tiye multinational elationships in South Asia ate the ptospect i opefully with conUnulng western If other majol' Asian powers such pa tiolpat 1on fUltber strengthening of the roles as Japan and Indonee1a alld gradual notmal1za- tlon of SJno-lndJ an relaHons 'I Oc ober I 8 21 1971 ' ' to tIll • nF' ' 'fI'or' 'l· · •••' ' ''''''''- ' _ • _ i ---_ - ' '---- ' ------ ''''' ''''''t - - -- _ - I - - • • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 -Doc No C06472751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 IIUI CSNFIBEfHIAL ' Deval n tent of PAGE 01 TEl AV 18662 ACTIOl • • 01 OF 93 IWl II S INfO OCT-Sa COPY'OI ADS' SO SSO·OO £S'OI 109C ·········-······-·omOl IIISSU 141 D 17 S31Z DE 82 FII AHEH8ASSY TEl AVI v TO SECSTATE IIASHDC IHEDIATE alas Gr 4-0ollll-fr'-l-l Q-i III-I l 'l-I -l SECTlOII 01 or 83 TEL' Aviv 18 6r I C - ENTIRt TEXT 2 DRAFTING tllFORMATlON 1I1lJ U IVIII U • TELEGRAM PRESIDERTlAl STAtEIIERrs I A BROADER SENSE 11£ 6Ell VE THAT COHi1lTHEHTS V'H AS THESE HEED TO 8E • DEVElOPED IIIlH HueH HORE CARE AIID rORES IGHT SO THAT U S POLICY DOES IIOT FIIID ITSElF HEMED III BY SWEEPIIIG PROHISES HADE DURIIIG THE nI XIOUS lAST'IIII1UTES OF IIEGOTlATlOlis lIE SEE THIS lATTER PRosltn AS PA'RlICUlARl V RELEVAIIT III VIEII OF FUTURE COHIIITHENTS WHICH ISRArL IIlll IHEVITABlY DEIIAIID OF THE UllmD STATES III RETURII FOR PR RESS III THE PEACE PROCUS S FilIAllY ·lHIS HESSAGE ALSO ADDRESSES THt TACTlt Al AIID OPERATIOIIAl OUESTIDIiS OF HOV AIID WHEH TO BEGIN TilE DIALOGUE IIITH THE PlO AIID THE VILLAGE LEAGUES liE BEl lEVE THAT AT THE PROPER HDHEIIT THIS SHIFr l1I JI S POLICY COULD E iHAIICE U S ErfORTS TO PR OHOTE THE rEACE PROCESS EtlD SUMMARY DI SSE I CHArlUEl E O 123$6 OECL OADR TAGS PEPR IS EG JO PIO Xf SUBJECT THE U1I1TED STATES AlID THE PAIEH III IAilS FOR All OPEN OIAIOGUE ·RELEASEIN Sta RTB6 NEED THIS IIESSAGE liAS CO'DRAFtED BY I EHBASSY TEL AViv THE IIESSAGE HAS SHII DISCUSSED IIITH OTHER E BASSY OFF ICIAI S BUT 110 Cl EARAHCES IlERE SOUGHT 3 SUIIHARY SlIIeE 1915 THE U S GOVER IltErlT HAS COl151STEilTlY REAFflRIIED ITS POliCY JIICORPOBATEO IH TJIE 191$ HEHORAIIOUti or AGREEHEIIT B£T E£l1 THE USG AIID ISRAEl 1I0T TO RECOGIlIZE OR IIEGOTIAIE VITH THE PALESTIIIE Ll6ERATIOII ORGA IIZATIOII SO lOrlG AS T E PAIESTINt lIBERAlIOU ORGAliltATlOIl ODES 1I0i RECOGIIltE ISRAEl'S RIGHT TO EXIST AIID DOES 1I0T A'ceEPT SECURITY COUIICll RESOlUIIOIiS HZ AIIO ·n8 III un THE UNITED STATES GOVERIIIIEHI ISSUEO JII TRUCTlOIiS 10 THE U S COIlSUlAIE III JERUSAlE I IID TO EIIGAGE III OffiCIAL COlflACTS UITH nuSIAfA DUOJII OR OTHER REPRESElITATIVES Of THE VILLAGE LEAGUES III THE VEST BAliK THIS IIiSTRUCI DII COIIIIIG III RESPDIISE 10 A REOUE T fOR GUIDAIICE Sf THE COIISUIATE all 'H£THtR ITS Ull PRACTICE or' AVOIOllh COIIIACT fQlLOUED OURUIG TH£ PREVIOUS HAR' SHOULD BE lODlf lED 1IS A RElUl T OF IHESE TUO POllCV DEeISIOII THt USG HAS EffCCliVElY fOREClD ED ·conhUIIICATlOIl IIITIl 1110 ARTICULATE EXPOl EIITS Of PAlE III1IAII IHIE E I III THE PLD CA E IH ORGA IILAI OII VIIH lH C IHt GR H i1 JO IT'I or PALE TiIlIA IOEIIT FY 411D UPPOR' THEIR POLITICAL SPG ' 511 n 1111 IlE olr IIRf E tviEU or OOIH POLlC DW OIl P4RIICUlORlI III lIJiRI 0 TtlEIR IIICD ISI IEHCY ItliH O 'E ALI U s fOF IGII rr IF5 ODJECll'lt or I1AIlIi rr IIN MIG rU il ul cOIH ' 1 IID DI lOGU YIIH All STRAIII OF P011T1C L EXPRmIO 1 all IS UES Of COIICERII TO IHE U S FUPIIIfRIICRE THESE POIlCI SE'lERElY HQflPEil V 3 CHORle TO BROADEII PARTlCIP 1I011 III tHE nlDOtE EA' iT PEACE PROCE AIID lEAVE 'THo FIELD· OPEII TO THOSE FORCES IIlIICR SEEK 10 PERPETUATE RAIKER THAll RESOLVE THE ARAB-ISRAELI cOHfllCT THE PHOBLEn' AI PLO IN THE YEARS SINCE THE 1915 EHORA lDUn or AGREtKEHT IIITH ISRAE THE U S HAS RESTRICTED rHE DEfIHITlOn OF TER IS IN THAT AGRfEIIEHT TO PRECLUDE AIIV POLITICAL COIlTACT BEIVEEII O S G AUD PlO REPRESEIIUTIVES All 'xCEPTlOII OCCURRED DURING THE LEBAI ESE CIVil VAR AIID EVACUATIOII OF U S PERSONIIEl FRDII BE IRuT VHEI U S G DIP10HATS ENGMED III SECUWV'RELATEO DISCUSSIOIIS IIITH PlO OfFICIAl FROH OUR 0111 CD ITACTS IN GAlA AIID FROH REPCRTlIIG' BY OIHER 1I1$5101lS III THE ARAB VORlD liE ARE PERSUADED THAT THE VAST MAJORITY OF PAL£ST IIIAIiS IDEIITIFY IIITH THt PlO AIID ACCEPT iHE pro AS THE tEGI T HATE SPOKEStlAIl fOR PAlESTJlIlAN B6 4 IN ARGUIHr THI CA E liE ARE IIOT UIIHIIIDFUl OF THE EFrECr lilt I CM A CHAIIGE III U POllC'f Will HAVE on ISRAEl'S PERCEPTlOIi OF U AOHEREnCE 10 PREvIOU eOnhITI1E11TS III THE fIRST InSTAIICE vE COf FESS TO sanE COlirUSloli A TO THE EXACT IIATURE or THE U S COMhlT lEIIT TO I RA aD IIIG_THE PlO SII t£ u£ UNDER· STAff 0 THAT IH 97 nou HAS BEEH Mt OEO OY SUBSEQUEHT 08NFIBENTIAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 E8HF I BENT I AL' Devartlnel1 t of State fAGE 01 ACtlOI Sp·Ol TEl AV 1 66t el or 03 nm TELEGRAM 1l'4 COPY·SI Aos·eo SSO·DD ES'SI leD I ··················SS2713 I7Imz 143 38 o Im17Z DEC 2 FII AHEHBASSY TEL AVI v TO SECHATE IIASHOC IMMEDIATE ellD INFO ocr·sl e e II riB E II 1 II II UIYII1Hl I l SECTlOIi 02 'OF 03 TEl AVIV 18662 01 SSEIIT CHANUEl IIIT£RESTS ALTHOUGH HAllY PAlESTlIIlAIiS DISSOCIATE THEHS lVES FROll PlO-IIISPIREO VIDlEIiCE THEV ASSOCIAI£ BROADLY IIITH THE POLlIICAL AlID 0lPL01lSTlC GOALS OF THE HOVEHrHT BY HOT EVEII IiGAGIIIG IN A DIALOGUE IIITH PLO OFFICIALS U S G OFFICIALS HAVE THU BWI CUT OFF FROll GAII1II1G IIIFORHATlOIi AHD SOREL V IIEEOCD PERSPECTIVE 011 THE PLO THIS HAS OBVIOUSLY DtTRACTEO FRon U S 1110DlE EAST PEACE·nAKIlIG EffORTS 11 THAT 11£ HAVE SEEIl FORCED TO DEAL IIIIH SElf·PROClAIHEO • 1I0DERATE PALtSlII1I All SPOHESHEII HO OFTEN REPRmllT lllllE BEVOIID THEIR O lll VIEIIS OR IIISHFUL IliTERPRETATlOI1S OF PLO VIEWS J UII VilLAGE LEAGUES III lATE UBi IH ISRAELI AUTHORITIE HERALDED THE fORHATlOn OF THE IIEST BANK VIllAGE LEAGUES PRI ARILY AS A POLITICAL COUNIERWEIGHT TO PRO·PlO IHfLUEIIC S III rHE OCCUPIED IERRITORIES fOR REASOIIS BESI EXPlAllfEO BY COHGEU JERUSALErI IHE COIISULAIE REFUSED TO nAKE COlmCT WIIH VILLAGE LEAGUE' REPRESEIlTATlYES FOR IICARlV A VEAR lit RESPOIIS£ TO A RECEIfT COIIGEIi REOUEST fOR GUIDANCE A- TO HETHER IHIS PRACTICE SHOULD BE OOIFIED THE STAlE OEPARTHEIIT ISSUED INSTRUCT lOllS 1I0T TO HEET VIL AGE LEA' UE OFFICIALS THEREaV fORHALIZING liTO POLICY A PRACTICE DEVELOPED OVER TIHE IHE DEGREE or VILLAGE LEMUE SUPPORT III THE ltST SANK ITS REPRESEHTATlVEIIESS AIIO ITS SCOPE OF ACII Oil IIIDEPEIIOEIII· or ISRAEL I Illfl UfflCE ARE CENTRAL BUT HARD 10 AIIS lER OUESIIOIIS I S POLICY HOWEVER HAS 11011 CUT US ort FRon EfI6AGIHG'IH DIALOGUE 1I11H VET ANOTHER BODY OF PAl£HIIIIAIIS POL IT fCAL REOUIREHEIIfS THE PRlct or OUR ISTAKES BE ING EVlOElir OlilY III RETROSPECT CAli lOT THE SAnE ARGUHENT BE USED kITH RESPECT TO GEULA COHEII AUD THE fEHIVA PARTV IH ISRAEL HOSE PlATFORn IS TOTAllY AT ODDS IIITH U S POL ICY i COIICLUS IOUS • IN SHORT U S POLICY REGARDING COI TACTS IIITK PALESTlIIIAIIS •• PlO OR VILLAGE LEAGUE •• IS SElF· OHEATlIIG liE URGE THE O 'PARTHEHT TO RECOIISIOER • POLICY AND DEVELOP IIAVS TO PERMIT USG OFF ICIAlS TO • GAIN F IRST·HAIIO IHPR£SSIOIIS OF PAlESWIlAII VIEIIPOJIITS IN 'THE CASE OF THE PLO 11£ SHDULD HOT FEEL THAT OUR 1975 nou IIITH THE ISRAELIS PRECLUDES COIITACT HOVEVER FORCEfULLY THE ISRAEl lS STiCK TO THIS flITERPREfATlOII IN FACT THE ISIS nou PRECLUDES OIlL Y RECOGlifTlOII AUD IlEGOTlATlOII IIITH THE PLO AS LOIIG AS THE PLO DOES IIOT R£COGII12E ISRAEL'S RIGHT TO EXIST AlID DOES NOT ACCEPT SECURflY COUIICIl RESOlUTlOIlS H2 AIIO 338 IT ODES NOT RULE OUT conTACT AIID DIALOGUE •• A DIALOGUE HICH IS 1101 DillY APPROPRIATE AlID OVERDUE BUT DOLO ALSO SERVE AS All IIiPORTAHT II1P£lUS ID THE PEACE PRocESS OVER THE 10lfG RUII III THE CASE OF THE VILLAGE LEAQUES USG COIHACTS IIOuLa GIVE US fiRST· HAIfD IHPRESSIOIIS OF A HOVEHEHT HICH THE GOVERIIH£UT or ISRAEL BEL IEVES IIILL LEAD IHE PAlESllnlAIl IIIHABnAilTS INIO THE PEACE PROCESS 9 · 11 ARGUIIIG THE CASE FOR All OPEIf DJALOGUE IIITH PAlESTllIlAl1 ElE EHTS PREVIOUSLY COIISIDERED OFf L1nITS TO U S OFfiCIALS liE ARE 1101 UHllIlIDrUL OF THE FROH OUR PERSPECTIVE III IEL AVIV IN VIEII Of OUR BE lUG CUT Ofr FRon THE 6ROUP lHICH PALESIIIIIAflS CLAln IS HrPRESEltUTlVE AIIO FROH THE GROUP UHltH ISRAEl PROCLAI S RfPRESEIITQTJlJE liE 00 1101 SEE KOY U S JUOGnEIII 011 PALESIIIIIMI INTERESTS CAli BE rORf1ULATED 111111 CREDEIle£ rURTHrp hORE OIiR II01l'1II'I L 'EHEIiT HA LEfT' IHE P lE TlIlI 11 POllllCAL R HA OPW C Ill 10 IHO E VHO For OlrF£ FIIT RE O MiE OrTtll 110 COIIIII liED 10 rE C£rUl OlUI·IOII OF THE RPU'ISR 'ELI CClliliCI 1II' lTIaIIOIlIlH'litl8 Ll OIHER P TlE · HIIV V SIEO fll tRHT rrr pp crrCllllr OIiPtlITlH i' lfSlllll oJHlI OlllY In u s CAli PlAI· Iii C ITIClIl OLE Gi 1i01l '1I BoO H fiOLE WHICH liE HAVE ABDICATED FOR LE S II1PORI IIT 1 PEDIEHT POll IICAl PU PO E ' is I •• HISTORIC L PERSPE IIVES IF AflYTHlhG OUR MALY IS OF U S POLICY Iff REtAIED CASES III IHE PAsl SHOULD HAVE PER OADEO U TO PU UE A DlrrER HT PGLlCY·VIS·A·VI PALESlIfIlAII COllTPeT • HAVE U S IIIIE ESTS BEW SERVED BY OUR EFUSAL III IRAII 10 lAKE COIlIACT III1K OI IDEIIT ElEH IITS BEfORE THE SH4H'S DOIIIIFAlll OR 1I0RTH KOREA'II QUO LIBVAII COIIlACTSl III IHEse CA Et 100 IHE OVERRIOIIIG A E ICAII OBJEClfVE OF DIALOGUE VAS SACRIfiCED 10 EXPEOIENI CBNFIBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED LJ S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 - INCOMING PAGE 01 ACIIOII SP'02 m INFO DCI -Ol o 1715371 DEC AV 18662 • COPY'OI AOS'OO SSO'OO S'OI TELEGRAM· 1130 OJ OF OJ 171SSIl fHQRIS TO HOVE THE PEACE PROCESS FORWARO •• lIE 00 HOI COIICUR II11H IHE IDEA THAT HAS DEErI SROAeHED THAI I»ITIAl COIIIACTS IIITH IHE PIO SHOULD 8E IN TUllIS OR AII0THEa ARAB CAPITAL BElllWI A 1Oc'ALL Y'STATlOIIED U S OFi lCIAI AIlO A PlO OffiCIAL RATHER lIE 8ElIEvt THAT A 1I10'IEVEI IIASHIIIGTon·BASED OFFICIAL SHOULD lRAVEI TO A IIEUTRAL sm IN UROPE UHTIAI KEflIIIGS IIITH DUOlll OR OTHER VILLAGE lEAGUE OFFICiAlS SHOULD TAHE PlACE IN THE SAKE TlI fFRAIIE 100S 1 _·················aslDOS I7Imz 146 82 rH AKEHBASSY TEL AV IV TO SECSlAIE IIASHDC IMHEOIATE Olll 6 8 II f I 9 II T t A • SECT 1011 03 OF 93 TEl AVIV Ism 01 SSEIIT CHMIIEl CI IKPACT 011 TNE PEACE PROCESS BROADER QUEST 1011 OF THE CREDIBILITY OF U S COHHIlHEUTS TO ISRAEl I 1I0TE IHAT THE 197$ nau IIA$ AGREEO AS A VITAL ELEHWr TO COIISUHHATE THE SIlIAI II AGREEnEflJ VIIKOUT If IT PROBA8LY WOULD HAVE 8E·EII IKPOSSIBIE TO REACH A SECOIID STAGE OISENGAGE EIIT AGREEHWT HOI EVER SuB$tcUE 1T U S AOlIlIllSJRATJOIIS OEFItIED THIS COKNITNEIfT III 11m IIHICH II O m omlllAL r OHISE 10 ISRAEl KORE SIIEEPIIIG IIICLUDIIIG THE POSSIBILITY OF ESTA811stilUG EVEII LOV I VEL DIPLOMA' COIITACT IIITH PlO orflCIAIS all THE OUESrlQlI OF OIArOGUE VITH THE VIllAGE LEAGUES U S POLICY IS ALSO BECOHIfIG IIICREHHITAIL Y HORE SIIEEPIIIG FOR EXAHPIE OECENBER 12 PRESS GUIDELIlIES ORArTEO III RESPOIISE 10 U S lfElISPAPU REPORTS HAVE mvmD THE I SSUE or COIITACT IIIlH I1USTAFA DUOIII TO All exALTED PLAKE lHICH IT IS AllEGED HAS A DIRECT AIIO IfEGAIiVE IHPACT OH THr PEACE PROCESS AIIO U S RfGIOllAL IIITHESIS THE CElITRAI OUEST 1011 IS lHETHtR liE CAlf conTAIH tHE DAHAGE III I SRAH I E BY Ilor GIVIIIG THE BfG III GOVERIIMEtiT All OPPORTUIII TY TO ARGUe THAT THE U S HAS Uf OERII IIEO THE CAHP DAVID ACCORDS AIID THUS rHAT ISRAEL HAS THE 'RIGHT TO AIllIEX IHE OCCUPIEO T RRlTORIES FRAtlKL Y UE H4VE OUR DOUBTS AS TO OUR Am lTV TO • AnGUE THE SUBTLE DIFrEREllcES 9ETU EII A HODIFICmON OF IHE 191 Hall AIIO A FUIIOA IEIITAL CHAIIGE III THE rEACE PROCESS UH I Cft THE ISIS AGRUHEIII IIIAUGURAIED HOUEVER liE BElIEVE THIS IS A RISK ORTH TAKIIIG AUO IHIS IS All ISSUE IIHlcA IS 1I0RTH THAT RI SK L£IIIS 10 FOR·IHE FurURE IIE URGE THAI THE UIIIJ£O STATES CAREfUllY EVALUAtE AIID IIEIGti THE COIISEn UEIlCES Of CDKllImEllIS IT PIAHS TO £iITER 11110 REGAnDIIiG THE OU STIOII M HAIlO II BELIEVE THAT A CAREfUL STUDY OF WAT THE UIIITEO STATES HAS COIUlIJTEO ITSELf TO REGMOING COlli ACT UIlIi THE PLO AtlD rHE VIllAGE lEAGUES SHOULD BE UIIOERIAKEII MID UE HOPE THAT fOllOUlliG SUCH A REVIEII A COliS I mIll' AtiD lEGAL IIAY CAlI 6E OU IO TO ilCR£ASE U S DIPLOtlATlC HAIIEUVERIIIGS IIITH THE PARTIES TO THE COIIFL ICT III THE KIDDIE EAST II OPERATIOIiAI CO lSIDERAIIOflS FROH OUR READIIIG OF THE NOOD III IIA5HIIIGTOII E UIIOtRSIAIIO THAT FEll ARGUNElnS Illll BE RAI SED OPPOS I IIG THE PRlllelPIES AIID IDEAS Dun WED ABOVE THE KEY OUESTIO IHEREFORt IS HOW TO OPERATIOUALIZE 181$ CH4UGE III U S POLICY SO AS TO MAXIHIZE THE FUlflllMWT OF U S II IERESIS tAl TlHIiIG Ul lESS THE HUSSEIII VISIT TO IIASHIIIGTOU DECEMBER 21 AUGERS A BREAHTHROUGH fU IHE IIEGOllATlllG PROCESS II BElfEVE THAT IHE TInE WOUIO BE RIPE rOR IHE u S TO COIISIDER PIAYlilG IHE PID cARD III DOIIIG SO liE COULD ESSEIITIAlLY TAKE THE SANE IAtK AS lIE DID WITH THE FEZ FOUOII'UP OELEGAT IOI' I E IHE UIIITED STAfES RENAIfIS FAITHFUL TO THE CA r DAVID Accoaos liE ARE PREPARED TO NEGOTIATE THE pRfllCIPIES OUTLInED BY PRESIDEIIT REAGAII BUT liE ARE StEKIfIG IIAYS THROUGH 01 ALOGUE 10 ELICIT IHTEREST AND PART CIPATIOII IN THE NEGOTIATING PROCESS IBI UClICS liE ftUST at PREPARED 'SOTH 10 PUBLICIZE OUR IItIT IAL CO IIACTS I IJH THE PLO AIID VILLAGE LEPGUES IIIIILE CARr· fULlY P9RIRAYIIIG THEH AS PA T OF O R OVII OIHOIitG cstlr i BHH I AI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476724 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472897 Date 01 11 2018 ' -- OFFICIAL-INFORMAL co r tDEN'lI1 L- I1ISSEN'l' CHANUEL I j ··1 1 Regional Le9al Advisor uSAtn Mission Islamabad Pakistan Dear L - I _ _ _- - - - - As I promised in my letter of March 27 we have puxsued the questions on South Asia arms supply that you posed in your dissent channel letter of March 2 1 1973 You have raised a number of specific substantive points They are material ones and they deserve an answer I have asked my staff I t0gether with other concerned parDons in the Department to comment on them These comments are enclosed with this letter The main burden of my letter is not however substantive The important point for you to know is that the considerations you have raised have repeatedly occupied attention at the bi9hest levels They have been discussed in Na ional Security Study Memoranda in meetings of the Senior Review Group in discussions with the Secretary And in many other qatberin9s of persons at all levels who are concerned as you ore with the implications of our arms supply policy I am personally convinced that these points have received an extensive and fair hearin9# and have had an impact on our policy for as tho enclosed comments point out we have settled on a policy that is very restrictive and 1s deaiqned to meet many of the diffieultiea that you raise Obviously these arguments did not corry the day in the sense that we did not impose IS total arms embargo As you are aware there are strong qounterconsiderations--and indeed I am not sure that the logic of your argumentation necessarily leads to a total emb ar90 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472897 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472897 Date 01 11 2018 - eOtlPI9EW'JAL 2 The dissent channel was created as a 'further means of ensuring that all points of view are brought forth in the terest on tructlve ciated of making the best policy choices Your concern in this policy question i8 appreSincerely yours ·Slgned William I Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff Enclosure Comments on South Asian Arms Supply Clearance NEA PAB - Mr Bruce Lain e9 'lFI9ENWIAL -c- _ - - r - - ••• - - - - - ___ • • _ • _ -- _f 4' _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472897 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473842 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN FULLI OKIGIN U 'O OCTM S ts ea 0e R · ' D By C t' JCWE TMOR LANDIDRG lfo Royr t' H' t tfJ I JC 'f rUMOAE AND · ' IRlD Dl RI UTIC l d·t 'f 1 AI'la SCI SA SIS S P OFP ••••••• - 05eeD§ JUL 7 S CSTAT WASHOe q AM Me ssy· PR TC X' PRIORITY 118e2t r · eN I D N T 1' L STAT l58eme otSS NT CHANN LIIIIIII I E O 118 U ' ODS TAGsa OE C S SUBJECT I R ' DISSENT 'M SSAG I STATE CORR CTION le3 4 PARAGRAPH 2 R 'T L SHOULD· BE CORRECTED TO READ AS FOLLOWS a CU PROGRAM IN OVT AFRICA HAl UND RGON SIGNX'ZeANT PANSION DURING PAST TWO 'ISCAL V AR8 GROWING 'ROH HOO ST PROGRAM IN '''V 12 TO ONE 0' THE LARG ST IN A RrCA IN 'V·'4 AND ON THAT PPROPRIAT LY CONC NTRAT 8 APPROXIHAT LV 2 3 0 118 R SQURC S ON ACK CO OR D AND ASXAN eOMMUNITt SD SUCH XPAN ION AND TH IMPORTANT' EMPHAS S ON NON WHlr G ANTEES CERTAINLY HAS NOT GON UNNOTICED BY THE SAG GIVEN THE OCCASIONAL DISPLEA'U AND P HAPS APPR H NSION SUCH HPHASrs MUST GENERATl THE RELATIVELY rTTL %NT R' R NC ON TH PART 0' THE SAG 18 NDTAB ED KISSINGER 10 CON'tO NTUL - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473842 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 I RELEASE IN PART 86 - - 67 64 _ SE9Rn 1 11 RAN GOO 00965 PAGE 131' ACTION ·SS-30 r INFO 1 OCT-01 AD5-00 - - 5 5-0 55A514 111032Z 550-00 03 5 5-0 W --- ---- ------ --132170 111316Z 1 -42 R 110641Z MAR 81 1M AMEM ASSY RANGOON TO SECSTATE WASHDC 941 • 8 - TI 5 E 6 RET RAUGOON 0965 • 10 l 11 EXDIS 14 'DISSENT CHANNEL 16 E O 12065 RDS-l 3 10 21301 SCOTTON FRANK W TAGS 'PEPR PORG US CB VM ASEAN XC JA AS SUBJECT D S POLICY TOWARD VIETNAM AND KAMPUCHEA 18 REF STATE 057781-C 7 1 1 I DISSENTS FROM REFTEL ON THE DASIS OF' HIS UNDERSTANDING OF THE INDOCHINA AREA OBTAINED THROUGH 14 YEARS 74 OF DUTY RELATED TO VIETNAM AND CHINA AFFAIRS QUOTE TBERE· IS INCONSISTENCY BETWEEN SOME POLICY OBJECTIVES AND ACTIVITIES SELEC''l'ED '1'0 AT'l'AIN THOSE OBJECTIVES AS DESCRIBED REF CEL ' DISCU'SSION OF CHINA'S RELATIONSHIP TO VIETNAM AND KAMPUCHEA IS 28 ' CONSP-ICIOUSLY ABSENT AND REFTEL GIVES INCOMPLETE APPREC IA TION OF FkCTORS AT WORK IN THE REGION THE INTERAGENCY GROUP REVIEW B6 72 r ' COULD USEFULLY BE OPENED FOR 0 R CONSIDERATION 2 U S OBJECTIVES AS STATED ARE tWR'l'H CONSIDERABLE EFFORT 'BOWEV'ER I DO NOT BELIEVE THAT MORALE SUPP0RT FOR DK UNITS 14 OPERATING WITH LOGISTICS PROVIDED THROUGH THAILAND FROM CHINA - REALLY CONTRI sUTES TO THE LONG-TERM SECURITY or THAILAND NOR' S· IS IT LIKELY TO CONTRIBUTE TO WITHDRA lAL OF VIETNAMESE FORCES t FROM' KAMPUCHEA KHMER SURVIVAL AND NATIONAL 8 t •• ERE S Lf-DETERMINATION MOST S-mRIOUSLY COMPROMISED BY THE VERY LEADERSHIP WHOSE SBaRB _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 a su 0 CREDENTIALS WE ARE APPARENTLY PREP ' NATIONS 'REDUCTION OF SOVIET INFLU D s rIPMORIT AT THE 'UNI TED MILITARY ACCESS IN INDOCHINA NA'l'ION OF SOVIET ' WHICH SEEK T'O FURTHER ISOLATE W tiT f D OYLIBTEIACHIEVED BY ACTIVITIES ' rCALLY A D ECONOMICAtLYM I 3 'WE OUGHT TO RECOGN I ZE TB A T 12 ALSO AT LEAST PARTIALLY A MANIi Tri 6 A -KAMPUCH'EA PROBLEM IS B E I TNAM BELIEVE ITSELF THREATNN DABiHa t lI J A ILL 9j THE POSSIBILI LgII2NT J ¥C A fJiHA Xi S TO OFFER CHINA ' ' L siH iE M iERE CES TO R ALLYING OF NATlo l T r6RCES 6 KHMER LEADERSHIP ARE' T IigNFg SIEANOU RESPECTED NATIONAL 5 _ _ f _EM _ Q _QAN JJETNAM ' ' I'_ _ _ • 2 - ___ Lc_n_ ' VIS A 'VIS CHINA' - · 4 IN THE PAST WE ALWAYS UNDERESTIMATED VIETNAM S RESILIENCE THEY DO BAVE TREMENDOUS PROBLEMS BUT THOSE PROBLEMS HAVE TO BE APPRECIATED IN THE CONTEXT OF THE VIETNAMESE WORLD VI W I E VIETNAM IS THE WORLD AND INDOCHINA IS THE UNIVERSE VIETNAM HAS A LARGE FORCE COMMITTED TO THE KAMPUCHEA PROBLEM THREE -YEARS AGO VIETNAM HAD A FORCE aL EIT SMALLER COMMITTED TO THE SAME PRO LEM THE IMPORTANT DIFFERENCE FOR THE'VIETNAMESE IS 'lHA'l' THE PROBLEM I IS NOW HUNDREDS OF MILES WEST OF SAIGON RATHiR THAN A ONE DAY - DRIVE VIETNAM WILL PAY A CONSIDERABLE PRICE TO PRESERVE THIS STATUS QUO 5 5-0 ' i oj 5 THE PARALLEt POLICIES OF CHINA ASEAN AND THE U S O CREATE PRESSURES AND IMPOSE' COSTS ON HANOI SEEKING VIETNAMESE CHANGES OF POLICY ARE PRESUMABLY TEMPORARY ARRANGEMENTS OF CONVENIENCE OUR VIRTUAL ACQUIESENCE IN A CHINESE STRATEGY OF UNREMITTING PRESSURE ON VIETNAM AND SUPPORT OF'TBE KHMER ROUGE OUR 1' SESRE'l' ' ' I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 ACTIVISM' IN TRYING TO KEEP ASEAN UNITED ON A THAI-CENTERED POLICY' DOES NOT ACCOUNT FOR CHINA'S o iN HEGEMONISTIC INTERESTS IN THE REGION AND THE DIFFERENT PERCEPTIONS WITHIN ASEAN OF THAT ASPECT TO VIETNAM'S BEHAVIOR 6 ·FROM THE DISTANT PERSPECTIVE OF RANGOON IT IS DIFFICULT' TO FULLY· FOLLO ' INDOCHINA DEVELOPMENTS AND IN RELUCTANTLY DISSENT WITH COLLEAGUE JOHN NEGROPONTE HOWEVER I DO NOT BELIEVE TEAT ' THE PRC HAS PLAYIDA CONSTRUCTIVE ROLE IN INDOCHINi AND BASED ON 'THE CURRENT BURMESE EXPERIENCE WITH A PRC SUPPLIED COMMUNIST INSURGENCY'ONE MUST STILL BE SUSPICIOUS·OF CHINA'S INTENTIONS IN TBIS REGION AN INTER-AGENCY· GROUP CAN USEFULLY'DIVEST ITSELF OF LATENTfANTI-VIETNAM SENTIMENT AND ON A COMPREHENSIVE BASIS REOPEN THE ¥IETNAM-KAMPUCHEA CHINA-VIETNAM SUBJECT FOR ANOTHER tOOK END QUOTE SHERRY t' • o NOTE'BY Oe T DISSEMINATION COORDINATED WITH S S-O M_ ijN t I 12 10 9 I o S 1 4 5 5-0 SEeRB 3 5 5-0 n I t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476068 Date 01 11 2018 co 641545 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 l tarch 15 1971 T John '1 ' -ril o l Chief Sector alld i'ro rar' n llysis ivision PPC P ' V'3T A 86 ' j JECl' 1 l 3 ulvador 'rducation l'eriO-1 The tatu3 of the t alytical ctor l l1ulysis 11977 e ort on T J'l 86 · orkil1fi · ocu nents A Js Enclose is a list of t le f' rr s tll preparation of rqhic 1 con-stitutes t le last piHlse of the project Y Il ti ile 'l'hb i'3 'i short introductory AD comp12ted quite sone 2 50 • ' 1 if 2 T is is t lt dOCu Ue'1t t lat focuses on tile repe titian and dropout of lJa5ic education the fir t efficie J cy iSSUE and t lI- one I G ve l briefinf 011 at t l i ' D s taff e - tin 150 la es 1ad been drafted in IG and iJrought to San 5 tlvador in i c Tlber for rcvie · and critL1ue and revision by P lOrtly after arrival on the pr sent TDi't I realized that it Qul lav to be cOl lete1y t ­ -1ritten 11y1 ecau e one of t le finci in s of this analysis a3 that repetition is heine u l- er -re lortec by a factor of 3 - • a Hndirq fir5t rejected by J ' l 't r cceyted a 1C Still later usen by 1D POR as a basis for qW ' 3ticL'-in our estimates of iLlterye l r or bet 1een'-3rad clro out for rural md u in areas -- an encoura5ill exa lple of iaternalizatiou 'lit t ' Ig2' l turnir tite tables on us and becou ing I 10re critical and precise t lan 've had been i y tile -lay yearly or r1ti li l- rade dropout calculations arc not affected 1 a r' sult ' lan 'aalfeld of ' UC I 'tnt I have spent a tllajor part of 'this nonth re-writin dt ' ·1ith u_ ardo artinez of ·r d' F and Tony boni of 3i fCE revieT ing and polishin It 'lill b taken to ' asoinrrt0i1 ' Jri1 ii lain ' D 112 Conclu ions s a result of the audysis th '3 t I'Jill be described in this docu 1 nt the · i istry lill 1 no ·1 l great deal ore a lout that I S oin on in the crucial are lS of repetition and dropout t 1 lan it Ime' ' Jefore r 1is i1lay b Po Ip r ge clai fOt o ly one docunent but th claii · a think is ju tified '1ne thing D' P R 1L 1d i· e hav learn-ed is t tf t th a lay certain tIata has been collected and the '7ay inferences have been dr l m froi certain iJlt 3 have neen obscurino 13r a import mt proble 3 epetition and illiteracy have T UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743__ I c No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 2 both been greatiy underestiiil3ted because of ways t le data has been collected rays raf er easily corracte·J Ful e inferences concerninz educational progress have been dra'itl frot l incr ases in lONer raCG atriculations s -rollen Hit11 larse nU Cl1 ers of unidentified repeaters ' 5 in mas t countries bet H en-grade dropout Has not hein quantified and as a consequence factors of inA €ficiency to which that articula r quantification Hill lead were bein listaken for f actors of inefficiency • 80 r 1UC l for sorne of th i il ortant method· oll gical findin '3 · 'ich will be useful I t ink in other cOUl1tries n1at is the ajor 'olicy findin of ' '1 i 2 l ut in one sentence it is t 1e follm-rin2 tae rural pO lUlation ' Thicn is t ·licc as larce as th urhan pOjJuJ ation and t·yhicn has a fertility rate almost t ice as lar and ·lhict l is tilerefore the main supplier of the lal- lor force cen 13ve t e ·priii ary education s iJ th ' rad Graduation r'ltc of its entra nts al wst the entire rUl 'll population at this poirtt increas d froll its present 2 n te to the urban rate of 70% y eli linati l tile present insuffici ncies constituted mainly hy · inco plete· schools Inco n lete sciloo1s are sC·'lools Hith less than six rades In 1973 there ere 3 022 basic education schools 1 347 of which -Tare rural inco lete schools of ' lic l G9 had 3 grades or less T lis policy ficdin3 is prese ted ii l the docu nent as a leading tic is accepted after coosiceration and eXal 'lination of five rej ected hy ot leses and after eX Jin3 tion o£ t va Rccepted hypothesis 3ach hy lOthesis is exa ined as a possibla explanation of part or all of the di ference betI-Teen the 20 rural and the 707 urban 6raduatio rrltes JPotbesis-l is t -tst the lm J·'2r rural rate is du partly or · holly to bss d l1and for schoolin in the rural areas as a result of creater o 'portunity costs Th02 hypothesis is rej ectac on three rOl mds a grade by grade s tudeats are older in the rural schools mainly because the avera e entry a3e is greater by 1 years - rportunity costs in ter 1S of · rases of a ricultural production fore one are greater for older c' 1ilrlren ' ' ere opportunity costs a determining factor a lesser representation of older students t-Tould take place ·1 1ere lS the o posite occurs b · rete there less denp nd for sC looliil rur l1 areas a hi ller yearly dropout rate in rural sc ools gr 'tde by 8rade could be e Pected There's no statistically significant difference bet peen rural and urhan schools rades 2 to 6 In grade I t le ur an rate is si nificant1y higher c ' l4 of the rural 7-15 year-old opulation C07 'lutes to ur ban schools a r igll of stron de7 anci j rural schools are nore crOlvded than urban schools -- additionO' l evidence of unsati 3fied demanci hypot 1esis in · y othesi$-2 The lm- er rUr l rate is due partly or T hol1y to less capacity for sC 1oolin in the rural ar a iIypothesis rejected on t le 3rounds that rural scnool students did better on t1ie achieve umt exams a1 103t ithout exception Admittedly they wen invaria ly older' by about 2 years Jut there Nas no evidence of inferior caiJacity 'l 'len ages are held equaL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641545 S IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 3 - ypotilesis·-3 T' le lO ier rural rate is Ju partly or Yholly to a lesser relevance in the curricuium for rut l rMideuts this hypothesis l a rejected on grounds si nilar i o the al ove If intel1i ence' Jttatever elat is is nOr' 3 11y distrib' Jteu in the two are€ -s a significant cifference in scores unfavorable to rural stuuant5 co ld be ttrP uted to roale'l 1 lace pro 'le s ·10 suc t difference appears Please note t o l t e are not' arguiil that tnere is no curriculum relevance proble t nor even that it night not be more acute in the rural area 1 ut only t'lat as a hypotit sis for explainin tn y Jart of the raduation rate difference till evidence is clearly unfavora lc i ypothesis-4 7ile lOHer rural rate is tiu 'partly or ·rholly to greater e c otional maladjustment or alienation i'o rur l sC lools _Iere asain tile aV3ilable evidence is un avorable lithin-year or annual dropout r l 1 eG are the best 2 vailable indicators of nalad·j ust· nent i ifferenc s are not significant for a 7 year period for t1rades 2 to 5 and r racle 1 obviously t 11 ' ' o t i portent rade t 1ith respect to adjust ' lent to sC 1 oo1 'he s a hi 1ar rate or ur 1 n sc1Jools Incidentally a lar e nun er of the ' D #2 findings are su'vstantiated by A C6 findir s concernin'j socio-econo'·'ic cnar cteristics of t'H 25C10 subsa - ple of tested tlliL r' ts 'or exam le later entry in rural arens hig ly i fre 'Ju ' - t out-of 'sc lOol tr1od 'c eneral evidence of si1 tisfClction An i adj I 'ltrl9nt qith sc' 1oo1in in hot1 areas as inferred frou t 3sl on 'Jes to lttitudillal questions ·iyp lt lesis 5 7he lo er rural r3 te is Gue artly or 1holly to an inferior teachin -learnins Vroce s ill the rural sc 10015 Jnce a ilin the evidance i9 unfavorable ' het lar 6e o lle ed interiority is viet-led as 'c nitive t sts scores or as 'affective' ele tents of the socialization process lo er firr t erade ro out lypothesis-6 The lo er rural ' rllduation rate is du· to the insuffi ciency of services in t is rur l area J 'i'lis is t'le acce ted hypot 1eG is I'ilere is a t- eal th of f avorable vidence 1 3chools i both a reas and hot zones are full 3 at is fixi n·· satricul tion Pupil 3paces per 7-14 school-·' € po ula ion in urbn l SC lOols anG matriculation per th tt S· r l pc Ulation are very close approxima-' tions nbout 125% and the a pro i latio s repeat thenselves tt the IOc'ler levels of the 14 ur au de srt' l ntCll zones The Sal e very close 1 Jprmdqation bat '1een spnc es and residents a lrolled toth as a national ag re -l tion and et uepartnent levels takes place in the rural are 7it l available rural studeut spaces estimated as 43 of the 7-14 o ulation T1 1ere is no evidence anY 'lhere that s ace· is underutilized - a s i8 1 of unsa tisfied de lann nlso evidenced ' ly the COhllIlUl1 in 5 to urban sC lools of 147 of the rural school--ag a residents 2 1 347 of tlle 3 22 schools have less than the six graues 039 nq ve three grades or less 3 bce all schools are cro lded UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 S IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 4 the possibility of continuin3 in other sC kools is reduced distance and transportation problems aside 3 Except for grade 1 t'lhere urban sciloo13 have a ili ner rate yearly dropout is not differ nt in the 1 '10 zones tlhe-reas bet- reen year dropout t· l1ich reflects lack or insufficiency though difficult to estimate is obviously concentrated in t le rural zone 4 All schools are cro 1ded but rural schools 'lre the lost crm1ded ' linLt 1 I ' 1 classroom space is sUpposed to be 1 3 m2 per pupil It is O 9J ta 2 in urban SCilools 84 m '2 in rural schools 5 The rural school and urban SCilool distribution of total i13triculation g ong rades is fur tiler evidence of the rural area flc lool space s lOrta 3e 4 % of tae rural school students are in th first grade cOnLl lared ·lith 21% of t1le urhan school students 52% of tile rural school st dents are in the first and second 3rade as cOlil ared to 36% of t le ' lr lan sC lool 5 tudents There a lpeatl'l to he a certain aI lount 'of infrastructure yra r tid dt lin the schools tnetlselves It is possible that the effort to get everyone into the systeu is leadinB to the ex au8ion of first grade space at the eXl ense of hi3her 2rad s The very is'n rates of first grade repetition the rade repetition lOSt seriously under-ret'orted also contri utes to t lis phenomena 0 Tile rural space shorta e also helps ex 1ain tile serious late entry in the rural area There is not enough space for everyone and so a very large number of students do not enter until a l a or lJ If i1 rural CikilJ does besin to work at 13 and be in'i school at aBe 1 instead of -ze 7 he can set 3 instead of 6 years of scnoolin and is likely to be or to becohle illiterate 'lou hav here a su mary of the at UJ lent that raisin rural pri lary ra iuation fro 20% to 7J could ha acco tl llished relatively eagily since it is l atrai ht£or ·larcl i lsufficiency pro1 ler and not a co aplex inafficiency problea Ge t ng both zon s U above the 70% is a different proble It ould l ro ably involve addressin3 ele 'len ts in bota areas teac ler trainin nutrition' alientltion curriculUi l T l 1Y all -De i wolved Jut tne first priority is clear it is providin the huge poor i tajority in t le rural area with schooling o lPortunities they do not nO 7 have It also see - g clear that the inpact on t 1e literacy am l ill levels of the future labor force 1070uld he i en5e and that el l loymcnt and rural dsvelo'pment policies should be coordinated emel inte rated Hith school expat- c io·o plans 80 -mcl f or t e benefits nat about the costs I estir ate that co l tion of th e incou- plet sc tools or t'leir lnuclearizationil with near1 Jy feeder and receiver arrane emcnts y yould involve an illcrease of around 15X in the basic education operating or recurrine ud3et or about l i of the tot 1 pu lic education operating budget This would be a very odest cost hen cOlllpared to the benefits The little table be o 'l is SOlilet ling ' re believe could be accurately fillea y arly at any level of g8regation if certain data UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 8 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 5 collection and tabulations chanSes are ace This one is for grades 1-5 at the natiotli 11 level t le rates are rercent J 3es of grades 1-5 initial ' J atriculation includes repeaters some are crude estir lates for reasons mentioned previously Total 'Dropout i thin Grade Yearly Dr opout t 13% Pemanent IG% DrODout I 13% ''1on-Permanent ' ro Jout Total epetition' eported epetition 'eri lanent -fearly Jropout · BetN een-Grade Interyear Dropout' 8% re anent InterYear Dropout 5 1 'ion-Perm 1 tent Z2arly Dropout Ion-Permanent Inter lear Dropout 265 Orl Q This tabular sUln lsry of f10' 7 Iinefficiencies nay give a sense of t e m a nitude of the present uaste of finances ana r ore hlportant otential h talent and serve s introduction to ore s ecific CO lTilents AGain the basic contention is that the 'ineificiencies are primarily reflections of insufficiencies This is why 'dropout· usually a Jpears in quotes iros t of the time it l'lOUld be ' lOre accurately c lllracterized as llock-out or 'forced out· i epetition i i hest in Grade 1 at about 35% droppinc SlOHly do m to 162 in 'Id G In grade 1 tll l Vua e tudent is 'Ilatriculatin 1 6 ti les 'i' is is a tremendous proble 'lhich · as heinz co ' pietely is-jud8eJ be cause of under-ra ortin by a· factor of 3 -ane the lack of - t 1alysi3 · hicn reveals rlat i 1consistencies and um·7arrantea inferences The worlel for estil mtins net entrants and therefore repeaters for each grade fran the opulation census t f 1e d2si ned by lan Saalfeld of 3UC I rill be useful for UI' st countries I thini· sb ce ti1a t JO ceo· us questions of present attend· mce in school or not and hi hest r lda co lpleterl are 5 tanci 1rd population CfH SUS ite s I t is llS0 l otelwrthy t lat ·'le can get per 1 l 2nt dropout' estit' 'tates from t le odel hich sets the stage for es ti latin the ni le kinds of dropout' 3pecified in the table al1ove I suspect tilis serious uncier-reportin3 of repetition and this clo sin of the syste l at t w first 3rad base is tal ine place in l any if not 10st L Cs lLllother thing t'le ' lave discovered is that a very larse num1 er of students i'T O hav passed the first rad are re -el ' ting it Jhy Th re seem to lJe 2 i lportant reasons 1 shortaee of s ac e in rade 2 2 a Hidesprt ad - 'lisconception or vieupoint by both parents and teac lers tOe t the c lild should re3d' sound the mrds ------_ _-------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 S IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 6 of the phonetic · IJani h lan 3u · after finishinz 3r lde 1 An loriented pro T otion· policy aL e at encoura3in pllssin and ther lJy reducin6 repetition introduced in 1 71 h s apparently been circumvented by repetition of students 10 ave 1passer l· -- a pheno J lenO l ov rlook d by the policY- 1akers until 61e analysis uncovered it ·le are nO 1 tryinrz to quantify this ne henorr enon As I see it the disag'cire ation bias in policy-oriented analysis snould be 'qu 'l litative· s vle1l as ··quantitative _ hrea1 in up phenomena into suiJ-kinds as t· ell as naking estir lates· for ortions of tmo m kinds Repetition for Grade 2 aud a ove SeeillS to be fed mainly by the -Titilin-crade non- ermanent dropout of the Jrevious year Consequently reduction of t is dro lout ' Iould be the best 7ay to r duc e tbis re et tion fair part of t lis dropout mi llt be reduced by eli uinating crmvding Liter tcy Dfficially there are slightly ' lore than l1 1i11ion iUi terates 'lho are 1' years of a e or older I - 1 0 11 I dropped the hint that the official amount based on the population census ' was an under ·estir ' ate In N iJ n ' 31 e the case at reater lenL th It appears that tne individu l ls ho w ve never entered school tend to be r arl ed as Hliterate and those ho have had aLlY s600ling Hhatsoever tend to he noted al3 literate In 1971 over 1 2 lillion adults ·7ho had not completed the firs t cycle grad 3 ere in BOSt part regis tered as iiterate it appears 'lne of the i' ' plicatioo S of this under-estir lation is that it l 1ill et '0rSe if s tel'S are not taken since tbose '7 10 do not ente - tlle first 3rade are approximating 0 t Jhereas those 1ho are · c1ro rpin Oilt I of the first second amI third grade are increasin rere a 3 in corrective aaasures involvin c lan 28s in the censu · u tionnaire and instructions to intervieNers t-Tould probably be 3 Jplic ible to other countries P elevant to the ques tion of sC l00li l · and literllcy is the I lOSt important fact about tlH 24 achiev8s e t eX3' lS iven to 55 000 students the students in El Salvador are learnin a surprising al1l0unt · School attendance throu 1h the si7 Grades ' Jill assure development of basic skills P·er nanent ' JrOflout ' As pointed out about 70% of tile urLan residents and 207 of the rural rasidents n9 ve been settinz a prim lry education This Heans that 3' 7 of the urban residents anti 80% of the rural residents have beco 1e perhlaaent 'dropouts sO lzuhere Jll n the f lay before reaelling the end of the sixth rade Ue have this by grade and zone of course ' e of the indications that lat entry ligh rates of repetition and the sbo rta e space are very closely rel 3 t d JlH nOraena in the rural areas and that these 10 not reflect perceiv d need or felt d nand for schoolin is constituted by the fact that in l'J71 over 0 'J f the 12 year old rural residents -Jere in school -- despite the rural spacs shortage • 411Y weren't these kids in the sixt l srade the'· prescribeu grade for their ase 3ecause of late entry because of repetition also du in part to space shortage and because of the disincentive of t le dead--end or incOI lplete schools dthin the rural area incOl' plete schools have UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 8 IED --------------------------- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 7 - a si nificantly hiBher yearly dropout rate if you can only get to the 3 r-J de you tal e your ti e in doin3 so so ' uch for the u -to-1971 experience It ha been contended that these patterns have under one a si nificant change as a result of school construction in the last six years in the rural areas As suggested hefore a fter making corrections for underestililatian of repetition our estil lates indicate no sifP tificant change in the pattern fe believ the sC lool expansion in the rur ' ll area lay not have Gone far bcyord keeping up I ith the population increase the rural area has a 'lOC · ui t1er birtl1 rate lnd twice the pO lulation of the urban population Fortunately the H75 1% housahold CO U PLA ·T survey picked up schooJ iUt- level ane a tendance information uhich l1ill alloN us to cou 1re that year ith 1971 Tlle C· dA 1 P oj tape is larvard's Doost i lportaut liats source in the relevance study it is doing for the analysis and Kussell Davis Hill provide us ith the tables we nee 1 shortly after lis retUi n next week Yearly Dro20ut Ilotil her a as in l'aatriculation data reporting is accurate and the o dented promotion has had positive effects Imlerin3 tl1e annual dropout rates SOl' leHi1at Fortunately in tile rural are 1 s half·-day schools J lave 10 7er annual dropout rate s ttlan Hhole day chools In t te urban schools tRkine all grade into consideration there is no si nifica lt Jifference re arding lithiL1Grade c ro o 1t bet Jeen half-day and hole-day schools So here vIe have a otentisl for economies lit l no sacrifice l7ith respect to annual dropout 5 1entioned before Nithin t e rural area annual or rdthin-grade dro'pout is higher ill the inco nplete schools Bet -1e n-Gr 3 de or Int rye tr ' ropout·' This kind of d ropout tends to he ne lected mainly because it is 1uch more difficult to esti'' ' ate The estil lata of 81 of initial T latriculation involves more assu'11ptions thAIl are desir lble and it nay be lor' tn n S% All the students in rural ter '1inal grades 1 to 5 T IO do nl' t repeat or transfer to the next rade in anoth school fall into this cat gory If correct repetition qUD 1tities are o tained this can be estimated every year So much for the ·a f 2 Coaclusions I 'Till not dsscribe c0 1clU 3ions for t le other documents u si Lply re ort on their statu3 -T 13 Practically conplet ed by version to ' 'lashington April 3 OD pa xgect to take S anis1 l AT 14 cOi lpleted by SoneY'That further behind but e pect it ill be April 3 d art'Ure If ' 15 lave not been a le to vor on this here as expected Nill beflin i t in ·lashington -----_ _ - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 641545 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 - 3 Ai' f 6 COl' 1 leted by Floyd revie led an revised by · DEP JR 1-7' 1 'l 11 ' to be in 117 Co pleted 0 I ' uinn of TIUCEi l and n m being Should be revised hefore April 3 by Jose licardo of mCB next t leek A fD II fl it next week A D i 9 First draf just co· ' pleted by 'l EP ·R lope to take it to 'l5hin3ton Expect to revicH i' ritten bu needs tilorouSll revision A¥JD 1110 This is Hhere all findin s on increasing the efficiency of basic education -- findings' concerning repetition dropout cost access E'rV chan8es in socio-econo ic f 3 ctors for ir' i 'lrovin perform nce th can be affected by policy school inputs analysis of test itel'ls an implication for curricu1u u and teacher training -'are integrateu It is a key clocU ilent that Till r qub e considero b1e interchange betvTeen '1DEPOR and ourselves A m 1111 Completed '-lim fl12 Structure or outline recently agreed to the data has 'been ta ulated 'lost of l J f 14 'le lave an outline but are having trouble ettinr the data because the university has been clos d f j file Bota the approacll aa l specification of available data need to be '70rk d out televance As yo'' l not-l J Harvard is carr'Jine the ball on the USC side in this area Russ lll Davis arrived last · eek and returns arch 16 7nis aorning he gave ' nEP'1 p r port on activities Ile described the model he has been devclopiuS vlith reGinn and other colleagu2S for a l1alyzing relevanc·O t le prOCessing sta e of the five data sources and so epr· li· 'in ry results of t le Gi ' 1A PLAH manpower survey riarvard see' to be aovin quite rapiJly J and I think it Till develo J SO lle usdul t 1in3s in the area of releva nce both in terUlS of methodolo W n- l policy TO' Orrm'l iJavis 'Vlill be reporting on the organizational analysis dir cted lJy · Jarvick II -Text Steps CO Ttlletin the analysis 6rol l h A 'J if 23 by nctoher is goin to require considerahle effort froa evaryone involveci 1 fter a 'month in i'as 1ington I may l l ave to retur l for a 2 ' Ionth stretch 1 expect to bring r ry wife and daughter on the next trip UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 co 6 415 4 5 8 IED J d · in U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 Anderson USAI russian Jirector Allen Goldstein U' H i puty lission Jirector nOi 1ard tiandler lJSAE' Pro - rn Q ' fficer Cbief 11J C s m P y jan Giovanni 'Robert 3artram Robert Bair Floyd I 'Qainn Jose 1icardo Charlotte Jonnes Julio Schlotthauer Charleson P an Saalfeld Anthony Honi Russell avis oe1 ·icGinn Donald anlick Hllia UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Chief ' 1 iCEJ SSA BUClr'1 l UCE ·T DUCEH LA Or- ES LA JP TA mn JUCml San Salvador nUCEI-r San Salvador i larvard University Harvard University tIarvard lJniversity S te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415458 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Walhlnllon D C 20520 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE with C9 IFI9l lNWDI attachment February 28 1978 1 1 MEMORANDUM TO SIP - Mr • -A_ _t_h_O_ny __L_a_k_e______ ____ L- FROM PM SAS DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJECT I L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE and the Hqrn US Policy Toward Kenya This'memorandum suggests that we should take a fresh look at the basic assumptions underlying our approach to the pro'blem of indigenous Somalis living in the North Eastern Province of Kenya A memorandum expressing the conventional approach to this problem--from which this message dissents--is attached at the end of this memorandum The Question Is our present policy toward Kenya and Somalia best designed to contribute to long range stability in the Horn A Basic Assumption The strongest political force at work in the Horn today and for the forseeab1e future is Somali '·nationalism and irredentism An Immediate Problem The Kenyan delegation of Vice President Moi Foreign Minister Waiyaki Attorney General Njonjo and Minister of Finance'and Planning Kibaki which will be in Washington March 1-3 will be likely to request sales of defensive military equipment possibly including additional jet aircraft TOW missiles artillery and other significant items They may request FMS financing to assist in these purchases 'Assuming the Congress approves the FY 1979 request for $10 million for Kenya we will have provided $70 million in financing since ·FY 1976 to cover the cost of 12 F-S aircraft in fulfillment of a promise LIMITED OFFICIAL USE with CC IDE TrA1I attachment _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 I r a- _ - _ _ • - _ LIMITED OFFICIAL USE -2- previously made by Secretary Kissinger Up to the present there has been no suggestion that we would seek to obtain FMS financing beyond FY 1979 The enyans however now fear that Somalia will seek to wrest control of the Somaliinhabited North Eastern province and are prepar ng to be able to defend the territory militarily Our good relations with Kenya and our desire that they continue make it very likely t-hat we will accept the Kenyan analysis of the problem and seek to be responsive to Kenyan requests An Alternate·View Somali nationalism is the most cohesive force in the region It will be dissuaded only temporarily by military force The unifying force of· common language culture reli ion -and a shared identity will continue to assert itself We should realize that the key to long-range stability in the Horn is Somali acquisition of the Ogaden and the North Eastern Province of Kenya U S efforts should therefore be directed toward convincing Kenyatta of the wisdom of ceding Somaliinhabited territory to Somalia obtaining for Kenya compensating economic assistance to be used in the remaining non-Somali areas of Kenya rather than channelling such assistance into the NEP where its effectiveness in buying the loyal ty of indigenous Somalis is questionable providing Somalia economic assistance for use in areas newly acquired rom Kenya This would reduce tension by removing its cause eliminate the need for the·GOK to spend large sums to defend against a Somali threat allow both Kenya and Somalia to get on with the business of'internal development without diverting energies and resources into large military establishments LIMITED OFFICIAL USE _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • • _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - ' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 I ----- -----------_ LIMIT D OFFICIAL USE -3- provide the grounds for a relationship of 'confidence -and trust between the USG and Somalia In addition we should take no steps· to oppose the actions of third countries to assist Somalia in retaining control of the Ogaden Similarly we should do nothing to oppose effo ts to assist the Eritreans in their struggle for independence This would recognize the temporary historical nature of the Ethiopian empire now in recession -- suitably chastise the Ethiopians for their abandonment of close ties with the West in favor of the communist bloc be· heartily welcomed b Somalia Saudi Arabia nd other moderate pro-Western members of the Arab League The Problem the Kenyan reaction to such a suggestion Initial reaction would probably be that such a step would be a sign of fear and weakness unbecoming a protid nation despite the fact that neither love nor trust currently exists between the Black African population of Kenya and their S9mali compatriots It is doubtful that any American official has ever had the temerity to broach such a suggestion for fear of being accused of favoring the dismemberment of Kenya Certainly only Kenyatta has the stature to undertake such a step Despite the initial emotional reaction such a suggestion is likely to provoke in the average Kenyan further consideration of the economic implications of such a deciSion--particularly i f followed by increased outs ide economic assistance--would show the advantages The key to popular acceptance of a cession of Kenyan territory would lie in the government's· being able to demonstrate that such a step would contribute to the economic betterment of the non-Somali areas A significant increase in grant American economic assistance rather than an offer of additional FMS financing for military purchases could help this end LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 --'-- ------ - - --- LIMITED OFFICIA USE -4- As fo the possible charge that negotiating a border adjustment could set off a chain reaction of similar ress res within Africa the reply is that the Somali case s un1que There are no other cases in sub-Saharan Africa in which a nation consisting of a siogle ethnic tribal or linguistic group seeks to incorporate neighboring members of the same ethnic group into its body politic There are in fact only three other African nations composed of a' single ethnic or tribal unit--Botswana Swaziland and Lesotho--and there is no movement in these cases to incorporate neighboring areas inhabited by people of the sam tribe into a single national home and Obviously one could not simply propose the cession of the NEP to President Kenyatta without some preliminary preparation of the atmosphere 'we should further document and substantiate the unlikelihood that the NEP will ever make a net positive contribution to the economic well-being o Kenya float the idea 'of a cession of territory in the press and respected academic foreign policy or African·affairs journals so that the basic tenets of the argument begin to percolate within the Kenyan elite direct the attention of the television media toward the problem of the NEP enlist the assistance of members of the Legislative Branch when visiting Kenya to raise discussion of this issue citing the press and periodical articles as a take-off point for discussion This course of action offers an opportunity to avoid a wasteful non-productive effort to turn Somalis into something they never have been and have no desire to be active loyal Kenyan citizens ' It would aV9id wasteful military expenditures the siphoning of limited skilled manpower into military and security activities and possibly even military conflict itself This no-win situation can be turned around into a chain of events in which all parties--bOth nations and peoples- benefit ' if only they will first step back ·and look at the problem objectively free from the irrational desire to retain territory for territory's sake Attachment LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446300 Date 12 11 2017 nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980034 ' '' ''' ' ' ' '' '' · h '' l f '''·' · ' ·'· f - ' · · · · '_ _ - - r · 7 f- 'i ' o • •j ••' 0' - f · 7 ' - ' ' ' 1'f •• •• 'i' 1 - cr - R 28 0 0 08'Z APR 72 ---- FM · ECsj TE WASHDe· rO' A SY BANGKOK ' ' IRELEASE IN PART BS ' H fr'Eo' 'OFF I C I AL' ' LI 003265' ' DISSENT H USE STATE 073434 • CHANNE USOM FORl- -1 --- jl 8 ANGKOK I·j I AND I 1 1 L -_ _--' ' - - - - - - - ' 0 • • L _ _ _ _ _• B6 • --- FROM DIREeTORI S PC REF BANGKOK 57·67 • • •• ' 0 0 ' ' • ••• ' ' ' ••• ' -' ''i ' ' 0' ' J ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980034 Date 07 31 2017 - co 641673 5 IED u s Department of State f I S PACE al ORICHI 55-15 STATE AI INFO OCT·al ISQ-SJ sso·ga 1m R X· lB5 1 Vi DO rIOT REPEAT 1I0r WfEllO TO IIA1 E LEnE PUBLIC UNUSS GOES IS COWlETElY U YIElOIHC AI D ERTAItILY NOT UlIlll COES HAS HAD TIU TO REACT 6 • SEt RET SlATE 185m TACS PlOR SU8JECT I REF I • I Q ' • J • • • I • • mm m HD I S fOR THE Am HI TOom U OER IllTE DEP RTII1 IHAl REVIEW THE OUESTIOH or t amER 8ECAUSE OF THE RI CHAROSON CASE AHO OIHER CUmlIT liUlJ lrJ Rims COllDlTIOilS IN El SALYADOa Wf SHOULD AOVI SE THe lOB fHAT 'f£ WISH TO HAYt fURTHER conSIDERATION Of THE SAil l1 R nlO HYnROPO R LOAn POSTPOIIED IF II DO SO 'Il Will ADVISE THE COES THAI OUR DEC ISIOII 70 DElAY IHIS ln 1 IS lIHKED PRIWRll TO HIJ UN RIGHIS CONDI· • TlONS III El SAL VADca AHD HITEIJO TO E I 'HAS m TN RICHARDSON CASE AS A U JOR PART OF THOSE CO DIflOns- SinCE THE USC POSITION ON 1HIS lOA IS STill nOT fIN UllED THIS HIFORllATIDN SHOUlD BE flGHrLY fl£lD £nb FYI CHRISTOPHER 1 FYI tiE HAYE PREHnTLl -----------------lJWZSZ E o 11m XGOS-2 peor SHUIJ us ES RELATiOnS IIITH THE COES IAI SUlE S9S3U - f P4 PREVENT THE OCCURRElit£ OF fURT ER CASES SUCR AS TKE IlltHAROSON Oll AM DOilE BRO ClY THAt THUE at AA IIJPROV IEnT 1 1 THE TOJAl HUlJAti RIGHTS SITUATIOII III El SAlYAO·OR DRAfTED BY ARAlC u 'P U TTHEWS mROHD BY A A TATOO IJfl ARAlCEII DeJ OHII50 1 ARA HEYIIIE D HA 1 3014 lIse RPASTOa SIS SEsm IAIl P JrORBES o D9l1m IJAy 11 fU SECSi ATE WASHOe TO AIJEU3ASSY SAil SALYAOoa Il Jl olAIE • 10 11 017 OUTGOING· TELEGRAM RELEASE IN FULL srATE I05elJ I Doc No C06416735 Date Departll1ent OJ S a e o 11 1 F 201 -Q 743 SECRET E X Case No I IBI SAil SALVADOR SH E ' B om THE VIEW THAT All IJESSAGE BY A1ATTHEriS AtOnG THE liliES OF REf PllGHr HOT SUFFICI£nTlY tOllYEY TO THE PHSIOEIH Ano PRESIOWT-ELECl IAI TU SERiousnESS ViltH IIMiCH Vl VIEW THE RICmOSO l CASE AlID HilES HEJ rt llS 0 TilE CURWIT SITUATIOn AlIO IBI THE FACT IHAl OUR REPRESEnTATIONS on TilES IlATTERS HAVE BEEn mlDER WSTRUCIION UlifORTUliATEL Y I CAllllOT IIICLUDE SAil SALVAOOR on 1lY 1 1IIERARY 2 LlAllHEYIS WilL THEREfORE BRING A tEUER COIHAI IIIIG THE POINTS MAtTHEWS Mm YOU m IIlSTRUmD 10 IJ H ORALLY EXCEPT HE ON£ on CAUTIONIIIC IHE AMERICAn PUBLIC Dfl TRAVEL THAI P IfIT SH'OUlO SHll BE OE GRAUl AS lIS ICLUS ION IH A LEIlER 1'I0ULO fROBUll BE eOUIIlERl'RIinUeTIVE 3 YOU SHOULO REQU ST II1 mllCS S PREnOUSl Y I fSTRUCTEO FOR YOURSElF Arm UHTHEIIS 8ul fOR WEER or lAy n InSTEAD or JAY 5 AS IlAtTHEm ifill 1I0if S NABLE TO mYEl BEfORE THAT T1 1£ yOU SHOULD I NO ICATE THAT P lA TlHEWS Wilt SEAR J IIESSA E fROI A ICH-LEYEL OFFIClAt ON IHE RICHARDSOli CASE AlIO OIHER IIAIlERS fOR PRES IDENT UOllHA SUT YOU SHOULD II T SPECIFY 1I1lETHER THE LlmAGE Illn BE IN LETrta f01i11 IIOR THE IDEIlTITY OF ITS SEnDER I ClgCU JS TAnCES SUSRouno IIlG THE I eH ROSON CASE AIlO PRE- AftD PDSHLfCTIOa EWITS Iii El SAlYAOOR HAVE tOI l81nEo TO HEArt TEIISrons III OUR BILATERAl RELATIOnS THAT 'HILL lIor BE EASED SI1IPn OR 'QUICKl Y nmRTHELESS I fRusr TBAT THE lETTER A D YOUR ACCOl Ji iWlIIlG EXPRESSIOltS OF CO CERH WIll UA E CLE R TO lOlltlA MO RO lERO nOT DilLY OUR UII APP IIIESS OV R THE fA ILURE OF IHE Gors TO Bf RESPO cSIYE TO DATE sur ALSO OUR COlmllUEO HOPE THAT IT Will CHOOSE TO AC T In IKE fUTURE SO AS TO REnEW OUP COHf IDEHCE IN ITS DESIRE 10 RESTORE COOO RElATIONSHIPS IT IS OBVIOUS THAT THE SAlVAGOR n lUOERSHIP IS nor CURREHTlY lHClIlIEn TO flELU ON IHE RICH mson CASE Ano Will 1I0T BE • AOYERSE 10 JiHERPRETlnc fUTURE us ACTlOlIS TO SUIT ITS O 'lM SEllS II I V111 S lUST AS I f liAS DOllE IN rHE HCEnT pAS Ii iUST lJ £ CLEAR THERHO E THAT VoMILE WE In HO WAY COIiOOllE liS PAST COnGUCr f CR CAH liE COl SIDER THE RICKARUSOli em CLOSED ISSUE UNtil 1'f ARE PROVIDED A SArlSFACTORY RESPonSE OUR PWICIPAL INTEREST IS THAT THE GOES SECRET nor fa BE REPROOUCEO IIIlHOUT TH __________________________________________________________________ __ UT H C I I i IO Q F I H E E E c ur l vE SE C F E T T_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416735 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 t' 6 IRELEASE IN FULLI trlc ' OEPA TMENT OF STATE DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES I TRANSLATION L NO • 42439 T-l22 R-XXXIV French EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF GABON IN THE UNITED STATES Washington June 28 1974 No 50404 AW The Embassy of the Republic of Gabon in the United States of America presents its compliments to the Department of State and has the honor to reiterate the extreme interest that its Government attaches to the immediate issuance of an export license for a McDonnell Douglas DC8-63-CF airplane now being purchased from Seaboard ' C ' is aircraft is intended for the personal use of the President of 61 v Hi J the Republic of Gabon as well as for travel by official missions of the 9 I Gabonese Government This transportation at present is provided by the I ' expe3sive method of chartering flights on various airlines Air-Afrique ' UTA Air Zaire etc On numerous occasions this matter has been brought to the Department of State's attention through both the United States Embassy at and the Embassy of the Republic of Gabon at Washington Librevi le Furthermore a l pertinent documents were transmitted in due time to the American authorities Nonetheless no decision has been taken so the President of the Republic of Gabon decided to send a plenipotentiary and extraordinary mission to the Department of StateJwhich the Ambassador of the Republic of Gabon had the honor to lead on Friday June 28 1974 The exceptional nature of I -r-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 this mission underlines the importance that the Chief of State and the Gabonese Government attach to prompt solution Indeed it should be pointed out that 1 On March 20 1974 the Republic of Gabon represented by its Minister of the Economy and Finance signed the contract to purchase the 'aforesaid aircraft from Seaboard and immediately made a down payment· of US$ 400 000 The American authorities were advised of this transaction 2 Concurrently approaches were made to the Export-Import Bank of the I r United States which offered the hope that a favorable decision would soon vr h' f 1' 1 1i i - tP JW- JJft' --6 vY tY'Y --' f y W ' V· v be forthcoming 3 Furthermore the American financial establishments consulted by the ffI r rY '·' 1 Jl' r -- 17 'Gabonese Republic stated that they would make the additional financing Y 'fV -' ' C6ot V L r available i i -t s rJ j JM' 4 At that t me by letter of April 16 1974 the President of the Republic ---_ of Gabon transmitted all relevant information concerning the use and opera tion of the aircraft to the President of the Export-Import Bank The 'United States Ambassador at Libreville was also informed During his visit to the United States during the same ·period th e Preside 9-t _P 11 e l iA1 'rr' of the Republic of Gabon was formed of no potenfial objectio s or restric I f-' rf 'Jp v· U tions concerning the pur hase of 4 e DC -63-CF Moreover a contract fO r A sl ' ' 5 ' 'r·J-- the purchase of 'Tlercures C-130 1as concluc9d simultaneously v ith no diff i - • I - _---- - I f'· culty being raised Howev r the delay in issuing the export license for implied that the American authoritie might had never been explicitly stated - t e DC8-63-CF have certain reservations that I ' f ' ' y1 #r P 'iJ-Jo 1 % UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 rn 'C - J ' ' Ii itA J tvV' -cj vi - c vV I MY ILrr -v -3- I VI F tv-' I' u It For that reason in order to avert any restrictive interpretation the Gabonese Government tia t of communicating fully a11-7 pi- c t documents 'establishing the total regularity of the transaction both economically and politically 1 On the economic level the conclusion of a technical management con- tract with UTA a g arantees Suitable logistics since UTA which is certified by the Federal Aviation Administration will prov de industrial maintenance and supply train and supervise the trained crews required on a permanent basis b An effort to ensure a sound the operations of the UTA-A r ra e r- of return by integration with n -n k W J 7 'fI ·C I the International-Air Transport Association and have a DC fleet · c Harmonization with the pr sent air system conseqUentlY there 1 ' ttqr 7 ' 1 t I_ would be no danger of disturbing its equilibrium through the introduction t-' ' t 1 1 Afrique group both companies are members of a c of a potential outside the provisions of the Yaounde Treaty of which the j ' Ii fJ A tv Gabonese Government founding member of Air-Afrique is a co-signatory ' 2 On the political level the Gabonese Government stresses that'it informed I ' ' W JJ4 q its fellow African Governments that are members of the Organization of African Unity OAU ana in that respect it produced both a letter 7 L i A ' 4 f 0 _ 4' I ev - '7J r' the OAU Secretary General granting approval confirmed by a letter from ---- --- Organization's Acting President General of Nigeria Gowon Pr sident of the Republic Botr Jocuments clearly established the unqualified he r jt t ' l' approval of this transaction Furthermore the recent OAU meeting held in June 1974 at Mogadiscio 1 4 - v M-- J l w-g l reconfirmed the total absence of objections - ' I t' _ J J ¥lo ' e J • I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department ofState Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 -_ _-- --- - - - --- -_ _----------- ------4As a founding member and partner of th multinational company l' Air-Afrique as established by the Yaounde Treaty the Gabonese Government saw in this transaccion an opportunity to p int p its attachment to the j principles of inter-African solidarity and 'therefo e formally and publicly V ··l excluded any possibility of using the DC8-63-CF in contradiction to those v p principles The Gabonese Government again states if necessary that in no event will the DCB-63-CF be used in a different way that might somehow benefit anyone of the countries censured by the international organizations of which Gabon is a member such as the OAU UN and O Under these circumstances the Gabonese Republic can only oe surprised at the unexpectedly long period of time r equired to issue the export license essential for its purchase The Ambassador of the Republic of Gabon takes pleasure however in underscoring the quality of the bonds uniting the United States of America 'Furthermore he notes that American enterprises have always met with anclGabon cordial' and understimding acceptance in his country with hose - develop ent they are associated in many fi lds manganese mining petro- J A r ' f leum prospecting general equipment et He is pleased that prompt approval could be given to the President Qf f J v - Y 't ' the RepubFc of Gabon concern ing the supply of a l es C-130 aircraft andA f V I h opes that similar arrangeme ts will permit the immediate delivery of the ' V vY rJ DCS-63-CF i If in the past undoubtedly circumstantial incidents at times have troubled the serenity of relations between the United States of America and Gabon the'two countries nonetheless remain united by the same trust in the free • I I UNCLASSIFIED U-S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 ' -5- future of the Western world It would be most unfortunate therefore if a totally unjustified misunderstanding were to alter this climate of mutual understanding and friendly cooperation prcfitable to both countries Conveying the deep concern evidenced by the President of the Republic and the Gabonese Government the Ambassador of Gabon therefore solemnly expresses the wish that the American authorities wiil not further delay ·in settling this matter and avails himself of this occasion to renew to the Department of State the assurances of his very high consideration • ' ignature Embassy of the Republic of Gabon stamp • I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445622 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 Eo ' RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE ashlnEton D C ' 20520 ' December 16 1975 - ' ' fj SECRECJ OFF Ie IAL- INFOENll L 86 American Embassy Buenos Aires Argentina ' ' Dear LI_ _ _ _--- JF We have received your dissent message Buenos 'Aires 7386 regarding u s policy on the Korean issue at the United Nations this year Based on your reading of several State and USUN cables you have inferred a lack of coordination within the Department in developing and applying this pqlicy You also question the usefulness of such a policy without first having available he views of our diplomatic posts ' 1 I I ' Both of your questions deserve and have received full attention 'Your dissent i particular was a significant one because it dealt with the process of coordinating a highly' complex and rapid series of actions and responses on the part of numerous and geographically very- dispersed actors This is at the hea t of our business nd doing it right is 'one of the principal permanent and structural problems before us Therefore continuous evaluation and criticism of the process such as you have provided is essential and welcome While all the messages you cite were signed Kissinger and hence the assumption could initially be made that they presumably represent fully considered Departmental policy a close scrutiny of these messages shows they fall in two categories as follows ' j - ' ' -' 'j 1 Only one of the three State Department message you h ve referenced represent a policy line cleared by all ·interest d bureaus of the Department State 22593'0 was a world-wide policy statement coordinated and approved at the Assistant Secretary level of each regional bureau The instruction was direct d nqt to SECRfl'f ' ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 -- ECRE'i' ' selected countries but to all countries with which we maintain relations 1I The message to be conveyed was not our Olillingness to re-evaluate our relations d th ther t in light of their General Assembly record but to oake clear that their cooperation in the UN on issues of importance would be a consideration in our bilateral relations The difference bet1 'leen your summary of policy and the actual statement is significant enough to point out - 2 The remaining two cables St te 255900 and State 260081 were among the once-a-week messages sent only to ARA posts called ARA·weekly Highlights These are not cleared outside of that bureau Such a review of the week's events IIBill Luers is on' a speaking tour of the corn belt in a chatty style is not ' a definitive policy statement It is an in-house docpment designed to familiarize ARA posts with current developments and to convey some idea of major trends ' potentially affecting the posts and region It is not a policy-making vehicle but a reporting medium for the Assistant Secretary to the Ambassadors of his region Some confusuion may have been created unintentionally by using this in-ho -se document as a means of Ofurnenting on the pilateral pressure feature of our efforts to obtain support for our position on Korea particularly olhen juxtaposed with our Department-wide approved policy statement The Embassy given its position as described in BA 7234 seems to nave understood this distinction If you will re-read the ARA communications I think you will find that for the most part they address the Bureau's efforts to wrestle with the general problem of multilateral-bilateral coordinations whereas you have applied th ir contents fo the particular 1975 UN Korean resolution cas Thus in State 255900 where the Bureau requests full but not urgent consideration of the general problem of translating bilateral into multilat ral leverage this broad topic is clearly a different one from the current operational Korean yote problem dealt with seven paragraphs earlier in the cable I I g • ' I Nonetheless ARA will take steps to review the present terms of r eference of the Weekly Highlights so as to make explicit the fact that it is a vehicle for sharing I SECRD9 ' ' - ' ' 0 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 SECRE'%' 3 with the field the discussion of policy in the process of being made rather than a medium nu ciating the final product In pr eparing for the Korean debate in' the united nations this year we vTere confronted 'li th the central issue of persuading those governments not wholly committed to hostility tOvlard us to support our position on the competing Korean resolutions Bec use the Korean security problem is of major importance to us we wished to make this fact clear to all states with which we have relations As the Department's cable 225930 states they must realize that votes on the few issues which we define as vital to our interests are 6f such importance that failure to be responsive to our requests for cooperation will normally be reflected in our bilateral relations · While strongly stated it is a realistic statement for it is idle to suppose that bilateral relations would remain exactly the same despite displays of 'antagonism or lack of responsiveness toward the US on important matters The power of the US to influence events is often oVer-estimated' and the idea of 3nnctionG does not necessarily _ pplYi in some instances could not apply A politica1 affair suggests po litical means which can be more suotle than overt retaliation and which the Embassy in BUenos Aires appears to understand Witness their cable 7234 when our continued demarches finally convinced the Foreign Ministry that we placed extreme importance on this issue they egan to search for some means o'f accommodating us -- without giving away their owp position and further on in Paragraph 5 with the suggestion of a b t of horse trading over' the Malvinas In other words our cooperation for your cooperation A Department cable despatched tQ· a number of embassies detailing the US position on an issue before the UN and a·sking· that embassies present a demarche to their respective'host governments cannot equally detail the approach each e bassy should take in soliciting a vote nor did the Department do so beyond making clear that the vote will be taken seriously and that this factor should be conveyed to the country It would not appear a practical conduct of US foreign policy to ask lql embassies to debate with the Depart- I if J SHORE' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 8ECREl 4 ment whether or not the Korean issue is of vital American interest at this time or whether the US should or should not make a determined attempt to secure votes for the resolution it submits to the General Assembly The regional 'bureaus and country desks are of course consulted Obviously each embassy is in the better position to determine the direction or degree of political pressure or trade most likely to succeed Embassies are encouraged to suggest which forms of pressure are apt to be most successful and which likely to be counterproductive but they need to understand that a simple appeal not to apply any pressure is not responsive to the Department's effort to deal with the problem Thus the question to be debated is how best to exercise persuasion vis-a-vis a particular government in what area and if a trade-off of some sort is indicated what might be the US loss ersus the gain of a UN vote Inasmuch as the Korean issue will not be the last vote of its kind these considerations must continue to be under constant review Your dissent cable has been useful ·in furthering our discussion of these issues Sincerely W Winston Lord Director policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445862 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N o C06473526 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL I August-2l 1974 _I Sen10r SelTlinar Foreign Service Institute SA-3 Dear'-Tom- This is to acknowledge eceipt of your dissent memorandum dated August 9 rece1ved in this office on August 14 In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent· messages your memorandum'has been distributed to the offices of the Secretary the Executive 'Secretary ' e Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairman of the Secretary's Open Forum Panel I I I will see that you receive a reply·to your most timely comments as soon as possible t Sin cerely 6£ I Chairman • 1 II I - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473526 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473848 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 Department of State CONFIOe'MTIAI PAnE 01 PRETOR 02911 TELEGRAM at u 02 i20Z ' i · I AC'I'lON 'SP 03 INFO OCT-01 ESo02 210532 JUL 74 r Q 100e w FM AHEMBASSV PRETORIA TO SECSTATE WASHoe 0i60 N O USlA WASHoe Dl 6ENT I 0 M T A L PRETOR A 2g11 CHANN L EG o U662a · DS TAr s I OElee SF URJI OlSSENT MESSAG REFe PRETORIA 2857 AND 2787 J 1 FER TO DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE OF tPRETURIA 887 RELATING TO THE EXCHANSE V I5 I T C R P R O GR AM IN WH CH HE TAKES ISSUE WITH CERTAIN DECISIONS ON THIS PAOGRAM WH CH I HAD PER ONALLY APPROVED · I I I I • I 86 '-8 IT CERTAIN V NEEDS NO DEMONSTRATlON THAT OUR POLICY TOWARD SOIlTH AFRICA U TO USE THE OF'hQUOTEO 'PHRASE' ONE OF A6WORRENCE OF APARTHEID AND 'THE RACIAL POLICIES OF THE PRE8£NT SOIlTH AFRICAN REGIME Q WE HAV SUO SO MANV 'TIMES AT MANV L uELSQ I SHARE WITH MRo PRILLAMAN HIS OI L1K OF THIS O lE NMENTfS POL ICVv AND 1 AM OF COURSE UL I Y AWARE OF· THE MORAL D1LEMMAS THAT OUR OWN POL XCIES PRESENT IN THEIR ACTUAL MPLEI1ENTATION g WE CAN THROW UP OUR HANDS· AND WALl AWAY RnM THE ILLlaERA tTV OF THE PRESEN GOVERNMENT OR WE CAN I EF P HAMMERING AWAY AT IT SEEKPHi CHANGE FOR THE BETTER ST P BY STEP o SINCE WE CONT1NUE TO MAINTAIN FUL I FORMAL nlp OMATlC REI-A TIONS WITH SOUTH AFRICA TH · L ATTER COU SE ·IS Y H ONE THE USC' HAS WISEL Y ELEcn o TO ·FOL I-OW 5 FROM 'THIS H GH LEVEl DECISION FLOWS A NEED P'OR ME TO 'TAKE lNYC·AeCOUNT A WIOE RANGE op POSSIB E ACTJONS E INT NO CONF OENTI AL · -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06473848 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431399 Dat8 11713i2017 _ _--- 'VV ' AGENCY FOR INTERNATIO·NAL DEVELOPMENT RELEASE 6PART American Embassy West Building Chanakyapuri New Oelhi-21 India Telephone 7035 1 Telegrams 'USA-rO' May 27 1976 COlIfid ell tial Mr Reginald Bartholome'Y A cting Director Policy Planning Staff Department of State Washington DC 20520 Dear Mr Bartholomew Many thanks for your letter of May 7 commenting upon my dissent message IIDevelopm ent Aid as a Political WeaponI1 Interestingly you suggest that timing played a major role in the decision to withdraw ou aid offer Of course aiddecisions then on the table would be bureaucratically vulnerable to political uses I can well understand the pressures of the moment which prevailed Nevertheless one should expect that the art of foreign policy be more selective rising above mere bureaucratic expediency • While continuing respectfully to disagree with the aid to India decision I am grateful for your candid and articulate explanation Sincerely yours 86 Regional Legal Advisor GONFIDffifTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431399 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472898 Date 01 11 2018 - - '--------------------- - f 1 - -------------- Q E-4 ES C6NflBENTIAL til J oE-t REA 192 I'I' 2281'45 ' t PAGE 'i l 64 CR IGI INFO t 1004 R DRAFTED· BY S PC LRMURRAY APPR OVED BY S PC LRMURRAY ' ARA PLC MARTIN C Y SHEEHAN _________________ __ _ •• ' 034484 • R 192207Z NOV 73 FM SECSTATE WASHOe TO A EMBASSY SANTO DOMINGO e e FIe E N T I A L REF SO 04585 S 228145 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS PFOR OGEN DR SUBJECT DISSENTING VIEW STATE EMBASSY'S CABLE 02L90 OF MAY 23 WAS INADVERTENTLY MISDIRECTED IN DEPARTMENT AND AS RESULT APPROPRIKTE ATTENTION oJAS NOt GIVEN TO SUGGESTIONS CONTAINED' IN IIJESSAGE WE ARE NOW STUDYING YOUR VIE S AND HLL RESPOND WITH SPECIFIC COMMENTS AS SOON S POSSI8LE • o • ALL FIELD RESPONSES TO YOUTH PARA QUESTlONNA IRE ARE PRESENTLY' UNDER STUDY AND ENTIRE QUESTION IS EXPECTED l ' TO CO lE UNDER FORMAL REV lEW IN 3 OR 4 WEEKS _l V ' KISSINGER r a I Ilkle -- 'v· -·· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472898 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476727 Date 01 11 2018 - - ----------- --- --------- btl 1' 1 I tH I I I L ' Departlnen l oJ'State PAGE 81 or 01 STATE ORIGIN INro O T-ae ADS '09 s'BI 1119l R ·········--·--·-··3lS11l5 m9Ul 118 R 221SBU fEB U FII SECSTATE WASHOC TO An£ BAssr 1ft AVIV j i' I I I 1 A l STAT SI1887 DISSCHT CHANNfL fRail BOSIIQRTH TO IL-_ _ _ _ _ _----' I f o I2'S5 O Cl OADA PEPR IS IG JO PLO 11 •TAGS 'SUBJECT THE UHIT£D STATES AND THE PALESTlHUHS A HEED fOR AN OPEN 01 ALOGUE • rORI rROIIL-S P C IR E CT 0 R s rE PH E-N 8 DS OR TH-------- I IAI Tn AYIV 11552 CSI SliTE 351SH - e HTIRE Tun 2 Rum liAS A VERY THOUGHTfUL nESSAGE Ano IT GAVE US A eHAHCE TO REVIEII OUR POlley ON A VERY IhPoRTANT AND SENSITIVE SUBJECT J VE NoJ YOUR VIEv THAT tHE U S SHOULD fOSTER AN OVERAll POLICY OBJECT 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VELL TAKEN THE SUGG£STlON VE nACE rOR CoNUCT 11 fUMI5 vA5 EA T FCR THE PAElIIfIHARY STAGE THIS NEED Nor 8E m CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476727 Date 01 11 2018 -- - - - - - - - - - - - - 86 - - _0 -- - - -- -- --- --- - - --- -- - - - - - -- - - - -- - - - -- -- 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476727 Date 01 11 2018 UU IliU IIH I TELEGRAM· J 1 I 69NFreENTIAl I _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476727 Date 01 11 2018 i '- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431688 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN FULLI WEERi'S JOSEPH L 7 Si'A'II 98384 '5ECalFT sreRI' Si'AT AGE 01 IXIr S OR OI L Y '098384 lRIGIK S5-25 NFO QCT-01 150-00 550-00 026 R RAFTII BY ARA cIN JEICKS tCJOENSON lPPROVED BY ARA TTODMAK tIiA FDEVINE RAI CIN ME OV A IRA GLISTElR IB KHI L1 FARMSTR01 G lRA cEK WMATTHEWS - D 'I'ICI S- tl R Sl E ASTIAN ------------------3017342 3017222 APR 77 'M SICSTATJ WASEDC O AMEM ASSY SAK SALVAtOR IMMEDIATE Tie n E 'LS'IATE 2 98384 1X 15 FOR AMBASSADOR FROM TODMAN l O 083038 53 11652 GDS AGS PIOR SHUl ES U JICT RILATIOKS WITH TEl GOES NIXT PEASE • IN AKTICIPATIOI OF YOUR DEPARTURE ON OR ABOUT JUNE 1 'I WISE CAREFULLY AND EMPHATICALLY TO ADDRESS WITH THE GOES I E MOLL l A AKD PRESID El T-ELECT ROMERO S LIINT IRRITANTS N OUR CURRENT EILATIRAL RELATIONS MOST PARTICULARLY WE 'ISE TO UKBIRSCORI TBI CONTINUITY AND DEPTH OF OUR CONCERN IN THE RICEARbsON CASE IN PARTICULAR VIE S RECENTLY OMMUNICATED FROM THE POS1 HAVE BEEN GIVEN CAREFUL CON IDERATIOK IN THIS CONTEXT THE STRATEGY OUTLINED BELOW SEeRB'f SECRE'f 'AG-I 02 STATE 098384 S ONE WI DllM MOST EFFECTIVE YOU SEOULD ARRANGE A MEETING ITH PRESIDENT MOLINA 0 TAlE FLAC DURING THF WEEK OF MAY 16 TEE NEW ARA elK CU NTRY DIRECTOR lvADE fHTTBEWS f IILL jAKE TRIP SPECI 'I ALLY TO BI ABLE TO ATTFNI' ITB YOU YOU SHOULD ALSO RRAKGE FOR A COURTESY CALL O PRE3iDEKT-ELEGT ROMERO TO ICCUR OK TEl SAME DAY BUT SUBSEQUEET TO THE MEETING WITH leLI NA ' AT THE MEETING WITE MOLINA YOU SEOULD INFORM ElM BAT BECAUSE OF TEl' NA'IUNI OF SOME OF TE1·Sf PROELEMS 'J HAVE ARRANGED FOR A COURTESY CALL BY MR MATTHEWS ON O fEao THE FOLLml ING POINTS SHOULD BE MADE - FIRST EXPRISS OUR CONCERN AhD DEIP REGRET OVER FOREIGN I ISTER BORGONOVO'S KIDNAPPING AED OUR AWARINESS OF THE PICIAL CIRCUMSTANCES AND CHALLENGES CONFRONTING THE GaLS THIS TIME AID OUR DESIRE TO REMOVE YET ANOTEll COM 'lIGATING FACTOR - NAMELY TEE PRFSINT TibSIOK IK US GOIS SEGRE I EXDIS OR ONLY - -- --- - -- __ ---- - --- -- PAGE 1 - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431688 Date 11 13 2017 - t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431688 Date 11 13 2017 FFICIALS'OF TEl SALVABORAI GOVERNMI T HE WILL TAKE TEE FPOR1UNI1Y OF HIS PRESENCE TO SPEA TO EMBASSY PERSONKFL IOWEVER TO MAKE CLEAR THE UNABATING RESOLVE OF dASHINGTON 0 PURSU hUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES AND TO CONFER O ANY OTHER SSUE OF INTEREST TO THE EMBASSY - UNDERSCORE 'IEE USG'S SERIOUS CONTINUING DISSATISFAC' 'ION lVER GOES REACT-10K OF TER RICHA DSON CASE INDICA' l TEAi WI WOULD LIK1 TO RISOLVE THIS IaRITANT N OUR RELATIONS • - ALSO SPIAK TO THI MORE GENIRAL QUESTION OF 'IREA'IM N'I SECREr SEO 1I'f 'AGE 03 STATE £93394 AMERICANS CITING RECENT PROELEMS WITH AMERICAN CLERGYUN • - SPECIFICALLY REFER TO OUR PROTEST CO CERNING THE QUES IONABLE TRIATMINj OF FAT1ER BERNARD SURVIL AkD TEl LACK 1 READY ACCESS FOR CONSULAR OFFICERS TO TiACY NIELSEN • - STATE TEAT IE SEEK FROM EL SALVADOR ASSURA1CES THAT EIIR GOVERNMENT WILL OBSERVE INTERNATIONAL CONVENTIONS ONCIRtIIG El TRIA' MltT OF DITAINElS AND paISONERS • •- AKE CLIAR TEAT IF NO SUCH ASSURAKCES CAN BE P OVIDED tHD IF A ERICANS CONTINUE TO BE TEE OBJECT OF QUISTIONA LE REATMINT AT TEE EANDS OF SALVADORAN OFFICIALS THAT WE ILL BE FORCID TO CONSIDEa 11 SALVADO A PLACE WHERE LMIRICANS SAFETY AND RIGH1S CAHIOT BE GUARAN1EIL D WILL SO CAGTION rHE AMIRICAN PUBLIC -- INtICATE ThAT WI ARE LOOKING FOaWARD TO RECEIVING THE fULL FINDINGS OF THE A1 ORNEY GE1ERA1'S INVESTIGATION • - KOTE THAT wE HOPE TO AVOID REACHING SUCE A STAGE INC3 'WE ARE WELL AWARE OF THE IMPORTANCE OF AMERICAN OUBISM fO 11 SALVADOR AND OF THE EED FOR POSITIV3 LIMATE lOR A lBICAN BUSINESSMII CONTEMPLATIIG INVESTlENT I TEAT COUKTRY -- FND IK A COUNTIRBALANCING POSITIVI VEIN BY STATING HAT wE to NOT WISH TO HAVE EXACERBATED RELATIORS WITH i1 SALVADOR AND OULD HOPE TEAT TbISE REASONABLE REQUESTS AN ln IYlf l' SOOK 'SO WI CAl HE STOin AS SOOK AS PO S5I EL E TEE fRIENDLY' TENOR OF OUR RELATIONS -- MATiEIWS 11 PARTICULAR WILL iOTi THAT YOUR DEPARTURE N NO WISE DI OTES ANY DI IKUTIONIN TEl DEPARTMENT'S 1TENSITY P l D ''lOMENTUM Oi TEESE A m OTF ER EUMAN BIGETS SE GRg EeIUT 'AG1 04 STATE 098384 iAT'T' RS ELEAtOR HICKS WILL BE BEARING SAME GENERAL MESSAGES lS MATfEIWS DURING EIR MIITINGS WITl SALVADORAN OFFICIALS II HOPE IN THIS MANNER TO STRESS THE CONTIKUITY OF USG OLICY AKD THUS DISPEL ANY FRROKEOUS NOTION 'IHAT US' i Utv AN RIGETS COl Cl aI S IN It SALVADOR OR 01 THE RICHARDSON S eRr'f EXDIS OR ONL Y PAGE 2 I OEIRTS JOSIPF L 77 STATI 96384 SECRE'f EXDIS OR O LY ASE AY HAVE EEEN MERELY A PERSONAL PREOCCUPATION OF A fEW EMBASSY OFFICIALS WE ASSUME TBI GOlS WILL CONTIKUI 10 FIND IT BIFFICULT R U KTENABLE FOR WHAT EVER REASON TO PROV IDE US TRULY lESPOrSIVl I FORMATION ON THE RICHARDSON CAS E ALSO lSSUME HOWEVER THAT ROMERO DOES WISH TO REMOVE THAT LBATROSS rRO THE GOVERNMINT'S NICK EEFORE BE ASSUMES 'OWER Ih JULY IF TEESE ASSU PTIONS ARE CORRECI WI i'VT t 'Il m mt llm 1 1 r · nrToI T''r T 'n UTM ACertD '- fT l n 1 'JT Inlt DTV UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016- Q7 4 D 9 q 9 06431688 Date 11 13 2017 -UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State-Case No F 203 7 3 i O 'C06431688 Date 11 13 2017 it PO SIVI INFORMATION ON THE RICHARDSON CASI WE ALSO SSUME HOWEVER THAT ROMERO DO S WISH TO' REMOVE THAT IL ATROSS FRO THE GOVERNMENT'S NECK BIFORE HE ASSUMES lOWER Ih JULY IF TEESE ASSUKPTIONS Aai CORRICT WI X FEeT TfiAT IV E CA i OET AIl FR O i HIM AS SURA1 ers PREFERABLY K WRITING POSSIBLY COUCHED AS A RESPONSE TO OUR PROTEST OTI OVIR SURVIL AND NIELSEN TEAT INTERNATIONALLY ECO GJSIZ ID ST' ANDAl -DS 9F _TR EATt4J JJ OF DETA Il li§ oft FR r ONERS ILL E AI TAINED AND THAT THF SAFETY AND RIGHTS OF MIiICAN CITIZINS IN IL SALVADOR WILL NOT BE IN QUESTION ElL IK TEl CUSTODY OF SALVALORAN AUTEORITIES WE WILL ILL STRESS OUR DISMAY OVER THE UNSATISFACTORY OUTCOME OF hI RICEARDSOK INVISTIGATION ASSUMING IT IN FACT STILL ROVES UNENLIGHTENING • WI WILL WISE TO DECIDE I LIGHT OF rHE NATURE OF E RESPONSES ON TErSE PARTICULAR MATTERS ANr IN CONJUNCION WITH OUR ASSESSMENT OF GENIRAL EUMAN RIGETS CONDITIONS K EL SALVADOR WHETHER WI CAN IN GOOD CONSCIENCE SIGN EI FI 77 SICURITY ASSISTANCE AGREEMENT THIS LATIER OINT SEOULD KOT REPIAT KOT U Dla ANY CIRCU SiANCES I CONVEYED TO THE GOES HOWEVER SiGRI9 SBCRET STATE 09B354 • TEE EXACT IMI OF 'IHE MEITI NG t OF COURSE v ILL BI I YOUR IISCRETIOK AND WE REALIZE MAY BE AFFICTED BY ftlvlIFICA'IIOi S OF EVEa TS RELATED TO FOREIGN MI1 ISTER CRGONOVO'S ABDUCTION OR OTRIR INTERNAL POLI ICAL ErVELOPENTS E RISTOP FR AGE' 05 SECftET --' -'-'- - ------ _--_ _ ----- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201 07743 Doc No C06431688 Date 11 13 2017 _ CO 641688 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 I RELEASE IN FULL ROBERTS JOSEPH L 77 STATE 98384 SECRET SECRE'I PAGE 01 STATli 098384 OlU GINS 5-25 INFO OCT-01 150-00 550-00 026 R DRAFTED BY ARA CIN IHICKS TICJOENSON APPROVED BY ARA TTODMAN UTII S On Ol L Y AJiA FDEVINE ARA CEN fv OVA ARA GLISTER D HA KHILL L FARMSTROM ARA CEN WMATTHEWS P- D TICE 8 5- MR SEBASTIAN ------------------301734Z 083038 53 301722Z APR 77 FM SECSTAT WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY SAK SALVADOR IMMEDIATE SIC RET 51ATE 098384 IXDIS FOR AMBASSADOR FROM TODMAN E O 11652 GDS 'IAGS PIOR SHUM IS SU JECT RILATIONS WITH TEl GOES NiXT PHASE 1 IN AKTICIPATION OF YOUR DEPARTURE ON OR ABOUT JUNE 1 W1 WISE CAREFULLY AND EMPHATICALLY TO ADDRESS WITH THI GOES I E MOLINA AND PRESIDENT-ELECT ROMERO SALIENT IRRITANTS IN OUR CURRENT BILATERAL RELATIONS MOST PARTICULARLY WE WISE TO UNDERSCORI THI CONTINUITY AND D PTH OF OUR CONCERN ON THE RICHARbsON CASE IN PARTICULAR VIE S RECENTLY COMMUNICATED FROM THE POS1 HAVE BEEN GIVEN CAREFUL CONSIDERATION IN THIS CONTEXT ' 'HE STRATEGY OUTLINED BELOW SECRE'I' SECRET PAGE 02 STATE 098384 IS ONE vE D1Efi MOST E FFECTIVE 2 YOU SHOULD ARRANGE A MEETING ITH PRESIDENT MOLINA 'IO TAKE PLACE DURING THE WEEK OF MAY 16 THI NEW ARA eEN COUNTRY DIRECTOR WADE MATTHEWS WILL MAKE A TRIP SPECIFICALLY TO BE AELE TO ATTEND NITH YOU YOU SHOULD ALSO ARRA GE FOR A COURTESY CALL ON PRESIDENT-ELECT ROMERO TO OCCUR OK THE SAMI DAY UT SUBSEQUENT TO THE MEETING WITH MCLINA 3 AT THE MEETING WITE MOLINA YOU SHOULD INFORM HIM 'THAT BECAUSE OF THE IJATURI OF SOt-IE OF TEESE PnOBLEMS I HAVE ARRANGED FOR A COURTESY CALL BY MR MATTHEWS ON ROM Eao 4 THE FOLLOWING POINTS SHOULD BE MADE -- FIRST EXPRI SS OUR CONCERN Al D DEEP REGRET OVER FOiUIGN MINISTER BORGONOVO'S KIDNAPPING A D OUR AWARENESS OF THE o C 'nr I' TIIT TT' In rcm Io 't o - •• - _ - •• - _ • • _ _ _ - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 co 641688 6 IEP u s Departm nt State-Case No F-2016-07743 n Hj004 'r Doc No C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 ' SECRET I EXDIS OR ONLY DOES NO FLAK TO MEET WITE OTEER 'OFFICIALS'OF Hl SALVADORAi GOVEREMEiT HE WILL TAKE TEE OPPORTUNITY OF HIS PRESENCE TO SPEAK TO EMBASSY PERSONNEL HOWEVER TO MAKE CLEAR THE UNABATING RESOLVE OF ASHINGTON TO PURSUl hUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES AND TO CONFER ON ANY OTHER ISSUE OF INTEREST TO THE EMBASSY -- UNDERSCORE THE USG'S SERIOUS CONTINUING DISSATISFACTION OVER GOES REACTION ON TER RICHARDSON CASE INDICATl TEAT WE WOULD LIKl TO arSOLVE THIS IaRITANT IN OUR RELATIONS • -- ALSO SPEAK TO THE MORE GENERAL QUESTION OF TRIATMENT SECRE'I' SECRE T PAGE 03 STATE 098384 OF AMERICANS CITING RECEI T PRO ELEMS WITH AMERICAN CLERGYRI1ATIO S MATTHE S lo'llN -- SPECIFICALLY REFER TO OUR PROTEST CONCERNING THE QUES'fIONABLE 'I'R AT lINT OF FATl IR BERNARD SURVIL AND TEl LACK OF READY ACCESS FOR CONSULAR OFFICERS TO TRACY NIELSEN -- STATE THAT E SEEK FROM EL SALVADOR ASSURANCES THAT 'lHEIR GOVFRl MI NT WILL O SIRVE INTERN'ATIONAL CONVEllTIONS CONCIRn N'G 'I'HI 'ilRlATM NT OF D1TAU1EI S A1m PRI SONER S -- MAKE CLRAR THAT IF NO SUCIi ASSURAKCES CAN BE P iOVIDED AND IF AMERICANS CONTINUE TO BE THE OEJECT OF QUESTIONABLE TREATMENT AT TEF HANDS OF SALVADORAl OFFICIALS THAT WE WILL BE FORCED TO CONSIDER EL SALVADOR A PLACE WHERE AMERICANS SAFETY AND RIGHTS CANNOT BE GUARANIEID AND WILL SO CAUTION THE AMERICAN PUBLIC -- INtICATI THAT WE ARI LOOKING FOaWARD TO RECEIVING THE FULL FINDINGS OF THE ATTORNEY GENERAL'S INVESTIGATION -- NOTE THAT WE HOPE TO AVOID REACHING SUCH A STAGE SINCE'WE ARE WELL AWARE OF THE IMPORTANCE OF AMERICAN OURISM TO EL SALVADOR AND OF THE NEED FOR POSITIVE CLIMATE FOR AM1RICAN BUSINESSME CONTEMPLATIKG INVESTMENT IN THAT COUNTRY -- END IN A COUNT1RBALANCING POSITIVE VEIN BY STATING THAT WE DO NOT WISH TO HAVE EXACERBATED RELA IONS WITH 11 SALVA OR AND OU1D HOPE TEAT TEESE REASONABLE REQUESTS CAN BE IHT SOON SO WI CAN RESTORt AS SOaR AS PO SSI BL E TEE FRIENDLY TENOR OF OUR RELATIONS -- MATTEliWS I I PARTICULAR WILL iOTE THAT YOUR DEPARTURE IN NO WISE DENOTES ANY DIMINUTIONIN TEL DIPARTMENT'S IKTENSITY A D MOMENTUM ON TEESE AND OTHER EUMAN RIGHTS SECRET SECRET PAGE 04 STATE 098384 lATTERS • 5 ELEANOR HICKS IILL BE BEARING SA 1E·GENERAL MESSAGES A MAT'f'UlvS DURING l llR MHTIl GS llTf SALVADORAN OFFICIALS WE HOPI IN THIS MANNER TO STRESS THE CONTINUITY OF USG POLICY AKt THUS DISPEL ANY ERRONEOUS NOTION HAT USG EUMAN RIGHTS CONCERNS IN IL SALVADOR OR 01 THE RI CHAHDSON SECRIT I EXnIS OR ONLY PAG 2 ROBlRTS JOSIPE L 77 STATE 98384 SECRET' I EXDIS OR ONLY CASE MAY HAVE BEEN MERILY A PERSONAL PREOCCUPATION OF A FEW EMBASSY OFFICIALS E WE ASSUME THE GOES WILL CONTI NOR TO FIND IT BIFFICULT OR UNTENABLE FOR WHATEVER REASON TO PROVIDE US TRULY RESPOKSIVl INFORMATION ON THE RICHARDSON CASE WE ALSO ASSUME HOWEVER THAT ROMERO DOES WISH TO R MOVE THAT UNCLASS'IFIED u s Departm t f·st t ·Ca N· 'F -£C 16 -07743 'D 'N C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 C06416886 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 U £ La WEILl If £ n vnuvn Wl Vl D 1ft u rlUN • TEI CUSTODy OF SALVADORAN AUTHORITIES 'dE 'IlILL S11LL STRESS OUR DISMAY OVER THE UNSATISFACTORY OUTCOME OF · TEE iICEARDSON INVESTIGATION ASSUMING IT IN FACT STILL 'PROVES UNENLIGHTENING 7 WE WILL WISH TO DECIDE IN LIGHT OF THE NATORE OF 'TEl R ESPONSIS Ol THESE PART CULAR MATTERS AND IN CONJUNC'IION WITH OUR ASSESSMENT OF GENIRAL EUMAN RIGHTS CONDITIONS IN EL SALVADOR WHETHER WE CAN IN GOOD CONSCIENCE SIGN 'IfF FY 77 SECURITY ASSISTANCE AGREEMENT THIS LATTER POUlT SEOULD lWT REP£A'I lWT UNDEii ANY CIRCUMSTANCES BE CONVEYED TO THE GOES HOWEVER SICRET SECRET FAG 05 STATE 098394 8 TEl EXACT lIME OF 'I'HE MEETING OF COURSE 'I1ILL BE AT YOUR LISCRETION AND WE REALIZE MAY BE AFFECTED BY RAMIFICATIO S OF EVENTS RELATED TO FOREIGN MINISTER BORGONOVO S ABDUCTION OR OTHER INTERNAL POLITICAL EEVELOPMINTS CERISTOPP IR SECRET _1M M • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416886 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473529 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STAT E Wllhlnilon D C 20520 UNCLASSI FIED November 4 19 74 86 MEMORANDUM TO 'INR cis - sIp - SamueL 'FROM SUBJECT P Lewis pissent Message on Visa Procedures re Public Charge We have been exploring your interesting dissent message of September 13 regarding' the elimination of public charges' under Section 212 · a IS of the Immigration and Nationality Act arid we took this matter' up w th S ' i SCA advises us that ncertain spects of the message are of direct relevance to an overall re-examination of standards and proc dures unde section 2l2 a 1S that is-currently b ing conducted by he Visa Office and it is therefo e being considered' in conjunction with this re-examination After 'the SCA review and further' consideration by SIP which we hope can be completed in the·near· future we will communicate with you once again 'Clear nces OFP - seA - Mr Smith e A Mr RecknagW1 a--' SIP RBFinn' mjk ' x22456 UNCJ aASS rFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473529 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473850 Date 01 11 2018 __________- - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 PAGE IRELEASE IN FULLI ACTION CU-03 INFO OCT-01 ISO-OO AF-04 R 270947Z JUN 74 EM PRS-01 USIA 04' 013 W -------- ----- --- 065689 AMEMBASSY PRETORIA TO SECSTATE WASHDC'0128 CON i 1 0 E U I 1 Ii PRETORIA 2787 t IMDIS c E O 11652 GDS TAGS OEXC SF SUBJ SOUTH AFRICAN PASSPORT DENIALS'POR'EXCHANGE VISITORS 1 WE HAVE LEARNED S'AG HAS REFUSED PASSPORT POR' IV GRANTEE 'ADVOCATE' I MAHOMET WITH IV GRANTEES 'KGWARE AND CACHALIA THIS IS THIRD REFUSAL'IN'RECENT'WEEKS 2 HOWEVER MIN INTERIOR K DER S'WELL AS'DFA HAVE INTITATED PERSONAL TELEPHONE CALLS TO AMBASSADOR CONCERNING THEIR 'EMBARRASSMENT THIS'ACTION' D'STRESSED THAT'IN' EACH CASE 'REFUSAL WAS BASED-ON MATERIAL'IN EACH INDIVIDUAL'S DOSSIER v o·THAT THESE WERE NOT ACTIONS' DIRECTED AGAINST -'US EXCHANGE VISITOR PROORAM MULDER DECLINED 'HOWEVER ' TO STATE PRECISE 'GROUNDS iOR SAG REFUSAL ' DPA REPORTED SEC INTERIOR TO AVOID FUTURE 'PROBLEMS SUGGESTED ADVANCE' LEARANCE'OF'OOR'PROPOSED RANTEES WITH INTERIOR WHICH AMBASSADOR FLATLY 'REJECTED 3 IN VIEW OF FOREGOING WE INTEND NO 'REPRESENTATIONS ON THESE REFUSALS HOWEVER MAHOMET'MAY'WELL TAKE-REFUSAL'TO PRESS ' IN THIS CASE WE SHALL 'LIMIT OURSELVES TO STATING AND ONLY ON AN IF ASKED BASIS ' THAT SAG INFORM 'EMBASSY DIRECTLY OF REFUSALS - WITHOUT-MENTION 'OF LEVEL' - AND THAT QUESTIONS AS TO REASONS SHOULD 'BE ADDRESSED 'TO AG ITSSLF 4 WE BELIEVE THIS WOULD BE'BEST'LINE POR'ANY RESPONSE 'INCLUDING BY DEPT IN ORDER TO'PREVENT POSsIBILITY OF DRYING UP ANY FUTURE COMMENTS WHICH 'OFFICIALS OF SAG KIGHT MAKE TO US CONP'iDEN1'IAfI CON FI9SNTIkt PAGE 02 PRETOR 02187' 280614Z HURD ' NNN 'PAGE - n - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473850 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743' Doc No C06476087 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 I iJ ' n ' W C H 6 raer Ir OIST ll 'i 'm'lli Ii Ii j 1 IW I 10 rUln rOIIOIl rr OCl I I tyt C r S 1 1 H r H ITOl' Olmqr VITH COLLE_vUE I JII ' v PG iE 'tv ii i l ' sn lilE PRt lIJS J ' ij tr r 'f ' H' I' 'I- C £ O ON TH CII EIIl Sv n •• tV J t I r Pi ' 'II CC r U 1 S1 IIISU G ' Cr 0 'H it H Sl iCIC · r C ' '$ ' rC liI jS III IXIS R 'iIOIl 11 IE ·'WICY a1 Co 5rri l 1 OH'iS ITSn CF IAW f f·' ltrl an S 11I' r 1T M O 0 • C r$ li EoS S t 'C l I vt T I · r pveHtA Cf IH ·YI£WA l SVEJ£C ro 4110IH IQO 110 QUOH $HHRY u ·1 £XOI t - J 15COIIOII rUII v ·-·----C2 V S AlI xc JA AS susH I u S POll£Y IOll4RO VltTIl a o KIl l UCK£A 1 0 I m c · I S rrp C G l l nOCI ·us NOTE BY O T OISS£III ATIOII tOORO UQU 1I1Ii t S·O IIAJIII LIt- -li- - - '- i-' -C- -l- -'tI lii A 'i o o 86 OF Gi Tr GH'iEC ro I il ' 0 CMt r4 ' 'IRS c r tHi ' IS r $r S t·' Hl' e £ POLIC C6J enY ' 10 tilviiliS l£ r i TflP H S e T1v S IlS iJ£ltRI6£ J ' -n 0'5 SH'''O lW 10 f lII n c ' Pl' 'O 1$ UjF' JO' H Ii j i HTEL GIf' S 1t OnpL n ' H'4TfOU ot r TC 1 f f t r r 1 1 G I ' G 'JP r I J v IS $I ' or CH Ri t J Ti E r l £ G I T tCC 'i Ii F 'c -- 'S J i llr H l C iiiI 'Jr iO um IIQL or ' lIJ H rO C£$ o X P ' l 'I ' SU V V l 1110 IIAIIOI l S£lF·O IO'H I I'O l ''' £ t r £ cu t C i F C 'u5£ 5Y r H ' 4C RtHI WoOS ' C Ot rll S J · W TlY P 11 i'O r SU O I' 'I T i UUtTU 1 TI 01 IC IC 0 iCVI T IlliLU£ ' £ IO ttlnlll on 0 savl J lllilRl' •• t 11••• il 1O 'JfH Otr 6 r y Sf C 'v'''ts ''HIC -l H H' 'i ni IS JlH£ vlc u n 1I i cJn Y c £CCII 'IC' U l ' 3 'II' O KI c iiCto I I 'I 'W I Vi£TIIQr · Ar PUC C iicelin IS - I ' A S U H S ''' il ttY l'aul iUiIOH F Hfll · lIf' 1I0X H03LE t 11 m £vH II$1L U tAH' £ • eHIl iO 'J'Ll 1101 ' C P SellJTlCII III A '·ve 'A I 'HI K Pt H 10 or qINA m C H ITf 0 I Ivo'lieU S1liAIEGY I IH yl l IAr J HUE i or n£ U WICtS iO LIYIII 0 'IGT O l 1ST '£S TO OFP V 'Tl 2110t flO sell s ml·SIH 'OU' prC1co 'TlCr I KHI1r R l $HI t 'Inl eRe ' 'Hln s VHieK rL1 oe cu J '1S1t P O OJ ' II n£itun ' iI' ct lH roCcupiT' P 1 or tI Ii 'I i 1 l H CIIS£ cr n ew Hi G ry VIS·A·V S HHf' I nll to ' ' ' lin 'l l' Ile I IN rHE PA I lit al VH UHO£iiCSIII A tO VICInal ' i · ' I U S 6JL II 0i s IAI O t O'TH CC SiO alt tHe i YoO iC' PC 1l0i 5tu v Tl'U l£ Z ·'·Pl 1' len GK U ltrS Cf HI ' '1 1 L r t O Q Vf D rMROtlGH nl6Jtl1i lDI1 CHua - 'I • I'''' i ' I 'l I' wet IH J JO H'VE i I i lCOU$ no Ens IJT IHosE 'RO'l H'Y 10 ae 'P' Hu 1 m CC l' l or rHE Vlir Qr fSE CRIO V'EV I f V'C1 Ar IS ME · lJ I IOOeHIIIQ IS IF ullm ••• VtEillAII US A I AP oae ' CI' 11l t 10 IH Ka UCH CEl E IHIiE Yt iiS QGO VI£TN il 0 £ LS II S Ll tc rr Ie l E S lIiCGI nt I ' I e r t ie H Vft I t IS Ui t it Ph '5l£ IS i 'J H C to r r 1l i 't J c SQH n Hn'il iH l I Colr •• I' C • 1 ' 'iLl C3 1510E' A Ll r r c 10 r tsr vt IJIIS 51 AIUS 0 n· Htn JOt I CF CHII ' i ' $ i j o t ' Ct t SiS t' ' 2 Y A £411 1 0 UE _ 'Ii ' TO H r ' r C t rs r ' 'P ' ' t 1 s HC I01 H1 fjili '1 111 1r ' I ' ' I lI t J ' 'J i in 'Hv'· - C ri SEr RE T 1101 r E ' ·qO IJC£ ·Il n' r l1l 'C H li ll cr i t 'flH Il'e r ' Hv UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476087 Date 01 11 2018 ------------------------------ U C SS IE3 S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431418 Date 11 13 2017 -- RELEASE IN PART 86 May 7 1976 eONP IBEli'i'IAL 86 Regional Legal Advisor USAID American Embassy New Delhi J • Dear -I_ _ _--II Thank you very much for your dissent cable of March 10 dealing with the political uses of aid You are raising points of genuine concern and ones that have been widely considered in overall aid policy formulation as well as in the specific case of India I could take issue with a number of the points that you make but I am sure thd you know the arguments and counterarguments very well I would only point out that development aid to India became--as you express it--the sacrificial lamb simply for probably unfortunate reasons of timing aid decisions were on the table at the moment when we felt that a political signal had to be sent at the time tilere was no other relevant element of the Indo-US relationship available to be used as the medium for a neoessary message In regard to the broader proposition of relating aid to political criteria you have stated your case cogently and the problems that you raise are matters Which in their general form we all consider to be far from closed questions I would observe that we believe it legitimate both in relation to congressional mandates and to the standards of sensible public policy that development aid decisions as among countries which are qualified on need and developmental criteria not be immune from considerations of a political or inter-governmental order In the case of India when the head of government made and repeated statements about the United States which were both unfriendly and untrue and which by ±mplication supported suggestions that u s aid workers were intelligence agents the demands of the political order for a clear and concrete response were of great importance CONPIDBlf'fIAL - - - --- -- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No ----- - F-2016-07 _poe No C06431418 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 743 Doc No C06431418 Date 11 13 2017 COliPIDBWf AL - 2 - Your message is of course being forwarded to the I had intended to suggest further that you submit the substance of it to· ·Op·en· Forum but as this letter was being prepared Peter Lydon informed me that you had already done this I think your piece will be a useful contribution to an important discussion although it should not be shown as having been a dissent message as well Secreta y Sincerely yours Re Acting Director Policy Planning Staff t r f ---------_ _-- ------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431418 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc N C06472753 Date 01 11 2018 a • _ • • _ • - _ _ _ _ • l T '- - -'-' ' • ' - _ _ _ _ $' eil l 1 1 • • • of - Department of State REL ASE IN PART -S 6 • --_ _ _-' TELEGiAM lMITED ' 'OFFlelAL • ••• ' US p c r £01 50 AcnON SP E 02 OC f'5J1I 1 INFO 06 w j' JUN 14 FM AM£M84SSY i b' AV%V 'TO·SECSTAYE· WA8H e 2185 19 951 R LIMIT O OFFICI4L 3 05 USE TeL AViV DISSENT CH4NNtiL rt Q 06521 N A 'UA S' EAIO EAGR U' sUQ I ISRAEl ' S ' FV 191 PI ' 4n 'I'l'f1 1 i REFI A TEL' AVIV 26Q81 I i e REQ lReMENTS AVIV 33015 T I · FOLLOW%NG REPRESENTS 01SSENTIN VI WS CSEE REF BJ 01' I ECONOMIC COMMERCIAL' OF leElr I L--_---' ·eeA Eo • I BEI IEv'E EMBASsY'S ORIGINAL PROPOSAl t EF A WAS SOUNDL v TO EXT NT THAt ISRAEL S SECURITY SITUATldN REgUI ES USG FINANCIAL ·ASSISTANce •• AND IT ' NO' SUPPORTING ASSI$TANCE' HE UNQUEST ONABbV OOES MlLlf RY e EDIr APPROPRIATE USG AS BEEN ·GENERQUS wl'TH THIS AID ANO LilILL· UNOOU8TE·D V CONTINUE· TO BE 50 AS FOR 'ECONOMIC ASS STANce· ESPECUI I Y '1 '1 480 ISRAEL'S JNCR£AS1 NG PR SPER'TY H S 'PR GRESSiVELY fRQDEO ISRAEL'S CASE OUR p 486 AS tsTANCf IS OR ·URGENTLY NEEDED BV COUNTRIES WITH ON£nFl TH OF lSRAEL S ·peR CAPnA G N P ' •• _ KEATING ' L '1MUe 'O OfFICIAl USE _ _ _ t '''bU _ _ _ _ _ - -n --- - _ _ _ _ _____ • 1_ - __ ______ - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472753 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472900 Date 01 11 2018 -- 1 'lt -- 'IIAIIIIII ' I q •• I ' t • • •L IMI ID JO ftSatl'-IIUII '1' I f It v • I II ••••• S'il l I N I I' y f •• · _· • l •••• - t 1 1M Itll 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UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472900 Date 01 11 2018 't •• I' -· · __ •• jS ' po f ' I - 0# - • r • • 'I I UIot Uu ' e' I I tI Ad If he ' I w t 'fhe 8 1 • ti ii r HI • ' • ff iD ii ·tu i· I - - - - j - - - -- It • I ' Ij' ' ' I o '1 ' ' T 1 ·' 1 - • • A U · ' ' '1 e J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472900 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446302 Date 12 11 2017 e • au • - _ • j • ' pl t 6 - o °t -' _ - _ • t 1 1 · ' 1 - 1 RELEASE IN PART 1 86 ·' ··r TO Pl i Sl S - '----_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _----' SIP - i nthony L l ROl·l SUB J C' r Di$ el t Cf al11 1al le mo1 nndum Oil • I •• -tr ' - l · 86 -11 •• • 0 1' I ' t - · '1· f Kenya · I ••• • f L Ai I C ' 1 • r hi ve I eced ved youl t di sent mC f Qr ndum on US po l icy in riy • · I h t' 'c clistri 1 Qd copies to tta S3cr tLry th Rxecuti S cretary and th Chairrr c l1 of tll0 Open FOl 'um as · ell «s th · Uncle secretaries for Political i ffeirs and Sccu ity hssistance the Assistant S cretary for friC h id f airs nna the D i r ctcr fo - ·cH tico1 iJ i1 il1 Y Affc-iirs Dan Spiegt l i on my staff ' 1 11 be co nH ' ating anI' reply _ • • · ·l· ' - 'i 'I'hank you for 'using the channel We 'lHl be responding as promptly as p·ossible to the issues you have raised v 1l • J• 'h o' i UNCLASSIPIED ' 1 EE2F 'ZO' 1 'l''l'i CHIv ENT • c • 1i ' $ • ' i 4 'r • J 1· _ ' r •• - ' Ji I or oJ _ _ _ _ _- _ - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446302 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476733 Date 01 11 2018 Acn ON'·· fJ 13 g Iii til a l'l IJ 13 MElli j Ii h1 11 tI G EBNF I DENT I AL Del arfl1l nt Q ' Stille COpy AGE EL' A 00016 G-T·-·0- ·R 0309042 TELEGRAM 'R-E-L-E-A-S-E-IN---' PART 86 0309082 ACTI N SP-02 INFO' INCOMING AOS-00' ES' 01 004 W ------------------136070 JAN 83 l f t i 3784 0309102 38 FM AMEMBASSV TEL AVIV TO SECSTATE WASHoe 0569 e 0 14 jr e I f UTI n l TEL AVIV 00016 DISSENT CHANNEl I FOR S P - OPEN FORUM FOR ERIC SVENDSEN NROM I E O 12356 DECl OAOR TAGS PREl IS EG JO XF PLO SUBJECT THE U AND THE PALESTINIANS OPEN t IAl OGUE I eSIlFISEIiTIM REFS A ENTIRE 82 STATE 360755 AVI 18S62 l ' GaPIFISEPITIAL - I L -_ _ _ _ _ __ I• 86 NEED FOR AN o 6 82 STATE 352554 ENTI RE TEXT 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR SUGGESTION THIIT WE CONSIOER PUBLISHING OUR OISSENT CHANNEl MESSIIGE IN THE OPEN FORUM JOURNIIL E Ill WHILE WE AGREE WITH YOU THAT THE ISSUES RAISED WOUl D BE OF INTEREST TO A WID R AUDIENCE IN THE FOREIGN AFFAIRS COMMUNITY OUR PRIMARY INTEREST T·THJS TIME·IS A FOCUSED POl lCY RE VI EW AMONG A L I MI TED NUM6ER OF OEC 51 ON-MAKERS PUBLICATION OF THE VIE S WE EXPRESSED COULD BE USEFUl UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS aUT WE 00 NOT REPEAT NOT BELIEVE THE TIME IS APPROPRIATE NOW T PUBLISH THE MESSAGE l EWIS ' EBNFIBENTIAl UNCLASSIFIED ·U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476733 Date 01 1 1 2018 C06416946 IED u s Department of State a g g 0 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416946 Date 10 11 2017 H D U a g aa UNCLASSIFIED D partnient of State PAGE al OF 62 ORIGIN §t INFO OCT-SI STATE tS-91 3484 261996 ISO-OO loe' DRAFTED BY lA CAR H IIGRHOAOS JI K APPROVED BY SP IIAlAli£ LAlOR RGOHH DRAFT tA OR HBROIill DRAFT MIL A Ell COy SIP OPEN fORUHl OKI HilEY DRAFT SIP HHEHTGES DRAFT lAlCAR GfGOIlER IRELEASE IN PART 861 FII SECSTATE IIASHDC TO AMEnSASSY PORT AU PR IHCE 5 THIRDLY IIlILE THE LATIN AMERICA BU EAU PlAHS AffD DESIRES TO SUPPORT THE EFFORTS OF THE IMISTRY OF HEALTH TO DEVELOP AIID IMPLEnEla THE RHOS IT MAD' BY 110 NEAHS PROMISED MAHDAT£D OR C9HMITTED THE FUIIDS TO THE I1IS5101l fOR THE PROJECT ElEMEIITS IlIICH IIERE LATER DELETED BY THE DAfC 1I0T1I1 THSTAHO I tlG THE lOIiG TERM tOIlMI TMEUT III PRIHClnE EACH SPECIFIC CONNITHEIIT OF FUUOS FOR A PROJECT lUST DEMONSTRATE ADEQUAH Pl At Ill fiG AIIAL YS IS AIID COSTIHG D BE SPECIFICALLY AUTHDRmo ·BY AIO Ii THERE UNCLAS STATE 251996 --- DIssUT CKAIIIIEL Eo O IltiS2 N A TAGS MIA SUBJ DElETION OF FUtlllltlG III HAITI PROJECT a8S OF A I D fDR HEAL TM DELIYERY SERVICES REFS AI PAP 2 S B SlATE 15SS54 Ie PAP ·2647 CD STAT 186639 11 1 PAP l1181 F STATE HBaL I SUMMARY THE ADDITI OilAL FUIID IKG fOR niE HEALTH PROJECT IN HAITI ADVOCATED III YOUR DI5SEtir CHAllNn NESSAGE CAll EE IIIClUO£D Itl THE IlE FY ISla HEAL TM PROJECT FOR HAITI A I O '5 'LATlII Ar RICA BUREAU HAS lIor III THDRAIIII ITS SUPPORT FOR A HAJoR PROCRAH TO DESIGN AIIO IMPl£IIE11T A RURAL HEALTH DELIVERY sERVICE If HAITI BUI SEFORE AllY ELEIlEHT OF ANY PROJrCT III THE SERIES CAli BE AUTHOR I LEI A PROPERLY PREPARED PROJECT PAPER HUST BE 0'1 HAIIO 'THAT CAREfUllY PROGRAMS AlID JUSTIFIES AU PROPOSED EXPENDITURES AND RELATES THEil TO TKE LONG RUN GOAL OF THE PROJECTS 2 IN YOUR DISSEnT CABLE REF A YOU OBJECT D TO TKE DECISION IH THE DEVELOPMENT ASSISTAIICE EJ ECUTIVE CDMMIITEE CDAECI Of THE LATIN AMERICA aUREAU TO CUT fUIlOING rOR PROJECT ess • HEAllH PROJECT • BY ABOUT THREE ILL I OIl DOLLARS THEREBY HIMIIIATING ALL fUIIOS FOR THE GOH IlIHISTRY OF HEALTH TO 8E USED FOR EQUIPHEUT AIID MATERIALS DRUGS AHD SUPPLIES VEHICLES POL COIISTRUCIION AIIO REHAalt T TIOH AIID NAlIITEHAHCE llD FOR rUNOING YEARS 3 AtlD S OF m PROJECT YOUR OBJECIiOI liAS BASED OIl TIIO GROUIIDS t IT BROKE FAITij IIITH THE IIIHISTRY OF HEALTH IlIICfl HAD BEEN ASSURED If 1I0UlD RECE I VE THE rUllOS III THE NEil PROJECT AS PART OF A LONG RIiNGE PLAN ro DEVELOP A lOll COST RURAL HEALTH DEL IVERY SYSTEM UlHOS TO COV'ER T LEAST 79 PERCENT Of THE POPULATlOIl AltO 2 IT lOUlD MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE TO DEVElOP DESIGN AHD TEST A PRACTICAL RHOS THAT COULD BE REPLICATED CDUNTRYIIIDE BY lATER PROJECTS IN m BELIEF THAT AID II HAD DEC nED NOT REP£AT Nor TO COtlSIDER PROVIDIIIG THE DElETED fUNDS AT A LATER DATE YOU REQUESTED THE fULL RESTORATION OF THE' ENTIRE MOUIH IIllICH HAD BEEN CUT J THE L A BUREAU eEL IEVES YOUR OBJECTION liAS BASED on SEVERAL t ISUNDERSTAI10IN S IIllICH HAV£ SINCE BEEN RES OLVED so THAT THE PROJECT IS HOIIHOVING FoaliARO PROPERl Y 4 FIRST THE l A BUREAU NO AIDIII HAVE NOT RETREATED FROIt A POLICY OF IIIlRKING IIITH THE HIHISTRY or HEALTH TO UNCLASSIFIED U S Department 86 SECONDLY IIllILE PREFERRING THIS APPROACH THE l A BUREAU IS ALSO IIILtlllG TO COl SIDER A REQUEST FROH USAIOI HAITI FOR AMENDING PROJECT 086 If THE MISSION SHOULD IIISH TO ARGUE THAT THIS· COURsE I S PREFERABLE AND PRES£I TS A SOUND JUSTIF ICATlOII REF Fl 9l1114Z 114 R BIJ8SS ov 71 ---- --- 2S1996 TELEGRAM DEVElOP A WIDESPREAD' RHOS IN HAITI UHE OR MORE ADDfTlONAL PROJECTS ARE PLA mEO FOR THIS PURPOSE AIIO IF A SAT SFACTllRY PRllJECT PAPER CAn BE PREPARED TKE l A BUREAU HOPES TO AUTHORIZE A NE PROJECT fOR THIS PURPOSE 110 991 III FV 1918 THE ACTING I1ISSIOII DIRECTCR liAS ASSURED OF THIS COMITI1EHT BY rHE DIRECTOR OF AlOR OM AUGUST la 1977 INClUDIHG THE INfO MATIOIl THAT THE ITEMS DELETED fRail PROJECT aS5 CAtl BE INCLUDED III PROJECT 091 IF A PROPER JUSTIFICATIOII IS RECEIVED R - -- ----'-'------91694e STATE OUTGOING liAS NO EXEIIPTIOII rROM THIS RECUIRElff 1T FOR PROJECT C86 FOR THIS REASOII nLl A I D MtSSION STAffS HUST TA E CARE III OISCUSSIlIG PROPOSED PROJECT ASSIST IICE 11TH HOST GOVERIII1ENT Off IC IAl S TO AVOID CREATING THE IMPRESS lOtI THAT All A I O COMHITHElIT EXISTS PRIOR TO BUREAU REVIEII AIIO AOTHORIZATIOII OF rUNOlIlG FOR THE PROJECT 7 THE L A BURfAU III LATE JUliE HAD IDEtlTlflED A IIUIIBER OF IlEAKIiESSES IN THE PROJECT PAPER FOR lias ICH HAD TO BE CORRECTED BEfORE All PROJECT ELEMENTS COULD BE AUTHORIZED AlIO NOTifiED USAIDIHAITI Of THIS IH REf 181 IT PROVIDED TOY ASSISTAIICE TO HELP THE lISSIO PROVIDE THE ADD ITI ONAL PLAIIN IIIG AHD JUSTI FI CATI ON REQU IRED BUT SIIICE YOU WERE Otl HOHE LEAVE DURIIiG THIS PERIOD YOU KAY NOT HAVE BEE N FULLY AIIARE OF THESE REQUIREMEHTS AlID OF COURSE COULD NOT PARTICiPATE IN MEETING THE REQUIREMENTS WEll THE DAEC REVIEIlED THE REVISED PROJECT IT FOUND THAT II HUI1BER OF ITS SPECIFIC REQUESTS FOR fURTHER IIiFORMATION HAD 1I0T BEEH MET COIiSEQUEIITt Y FAILURE TO MEET STAIIOAADS OF COSTI G PLAtINIIIG AIID JUSTIFiCATlDH fDR CERTAIN PARTS Of THE PROJECT REQUIRED THAT THEY BE DHnED If THE REST OF THE PROJECT IlERE TO BE AumORIlEO SPECIFICAllY DETAILS Olt OEVELOPIIlG AND nSflflG T E MOOE RHOS ERE HOT SUPPLIED lIlTHoul II FORMAI I 011 011 THE TIMING FOR • DETERI1I1I1I1G THE YARIOUS ElEIIEIITS OF IKE MODEl RHOS MID DETAILED COST ESTIMATES FOR STAFFING AlIO OPERATilIG A EL JUSTIFIED HUMBER OF PROTOTYPE RHOS WilTS II UAS NOT POSSI8LE TO JUDGE THE II EO TIMltjG OR REASOIIA8LEII SS OF THE ELfHEnrs OF LOGISTICAL AllO INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT AUD THE oP£RATlOII OF THE PROTOTYPES FOR ICH rUHDING liAS BEING REQUESTED THE REVISED PROJECT PAPER INCREASED THE NUHBER OF ClIIIICS TO SE REHABILITATED fROM 5 TO lS BUT PROVIDED NO COST ESTIMATeS OR JUSTIfiCATION FOR-THE CHA GE lEAVING THE REQUESTED FUtlDS fOR THIS PART OF THE PROJECT UNCHANGED VEHICLE REQUIR MENTS ALSO ERE CHAffGEO BUT NO JUSTIFICATION liAS SUPPLIED FOR THE VEHICLES REQUESTED OR fOR THE fACT THAT THE fU OING REQUEST liAS UNCHANGED THE REQUeST FOR FUIIOING Of nEDICIHES liAS nOT JUSTIFIED IN ttl liS OF DEVELOP lUG THE RHOS AtlO APPEARED AS GEKE AL oUOGET SUPPORT FOR THE III1I1STRY OF HEALTH 'SINCE THE PROTOTYPE RHOS HAD HOT YET BEEN DEVELOPED THE UNClASsTF'yrooN fOR rHE THIRD FOURTH AND fiFTH Of State o F 91 Q T _'2SlC EARS OF N _90§ 4 694 6 _D te 0 11 2017 -i co 641694 6 IED n' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416946 Date 10 11 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED Departnlent of State AGE 92 OF 92 STATE OUTGOING TELEGRAM 261696 PROJECT EXPeNDITURE COULD NOT St COSHD AND JUSTIFIED THESE POINTS II£Rt MADE 8Y THE l BUREAU HOT TO CRITIC Z£ THE rUSSION FOR IT REALIZED THAT DELAYS IN SECURING CONSUL TANTS UNDER A PR I DR PROJECT HAD DElAYED PROJECT PREPARATiON AKD PERHAPS NAOE PARTS OF IT IHPOSSI6LE TO PREPARE BY THE orADLIllE fOR FY 1917 FUIIOIIIG 6UT SINPLY TO POINT OUT THAT THE OAEe HAD NO AL TEHt AT I VE BUT TO ELrNIHATf THE PROJECT EUIIENTS fOR HICH PROPER PLAlmrHG COSTING 11 110 JUSTIFICATION COULD NO BE SUPPLIED •• S IT IS HOPED THIS RESPONSE CLARIFIES THE STATlIS OF AfO V FUNDING DECISfOllS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RHOS IN HAITI 11£ HOPE THAT THESE AP ARWT DIFFERENCES iN PERCEPTION or THE SITUATION ADDRESS AND AHmR RESPONSIVELY THE POIlITS RRISED IN THE DISSENT CHAHNEl IF Hor PLUSE LH US HNOW 11£ APPRECIATE HAVING THE ISSUE RAISE SO THAT CLARIFICATION CAli 6E IIAOE VANCE i '- NCLASS IFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416946 Date 10 11 2017 u s Departme t of State CO 641 7031 IED rl •• Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064'1'7031' Date 10 1'1 2017 r I I ' I I I'I 1 r i 'At · A 'v - v' I v ' ' ' RELEASE IN PART as ses maD Jc is in t'·10 sectir as 86 L--'- -_ _ _ _ _--' ' _ _ _ _ _ • - I I l r ading _ _ ' ' 4 •• t i ' • _ ' 1 ' ' _ ov ert '1er1 '• • ' '- '1 ' ' ' the asse smE nt nO'ce that ' ' • • '- ' ' B - 'fhe June 1977 Confer ence ' '•• ' -- • i ' - • ' 'j ' _ ' ' some e2 'ly - liq77 conference ' ·hich I ' successes jere ' ' ClS essentially negative ame at the end of the r eform _ ' ' • ' 4 - • • • - - - • •• - • • ••• _ - - - ' - period l7hen it iwu1d hay-e been logical to expect to ' ' ' ' _ r ' i _ '- · 1 - ••• '- s a J t · ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 t- • • _ ' 1 ' is on those who Hish us to st ay in because hal - l ' • • • - _ ' ••• •' - '1e stilt d notice of intent to vlithdra 'l ••• ' ' ' ' 'there I •• ' _ • • ' ' ' L ' J t ' ' ' ' - - -0 -00£ He • gava • • e would leave ' ' a ' ' ' ' ' ' • •' - posH i v qutcome of our efforts and c the burden· of ' i b ths June ' ' ' ' - - ' · 11 - Events pr -ior to the June 1977 conference • l foll ing The '- - ' n _ Results of IJS Roform Effo r t i '-' u ll· ss wer e sufficient reforms to cause us to reverse ou - _ ' - I • • deci sion i _ · ' ' Evnats pd or to the Jun8 1977 conference · '1 · • ' Positive ' ' I L -c· J i ' The Horking Party on Structure met several 1 J ' • • # ' ' during the period but reached • r •••• ' ' _ ' ' • -' ' t s - ' conclusion on how to· re'ioD 110 ' ' ' ' -' I • ' ' the structure of the Gover ning Body Since we did ' not · 1 nt · ' ' ' - J ' ' - ' It _ • • _ '- •• 'wi - cha nge this outcome is a plus although not entirely at- ' · 1 4 a _ tributable to - • • Ol1r •• • •• ' ' a ' •• _ • J• • • - •• reform effort· the ' '7PS had been I leeti g ' fox years withollt reaohing any agreemen't 4 ' •M·' - • '_' ' - _ 'r ' •• •• ' ''''''-'1 ''' _' ' ' • •••••• 0 - ' 2 • The Spec ial ·Iaritime C onfer ence Oct ober l9 7G J ktA t 4 J1 · ' ' a es sA ' ' ' J ' I ' ' e aOll eved our basic objective of pre ve -lti g' election of an Eu st European c pference ' ' ' ' --- - i the chairmunsh j p of · th ' - - ' ' ' ' • ' ' • 1 • _ ' ' ' ' ' - ' _0 ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 703 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 2 ·3 1e also succeeded in p Gventing election of East Ellrop ' s to threo other- key posts chcd l mEtn of· tI i _ ' I • • 0 anq pre sident of · t hs Vlorld Employment Conference·- v-mC · c· 1 ' The il l 1976 Governing Body voted not to gra nt I l •• _ ' c 5 The··• Jun0 lS76 ILC Reeolutions·· Committee •• 0 _ • ' •• • t o · th 'refer'red GB seve al' resolutions introduced by the communists instee d of 'presenting' them · to· tue plenary ·of···the· ··ILC· Cony tion · c9ritic5 zed the USSR for noll-complia·nce d tli 'che '1 '1 ' ' 7 The i'me final document v7as generC111y 'accep't ble to' us and e cdth the help· of our allies 'stoI ped i a'las·t·' - I m n te ffl r · by the G- 77 and the Soviet·bloc 'to ins r'1 I' u lacceptable 1ang i 1ge into the D clarati m o£ PrinciplGs 'f' 1 rsraeli ccupied r ' 90 ' F' _••- • • ' ' - ···-·· t 'to -' • ' ' ·terr i torica t-las· not· passed ·at· t'he · 'lEC • - - '-' - The £ larch ·191 7 Governing· modS pr6 rided t ru - e · · - ' • 5 i · _ ' - - ' J - S ' l - ' • a • ·_no urther meetings of the WPS vere scheduled b ' ' the book 'Ia9 closed on the 1974 anti-Israeli ·the US-amendm nt to J rr ticle '17 was appro ved and 0 •• referred to the Standi g orders committee of the ·ILC _ ' Note see Section B for doscription of 'June 18E IJ JC· ··· · reversal of thes dec sions ' ' ' ' ' -' ' t ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016- 07743-- - - - - - - - -- ------- --- -- Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 I' - ' _ - - ' ' - '- 1 ' Tile Presicl ent of the June 1976 -'ILe - -u nder ' h'eavy ' ' to the-- ' GB the -ql lI s·tion polit i cal pre surc r rcfiPFred back ' of at t he 'iEC i ns'aeac1 of ruling that 11 othimr ' seat ing the FLO further could he· done ' ' ' i ' ' ' ' ' ' 7 l ' · 2 The 'GB ·un d r heavy' p l i tic aL p Lessure reverse c1 - _ - its' earlier·_ ruling and amended t he' standing o cders of th _ ' ' ' • L __ '- ' • ' ' '3' - ThG Juv P on Applica'cion 1976 ILC Committee ' of ' COl'lvE mtions' 'o nd'·Rec orn ueneations failed • •• _ • to cite Czechosl ovakia· r ' • ' •• ' 0 ' f primarily bec use ·of 'che -role plac ed by I a _ B lgian • • labor _ '-' 'MM ' 'union leader' Houthuys aided by an o f c r of t he r1 0 secret ariat This 1as an incident of t he double stanc1ard • ' ' ' 4 · There'were·strong indications at the 'i-me the ' ·that G 77 las beginning to act as a bloCt ·lher8 s at 0 ·previously 1 o mE' € tings only regional cau uses apparcnt ' - had - been This ' ' is nn exall ple of inc r easing pol'iticizatio l- 5 The Basic Needs' ll documents - hich the ILO Secretm iat 'Irote in preparation for' the NEe '-las heavily poli·ticiz·ed i l i in its content it made no di ti·nction bet een socialist and communi'st· economies abeling the Eastern bloc as· i socialist it· -impliecl there I Ii II i ·13S no important differ'ence betvleen capitalism and social i sm in achieving economic grm th it' failed to deal with problems created by OPEC Despi te our strong and detailed criti isms of this document when 1 i t · ras in cl aft only minor changes 'lere made and i t has j • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 C06417031 IED U S Depart men tofState Case No F-2016-0774' 3 0 N-···· - - -'--' - ------ ' C06417031 Date -10 11 2017 ' ' ' - ' - ' • i •••• r' 4 ' ' '- subsequently' been distd buted vorJ d - Jide Eta using p coblems • fOl i ' issue ' - '0 us in 'oth'er fora Th' fuiiu 1 e' ··1 '' 1 - ' '_ press e from r· i • -' a well-balanced • ' ' _' ' i ••••• I ' # •••• Secretaria t to j docu1i1 n·c r flec·ts polit ical 'the ' G-77 ' ' __ ' - ••• ' 'of 'tile' _ 1 and' Easter n bloc • •• • • - - - - - ' ' e attempted '-' 6'• At the November 1976 Governing Body ' - _ y ' '1 ' ' 1 j i -- 1 • - ' f· · ' - ' ' i ' - to close the book bn the 1974 anti-Israeli J7esolution 'j ti11t -J t rr i nit ' th ·· 'e Pl C rg ' p ii t - s-t rCnge5t ' t ' ' -·e·i ' s ut porte cs' caved in to' Arab pre sure an 1 requested pos'tpone· _ _ •• m l t _ _ •••• of' the' ' ' _- ' _ ' ' _ ise e' 'until 'a t - tIle ia'r ll ' j 1· • • t _ ' - H•• Nur-ch i97'7 'The 'res'uft ' s ' U a·t·'-' l e'tin ' ' 'had' tl '-s i ' i '1977' - II _ - l i ' ' ' - ' j J' ' linked t qgether in the eyes of· the G-77 and thl s led to a - If ' ' _' _ ' ' ' ' - - - - had 'le l' avoidecl the linkage and' also allowed 'more ·time· for a cO Jling- off of' 1 the Ar b reaction to the deci'sion to close' the book • ' '- '''' -- ' - -' ' - - The outcome of the June 1977 conference migh·t have been _ _ - 1 ''1 - ' ' ' 86 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 The follo lld ng diary discusses example · by no means all ' of them of our Western allies' letting us dmm at the 63rd ' v es·tern When ILC support is used as an example of our success in reforming the·ILO it needs to be put into context '- ' of several factors '- -' -' ' ' ' · f A Voting 1 At ILO conferences prior to our notice of 'li thdrawal we had few Ivesterners voting with us since November 1975 ' e - have fairly consistently had a hard' core we could count on because of our threat of wi thdr a ml h • ____ __ ___ _ _ _ _ ' ' t _ Y • w This is not the kind of - - support we were seeking and ll w Silberman told our U1EC Ge '1 Va J rs J friends this in early 1976 see para J I - EXDIS telegram - aJgJ J 9 • f S These votes obtained under duress are as meaningless as the 99% votes cast 'hen a goverJ ffient is elected in the Iron Curtain countries 2 We have been guilty of causing erosion of tripartism on our side just as much as the iadicals have on their side We have gotten 'the votes of government worker and employer represe ntatives from vestern countries as a solid bloc within each delegation because of 'the politic al pressure of our notice of withdrav al While it is gratifying to have gotten the v tes that we did e cannot use a double standard' by crit cizing the radicals for pressurin9 other delegates into non-triparti ko bloc voting against us yet accepting bloc voting as a plus 13 other when it is in our favor Activity A vote should be the last step taken in support of a particular objective - it should be preceded by weeks and months of preparation lobbying ma ing demarches holding tripartite • - ' o -- t - - '-' 1 - - - - ·-· • l $·'- ' ·' ' '''1'-- ' ' ' ' •• ••• f' '- tt 7 ' - ' - -' • - - ' ro 1 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 I ED u s Department of State - __ _----_ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10Q 1 2017 meetings of each country's delegation to decide on policy and tactics initiatives in regional group meetipgs to aking plan strategy seeking chairmanships of key committees coordinating with allies before making speeches etc The Westerners either failed to do these things at all or did them only in response to the pressure of our withdrawal and even then needed ' 'J • When they did get involved t specif c thr at of goading by the USDEL they usually did the minimum required did it late and or did it unenthusiastically Conunent Someone '-lho wants to defend the minimal and reluctant role of our allies might say after all this was an American battle and e could not expect our allies to do more than provide supporting fire Yet this is the very situation which led to the letter of il tent namely that it has been the US vhich has been fighting protesting lobbying etc in the ILO while our held our coat al ies In past years our allies have told us that they wished to avoid confrontation and therefore they gave in to G 77 1 oviet pressure The letter of intent was issued because we felt that one compromise after another had place to the point where t ere was soon g ing left of ·the ILO as we had originally joined it intent said to oqr allies taken to be little The letter of here we draw the line no more compromi'ses no more avoidance of the issues i no more leaving the US ·to fight alone Are you with us ' ' • • ' i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 - co 641 7 031 I ED u s Department of State 1 Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 3 The answer from our allies as their actions not -lords demonstrated t'we are with you to the extent that we will do the absolute minimum which may result in your staying in the ItO ' -of We do not agree i th you on substance and or ta'ctics and we resent being badgered and hectored e having f to stand ' ' up and be counted The 4WO 't 'Q ' allies Canada and the UK 'hom expected to give us the strongest in disagreeing ith us pr sence most su'pp rt · ould have vIe have been most outspoken Nainwaring Canada told Dan in my last year that Canada do'es not agree with us on the fundamer -l issue -- structu r e of the GB -- bu1 would support 7 the US position in order to keep us in the IDO Mainwaring broke ranks with us on sfructure in the last days of the conference The British Government delegate said to me t ice in March at the Governing Body that his government would decide the issues to support the US on only after we told them whether the UK's supp rt was that if the attitude would keep us in the 110 the implication us wasn't going to stay why bother necessita ed This a special trip to the UK by Dan in the middle of the March Governing Body to get across to our ally that w e wanted support based on agreement with U f no't 'support desi gl1ed to keep us in ·cvtJ a _ • ' ·r • ' - 7 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 03I IED U_S_ Department of Stale Case No_ F-2016-07743 Doc No_ C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 '- The fact that Lane Kirkland says the AFL-CIO is satisfied - - ' i vIi th the Western support we got i_s interesting but not decisive ' ' i ' · 4 r ' ' - ' ' ' since unfortunately it was' not the AFL-CIO but the US Government which made world- ride _demarches and lhichhas repeatedl told our allies we - w nted support based on agreement on furldamental principles not support u er threat of our withdrawal - ' • - It_is the US Government which must assess its own - _ i degree of satisfaction with the results -we cannot shrug our - 1 shoulders and say ' i '- 1 · if Heany is happy 'Ylhy should we worry n The USG has interests and concerns beyond those of 16th Street 'c ' II The US Govern llent conclusion about Western _ support was minimal provided under duress and transitory it Such • - J j support does not jus'tify our staying in the ILO and our -t ' s - - IV'estern allies were tOldl by Amb Silberman at the beginning -' 1 of our reform effort - criteria 1e would use in our testo They were given fair 'larning about what They failed the test j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 7 031 IED · U S Department of S ate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 · i A ttachment 1 ' ' Prior to the 63rd ILC no ilestern government asked its Embassies to make demarches on key issues yet uch a procedure is normal in any diplomatic effort in an international forum · ' Also the EC-9 chaired by PK did not caucus ahead of time to decide on policy tactics etc see attached cables ' ' _' ' ' 2 -t ' Ne had ·told our allies we Ylould meet ' i th them in 'Geneva to discuss strategy on Article 17 USG Representative Horowitz had dinner with representatives of UK Australia and Canada May 23 and later said it was a waste of time because they had had no ideas ready on strategy Horowitz the therefore suggested to them that yest should start with the· present text and make concessions later the US had to suggest the stratec JY · 3 • 0' ' - At'the same dinner Horowitz asked wha chairmanships in the ILC the allies would' seek they had no ideas days later May 25 he sked Two the UK chairma·n of EC-9 again about chairmanships the EC-9 sti ll had no ideas UK said the EC-9 would caucus when conference plenary started Horowitz ilie said that was too late and urged action but got none I Horowitz then got an officer of the 1LO ecretariat to suggest to'the UK that the EC-9 ought to caucus at once ·they finally did on· the last day of the GB but only as the result of the foregoing prodding Klotz FRG told 'Upton USDEL he understood the US wanted a chairmanship UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 CO 41 7 031 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 2 upton said HoroHitz had already told the UK we did not Klotz ' replied that the failure of the UK to tell this to the EC-9 showed lack of communication and coordination among EC-9 ' t · ·i ' At staff meeting Horowitz commented that Itle had had the same problem in June 1976 i the West never did any - prior york and as result of their apathy the Soviet bloc and G-77 had made deals on chairmanships Horowitz said we would have to come up with ideas and sell them to the 'i'est because otherwise the Ivest I S inertia would lead 'to disaster 4 We wanted Klotz member of FRG delegation to accept a key chairmanship i Haase I p-e ad of FRG delegation I would not allow it 5 'Westerners then put forth Veldkamp Netherlands despi te their knowledge that we opposed him becau se of his hostile role at June 1976 conference he was instrumental in preventing Czechoslovakia from being cited in a special paragaph The West did this because Netherlands wanted him to be elected and the West preferred to sup ort one of their own rather than the US on this issue 6 We wanted Ventejol head of French delegation - our strongest supporter - to accept a chairmanship refused He He did not come to Geneva uncil June 2 after the ILC had started He was not in tmoln for the Governing Body and other events at which much lobbying and planni g was done in pr eparation for ILC He continued to come and go throughout the plenary rather than work consistently _ _ --- U N C L A S S IF IE D U S D e J p a rtm en t o f S ta te C a se N oJ F - 20 1 6 - 77 D oc N C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 ED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 7 Ambassador Cook head of P ustralian delegation refused to seek 'the chairmanship of the Selections Committee o r despite 8 ' urging The Netherlands employer representative Cornelia ' Hak said to UptD n Hay 25 why not send Article 17 amendment to the Structure Cominittee · This '-las only two weeks after she had had a long talk by phone with Horowitz in vashington in which he had explained that seridi Article 17 to the Structure Conunitte v - lould be defeat '9 May 26 Horowitz said that at the IMEC meeting earlier in week the West had s aid the US as too igid in what it was doing 10 June 2- staff meeting Shire Labor Dept lawyer said that in conun ttee on Application of Conventions · CACR he '1 'j J needed help from the West Specifically toe Australian Canadian anq UK government representative were often not there in Committee because they were also serving on other com 'Tli ttees Hcirowi tz' said he ould 'speak to their heads of delegation but it was a problem caused by their small delegations query in view of the importance of this conl t erence couldn't our allies have sent a' couple more people so we had adequate coverage ever here it was the absence of our IMEC Later friends from CACR meeting which· caused the situation where the USG was the only Government to vote for putting Ethiopia on'the special list • • • • • - - - • I _ ' ••• -7' ' •• IMEC had first agreed that all IMEC -' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 C O 41 70 31 i-EO·-U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 4 governments imuld vote that way then IMEC changed its collective mind but failed to get the word to the USG because key IMEC government representatives were out of the room wtlen the item came to a vote Apparently Horowitz' request to heads of IMEC delegations to have their representa-· tiv s stay put in this key committee did not have any effect June 3 - during the debat on part of the DG's il report on the Arab-Isra el issue the UK government representative spoke in favor of sending it to the Resolutions Committee When he was asked by us later why he had not S'aid he was speaking on behalf of the EC-9 he said it was because the EC-9 comment had not caucused to agree on its position 'le theredore lost an' opportunity to have r allies· views knmm Also note that the UK and Canadian Government speeches were not exactly fiery see attached They could have been far more outspoken 12 Fortuit a French government delegate told Palm r USDEL he had to return to Paris June 6 to meet 'lith ventejol and others to'decide on our policy towards the·ILO this seems rather late comment He suggested to Palmer that the US sho ld try to find some policy or formula which would attract 'some members of the G-77 and break up the bloc He did not seem to feel that France eeded to take any initiative along these line but rather that i was up to the US to solve the problem Finally I he asked palmer if the US 1Ould if we were not satisfied Palmer said we would '1i thdraw The fact that he asked indicates he had not believed the numerous' statements 'le had made during the preceding eighteen months 0 ' ' # '_ '_ • •_ _ • _ _ _ _ ' _ -j •• - '-rJ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 5 13 June 7 - after He lost our initial effort on Article 17 we v-lanted to try for a joint committee discussion on the amendment I· the EC-9 take a final position ntil we courd see -Jhat degree ' ' ' meeting of EC-9 and the UK agreed to try to ·avoid having • S- Horowitz spoke to the UK just before a ' ' •••• of support there vas for a joint committee was the one taking the initi ative again the US The final result was co ittee that the strucuture Committee rejected the joint I ' i ' ' idea Hormvitz reported to staff meeting that our vestern Committee allies did not speak in 'favor of the joint idea because they be1i eved it would not be adopted they waJ ted to avoid a fight They were silent because USDEL therefore said' in the Structure Comil1i ttee that '-Ire· 'ould not oppose Article 17 'bei ng discussed in the Structure Committee we 'lere the only Western goyernment which had wanted to press for the ' joint cornraittee 14 June 13' - The IMEC group committee on ap'plication of conventions caucused with the US and it was agreed that ould IMEC speak along with US about conditions in USSR The West German delegate told the us he would deliver a real blast at cqnditions in the USSR gove nment Yet only two Westernea ' representatives besides the U spoke FRG and Australia and' their interventions Here brief and mild The vork rs 1 leader Houthuys Belgian moved for closure I and the employer 1 S leader Australian supported it the employers had not spoken in the debate at all Although the closure motion was defeated the atmosphere towards further -- - - ' -- --__ - - r -- -- 'I ' I ' • ' ' • • f ' t '6t •• 7 '- - -- - 1' 0 '1 - - - •• -r J - - ' 'f-- ' __ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016· 97743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 1 0 6 ' I '- i · U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 debate was so cold that after it only a few very brief remarks were made The US worker v1ho had prepa ed a fifteen-minute - ' speech criticizing conditions in 'the USSR spoke only for a ' f ' 3 moment ' j' ·· and later said that the closure motion had prevented -t ' • • him from building the record in the commit-tee which would have justified a strong IIspecial paragraph against the USSR ' j ' i The paragraph as drafted by the Corrunittee officers ' ' ' - 1 Bri tish Australian and Beligan and was weak 'When the draft committee report was presented to the committee for approval the paragraph was rushed through by the Committee officers who cut off debate before any committee member had time to speak about the text or suggest changes None of our IMEC allies objected to this Aftenlards the Japanese government representative asked us if that vIas enougr to go for the I pecial special paragraph J 15 ' j to satisfy us IMEC had been unwilling list and reluctant even to support a The US had to take the lead • On Article 17 IMEC agreed with US not to present ' ne 'l texts to the Structure Coromi ttee but to walt until a draftil1 g c omml ttee as formed the nev texts were from the employers group and from the Canadian goverment But on June 14· in the Structure Committee the Swedish mpioyer presented a new f text on Articl do Horowitz was very critical of the text stating it sO j 17 despite agreement the day before not to was wcrse than Article 17 as i t The Australian· no stands in the Coromi ttee delegate told Upton later that the The US would lose because of our fail'ure to negotiate Australian Gov rnment the representative told Horowitz US was too pushy The British UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7031 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 7 · ' uilbassador told· Sorenson Charge' that the US was not ' ' listening to the West's concerns and that our consultations U · ' ' · ' ' I consisted of our telling them what we wanted representatives sAid they did not like being tllectured at ' When a small group · ' ' Other IMEC m t to consider dra'fts of Article 17 the French government representative Ventejol was not there because he had gone back to France his deputy left the meeting when it was only halfway through its deliberations Note the French are supposed to be our strongest allies in the ILO ' l6 June 15 - late in the day the EC-9 met and ag eed to support the US tactic of starting to discuss the text of Article 7 in the ·Structure Co ittee while also seeking to kill the G-77 resolution on structure 'Hotl ever f the EC-9 asked Horowitz if the US would instead of pushing for amending standing orders on Article 17 agree to a resolution in plenary stating the principles no note of Article 17 Horowitz said interesting that after we had told everybody that we were going all the way on Ar icle 17 they should still ask us to acce'pt a compromise to avoid a confrontation -- this _r __ ·__ __ ·_ _ - - - - - - - _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ _ - - _ - - •• - ••• _ is the same ' attitude that led to thlSl letter of intent 17 June 16 - in Structure Committee ' Mainwaring our Canadian ally began discussing the substantive part of the G-77 resolution despite explicit IMEC US agreement that substantive discussion would not begin until IMEC had caucused - 1 ' ' i j to decide on its posit on Horowitz said the next day that he never thought he YOuld have to tell off Mainwaring for -1 '- ' 'IIr •• ' - J '-' -· - '''-IH -''' - - - ''''' ' l C7 -·'·· _ 1 • _- •• 'J' • • - ••- •••• 1 l ' ' ' -' ' '' 'C · r - 1 1 •• •• -- - - ' _ l_ __ r1 ' s·n- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641 031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 031 IED ' ' · i · - ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 breaking ranks but in fact he had had to do just that ·the morning of June 17 because Mainwaring had violated the agreement _ 1 18 · - 1 • 0 ' ' ' i ' ' j · ' Also in Structure Co ittee during discussbn of reform of the composition of the Governing Body Ventejol France our best ally said his governmentj v las in f vor of negotiating on changing Article 7 and 36 seats and veto pOI rer aealing with permanent We have consistently said we are against this 19 June 21 - Horowitz said at staff meeting that although it was clear that the report of the Structure Com-the mit tee would be unacceptable to US he had decided not to push for a vote because IMEC didn't want one anq the US had to maintain good relations with IMEC in order get their future cooperation note at this point the US was supporting IMEC rather than the other way round Late on June 21 there was a long IMEC meeting on the content of the draft report of the Structure Committee said the repo t as t no '1 IHEC was was the best that could be accomplished and wanted us to accept it US then took a leadership role We insisted 'the Here maetings fanguage had to be changed took'place but no 'satisfactory anguage was achieved Azimi chairman of SC then drafted the report which 'las to be considered iri various groups the morning of June 22 Note Palmer was sitting next to Kirkland in plenary during the afternoon and asked him what was happening - 'I' - ' ••• -- ' - C' - • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 43 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 703 rlED u s Department of State ' ' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 1 He said the Westerners are leaving ac ept USi hey·want us to a report that we can't accept so Horowitz has to go into the lMEC meeting and stand with his back against the · 'f wall we can't give in on this 20 ' ' f ' June 22 - IMEC and other met agreed to accept report of structur e Cornmitteei we said we could not and we were left alone During the final hours of the plenary on the last day ' hen the report of the Coromi ttee on 'Structure was being ' discussed the · · ' US was the only government to disassociate itself from the report because the report failed to include ' · d t j important principles Artic le 17 which 1e had beeI striving towards' All other Western sp akers accepted the report 86 IO LAB' 1 - - - l' - · · - · - 1· ·· - ··· · r 1· · - - - r - - - ' 'I ' • • - · • - l -- - -- -· - - -- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 '43 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 - I e artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 CO 6 41_7_0 _'m2 i r i '- normal funct oning ot Ihe Annu 110 Conference there VIew no RCSO t WllS Continued from Page 4 Committee at leas in fUllctioninCJ form The Direclo General cid Tloi ery a far-reachinq Convention end oive his customary rGlport to wh h h TIecommendation furthering the trit leery remarks are directec i rc 'ugh· partIte concept was adopted by the out the conference It is the r s onse Committee and subsequenliy by the to the Director General's Report ' hid Plenary Althouah some of the repfrequently gives rise to the ext -r 1eous resentatives of Eastern bloc govern· political issues thai have caused so ments tried to amend the language of much difficulty in the past The June the instruments 10 iii their own mono· 1977 Annual Conference will be a lithic structure the measures passed One potenlial trouble spot cen ered truer crnd more difficult litmus or in· overwhelmingly In an amusing show around the Committee on Structure dicalina improvement in condE ions of independence some Eastern Lloc The thorny question of composition within the Organization worker representatives and those of of the Governing Body-Le whether The J l 0 Office however hes demthe USSR as well voted in favor of to broaden the Council to include the instruments even though their mOIe Third World countries - was onstrated very clearly in this 51s1 An· government and employer dele- again debated There will be a work- nual Conference and 1hroughout the ing parly in the future to continue dis- World Employment Conference that gates opposed them cussion of this issue which is gaining its concepl of ils role diverges from The Committee on· Application of some momentum in the Third World the way others concerned wUn the Conventions and Recommendations organization's well·being view it From made a largely objective report this the Director General down the omcs year The Soviet Union was noted in F Net Irnprov ment Overall still holds meelinqs with goveGlment a special paragraph for its violation groups without informing worker and of the convenlion prohibiting forced side from the tumult and disarray employer delegations P'J that reason labor The Czech qovernmenl vvould of the World Employment Conference the World Employmer_t Conference have been the subject of a similar the conduct of the 1976 International was nol adjourned on its last day until paragraph for nonobservance of the Labor Conference was a marked con· miqway through the early morning Convention on freedom of Associa· trast to the events of lasl year There hours workinq under a clock that was tion save for the intervention of the is Q new spirit and strength among stopped at midnight while governVlorker Chairman and the secretariat the ·genuine democracies in the ILO ment worker and employer cieic ga Of the Committee ilsel a greater resolve 10 stick together and lions fought out the issue of the last· hold the Organization to its constitu· minute eHort to modify tne find work· The Worker thc ' fort tionally required endeavors The ing documenl of the Employment Co ' J again thIS year to do C 'iay with the weak pOint continues to be the Secrs- ference The ILO offiCE with dl its ' s cial list of non-compliance with ItO arlicUTar 1l1 s inherent poWer under the CO Jslitu fLO Conventions and Recommenda· tarl hola in the lional procedure of the ILO 1 in lions Again he failed But Ihe per· see face Qf premimes fmm riQBs gr2 lps fluence events positively in all rr eel· I istence with which he and his allIes bent Qf l cuzPio' pg op 'p'¥ political ends ings of the Organization 00$ j t pursue Ihis efforl 'with more than tacit within the ILO Then too there 1s that p er 10 Ibe detrb lBnt of the best assistgnce from the secretariat and • tms year from the Chairman of the adequate cause for concern regarding interests of democratic forces in t le Committee on Application of Con· ILO and at times to that of t 18 Or· 'i Committee CVeldkamp Q 9 Y rnment the Delegate Netherlands gives rise for ventions and Recommendations of the ganization t caves in JoIore 9liEcaJ reats it worked oul lieormula concern This special list of non·com· ILO where again there was Q clear pliance with ILO Conventions and case of a weak secretariat ie di to with ralu roups that gssured the ad1b e teeth gfhj missiorLQ 1 th O - Q_tlw_WorId Em· Recommendations is the very heart of efforf 19 ployment Conference be ause the the Organization's purpose If no pub· tant Committee Arab groups threetened to bO 'C01i the lic mention is made of lack of adherNonetheless the luture of Ihe ILO ence to ratified ILO standards then appears somewhat more promising Conference It quided the Presid6 1 L of there is no point in enacting them in after this 61st Conference The demo- the World Employment ConJeren e on the manner in which he would in ef· the first place cratic forces have reasserted their fect amend the final document o the The Committee on the Working En- strength after a moribpnd period WEC to suit certain elements of the vironment paved the way for a pos· Questions remain however as to the 77 an illegal procedure by any sible Convention on this important future if the resolve of genuinely meas - re issue at a later Conference Again the democratic forces within the InternaThis is not the manner in which Conference reacted favorably to the tional Labor Organization can be work of Ihis relevant Committee with sustained and even strengthened in the affairs of the ILO should be con· future meetings there will be reason ducted Were it no for the weak and no hint of politici xtion for encouragement sometimes irresponsible postures o s· In spite of the general agreement sumed by various re resentalives of not to convene a Committee on Reso the highest o lces 01 t e Ito the le c r lutions of the ILO 9uring this conferEm Important Caveat of intent to wilhdraVlfrcP1Llhe 0 11' ence owing to the Vvorld Employment zatlon would jn gil likpJjhood ' '0r Conference and the resultiilg heavy The crisis within the International have been writlen work schedule the USSR and the Labor Organization will continue The test of the future hp n is of World Federation of Trade Unions nonetheless The Conference of 1976 and various of their allies presented was an unusual one in that the World solely whether there con be an p £ three resolutions mere minutes be- Employment Conference disrupted the live and lasting alliance of democ cHc lOre t le deadline for resolutions ill Mar The res J utJons were handled by a much reduced Cammitte'Z since the rCfTU forces and the AFI -CrO boycotted the Committee's sessions With no quorum 110 action was taken on thc- Communists' resolutions ex· cept that they were referred to the Gov rning Body a relatively mean· illgJess gesture The humiliation of the Comm' mists was clear to all o J Chairman iIC i J iHly lei p a l fjr- imyr- Lt dA to UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201§ q 7743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 15 I -__ __ CO 641 7031 IED _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _J - '- - -- ----'-'- -- - -'- -- - - - _ '''-' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' V· Analysis of 1974-75 and 1977 Voting' Patterns in the ILO on Key Issues to th'e US 1 1974 Vote'on eACR ReEort 123 yeas Quorum 206' 156 absten'tions 83 more votes needed to pass the report Yea votes equal d approximately 61% of the quorum Membership in 1974 equaled 125 countries 2 1977 Vote on CACR Report 135 yeas Quorum 214 abstentions 79 ll lqre votes needed to pass the report 1'97 Yea votes equaled approximately 63 8% of the quorum Membership in 1977 equaled 135 countries UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 0 3 I IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 ' - 2 Impact of Horowitz's personal demarches on voting Qv C in support of US positions Latin and Central Americ i Art 17 1977 1974· Argentina Brazil Columbia Mexico Panama Peru Trinidad Tobago Venezuala abst yea yea abst abst abst abst absent CACR 1977 abst abst yea absent abst abst absent abst abst abst ye'a' abst abst 'abst absent absent Africa Art 17 1977 1974 Ghana Ivory Coast Kenya Liberia Nigeria Sierra Leone Guana Tanzania Zambia Zaire CACR 1977 abst absent yea absent abst absent abst abst abst abst abst absent abst abst abst yea ''- -- absent yea absent ' abst -' aosent absent abst abst abst absent absent absent abst absent 1974 Art 17 1977 CACR 1977 abst abst abst abst abst absent abst abst abst abst abst yea abst abst absent abst abst absent abst abst abst absent abst absent abst abst absent •T AO East and Southeast Asia India Indonesia Iran Malaysia Pakistan Singapore Sri Lanka Philippines Thailand - J - - - __ _' _ _ _ F _ _ _ _ _ •• _ _ _ _ _ -- _ _ • • • •_ _ _ _ h _ _ • or- - _ • _ _ _ • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 3 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 _ l c 0641 7 031 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 - 3 - Near east Asia Art 17 1974 Kuwait Morocco Saudi Arabia U A R abst abst abst abst 1977 abst abst abst abst CACR 1977 abst abst abst abst Given the voting patterns noted above it would appear that the personal demarches ad by Dan Horowitz to· the 32 governments in support of US positions f1 the ILO had no posi tive effect at alL These countries voting records in June 1977 mirro·red those of June 1974 and were in opposition to positions and issues the us supported IO LAB JLewis rtb 9 8 77 x21120 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417031 Date 10 11 2017 I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445866 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTM ENT OF STATE Washlneton D C 20520 IRELEASE IN PART 861 Dec l9 l975 To SIp -Winston I ord 86 From I'-----____________- - - - - - J Subject Dissent on Handling of ·Rhodesian Sanctions Issues I was disappointed ' n t'he' Department's response to my d i ssent Assigning action resp'qn'sibility fo l ' Rhod-esi n sanGtions is t i s to the RhQ eeian Desk Officer do s hot seem to'me to be a very dynam i c approach tp a problem which the 'Depqrtment has been grappling with unsucces ftilly for a numb er of years In fact during my tour' in AF the hodesian Desk·qfficers involved in such problems but did not ge mus h of a he rins when higher level officers i ither in AF or E 'or Commetc·e 'gave higher priority to selling items or keeping - ' i-foreign chiefs of state happy I therefore believe that the s me situation will arise again as did with regard to the sa'le of DC-8' s May I suggest one alteration in the Department's new mechanism Amend it to indicate that the Coordinator for Human Affairs must be formally brought into the picture whenever the pos ibility of sanctions violations exists Hopefully this will ensure that the key ' issue in sanctions e g the human rights of bla ks in Rhodesia will be given a little more attention than it has heretofore UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445866 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473531 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART WlOhtnilon D C 20520 86 UNCLASSIFIED ORANDUM TO FROM SUBJECT December 10 1 974 INR CIS - IL_______ 86 ---J S P - Samuel P Lewis Dissent Message on Visa Procedures re ublio Ch rge SIP has again discusse'd your dissent message of Septenl ber 13 with SCA We are informed that your views regarding the definition of a'public charge under our visa procedures along with other views on this subjeot are now receiving the oareful attention of senior officers in the Visa Office and in SCA This subject is an important item on the agenda at the consular conference now being held in Mexico and'it is anticipated that policy recommendations on'this subject will probably be developed following this 'meeting 1 I I SIP accordingly believes that your well- views are receiving adequate attention in the policy consideration now under way Although we 'expect that'any final decisions 'on this subj'ect will be made generally known we have in addition requested SCA to apprise rou of them when the current review is completed rea oned ' S -P -would li e to tp ur-int-erhelpful assistance in regard to this important matter ' st'and Clearances OFP - Mr Smith SCA - Mr Recknagel S P RBFinn vb ' x22456 j UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473531 Date 01 11 2018 OEPA RTM EN ' Oil 51 I E lVaShintlon D C OS U 4 February 3 19751- J LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I 86 Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Room 5254A Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear 1 -'I L-_ _ _ Thank you ve·ry much for sending the Department your views -in Tel Aviv's 3305 of 19 June 1974 about PL 480 sales to Israel Your use of the Dissent Channel to register views is specially appreciated We deeply regret that our tardiness preven ed this reply from reaching you hile you were still in Tel Aviv ·Your message made the point that Israel's increaSing prosperity has progrEl sively roded Isra'el' s case for·PL 480 assistance since its per capita GNP is rela tively ·high and because it is receiving substantial amounts of assistance of other kinds The' Department understands your reasoning but believes on the other hand that PL 480 assistance had helped maintain Israel's healthy balance of payments position while facilitating security purchases of military equipment on the civilian market abroad Moreover the Department believes that Israel does hav need' of food assistance • It is clear that the policy issues you raised are relevant beyond the immediate context in which y u raised them and this enhanced the value of your' raising them I am pleased that you and a member of my st'aff have had an opportunity to dis9USS these matters directly particularly since this gave us an opportunity more fully to appreciate your views In view of your'conversation here I understand that you consider further substantive response to your message unnecessary I should however like again to express my thanks for sending us your v ews • f S' T t j - r •• J • 1r t #' ' '-Co • • •• Sincerely - p I J 1' t' ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473857 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476094 Date 01 11 2018 - _ _-------- -- -------- _---- I CBNF IBEtH IA Depart171ent of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN § E ll INFO STATE 274409 OCT-0Cl AMAO-@I ES-01 004 R ORAFTED BY S P 'TTHo'RNTON AGAPPROVEO BY S P PWOLFOWITZ ---- -- - - - - - - - - - ----·----320S47 R 142140Z OCT 81 150313Z 66 38 PM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY SAN JOSE e e H FIe E N T I A l STATE 274409 I FROM DISSENT CHANNEL - FOR S P WOlFOWITZ lWOLFOWIT4 PAULI TAGS SUBJECT REFERENCE -1 e 4- B6 COSTA RICA'S ECONOMIC CRISIS SAN JO E 5764 gg FIiiEp'TI'1 - ENTIRE TEXT 2 WE HAVE RECEIVED YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE OF SEPT MBER 8 STUOlED IT CAREFULLY AND BROUGHT IT TO THE ATTENTION OF THE SENIOR CONCERNEO OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT I APPRECIATE THE THOUGHT THAT v-U HAVE GIVEN TO THlS MATTER AND THE INITIATIVE THAT YOU HA TAKEN IN DRAWING ATTENTION TO THE DIFFICULT eCONOMIC SITUATION OF COSTA RICA AND SOME OF ITS POSSIBLE EFFECTS 3 YOUR CONCLUSION THAT THE CURRENT LEVEL OF EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE IS NOT AN ADEQUATE SAFETY NET FOR COSTA RICA IS INCONTEST 9LE WE ALSO AGR e -- WHILE WE MWST 'PURSUE WAYS TO INCREASE ECONO C ASSISTANce TO· COSTA RICA - THAT WE SHOULO CONSIDER THE POSSIBIl ITY THAT EVEN INCREASED LEVELS OF ECONOMIC AS SISTANCE MAY NO 'SVFFIce PREVENT A seVERE OETERIORATION IN THE COSTA RICAN ECONOMY HOwEVER WE 00 NOT BELIEV THAT ECONOMIC HARDSHIP WIl L NECESSARI Y LEAD TO A FAILURE OF OEMOCRAC Y IN COSTA RICA OR THkT A TAKE-OvER BY EITHER LEFT OR RIGHT IS INEVITABLE THERE ARE OTHER POl ITICI L FACTORS AT WORK IN COST A RICA AND EVEN TO APPEAR TO GIVE UP ON CENTRIST ALTERNAT1VES TO THE PRESENT GOVERNMENT ESPECIALLY BEFORE THE El ECTIONS COULO UNDERMINE THE BEST HOPE THAT COSTA RICA HAS 0 4 NONETHELESS WE DO NEED TO CONSIDER A FUl l RANGE OF CONTINGENCrES AND OPTIONS INCLUOING THE ONE THAT v OU HAVE SET FORTH IN GENERAL TERMS WE WOUl D WEl COME SPECIFIC SCENARIOS AND REl ATED POLICY RECOMMENOATIONS THAT YOU AND YOUR COLLEAGUES IN THE EMBASSY BELIEVE WOULD BE USEFUL FOR THE FORMULATION OF MI·O ANO LONGER TERM U S POLICY TOWARDS COSTA RICA 5 THANK yOU AGAIN FOR YOUR CONSTRUCTIVE USE OF THE 01 S ENT CHANNEL HAIG ' - P flNF I AFNT I AI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476094 Date 01 11 2018 'UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431113 Date 11 13 2017 I - JJ0 A- RELEASE IN PART 86 E6UFIDENTIAL AF E RFILLING 6129 76 X23355 SIP JL_ORD J ' NEA EGY GBROWN· S P DKPETTERSON S CCT RAFEAREY AF WESCHAUFELE S P PLYDON _ SiP ONLY ABU DHABI ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL fOR I E O 11652' GDS TAGS l i J • i I r PFOR PINS 86 WL RFI RAf SU US SUBJECT PRESIDENT NIMEIRI'S CALL ON PRESIDENT FORD REFERENCE ABU DHABI 1432 1 THE DEPARTMENT ACKNOWLEDGES RECEIPT YOUR ARGUMENTS SUBMITTED THROUGH THE DISSENT CHANNEL AGAINST PRESIDENT NIMEIRI MEETING WITH THE PRESIDENT IN LIGHT OF NIMEIRI'S ROLE IN RELEASE OF EIGHT BLACK SEPTEMBER MURDERERS OF AMBASSADOR NOEL AND DCM MOORE GB WES DKP PJL 2 'PRESIDENT NIMEIRI IS MAKING A GOODWILL PRIVATE VISIT TO US JUNE 9-29 TO PROMOTE TRADE WITH SUDAN THIS UNOFFICIAL VISIT GREW OUT Of INVITATIONS FROM SEVERAL STATE GOVERNORS WHO HAD PREVIOUS CONTACTS ITH SUIAN IN RESPONSE TO SUDANESE REQUEST WHICH WAS SUPPORTED BY OUR EMBASSY IN KHARTOUM PRESIDENT FORD MET BRIEfLY WITH NIMEIRI ON JUNE 10 3 DEPARTMENT FULLY UNDERSTANDS THE STRONG fEELINGS THAT fRIENDS AND COLLEAGUES OF CLEO NOEL AND CURTIS MOORE HAVE ABOUT THE GOS RELEASE Of THEIR MURDERERS TO EGYPTIAN CUSTODY IN REACTION TO THIS RELEASE WE WITHDREW OUR AMBASSADOR FOR fIVE MONTHS AND SUS ENDED PROGRAMS OF C6NfIBEN'fIAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431113 Date 11 13 2017 ro 6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat 'Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431113 Date 11 13 2017 FORM DS 322A OCR -COr FIDENTI A L '1 2 BILATERAL AID AND ASSISTANCE FOR 21 MONTHS ' THE GOS UNDERSTOOD AND ACCEPTED THE ECESSITY FOR THE USG TO TAKE THESE ACTIONS AND WE BELIEVE THEY FORCEFULLY MADE OUR' POINT TO THE GOS WHERE YOU AND DEPARTMENT SEEM TO DIFFER IS ON HOW NIMEIRI GOVERNMENT IS TO BE PUNISHED WE DO NOT BELIEVE USG SHOULDoCONTINUE INDEFINITELY TO MAINTAIN SANCTIONS AGAINST A C UNTRY WHICH IS OF MiNOR BUT GROWING ECONOMIC CONCERN AND NOT INSIGNIFICANT REGIONAL' POLITICAL INTEREST TO US TWO YEARS HAVE NOW ELAPSED THE EIGHT KHARTOUM TERRORISTS ARE STILL IN DETENTION IN CAIRO THEY HAVE ALREADY SERVED THREE' YEARS MORE THAN ANY OTHER PALESTINIAN TERRORISTS AND THE GOS 'HAS PLAYED A DECISIVE ROLE IN FREEING ALL FIVE OF THE AMERICANS KIDNAPPED LAST YEAR BY ERITREAN INSURGENTS AS WELL AS HELPING OBTAIN THE RELEASE OF THE FIVE AMERICAN TENNECO CAPTIVES IN 1974 4 ' LO G S THE DECISION TO NORMALIZE REFLECTED THE CO SIDERED OPINION OF THE EXECUTIVE THAT SINCE WE HAD MADE OUR POINT SINCE IT HAD BEEN CLEARLY UNDERSTOOD BY THE GOS AND IN VIEW OF THE LATTER'S WISH fOR BETTER RELATIONS AND ITS COOPERATIVE ATTITUDE TOWARD THE USG NOTABLY IN CASE OF E ITREAN KIDNAPPERS THE TIME HAD COME fOR SUCH A MOVE 6 THE DEPARTMENT THANKS YOU fOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WISHES TO ASSURE YOU THAT YOUR VIEWS HAVE BEEN CAREfULLY NOTED AT HIGH LEVELS WITHIN THE DEPARTMENT YY cePJFIBENTI Al UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -1 F- 016-07743 Doc No C06431113 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431693 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE ssllll1itDn 0 c 205 0 July 25 1977 RELEASE IN PART 86 -rz s TO sIp - FROM ' la LAB - Mr Lake I SUBJECT f I 86 ' Dissent From Vanden Heuval's Proposal I attach my analysis I wish to dissent from this proposal for the'reasons stated in my mem0 of July 22 plus the reasons' stated in the m mo in L also attached I' As a separate but related subject · I dissent from the procedure whereby'S P sends a memo to the Secretary endorsing a policy proposal before the responsible bureau 'has had the opportunity to prepare and submit i s views on the proposal and without SIP thorough y st dying such views in reaching its own conclusion I question whether such action by sip serves the Secretary's needs I might add that when we submitteQ our Action Memo'on July 22 we conscien'tiously refrained from s'tating la's views on the var ious options becall se we had not yet heard from other bureaus and offices and did not wish to rush to judgment by giving the Secretary only a partial recommendation which did not incorporate all appropriate views I think sIp should follow a similar practice and rtot send to the Secretary a document which has not l een fully staffed out throughout the Department siP can always disagree with the responsible Bureau but only after SIP has reviewed the issue thoroughly Attachments 86 emWI9BN'f'IAL GDS m 'B ' ¥ f¥F MW ¥ q p 4t $9' UiJ' if • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-67743 Doc No C06431693 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN FULL DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTION MEMORANDUM SIS July 11 1974 TO The Secretary THROUGH P FROM AF - Donald B - Mr Sisco Easum Proposed 'Sale of Second DC-B to Gabon PROBLEM AND SUNMARY President Bongo is pressing us for an export license 'to permit him to buy another DC-B He says he will give us signed assurances it won't be misused even though another DC-B purchased from a US company for his personal use in 1972 'tvent immediately into Rhodesian trade This led to sharp criticism of the US Government along the lines that the sale violated or contributed to the violation of UN sanctions against Rhodesia We see three possible courses of action sell with moderate conditions sell with tougher conditions or refuse t sell the plane BACKGROUND THE FIRST PLANE The first DC-B as purchased by Affretair a company incorporated in Gabon Because of published reports and other indications that the compariy was involved in Rhodesian trade written assurances were obtained from Affret air that the plane would not be so used On instructions from Bongo the GOG provided oral assurances to this effect The export license was issued in September 1972 with a warning clause to the effect that if the assurances were violated future sales of parts or planes to Gabon could be affected The plane left the US October 14 as early as two weeks later it 't 7as reported to be in Rhodesian hands flying out of Salisbury SECR¥ T ' - GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 -- - - ---_ ----- _------------------------------------- SEGRE'£ 2 In late 1973 the USG received protests from the UN 'Sanctions Committee and the OAU and inquiries from the House Africa Sub-Committee about the employment of the plane Press stories criticized the Department for permitting such a sale A US note was sent to the Gabonese Government August 31 197 requesting information and assuranc'es about the use of the DC-B No written response has ever been receiv ed In December 1973 the UN Sanctions Co ittee based upon its investigation of the activities of Affretair sent a note to the GOG requesting its cooperation in terminating the illicit operations of the aircraft Recent eye vitness reports confirm that the plane nonetheless continues to fly meat regularly out of Rhodesia to Europe often stopping in Libreville en route THE SECOND PLANE The GOG has assured us that the second DC-B would be used only for Presidential travel and carriage of freight to and from other countries except those that are not UN members President Bongo sets great store on obtaining the plane now has promised written assurances concerning its use and says our refusal to sell may influence GOG attitudes toward US investment interests in Gabon Ambassador NcKesson is reasonably confident that the plane would not be misused and argues in favor of the sale citing the possibility of retaliatory action in the event Bongo is turned dm-m Investigations over the past several months by Commerce ExIm and intelligence sources have produced no clear evidence that Bongo has misrepresented the purposes of his proposed second purchase Greater factual detail is provided in a memorandum from L at Tab A Despite lack of such evidence to date INR and CIA be1ieve that the second DC-B would find its way into Rhodesian trade or be used in some kind of link-up with the first aircraft includin·g being used as a conduit for spare parts see INR memo at Tab B Factors that support this judgment include the worthlessness of Bongo's assurances concerning the first plane his knmvn contempt for Rhodesian sanctions which permits him to earn a lucrative rake-off on the first plane and the fact that the Rhodesian meat shippers are urgently seeking additional jet aircraft as well as spare parts for the first DC-B SECR ET - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 SECRET 3 THE OPTIONS 1 Approve the export license on condition that Bongo gives personal written assurances that the aircraft Quld not be used in any way to support Rhodesian trade Pro By showing our willingness to ignore Bongo's past transgressions and to trust his assurances concerning the second plane would help US-Gabonese relations to remain on even keel assist in maintaining Gabonese receptivity for American investment· and contribute to preserving whatever willingness Bongo may have to be helpful on issues which concern us ' Would generate quick criticism from a number of sources along the lines that the Department is flouting Rhodesian sanctions by ignoring our experience with Affretair and with Gabonese assurances that have proved worthless in the past Such criticism rould be particularly untimely in view of British and OAU increasing efforts to strengthen the effectiveness of sanctions and'our own attempts to obtain repeal of the Byrd Amendment 2 Approve the export license if Bongo agrees to the conditions in I above and on condition that he has removed the first plane from Rhodesian trade or canceled its Gabonese registry and denied it landing overflight rights Pro If Bongo were to do all these things a significant irritant in our bilateral relations would be eliminated This would end USG involvement in a sanctions violation which has generated considerable criticism from the' press Congress and international organizations It would also show a tough line on sanctions which in the eyes of some might strengthen our efforts to repeal the Byrd Amendment Con Our insistence on these conditions would probably produce a decision on Bongo's part to buy elsewhere It would also produce angry charges of unwarranted interference SECRET GDS - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 SECRET 4 in Gabon's internal affairs and possible retaliation against US interests in Gabon Horeover it would not assure permanent exclusion of DC-8s from illicit Rhodesian operations since Bongo could return the first plane and or place the second plane into Rhodesian trade as soon as he had the second DC-8 firmly in his possession 3 Refuse to sell by tvithholding approval of the export license Pro This option is attractive in the sense that unlike options that oblige Bongo to make promises or take actions that could be expected to be extremely unpalatable to him it would not touch the first plane or the money he is believed to make from it The option is straightfonlard without suggestions of doubt of Bongo' s vord or implications of interference in internal Gabonese affairs It ·Jould demonstrate to Bongo and others our support for Rhodesian sanctions at a time of heightened interest in their implemen tation and of efforts to obtain repeal of the Byrd Amendment It would also shmv ve meant tl7hat l7e said in the warning clause in the first export license and that we cannot ignore seemingly premeditated and continuing violations of Bongo's pledges to us the Con Could result in damage to our bilateral relations including the possibility of adverse decisions on several pending US business contracts and off-shore oil concessions BUREAU POSITION AF recommends Option 3 i e refusal to sell by denying the export license We would inform the Commerce Department that foreign policy considerations obliged us to recommend the denial This recommendation is based on AF's concurrence with the INR CIA assessr1ent that the second plane ·lOuld move into Rhodesian trade thus putting the sale into the category of an action that might fall under the terms of Executive Order 11419 which prohibits among other things the promotion of trade with Rhodesia L joins in opposing the sale on legal grounds provided the AF I1 CIA judgment of eventual use of the plane is sustained by the Department SECRET GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 SECRE'f' j Bongo could be expected to react against this decisioa He is a pragmatist hmvever and would be unlikely to take across-the-board aGtion against US interests he Bight single out one or two companies to ShOH his displeasure ' e belie 'e the p ssibility of retaliation on his part could be nitigeted by our explaining the decision straightfoDvardly indicati g that ve had no other alternative given our experience with the first plane current heightened interest in tte ple en­ tation of Rhodesian sanctions and our present efforts to obtain repeal of the Byrd Amendment REC 0 1NENDAT ION That you authorize adoption of Opt ion 3 refuse to sell withholding approval of the export license Approve___________ Disapprove___________ Alternativ ely you may vish to adopt Option 1 -- approval of e ort license on condiLion Bongo gives p rsonal written assurances that the aircrafL would not be used in any Vay to support Rhodesian trade Approve__________Disapprove_________ Option 2 -- approval of export license if Bongo agrees to' conditions in Option 1 and on condition that he has re oved first plane from Rhodesian trade or canceled its Gabonese registry arid denied it landing overflight rights Approve________ Disapprove__________ Attachments 1 L Memorandum 2 INR Memorandum rry L AF - Hr Huffman _ Ii lR - Hr Packcen ···Y ClearalJ ces EB OA - Hr Ortrn an · _ AF S - Hr O'Neill' EB ITP EHT - Hr Goo man AF RA - Hr Han er· ' ' ' y ' r-- Drafted by _ ' AF c fDlggs AP mer AF JFql y DBEasum gm ext22530 7 l1 74' SE€RE'f' GDS - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 TAB SEiCRE'3 GDS A July 11 1974 Proposed Sale of Second DC-8 to Gabon Factual Summary The Gabonese Minister of Economy and Finance entered into an agreement dated March 20 1974 with Seaboard Norld Airlines Inc for the purchase of a DC-8 63CF convertible cargo-passenger aircraft for a price of $11 200 000 The contract is contingent upon EXI M financing Gabon has deposited $400 000 but can recover this sum if it - vithdra s from the agreement at this time Applications for an export license and for EXIM financing have been filed The GOG has also entered into an agreement th UTA under vlhich the French company ould service and operate the DC-8 and an agreement ·lith Air Afrique hereby that airline llould operate the DC-8 when Bongo ' as not employing it for his personal travel In a letter to Ambassador McKesson dated April 13 1974 President Bongo stated that the aircraft would be employed for his personal use In a note to the President of the EXH1 Bank dated March 21 1974 the Minister of Economy and Finance stated that the DC-8 would be used for Presidential travel and the carriage of freight to other countries except those not repr ­ sented in the United Nations i In 1972 President Bongo pressured the Department to authorize sale of a DC-8 to Affretair a Gabonese-registered company He stated that the DC-8 was to be used for his personal use as well as for freight carriage within Gabon and between Gabon and Europe Because of published reports of Affretair's involvement in air freight traffic ·lith Rhqdesia the Department requested the Conunerce Department to condition issuance of an export license upon the receipt of written assurances frQ m the Gabonese that the aircraft muld not be used in trade with Rhodesia Affretair provided written assurances to this effect but the Gabonese government assurances were only provided orally by the Minister of Transportation upon instructions from Bongo The export license was then issued with tpe further proviso that future sales of aircraft or spare parts would be conditioned' upon Gabonese compliance w'ith their assurances Though we have no firm assurance that Affretair advised the Gabonese government about this warning we consider this a strong possibility Prior to issuance of the export license in 1972 some officers in the Department were aware of sensitive intelligence information frcm British sources that Affretair was a front for a Rhodesian concern and that the DC-8 'vould be operated and managed out of Salisbury under Gabonese registry The conduct of the Department officers approving the sale under these circumstances is now the subject of an inquiry by a special panel convened by Deputy Under Secretary Brown The Acting Director of the Office of Central African Affairs had earlier brought the matter to the attention of the Justice Department On GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 -------------------SElCRtl'i' 2 the basis of similar information from private commercial sources ­ cluding Air Afrique EXIM denied financing for the aircraf K 'ich -as then pri vat ely financed through the exporter and de arted t e Uni c States October 14 1972 On October 28 the London Daily elE ra reported that a Salisbury concern had acquired Rhodesia's iirs cc mercial jet a DC-8 to be kno m as the II sanctions buster II • Si iCe that time the aircraft has been engaged in viell publicizec f eigi t traffic to Gabon and to Europe The U S has received protests fre the UN Sanctions Committee and the OAU and there have been critical reports in the press of the Department's conduct Recently de j pressure Greece announced it would in the future withhold facilities f·rom the DC-8 The Netherlands is also seized ·lith the prcble n 0 Affretair's use of its facilities The U S Coromerce Departrr ent bas rejected several applications for licenses to export spare arts to Affretair When Bongo first requested another DC-8 in a meeting O Dece -ber 5 1973 Ambassador McKesson as he reported in Libreville 1093 - 7 Dec 1973 IIregistered surprise and recalled unfavorable p blicity connected with first purchase He Bongo brushed t 1is asi de as l­ consequential and said that if it would make it easier fo U s G O G would purchase plane directly rather than through ff etair and he ouid personally sign any documents ve 'iolanted so that no possible criticism could be attached to U S II In April of this year Commerce acquired information f o a U s citizen recently in Rhodesia that Bongo received a s lbstantial su annually from the Rhodesian concern to keep the DC-8 under Gabonese registry and that the same concern 'i'lould be attempting soo to ac ui e another DC-8 in the U S also to be registered in Gabon This disclosure which raised the prospect of a repetition of the 1972 tra saction I viaS subsequently corroborated by reports fre t -lO r S ai craft vendors that they had been contacted on behalf of Affretai cy Fre e ick B Ayer Associates the SvTiss aircraft broker which had ar ange l the first DC-8 sale However closer inquiry by COIZlerce d t i t1 e Frederick B Ayer office in Ne q York disclosed that it 'las seekir q a DC-8 55F for Affretair vlhereas Bongo had contracted -lith Seaboard World Airlines to acquire a slightly different model terned a DC-8 63CF Coincidental vlith Commerce's investigative efforts EXIl-l Bar has sought information regarding Bongo's efforts through Air ri ri e and UTA the French carrier 'hich 'i'lere among the private co - e cial sources which tipped-off EXIM about the true nature of the fi st sale In the present case these sources have corroborated Bongo's stats ent that he desires the aircraft for Presidential travel or lease to ir Afrique These sources however may not be objective si ce as noted UTA has a contract to service the aircraft for Bongo a d Ai Afrique has a contra t to use it when not being operated for Eongo UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 3 The Department has also sought information about Bongo's efforts through the British intelligence channels which revealed the Rhodesian link in the last transaction These sources have not yet disclosed any useful information concerning the present case Finally the Department sought the Vie 'ls of the OAU' on Bongo's request in light of that organization's earlier criticism of our first sale Though the OAU never responded directly to our inquiry president Gowon in his former capacity as OAU President rote to Bongo stating in part liAs far as I am concerned your'decision to buy a DC-a 63 aircraft for your personal use is a purely internal affair of the Republic of Gabon and it is not for the Organization of African unity to give or withhold consent about its purchase 1I A does not believe this communication will in any way immunize the U S G from African criticism should the second aircraft be used in Rhodesian trade Ikt L AF BKHuf an mmp 7 11 74 x-23736 SEC 'J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445627 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472755 Date 01 11 2018 I LEASE IN PART I ' I J' tJ Jt - I JtJrI- oI February 3 1975 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE qJ l 5 n f 86 Bureau of Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs Room 5254A Department of State Washington D C 20520 - - Dear Mr Matter Thank you very much for sending the Department'your views 'in Tel Aviv's 3305 of 19 June 1 74 about PL 480 sales to Israel Your use of the Dissent Channel to register views is especially appreciated We deeply regret that our tardiness preven ed this reply from reaching you oJhile you were still· in Tel Aviv • Your message made the point that Israel's increasing prosperity has progre ssively roded'Israel's case for'PL 480 assistance since its per capita GNP is rela tively ·high and because it is receiving substantial amounts of assistance of other kinds The' Department understands your reasoning but believes on the other hand that PL 480 assistance had helped maintain Israel's healthy balance of payments position while facilitating 5ecuri y purchases of military equipment on the civilian marke abroad Moreover tne Department believes that Israel does have need'of food assistance • It is clear that the policy issues you raised are relevant beyond the immediate context in which y u raised 'them and this enhanced the value of your raising them I am pleased that yo u and a member of my staff have had an opportunity· to dis9USS these atters directly particularly since this gave us an opportu ity mo e fully to appreciate your views 7 In view of your'conversation here I understand that you consider further substantive response to your message unnecessary r should hO Olever like again to express my thanks for sending us your v e s Sincerely If ' I l • V ' ' ' l ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472755 Date 01 11 2018 co 641688 TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064168 7 Date 10 11 2017 'A '7f l L J U 5 -e vr y ' c J r ''''' ''''''· ICflj DEPARTMC NT OF STATE r t 'l ' J'ij I w ' ·t -' 'iIIilK $'i _1--------- Washington D C 20520 ' ' 'f • • RELEASE IN PART 86 August 29 1977 CONFIDENTIAL 86 r Political Officer American Embassy Tripoli Dear - - - I_ _ _ 86 _- ' This is further to my letter of August 2 acknowledging your dissent channel message of July 11 which questioned the advisability of our becoming involved in the dispute in northern Chad You are quite right in pointing' out that the conflict between Libya and Chad grO oJ s out of tribal disputes that reach far back in history But current politics and ideology are involved as well and e cannot ignore these Though Libyan support for the Moslem tribes of northern Chad antedates the Qadhafi regime Qadhafi has given a new thrust to this activity Moreover current Libyan claims to toe Aouzou strip appear to ignore Libya's previous acceptance in the 1955 Franco Libyan Treaty of the conventional boundary from 19891902 which we have officially recognized See State Department Geographer's International Boundary Study n the Chad Libya Boundary of May 5 1961 President Sadat of Egypt believes that events in Chad are part of a Libyan attempt to subvert and outflank his own government We may not see the problem precisely in this way but we are obliged to give weight to Sadat' s vie 'ls And in any event it is clear that Qadhafi's activities in northern had pose a threat to the existence of that country's government which is friendly bOtl1 to Egypt and to the united States We agree · i th Chad' 5 other friends e g Sudan Saudi Arabia Niger France that the only solution to the insurgency is a negotiated arrangement between Chad and the·rebels guaranteeing the latter certain rights in their horne territory We do not believe that a military solution is feasible and it is not our CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416887 Date 10 11 2017 ------------------------------ co 641688 TIED u s Depa'rtmeni of State Case No F-2016-07743 'Doc No C06416887 ate 10 11 2017 - CONFIDENTIAL -2intention to encourage Chad to seek such a solution or to become involved ourselves in the dispute' But we do think it is in the national interest of the United States to make limited sales of military equipment to the Government of Chad In the meantime vie plan to contipue to support the mediation efforts undertaken by the Organization for African Unity Our goal is a negotiated settlemeht of the dispute • j Let me express my appreciation for your thoughtful well-written analysis You are quite correct in drawing attention to the danger of the United States Government's becoming directly involved in the Chad conflict It is a point that all of us in the department who deal with tl1is problem will keep very much in mind Sincerely t - Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff ' ·r CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416887 Date 10 11 2017 1 _ _-_ _ ----UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of tate Case No F-2016-0 743 Doc No C06431440 Date 11 13 2017 CONFIDENTIAL i SIP JAARZT BDM ' EXT 29716' 4-9-76 S P PBSWIERS NEW DELHI PRIORITY fORI ' - - - -_ _ _ _---- J E O 11652 GDS TAGS SUBJECT REF DISSENT MESSAGE NEW DELHI 3621 1 THIS CABLE WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE nDEVELOPMENT AID AS A POLITICAL WEAPON n • R THOMAS THORNTON OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A UBSTANTlVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION fOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR PAPER HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE 'OFfICES OF THE SECRE TARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIREC1 0R Of THE POLICY PLANNING STAFf AND THE CHAIRPERSON Of THE OPEN fORUM PANEL WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISStNT CHANNEL AND ILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS Y U HAVE SUBMITTED YY CQNFIB EWfIAt L J ---------------------------------- -- ----------- ---------------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431440 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 ' • _ 0 p' ____ • _ _ •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ --- '----- I LEASE I PART I DEP RTMENT OF STATE Wuhln8lon D C I 2C1 20 August 2 978 I I CONEIDE111I1ttl MEMORANDUM 1'-_______----' B6 TO PM SAS - From' SIP - Anthony Subject Dissent Channel Paper on U S policy Toward Kenya and the Horn La With apologies for the long delay ' let me belatedly give you a substantive rep y to your provocative paper of February 2 8 ' ' ' Your basic thesis -- that the key to long-range stability in the Horn lies in Somali acquisition of both the Ogaden and the North East rn Province of Kenya -- ·is of course in sharp contrast to our own and the OAU position of preserving the territorial integrity of African states as they are presently constituted Your specific policy·recommendations -- e g ' that we encourage Kenya to cede the NEP and that we not oppose the actions of third countries helping'somalia to retain control of the Ogaden - - are vigorous and interesting but raise a number of difficult problems I am doubtful that you have given adequate weight to the enormous importance African states attach to the OAU-sanctioned principle of territorial integrity • The almost u iversal backing by sub-Saharan countries for the Ethiopian position in the Ogaden war t'ends to 'support this judgment The thought of widespread conflict in Africa over existing borders tends to confirm its wisdom - - _ _---- - --_ _ 6 __ •____ __ - ___ _ _ ___ _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 _ • __ _ • - ___ ___ r _ • • • ---' _ _ __ - ' '- __ _ _ _- • '- _ ' _0 _____ w _ WNlf l3tI'i'I At -2 From such a point of view the domestic and foreign policy problems Ethiopia and Kenya would face if they tried to divest themselves of their ethnic Somali areas are formidable and not to be undertaken lightly The borders of traditional Somali areas both in Kenya and in Ethiopia are very difficult to define much' like the exact borders of uGerman areas 11 in the Sudeten and I doubt that Kenyatta Mengistu or their successors would be willing to consider letting these areas go assuming they could be sharply defined even for substantial assistance quid pro quos You suggest these quids should come from the US Government an innovation which could cost us beavi1y and might open parallel issues in numerous other areas of the world I suspect in fact that only military defeat could provide an adequate stimulus for and explanation of Ethiopia and Kenya giving up these areas Even if Somalia with outside aid were successful in achieving a Greater Somalia this would be likely only to create a new and extended period of instability as 'Kenya and Ethiopia sought outside help of their own to regain their territories The 1964-67 Shifta War the Ogaden conflict and the Eritrean revolt support the vie '1 that unfortunately only a considerable amount of 'force can hope to change the territorial status quo in the Horn 'I am lso concerned that the steps you propose might seriously strain and possibly destroy U S Kenyan relations at a time when we are '1orking hard to improve them In addition it could injure our relations with· nearly all other members of the OAU who might understandably fear that we would next propose that they top give up some of their ethnic regions I -I While the Ogaden and NEP will continue to be areas of tension and backwaters outsid'e the main streams of Ethiopean and Kenyan life Somalia can really do more to aid its ethnic brethren in Kenya and Ethiopia by peaceful means rather than by directly supporting armed conflict in these same areas -- - __ 0 • • • • • _ _ '_ _' ______ _ •• _ _ _ _ _ o __ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 -man' ' ' - -3- 'I do want to thank you for sharing your views with us and to apologize again for my delay in getting back to you I hope you will continue to give us your opiniops either informally or through the dissent channel We value them and will take them into account as w e tr¥ to hammer out workable policies for the Horn and for other areas of Africa ·eeNPIBBfi'fI'MI UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446304 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 CONFIDENTIAL RELEASE IN PART 86 c ' December 3 1974 The Secretary'of State Department of State Washingt6n ·D C • • p' Dear Sir The following is dissenting view in accordance with State' Depart nl Airgram A-3592 of'May 21 1974 ' SUMMARY In the prosecution of U 5 policy in Tha1land' 'the official u S Embassy a d Military posture of supplication vis-a Vis the'RtG is not only Belf- h featin bu is wli lly out of ' e ping with ·e f tit er good bargaining techniques or the factual situaeions we nave 'faced in the past or fade today While this approaCh h8 $ not 'b'een toUlly unpro'ductive its dollar costs Oav e been grosiiiy higher t'hSit heces ary t and important it '-established the basis 'for many of the pr 8ent­ day USG p ritical problems in Thailand Thise 'problems are being exacerbated' by the continuation of weak negotiating practices and an almost cavalier attitude towards costs and waste partic larily on the part of the u s Military uU re DISCUSSION ' ' 7 • t· There is now and has been over the years in our dealings with the TG tear f ie 9 h p'a t' o our senior civiiian and ldi i-· tarY o'U'icials to recognize the value 'of the U S presence in Tharland to' the' TG ' ' Tnu weglefieSs lib b'een qu'±te naturl ilY p'iaiEid· poii by the RTG ii vM'Y opportuiiity 'partiC ul arly in' their de81fng's ··conb em1ng the r ·u 8 Milita in thaIland The theory·that uniess 'we cio everything the RTG ant 8 they will throw us out has ilong be en and still is es p u st a'· 'th o-ff i l E assy p it on 'and ts ''t1E t er bflsed on f -l nor is it supportable ' 01 circumst'ances t'tte political Bide such a position has resulted in precedents which have actually weakened t 4' t ' I -dONFIDENT ' ' ' ' _ ' ' ' ' _ 1 -· - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 r' CONFIDENTIAL ' our position The l ck of a St i' u o or es agr eJI1ent b· l icj e of From point ' the more serious problems in this' onnection t the fi Hcial ' of' view consistently weak negotiating tactics have cost tlie ·U S • t ' Taxpayers far in excess of what would-be justifiable or necessa y to ·attain our foreign poiicy g6 'is y EXAMPiES Of what can be accompilsheaj 0' 0' -' ' • • • multi uii111on dollar rocure s of Thal irice' iii' support of our program i L O ' 'w iJ r 's 'i miD 8 J6n i § to 1nit ate'd i epeh d ntly by 5 D La c s th _ ct n t k n put urg t ti ed £ p r tlie Eice 1kfr s 7a_t 1 o titi l d ' ptocr st ti t t o the part _ ¥ ' ' the U '5 'Embas'sy in Thailima 'whose then counselor for -Economic Affairs at on pbmt aetuaily 'iI jggi sted that' the UsG 'pay Hie taxes rather 'than ' • • • 4 '2 t S ' I ' _ t he ple s 1tlt ques 9 to I ilglf e ough l v t within th'e RTG to allow for 'a solution USAID Laos r refusal tolpay the taxes arid direct usAiD1Uo's woffiJial c oJitact' witi the'RTG forced the Embassy arrange '''o'ffiCial '1iieei 'ng -bkfWre ' USAID Lao's epresen'tative the Embasiy- -t mi 'Ho 'r f'Ogr Economic' Aifli i 8- a3d' the 'fresponsibie RTG officl'al' n t t p'p riS t t tlie 4eci -nia 4ev e t e ' G offiCial detetmined 'the USG rice fee Jitfg 'program was' to be treated' as a joint ' t ' AID pro'gram ' between 'the USG and the RTG on behalf of the RLG II with resul an t i3 i#8 d of ore than' S$13 ml on In spit of the fo ego g lat as lu y 197 4 the U S ¥mbassy in Ba gliok refused to ackoowleag Jthis RT a titude and to use same in negotiations with the RIG con rning USG programs in Laos t 'to • t t a rn n t of e 2 ry 1 em1t# 4 'r r ve s - ide ta es 'on US ' ' -' n p te er 1973 ' f i ff a l1 r f stituted require- 'i' e I • • t ' - an • tt t 2 In July 1974 the ExPress Tra sport Organization of Tbailand ETP greed to 'transit-truck rate for USAID Laos cargo between'Sa i tahip and Laos which is'Bht '1110 U5$ 54 50 per ten ton truck lower than iTo's original askiDg prlce and is Bbt 1441 40 US$ 70 66 per ten ton truck lower than the rate now being paid by the U S Military for the 8aine service over the' same· ro1ite Tile present U S MUitan rate is based'on's renegotiati n'of't e-MilitarylETb'agreemen effected at about ' s e 't¥i l 8 ' ·uj ya s 1 g r m' i' J 'iU- 'i 9 t4 h U S 'Militaryi Contracting Officer 'ano •Embas y officials' revealed on the military sfde an a-ttituae of indifference 'ar id the cl 1in that the' ETO is a m01 l poly - we can't do anything about their o e'rcharges 'a ' The SAID Laos ETO agreement followed nearly two years of negotiations during hich t e ETO operating 'level negoti tors r fused to reduc their excessive demands and numerous requests for assistance - 2 - CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 eoNFIDENT from the U S Embassy prove4 f uitle s The satisf c ory concl sion was reached within less'than two months following USAID Laos' determinati'on that the oft-request d assistance from the U S Embassy was s plY not to be' forthcoming Accordingly direct contact was made between USAID Laos and a senior ElO off'icial The considerable concession in rate granted by 'the ETq was based on the fact that the'ETO as an TG Ag n y agreed to consider and ultimateiy recognized he mutuality of USG RTG interest 'in the USG Laos program the very polnt the U S • Embassy has consistently rejected as being a valid bargaining pos tibn ' ' The succe ss of both of the foregoing negotiations proves important points ' 1 The RIG doe recognize the impprtan e of our presence and pro i support f ti-c el m n s td'c ati ouS countries and is prepared to c ooperate when the cht'ps are doWn II ' 2 By nO meane is the USG· forced to comply blindly with unreltsbna ble 'dem llncis· by RTG agencies ' Ali' demands are negotiable and chances f6r positive' results increase propoftionately wii ·the level of approa within the RIG $' ' o ' f everal There is no doubt that not all of the U S desires are politically or otherwise acc ptable to the RIG However I contend that more often than not rec lcitrance or unreasonable demands on the part of RTG o ficials part cularly operaiibg level personnel res lts more from th act that they have corr ctly assessed the lack of bargaining ability and simple naivete on the part 'of our diplomatic and military tEiams here ' and not b cause as a matter of RTG p o'licy major 'U S objectives in 'this part of the world are sign1fl'cantly auf of li e with those of the RTG ' i 0' Tile recent v1'sit to 'Laos of the Israng r is a' p rfect' ca e n Ppi t about U S ases on'Tha1 so1l tie made whU-e the' RTG' ·c1oe I not' want r1lJn in its terr1tbry • • • the RTa • • • tary forces of any 'other oations stationed'in the RTG cons i ileis it necessary' ' that some ·U 'S prlesE nc e ' ' 1 USIS translation Foreign Minister Charoonphan Israngkur' s News Conference Don Muang Airport Nov 8 1974 - 3 - CONFIDENTIAL • • • # •• ' f ' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 COl'J t't1J KN'l' AL c'ontinue at least for the present time since according to Foreign M1riisf r Cha'roonphan withdrawals depend the situation outside our country and whe r there ill'be ny 4ev lopments which would have repercussions oil' the stability and security of our country 11 This was certainly the attitude of the former Thanom regime and it is clearlt th ati itude' of die present RTG · ' on It is a fact'that while political'power'is presently in the hands of civilians s6mf'i of hom are nol plirti'cularly prb U S the' raw 6¥ 1 g Cs ' 'b ' ¥ # f J i Mfl tary which organihtion·lias been' fmd' continues 'to 'be in·ffa o r f continued U S M11 i'tah presence iJ· TI dland 'M6 f eove1 i Dany n ghif pl'aced indivi a s w t tll yo t h tH El Tha Fiv ' ln ' $ u tCY litary rg dza­ tione lire conn ctea witn b'uBine88 entlir s whil h r ap Bubstantili1 p d#ts f t iil1 od8' a# f$ rv ep s pp i Ei ' tWtli '$ ji f tl # 9f £1ciU and unin ·rlEid U • S • Military · pehotidel aiia tneir depeil'dents e 'e'1i i'tur i ri q rirg J le ' f irs ' e e ' m rl t t o cr ' '74 amount a to U $ l 60 OO O W r or bo t 8 6 l ndt s i ign exchange surl 1tis It is' obvious tliat a complete 1J nd 6r precipitous w thdrawai of r s Military' pirsonnel w uia n t blfsuitab'le to either the Toni MilitKrr as ao organiza ion eceiv1Dg 'many opetat1 benefits from the U S M1litafy'preseneli the RTe from a stiict'ly nadoiuii u J e onomic vi r o th rC UllI po iticaiiy poT f Hul i l ' I' an military iria1'viduals whose DuSiness'intere'sts would ' ·be negatively affected by the loss of the 'substantial market the U Military represents 'In this connection it should also be recognized that even one of the severest thaI critics of the 2 s £o er Foreign isteF Dr banat Khoman has made it clear - that removal of U S troops and base is not e ected to be immediate and that tne military should be replac d by a I s-imilar umber of 'businessmen ed cators doctors and scl e ltlsts The implicat Lo being that Th land is weil aware of the economic impact of the U S Military presence ana the negative effect on the Tha economy of a complete withdrawal· without a concurrent replacement source of income ' •• ·r • '0' 1 USIS translation Foreign Minister Charoonphan Israngkur's News Conference Don Muang Airport Nc5v 8 1974 2 Embassy BKK Airgram A243 6 30 72 3 MACTHAI 4 Address to American Chamber of Commerce February 20 1974 - 4 - CONFIDENTIAL _ r or T' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 CONCLUSION The naivete evidenced by our Embassy and Military staff in dealings with the RTG has seriously undermined our efforts in Thailand and has achieved results only at costs far greater than necessary RECOMMENDATION Reassess our Military requlre nts in Thailand Make every effort to reduce our presence unilaterally Understand· that requirements of ou also have Military and econOmic value to the RTG Recognize that these are real values and that they involve a mutuality of political interests as well as significant financial interest on official and unofficial levels and employ this knowledge positively in negotiations with the RIG Abandon the hat- in hand approach whereby we feel we must continually prove our worth to th RTG That is to say negotiate with the knowledge that we do represent both political and economic assets to the RTG and to many of the individuals within the RTG with whom we negotiate Put our negotiations on a businesslike basis and in so doing bring into our dealings with the RTG a greater degree of practicality than heretofore exhibited Sincerely VDUrS 86 Chief f Bangkok Operations Office USAID Laos cc Director of Policy Planning Staff Executive Secretary -eoNFlDENTl Af - 5 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472904 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476735 Date 01 11 2018 l rI 1 Ii i3 Ilj r I • II t 1 i t l i r I LI 1iIL'lt HI idgtillt lduUir l liJlI YIiI UNCLASSIFIED OUTGOING pepartlnent f S a fe @ 119475 STATE· INfO OCT-OO TELEGRAM ADS-OO ES 01 26B3 RELEASE IN PART 86 1003 R DRAfTED BY SIP-OF EESVENDSEN MEG APPRO VED BY 5 IP - 0F r E SVEND SEN SIP 08ANDlER ------------------344017 301005Z 138 R 300'612Z APR 83 FM SECSTATE WASHOC I O AMEMBASSY VIENNA UNCLAS STATE DISSENT E O 119475 CHANNEL FOR 1-1______--'1 FROM OPEN fORUM 86 12356 N A TAGS N A SUBjECT SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE REF VIENNA 04581 ·CHAIRMAN·ERIC SVENOSEN - 1 YOUR MESSAGE ON SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN TH' WORKPLACE SLUGGED fOR THE DISSENT ·CHANNEL HAS RECEIVED liMITED 015THE REI S· S0ME 0 UES T ION WH ETHE R THIS •TRIB UTI 00 N TO SIP 0 Nl Y• IS PRO -ERLY A DISSENT CHANNEL MATTER SltlCE THE ISSUE INVOLVES· A DISPUTE WITHIN AFSA RATHER THAN·A SUBSTANTIV r 0 RE I G Il· POL ICY 0 UEST ION · H·O WE VER I HAVE PRO VIDE D AF SA PRESIDENT DENNIS HAYES· WITH A COpy OF YOUR MESSAGE AND AFSA· IS CUR RENTlY PREPARING A COORDINAHD RESPONS·r ·TO THE P INTS RAISED If THE MATTER IS NOT RESOLVED WITHIN A REASONABLE TIME WE Will CONSIDER fURT·HER STEPS ·REGARDS DAM UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476735 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445870 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF S ATE Washington D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 to January Ii 1976 86 Dear Ms Palmer ' € t Thank you f9r once again offering a suggestion regarding the Department's procedure for handling Rhodesian sanctions violations Inclusion of·th Coordinator for Humanitarian Affairs in the p oce4ure makes eminent good sense AF has agreed to notify the Coordinator's office when it becomes' aware of a possible violation' of sanctions and the Coordinator's office has respon ed positively to the suggestion that it participate The mechanism providing for participation by the Coordinator's office has been formalized Your ontinued interest in this matter has been help_ful and is appreciated Sincerely yours Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff _-------_ _ _--_ _-----_ _-_ _---_ _ _ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445870 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473532 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTM ENT OF STATE WaShlnRlon D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 LI I ED OFFICIAL USE J September 20 1974 MEMORANDU1 1 I I TO INR CIS - From sIp - Winston Lord tA t Subject Dissent Message This is to 'acknowledge receipt of your dissent message of' September 13 1974 on Section 212 a lS of the INA Mr Richard B Finn of the P'olicy Planning Staff S P has been named coordinator in charge of sUbstantive response to this d ssent message In accordance ith the stipulated distribution for dissent messages 'your airgram has been circulated to the Offices of the Secretary The Executive Secretary The Director General The Directo of the Policy Planning 'Staff and the secretary's Open Forum Panel Additional· copies are being sent to the Administrator of the Bureau of Security and Consular Affairs and to Mr Carl Shepard of the Visa Office We will concerns eply as promptly as possible to your LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ' - ' 1 - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473532 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473859 Date 01 11 2018 I _ ' ' RELEASE IN PART Department of Sta te 86' 1illlllV1 lU4 ' PAr E 1 TEL AV 330e 50 ACTION Sp 01 R 9 9S1 JUN 14 FM A fMBASSV i L AVIV 'TO SECSTATE WA8H C 2185 UMITEO 'OFFIC14L USE TEl AVIV 3 §J5 I$SEN't' eH4NNt L F ' I 11652' NIt TAAS fAtO EAGR IS' RU JI ISRAEL'S V 191 PL 48 TITb AEQ t EHENTS IilEF A TE'L AVIV 26QSI B TiL' AVIV $'06 f'Ol bOWING I REPRESENTS DlSS NTING VIEWS CSEE REF Bl OF'I ECONOMrC CO MERCIAL 9F l eE '--_ _ -1 P ' I aeI I£v E tMBASSy S ORIGINAL PROPOS AL CREF Al WAS SOUNDL V ·BARED TO EXTENT THAT ISRAEL'S SECURITY SlTU TION REQUIRES USG FINANCIAL ASSISTANCE· NO IT UNQUESTIONABLV OOES HiLIT Ry eReDIT ANn SUPPORtING ASSISTANCE· ARE AP ROPRIATE USG HAS SEEN ·GEN RDUS W%TH THIS IO ANO ILL uNoousiEOLV CONTINUE TO BE SO AS FOR EcnNOMIC ASSI STANCE CESPEC·%AI LY PL· 480' ISRAEL I S tN RUUNr PR SPERlTY HAS PROGRESSIVELY RODEO ISRAEL'S CASE gUR PL 4ije AS zst4NeE IS MORE URGENTLY NEEOEO 8Y COUNTRIES WITH ONE-FIfTH OF JSRAEL'S P R CAPlTA GNP KEATING L Mlr o OfFICIA •• C'f lOU ___ •__ _ - · v·- '1 - - ' USE _ __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473859 ate 01 11 2018 86' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476097 Date 01 11 2018 r J' - I 1 RELEASE IN PART B6 - i - - - ' O fI'E TI l t 'i fi V S P CALLEGRONE AG n 22 al tXT 22'i7a S P PtdOLfOhfITZ ·1 1 SAN dOSE ' iSSENT CHANNEL FOR i IFRO ------ O 11652 TAGS 4 - S P 'PAUL 'IIJO f'OIllITZ 1 ' '1w ' ' ····1 p C GDS 'i 2i 6b 1II0QEOIlJITZ PAUL N A -l 1 1 SUBJECT REFEREICE· SAN JOSE 1 YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL nESSAGE j S7L CONfI»ENTIAL - ENTIRE TIXT 2 THAN 'YOU FOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL nESSAG HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES TO THE SECRETARY THE COUNSELOR THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FORINTER-AnERICAN AFfAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR ECONOnIC AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS HE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE DIRECTOR ·OF THE OPEN PORUn THOnAS THORNTON POLICYUPLANNING STAFF nEn8ER IIIILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY YY E 1 1 if - _ - ' '1fIU •• l _ - - - - - - • '-t - t » r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476097 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 h DEPART MENT OF STATE Washrneton O C 20520 IRELEASE IN PART BS December 9 1974 --_ _ _ _---- I _ rtf --- TO M FSI SSFP FROM S P - Samuel W Lewis ' Acting SUBJECT Your Dissent Memorandum Critigue of The Substantive Handling of The Cyprus Crisis dated Ausut 9 1974 In accordance with the procedures set forth in the Department Notice of May 8 1974 concerning dissent messages this will constitute the response to your Dissent Memorandum on Cyprus dated August 9 1974 Although the Secretary has had the opportunity to consider your Memorandum the Policy Planning Staff takes responsibility for this reply in'which the Bureau of European Affairs also concurs I apologize for the length of time which has elapsed This is essentially an argument about US prescience and US power You assert in substance that 1 The status quo ante crisis was infinitely better than the present situation and we should therefore have made greater efforts to preserve it This argument brackets the time sequence of'the actual crisis 2 Before the COU2 'it was known'tbat Ioannides to oyer 9 Ma arios and that the con equences would be severe intenge -- strong US representations to Ioannides would have prevented the crisis -- nevertheless foreknowledge was 'not translated into policy primarily because intelligence from Athens was at best conflicting and because the USG was not in touch with the decision-making element in the GOG SEeM' ' GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 SJ3CMl'f 2 3' A ter the coup it was known that a Turkish military intervention could only have been prevented by removal qf Sampson and the Greek coup leaders on Cyprus - -- strong US repr-esentations to the Greeks to remove them would have prevented the intervention -- nevertheless foreknowledge was again not translated into policy 4 After the Turkish intervention it is a fact that the-present situation which is tending to evolve toward partition of the island is fraught with peril permanent Greek-Turkish confrontation with permanent destabilizat on of NATO's southeastern flank and permanent opportunities for the USSR in -the area -- strong US pressure on Turkey in favor of a tradeoff of Turkish military withdrawal for federation on Cyprus can substantially correct this situation even if the status quo ante cannot be restored -- nevertheless it does not appear that these perceptions are being tran lated into policy Nobody ould claim perfection for our policy concerning Cyprus but a different view of what we could have foreseen and hat we could have done is I think legitimate 1 In general it -wQuld_ have been very hard for the USG as a government to foresee the present situation-tn--aiJ --its--complex-ities--bef-ore-the'-crisis_ and to make greater efforts to preserve the status quo on Cyprus in consequence even if our channels of communication had been perfect Most people concerned with the area worried about status quo in the whole -area whose import nce transcended that of Cyprus The status quo on Cyprus however good it looks in retrospect was based on second-class status for the island's Turkish population and had been repeatedly called into question since independence -- not least by Makarios himself t e UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 SEeM ' 3 It was clear that the two status qUOS were somehow related but it was not clear how they were related For this reason it could not· be clear that resolute us action to preserve the status qUO on Cyprus was the sine qua non of regional stabilfty even had it been true and even had the success of us action been assured The hesitancy which marked our Cyprus policy before the coup may therefore have been inevitable or at least natural 2 In that general framework our specific policy before the coup was almost bound to be hesitant too Intelligence reports from Athens 'were at best conflicting as you put it' Beyond that as you also note stronger us representations might not have been heard in Athens But even if they had been made 'and heard the long-term consequences for us policy in the area were problematic Ioannides might in fact have backed down and then been ejected in favor of a civilian government But we might also have been left in the c enter of a dispute between an enraged Turkish governm nt and an irritated and more entrenched Greek junta coming off a sU9cessful coup on Cyprus with very important US NATO facilities in both Greece and Turkey in j·eopardy With the best of information we would have confronted a range of difficult choices 3 This was also true after the coup which clearly made Turkish intervention likely and some kind of US action necessary There was no real doubt that after over a decade of acquiescence the Turks ·were determined this time to set right what they considered fundamentally wrong and necessarily unstable situation on Cyprus and-that they 'would not be-lienj ed agaj n It eemed y er t__ li ke ly_t haLTu k sh intervention would provoke the Greek-Turkish war everyone wished to avoid But the question of how best to avoid it·was once again comp ex Your advice judging from your Memorandum would have been to remove the basis for Turkish ntervention and therefore of Greek-Turkish wa by' pressure on the Greeks to remove Sampson and the Greek officers responsible for the coup Had such pressure been applied and been successful the TU4ks might have backed down in the upshot the humiliated Greek junta might have been replaced Unhappily this was not the only possible BGR 'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 4 or even only likely prospect As you note success could not have been assured even with better intelligence And another result might have been Sampson in the Greek-Cypriot saddle an infuriated Greek junta at war with Turkey which had' landed on Cyprus the US in the middle and the whole infra-structure of the Western security position in the E9-stern Med'iterranean at risk Or alternatively since Sampson appeared from the outset a very dubious horse with little staying power especially after Makarios' escape became known it was arguable whether any push was needed At least I think it is hard to argue that the range of ambiguous choices shrank with the coup In this situation we chose to struggle for breathing space We sought to encourage the UK to bring the other two Guarantor Powers into negotiation to discourage the Turks and reprove the Greeks without condemning either publicly in ways which could only harden both their positions and to warn them both off war This policy was not totally successful in large part because the Turks apparently made a definite decision to intervene and placed their demands in London at a high enough level to ensure rejection 'But war was avoided negotiations began and in the upshot civilian government was restored in Greece We were not entirely responsible for either the successes or the failures whatever the Greeks may now insist But this outcome with all its faults avoided the worst preser ved some us capacity to mediate between two valuable Allies and thereby at least opened onto a future consonant with broad US policy interests 4 Sirice the' TurKish -i'i'lte'rvention I se'e- -us 'as engaged in essentially the' course you recommend encouraging the parties toward a solution acceptable to them in the awareness that Turkey with its strengthened position will need to make the most concessions and that some form of tradeoff between military withdrawal and fe9- rati9n 'will prob ably underlie any agre ent Thus there appears to be no basic disagreement on current policy There is none concerning the perils of the present situation for US and Western interests in the critical area At the same time UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 SE8Mr 5 I recognize we may have different 'views on timing and what the US can and should do It is apparent that the road ahead will be long and involved and the outcome uncertain But that is the real problem we cannot assure a given ou come by maximizing pressure on Turkey or on anyone Bo h he Greeks and the Turks are aware that we do not necessarily espouse all their objectives as a matter of policy All we favor as a matter of policy is a solution that they the communities on Cyprus and the international community can live with Only time and much more effort will tell whether one can be achieved Still while there are few grounds for optimism there are as yet no grounds for despair p-n Concur EUR - Mr Stabler cc The Secretary The Executive Secretary siP - Mr Lord EUR - Mr Hartman S P-OFP - Mr Smith hJv - Drafted by S p TWSimons Jr anc x286l3 SBeRB'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980137 Date 09 12 2017 co 641543 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Memorandum To Tony Lake sip - Director Policy Planning Staff -------------------------------- 86 From LI DISSENT CHANNEL Subject DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Two Proposals 1 that the decision to abolish the Sector Analysis Division in A I D 's Latin American Bureau be reversed 2 that the analytical function throughout tlie agency and the proVision of analytical services to selected LDCs be strengthened and expanded through the establishment of Sector An lysis Divisions in the other Regional Bureaus This me or n um nr sents a Dissent Channel viewp int of _ __ _ I The drafter does not Wl sh to restrl ct dlS rl u lon 0 this' message I 86 I The Immediate Issue Should the Sector Analysis Division of A I D 's Latin American Bureau be abolished A Intr uctory Remark I have been informed that the division is to be abolished at the end of the current fiscal ear Although I cbie e division frOm _ my views conceJ UIlg me a VlOSlll' s 'Iunct ons te transerability of these 'functions and the desirability of the division's dissolution have not been requested If arguments for abolishing the division have been made I am unaware of them and cannot address them directly in the pages that follow I therefore propose I be given the opportunity to respond to such arguments if 'and w en they are made S 1 B The Shift in F reign Assistance Friori ties and the Development of the Sector Analysis Divisi The estab11shment and development of the Sector Analysis Division has coincided with a change in A I 's primary concern from that of helping' close balance of payment and national budget gaps to helping satisfy the basic human needs of the poor majorities in the LDCs in accordance with the various Congressio al mandates The need for poli9y-oriented sector analysis has achi ved increasing recognition as a result of various developments 1 greater appreCiation for tpe complexity of development problems including increased awareness of 'the variations in relations among social phenomena from country to country and from region to region 2 fuller recognition • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 86 C06415436 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -2of the fact that development goals are multiple and that these goals include increased employment income redistributi'on increases in food production reductions in population growth rates reduction in rural-to-urban migration etc and fuller recognition of he fact that achievement of these goals does not necessarily accompany success in attaining overall growth 3 the gradual realization that some of these goals are predominantly IIsectoral ll others predominantly lIintersectoral j and a greater appreciation of the need to determine the possible complementarities and the inescapable trade-offs among these sectoral and intersectoral goals in specific country situations C Views that Arose Concerni the Main Purpose of the Sector Analysis Division fferent Officials outside of the division have had different views concerning what the div sion's main purpose should be These differences have concerned the scope content and duration of and the host-country involvement in the analyses carried out by the division Three general positions can be identified Some officials felt that the divisions original mandate was too broad They believed the division should concentrate exclusively on rapid ex inations of sectors in order to improve A I D sector loans Since this is the most limited of the three purposes we will call it Purpose C Others favored the broader purpase of a detailed and comprehensive sector analysis aimed at determining optimum policy and resource allocation for achieving major goals Purpose B And others favored the still broader purpose of carrying out such a sector analysis jointly with the LDC and thus internalizing an analytical process that would be subsequently carried out unilaterally Purpose A I have always favored making Purpose A the main purpose of the division recognizing that in certain circumstances and during 'certain periods it is not an attainable goal and that we must settle for the second objective instead Achieving Purpose B provides the USG with increased understanding of a sector's main problems and how different sector policies will affect the main sectoral and intersectora1 objectives Moreover successful execution of a unilate'rally carried out sector analysis will facilitate the subsequent internalization of the analytical process In other words prior achievement of Purpose B increases the p'robabi1i ty that Purpose 'A will be subsequently achieved For example the division's first detailed and comprehensive agricultural sector analysis the Colombia Agricultural Sector Analysis-I ipvolved among other things the constrUc- - ---- _ -' - -- -- ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 C06415436 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -3tion of a rather large Leontiev input-output matrix The GOC was not at that time organized to cooperate in such an endeavor It provided the division with the data it needed includfung cost of production farm studies and both the data processing and the analytical interpretation were carried out in Washington However the methodological statistical and analytical working documents prepared under the project were all translated into Spanish so that the employed methodology and the policy findings could be shared with the GOC Thus the Colombian Agricultural Sector Analysis-I paved the way for the Colombian Agricultural Sector Analysis-II -- a more ambitious endeavor carried out in Bogota with limited assistance from A I D There have been some similarities and some differences in the patterns of cooperation and exchange· in a small farm analysis in Guatemala a health sector analysis in Colombia predominantly Colombian with decreasing A I D inputs an analysis of primary education in Ecuador often incorrectly referred to as a sector· nalysis a regional agriculture and nutrition analysis in Bolivia and an agricultural sector analysis in the Dominican Republic During my tenure as Chief of the division we also initiated the EI Salvador Education Sector A G j i C h I continued to direct during my year at The Institution and am now helping complete in my new P9st Since this analysis is a clear example of Purpose A s a describe it briefly later 86 86 Obviously scope duration and host-country participation are factors that tend to be positively correlated Greater analytical scope to obtain fuller understanding of the involved p enomena and the interrelation of the selected goals requires more time and generally speaking greater host-country involvement Generally speaking LDC involvement has b een favored by the field and openly opposed by A I D W loan officials who are primarily concerned with moving the money Loan officials and recent Bureau leadership have wanted the Diy ision to focus exclusively on Purpose C on the lIimprovement of sele·cted A LD loans From this standpoint internalization of the analytical process in order to improve future LDC policy and resource allocation should not have been a purpose of the Sector Analysis Division Since Seclor Assessments were conceived and developed as the standard A I D instrument for accomplishing Purpose C the loan officer viewpoint was that the Sector Analysis Division should dedicate itself ex lusively to carr ying out sector assessments The characteristics which distinguish sector assessments from sector analyses have their origins UNCLASSIFIED U S Dep rtment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 co 641543 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -4in the time constraint which is placed on assessments Since assessments are invariably carried out as part of the programming cycle in preparation for an A I D loan they must necessarily be more limited in scope rely primarily i not exclusively on data that is already available no special surveys and avoid host-country involvement since such invo ement is likely to delay preparation of a document which is being treated as an internal condition precedent for a loan The technical divisions Agriculture Education and Health in the L· A regional bUreau have been carrying out and or directing sector assessments in cooperation with the missions Had the Sector Analysis Divisions dedicated itself to this task besides neglecting Purposes A and B it would have been duplicating efforts of the technical divisions The failure to pursue Purpo'ses A and B would have been a serious omission Studies which involve a quick general review of the sector but are primarily concerned with the use of loan funds though of value are much less useful than detailed and cDmprehensive analyses of sectors and the relations of these sectors to the larger society Moreover the failure to strengthen the host-country analytical and decision-making capabilities maintains the condition of intellectual dependency on the part of the LDCs Which is A I D ts stated purpose to reduce and finally eliminate · This discussion of the issues involved in past efforts to use the Sector Analysis Dtvision for carrying out sector assessments-- whether or not labeled as such-- is I believe relevant to the immediate issue before us should the sector Analysis Division be abolished The recent decision to abolish the division is in effect a recognition that the division is not needed for accomplishing Purpose C In other words implicit in the decision in question is the recognition that assessments can be carried out by the missi Ons with A I D W technical division support This was precisely the position taken by the Sector Analysis Division during my 4 t years as Chief • However abolishment of the Sector Analysis Division would also constitute a decision not to carry out sector anal either unilaterally Purpose B or bilaterally purpose A This is the decision which I contest and propose be reversed • • · - - - - - - - - - - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _- _ _ _ _ _ _- t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 co 641543 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -5D Organization Bud and Operating Procedures of the Sector Analysis Diyision Sound decisions ooncerning the Sector Analysis Division require a minimum understanding of what it has do e o l As Chief for 41- years and later after a year at L _ when my departure from the division was definite and my replacement had been chosen my attempts to discuss the division's future directions were totally unsuccessful I prepared various memos but these were not answered in oral nor written form Since the division's work represented a fairly radical departure from past A I D operations I will provide a brief description At its maximum staffing level the Sector Analysis Division had five professionals As Chief I supervised the staff periodically reviewed the division's projects and took direct charge of the projects in the education sector Education Data Reports for Colombia Guatemala Panama N icaragua El Salvador Ecuador and Mexico the Ecuador analysis of primary education and the El Salvador Education Sector Analysis A senior economist was in charge of the main agricultural analyses an operation research analyst provided computer and analytical design advice for all projects an agricultural economist assisted in all the analyses of agriculture and directed a project himself a program economist was responsible for analytical projects in health and the five analysts exchanged views on all the division's pro'jects at fairly frequent intervals Since the two basic purposes in establishing the division involved tasks of major proportions-- that of arriving at improved policy and resource allocation and that of internalizing an ongoing analytical process in A I D 's three priority sectors for selected countries-- it was recognized from the start that the five A I D officials were not enough and that additional support of two kinds would be needed 1 a group of professionals to provide statistical support sample survey design and techniques of statistical analysis and computer or data processing services 2 a group of agricultural economists to support the larger workload of analysis in this priority sector Provisional determinations concerning how to most effectively and efficiently carry out unilateral and bilateral sector analyses also had to be made from the start since such determinations had direct bearing on the location and composition of the two supporting groups For example it was recognized that the most effective way to carry out a Purpose A sector analysis would be to have all the analytical UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 1Y2017 86 C06415436 IED u s Department of State - - - - - _ __ _------- - - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -6statistical and computer personnel as well as the computer hardware on the LDC site Since it would not be financially and logistically feasible to have such large amounts of U S professional resources abroad the next-best procedure n terms of effectiveness and the most efficient and economical procedure would be to have all the core professionals involved on two sites the host-country group on one site with' one USG advisor perhaps and a closely knit USG group in Washington This has not precluded the use of university personnel or university contracts We therefore established our two support groups by means of RSSA agreements with U S Government agencies Approximately 20 Bureau of Cenus BUCEN statistical and computer science personnel and eight U S Dept of Agriculture USDA economists have worked in close proximity to the A I D Latin American Bureau Sector Analysis Division The cost of the two RSsAs has been roughly $1 million the main expense items being the salaries of this personnel the very large amounts of data processing in the U S which A I D computer facilities were unable to handle and travel and per diem expenses of the RSSA personnel on TDY in Latin American countries The physical proximity of the three USG groups the diVision BUCEN and USDA was a basic requirement During certain periods the analysts have needed daily and during other periods weekly face-to faee contact with statisticians programmers and other computer science personnel in order to coordinate activities and to determine proper procedures for the collection processing and analysis of data Propinquity and close cooperation between the three groups has been essential to the diyision's success in arriving at policy conclusions which are sound as well as important he effectiveness and efficiency of the two-site procedure can be illustrated by the El Salvador Education Sector Analysis The GOES established a sector analysis group carried out special surveys and provided additional f ds over a four-year period has ent programmers to work with BUCEN personnel in Washington for weeks even months at a time very effective on-the-job training as well as a means for accelerating the project and sent the Director of the Ministry planning office and the Chiefs of the statistical and planning departments under this office to work with roe here on various occasions for 2 and 4-week periods It was agreed that all the data processing possible would be carried out in San Salvador and that the USG would take the overflow-- although the overflow has turned out to be the larger part Part of the internalization process has been to increase Salvadorean hardware and software capabiliti s so that all future data processing can be done there Varlous BUCEN officials have provided technical UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta e Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 co 641543 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -7assistance in San Salvador for 2 3 and 4-week periods I have just returned to A I D W after a two-month period in San Salvador helping· prepare our first six analytical documents The analytical-policy product to be completed by September 30 1977 will consist of 23 documents all written in Spanish and to be translated into English 7 as well Attached is a list of the documents and a reoent memo to my supervisor I which summarizes some of the main conclus1ons_and policy findings of Analytical Working Document No 2 Some of the policy findings of this document constitute radical departures from conventional views concerning education problems in LDCs and are I believe very important for Central American educational development The reader can judge for himself In any case these attachments should contribute to an understanding and appraisal of sector analysis projects E M Main Conclusion Concerning the Immediate Issue I have described the work of the division and the three past positions concerning what should have been the division's main purpose because I think this information bears on the judgement as to whether or not the division should be abolished Since the Agency is stressing the importance qf improving analysis and policy I can conceive of no goo reason for abolishing a division which was awarded a er ificate of Achievement in May 1972 II in recognition of exceptional contributions to the improvement of management in A I D and singled out for recognition in the Superior Unit Award given to its larger office LA DR in October 1975 for IItrai1blazing analytical approaches in the exploration of the problems of development in A LD 's sectors of concentration Careful evaluation of the projects carried out by the divis on and thorough discussion of future directions would be extremely useful of course This would constitute an attempt to profit from the division's experience and to assure preservation of the division's memory including its methodological developments and its policy findings before making organizational and procedural changes Since the reason for abolishing the division has not been discussed with me I am obliged to speculate as to what it may be My explanation is a rather simple one Many A LD W officials are wholly occupied with the large and demanding task of requesting and obligating the yearly appropriation They tend to forget that transferring resources is not an end-in-itse1f but rather one of the means for achieving social and economic goals in-the LDCs They forget that unless LDCs develop policies which are effective and efficient in raising the economic social and· cultural living conditions of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F___2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 86 co 641543 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -8their poor majorities resource transfers under bilateral or multilateral assistance programs will not have their desired effects These officials have come to accept sector assessments pur pose C as legitimate A I D activities because they have been laid down as formal bureaucratic requirements for loans However they do not accept Purposes A and B as legitimate because these do ·not facilitate the only activity they're concerned with the resource transfer process I believe a thorough discussion of Purposes A and B should now be carried out These purposes are closely related to basic issues which A I D and the Department are facing internal reforms in the LDCs increasing the complementarities and reducing the trade-affs among the differe t growth and equity goals making bureaucracies accountable assuring memory learning and improvements in policy In the section that follows I will discuss some of the social economic and political aspects of the broader and'longer-range issue of the role of analysis in A LD and in the LDCs II The Lon er-Rang A The Need for Issue The Role of A llsis Anal sis in Development of Socia±-Phenomena in the LDCs Will the LDCs solve their major social and economic problems wtth the resources they are likely to obtain under a New International Economic Order NIEO or some variant thereof An acceptable reply to such a general question must be equally general The LDCs will solve their major social and economic probleJ£ls if they have sound and apprppriate policies good management and sufficient technical know-how as well as the required amounts of resources If the resources are not prpperly allocated and used the LDC's major social and econom c objectives will not be attained If appropriate policy is one of the necessary conditions of the development that solves major national problems on what does the formulation of such policy depend Policy that is apprppriate to a given national situation depends on an understanding of that si·tuation and this understanding involves the use of both theory and fact In other words this understanding comes about as the result of applying the best available theories and conceptual frameworks for explaining social phenomena to the collection analysis and interpretation of facts As we are finally beginning to admit these facts are different from country to country and from egion to region The old pervasive belief that development is the result of a series of fixed steps that can be specified in a handbook for r _ _ __________ ___________________ _ _ _-t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 CQ6415436 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -9every nation to follow is finally being recognized as a mistaken point of view Policy issues are the most complex issues involved in development Consequently it is not surprising that these are the issues which foreign assistance agencies have handled with greatest ineptness When the preconceived macroeconomic and sectoral policies supported by a foreign assistance agency are appropriate to the LDC in question an effort to impose such policies in the loan negotiation process may arrogant or insensitive to the LDC officials invoiYed When the supported policies are not appropriate there is more than mere appearance or exaggerated ThiTd World touchiness behind the charge of arrogance The plain truth is that the macroeconomic and sectoral policies recommended to LDCs by multilateral and bilateral agencies have usually been based on rather superficial understandings of the problems involved However this deficiency of foreign assistance agencies must be viewed in conjunction with the corresponding deficiency of the LDCs It is important to note that an equal or greater inadequacy of LDC understanding explains why the policies supported by foreign assistance agencies are so seldom openly challenged by the negotiating LDC dfficials Although they may disagree with the foreign agency policy recommendations they seldom have Qth 'r policy with a better rationale behind it to propose as a substitute Host country officials often agree to changes in policy which the foreign assistance agency tries to bring about through loan allocations and loan conditions precedent and which the LDC officials are later successful in circumventing through unilateral budgetary organizational and procedural measures Perhaps it is not surprising that c countries fail to adopt or implement policies which they have not participated in fashioning and Which moreover are not backed up by an emprrically grounded and wellwargued rationale In any case both the LDCs and the foreign assistance agenCies have failed to develop satisfactorytrrOCedures for improving policy This is one of the major de iciencies in the development efforts of the last 30 years Establishment of the Sector Analysis Division can be viewed as a modest first step in an attempt to remove this deficiency in the Latin American ragmen The successful completion of a Purpose A sector analysis is meant to provide the host country with policy products of immediate utility and to establish an ongoing unilateral process of analysis that will lead to continuous improvements in policy This approach to the improvement of policy attempts to take into account some important characteristics of the Third UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641543 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -10World I haye already referred to features which are more technical in noure t e the increasing appreciation for the complexity of social and economic problems along with the growing recognition that these problems ar e multiple and cannot be satisfactorialy dealt with singly or in isolation In sum the establisrunent of an ongoing analytical process in the LDC is an attempt to help it deal with the complementarities and trade-offs of interrelated problems There are also important political reasons for giving analysis a much greater role in development efforts In negotiating with the developing world foreign assistance agencies have always found themselves in a dilemma On the one hand they must try to avoid being charged with dictation on the other they must do their best to ass re that the funds entrusted to them are ·optimally used for development purposes How to achieve improvement in policies including more effective and more efficient support for the underprivileged majorities without imposing or dictating policy is an old problem that has become more acute Purpose·A sector analyses constitute parts of a larger strategy for ste ring between the Scylla of dictation and the Charybdis of irresponsibly·handing over the roDney By participating in the kind of joint inquiry represented by a Purpose A sector analysis we are both learning about and demonstrating respect for unique national conditions-- a learning we do not achieve and a respect we do not express when we propaee pre-conceived policies By helping LDCs develop capabilities for analyzing their problems we are he ping them eliminate their most seriouB and basic form of dependency their intellectual dependency we are strengthening the propensity for fact-finding that is integral to an open and democratic society and we are participating in the North-South dialogue in a way wh ch may help alter the present patterns of accusation and counter-accusation B The Advantages for the USG in Providing Anallt cal sistance to LDCs and in strengthening the Analytical Function i A I D In his testimony before the Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Foreign Operations concerning the FY 78 foreign assistance request one of the Administration's fundamental foreign policy objectives specified by Secretary of state Cyrus R Vance was To foster a climate of constructive cooperation'l dria' he gue and reciprocal benefit in North-South diplomacy Y In remarks made during his visit to the Department of State President Carter also referred to this 11 Statements of U S officials in this section are taken from the March 3 and 31 1977 issues of IIFront Linesl -- --- --- ---- -- -- -- -- - - '-- - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 co 641543 6 IED U ·S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -11- objective when he stated lOur constant search will be to find commone ground on which we can reach agreement so that we can set an example for the rest of the world in a friendlY and mutually respectful attitude 1I Two other statements of the President indicated that he felt that how this should be done was not yet entirely clear I think W'eneed a substantial change in our foreign aid programs ••• So I think I understand the problem I don't understand the answers yet 1I The President also called for the evolution of an idea or a new approach o a consistent old approach The proposal that the analytical function be consolidated and extended throughout the Agency an'd that analytical services b provided to selected'LDCs is I believe a response to the Presidentts call which merits examination A I D Administrator John J Gilligan has promised to carry out a thorough examination of the Agenoy's organizational structure Clearly determinations ooncerning the future role of analysis in A I D will have implications for organization and staffing Moreover it is one of the contentions of this memo that making analysis one' of A J D 's central functions will contribute not only to the North-South'dialogue but to making A LD more responsible to tEe 'New Directions' policy legislated by the Congress -- another objective stressed by the Adminstrator In carrying out the kind of joint inquiry represented by a Purpose A sector analysis we would first be participating in a North-South dialogue concerning development with the focus on facts and existential relations rather than on preconeeived views and opinions Second we Would be strengthening the LDC's analytical and decision-making capabilities And third we would become better informed as to how the LDC can most efficiently and effectively satisfy the basic needs of its poor majority Since our concern for this majority is a matter of public record th e shouIa be nothing surreptitious about our interest in helping LDCs ca ry out inquiries which determine what policies are needed for eliminating poverty malnutrition ignorance unemployment etc Indeed nations that do not want assistance in conducting such inquiries and that do not have well-argued rationales supporting their strategies might be disqualifying themselves for future assistance In this way self-help would continue to be recognized as a fundamental requirement but it would be given much more substance than it has had in the past Under Buch an approach a new element of USG modesty would be introduced since we would stop pretending we have the answers when we do not Furthermore the case for reform would be strengthened since it would now be based on the outcomes of UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 C06415436 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 -12- inqulrles which provide detailed information concerning production family income employment nutrition migration illness education etc and the relations among them and their main causal factors Indeed the more information we have about such phenomena the more meaningfully we will be able to discuss economic rights and their relations to other human rights Since economic social and political progress in·the LDCs depends finally on LDC policies the issue as to what can be done to help LDCs improve their policies is a fundamental issue I have made two major contentions 1 that continuing analytical processes in the LDCs are a necessary condition for arriving at sound policies 2 that helping establish such processes shpuld be a ¢ajor form of U S assistance If there are alternative foreign assistance approaches for improving LDC policies it would be very useful to consider them and to compare them with the approach I've proposed In any case thorough discussion of the longer-range issue is very badly needed Even if the agency decided to consolidate and extend the analytical function and to provide analytical services to the LDCs it would need to explore various related issues which will here be only mentioned 1 the criteria for deciding which LDCs to approach with the proposal to establish a continuing process of analysis in one or more sectors 2 the necessity of tailoring the scope and objectives of a first analysis in a host-country to its existing capabilities for data collection data processing and analytical interpretation 3 the role Qf analysis in middle-income countries which have had good overall growth performance but are not solving the social and economic problems of their growing poor majorities countries which will be receiving less USG concessional assistance but which are important to the USG for humanitarian and security reasons 4 the possibility of making certain completed sector analyses and continuing processes of analysis models for a region for example the El Salvador Ministry of Education planning office should become a f·s ource of training for the other Central American countries in data collection data processing analysis and the use of data for both planning and day-to-day management 5 a possible relation between agricultural sector analyses and issues of interdependencies including world-wide agricultural resource acco ting 6 the possibility that the multilateral lending agenc es would also provide assistance in polipy-oriented analyses and the coordination of such assistance with A I D UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06415436 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641693 O IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416930 Date 10 11 2017 _ CONFIDENTIAL' -- ' ' pAGE 61 Departrnent Of State GENEYA 94316 8116161 otHI EHJl ISO-DB S50-89 18BI N -··--······-·------8116211 B1U39 IH o I mil IUN 11 fll USMISS I 0« GENEVA TO SECSTAI WASHOC filACT IIdlitOIATE 1814 C 0 H flO E N T I A L GEHfYA 4316 DISSENT CKANNEl £ 0 1m2 CDS TAGS ILO fOLLOWINC DISSENT LI SSAGE ORATH O BY _ __ U S OELEG411011 10 ILO ------ INGUMINu TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 CUSSION HE ALSO SAID TO lOUaERA THAI us POSITiOn IS THAT WE WI5K 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EETI IG wiTH HIM FOR UORUIJIC OF MAY 38 TO LISTEN TO HIS PROPOS Ilion 2 LOI lllERA HAD OBVIOUSlY eH PEDDLING PROPOSITION ElSElI1 ERE SI liCE ACO IHLIAII GOYT REP TO GB HAD HEARD IT EARUER oc BLArICH RD IIENTIO EO If TO HO OWI TZ UIER GB SESS I on ON UI Y 11 HOROWITZ RESPONDED B f ASK HfG FOR IHFO on HIsrOR¥ OF O P ECIOR WIEP Al EL£ttlOIl PR OSALI FIRST SECRflARY OF rURi lSH MISSIO I 1Er TlOIIEO If PAWER ifHRNOOH or AY 21 AND us II'ORX R AO ISOR BOGeS i' l O HAD HEARD Of THIS PRopom ALREADY r OM Sf AHTl' SOURCe Tala IlH BER USDEt lI Y 21 TKAT CC HAHC OF SUCH PACKAGE WOULO BE CONTRARY TO HIS I CSTRUCTlOIIS iSOGGS HAO EARLIER ASKED PALI lER HER R£ACIION TO PRO OSAl AND HAD 8E£H TOLD IT liAS COrrTRARY 0 HER INSTRUCTions II'rllCH 'fRE 'NO UlS· J ra l HOROlnTl QUERIED us EltpLOTER ISfJlTHI A O WORKER IBRO'rr l1 REPS AeOUT LOMaERA PROPOSlflOrt BOTK INOICATED WILLlICGI ESS 10 cor SloER IT I AT US EL SUFf t r ETIIIG un 20 HORO' 1Tl REPO'TEO LGIASERA APPROACH IO SPECULATEO THH -GEIIIlWElI'S ACREE WoENT- MIGHI 3r jliORKEO OUT ICH ' lUlO AlLO'll us TO Will 011 UTIClE 11 lLE GOING HOIlG Or OG ELECTlor ISSUE PALI R QUrsTION£D HHER SUCH A m ErrT 'JULD BE POSSIBLE IN VIEW Of U S POSlffOfl lIH WE WANT NO DEALS O ARTICLE 11 TO 1ilCH HOROW T REHIEO THAT THERE fl UlO 8E NO fORMAL UlIXAGE OF THESE TII1l ITEMS 86 • S _ AT IlAY J9 STAFF IIHIING KOROWIIZ REPOHED HIS IIEtTING EARLIER TNU 1I0' INC HH LO l3ERA I J 1' ICH LO ERA SAID THE DC HECTIO ITEN COULD BE DISCUSSED IN CONFERErler COll ITiEE 011 ST IlCTURE HOFONI Tl rOllmO CUT TO LO H TH4T ARTICLE 1 ISSUE SHOULD 8 REFE UO BY St l CTIONS COY UTI£E TO STA iDlnG OROnS J O CMlfiEE SWCE STR CrUp E CO IITlEE HAD NEHR SHOWlI wrnEST OF HI_EN HTiCl1 ON IT AlI IHAT IT WAS riOT A STRU TURE ISSUE lATER 11 015- CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department C f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416930 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431080 Date 11 13 2017 --- --- I LIMITED OFFICIAL· SE D partment Of State SlATE PAGE 31 ORIGIN INFO 66 OCi- 1 S-01 314154 TOSEC 340164 SO- 0 OUTGOING' A 6EIN TELEGRA 9841 004 R 1J DRAFTED BY S P TPTHORNTON APPROVED BY A A wHLUERS S S-PSE8ASTIAN s HOLLUMS o ------------------311755Z 044204 41 DeC 76 ZFF4 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO USOEL SECRETARY IMMEDIATE 311742Z LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 314154 TOSEC 340164 DISSENT CHANNEL FOL OWING REPEAT MEXICO 16290 ACTION SECSTATE 30 OEC 76 QUOTE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE MEXICd 16290 DISSENT CHANNEL e _ad FOR 4 t 'II DEPARTMENT SPO ESMAN FROM USIS OFFICER EO 11652 NA TAGS CASC PFOR MX SUBJECT PRESS STATEMENT ON MOTOR TRAVEL IN SrNAL A REF MEXICO J 176 AND STATE 313324 STRONGLY URGE DEPARTMENT ISSUE WITHOUT FURTHER OE LAY TRAVEL ALERT TO AMERICAN CITIZENS RE AZARDS OF TRAVEL IN SINALOA MEXICQ IF DEPARiMENT DECIDES THERE ARE OVERRIDING POLICY REASONS TO NOT MAKE A PUBLIC ANNOUNCEMENT AT THIS TIME STRONGLY URGE OTHER MEASURES BE TAKEN SUCH AS ASKING U S CUSTOM OFFICIALS AT NOGALES BORDER TO GIVE WRITTEN NOTICE TO ALL AMERICANS TRAVELING INTO MEXICO N ROUTE l5 BELIEVE FU THER DELAY IN MAKING ANNOUNCEMENT WOULD BORDER ON CRIMINAL NEGLIGENCE IF ADOITIONAL AMERICANS ARE MOLESTED AND DEPARTMENT HAS NOT ISSUED WARNING THERE IS BOUND TO BE A CONGRESSIONAL INVESTIGATION ON THE REASONS rOR THE DELAY JOVA UNQUOTE ROBINSON 86 - - - ' -- I J J J J J J J LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431080 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of St te'Case 'No 'F-2 016-6ii43' pm 1J ' TArE ITHBIIOJ 39 3' ORI Doc No C06431625 'Oa't'9 11i13 2017 STATE DlJSlJ03 BENEF ITS TO DUTIIE IGH THE COSTS I tIFO ocr-OJ DRAFTED BY ISO-gO ES-llt IOO RELEASE IN PART 86 R LA'ltRSD PHllllPS S P CFMRAR JII EAG AP F OVEO BY SIP At AKE ARAIRPP TeOl lE S P OpEIl tORUli OKI IItIEY ItAlLA ECOY Sill DGOOD 6 liE DO AGREE TIIAT THERE COULD BE A DAIIGER OF THE SUBSIDY'S mOltlllG TOO lARGE AIID COIITINUIHG O ER TOO llltlG A PER 100 11£ HllWD TO GIVE THESE AIIO OTHER SEllS IT I VE ASPECTS OF TH IS PRO RAlt CAREFUL ATTENT I011 AS liE PROCEED VITH ITS IIll'UNErlTATI 011 1 THAIIK YOII FOR SHARIIIG YOUR IDEAS IIlTH US THROUGH THE DISSElIT CHAllIIEl CHRISTOPHER HA tsCHU IDER ---- ------ ·· ---125184 120135Z 114 I' R LU323Z JAil 18 FI1 SicsTATE UilSHDC TO tJlUIBASSY LA PAZ 1I nllED OFF ICfAl USE STATE 008119J AIDAC DISSENT CHAIIIIEL· rORL I_ _ _ _FRON SIP lAKE E O 1H 2 IliA TAGS SUBJ CT AIFLO PROPOSAL FOR REF SG IlSSISTAKCE TO aIm lA PIl Z 8776 1 VE HAVE STUDIED YOUR H SSAG£ BJECTlIIG TO THE GRAIIT OF US GOVt RIIMENT rut DS TO O I T Ii l THE GROUtlOS THAT T HAY DIlHAIE THE IMAGE OF ihAT OP'G 1I1 lAT I011 SO lUCH AS TO OUTUE I GH THE BENEFITS or AN EXPAKDEO PROGRAM 2 tHE COllCERllS YOU eXPRESS IIERE CONSIDEREll erFORE A DfCltlOH liAS II DE AFtER OISCUSSIOli AT THE TUUIS LASOR ATTACHE COIfFERtIlC£ WERE 10U IlERE PRESEllr A D HADE ESSEI · T ALLY THE SANE I'OHITS THE AID HISSIOIIS IIERE ASKED fOR eOl1HEIITS BY STATE CABlE H3D04 OF THE TIiEUTY RESPOIIDE S FOURTEE·t SUPPORTE THE PROPOS t ABOUT H LF IIITH SOliE KHID OF RESERVATI Oil AII S I X IIEH NEUTRAl om Of THE LATTER RE OHNEIIDED AGAJIIST ACTIVITIES III THAT P RTlCULAR COUIITRY ONt V THE til S310flS Ifl AR EIIT IUA MD BCll11 A EXPRE SED conCERH Aeout OR IT AetEPlI ilG USG SUPPORT 3 PRESUtlABL Y THE LABOR ORG lmATI OilS rHEHSELVES IIOULD BE PARTICU ARL SEIISIT1VE TO TH KlllO OF DAMAGE YOU IIARII OF liE UHDERSTAtlD THAT THE OR IT EXHUT IV BOARD COliS I DERED THE QUESHQII A fORt1J l TilEY ME IIATTER NOT SEE - BEFORE AUTHORIZlflG iHE SECRETARY GEIIERAL TO lAKE REQUEST FOR ASSISTAIICr AIFLD HAS ASSURED US THAT IIORKIlIG VERY CLOSElY IIIlH THE An-CIO all UIE THUS THOSE IIOST CLOSELY AllD 0 IRECTl Y IIlVOl VED 00 TO FEAR tHE CONSEQUENCES OF USG ASSISTPJICE 4 flNALl V lIE 8ElIEVE IT IS II1PDRTANT TO TAKE IHTO COlI· SIOERATIOIl THE EH HASIS 011 UIIAII RIGHTS WeLUOIJlG TRADE UIIIOII RIGHTS THAT tHARACTrRIZES USG ACTI VITY III LATIN AIIERiCA DEIiOCRATIC lABOR REPRESEIITATIVES IN THE AREA ARE WELL AIIARE Of OUR ATT I TilDES AnD ARE II SYMPtllHY 11TH TNf HUIIM RIGHTS ASPECTS OF US LABOR POLICY THEilE IS A IlEII 11000 or TftUST AIID tour IOEIlCE AIID WE 1 ItIX us ASSISTAllCE TO GRIT AII USfFUllY CO TRIBUJE TO HAT THE US IS OOl lG III THE UIIOR FInD IF IE EXPECT All AUTOHATIC UUFAVORABLE REACTI II liE RE 1I0T DOtllG JUSTICE TO THE BEIlEFICIJU IHl'ACT OUR POLICIES AND OUR ASSISTAIICE CAN HAVE 5 IIH Il THERE MAY BE DAMAGE TO 'HE OR I TillAGE I II SOliE REGIONS PERHAPS F R EXAI1PLE ' SOllVlA THE CLEAR HAJORITY OF LASClg ExPERT ISf FAVORS Tl £ PROGRAtI MiD tYECTS THE ------- ------------------------------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431625 Date 11 13 2017 - ' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 I ' D PARTMENT OF STt' J E WA$hln lon D C RELEASE IN PART 86 20 20 October 19 197 UNCLASSIFIED MEMORANDUM I TO FA FOI - FROM SIP - Anthony SUBJECT Your Dissent Channel Message on the Classification R view Staff 86 La This 'lill acknowledge receipt of your dissent channel message ent ftled Placement of 'the Classification Review Staff II I have designated Cameron Hurne of the Po icy Planning Staff as coordinator in charge of a substantive response Your memo has been distrib uted to the f6llo ling the Office of the Secretary the Deputy Secretary the Under Secretary for Political Affairs ' the Deputy Under secretary for Management the Executive secretary of the Department the Chairman of the Secretary's open Forum the Assistant Secretary for P ublic Affairs and the Assistant Secret ry for Administration I commend your use of the dissent channel and assure you that we 'li1l respond to the questions you have raised as soon as possible _ ' UNCLASSIFIED - --- _------------_ _---_ _-------------- ---- --- -- -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 -- • - ''''''' - --''-'''' ''' --- ' '0 '-'-' - 2 - Because of the time needed to implemen M's decision once it was made ' PA has been anxious to obtain the decision and has engaged in high level discussions with M· I understand that M has now concluded that the entire function which implies the existing For and EO mandatory review functio s also should be placed in A What would happen to the CCP which has oversight and appeals functions for the Freedom of Information Act FOIA 'and the EO is not clear but logically it would follow the rest'of the function to A Arguments 1 A's basic contention is that a the declassification function and related functions are primarily a record keeping matter and as such properly belong in Ai Cb the function can be more efficiently handled in· A 2 PAIs position is that a the declassification function and the related FOI function are primarily a public relations matter The object of the EO and the FOIA implementation is not to produce a perfect records system but to show the public that the Department has a real concern for openness b Congress encouraged the placing of the FOI function in the'pubiic affairs area of the Department c The C P after'an extremely thorough airing of all points of view recommended placing the function in PA d the Inspectors' report supported placing the basic function in PA subject to the record keeping being handled by A e PA ha$ released 90% of the material requested under'EO 11652 and the FOIA a record of meeting the standard of openness which could hardly be improved on Cf PA has been extremely successful in holding lawsuits to a minimum and has yet to lose a suit g Ther is no reason to believe that placing the function in A would increase its administrative efficiency While delays occur in both bureaus the delays in handling Privacy'Act cases which are handled by A at present far exceed those in handling FOI cases UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 • I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 • • • ___ _ - _ _ t' •• • - - _ • -- - •• -- oc a _ _ _ _• _ 01 4 ' - 2 - Because of the time needed to implement MiS decision once it was made PA has been anxious to obtain the decision and has engaged in high level discussions with M I understand that'M has now concluded that the entire function which implies the existing FOI and EO mandatory review functioI s also should be placed in A What would happen to the CCP which has oversight and appeals functions for the Freedom of Information Act FOIA 'and the EO is not clear but logically it would follow the rest of the function to A Arguments 1 A's basic contention is that a the declassification function and related functions are primarily a record keeping matter and as such properly belong in A b the function can be more e ficiently handled in A 2 PA's position is that a the declassification function and the related For function are primarily a public relations matter The object of the EO and the ForA implementation is not to produce a perfect records system but to show the public that the Department has a real concer for openness b Congress encour-aged the placing of the For· function in the public affairs area of the Department c Th C P after an extremely thorough airing of all points of view recommended placing the function in PA d the Inspectors' report supported placing the ba-sic function in A subject to the record keeping being handled by A e PA ha$ released 90% of the material requested under' EO 11652 and the FOIA a record of meeting the standard of openness which'could hardly be improved on f PA has been extremely suc cessful in holding lawsuits to a minimum and has yet to lose a sui g Ther -is no reason to believe that placing the function in A would increase its adminis rative efficiency While delays occur in both bureaus the delays in handling Privacy· Act cases which are handled by A at present far exceed those in handling FOI cases UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 _-- _----------------------- ------- - 3 - in PA although there were 3500 FOI requests in 197 7 compared with 1100 Privacy Act requests Both bureaus are equally hampered by delays in the reviewing process because of shortage of reviewing time in the substantive bureaus In addition searching for records in FADRC has slowed to the point of a 30-day delay for even routine requests The A bureau attributes these problems to lack of resources a difficulty which would be unaffected by the proposed organizational change h here have been problems in running PAiS computer system and consequently in record keeping and PA has no objection to this function being assumed by A -- on the contrary when the PA FOI computer system was first proposed PA suggested that A should assume responsibility for a system which would be melded with its existing system A refused to accept the job not surprislngly perhaps in view of the fact that they originally did have the FOI function but wished to get rid of it and initiated its transfer to PA in 1973 Since 1975 however A has made several att mpts to recover the FOI EO function what caused this change of heart is not clear i PA's front office has taken the lead through its chairmanship of the CCP in every aspect of implementing the new Executive order and has amassed several years experience in dealing with the EO and FOIA This experience would be lost if the function were cut off from PA The foregoi g is a brief summary of the many words which have beeri written on this subject in the last six months 'To sum up 1 I find it remarkable that in the face of every recommendation to the contrary except that of one interested party -- the Congress the CCP the IG -M has reached the decision to turn the function over to the A bureau 2 Philosophically it is contrary to the whole basis of the EO the FOIA and the President's policy on open- ness to remove this function from an area which deals with the public every day whose door is always open to an inward-looking restricted area of the Department whose primary duty as they have made clear in their own submissions is to the integrity of their own records It will have'a particularly chilling effect on PA FOI's excellent relations with newspapermen It is a first step in dismantling the unified public relations program which the Department and the PA bureau have built with great c are and gratifying success UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 I - 4 3 To be consistent what basis would remain for leaving the Historical Office whose primary duty is the declassification and pUblication of key documents in the PA bureau HO deals with a very limited and specialized public works primarily on records and' will be ultimately responsibl for declassification guidelines There is no logical reason why this function should not follow the other declassification functions to A I do not advocate this but it seems to me inescapable 4 Procedurally the method chosen by A to sidetrack the recommendation of the CCP the failure to give PA a copy of the nspectorsl report and the long delays in reaching a 'decision which have resulted in a pile up of essential items which must be approved ahd completed by December 1 1978 leave an unfortunate impression ' his impression is reinforced by the response of A to PA M which was pursuing the question of space for PA FOI -- space which PA has been'attempting to obtain for many mqnths Mr Dupre on september 20 dismissed the question of FOI space wi h the comment' that this was no time to be worrying about FOI space since the new dispensation for the declassification work would render PAis concern ' academic If this remark is correctly reported I c'an interpret it in no other way than tnat Mr Quprd was already privy to Mis decision which PA was'not ' I will be happy to sUPfly you require it further ocumentation if UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446214 Date 12 11 2017 I 'I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473690 Date 01 11 2018 iRELEASE IN FULLn Deparl1i e11t Of Slale r r' ' i r i·1t 'j ' ' n yn I l l ' j I 'J ' ' I ' M S A4 c 1 A ji'l M 2 1 t' R 11 A At NSA E 0r OfF1C1A usE EB 11 PER h5 I I lHC t l'l RSC 01 __ 'ro AM NUAS3y ol • OC 6 lOu14 127 CC 0 YI 9 G 1 I I O S CSTATE 1'1 $II C 0304 r n 11 5 'fM S tiUi u 11 11 f AHir Af 1 A SIArE t3 0 6 SHH 1 7 U TH OF n • 974 _ _ J12 h Z Jt II 71 FM LS IU ''' R qNQQM f I • LIMITED L 03 I ED USD R LATI0 5H f BANGKOK C 679 STATE 142287 8 NGKDK 9 11 • t Nf I lSy f ld Y 51' I Rt S l'lA$fiXt4G1'I1N VXE IS THAT RE GIONI L i C iNlil-llC AC7IVITlfS SHUULD NUT He 11 · i D 'CTIVlTi 7 11 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TEXT t 4 U ri WIT lHt UNCuRrlENCE U Hr ftbrA Sr4T HA OETERM NEu TO IhTfGKATE CtRTA1N RtO f N TlnNS NIT H I ol·'n tll J U Hu jP c R eo Tl ON S UN DI R T 11£ HH C 10K UF lJ o · Nu nYF ALl Olq CJTU OF THf AM ASSAOORv Rtr i lJ E n THI · 'F 'nR4oIt I1 Y OF '11 l H1NIN ' p ni RI ·r·i K D A VY T1N i Hti lO 'II'I rt L t JtJT H Ut · ' r PA o 'AT l n F Tn n i ' i r'Jl1 r C 11 11 woITti PF l Gf fal1 Ur NO l' ' Wl rJ iIN PH C Nf t AI GtJil 1i L HIr S OOWli tiY 'dl c '- ANn SlA1F fH CLLOWING EPR 5 T ThE G NtNAL·U DtHtiTANUI GS P cAC ir O o1'lONG ' r Ii iJ·'W 1 Alo n ThE FMI3A S CU · CEK llNi i Ht1li Kt 1 NI 0 1 I l L F U 'l Tl Or'l UNU Eri TH LS N AkR ANGF nEN Y t ' 'r H t UTK C t· rl tl to HE L d L L Bt iUPt iY T JtP fli' iHt OIKECTl iP Or NST UCi UN AS AY F q rIME fo H P0 I S J fj l t I N 0 CI Th ' GE NIU 1 L lJS JM TI1A LA tJ ACt iNC UNlltfl SUeti TO lIME At ROVIO O HY fHt NE 10NAL LIMITED 0FFIC hL •• - ' M 0 3 1 C S2 - '- _ us - - ------ - - -_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473690 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473690 Date 01 11 2018 n '1 Ii Departl1'J e'l'1 t 0'1 State I ' t· d I I IMITtD PAr g 3 ANG O 1952 OFFICIAb us 231347Z AS I$TANT ADMJN1STRATOR FOR AIP W FON TH ADNINISTRATluN Of lH R€r lONA ' QOG AM ANO FO lHE q£PA ATION OF PROGR M AND P O ECT PRnpOS4L5 HIS OPERATIONAL HESPONSldIL TI S WLLL INCLUOE ALL N£r OTl TI OMS 1 IO HANOLI l G or OE T A LS iF yt G 1-I M1 HJPL cMgNTA nON W 7H tHE gIRE TOQS AND ST FFS OF ASIAN EbrUNAL ONGAN'ZATIU l' FOR THOSI ' n- r lONA PROGRAM ACTIV1THS IN THAILANO HE IIH L OdYAIN lH cn UHME CE OF THE OIPEcrnR o USOM rHAILANO FOR YHnSe R O CTIVITIES l THE nTHE S VtN SOUT tAst 45IAN NATIONS 'H nJR CfOR OF USCM NAY SU MIT COMH NTS 5 Ht EfLS TMES ARe APPROPRIATE FUR JOINT CON IU R4TJON WITH Eu KECOMMtNualION So GENEk4L P 0GHAM GUIDELINES 1 INCLunlNG ANNUAL SUBhI S'ONS TO WA hlh TO t A Y NtW ND MAJW liVI i UR CH a IN P G M r Il lfCTI' N r WiLL Be APPROVED BY 1'HE Ufiltt1 D1Rt crot H fH€ t i 1t nJ lAI iKr t'tNl S Iit Hlf t N THE D1RtCTOt 01 R n AI U TMe llSn f1 IJIRt I T0R WH CH C NNnr Df tSOLV D TME RtP DIRt TO wILL SUHMIT HIS TtiE USOl·1 utl cc rOR wlLL tJi r i REr OfJ l H 'AT f'f'lS -rll i A$HJNGTOtJ t Nr r OMHENi THEPr OI'l ' A THE riEU DtKECTUR WILL 8E THE ALLOTT E FOk REU fUNDS ANV I L HAUE THE AUrH qITy TO SIGN OBLI6jTIN nOCUMENrS TRAVEL AVTH R ZATT HS CABLE ETC a wITHIN THE LIMITS ET y AJO W fio REO HILL OVE ITS OFfICE ABOUT MtO hU U T TU THE USUM RU LT l I Nt ALL THOSf PE RS ONNJ WHO Rt P ORr t xCLUS 1V I Y UR I-'I-l It1 R Il Y TO HEU ILL Rc HOUSED CONTIGUUUSLY 6 0 FJNAN AL MANAGEMENT FOR ROTH NED AN USUH Wltb 8 OUbEU T lv t iVf ILL cFr'nT iiJ riC i J5vri jFfc i TOrt THF THAVEL FIIN lroNs CL£A ING SEMVIC S' O OTHtR ADMINlSTRATLVf U CT ONS WILL 6 INTtGRATEDo RtD wILL H W VtR MAINTAIN IrS nw CENTRAL Fll ' 7 g THf OIkECTU nF USOM THAILANO SHA L PRtPAR THE ANNUAL PtH FOR THE OlR CTOR OF RtO Ao ALL ACrtV Tl nF RED AND USQM WILL O COuRSE cnNTINUE URJECT TU fHL aV RALL DI ECTION ANO 5UPE VJS'ON OF THE AMBASSA Ok F III n H X J K I JTNr R 0 • LIMLTtO OFFICIA uSc '--_ - - - - - - - --- - --_0_- ________ ____ 0___ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473690 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474166 Date 01 11 2018 ta f- x z - a V' DEPARTMENT OF STATE MemoranJ m of Conversai' on IRELEASE IN FULLI DATE SUBJECT October 2 1974 Gabonese Efforts to Acquire DC-8 63CF Mr Morris Licht Office of Export Bureau of East-West Trade Departmen t of· Conuner e PARTICIPANTS Adrni istration B Keith Huffman L AF AF C - Mr Cutler COPIES TO MIS - Mr Cole After unsuccessful calls to each other I' reached Hr Licht at approximately 4 P N nd indicated that ' hil e the Department had decided not to object to the sale of the DG-8 6 CF with conditions there had been strong disagreements ·lith this course of action within the Department that these disagreements were recorded in a dissent memorandum to th Secretary of State and that he or any other Commerce representative ould be welcome to co e to the Depar ment and review this memorandum - Licht indicated that he had been aware that the Department was not all of one loire on the sale but that a dissent memorandum would only be of historical interest to Commerce since it acted upon decisions of the Department of state In this 9as he said the license was about to be issued with all the restrictions requested by the Department He requested that I forward to him a copy of the dissent paper for his records ith any restrictions we might wish to place on ts dissemination I said I thought this would be possible in lighf of his specific request IItr At approximately 5 1'S P lv1 Mr Licht called me back to say he had just been informed that the license had been i sued and picked up He also said that upon instructions of a I'il Wolinsky of Commerce he was withdrawing his request for a copy of the dissent memorandum at least for the time being He could offer no explanation for this last statement L AF BKHuffman mmp - L ----_ - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474166 Date 01 11 2018 - CO 641545 9 IED 1 U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 2017 ATTACE1 ENT j RELEASE IN FULL THE EL SALVADOR EDUCATION SECTOR AN UYSIS 23 ANA LYTICAL 't ORKHlG J OCU E TS Ah1fJs EFFICIENCY 1 Basic Education a Identification an Quantification of Problems N·m til Indicators of Access to Education 1950-1971 comDleted At·m 112 Dropout P epetition and National Achievement Exam esults completed and under revision AHD f3 The costs of Basic Education completed and under revision AI-ffi 114 Cur'rent Access to Basic Education the l tilization of its PhYSical Plant and its Teaching Personnel completed and under revision AHD 15 Hajor Conclusion of P ecent Studies Concerning ETV b Analysis of Factors A 116 The Relations of Social Economic and Cultural Factors and National Achievement Exam Res'ults to be completed in July AI· D· 117 The Rela tions of National Achievement Exam Resul ts and Combination of Inputs and Other School Charact'eristics A1 - TD fiB 'The Detailed Ana'lysis of Achievement Exam Results From the oint of View of Curriculum and Instructional Methods A ID 119 Attitudes and rractices of Supervisors and School Principals and their Relations ·to National Achie ement Exam Results c POlicy AWD 1110 Principal Findings Costs and Prjorities of Alternative Policies for IncreRsing the Eff icienc·y-of Basic- Education - 2 Kindergarten a Identificaticn and lliantification of Problems A TD fill Principal Findings Costs and Priorities'of Alternative P licies for Increasing the fficienc of Kindergarten a b in one docu ent 3 Bachillerato a Identification and quantification of Problems A D fl12 Enrollment·s t Costs and Final Graduat on E am Results of tba BachillerAtos b Analvsis' of Factors and Policy AWD H13 Principal Findings Costs and Priorities of Alternative Policies 'for Increasing the Efficiency of Bachillerato UNC SSIFIED ---- ---------------------------- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 201 CO 641545 9 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 2017 i 4 Higher Education a Identification and nuantification of Problems 014 Enrollments Graduation Rates Total Per Student and Per Graduate Costs of the Various Faculties and Dep rtments and Other Institutions of Higher Learning Ah b I 1 5 Out-of-School or Non-Formal Education a Identification and Ouantification of Proble s N·m t 16 Programs E'nrollments Graduation P ates and Costs of 'Non-School Education Carried Out Kith Public tugds b Analysis of Factors and Policy N·W II 17 Principal Findings Costs and Priorities of Alternative Policies fo ' Increa'sing the Efficiency of Out-of-School Education J j Analvsis of Factors and Policy AHD 15 Principal Findings Costs and Priorities of Hternative Policies or Increasing the Efficiency of Higher Education I RELEVANCE a Identification an0 uantification of Pro ems Some elations Between Ed'ucational ttaiIWent and Income Literacy Fertility Occupation and Employment CONAPL Survey AHD 119 Some ltelations Bet veen F ducational Attainment and Selected Data from the 1972 Economic Censuses and Expressed Citizen Pri f erences Conccrniri' -Prograr ts -of' 'Pr'ac tical· Instruction - Audiencia Survey AWD 1120 A Tracer St'udy of Specialized Bachilleratos Graduates The r Occupation and Earnings Ai·ill 1118 b Analysis of Fectors a nd Polic Alternative Heasures and Costs for mproving the Relevance of Basic Education ' Bachill era to· Higher Education and Out-of-School Education Al-m 1121 ACCESS a Identification and 0uantification of Probleres A' Ifl A t JD #3 Ai·ill 114 A1- TD II 5 AWD illO N·ID 'fl12 AhlD 014 AWD 1116 AWD fl18 - - -_ -- - ----- --------1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641545 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 2017 j l ' 'llr i'J 3 - b Alternative Combinations of Feasible Enrollment Targets 2 nd Improvement Programs A ·TD 22 A · TD J23 Estimates of Resource I' vailabil ftie s in 1986 and the Year 2000 and Feasible Alte rnative Combinations of Enrollment Targets faT the Five Levels and Kinds of Education Progr s to Increase Efficiency anrl Programs to' lmnrove Relevance Educa ion Sector Analysis l'lethodo1ogy Descri tion Evaluation and Recommendations i j 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S D partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415459 Date 10 11 2017 - ---------------------------co 6416947 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416947 Date 10 11 2017 -t UNCLASSIFIED Departn1ent oj'State _ STATE 211l10015 OCT-01· I So -00 ONY-100 PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO STATE TELEGRAM 2012 003 R DRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY BOM APPROVED BY SIP PHKREISBERG SIP HHENTGES S P- OF- DSK I NNE Y bESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONI Y ------------------10111102 R 230049Z·AUG 77 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY PORT AU PRINCE UNC AS OUTGOING - 2310507Z 114 200 15 01 SSENT CHANNEL' E O 11652 NIA TAGS HA SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FOR IL_______--'I FROM SIP - KREISBE RG B6 ACTING I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSE·NT MESSAGE ON AID CUTS IN A HAITIAN HEALTH PROJECT MS HARRIET HENTGES OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS SEEN· UESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE· REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNEL REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATEO TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRE TARY THE A X D ADMINISTRATOR THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT ECRETARY FOR INTER-AMER CAN AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED CHRISTOPHER - - -' - UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416947 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016'-07743 Doc No C06431695 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' ' July 22 1977 CC »Wl SEN'l'IAL RELEASE IN PART 86 ' TO IO - Mr Dalley FROM IO LAB - SUBJECT Ambassador Vanden Heuvel's Proposal on the r 86 lLO Vanden Heuvells proposed scenario is that ' a the July 26 27 talks be used by Assistant Secretary Maynes to explore the Vanden 'Heuvelproposal VP with our allies and with the Secretariat rather than for the purpose of finding out what our allies will do on their own initiative in the ILO b he then proposes that the VP be accepted by the USG and we persuade the two private groups' to go along if possible ' ' e even if we do not get the two private' groups agreement he then'proposes major consultations with e EC IMEC group to extract a corroni t ment fron thenr in return for our implementing the VP ' d we then work hard with our ailies 'towards achieving goals at the June 1978 conference even if the US workers and employers are boycotting it e ssuming a successful outco e we then cancel the letter of intent and become full members instead of ssspended members me Before critiquing this cenario let re ute several falsS assumptions J he states the lLO will collapse when we leave - I know of no one who believes this 2 He states members of the UN community are bewildered at the prosp ct of US withdrawal Comment we have been made extensive demarches starting in November 1975 explaining our problems in the ILO and reiterating our intent to' withdraw Bewilderment seems to indicate that people have not been paying any atte·n·tion until the last min4te of the crisis 3 He states that our goals were too difficult to a9hieve in he two-year period -Appar ntly he has not underptood our posture w erein for two years we have stated we sought o victory but eOHPlf f ffi'fi L ' - GOS • I _ • __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431695 Dat 11 13 2017 --_ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431695 Date 11 13 2017 __ _ w J ___ _ _ L _ • J I ••• _ •• _ _ • ' _ - •••• _ _ ' - • _ • • •_ - _ · rL J CON IM'lfi'PIAl - 2 support 4 He states that many diplomats in Geneva believe a majority of ILO meffiQers are in favor' of hav ng ·'the Report of the Committee on Application of Conventions and Standards accepted by the plenary ' - He gives no reasons why the diplomats believes this and fails to comment on the fac that one month ago a majority of lLO meffiQers readily rejected the Report despite warnings from many Western speakers that this would be a very damaging blow'to the ILO mechanism Critique of Scenario The VP of putting our letter of intent in suspense by not paying our final assessment is of dubious legal validity and could make our membership and participation in the lLO subject to continual challenge by those hostile to the US i e by majority of the lLO membership see analy is done by L · The July 26 27 talks have already been programmed for having the 'lest take the lead in making suggestions etc We have told the diplomats who have contacted us that we have no proposal for the talks we want to hear from them about 'how theY see the LO whether the' US leaves or stays in The talks start Tuesday afternoon • There is insufficient time to change the nature content and objectives of these talks especiallY as all the implications of the VP have not yet been analyzed in the USG and it would therefore be premature to present them to foreign governments until we are sure the VP is one we are going to puruse a F rthermore the time pressure is such that the Geneva talks are our 'last chance to find out what the West thinkS before the CLC meets to make its'recommendation If we change the agenda to iscuss the VP we will have no chance to carry out the original purpose of the tplks and thus will be missing an important element when we go to the CLC meeting We could use the Geneva talks for their original purpose omitting any discussion of the VP and then try to lIsell it to the Departments of Commerce and Labor I 'before approaching the b o· private groups Preliminary reaction 6f the two Departments is negative towards the yP If we cannot get their agreement we will find it impossible to sell the wo private groups it w ould be almost impossible even if the two Departments agree ' r ' j£_ UNCLASSiFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016'-07743 Doc No C064316 5 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 6431695 Date 11 13 2017 Cordi' OENTI1tl1 3 c He then proposes major talks with the West to extractQ a commitment from them n return for our implementing the VP Aside from the great difficulties of delaying our LO'decision urther and the greater difficulty of having only the State Department in favor of the VP extracting promises under pressure is exactly what we have been doing for two years The result has been grudging support of the most minimal kind intended to keep us in the ILO I have no doubt that we could get the same support in return for the VP although it might ake a month or so for each government to get this approved by its bureaucracy Such a commitment would be even less worthwhile than the commitments we obtained while we w re us ng the letter of inten t to extract support because our failure to leave on November 6 ould undermine our credibility ' ' 'z ' d Consequently he idea of then working hard with our allies to achieve progress in 1978 is very unrealistic we would be in the sarne old posture'of prodding and pushing in order to get support because we would ha ve gotten their agreement under duress instead of with'basic agreement on principles It is impossible to hold 'a gun at someonels head say tell me what you really t ink and get an hones answer you will get the answer the victim thiriks will keep you from pulling the trigger The Ambassador mentions that US wo kers and employers would probably fail to participate in this effort but says nothing about the disastr u irnpact this wpuld have on the USG effort in a tri artite organization To any impartial observer the U6G voice whether in talking to the tiest or lobbying with the Third l'lorld or speaking in an ILO meeting would lose all substance if the us l'lorkers and employers were boycotting the ILO · We would be subject to constant criticism by lLO members hostile to us and this is a majority ·as the June 1977 conference shows ' We would be 'lorking under more 'adverse conditions than during the period November 1975 to June 1977 so why should we expect to achieve anything at the June 1918 conference e As noted in d abov our chances of achieving any success would be ·less than during the previous period a because of our loss of cr dibility caused by our eOtfPIBEMTIM ' J t _ ' ' -- t 7' UNCLASSIFIED U S - - ' - - - - ' - - - •• - '-J • •- - '• ' • - - - - • • Depar ' I nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431695 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431695 Date 11 13 2017 ' COMFIBEli'P IAL- 4 failure to withdraw b because our membership status would be dubious and subject to challenge and c because we would be participating solely as a government without US worker or employer membership Yle would not achieve any progress we would slide back and have to get out either by waiting two years if you assume we had actually rejoined by not leaving November 6 1977 or by making our final payments and finishing off the withdrawal Either way we would merely postpone the agony and leave in greater defeat than 'in July 1977 with the addit onal burden of a year of ruitless' flailing aroWlci ' -- ' -0--- _ - - I lO LAB 1 --_----'I of 86 CONFIE Blf'i'IM ' - _·' d£ •• • '- ' • -_ UNCLASSIFIED U S _ ' ••• r _i · · _ _ 'J i _ _ ' ' - p ' ••' lJ ' '' ''u ' - -' t ' ' I Department of 'State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431695 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472757 Date 01 11 2018 -- --- ---- _- --_ _-- - -- ------ ----- --- jRELEASE IN FULLI D p1- · r'· t ·i' 1 Z' IV' cv f f I or l'J'J t VI Siai e r-J- ' - - 11111 11' 11 • ' J or tJ I 'J i'_' I -r-oI w •• --- 'I I # ' ' • J 1_ 1 ' ' - 'CI'C'0 r - i '1 1 ' C'i' ON Uti ' 9 O r- H r NrO to AU 0 G' t lQlO e 3 t AC i 6 ' G 'I B 01ei55i g QcQ aQ a Q g ' R tS llg 1z JUN 'l FM AMfM6A$SV TEb AVIV WASHDe 2781 O $ CSTbT Qi16 2 N A IS' sUP JEt r ISRAel'S PV H i'5 'TAr S ' EAID A R j lt t'W0 'i'l7 t 1 Z RGt JUH- r-H 'NTt REF3'A STATe 921 51 SQ TEL AV7V 2G9S '· g Cu STATE 126140 g e wE 0' CUURB KNEN OF GOI REQU a7 AI IGU 7 FOR PI d80 COr'lMOOnJE VAI UED TMEN A ' A60U' ' 5 t i IN PREPARING REFTEL LA r 1r t I ONq 'fHE SAME QUANTUiES l'IOll O COST ABOUT IN REF A PR lCES ·SPECI D U IN eO N il e C057 FOR wu t lon ' ' F EOGRA NO H HAn AL SO tjEEN TOLD REf' A T IA'i' 'i'Hl e QUESTS t E lf IZ W i n i or EXt' EED CONMODITY AVAII-A Zl n e YN F'IAi'Oa XI'i nl 6 CI ' UI fJ 'j' G1 wE PROPOSE WHAT E' CONSIOfRE D 'fO fiE - A P F ASONAl LE lROGRM'l MIV ' WH l CH' COUL D Bt CA'RRIED OUT 0 Wf AERE ANAP THAT TH At tl r j' F ' XSF A l l ASr VI AR PROVIDED FOR COl li'1Monznn s iOrAl bING i3 2GG·r'iJ RUT·IN THE EV NT IN BE· AVA L A LC LX HT WE WERE ABbE TQ SUPPLY ONLY OF THE SU6STANTIA LV LA Ge 11 1 FV m i'5 STATE 2614 1 3 MAnE FOR A LA GER PROGRAM ME SAGEo FO X RAEb 547 ' MlbL ON O ' QUANTITITE$ I'Jf EI EIIJE THAN TriAl i •• ' NO G n A CASt SUG E6TEO Cf r IN r ISRA L WXLL HAVE SHARPLY INCREAStO FOREI N EHCHhNG RR QUIREMENTS OVER THE NEXT F I VEARS 1 -lICH ' nbc Pt Of iN iW I' I 'E 'T FACT THAi THESE LONG YERMS LOANS pUSH l$Rl1 t- ·'S rl j r · l _ V N HIGHgR AND HAVE CREATED SOME DIPfYCULTy ECENTLV r nlRPOSING OF EXCESS SOYBEAN OIL APPAMENTLY HAS NOT L EY5 lO NTEREST IN oeTAINING LARGE TITLE I PROG AMA THUS XN LIENT i AVAILABIL1TIES ANO 5T ONG iGOi '7NT gT EM6ASSY HA NO ODJ CTZO - • I ' -- - - - - --- - - _- __ _---- --- ------- ------- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472757 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472757 Date 01 11 2018 'I • I' it ' ' ' LIMI' H' D 'I X US ' of ' ' to AA e NV L AV '3 1 llt lel' 'to r • to I ' O i ''f l1'3 OR H'rGlit R I E nNO ' ' I' ' t •••• to • 0' r' J' I i' to ' ' I ' to t I ' 0' ' • 0 0 r t •• 0 ' ' 0 ' o • ' ' t ' • ' I ' f ' ' i 0 ' 0 ' • • - ' ' '0 • • ·i' ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472757 Date 01 11 2018 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431114 Date 11 13 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 COHFIBENTIAL S P JAARZT BDM 6-3-76 EXT 29716 S P JAARZT S P-OFP PJL YDON' DRAFT SIP ONLY ROUTINE ABU DHABI DISSENT CHANNEL FOR L I____ ---'I 0 NL Y B6 LO 11652 GDS TAGS PfOR PINS SU SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF ABU DHABI 1432 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CABLE ON THE OFFICIAL WELCOME TO PRESIDENT NIMEIRI MR DONALD PETTERSON OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAfF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE 'OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION-FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR Of THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE OPEN FORUM PANEL· WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY ASPROMP LY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY L CQNFI»Et TI AI J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431114 Date 11 13 2017 U ' NCLASSIFIEP • U S Date RELEASE 11 13 2017 Department of State Case No F-2016-0774 3 Doc No C06431444 • IN PART' 86 r f-f tI2 86 -- -- -_ ----_ '---- -_ -- - --- - - --- -- --------- --- -- --- ---- • ---- --- - -- -- - - -- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431444 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State- Case'No' F-201'6-07743 Doc No C06431444 Date 11113 2017 - til Q _ PAGE 02 p1jj • W EWD 362i ' 4 ' • '0' i - ' 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EXCEPT PERHAPS IN THOSE WOULD eERT tNLY NCT FE COU TRI S w eR OU A S STANCE I CLUOE I DIA' Sr 81o u laxs hJ w E loING LATTERe 0UNTRt ES IQ S A SWORDi IT aU STlju n eYNleI H A 'O POL TICA EXPEO E CV FO HUMANtTlRIAN CONC RN ANO LONG T RH GOAL S IT i'r hVXCES A VISIBLE ISSIJE FOR CRITics OF' THE u s TO E P OIT ' ' ' ' _ XT JEOPHHH7 ES TUR II P I j' CA EI AT ONSPIFS OF'TH TYPE BE N W H'V 'T Y N TO C EATE IN INDIA F1NAL L Y T IS HiPORiltNT 'TO lb' THE j 3tJL KINESSii COI F7 O MY H I of AID -' -- -------_ - _ -_ _------ - ------------ _- --- - ' - ' ''''''-------'' _ __ _ --- -' '__ _----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06431444 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASr IED U S Department of S n 'lPl I IOir 2016-07743 Doc No C06431444 Date 11 13 2017 PAGE 92 8 N W OE t 521 e2 Oi 2 1 15SeZ P OGRAM W IeM M KES TH r 'QO Lv 8uxiE9 Q SUO EN STARTS AND· tiT j S Tn LC 'JTI g R g II f O F J FISCAl Y A ne lGATIONS ST FfI PATTE S AND CLO I OUT ACT VIT S cA 1 0 i' AS t L V BE SHORTENED 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RYDq SUCH ACT V TI ULn ALLOW us To ETAIN ou OON iS 5 AT TH I FI UE I L D T INQIA CD S RTIU IN 1 Y VIE TH T ITIONAL nV NM 1 TO GOV R T· lOAN ClA lIla JQ ' ' I ' - - L uITEI · E 0' il' JAT AS I lT$T''' '' I ' '1 1 ' G '11' -- q t n PACKAG ' MAY AE n1S0L TE I I PR ARATI N FOR TH PCO lNG HAY CMZSJRTIU TIN W RHnUL eGlN NOW TO X ORE J VARIETY OF PCSS LE INITItT V S PC FY 17 C N ijD N HU T%LATE A PROGA M5 TH N TlTL 11 tN pV n RANTS THRnU H TH HELL oeVe f OP D VC L G W n'O K Ii H A ' ST SSI' G I JQV 'I' V RU AL O NTaD PRnJ CTS A M NteTe i' y I TRRME'IARIES E COUL D CD T U U LO 3 A S CXATIO XTH WrT UT EXAC RBATXNG FOLITiCAL FRrCT CNS - i iNDIAN evaLO NT SAXt e - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0643144 - Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476736 Date 01 11 2018 U I uU J I r I t u f' DelJartlnent OJ ZENNA 04s I COPY-01 IN S' RELEASE PART 86 200902Z ADS-00 ES-OI 7987 1004 W 201935Z 140 ------------------255773 R 200859Z APR 83 FM AMEMBASSY VIENNA TO SECSTATE WASHoe 0335 I NCLAS VIENNA D13 C f1 J 04851 AFSA OISS NT E O yo r t- e I Jj CHANNE L 12356 TELEGRAM NtA TAGS N A SUBJECT SEXUAL HARASSMENT IN THE WORKPLACE REF · STA'l'e AFSA 75499 I SEXUAL' HARASSMENT IS RIGHTLY PROHIBITED BY FEDERAL LAW AND REGULATION SUCH BEHAVIOR HAS NO PLACE IN AN ORGANIZATION OF ANY SORT ALL RIGHT-THINkING MEN AND WOMEN SUPPORT THE SUPPRESSION OF SEXUAL HARASSMENT FEDERA L GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES IN PARTICUl AR HAVE' EXTENSIVE MEANS OF DEALlNG WITH SUCH ABUSES AND HAVE THE ASSURANCE THAT CORRECTIVE ACTION WILL BE TAKEN It 2 WHY THEN MUST AFSA WHICH SHOULD 8E CONCENTRATING ONrLABOR MANAGEMENT PROBLEMS AND OEFEATING THE ASSAULT ON OUR PENSION PLAN ' STICK ITS NOSE WHERE IT DOES NOT BELONG NATURALLY WE ARE STRONGLY OPPOSED TO SEXUAL HARASSMENT BUT THE ·AFSA GUIDELINES MAKE IT APPEAR THAT EVEN THE MOST INN 9SJi L lg TJ LB£ IS REPREHENSIBLE AND SUBJECT TO SEVERE DISCI PLINARY ACTION 'WITH ITS OPEN INVITATION TO SECRETLY b Q LJJ IE • WHI S T ' E ON ANYBODY THAT MAY OR MAY NOT HAVE INTENDED OFFENSE AFSA HAS CARRIED THE WORKPLACE' S LEG TIMATE CONCERN WITH SEXUAL HARASSMENT TO DANGEROUS AND EXAGGERATED HEIGHTS ONE IS REMINDED OF THE RUMOURS OF J EDGAR'S DIRTY 'LITTLE FILE ON POI 'ITICIANS WHO MIGHT TRY TO· UNSEAT HIM THE INFOR MAL DENOUNCING SYSTEM SHAOES OF GEORGE ORWELL'S 1984 - I SET UP IN PARAGRAPH 8 OF REFTEL SHOULD BE IMMEDIATELY AND PUBLICL' Y RETRACTED THE POTENTI L FOR ABUSES OF' THlS UNREGULATED Spy SYSTEM IS STAGGERING 3 AT LEAST THE PERSONAL INFORMATION-GATHERING APPARATUS THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT IS CONTROLLED BY THE FRIVACY ACT AND THE FREEOOM OF I FORMAiION ACT WHO CONTROLS AFSA'S FILES AFSA MUST GET OUT OF THE Spy BUSINESS AND GO BACK TO liS AREAS OF COMPETENce -- AS DEFINED IN THE EXECUTIVE ORDER -- NOW '01' '1 4 IN iRANSMl TTING REF TEL AFSA EXCEEDED ITS CHARTER THAT ERROR MUST BE RECTIFIED BEFORE MANA EMENT USES IT AS AN EXCUSE TO CENSOR AI'S CABLES PRIOR TO TRANSMISSION __ OR TO TAKE OTHER ACTION DETRIMENTAL TO AFSA AS THE SOLE H G F lP r Bj R IL FOR FOREIGN SERVICE PER vNNEL 5 SION 1 0CAL AFSA REP SAW THIS TELEGRAM PRIOR TO TRANSMIS- POL ANSK Yc IOTE BY OC T AF5A MEMBER AND OTHERS CHEERS NOT RPT NOT PASSEO AFSA BY OC T UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476736 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 641688 g IED u s Department of State 'jjg b RMip EP V R EUR FE HE CU Z FOR RM USE ONL Y CONFIDENTIAL A-25 NO INR FtJO DEPARTMENT OF STATE au l1 H@ H£M L Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 HAI-IDLINC INDICATOR Secretary of State ' Ie RELEASE IN- IPARTB6 I n y p 1'7f · ·· ' j' r IV GR COM FRO LAB TAR TR lCMO IR R M Y C I -- - N A VY - -f TAGS - o 110- -- US I -- --I-IS- -f r i PBOR PINS LY CD XI SUBJECT REF Amembassy TRIPOLI DATE July 11 1977 GDS Jh I VfJl JHOV Libya's Involvement in Northern Chad lZ S Wei I i inr lit FROM _-- - B 0 t' 11652 INT ' rDISSENT CHANNE 1 31V lS 10 IN3 'l1 Vd30 POLITIcAL OFFICER LI_____---'I 86 -- SUMMARY Libya's invo1vement with the Muslim tribes of northern 'Chad antedates the activities of Col Qadhafi's regime As early as the 16th century the Fezzan tribesof southern Libya fled Otto n rule and sought refuge amongst the Islamic tribes of the' Tibesti region which the French annexed to the colony of Chad in 1930 During the entire period of French colonial occupation the Muslim tripes of this region resisted French occupation and claimed allegiance to the religious Islamic sect of the Senussi of Libya The cultural religious and language differences between the Senussi-dominated tribes of the B E T Boukou Ennedi and Tibesti and the African tribes of southern Chad contain the origins of the present internal dispute in northern Chad A separate but related dispute is Libya's claim'to the Aouzou Strip Libya f s support of Frolinat also stems from its refusal to recognize the 1930 French annexation of Tibesti to Chad It is questionable wheth r the U S should become involved in this dispute by giving military aid __ Lto the hadian Government Such assistance would only COMMENT CONFIDENTIAL J 86 FOR DEPT USE ONL Y DIll 00111 '86 Clear oees UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _C Ise No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 C06416889 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 Tripoli A-25 CONFIDENTIAL 2 encourage a military solution to an internal essentially tribal dispute in northern Chad and the related issue of Chad's borde'r dispute with Libya END SUMMARY Libya's present involvement in northern Chad antedates the activiti s of Col Qadhafi's regime King Idris' rule of Libya and indeed the establishment of a modern Libyan state To a considerable extent' the historical involvement of Libya with Muslim tribes in northern Chad regions of Boukou 'Enndi and Tibesti predates the Turkish conquest of the Fezzan in the 16th century During Turkish attempts to conquer the Fezzan of Libya two of·the Fezzan's largest tribes the Oueld Suleman and Oueld Hamid fled and sought refuge amongst the mountainous nomads of· Borkou Enndi and Tibesti who had earlier been converted to Islam during the Arab conquest· _ of North Africa Indeed the Toubbou tribe of Tibesti controlled Koufra in Libya until the 18th century when it was liberated by the Senussi By 187-0 the Senussi movement had succeeded in converting the already Islamicized tribes of the B E T to the Senussi Order Senussi dominance of the B E T lasted effectively until 1913 with the defeat of the Senussi army in Faya by the French Colonel Largeau After the French conquest of the area the paramount chief or dardai o the largest Tihesti clan the Tomaghera escaped the Tibesti and sought refuge in Koufra in 1914 Chief Shahai Bogar-Mi was allowed by the French to return to the Tibesti in 1920 when the French gave Chad the' status of a colony This Senussi chief ruled the Tibesti as a semi-autonomous area under Fr ch tutelage until his death in 1939 In 1930 France extended the 1920 border of Chad's colonial territory to incorporate the Tibesti r gion into Chad Throughout French rule of this are French a'uthorities had norminal control of the Tibesti • The B E T had traditionally been an ungovernable area and remained so after France granted Chad independence in August of 1960 French administration continued in CONFIDENTIAL c _ _ •• _ _ _ __ ' • '- ___ • _ _ _ _-- _ ---_ __••• 1 - ' ' •••••• - i • l' - ___ - -__ -- _ - ' '0'· ' ' 'tt ''' ' '' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State e 'J E 91 -07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 ------------------------------ co 641688 9 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 Tripoli A-25 CONFIDENTIAL 3 this rebellious area until 1965 From the imposition of French control of the Tibesti in 1867 until the present the Tibesti tribes adhere to the tenets of Libya ' s Senussi Islamic sect In an attempt to control the B E T administrative areas the French exploited the traditional animosity of the' Islamic tribes of the north and the Christian and animist tribes of southern Chad The French brought to the northern area administrators police and security forces from southern Chad These'''tirailleurs'' were once slaves of the Muslim Ounia The Ounia resisted every effort by the French and their southern African allies to control Ounianga The religious cultural and language differences between these northern Muslim tribes and the southern Sara tribe dominated by the Bantu contain th origins of the present conflict in the northern Chad region in which L bya has become directly involved The rebellion in the Aouzou Strip in 1965 with the withdrawal of the French and in early August 1968 reflected the deep animosity between the northern Muslim Toubou and their former vassals and slaves Indicative of the desires of the northern Muslims was the stated goals of the Frolinat in 1968 • The organization insisted upon a separate identity for the Muslim Arabic-speaking north The following of Frolinat originates in the tribes of Anakazzas apd Kokordas who once had as their serfs and slaves the Karoarjas and Dozas Gorane tribes of the lowl nd The Anakazzas of Faya and Yarda were in turn once the slaves of the Toubous All of tliese Muslim tribes share an historical animosity towards the Christian and animist tribes of southern Chad As a· result of Muslim t'ribal inte'rmarriage and conquest the Muslim·tribes constitute a similar regional grouping with little in common with their southern countrymen It may be argued th t the present internal dispute of Chad to a considerable degree' has its origin in the legacy of French colonialism During this period the French as other colonial powers arbitra ily delineated CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 co 641688 g IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 Tripoli A-25 CONFIDENTIAL 4 their African colonial possessions witho t regard to ethnic religious o tribal groupings The resultant problem created by the legacy of Chad's colonial past and the future terri toria1 integri ty of present Chad i$ a question which virtually every former African colony confrqnt The self-assertion of tr bal ethnic religious and cultu al groupings will continue to be the source of internal conflict for these states The ability of the ir governments to p acet ully resolve internal tribal conflicts will test their metal for generations to come The contiguous territories of African states will also generate border disputes between neighboring states where borders· drawn by the former colonial powers separate these groups Present Libyan Involvement Libya's claim to the Aouzou Strip and its support for the Frolinat in northern Chad is direc'tly related Co the refusal of both the Libyan Government and the Muslim tribes of northern Chad to accept the delineation of a border drawn in 1930 by the French colonial admini ­ tration Today the French have a v sted interest in shoring up the regimes of their former African olonies to enable them to maintain the territorial integrity of areas the French origi ally established French military and political initiatives to maintain the integrity of its former possessions is readily understandable yet it is highly questionable whether the U S should become involved in such an intractable political and territorial dispute whose origins often antedate the period under which this area was subjected to European colonial rule The present Cr1S S in northern Chad does not have its origins in policies of Col Qadhafi's regime nor the CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas_e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 C06416889 IED - - u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 Tripoli A-25 CONFIDENTIAL 5 designs of the Soviet Union ' While the Soviet Egyptian and Sudanese Governments may wish to exploit the dispute between Libya the northern Muslim rebels and the Chad Government it would behoove the U S not to become directly involved by military assistance to the Chadian Government in what is essential y two separate iss es i e one of territory between' Libya and Chad and the other an internal- dispute between northern Muslim rebels and the Chad Government The C-had Governinent· appears to be attempting to solve both disputes by resorting to military domination of Chad's northern tribes Since the grievances of the northern Muslim tribes' of Chad appear legitimate the U S Government should make every effort to encourage the Chadian and Libyan Governments to solve this conflict by peaceful means Libyan involvement in northern Chad is directly attributable to the historical identification of Libyan tribes w ith those of the B E T If the grievances of the northern Chadian Muslim tribes were redressed then in all probability Libyan support for them would cease CONFIDENTIAL a_ _ ' ' _ ' I ' - i o ' •• -' _ -- --'-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-Q77 43 Doe No C06416889 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 __ 4 t w s Il 1 · r- -- a 'I- - r -9- ' Jt z · JII 1' 'Ji -· j · - ·· 1J - -··A 0' '$' ' - --n wc ii RELEASE IN PART 86' - ' eOUPIBI3Ni'IM t _ ' DISSENT CHANNEL 86 I New Delhi - Dear ''' ' t If' I rit'in in reply to your dissent channel message sent to the secretary on Febrdary 19 concerning US arms sales to developing countries and to Pakistan in particular • ' - I • • • - -r - ' _ As was indicated in our telegram'of acknowledgement your message was received too late to have any impact on our decision' to lift' the arms'embargo in 'South Asia • I can assur you however that this step· was taken after a painstaking review of all of the'factors involved including ones of the genera1 typ that you raise - ' Your message did however ar ive in good time to be considered in connection with a general review of arms i sales policy that is underway in the Department As you are pernaps aware interest in this subject is very igh in Congress and in the media particular y because of ' t h e - '-large a r ms sa es t at we have' made--'·t6 tll - --PerS' tan w - ' ' --- - S tates · I ' have instructed' t he' members 'bf mY· staff who re conce ed·· w th arms sales policy to give- consideration· -to the pOint ' at you raise i · an t r· h forwar e4 a opy o your message' to Under ·Secretary Maw the · senl or' Department of'fic'Hll -concerned with arms' 't ransfers ' 'and to Mr • vest · ' Direct or· c i ·i oliti'co Miii tarY Affairs ' 4ll ik 1i i fi i ·j - ' - ' 2 i ' r- l - -' _ -- - ' · $ r f 3r - ' As you know · the issues raised in your telegram are ' ' not new ones nor are there easy answers We' ·have· often agoni ed ovel ' the harmful' impact 'of arms s les a d - follow- on costs on 'develppment -the 'danger' o' whett ng • _ r military 'appetites and the rl sk of use l n wayS · that· are ' not in line with us interests We have 'made mistakes 'in all of these areas in the past and may do so again ' That however is unfortunately true · in 'almost 'all policy choices and as you point out the nl i way to iil o i th ge is ' not to sell arms at all ' i - · · i · · · ··' ' ' ' ' -' ' ' ' ' - Z · ' t - t 0 • ' I oS ' - t ' ' ' ' ' 7'1' ' Jo _ t ' ' ' • • • • ' ' ' COHi IBEHi'I1di • ' f ' f - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 • -- _ a - u • ' ' t i _ ' · 1 JA ' J'·l ' ' I ' ' ' C6Uf'IflBN'fIM -2- A non-sales policy however ' would also bring with it many other problems perhaps just as severe The Urtited States is after all alprincipal security support clf many nations and it would be hard to fill that role i we denied ourselves the right to sell or otherwise provide military equipment to· our friends Also there are numerous examples e g Jordan where our ability to supply military equipment has clearly benefited both our interests and those of the recipient Thus I doubt that a self-denial policy would be feasible It is however something that we should periodically reexamine and I am glad that you once again have raised the is e I do not want to enter into a debate on specific points but the following two do spring to mind ' -- There is unfortpnately ample 'evidenc that other arms suppliers can and do jump into gaps that are opened when we implement a restrictive sales policy the most obvious cases are in Latin America and indeed India where US reluctance to sell arms in the mid-1960s opened the door for massive Soviet sales -- I am not at all sure that refusal to sell armS would trengthen the hand of civilian vs military leaders T e Indian litary for example has not been made politic51lly potent by h'e vast quantities of _ Ia1 eri-e·I i has -'' '- - - received over the past decade Conversely the 'history of Latin America and Africa abounds with examples of mili tary coups by armed forc es that had only the most rudimentary IDi itary equipment ' On the other hand the economic and civil repr ssion arguments against arms' sales weigh eav j ly and we take them very seriously in -making our deci ions J 'can cer-' tainly assure you·that the profit motive is not a major factor in arms sales to 'poor countries The much-publicized sales in the Persian Gulf have been to countries that are sca cely poor and in any event commerc -al·mofivat f on· has been only one - and by no means the' largest - -- element in our calcula'tions- in those cases ' - ' -' With specific regard to Pakistan the s ope of the likely arms sales will be of a-magnitude that should· have no delete ious effect in the areas you describe You have no doubt seen the criteria that we have set forth 1 hope you find them reassuring CeNPIBEN'fltm -·-·--·UNCLASSIFIEO-U S -Oepartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' ' eeMf'IBEN'fIMI -3- ' • I' • f ' t ' ' My letter is not· meant to be negative · Of necessity I have replied to your argumentation more than I hav expressed agreement with the valid points that you have raised in drawing attention to difficult problems inherent in the arms transfer field Your concern is universally shared within the Department • 'I appreciate your concern and am grateful to you for helping us think through these matter·s again Your contribution to the ongoing process of policy review in this field is a thoughtful one and has been stimulating to all of us Sincerely yours Sl Samuel w Lewis Acting Director -' ' Policy Planning Sta f ' - I' - ' -1 - I '1 - ' ' ' ' - • - '- - or ' ' ' - ' ' f ' ' - ' CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445877 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473551 Date 01 11 2018 If ' • J J V ' IJU I _ I _ Iss _ - ·1r Vinston Lord INR C S' - FRml _ _ v'l'll-V' 'l ' il 'I'Yl'l J SIP TO _ L 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ •• T 5_---l B6 _ • Qissent l-lessage UBJI CT Attached is a paper entitled Section 2l2 a 15 of the IN f · Eliminating Public Charg es or the or ' ng Poo'r which I -lould 1 ike to subrni t through the Disse n t Channel Mr Carl Shepard in the Visa Office ha s expressed an 'interest in seeing the paper It is unclassified • ' ' ' ' • BII ' U Sm' II - ___ _ _ - u __ ____ _ ' _ _ _ ' B m fJ R g t flr ' 0 1 • tht P l 'foll I' SflV 11fs1 Firm UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473551 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473864 Date 01 11 2018 - 1- ' 'r- fl f 1'- • ·1i 1'- t' ' t - • I r •• 1_ L ' I ______________ -- __ •• f 1- • IRELEASE IN FULLI ------------- --- - n-- - -- ---- - __ ____ ____ • rl ' III hC'i' ljll to Y NF'O A c O 01 T $11 Hj3 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US c f' Zt r LI i E I J EEC US 0 ti'P s HIll' iC HlF III CUE CC I H HS 1 TrE 'iiO rCL i 'E E 11 IEf r Htl S' i E Cl1R t Hhll· El¥ r ' E H f ETCW TO H ITI liE 1l 1 6Alli O lr ' 0 oliCr Of H ITB' I O'IER i EI r ' --UN-CLASSIFIED u s UtlCLf1SS I F IEO Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 _ oc N ·-t'b6416949Da·te ·1071112017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE IRELEASE IN PART 861 W•• hJ lgn D C 20520 October 13 1978 COtft' I BS tIPlA MEMORANDUM To Sip From INR RNA NE - Mr Lake 86 DISSENT CH ANNEL Subject DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE The US and Syria ' The Special Relationship Crumbles This memorandum presents a Dissent Channel viewpoint of I INR RNA NE The drafter does not wish to restrict distribution of this message and suggests that distribution include INR NEA NEA ARN and Ambassador Talcott Seelye The special relationship between the US nd Syria established with considerable difficulty following the 1974 Golan Disengagement Agreement has largely crumbled during recent months Consequently the drift of bilateral relations toward incompatibility continues and is likely to accelerate as a result of the Camp David summit and the fighting in Beirut The drift was stimulated by three developments --differences about the direction of Middle East peace negotiations which surfaced after the Sadat visit to Jerusalem --the Syrian perception of declining US support for Damascus' burdensome intervention in Lebanon ' and overall unfavorable impact on the Damascus leadership of the cutback and restoration of the AID program to Syria -the CONP IBE l' PIAt GDS - - -- -- - --------_ _---- _--_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 I 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 - _------------ CONEIOEM i AIr - 2 - The Decline of US Influence The drift is serious because it undercuts the ability of t e US to influence Syrian policy at a critical juncture when --priority attention is being devoted to promoting support in the Arab world for the Camp David Framework for Peace and --urgent attempts are underway to strengthen the fragile ceasefire in Beirut in order to contain the fighting from escalat·ing and provoking renewed Arab-Israeli clashes Amidst efforts to achieve the above two goals it may be worthwhile to pause and reappraise the utility of the special relationship While it flourished it seemed to hold forth the prospect of gradually expanding cooperation toward peace with Israel In this environment of growing trust the US was able to influence Syrian policy by fostering serious expectations within the Damascus leadership that Syria's willingness to coexist with Israel would be rewarded by tangible progress in the direction of a sett ement Assad's startling break with Syria's traditional Lebanese leftist and Palestinian clients during an earlier phase of the Lebanon civil war appeared to reinforce the inclination in Washington to cultivate the Syrian leader The emergence of tacit common interests between Syria and Israel in Lebanon moreover served as a valuable adjunct to the Us-sy ian link Rebuilding the Relationship The uncertain prospects for implementing the Camp David Framework and for restabilizirig Lebanon in the weeks ahead without Syrian cooperationdra¥ attention to the potential damage resulting from the drift in bilateral ties Mutual confidence ha s diminished to the point hat --Assad has become sharply critical about the lack of US responsiveness to Syrian concerns while a _ • • • • • _a _ __ _ _ _ao __ __ • • _ •••• UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 cONE IDEN'fIMr - 3 - --decisions by the Syrian leader have stoked suspicions in the US about the authenticity of his commitment to a Middle East settlement and of Syria's intentions in Lebanon But the assets that Assad possesses with the Palestinians the Jordanians and Lebanese logically would be useful -- and perhaps crucial -- to those intending to facilitate a resolution of the West Bank and Lebanon issues Bearing in mind the potential cost to US interests of proceeding ahead on these two fronts in the face of Syrian obstructionism policymakers mighe consider the advantages of undertaking concerted efforts to rebuild the special relationshi A successful rebuilding effort however would require some rethinking of assumptions by officials on both ends of the bilateral relationship In the US assumptions regarding Syria seem to have remained intact despite the transition of the peace process from the start-up phase to the imple entation stage In this new context Assad appears wellpositioned to help integrate the components of a comprehensive settlement if the special relationship were reconstructed It is perhaps not too late to restore ties to a satisfactory working level Several alternative strategies might advance this goal A discussion of these alternatives remains premature howev r until a commitment is made to reappraise the utility of US-Syrian relations The decision for US policymakers at present accordingly is whether to approach the new realities created by the Camp David accords without first attempting to rebuild the special re ationship with Syria INR RNA NE -_ _--- I dlt 10 13 78 x294-46 CDNFIPEN'l'IZIt - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446313 Date 12 11 2017 B61 rtlNciASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No • t C064 JJ _'p§ JJ 13 2 17 86 COMP%O NTU i 01' i t or 01 INFO • •• i 4fsi ES 01· %80-00 _ 11' •• 1' • 8'FT O BY AFle %L ING AePBOYEO Y_SlP LORO 81 c n B f EAREY NE E YI eaCWN AE' E'SCH UFEL E S'tP OK e1TER SON ·a P1PLYOO • O S%REO OtSTRxaUTtON S Pi ONL Y • • 'If R 0ii i i JUL 7s M SECST TE W SHDC 'TO AMEMBASSY ABU DHABI CON F i e 5 N T' I A Lt STATE 1 4192 DISsENT' CANNE FORI f t • wi w IFRc M ORD CIR POL CY' p U NHING 86 E• o i le e21 GO S I • • su us H GS' PFOR PiNS s e g6t · R sioENt· NIMEiRil 6A L ON RESiokNf' O D ift •• 1 REF ERENCEI ABU DHABI 14 2 n' T t OEeARrMENT ACKNQwLEOGES J ECEtPT YCUR A o MENTS SUBM fTTED T ROUGH THE 0 I SSENT CHA NeL · AGA rNST p eE IDE t ' NI M te I ME TING WX'TH T HE PR SlOe NT' %N I lGHT' cp· Nl EIRI IS SEPTEMBER MURDERERS o · 2 PRE$IpENT NtMeiex HAG MiD A GQo5WIL 1 P RIVii'e V SiT' T01US JUN $ 2 _T PROMOTE 'TR60 T M SUDAN 'THIS U O FIC1AI · VISIT' BREW OUT Of _%NVIT1 T%QN'· FROM S V RA ' • ST 'T'E GOVERNORS WHO HbD PBE IOU CONTACTS W%TH SUDAN XN ceN IaENTIA RC E %N R LEASE OF EIGHT' 6L CK AMBA SAOOR NOEL AND OeM Moa l - ---------------- --------------------------------- ----------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431115 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431115 Date 11 13 2017 CON IO NTiA f PAS 02 _jij eTAT • 1847 2 RESPDNS TO SUDAN S REQU sf WHICH WAS SUPPQRT D eY OUR E A ay X KHARTOU PRES%C NT rORD M T aRI F V W%TH NtMEIRI ON JUNE 10 8 ' • DEPiRfMENf u 9 NDER8fA DS fHE ef CNGwP ECi Ge ' i ' •• w ··· tHAT rRIENoe AND CC AGUEa O' C O NO AND CURTla OOR HAVE AeOUT T GOS RE ASE OF rH IA MU DER RS TO EGVPT AN CUSTODY IN R crtON TO TH%S_R L AS WE WITHOR W OUR AMBAseAOO POR FIVE MONTHS ND SU8P NDED PROGRAMS OF eiLATEBA AtD ANO_AsetsTA C fOR 2i MONTH TH GOS ACCEPTED THE_N CI SStrY F OR Tt lE U G TO TAKE THESE ACTIONS ND WI BELIEVE TH Y FORCEFULL9 MACE OUR POINT TO TH GOS OI ROTOOD AND 4 ' WH RE yOU AND O PARTMENT eE M TO DXFF R Ie NIM lR% GOV RNM NT IS TO S U %SH O B L1EV USG SijOU C CONTINUE I O 'lNIT LY 'TO CN aN HDW w CO_NOT MAt TA%N SANCT10NS AGAIN8T A COUNTBY_W %CH te C MXNOR e T GRO l G CONOM%C CO C RN ANO NOT tNSIGN% XCANT EGtON eaLrtlcA INT R ST TO us • two YEARS HAV AeS O stNCE T E'E GHT KHARTOU T RRQRrSrS W R S T' TO EGYPT TH y RE eTIL JIN D T NTION tN CAtPO AND 1M GOS HAe PLAyEO A O CXe%v ROLE IN B I G ALL FIV OF THE AM R ANe I XDNAep D L ST' V R elY R%TREAN _INSURRENTS AS WELL AO E PtNG OeTA%N T _R Ae OF TM FiVE AM R CAN TENN CO CAPTIVES IN 1 14 5 NEfOL SS TO SAY TH CE A T ENT SHAR S YOUR CONTINUING SENSE R OUTRAGE A SOR OW OYER THE MURDERS AS WELL Ae TH ROL O' UOA AT THE TIM fHE 6 CXatoN 'TO NQaMA IZE RE' CT O THe CONSIDEREO OPtN%ON O ' H ' EXECUT Vf_THAT stNCE W HAO ACE OUR POINT S%MC IT HAD e f C EAR Y UNQ STOQO y TH Gce AND N ijl W O THE LATT R'S eH 'OR TT eELATXONS AND T$ COO ERAT% ATTtTUDE TOW ABO T E ueG NOT LV N CASE or ERtTREAN KIDNAPPERS THE TtM H O COM 'OR SUCH A MOV w e TH D PARTM NT THANKS Y U_FOR_Ue%N THf DXS$E T CHANN L A O WISHES B EN CAREFULLV To seUR ou HAT_YOUR OTEO AT HtG VEL8 -eON i e NT% At VX We HAV WITHXN TH CON %e NTiA6- PAQ 03 STAT ' 1841 D RfM Nf iii issfNQ R UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07 43 Doc No C06431115 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472761 Date 01 11 2018 - --- _- --- -- -- _ _------- -----_ - - -- ----- --- --- __ _-_ _----- LI ' l1 Y r- n EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Crl t7AJ' ---'_---- Belgrade Yugoslavia 41 RELEASE IN I PART 86 I February 21 1974 Michael A G Michaud Esquire NEA IRN Department of state Washington D C ' Dear Michael I have seen some 'recent airgrams noting your name in cOMection with the Open Forum Panel and'besides wanting to renew contact I am writing to you in that capacity About a year ago I had the gall to send a dissent message Belgrade A-3559 to the Depart1l ent proposing that membership in the Communist Parly be dropped as a ground of ineligibility to receive a U S visa I was somewhat encouraged when the Department responded a short time later with a telegram informing me of the rather wide distribution which was given tb my proposal After that however there has been a sad silence It was my impression that all such diss ent messages like suggestions had to receive a response informing the drafter of the final action if any taken on his communication WQuld you m nd checking with the appropriate people in the Departqlent and letting me know what happened to my lone policy contribution Belgrade is great we are all fine and join in sending warmest regards to you Grace and the little ones ' Sinf' l'll l lu B6 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472761 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 lH Lltpul 81 Of S6 1I£t Jl 1 ENI ISIn 11 28143U Ill· o mmz JUII 83 rn ME1IBAS$T NAI OB I VI RELEASE IN PART 8S' SY -- t1Pl 94r uhm TO S£CSlATE IIASHOC IMEOIATr 7283 Pc PRC6iCSS HAnE HTING COHOIII C mORns SOlK RECURREnT AlIO O YHDPr tJlT SPE90lHG am BEU CUT 10 THE GOME IN RECENI IICHTHS ' flOIltVER THAT AeTlOn IIA$ foaCEO UPON THE GOK BJ S THE KHOIllEOGE THAT TNn IIOULD lOSE TRt I IF sunDBY • CREDITS IF THEY DID IIDT ACT ftOREOVER SPEN IUG HAS BEEN ACCOHPlISH D BV IIITHDR I Al fRon nIlIlS TRIES Of AUTHORITIES TO SPEND nOHEY NO II I' OytHEHT HAS BEU lADE III THE GOY RHIIENY'S ABILITY TO O lINlmR ITS 0l1li BUSINESS REVENUE AlSO HAS BEEN oaTAlIlED 1 8Y '1I1sTauCTI MG' f I RIIS AND PARASTATALS TO PLACE 0 LIQUID fUUDS l1I TetA URY BILLS AND A VAIUUV OF 'rVDGING·TtCHHIClUES IlAVE BEtN EI I'LOYED t - CO j l 1 0-' ' 1 I N U' 11 C O U356 Ht TAGS cr I W EAID KE SUeJECT HUI84 ESI USG SHOULD IIOT OISBURSE USOOL 28 nlLLIOH I CASH GRANt TO THE GDK R£rS 1 tt 1' 1 J ' ' '1 AI IIAIROBI 19G71 181 NAIROBI 16m I -- - - THIS IIESSAGE IS SUBIIIll C BY 1l1li0 DEPARtED POST lESTEROAY JUnE 21 2 BEGIH SUMARY liE HOY HAVE SIGN O AN AGRE I1EHT rOR USODl 38 'LlIOH IIi SF MOHEY fOil TBE KENYA GOVE Nn HT THAT HDllty IS STILL COHTING lIt UPON SEVERAL CDIIDITIONS PRECEOENt VIIltH THE GOK H S OT YET IlET BUT THEY ARE LIKEl Y TO PREunT DOCUlltHTS or SOliE SORt PURPORTING TO H VE In OUR CONOITIOHS If liE' PROCEED TO DISSURSE THE rUlL AlIOU 1 AT lHIS tiME lIE IIILl BE DEALING A VERY SERIOUS UlOII TO GOOD tcouOHle POL ICY IH' KENYA _1 6 '5 15- UJ ' UNLIKE AFRICA'S BASKET CASES KENYA THE BASICS fOR ECONonlC UCctss tHE PRlnARV IIIGRtolENT I'S 1 OYUAIIIC AND RtLATIVELY AellV PRIVATE SEtlOR If lIE MIl TAIl PRESSURE OH THE GDK TO WE THt CHlIim WECESSARY TO Al l011 THAT PRIVATE SECTOR To' 'h --' OPERATE ANV OF KENYA' S I1fDIUH·TERn ECONOHlt PRDBLEIIS I1ILL BE SOLVED If· lIE eOUWIUE 10 IlAKE • KEWYA A PRES'ENT or BAlAlICE OF PAYIlrHTS i EY IIITHOUT REGARD TO COnOllle POLICY lIE IIILl HAVE AE INFORC O THE lEHOEIICY TO POSTPONE OR IGJlORE DIFFICULt bECISIOliS If THOS DECiSiONS CONllNUE 'to BE POSTPONED I IIILL ONLY EHO 'UP PAVING r 'RE OVER THE NEXT FIVE HAAS IN OROER TO BAIL TKE GO OUT or PROSLEns VIIICH URGtL Y ARt OF'ITS OVII nAW G At THE VERY OST lIE SHOULD DISBURSE ONLY USDOt 10 lILL 1011 III IMEDIATE CASH GRAHT ' 3 THE GOII HAS A KISTORT Of nAKl1I1l SOLEIIII ROnISE$ FOR ECOtlonlC REFORn BUT fAILING TO DEL IVER fiVE Iilr STANDBy' AGREEn£llTS HAVE BEEN SUSPE DEO IoNO THE SEconD 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BEfORE JUt Y lIE KNoll IADII CONT4tlS IN THE GDVERNI ENT THAt TN CEI TRAl BAliK HAS NOT EYEH SEGUK iKt AO INISTRATlV CHAJIGES NECESSARY TO II I'LEIlEHT REV InpORT PR I OR ITY SCHEDULE B01H PERMANENT SECRETAR Its COIIF IRI1fO THAl lH£ GRAIN IIARKETING RHCRK VIIICH PRESIOtHT nOI TOLD THE AI1BASSADOR liAS REA Df IN IIAY HAS BEEH REJECTED BY CABINET tHE REf OR PACKAGE Will NOT BE RESU911ITTED TO CABIUET UNTil S PTEnBER S I AlSO HAVE REPORTED OU Olff£RIHG OCCASIONS l'lMITED OFFICIAl USE' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 UejJf rtl1 zent PAGt 01 NAIRoa lit 93 or 86 U61 mUll AtTI OH 5P-02 INFO I O T-OI aulli JUX COPY-81 ADs·eo 83 SSO-8S £S-SI oj 188 II 1$1 ---------------- -1mn WU$l Fn Ens S$T UIR081 TO SEC$TATt IIASHOC IMEDIATE 7291 LlNI JEO OfFlCI l USE SECT 1011 B3 Dr 86 liAI OBI 1l3H DISSUT CHANNEL 7 IN ORDER fOR ESF 01IEY 10 BE DISBURSED 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nAllE liAS ClUR THAT THf GO HAll VIOUT£O ITS PlUB COMITIt IIT TO REoUEST PERnlSSIOH eEfORE XPORUIIG 'NY REPEAT nAllE REGAI DLE S or ORIGIN OUR EOUEST rOR CIARIF ICATlOH fOR UAIIIHATIor or GOK RECOROS lAS nET VI TH OISOAIII 'THE mear IC PrRftlSSIDN FROII THE tHAIRMI Of THE CeREALS AND PRODUCE BOARD IA SO THE fOIl CA1IIHtT ArrAIRS jo XAlIIII IIAKEHOUSr' RECORDS HAS STILI 1101 BtEH REcE I VED THt GOK CERTAIHl Y HAS TAKEN Nr L UDASIE ACTIONS I rHe PAST NINt 1I0H1R$ HOI tVER All SUCH DtCISjO $ litRE lAKEN AS A AlSlIL T or IRRESISTASIE PRESSURE OEVALUATlON HIGHER INTCREST RUES CU IAILEO GOVCRllnENT SPEHDINr m I R THt RESULT Of IHE 1M SIAI DBY AGREEnEHT IR CASES WERE lt s PRESSURE HAS Xf SlED fRan THE tiS AND THE IBr D -' LlIlLE tiAS BE H A COM 'LI$HED VCN UMDER THC fUHQ PROGRA NO REAL InPROVEIt HIS HAYE Btu lADE IN THE GON'S ABltlTY 10 EHECTIVEU n I Il lit ALSO HAVE STRESSED IN THt 'AST THAT THE GOK lUST IAXE' STEPS TO COlII'l Y IIITH rHe IBRD SfRuerUUL ADJUSTIIUr PHOGGAn THAT COI DITION HAS IS NOTro ABOVE BEEN PROGRESSI VEL Y I AKENED CHAHCES THAT IHE GOK IIILL COIII'LY ALSO HAVE lESSENED TilE P$ IN TREASURY TOLD £CCflCDUIISElOR ON JUNE C lHAT ME liAS YERr fORRIED BEtAU E THE GDK OlD HOT HAVE AN IHHSTftEHT PUN RUDr fOR FY naJ H I ORlD BANX OFFICER DHI INC S HDHD TKt SA £ IN A tOnvERSUI'N THt SAnE OAT 'TNOnAS ALSO lIoTtD lH r iHt GON HAO REfUseO EVEH 10 DISCU $ GRAtH IlARXETfHG VITH THC IBRO TE EUI1IHIHG GO tDnPLlAHCE VITH STRUclURAL ADJunnENT CONDITIONS SAVIN OHLY THt PS rOR CABINE AF fRS COULD DISCUSS THC ISSUE PS rOR PL'HIIING 1010 CeCH COUNSELOR ON JUNe 22 THAT IHE Gilalll nA lflhG R£Yf SIOHS ExPt CTED IT 'THE £ HA AHD SUmcEr MIT E0 OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 IllE GRAM Nil ROB PAGE 81 e4 or e 193 4 28 U2f $ Act 1011 Sf-Ob INfO OCT-91 COpy·RI ADS·OO SSO·SO ES·SI ID9 I ·····-··········-332710 2£1ml m J8 o 2114121 JUN 83 Fn AIIElIBtSST NAIROBI TO SEC STATE ISHDC InntDIAI nC6 LI ITED OHICIA USE SECTIOH 04 01 SSEN or 06 NAIROBI 19374 CH HN l AOHIHISTU A BUDGET OR TO nAlNTAIN ACCOUNTABILITY OVER CORRUPT AND INEHICIENT OFFICIALS I DOES THE GOI · RtAH Y NtED U DOl 21 IIILLION FROII THE U S BtfORt JUNt 311l lit HIVE OBTAINED THE UnST GOK PROJ CTIOK fOR KFY U 8l rUDGET OUTCOIlf THIS PROJECTlO SHOIIS • REASONABLE CHAliCE THAI KENYA lAY 8E mE TO SUY VUHIII IIIr tElL IfiGS fOR JUNE o HOIltVER A NUIIBER OF liEns COULD veLL HAV BEEH fUDG O I Vill NOT KNDII THE OUTcon U L' IItLl AlTER IHE IIII' TUn conES TO KENYA FOR FORnAL VALUAfIOIl IN IO·JULY TN NUIIBERS Gl yeN HERE ARE tURR NT FOR JUNE 18 16 LATtSI FIGURES HO l RECUJiRtHT REVENUE DOIIH BY ABOUT KSH m IIllL ION AGAINST PROJECTlOII$ lADE III AFRU mum 81 THE PRIIIARY CAUSE rOR THE DROP IS A SHORTfAll IN OOIiOR GRANTS OF son KSH H2 IIILlION lJ4 IIILLI N or THAT 10TAL IS lHE RESUlT or CALCULATING OH ONLY USOOI 10 UlL ION ESf FRon THE US THE REIIAI ING l$8 IIILlIOH IS DUE TO THt SHORTFAllS FROn DOli DRS IIHICH I SUGGESTED IN REFTn IN FACT TNE KfNYAII$ HAD ONLY 1 6 nlUIDN AcrUAL T IN HAHD AS or fND nAr so THE SHORTfALL COUlO BE OVER 299 nllL 10 LARGER ORDINARY REVEHUE' IS KOIlIVER SOliE K H U6 n1ll1011 lA GER THAN P OJECI£O IN nAY ACCORDIHG TO OUR COIHACTS THE PERII4HEHT SECRETARY IH TREASURY HAS BEtH CALLING IN THE'VARIOUS connlSSIOIiERS or REVEHUE IIHI£RNAl CUS10IIS AND lCI St ETC lAUD OE AIlO IHG ITEn BY ITtIl ACCOUNT IHG INA5 1UCH AS lANY TRtlSURY orriClALS SIT ON SOAROS OF PARASlAIA1S AHD PRIVATE rlRIIS liDS 1 ARGE ARREJIRS ARE KHOIIH TO $OIlEOH£ IN TREASURY HAS rHUS SEEN VERY HARD rORTHt COlin I S5 'OHrRS TO fUDGE OR SUSPENO PAYII£NTS LIIIlE nORE RE IA HS TO 8E IUEO FROII THAT COV HOI YrR SO IT IIDQtD NOT Bt SURPRISING If TOtAL RECURRENT REVENUE fALLS SHORT at THE tROJECTION IF THE rUll Esr'USDOL 21 'UION IS TRAH5FURED HOI EVfR THt GOK PROBABLY CAN RElllU THE fULL KSH 11 128 lILLION PROJECTED AS RECURRENT REVEnUE lH GOK ALSO HAS SHH DOING 6ETTER THAN EXPECTED ON HOlDING DOIIH RECURR 1I1 SPENOIHG A SAVINGS Of KSH UO lULL 10H 1$ NOV ExrCClfO VIS' VIS THE APR It PROJECTION PQRT Of IHIS IS DUE TO SlnPH FUDGING fAI UR£' TO PlY COlllRAerS DUE £lC SUI sonE CTUAL SAVINGS NAVE BtEN RECORDED THIS SUCCESS ON THE RrcURRENT SIDE HAS KOI VER HCDUR G O THE GO 10 DECIDE TO UNDERTAKE SOli 115M 100 'LLIOK nO E IN SPENOING O DEVElOp tH 'IHAN VAS PLA NED THUS TOTAL ExPENDITURE 1$ ONLY SH 280 IILION LOllER lHAN PROJECHO IN APRJ L THE Goa Al SO HAS REV ISED UpliARDS THt · ADJUSTII HT· ENIRl TH IS REPR IIT$' IHE PAY ASTtR GENERAL'S ACtU l OPERATING lCCOUHT AND IS REAIU BUOHD TNE GOh ABH ITY 10 rOR tA$T •• IT ALSO REPREntlTS tPENDIHG 8Y IIIKISIRIES IN mESS or BUDGEIED LIIIITS AIIIHcmSE lAn ITED IIIILION COUll BE AN IMOleniON OF REAL tROUBLE HE TOTAL DHICI IS SOlIE KSK 615 nlLlIOll nORE TUN '5 PROJ cT£D I APRil AMP SOli 133 lILLION 11M THAH CALLED r OR BY THE II1F ROGRAII Tilt 1I1N1AHS HOPE TO r I_AlICE IB I S LAR ER DEr ICIT 'ARTL' 8 AN INetEAsE III FOG IGM f IHANCING VEN AT TH Lt RG£R AnOUNT PROJECTED THEY VILL 'SHU B SOli til lH IIILL 1011 BELOV THE AftOUNT UPECTEO IIHEN TtE If PROGRAn VAS SU ur' IN OEC£nBEA ND nAY ' GURU oULO I DItAI THAl THt GOK DOCS HAve A RIAL CHAHcr or R llIIIMG lHE FULL Sun 11011 PROJECTED A FuRThER SUSSTANIIAL SAVING US BEEN RUlIZED 8' A REDUCTiOn IN R ·PAYII£HTS TO DOMOR OF ABOUT KtH 16D lILlIOII OVER IHE APRIL P'ROJECrJON It E GOX AlSO pLlHS NOli TO All SE URE f IN4NClHG FROIl O ll1 SIIC SOUReES A iOTAl or ABOUT K$lI 161 n 1I101l •• O E Of THAT TOIAl VILL BE DRlIIH fRon TFtASURr ILLS- AIIO STOCKS SUT TSE GOK 'lAII$ IilSO 10 DRAW SOIlf IfP IIllllON ORE fRon THE eI HKIH SEtTOR IHAH IS PERnlfTtD UHOEI IHE I IF P CGRA1 SO FAR THE TREASURY HAS BtEN ABU TO CClHVIHCC TREASURY BILL HOLDERS TO ROLL OVfR THEIR BILLS AlID HPT THE MOUHT OF REPUIlfHTS AT I RElATlYEl Y lOV lEYEl THn NOV PROJECT 'O 'l Y KSH JU Ill ION FOR THE FISCAL TEAR' AN INCRUS I A AILArlE FINAHClNG OF SOIl£ UK U ILlIDN GOK EXPERTS Ai SO STILL HOPE TO HOLD fIHA CING OF rHE CEREALS AIIO SUGAlI flNANct CORPORATION UNDER IHE KSH ill HILL 1011 NOli PROJECTED TNE GOX AlSO Hns BEEN EURT ING COIISIDERABLf rR $SURE O 801K PARISIAIAl AIIO PRIVATE fIR S 10 REDUCE BI HK DEPOSITS IN FAVOR or TREASURY BILLS Itt ARE AVARE IIIAT IN rHE PAST f V OIlTHS BAl KERS OFF ICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S 6epartment of State Ca e No F-2016-07743 DoeNo C06476743 Date '01i11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 V 1 arll71e111 PAGE DI • lAIRDS ACTION SP-In UJH en or 0 COPY-OI 4DS'00 SSO-OD S'81 1006 V ••••••• ···-- ··132170 28 $0% lSI o 281UlZ JUH 83 F nEIlBASSY NAIROBI TO SEeSTAlE lASH DC IMEDIATE 7l L IHIlED OFfiCIAl USE S mOH os or 06 HAIRODI 1S114 DISSENI CH4IINfL TRUST AHD IRVING HAve OFHRU THE GOK SHORT TiRn CREDITS AGAINST lIlT ESF AHO OR IBRD ONEY THDS CREDIIS oulD NoT RtPEU HOI fAll UHotA IH£ IIIr EUROCURRENCT RfSTRIClIOH B CAUSE IHEY 1I0UlD BE LESS THAN OME YUR IIATUR I Y OTHER UROPEAII BAIIXS IiJID rHr f l RST HAT I DNAL BANK or CHICAGO REPORTEOLY HAVE nAOE SlnllAR orFERS ALTHOUGH I C lIINOT conrlRn THOS£ SIORIES If CAN COHF I H HO lfVER IHAT THE GOX HAS TURNED DOIII AlL OffERS IT 1I0UL 0 APPEAR THAT IT IIOUlD 8E HTlRtL Y POSSIBLE FOR THC GOK TO HElP TIOE ITSELf OVER liS IIV EDIAI£ DlrFlCUlT' ES VIA saORT TER BORROIiING ABROAD IN rA T THERt LS NO REASON T GOK SHOULD NOT BEAR PARI Oi IHE COST Of SHORT TERn AIIJUSTHENI ESP CI AllY I NAsnUCH AS HOST or THE PROBLEns II FACts ARE or ITS OliN ftAKING 17 OUR tESI GUESS AT THIS TIll IS TH4T THE GOK HAS SL I GNll'T SHIER IH H A DliD CHANCE r REDUt HG THE 10TAl DEFICIT OR AT lEAST 10TAL BORROUIIIG FRon IHt IANKING SECIOR BY ENOUGH TO SUY VITHIH fUND CEIL INGS LEFIIAT roR fUDGING ON COHTRA ANI OTHER p Yn NIS VAS PR08ASL Y RATHER LUIIT D ' N JUNE eUT II VIH STILL Bt POSSIBLE TO PAY VAGEs AND SALARIES IH JULY RATntR THAN LAlE JUNE IT IS JUST AS lIMEL' HOIlEVER THAr OOHO GRAHTS OHL Y IISK 1 6 lllliON AT ENO ftU IIIlL HOI INCR AS SnONe TKE KSH 913 lILLiaN PR JfClED ABOVE • EVEN VI TH A FULL TRANSFER OF £SF ' lOH£1 ORCOYER THE IIIF COULD RErust TO ACCEPT SO E OF THE GAlIE HOV BElHG PlATED BY THE OK FOR EXAItPU EE ONEY ONL 'I AR UND XSH 4$ lILLIaN IS S£ ING CARRIEO 1M OOHOR GRANT R£YEIIUE EVEH THOUGH EVERYONE CONCERNED HOIIS THAT All SUCH REVENUE vm ACYUAll Y SIItPLY 8£ PliO DIRECTlY TO HRII RS lIE PROBABLY VILL NOT HAVE £YEn AN IHC I lA1I0N AS TO THt OUICDIIE OF THE GOX mORI TO 11m FUND cRIT£RIA UNTil' lfLL AilEi THt FUHD TUn ARRIVES IN IIID·JULY IT VDUlO C QUINL Y BE lueORRECI 10 SM THAI A DECISION NOT TO DISBURSE THE FUll US OOl 1B nIlLlO IIOULO CAUSE tHE GOK TO FAIL TO nrET I lr CONDIl ONS AHPLE OPPORluHI Tf HAS BEEH PResENT ro tNABI E IHE GOx TO TAKE TNE IIECESSARY 4CIION IN FACT IN THE fAct OF 8EP ATED VARHIHGS FROn BASi AnD USRlD OFfICIALS rHE GO HAS AS NOHO ABOVE ACTUALLY REDUCED THE AIIDUNT NOV PRDJ£CTCO rAGn IHE U S I THIS KCHYAW FISCAL VEAA TO ONLY USDOI ID IIIlLIOH £ IF NOT VI Vlll HIVE R lNFORCtD THE EII'AH eUlEr tHAT TIt us IIIlL BPH OUT TH 1101 GOvlRNnUt NO lATTER HD BADL Y H41 GOVfRHn HT puro PA£SIDlur HOI MOC IT CLEAR 10 THE AJl8As aOOR III AY THAT HE INHHO D TO APpeAL to tHE USG all ' lIT lUI GROUnOS A O 114$ DilLY alnUAGED FRan WING IKr POLITICAl APPROACH HIS SOlE GROUlID$ FOR API AL BY IHE P$ FOR CASIAt1 IIF I $ 'HE u'SG lRUDI HIS GlVtN IH GOK A SIGNAl IHAT HfCC 101 FUln Live UP TO ITS COMI TIIEN1$ n OISBURtlNG 'USDDL 1O 1·IIILL ION IR 1912 TO REpEAT rHIT AUlOIi NOV IlUULD COMf IAn IHE 60 BEliEf IHIT 0111 nOlllY IS AVAILABLE FDA THt IS IIIG ON rOL IlIUl NOI £COUDlnc GROONDS lilt POLICY OIUOGIIE VIH BE A oraD ISSUE us un 1I0T DISSURsr SF KOHEY AT 'HIS IF A POL I TI CAl GESTURt IS NECESSARY USDOL 18 nfLlIOK ONl Y SHOULD I ·OISBURSED VEil II THE Inr STAIIOBY AGRE II£NT 1$ LOsr AS A RESUlT ' VI nusl Al All co m DEnOHSTRAfE 10 IHE H UNS IHAT 1I J RELATIOHSHIP 11TH 'HE U S DEPENDS OK RESI ON51 BLf BEHAVIOR ANY 01HCR COUR r Vlll BE AS lUCK A DISSERVICE TO IHE KEiIYAJI$ A$ TO THE U S U IH TI E KENYA BUOC£ ry 8Ull UllllIOH 'or KENYA SKILLINGS lIlT IPRll LATEST PROG 1101· OJ· UU 83 Eet lOti CTIOK I REcUmNI REVENUE ID GRA T nue 17$46 11220 U I $ IT POSSIBLE TO OEL I VER sr nOHEY NOV IN THE HOPES THAT USDOL 15 1LIIC Hf 'l FISCAl YeAR $OIl HO 1I111 BRING ABOUI THE CHAN ES Mal APPARCHT IHIS YeAR II 1$ HARD 10 IIIAGIHE HOV lIE COULD HAvr rlORE ltVERAGE fHAN VI HAVE MAD O Ea THt fAST FEll nourHS Htw IHE GOK H_S SUN TRTlMG orTEN Dupca_uu 10 r 1110 A VAY or C£JAIHIHG THE I F Sl4HDay AGRE lItNr VI N O 10 STAHD I tLttiKArn nuuz· INFO OCT-SI OJ JlG le rJRrlM ITED Om uND R lIlT fROG • 2328 I 0FFIG I Al USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 U lJar 1ne71t PAGE 01 ACTION SP-02 INFO NAIROS OCT-GI 19374 OJ 06 OF 36 COPY-Gl 'AOS-00 tate 281445Z SSO-'''' 2814222 JUN 83 FM AMEMBASSY NAIROBI TO SECSTATE WASHoe IMMEDIaTE 7208 LIMI ED DFFICIA AIRaaI USE SECTION 06 9F 06 '5987 E -Ol -----------r-----333D35 o IELEGRAM 006 W 2 1 50Z 52 38 19374 DIS ENT CHANNEL A· RECURRENT REVENUE S FOREIGN GRANTS - J CASH GRANTS 17970 157 0 15981 1565 1175 16247 973 583 - 1123 591 23478 20496 20216 3262 16180 15729 152 9 11459 11508 11120 3085 3085 249'3 7298 4767 49 '7 I I SIll 11 EXPENDI TURE AND NET LENDING A RECURRENT EXPENDlTURE -I NET ISSUES RECURRENT -6 CONS01 IDATED FUND SERVo B DEVELOPMENT EXPENDITURE IV AO' USTMENT - REV 0 EXP -278 V OVERALL DEFICIT -36U PERCENT OF GOP 4 7' 8' - 2331 -224 -797 -3174 4 4' -3793 4 91 133 31·74 3793 519 I 133 2891' 394 -1668 1499 3007 600 -1508 204 1 1010 6515 2294 1129 660 746 438 1025 1025 389 - 1165 VI FINANCING 3660 A FOREIGN FINANCING NETI 1850 -I DRAWl NGS GROSS 3518 -AI CASH LOANS 7 80' -2 REPAYMENTS -1668 a JDOME STl C F tNANCING ' NETI 1810 - I NON-BANK 785 -II STOCK ISSUES 1800 -III TREASURY 6ILLS 378 REPAYMENTS -1433 -2 6ANK AND CSFC 1025 A BANKING SYSTEM 1025 BICSFC 0 931 - 1508 818 - 133 1415 HARROP LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476743 Date 01 11 2018 co 6415461 IED U S Departm nt of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415461 Date 10 11 2017 ' RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPA RTM ENT OF STATE AG NCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DE VELOPMENT WASHINGTON D C 2 S2J MEMORANDUM To May 4 1977 O Theodore 1oran Policy Planning Staff From I 86 '- -1- ------I Subject Attached Cable and Supportll IIL A S ctor Analysis Activities Attached for your information is the subject cable and my April 21 memo to Mary Ann Casey I assume that at the appropriate moment I will be given the opportunity to communicate my views concerning rlhat I perceive to be errors oversights and inconsistencies in the statement of rationale mode of implementation ll and other parts of the cable particularly with respect to their bearing on the immediate and long-range issues of my April 11 1977 Dissen Channel memorandum cc Mary Ann Casey UNCLASSIFIED U S Departm t of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415461 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472906 Date 01 11 2018 1 LJ 'f t II f n I I w lhln 'l' O' t 2 20 ff d I COliPIBElN'lI'AL February 3 1975 ' 86 I Chief Bangkok Operations Office' USAJ D Laos Dear 1 L _ _ _ _---'1 86 I am writing at the request f the Secretary in response to your letter of'December 3 to him in which you expressed your dissenting views w th regard to US-Thai offici l relations t Your letter has been read with a great deal of interest Most of the comments and observations have received careful consideration there is no fundamental disagreement with your basic recommendations • Th e Department shares the view that negotiations with the Royal Thai Government RTG must be conducted in a business-like manner In this regard ·1 would like to emphasize we have never taken the position that unless we do everything the RTG wan s they will throw us ou't but in the conduct of our' relations with' Thailand it has been necessary on occasion to I recognize certain political and social realities which lexist and require an accommodating policy 1 i l O u r dealings with the Express Transport Organization ETO provide an illustrative example of the problems we confront in Thailand As you know ETO is a governmentsponsored operation with monopoly privileges in certain categories of land transportation including sole right to haul US Government freight Unfortunately we-have incurred extra costs as a result of our inability to ' contract with any ucking firm other than the ETO W do not like to pay these extra costs and have made our disapproval known to ·the RTG We have had to weigh the actual financial costswe incur against the potential pplitical and other costs which might be involved in seeking to force removal of ETO's excess charges To date the conclusion has been that the latter far exceeds the fo er However we will--without identifying the' source of our information--investigate the discrepancy which y'ou indicate exists between what USA1D Laos pays C9NFI9EN' PIAJ GDS I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C'06472906 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472906 Date 01 11 2018 ' - 1 '1· · - ' CONFIB13ti' PIM -2- and'what th us military pays ETO for the same service over the same route 'You may be sure that efforts will be undertak n to bring the latter into conformity with the USAID Laos rate if circumstances do warranb· such action You also mentioned as a second example of how to deal with the RTG the successful negotiations of US ID Laos in 9btaining a Thai waiver of its export premium and tax s on US shipments of 'Thai r pe in support of our program in Laos ' We agree that this is an' example of effective negotiation and we will call it to the Embassy's a ttention as a use ul precedent Again I wish' to thank you on the Secreta'ry' 5 behalf for your initiative in bringing these matters to our attention • It is thro ugh such actions that a stronger and more self-reliant foreign service can be created ' Sincerely 1 1- Winston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff ' CON'FI W l'JT 1M UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472906 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 Section 212 a 15'0£ the'INA Public Charges or the l'lorking Poor By The Department's airgram of S ptember 1 1973 entitled Determination of Public Charge was a valiant at empt to instill some objectivity into the nterpretation of Section 212 a 15 of the Immigration ·and Nationality Act INA Relying on Itcommon sense as had been urged by one Consul General had resulted in grossly different standards and efusal rates not only among posts in the same country but among officers at the same post with the prevailing interpretation reflecting too often the personal prejudice s and polit'ical philosophy of each office • Disagreement by JU11ior Officers with · hatever the prevailing view of the head of the visa section held hether liberal or conservative' resulted in negative sanctions in efficiency reports wr i tten by officers convinced that after twenty five years they 'ere the 1a in the area Veteran consulor officers tended to feel that the upstart changing the section I s refusal percentage - as either unreasonable on one hand or had no guts for enforcing the letter of the la on the other hand This situation must have given potential immigrants the first impression that the 'United States government was just like the government of the country they were eaving i rational and arbitrary Inthis situation any attempt at rationality and consistency had been overdue since the proliferation'of public assistance programs in the 1960's and hat follows is not meant to detract from the significance of the e fort made by the Visa Office ' 86 1 --_ _ _------ _ _ The September ls't airgram falls short in t o areas First it does not allow for any sort of special status for the spouses of American cit'izens a status which the drafting officer feels ' is constitutionally required by recent Supreme Court decisions Second the general income levels chosen are not related to any program which·would make a person a public charge by the e­ partment's own reasoning The privilegen position of the marital union has been recognized by the Supreme Court in the case of GriS '10ld v Connecticut 1 That case held that in placing restrictions on the use of birth control pills in a marital relationshi the state was infringing on a right of privacy older than the Bill of Rights I A though the case involved action by a State Govern ment it is obvious that the same right ould be held against the Federal Government in view of the invocation of the nin ame c­ ment and Justice Harl an' s description of the right as II ir lic ' t in the concept of ordered liberty In tl e case of an i - migrant •• 1 381 u s 479 1968 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 '---r separated ' from an American ci ti zen spouse on the basis of 212 a 15 of the INA the state of' marital pri acy is not only being interfered with it is being effectively·dest oyed The only way' the couple can ex rcise that right is for t 'e u s citizen to leave the United States The government must have an overwhelming interest in causing this separation and the prospect of losing a fe '1 dollars on we J fare would not provide that interest even to a conservative Supreme Court as shown by the position of Justice Harlan We tend to forget in the case of IR spouses that there is now another person involved an American citizen who according to one '1 vie l has li terally_ p ecome one flesh and one spirit · i th the rnrnigrant before us 2 The separat of spouses is the thing that unaerstandably causes most of the Congressional correspondence on visas It seems possible·that the Supreme CQurt would extend the Griswold rational to the spouses of resident aliens under the rational of Graham v Richardson J draham '1as a unanL1 ous decision holding that any classification based on alienage such as those'based on nationality or race was inherently' suspect thus indicating that any right given to alien spouses of American oi tizens ould have to be granted to alien S OUS s of resident aliens The specific holding of Graham was that a state could not deny welfare benefits to an alien on the basis of alienage or' even' place residence requirements on the time an alien had to be in the state • I· I Whether or not spouses of residen aliens were recognized as having a fundamental right to be in the United State-s certain classes of immigrants would remain who would not be given equity on the bas s of a spouse in the United Sta tes The rest of this paper is written on the assumption ·t-hat these imrnig ants '1ould be 'subject to the public charge provision 'of the INA • An attempt will be made to develop a sta Tldard -hich is more reasonable than the current Table W' interagency poverty guidelines being used ' Section 212 a 15 has remained the principal basis for refusing an immigrant visa in spite of the fact that the requirement of a Labor Certification under 2 12 a 14 'ha'S eliminated applicants without basic equity since 1965 1·10st • • 2During the past year the drafting officer was on Lt oP and consequently would not have had sufficient re Ources to eet the Schedule M income guideliQes·to bring an alien non-Englis speaking Olife into the U S an injustice 'hich s-eems to greatl outweigh the cos't of the public assistance v hich probably c1 l1C have been needed if that situation had existed 3403 U S 365 1971 ' ------------------------ ----- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 ' consular desi e to establish a'high potential income standard comes from 1 a feeling that an alien ''''ho is eligible for any kind of assistance is a public charge or from 2 an attempt to cut down on the number of illegals wl10 subsequently iromi-grate on the basis of a amily tie in the United States by refusing to let an immigrant return to the low paying job he held - hile in the United States i1legally The fir t attitude is' precluded by previous decisions of the VO as will be deve oped belm and the second attitude is a classic case of barn-' door closing post horse In the·· second approach the consular officer·may feel that the'family tie was established as part of a scheme to evade the requirement for a Labor Certification flthis can be proven the visa should of course be refused However the refusal must be made explicit on this basis not - as an underlying rational for setting a high income standard It has not 'been proven that setting high standards for ·212 a 15 has dis90uraged a single alien from crossing the border illegally Even if the idea of having a child or acquiring a spouse in the United States exists in the back of an alien1s mind the overwhelming'majority are not sophisticated enough in terms of our laws to think in terms of using that relationship to evade the public charge provisiqo and are simply coming looking for work The reality is that several million illegals cross our border every year that the proble ll r ill become orseas countries such as Mexico double their populations in the'next twenty ye rs and that the illegals will keep coming in an increasing flood as long as our borders are not physically sealed off and sanctions applied against employers 'lho hire the illegals Less than ten percent of the illegals entering every year acquire any sort of family tie in the United States Therefore even 1f this small percentage who show up at Consulates asking for IV's were totally shut out the flood crossing and recrossing the borders would still go on It is not rational perhaps not· constitutional f r cons lar offic rs to take out their justified o trage at illegal irr igra­ tion b usi g o e sction of the INA as a puni ive stick a med at a tJ ny mJ nor1ty of the actual malefactors Most IV applicants will present a legitimate job offer at the first inter view oiten to return to the pla ce -lhere they -lere emplor d illegally doing farm labor or a'shing dishes 4This is not to deny that closing off iliegal crossing completely -10uld greatly reduce the number of legal immigrants 2 3c1s of the applicants in a sample done at Ciudae Juarez in Nove er 1972 admitted having worked illegally in the U S • r f·the equity were established while in the U S illegally in every case and illegal irrmigration 'lere cut off entirely then presumably family equity would be estab ished only through legitimate intercourse across the border and legal immigration from Mexico would be cut by 2 3ds - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 ' When confronted by a consular request that they obtain a job offer paying them three dollars an hour rather than $ 1 90 an hour they will simply regard the request an another irrational demand of an unfeeling bureaucracy This is a situation they confronted in their native country and they didn't really expect much different from the American Consul No matter how many stories they heard about how tough it 'was ' to get ' working papers that hadn't stopped them from crossing the' border illegally the first time The prime object then ''las to work unlike the second time when they cross again in search of a better job offer I ' Obtainin-g'-a legitimate job offer to meet the Table M guidelines would be di ficult enough if the applicants were legally present in the united States and could go personally to the job site 'The first step will be to go bac k to the visa fixer who may be able to bribe someone in the personnel office of a company to write an employment letter at the appropriate salary Among one small sample of job offers which the Consulate in Ciudad Juarez investi gated two years ago ninety percent turned out to have been written without the knowledge of the person 'ho allegedly signed the letter These services of CQurse cost money w ich will· drive the applicants further 'into debt before they immigrate If they cannot immediately obtain a letter they will probably cross ' into the United States again in search of a better job offer or to earn money to pay the visa fixer In addition to asking for a high job offer one consular officer of long experience in Mexico was in the habit of asking that the job offer be accompanied by an IRS-943 the employer's business income tax form ostensibly o see that the applicant was being offered at least as much as half of the other employees were making and to check the job turn-o er at the firm Since ·most firms wish o protect the confidentiality of these forms this constituted another block in the a iensl path which usually blocked the issuance of a visa for six months or a year When i was pointed out that this ould only encourage fraud and drive the United States resident members of the family onto welfare in the absenc of the breadwinner the officer described the process as lIa • per game This thesis is an attempt to stop nplaying pil ar games with people 1 s lives· and de 7elop public charge standards 'lhich both serve the legitimate inte-r'ests of the United States Government and are fair to he immigrant The system ''lould have reached the height of its absurdity in operation if not in theory had the Department ruled that repipients of food stamps were public charges - Food stamps or surplus commodities are given in every county in the United States and fifty million Americans are cu rently eligible to' receive them because the income standaras are set so high UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 The use of the food stamp net income guidelines as the' public' charge threshold would possibly huve re ulted in ninety percent first' interview refusal rate at a pos like Ciudad Juarez if ·the standards were applied r i gorously and honestly by the interviewing officers It is clear that such a refusal rate would lead to the collapse of a post's immigrant visa processing function ' because of·the number of'J epeat interviews generated a flood of Congressional correspondence and visits by irate relatives • 'Some officers have felt that tile law must be enforced nq matter 'lhat and may in fact have been aiming for the ty e of crisis confrontation depicted above as a means 'of arawing attention to the illegal alien problem It is possible that the courts would find the above process so unreasonable that they would establish their own definitions of upublic charge A' more certain result -lould· be Congressional action e'ithe on a formal or informal level to initiate new guidelines The Department has already shown an inclination to instill some fcl irness and concepts of due process into the interview process even·though it recognizes that aliens outside the United Stutes have'no rights under the united states Constitution The 'new requirements for finding inelgibl li ty UIIGU 212 Ca ' 19 false documents issued in the fall of 1972 and the Department's airgram of May 18 i973 to all Mexican posts concerning Aid to Families l'1ith Dependent Childt en AFOe and Old Age Assistance pOint the way out of our dilemma Under the AFDC program if the breadwinner is separated from'a family with children ·the f tmilY regeives MOC welfare payments in all states and is automatically eligible for ood stamps Twenty-five states pay welfare AFDC even to ur ited families ''lith Unemployed breadearners The result is that 'keeping an alien with natural or step-children separated from his family costs the government more money in twenty-five states than if he were admitted and did not work at all as the reunifica ion of the family would make the family ineligible for welfare int enty-five states no matter how low its income The only universal income supplement' program available is e Food stamp program The Department's May lath airgrarn sug ests that if the alien is going to one of the states where re fi- cation of the family would make it ineligible for'AFOC the visa should be issued if the applicant has a job offer s fi­ cient to support himself without regard for capability of 5UP- porting the family The Department ha's thus moved towards establishing a d finition of public charge that dpes not regard someone who is working as a public charge eve though 'he is working at a sub-poverty level income when family si ze is con- sidered - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 Seen in this light 'the Department's holding that'reeipients of AFDC are public charges while recipient of food stamps are not is not reasonable • Since the Department id not adopt the actual AFDC income guidel'ines which are'much higher than the Table·M poverty guidelines actuaily adopted it has indicated that it is not going to engage in the confrontation scenario of ninety percent refusal rates In view of the holding that recipients of food stamps and pub1ic r ousihg or rent supplements a e not public charges it is not logic l to call recipients of AFDC who liken se get federal money for food and housing public charges The money is coming out of 1j he Federal Treasury in both cases imply under programs • ·i th a ·differept narne It would seem that· n AFDC recipient s ould 'be regarded as a public charge only if he did not·have su icie income to meet needs other than those for his housing and 0 00 This would entail setting public charge guidelines much l wer than those in Table l-1 ' ' ' ' ' The May 18th 1973 Airgrarn also dealt with the probl of Old Age Assistance I had 'pointed out· in my airgra i of January 31 1973 that persons over sixty-five were eligible for Old Age As'sistance no matter '''hat the income of the'ir sponsors if they themselves did not have an income of at least one hundred thirty dollars a month Thus' nearly every elderly person joining his children in the united States is eligi le ' for Old Age Assistance even if the sponsors a· r e millionaires as relatives' income is not considered as part of the applicants resources Rather than making the impossible decision to completely cut off immigration of non-rich elderly people the Visa Office agreed with my suggestion that we simply analyze the total situation and determine the liklihood of the immigrant making an application 'for welfare · and ot simply reje¢t him becuase he would be eligible for aid • From these t o decisions'it is possible to see two'p inciple emerging One is that a person is not a public charge if he is receiving aid for his housing and food but is working n attempt to provide himself with his other needs and as mcch of his subsisten'ce needs as possible 'The second is that enm in the face of theoretical elgibility for a progra which has been designated as a public charge program the consular of ice must feel that the alien will actually make application fer such' 'a program The problem in setting income standards is he to set standard s which will not keep out an alien simply beca se he will theoretically be eligible for aid for that ropo ion of his income which will be alloted to housin and food The Table lot Interagency guidelines the Depar·tment has acoptec represent a total standard of poverty' hieh can be relate i in a rough w y to elig bility for most of the f deral assistance ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 - - - ---- programs However they act to exclude people who in fact will not rece ive any aid which would make them public charges An example would be a l-lexican family of four with an· income' of $3 328 a year They ould be able t'O fulfill their food needs through the food stamp program and pay th rent thro gh rent subsidies thus not getting any aid from u'program which made them public charges under the -Visa Office r S o 'in decisions If they were in a state hich found it more feasible to pay • them out of federal funds under the AFDC program it would not' be consisten't to say that receipt 'of money for their food and 'housing would make them public charges i 'The Departme t I s ational for adof ting Table' M as a gui'deline is based on 'the popular idea that the elfare 'field is hopelessly complicated and that it would take a qualified social worker to determine welfare 'eligibility on a jurisdiction to 'j urisdiction bas is HOl ever the Table '1 guidelines'result in the exclusion of immigrants who are going to live in povertx in the United States 'not 'people vho are going to be public charges While the major judicial decisions of the last fi'fty years are inconclusive as to tho is a public charge under the immigration la vs they cannot possibly be used to justify excluding immigrants vho are going to be poor for several years after they enter ' Such a policy goes against the entire history of immigration in the United States and hat must have been the legitimate interests in the framers of the Immigration and Nationality Act when they inse ted Section 212 a 15 in the Act Further as argued here such a position is not logically required even by the internal logic of 'the Visa Office's recent decisions As shown in the table below most of a family's APDC monQY'could be expected to go for food and housing items which the Labor Department says should take up 50 percent 'of the total budget of a family of four with an $8 181 gross annual income I Summary of annual budget for an urban amily of fourS' Total Faml 'I consumption 6 580 % of Total Budget Food 2 440 30 Housillg 1 627 20 Transportation 563 7 Clothing 696 ' ' '- 8 '_0 2 Personal Care 205 ' ' ' - Medical Clare '660 ' 8 Other consumption 389 '5· Entertainment etc Other Items Savings etc 385 5 Taxes 1 216 Social Security 492 6 ' 724 9 Income Tax Total Budget $'8 181 %1-00 5Adapted from Table A of U S Deportment of· Labor USDL 74-304 Aut l IDJl J U ' n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 ' 8 • Food and housing comprise sixty two percent 0f the consumption budget that which is available for spending after taxes savings and other similar items which are minimal or nonexistent for the newly immigrated family In addition the budget includes allowances fo 'savings gifts ife insurance membership in group hospital and urgical plans ·and a n ber of trips to doet9rs and dentists Since these expenses are •• also minimized by immigrants it is apparent that easily over • eighty percent of the budget of our typical poverty level immigrant may be used for food and lqdging items which are provided in non-public charge programs For the sake of discussion however I will assume that- 'fifty perce'nt of the tota'l 'budget of any size family in any geogJ aphd c ·a rea will go for food and lodging · The following table is an adaption pf' the Table M figures currently being used sho '1ing how much money different size families would have to earn to keep off AFDC to fill needs 1hieh they could not fill through food stamps or rent supplements 6 Excluding food or hOAsing needs the threshold for AFDC is fifty percent pf the poverty threshold Poverty Threshold Size of family Nonfarm %50 Farm ·1 $2 244 1122 1900 ·950 2 2 896 1448 2442 1221· 3 3 552 1776 3020 1510 4 4 5 O 2275 3880 1·940· 5 5 368 2684· '4575 2287 6 6 038 3019 5157 2578 7 7 426 3713 6310 3160 %50 The minlmum ''1ag'e for industrial labor is now $2 00 an hour $4 160 per annum for service workers $1 90 $3 95·2 per annum and for farm labor 1 60 $3328 per ann It would thus be virtually impossible for an emplo 'er to make a legal full time job offer that would not co er the fifty percent of an immigrant's income that could potentially be covered by AFDC or state supplemental benefits ·Ho ever it is entirely likely that use of the full Table M guidelines without· the suggested fifty percent deduction - 'fill result in large numbers of n on-English speaking imrqigrants with ' 6Adapted and weighted with a ten percent co·s't of living increase from Department of Commerce pub 60 no 86 ' Current Population 'Reports Series Consumer' Income Characteris·tics o £ Low Income popula tion Table M UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 i I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 no1crD 'c si o families having their leg timate wor v · at the rr rd mum wage t ejected The arg ment for using the Table M guidelines is that unc or the F deral plans of Aid to Famili es with D ependsn tCrd 1c r r an l Aid to the Aged Blind or Disabled each state has tr o dO 1ally had power to decide ho was eligible for the prog'c 1r '$ rand ho much aid each person lould get In ad i tion t cach sta te has its O '1n General Assistance welfare ' ograms to supplement the federal p ograms and these proc P lns 1 UV different eligibility standards Using one national pov r y guicl line is therefore seen as a means of avoiding hc vi r g cc n' - x public charge thresholds for each of the states ' moelA 212 d 15 This problem as to aid to- the aged blind ' nd 'ii lJled has been resolved because since January 1974 thase p ' Or t · • s have been absorbed into a new Federally adrltid'il 'f d t ogram called Supp lementa l Security Income Jp' cr l ·'l C t 19 only significant difference af ecting 212 a l l J r v ng z ct e·standards is the requirement in t enty-five ' -I S I atef -h the breadwinner abandon the family before the f2 i lily i5 lgible for cash payments and the Visa Office hn J C1J a dy G oken t0 th'is issue in its May lS 1973 airgram tu all · a dc n posts 7 ' The ol'c lem then remains as to the State General Assistance the 'Federal governre9ard to State spl te of the co ­ licutior s i he Visa Office should develop separate public cr ars Iuic1 e Hnes for each of the States After all we no' t tc more to live 'in Ne -1 York City than in a Texas l o d r ' o 'n as a ucommuter alien However we are spared thi prob e n by t olO gene alizations which can be made abo'ut the Sta esl ograms 'The first is-that the State prog ams i rc sup ler mtal to the· Federal programs Aid under the nonf dcl'Q y s'J orted General ssistance Programs comprised only 3 6 ferc nt 0' the total for public assistance given in J muary l i7·J Second in every case the incom standards' are thp z e ore restricted than t ose of· the I ederally funded rograms Di ferences seem to come mainly n the payment of 'l1I J5 cc l cos s or in the evaluation of owned property These c oeptions C l l be handled on an individual basis under the vi Of f cn·s guidelines on rebuttable presumpti'onsll'of weltate eJ lgi' i lity • PJ Og' d ' 5 - i ssuming that 212 a 15 requires r t to d fin it immigration policies with ' l lf41re progr'-lms it can be argued that in 'As iar s t drafting officer -knows this airgram ' requiring the o ficer to inquire as to which state system the irr rnigrant zubj ct was only sent to Nexican posts If his sug- gestions h d merit as stated in ·the Airgram these instructions should be SQ t to all consular posts along with appropriate inform tion to imolement them SG aham 403 U S 36S 19 71 stated'that the State'la s conflicte' 'Y1ith 'bvorricbg national polic es in an ar ea onstitl ltionaily e ' ' ··trusted to tohe Federal Government II State all en resJ dency requ e mcnts cncrC'Q h upon exclusive fegeral pO 'ler This holdlng mal an log 0 iminate the cons deratlon of purely state progr m5 u u€ CO lstlla 'to lld 1 ·3 '12 i lSI __ t I - • 1 · - - - - • - - - '- · - •• 'i • _ JI'f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 moderate size families h ving their at the minimum wage ejected I I le9 timate work offers The argument for using the Table M guidelines lis that under the Federal plans of Aid to Famili s with D pendent· Children and Aid to the Aged Blind or Disabled' each state has traditionally had power to decide who was eligible for the programs and ho much aid each person 'lould get In addition each state has its O '1n General Assistance welfare ' ' programs to supplement the federal programs and these pro grams have different eligibility standards Using one national poverty guideline is therefore seen as a means of avoiding having complex public charge thresholds for each of the states under 212 a 15 This problem as to aid to-the aged blind and disabl·ed has been resolved because since January 1974 these programs have been absorbed into a new Federally administered program called Supplemental Security Income Under AFDC the only significant difference af e ting 212 a ·15 among state standards is the requirement in t 'lenty-five states that the breadwinner abandon the family before the family is eligible for cash payments and the Visa Office has already spoken to this issue in its May 18 1973 airgram to all Mexica posts 7 The problem then remains as to the State General Assistance programs Assuming that 212 a 15 requires the'Federal government' to define it immigration policies with re ard to State welfare programs it can be argued that in sp1te of the complications the Visa Office should develop separate public charge guidelines for each of the States After all we know it takes more to live 'in Ne York city than in a Texas 'border town as a '''commuter alien However we are spared this problem by 'b o generalizations which can be made about the States' programs 'The first is that the State programs are supplemental to the Federal programs Aid under the non F-ederally supported General ssistance Programs comprised only 3 6 pe r cent of the tot'al for public assistance given in 'January 1974 Second in every case the incom standards'are the same or more restricted than those of ' the I ederally funded programs Differences seem to come mainly in the payment of medical costs or in the evaluation of owned' property These exception can be handled on an individual basis under the Visa Office's guidelines on rebuttable presumptions' of welfare eligibility • 7As far as the drafting officer ·knm rs this airgram ' requiring ·the consular officer to inquire as to which state system the i igrant would be subject was only sent to Hexican posts If his st 1g-' ' gestions had merit as stated in·the Airgram these instructions should be sent to ll consular posts along with appropriate information to imolement them ' 8G aham '403 ·U S 365 19 71 stated that the State'la ·is conflicteci with 'bverriding national polic i es in an ar ca constit' ltionally ery 'trusted to the Fedel'al Government II State alien res1dency requl eme'nts encroach upon eX'elusive federal pO 'ler This hold'1ng may r 'analogy eliminate the consideration of purely state progr ms un er l2 fa 15 - ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-20 l6-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 10 ' Once we have escaped from' the neqessity of mechanically applying the eligibility standards under AFDC'and General Assistance our analysis can be framed in the context of an alien's contribution to our society versu the cost of having him here ·A full time' agricultural 'lorker with a job offer at the minimum of $'3 328 p a and three dependents will make a contribution to our society that outloleighs the'fact that he may buy low cost food with food stamps or that a few _ liberal states such as Ne York or California may · 'supplement j p income ·out of ·state ··funds so -he -can play his ' r-ent -Such 'People ought not to be cons idered public charges anymore than the wido on her 5 ocia1 Security pension When one looks at the big picture such a ruling seems 'totally inconsistent with our history and national spirit The reunification of families and their work 'contribution to our society outweigh the cost'of'supp1ementjng their incomes as they adjust to this country Other countries such as Australia and Sweden make nearly total support payments to the' new immigrant This is not an 'argument that we shpuld abandon 212 a 15 but that we should not get hung up on technicalities of saying that someone who buys his food with Food Stamps is not a public charge while someone who buys his groceries with AFDC cash is a public charge when the money comes out of the same Treasury ' 'Someone who is working on a full'time job is making at east enough money to pay all of his other needs besides housing 'and food The holding that anyone with a'credible full time job offer is not a public charge would also put the Department more in line with the nterpretation of 212 a 15 ilS administer ed by the Immigration and Naturalization ervic • ___ _ _ References ' Department's Airgrams of May 18' 1973 to all Mexican posts and September 1 1973 ·to all Diplomatic and Counsu1ar pos s Consulate Ciudad Juarez' Airgram of Jan ary 31 1973 ' ' ' 'j ' • - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473561 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476100 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861 --- --- • _-- ---- _--- - --- - __ ---- _ _----- - _-_ - BBNFIBENTIAL Depa2· T ent Of State limB BIiWBl 2644 ADS'OB ES'OI 1894 V ··················392091 8619$U II slimn NOV 81 fll A EI 8 SSY S N JOSE 10 SECSTATE IIASHOC 7931 e e M r leE II 1$3 42 I REf SAl JOSE 6118 TEX 1 SAIl JO 01219 06um THE OKLV JOB LEfT fOR US NOV IS TO TRY TO EIISURE THAT THE RIGHT PEOPLE PICK UP THE' PIECES •• AHD THAT'S A POLITICAL HOT ECONOMIC EIIDEAVOR • 7 AHSASSAOOR'S COHHEII1 lHAT COSTA RICA IS GOinG TO HELL AlIO THAT THIS tHOANGERS sanE Of OUR CENTRAL POL JT cAL AlID SECURIH INTERESTS IS NO SECRET TO THE READERS or THIS HBASSY'S CABLES OVER THE PAST YUR 1 1 Till S RESPECT fOUR DISSENT XESSAGES HAVE DISCOVERED THE WEEL HE HAS lOT 'BEEN PRIVY TO THE EIIBASSY'S SENSITIVE IRAfFle •• PERHAPS PART Of THE PRom •• 'BUT HE WAS 'OFfERED THE DPPOR1UIIITY TO READ RElEVAIIJ EXDI$ HESSAGES IN THE READtIIG fll£ AUD 010 HOT AVAIL HINSELf OF THIS 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DUPLICATE OF Febr C06473857 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I I 86 Bureau of Near Ea tern and South Asian Affairs Room 5254A Department of State Washihgton · D C 20520 1 Dear '--____-' 86 Thank you very much for sending t'he Department your views in Tel Aviv's 3305 of 19 June 1974 about PL 480 sales to Israel Your use of the Dissent Channel to register views is especially appreciated We deeply regret that our tardiness prevented this reply from reaching you while you were still in Tel Aviv Your message made the point that Israel's increasing prosperity has progressively eroded Israel' case for PL 480 assistance since its per capita GNP is relatively high' and because it is receiving substantial amounts of assistance of other kinds The Department understands your reasoning but believes on the other hand that PL 480 assistance had helped maintain Israel's healthy balance of pay-' ments position ·while facilitating security purchases of military equipment on th civilian market abroad Moreover the Department believes that Israel does have need of food assistance It is clear that the policy i sues you raised are relevant beyond the immediate dontex in which you raised them and this enhanced the value of your raising them ' I am pleased that you and a member of my staff have had an opportunity to discuss these matters directly particularly since this gave us an opportuni ty more fully to appreciate your vie vs In view of yo'ur conversation here I understand 'that you consider further substantive response to your message nnecessary I should however like aggin to express my thanks for sending us your views Sincerely Ninston Lord Director Policy Planning Staff LIMITED OFFICIAL USE Drafted $9ft j19sVb • - • • -- • • MO_ _ • u _ _ • • • •_ _ _ _ e' _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473867 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445628 Date 12 11 2017 -- DEPARTMENT OF STATE IRELEASE IN PART B6 Washineton D C 20520 July 16 1974 86 Washi·ng t0n D ·C 20520 DearIL__________ Thank you for your letter of July 11 1974 to Mr Lord as well as for your dissent message on the subject of a prQPosed sale of a second DC-8 to Gabon We note that your position was endorsed in the AF memorandum to'the Secretary SIS 7412693 which you codrafted and which went forward with the date of July 11 1974 I am herewith returning your material to you since your recommendation that the issue be reviewed through the Dissent Channel prior to its submission to the Secretary was overtaken by the AF memorandum If the position you pr efer is not chosen you of course have the option of submitting a new dissent message Thank you once again for your initiative in making use of this important policy mechanism o ' S Special Assistant to the Director Policy Planning Staff cc AF - Mr Reams OFP - Ms Vogelgesang P - Mr Djerejian S - Mr Gompert SIS - Ivlr Springsteen G - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445628 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445882 Date 12 11 2017 er4FI6EHTI PAGE 01 10 A TION INfO NEw DE 02312 i At 191051Z I LEASE IN ART ES-01 TFCE W P 190949Z FEB 75 -------------- - 'l I I I SP 02 OCT 01 077635 fM AMEM8ASSY NEW DELHI TO SECSTATE WASHOe PR ORITY 6978 9 NF 9 E N T I A L NEW DELHI 2312 DISSENT CHANNELllllllllllllllllllllllllllrllllllllllllllllll1 11652 GDS S BJECT DISSENT E O MESSAGE 1 THIS MESSAGE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIE I SUBMITTED BY I K VIN O'DONNELL I c l l l D I AcTING AID DIRECTOR 86 CONcuRS IN THIS DISSENTING VlEW 2 SUMMARY USG SHOULD NOT ONLY RETAIN EMBARGo ON SUBCONTINENT aUT ADOPT SIMI AR EMBARGO POLICY WITH RESPECT T ·COUNTRIES AND REGIONS WHERE PRIMARY US INTEREST IS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT c AMONG OTHER NEGATIVE EFFECTS IDENTIFICATION OF USG WITH ARMS SALES TO POOR COUNTRIES TENDS TOI 1 ENHANCE STATUS OF MILITARY 'oVER CIVILIAN OFFICIALSI 2 ENCOURAGE GUNS OVER SUTTERn OtCISION-MAKINGl 3 DEMORALIZE DEVELOPMENT-HINDED ELEMENTS of BUREAUCRACYt AND 4 ASSOCIATE USG WITH pOSSIBL LAiER USE OF WEAPONS AGAINST DISSIDENT POPULATION OR FRIENDLY COUNTRY CURRENT ISSUE OVER ARMS TO PAKISTAN OUGHT TO RAISE BRQADER QUEsTION OF WHY SELL ARMS TO ANY POOR COUNTRy RATHER THAN NARROWER ONE Of WHY TREAT PAKISTAN AS SoLE EXCEPTION TO W RLDWIOE SALES POLICY END SUMMARY 3 PUTTING TO ONE SID POSSIBLE ADVSE EFFECTS O INDO US RtLATIONS INDO-PAK RAPPROCHEMENT AND REGIONAL TRANQUILITY WHICH I ASSUME AVE BEEN THOROUGHLY CONS DERED BY US POLICY MAKERS RESUMPTION of US ARMS SUPP IES TO PAKISTAN RAISES A BROADER QUESTION OF pOLICY wHICH MAY NOT HAVE RECEIVED THE A A1TENTION IT DESERVES SIMPLY PUT WHY SHOULD WE SUPPLY ARMS TO ANy COUNTRY IN WHICH OUR PRIMARY INTEREST IS DEVELOPMENTAL eNFIeENT UL l ___ _ - ___ --- _ ' ' _ __ _ _ r-o_-p ' - --r - ' ' -r 'I 'l 't- - •• - - - - - ---__r O -_- - _ - - -- 'T' -- - - - - ----' - ' ' jl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 boc No 606445882' Date 12 11 201 7 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445882 Date 12 11 2017 ONFIOEt4TIAL PAGE 02 NEw DE 02312 191051Z j j RATHER TH N POLITICAL-SECURITY oRIENTE01 THE CURIOUS EXCEPTION TO WORLDWIDE USG ARMS SUPPLY POLICY WHICH·THE SECRETARY NOTED WITH RESPECT TO PAKISTAN QUESTIONS THE WISDOM OF THE GENERAL RULE AS WE L AS THE RATIONALE OF THE SOLE EXCEPTION WHAT IS THE RlsON FOR PERM TTING US SALES OF SOPHISTICATED MILITARY EQUIPMENT TO COUNTRIES WITH PREDOMINATELY POOR POPULATIONS --TO SUPPORT THEIR LEADERS VIS-A VIS IMPATIENT GENERALS UNSOUND EXPERIENCE HAS SHOWN THAT FANY HARDWARE ONLY WHETS THE MILITARY APPETITE FOR MORE AND NEWER ITEHS WITH RESPECT TO PAKISTAN I WOULO JUDGE THAT MR BHUTTO HAS ENHAN ED HIS pOWER MORE BY CL1PPING GENERALS' wINGS AT CRITICAL POINTS THAN BY TRYING TO SATISFY THEM IF THIS IS SO WE HAY BE DOING BHQTMO ULTIMATELY A GREATER SERVICE BY DENYING ARMS THAN BY S PPLYING THEM -- TO PROVIOE MERELY WHAT OTHERS WOULD DO If WE DIDN'T AGAIN UNSOUND ANY POppy GROWING ASIA'COUNTRY COULD MAKE THE SAME STATEMENT IN SUPPORT Uf ITS OPIUM TRADE WHERE IS THE EVIDENCE ·THAT POOR COUNTRIES wOULD BUY ELSEWHERE TO THE SAME EXTENT AND TO THE SAME DEGREE OF SOPHISTICATION IF WE REFUSED TO SELL IN NY EVENT THE ARGUMENT OVERLOOKS THE pOTENTIAL MBARRASS­ HENT OF HAVING US ARMS DEPLOYED AGAINST A DISSIOE T CITIZENRY O NEIGHBORING COUNTRY FRIENDLY TO THE ys • - TO EARN NEEDED FOREIGN EXCHANGE FOR THE UNITED STATES LET US HOPE THAT OUR NATIONAL FORTUNES·HAVE OT·SUNK TO THE POINT THAT THEY DEPEND UPON TRAFFIC IN LETHAL 'WEAPONRY I BUT IF THEY HAVE LET us BE HONEST ENOUGH TO OURSELVES TO STATE THE CASE O EN Y · AGAINST THE CONVENTIONAL WISOOM CITED ABOVE I SE Ai LEAST FOUR IMPORTANT REASONS fOR EXTENDING ·THE ARMS SALE EMBARGO POLICY TO ALL COUNTRIES IN wHICH OUR PRIMARY INTEREST IS ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT AS OPPOSED TO POLITICAL-SECURITyr - A ARMS SALES TEND TO ENHANCE THE SATUS OF ILITARY AS OPpOSED TO CIVILIAN LEAPERS AS THE GENERALS' INTERNAL POWER AND PRESTIGE INCREASE SO DOES THE RISK OF COUPS MILITARY ADVENTURISM AND REPRESSION WHILE WE CANNOT SHORT OF ARMSfREE ZONE CONVENTIONS - PREVENT ALL THIS fROM HAPPENING WE DON'T HAVE TO el4rIeE n IAl '1 _ - - --- -r - - 7'r - - - - - - --- - - - - --- t- - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445882 Date 12 11 2017 _ ' __ _ _ _ _ _ •••• ' - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445882 Date 12 11 2017 ' OI FI6E'H I '6 PAGE 03 A SOCIATE NEW DE J2312 191051Z WITH ITe 1 B ARMS SALES TEND TO ENCOURAGE GUNS OVER BUTTER 'DECISION MAKING THEREBY REDUCING THE EfFECTIVENESS Of OUR AID PROGRAM AND THWARTING OUR DEVELOPMENT OBJECTIVES ONE WONO RS WHAT THE SPREAD EfFECTS ARE IN A POOR CoUNTRt FOR EACH NEW ITEM OF MILITARY HARDWARE CERTAINLY THE LOCA COSTS REQUIRED TO SUPPORT AND UTILIZE IMPORTED ARMS REPRESENT A SIGNIFICANT DRAIN ON RE· SOURCES OTHERWISE AVAILABLE FOR DEVELOPMENT PURPOSES C ARMS SALES TEND TO DEMORALIZE OEVELOPMENT MINDED SEGMENTS OF THE BUREAUCRACY IN HOST DEVELOPING CoUNTRIES A NUMBER OF O£OICATEO OFFICIALS AJ VARIOUS LEVELS OF GOVERNMENT WORK HARD TO GET RATIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICIES THROUGH THEIR BU EAUCRATIC AND POLITICAL SYSTEMS WE SUPPORT THEIR EFFORTS WITH DEVELOPMENT AlO WE UNDERCUT THEM WITH ARMS SALES D ARMS SALES TEND TO EMBARRASS US MORALLY AND POLITICALLY WHEN US ARMS ARE USED AGAINST fRIENDLY NATIONS DR AGAINST THE RECIPIENT'S OWN PEOPLE RECENT HISTORY IN THE SUBCO'NTINENT 1·5 P OOF ENOUGH OF THAT ACT 5 FOR THESE REASONS RECOMMEND THAT ANY FINAL DECISION TO RELAX THE ARMS SA E EMBARGO IN THE SUBCONTINENT BE DELAYED UNTIL THE BROADER QUESTION OF ARMS SALES TO POOR COUNTRIES IN GENERAL IS CAREFULLY REVIEWED I WOULD HOPE THAT IN THE PROCESS Of REVIEW SOME RATIONAL CRITERIA FOR US ARMS SUPPLY pbLICY WOR LDwIDE WOULD EMERGE S HNEIDER - i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445882 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472118 Date 01 11 2018 CON i t 7 i i P E' 01 S·j Aq ION 'fNEO' A UNCI 0 9 682' RELEASE IN PART 86 q c _-- - --t--- ' i416 9Z 02 011' '02 S·IIt· PC ' 1015 w RI I Ii 1535Z JUN 72 ' VH-AMEM6ASSY ASUNCION to ECST TE WASHOe 8375 ' ' C e r I e UTI Ii L TION Dr SENT 9F'- A UNCIO 1t 9 CHANNEL r i I D EMBASSY BE INSTRUCTED J NF'ORM GOP NOT· LATER THAN JUNE 26 THAT AMBASSADOR WI Ll ···NO· T· RETURN IN EVENT 'RICORD EXTRADITION CASE NOT FAVORABLE RESOLVED BY THEN • R C O MENDEO ACT r ON eEF OR · AI 1GUST' I ' ' I' t I I' ' 0 • • IY 'EMBASSY BE It JSTRUCTEO MAI E 'CLEAR 'TO GOP DURING JULY ' ' THAT UNLESS DRUG LAWoPASSE0 1 RICORD EXTRADITEDI AND 1961' SINGLE CONVENTION ON NARCOTrCS AMENDMENTS SIGNEDI O So wILL' BEGIN PHASE OUT 'IILG HO ASSISTANCE AND SALES OR 'GRANTS MATERIEL 0' •• Vo T AT IF DRUG lAW PASSED AND RICORD EXTRADITED DURING JULY EMBASSy'BE AUT ORIlED OFFER BNDD ADVISOR TO MINISTRY O HEALTH FOR IMPLEHENTAiION D U L W AND OF ER 'SHARE tQSTS OF EQUIPPING POLICE ARCOTI S lNVESTIGATION UNIT ALONG L1NES REF' IBI PAGE 1 0 ' - 9 PHASE TWO THREE RECOMMENDATIONS DESIGNED TO EXTRACT BENEFITS FROM GOP FAILURE TO COQPERATE BASED ON OUR ESTIo MATE OF USG GLOBAL -STRATEGY IN 'FIGHT AG'AINSr NARCOTICS AND POSITION OF PARAGUAY WITHIN TR EGY • • 10 IF' PARAGUAY REMAINS UNCOOPERATIVE' U S INTERESTS MIGHT' BEST BE SERVED ey DECISIVE'STEPS AGAINST PARAGUAY WHICH OFFERS OPPORTUNITY TO TAKE MEASl RES AT MINIMUM COST TO·U S INTERESTS AND pERHAPS ITH POLiTICAL BENEFIT MOREOVER FAILURE 'TO TAKE MEASURES IN FACE PARAGUAYAN INTRANSIGENCE CAN BE iNTERPRETED' IN'FOREIGN CAPITALS S RELUCTANC ON ART USG TO U ILIZE -- _------_ _ _- _ _- - - - __ - - - - _ _-_ _ - - _ _ - ' ' ----- - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472118 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472118 Date 01 11 2018 Department of state TELEGRAM OI ' Et TI L PA E AS NCI 02 0 2 0 99 02 141619Z AVAILABLE MEANS TO ENCOURAGE COOPERATION WE DOUBT TH T WILL 8E ABLE TO SPE K WITH CREDIB LITY IN PROBLEM COUNTRIES IN WHICH'iT HAS IMPORTANT STRATEGIC INTEREsrs IF IT FAILS TO DEMONSTRATE ITS RESOLVE IN PARAGUAYo IF' THIS ANALySIS IS 'cONsiSTENT WITH OVERALL usa VIEW WE· usa RE OMMEND ' FOLLORtNG to IF GOP HAS NOT TAKEN SATISFACTORY ACTION ON INI IA IVES N PHASE ONE BY SEPTEMBER I EMBASSV BE INSTRUCTED TO ADVISE' GOP THAT UNDER PROVISIONS OF FOREIGN ASSISTANCE ACT'P RAGUAY HAS BEEN FO NO UNCOOPERATIvE AND THAT PRES NT V' PROGR MHED MILITARY AND ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE WILL BE DISCONTINUED AND RESUMPTIO -' NOT ' ECONSIDERED UNTIL SUCH TiME A GOP DOMONSTRATES To ATISFAC IDN O USG'r s ' FULL AND WILLING C O O P E R A T I O N ' - ' Ito USG SH'OU O RA 1'SF ' fSSUE nF' PARAGlJAY N ·to 1 LAC NC' ' 'AaOUT NARCOiiCS 'TRA FICKING IN A_PROPRIAT£ INTERNA'IO AL F ORUMS OF WH I CH 80TH GOVERNMENTS ARE MEMBER - ' ' ' itle GOP REQuESTS FoR INANttALASSISTANCE FROM INTERNATIONAL LENDING' AGENCIES IN WHICH'USG HAS VOtCE S OULO BE GIVEN 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WrTZ DRAFT CABLEROOM-SEND TO ALL COUNTRIES ON LIST·L EXCEPT MEXICO t ' ' ' ' '-f I ' ' i - · j ••••• I tl I t 7 - I C- ''- J '- 7 d - --z l71 ' I 'V tj - - _- i 1 f -- I ' I_ I L _-- -JU0 -- ___ ---J ------ -------- -------------------- ----------- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415462 Date 10 11 2017 · UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431116 Date 11 13 2017 I RELEASE IN PART I ' 86 £ONFTDE NTI At' S P JAARZT BDM 6-3-76 tXT 29716 S P JAARZT S P-OFP PJLYDON DRAfT SIP ONLY ABU DHABI ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL fOR AMBASSADOR '-1------- 1 ONLY E O 11652 TAGS fOR JAA F 6 JAAO GDS PINS SU SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF I ABU DHABI 1447 WE HAVE RECEIVED YOUR MESSAGE SUPPORTING I IS DISSENT MESSAGE ON PRE-SIDENT NIMEIRI' S OfF IAL VISIT TO THE UNITED STATES WE HAVE INfORMED I I THAT MR DONALD PETTERSON Of THE OLICY PLANNING STAfF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE Of A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY WE COMMEND 80TH YOUR AND HIS USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE EXPRESSED YY 1 _____ L-_ ___________________ C6NFIBENl'IAL ---- ------- ' B6 J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431116 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 144 rDate 1'113i201#j I I I iRELEASE IN FULLI ceMFIBEPnIAL S P MELY HE X-225b2 5 13 76 SIP RBARTHOLOMEW ACTING C - MR J MONTGOMERY· • EUR EE - MR ANDREWS SUBS SIP - MR P LYDON IMMEDIATE - ' BUCHAREST W-e LtR 102DISSENT CHANNEL FOR THE AMBASSADOR FROM SIP - REGINALD BARTHOLOMEW ACTING E O 11b52 GDS e TAGS PFOR EEWT ETRD US RO SUBJECT US-ROMANIAN LONG-TERM COOPERATION AGREEMENT REFS A BUCHAREST 2463 8 270 ALL DISSENT CHANNEL ST TE 117020 C BUCHAREST 1 AS YOU ARE AWARE IT HAS BEEN PROPOSED IN THE DISSENT CHANNEL THAT THE US OBJECTIVES IN THE NEGOTIATIONS OF THE US-ROMANIAN LONG-TERM COOPERATION AGREEMENT BE SHIfTED rORWARD OBTAINING CONCESSIONS FR THE GOR ON OBTAINING INFORMATION ESSENTIAL FOR B rNESS DECISIONS AND BETTER ACCESS TO ROMANIANS FOR BUSINESSMEN w- 2 WITH THE NEGOTIATIONS ALREADY WELL UNDERWAY BUCHAREST 2bS3 AND WITH ANY CHANGE Of INSTRUCTIONS REQUIRING INTERAGENCY CLEARANCE WE RECOGNIZE THAT IT Y NOT BE fEASIBLE OR DESIRABLE TO REOPEN NEGOTIATING INSTRUCTIONS NEVERTHELESS WE SEEK YOUR VIEWS AS TO WHETHER 1 YOU-BELIEVE THE TWO POINTS RAISED ARE NEGOTIABLE EITHER IN THESE OR SOME SUCCEEDING DISCUSSINlONS 2 IF SO SHOULD THEY BE INTRODUCED AND WHEN WE WOULD ALSO APPRECIATE 3 WHETHER SOME L ANGUAGE COULD 'BE FOUND SHORT OF A BINDING COMMITMENT WHICH MIGHT BE DIFFICULT TO OBTAIN WHICH COULD 'BE USED COI fI»EPnIAL- L --- -- ---- --------- ------- --- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431446 Date 11 13 2017 VI' _ _ _ _ - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431446 Date 11 13 2017 C9t4FIBElnIAL l c • ON THE GOR TO fLAG THESE ISSU' S 'AND GIVE US A BETTER' BASIS ON WHICH TO PROTE T TO· THEM 3 IN ORDER TO GET THIS EXCHANGE ON SUBSTANTIVE MATTERS OUT Of THE DISSENT CHANNEL SUGGEST YOU REPLY 'IN NORMAL CHANNEL WITHOUT REfERENCES TO THIS MSG RECAPITULATING THE TWO POINTS AND GIVING US YOUR VIEWS YY ' I • A ' ' • CONFI»EMTIAl - ----- --- ----- --- o o o o o o 0 -'--_ -'-------- o 0 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431446 Date 11 13 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446317 Date 12 11 2017 ' RELEASE IN PART QEPARTMENT OF STATE 86 O ctober 18 1978 COtlFliBElti'fIJ fI MEMORANDUi'1 TO • FRCm SUBJECT INR RNA NE -1'--______---' SIP - Paul H Kreisberg Actirlgflr Your· Dissent Channel Message on Syria 'fh1s will acknovlledge receipt of your dissent channel m ssage entitled liThe U s and Syria The Special Relationship Crwnbles I have designated William Kirby of the Policy Planning Staff as coordinator in charge of a substantive response In accordance with Dissent Channel procedures and your express -1ishes ' your memo is being distributed to the f llowing the Office of the Secretary tne Under Sec17etary for Political Affairs the Executive Secretary of the Department the Chairman of the Secretary's Open Forum the Director of the Bureau of Intelligence and Research the Assistant S ecretary for Near Eastern and South Asian Affairs the Director 6£ NEA ARN and Ambassador Seelye in Damascus I commend your use of the Dissent Channel and assure you that we will respond to the issues you have raised'as soon as possible ' ' cQl' I F IPENTIAL --- --- _ - -- --_ __ - _ --_ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446317 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476102 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 - C NFI» NTIAL r t ' ' ' 1 51 ' ·ll - i SAN JOSE ROUTINE i' J f DISSENT CHANNEL - FOR '- 1_ _ _---'I FRO SIR flJOLfO llITZ E O 11652 GDS 12 1118b OLf'OWITZ plP-J 'f' PAUL T TAGS ' SU8J reT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE l' ' ' t ' 'REFERENCE SAN JOSE 7210 ' f ' ' of ' 'Il ' J ' i i i SURE THAT AnERI r - - - 4 2 GIVING THE MATTER OUR 8EST TRY DOES NOT Of' COURSE EAN TH T idE SHOULD KEEP OUR EYES CLOSE NOR THAT 14E SHOULD ' NOT BE THIN ING OFHal BEST THE PIECES CAN BE PICKED UP IF THJlITIS klHAT IT COMES TO YOUR CONTINUED -CONCERN CAr HELP' _1 CA R STS ARE FURTHERED EFFE TIVEL Y• · a 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR nESSAGE EALING ITH COSTA RICA'S 'ECONOMIC PROBLEnS AND THE U S RESPONSE THERETO IT HAS BEEN GIYEN THE SAME CAREFUL ATTENTION AS YOUR PREVIOUS OBSERYATIONS ON THIS SUBJECT AND blE HAVE conE TO MUCH THE t SA E CONCLUSION AS BEFORE HILE THE PROBLEMS THAT YOU CITE ARE REAL AND THE PROSPECTS fOR SUCCESS ARE OPEN TO LEGITIMATE QUESTION THE EPARTMENT RErfAINS Of THE OPINION ' JTHAT THE EFFOIT IS WORTH MAKING ALSO THE 'EPARTrfENT IS NOT PRESSURING THE I F SO THE CHANCES ARE ABOUT AS f PRO ISING AS ONE CAN REALISTICALL · HOPE FOR UNDER ADI'IITTEDL Y ' llIFFICUL T CIRCUMSTANCES ' ' 3 jV '1 ' 'Aa 'rzT ' -81 n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2016-07743 Doc No C06476102 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 6 416 89 rlED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Tripoli September 11 1977 f CONFIDENTIAL OFFICIAL-INFORMAL Anthony Lake Esquire Director of Policy Planning Staff Department of State Washington D C 20520 Dear Mr Lake Thank you for your August 29 comments on my July 11 dissent channel message concerning the advisability of the United States becoming directly involved in the dispute in Northern Chad It is not my desire to initiate a prolonged correspondence on the subject Nevertheless I would like to respond to some of your comments I agree that we cannot ignore current politics and ideo·logy involved in this dispute The purpose of my rather extensive reference to the historical antecedents was to place this problem within its proper historical content Obviously these antecedemts have a continuity extending into the present dispute Yriu are quite ac urate to point out that current Libyan claims to the Aouzou s·trip ignore Libya's previous acceptance in the 1955 Franco-Libyan treaty on the conventional boundary from 1889-1902 which the United States presently recognizes Needless to say the Libyan Government of ·King Idris·is obviously not that of Colonel Qadhafi I believe that the radical change that has taken place in this country is indicative of changes that are occurring in other parts of Africa as these nations undoubtedly must face the question of the desirability of borders that fail to reflect a semblance of ethnic and geographic continuity Today CONFIDENTIAL ·----- -- - - • ' ' ' - - ------'r _ -- - -- --- --- ____ _____ _ ____ -- -__ __ _ _ _ - -___ -- - __ _ --_ __ --'_ ____ _ ' - ' ' -'f _ _ • _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Do No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 __ co 6416891 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 2 the most blatant example of the phenomenon is the Somalia aim of territorial aggrandizement in Ethiopia and potentially in Kenya We both agree tha a military solution to the Northern Chad dispute is not feasible nor should it be enco uraged particularly by direct United States military assistance More importantly as you indicated th United States must continue to support mediation efforts undertaken by the Organization of African Unity I might suggest that strenuous U S efforts are called for to support the efforts of the OAU's n wly established mediation office which was especially created to deal with disputes between African states As I stated in my dissent channel message the present borders of Africa are artificial and invariably the dynamics of ethnic and racial sentiment of its population will cause future disputes 'between African states It is therefo e essential that the OAU's mediation office be strengthened to resolve these issues appreciate the United States rationale for giving paramount conSideration to the views of Egyptian President Sadat concerning the designs of Colonel Qadhafi because of the crucial role Sa at must play in our present Middle East peace initiative President Sadat appears absolutely correct in his assertion that Colonel Qadhafi continues his attempts to subvert Sadat's government However as you s ggest it is questionable whether the events in Chad a e part of this Libyan effort I Indeed it may be argued that the present friendship of G neral Malloum's government with the'United States is mere expediency In light of the coup d'etat that brought General Malloum to power his initial flirtation with the Soviets and now his effo'rts to closely CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc_No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416891 IED - --- ------ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL 3 identify with the United States and perhaps receive military aSSistance I wonder how much the United States needs friendship of such military regimes particular y regimes where not even a semblance of democracy exists InvariablyJ in Chad as in Libya and elsewhere in Africa political stability has become a most essential goal of these regimes That stability has more often than not translated itself into the suppression of any viable political opposition For your perusal I have enclosed a paper I originally wrote for the Open Forum It was never published However I believe that many of its general observations are germane to future U S relations with Africa I am deeply appreciative of your response to my dissent channel message ' While I doubt that U S support of such friendly regimes as Chad will cease I nevertheless appreciate the opportunity for this brief but enjoyable exchange of comments concerning U S policy Sincerely yours B6 Political Officer· Enclosure Paper by L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ I nterna tional Stability' and Political Change in Africa B6 CONFIDENTIAL -'- - - -- -- - - - ----- - - - -- - - - _- -- - - - - - - - OO - - · -·--7 -·- ----·----- ·- --r - -- ' - - -- -- - ' - ' ' - - ' - - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416891 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472909 Date 01 11 2018 --' _ - _ ' RELEASE IN PART _ - - - _-t B 6 9 ' J ' rt--' rr J - ' EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA Bridgetown Barbados December 30 1975 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LHUTED OFFICIAL USE Winston Lord Esquire Director P'olicy Planning Staff Department of State Washington D C Dear l'lr Lord Thank you for yo r letter and the eopy of your memo- randum to r4r Killoran My sincere thanks as well for the T lay the matter was concluded • J Unfortunately Mr Killoran's refusal to forward our last dissent channel telegram was only one example-and a very minor one by comparison--of his seriously flawed judgment while in Luanda A preference on his part for Sermon on the Mount-style ethics over the more normal practice of considering eoncrete U S• interests 'seriously delayed an ea ly understanding of the Angolan mess And compounding that penchant for moral judgments on what was good for the Angolan people was the far graver practice o f suppressing facts not supporting his case Happily long before t-1r Killoran's departure the Angolan matter was removed from those who seemed to operate more on the basis of fervently-held personal philosophies than an appreeiation of our interests as a nation However it remains interesting to me why in the earlier stages of the Angolan drama the Bureaus concerned consistently misjudged what was happening and almost always fa led to appreciate the significance I'm not referring to the separate matter of the wisdom of U S involyement but only to the analytical failure L'IHITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472909 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743__ Doc No C06472909 Date 01 11 2018 __ - r I LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 2 The reasons seem to be those which on a broader scale led to the global outlook policy With Angola it is possible to tick-off specific examples of ho 'l ingroup attitudes hang-ups could lIlell be used toward Africa and Africans led geographic Bureau personnel to miscalling the play time after time In the early stages it was basically a lack of understanding of the 'forces and motivations at work not those of the Russians at that point but internal Angolan and African ones HO 'lever later as the matter developed some appear to hav understood where things were headed but fearing U S involvement failed to call attention to the probable outcome in the hope the problem'would somehow conveniently disappear All of this would make interesting--but best left unpublished--journalism I I I I Again my thanks to you and Peter Lydon I hope Beter didn't take too much static for sending the follow-up cables on his own ' 1 ' 86 Economic Commercial Officer p i ·1 i lihile not claiming any extraordinary talents as an FSO my Angola experience is unique and could I think be put' to SOlile use by the Department Hy contacts ruaong middle level UlaTA personnel could prove pal ticularly valuable if the Administration is trying to sell SavirnbiS' 5 an authentic Angolan movement worthy of our renewed assistance I think that idea could prove saleable to the Congress if the Soviet CUban involvement c Jlltinues and l·fPL keeps· rufusing supervised el ctions I'm volunteering for any possible role in our Angola effort and hope you'll let lile know if you become aware of an ssibility LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472909 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473871 Date 01 11 2018 I MILLS CHARLES N 74 TEL AVIV 3306 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 1'I 7f LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 01 TEL AV 03306 191019Z 41 b ACTION AID-59 r INFO OCT-01 NEA-09 ISO-00 EB-05 IGA-02 L-03 SWF-02 081·W ----------075551 i V R 190951Z JUN 74 FM AMEHBASSY TEL AVIV A TO SECSTATE WASHDC 2786 'J'JI LIMITED OFFICIAL USE TEL AVIV 3306 r 0 E O 11652 N A TAGS EAID EAGR IS ' SUBJECT ISRAEL S FY 1975 PL 480 TI7'LE I REQUIRElolENTS 1 A REF A STA E 92148 f B TEL AVIV 2698 C STATE 126140 1 IN PREPARING REFTEL B WE OF COURSE KNEW OF GOl REQUEST LAST AUGUST FOR PL 480 COMMODITIES VALUED THEN AT ABOUT $150 I MILLION THE SAME QUANTITIES WOULD COST ABOUT $99 3 MILLION iT PREICES SPECIFIED IN REF A USING CORN COST FOR FEEDGRAINS lAD ALSO BEEN TOLD REF A THAT TITLE I REQUESTS WERE EXPEC'RED TO TTY AYATI ABTT ITiES hI BY-7S IN tHEsP CIB£UMS'l'A CES g sJ IlRAT WE CONSIDERED TO BE A REASONABLE PROGRAM Mm WHICH COULD BE CARRIED QUT E AWARE THA 7' FOR ISRAEL LAST YEAR PROVIDED FOR COM MMODI ITES TOTALL NG $6 5 MILLION BUT IN THE EVENT WE 'lERE ABLE TO SUPPLY ONLY $47 6 MILL N WORTh 2 GHT OF THE S LLY L f'd BE J ABL STATE 1261 40 WE BELEIVE A cas CAN BE E roB F BQGYLFQR l§iA THAN 'i'BA'l' sCWdil D IN OUR PSAGE piiECwILL HAVE SHAIiPLX INCREA§ED FOREIGN Elfc C E _--- -- - BRltOUIREM ENl2 OVER THE NEXT FEW 'YEARS WHICH TITLE I PROGRAMS CAN HELP MEET FACT THAT THESE LONG-TERMS LOANS PUSH ISRAEL # S FOREIGN DEBT EVEN HIGHER AND HAVE CREATED SOME DIFF'ICULT'Y RECENTLY IN ' DISPOSING OF EXCESS' SOYBEAN OIL APPARENTLY HAS NOT LESSENED GOI INTEREST IN OBTAINING LARGE TITLE I PROGRAM HUS IN LIGHr INCREASED AVAILABILITIES AND STRONG GOl INTEREST EMBASSY HAS NO OBJECTION TO LIMITED OFFICIAL USE LIMITED OFFICIAL USE PAGE 02 TEL AV 03306 191019Z ANY FY-75 PROGRAM IN RANGE OF LAST YEAR'S APPROXIMATELY $50 lo1ILLIO OR HIGHER IF' SUPPLY SITUATION PERMITS I Zt r oNE t1'16f' - KEA ING LIMITED OFFICIAL USE NNN - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473871 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980065 Date 07 31 2017 ' h @ ' 10 ''1' 0 - ' i Q iDepartment Of State TELEGRAM ' '932 P E' 01 64· ST T ' 0t9 ' RELEASE IN PART B61 _ OR IG'IN 'SS t 4 oci'- 01 ' 0 5 R 4 - b A TED BV ' PC RRPE E SONtJ 2i ii g EXT 22972 APPRoVED BY StPC I si • - wj CARGO' • • • • ••• MR BARNES' R 0t223 Z FEB 7 FM' SECSTATE WASHOC TO' USMlssjON 'B RL N LiMITED OF'FICIAL' USe 91ATE OIT9 99 DisSENT CHANNEL ' DIRECTOR OF S PC FROM SUBJ I sERLIN 'j SSEN'r' CHANNEL MESSAGE F ROMI '2055 ' B6 '0 I TH l s i $ NOVEMBER 28 L - - - - - - - - - ' i'Q' ACKNOWb OGE ' 'REte iFf' 'Q BE i'N ' 0591 O t EO 1'97 A '0 r SSENT 'CHANNEL iMESSAGE CONCERN I NG i R' G e e MENTS 'W tTH rHE' iGOR - 2 INITIAV OISTR BUTiON ·OF' THi ' C BL 'IHAS BEEN MAQE to' T E D1 ECrO ' 'Qf' 'PlA N I G ANO' COOR l N T lPNl THE EXECiJ T tv seCRErA Y' OF 'TI-IE DEPARTMENT I EiURI UR CEI EBI EB OA · ANQ • THE 'cHA I RHAN OF 'THE' EERETARY OPt N ' 'ORUM P NEL 'ROGe R t s UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980065 Date 07 31 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 ' q - ' i0 ' l' t Department of State · 11 J «i- ' l'lf '- tf t- o' ¢' • ' lo-l' £9 0' PAGE 01 STATE 119316 fRELEASE IN FULLl 10 ORIGIN 8S-14 INFO 1015 R OcT 01 ' DRAFTED BY ARA'RHU WITCH WSTEDMAN MSKDL S PClSEATONIMRC 6 30 7Z EXT 28148 APPROVED BY S PCrAHARTMAN ARA JHCRIMMINS ORAFTI ARA GLISTER DRAFTI S NMIRDJGILIO DRAFTI ARA ISArD8LACK IDRAFT IGNEWMAN SUBSl PMJEFEATHERSTONE DRAFT SIS L PPFUNO DRAFTI DE _ J REO 01 STR BtlT u ON _ 1 r'l 0 1'''''' • • 1a L4 'Vlv# t' t' ' I r'I J ' 104992· P 3023202 JUN 72 FM SECSTATE WAS DC TO AMEMBASSY ASUNCION PRl'ORITY c e NFl e E PI T' I A L A TE DISSENT CHANNEL SUBJECT DISSENT REFSI A' Ot MESSAGE I 19316 NARCOT CS CONTROL ASUNCION 1499 6 ASUNCION A-54' C STATE It5151 STAT ' 115857 REF A HAS REEN DISTRIBUTED TO ALL· RECIPIENTS OF A-54 WITHIN THE DEPAqTMENT THOUGHT EFFORT AND CONVICTION WHICH WENT INTO ITS PREPARATION ARE COMMENDED ITS RECOMMENDATIONS WILL BE GIVEN FULL WEIGHT BY THE DEPARTMENT N THE CONTEXT OF DEVELOPING THE POLICY PROGRAM DIRECTED BV PAOM 314 APPROPRIATE PORTIONS wiLL ALSO 8E USED BY THE DEPARTMENT IN CONJUNCTION ITH A-54 WITHIN THE INTER AGENCY COMMITTEE ON NARCOTICS CONTROL IN LATIN AMERICAWE WELL ADVISE EMBASSY OF RESULTS wHEN WE COMPLETE OUR CDN iDERATIONo THIS MESSAGE IS AN INTERIM RESPONSE CE wrEJ 14 T AL I ' r7 UNCLASSIFIED U S De of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc o C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 lr ' - I - W t •• ' r o ' ' - '•• - ' r • - - - - - '- -rr UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 D c No C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 -- Department of State PAGE 02 STATE TElEGRAM Ilg316 2 WE HAVE HAD THE O BJECT 1VE OF PERSUAD I NG THE GOP THAT COOPERATION IN cONTROLLING ILLICIT NARCOTICS TRAFFIC IS N O R MUTUAL INTEREST THIS IS A BASIC ASSUMPTION IN PADM 31 THE IG ARA INCLUDED 1N THE CASP AND THE DECISION MEMORANDUM A S I MIL AR ST ATE MENT AS - wELL' AS A FORESHADOW I NG OF THE NEGATIVE IMPACT FROM GOP FAILURE TO COOPERATE IN DRUG TRA'FFICKING • REF' Ai AN'D AIRGRAMARE' IN ACCORD WITH POLICY IN PADM AND'IG DECISION MEMORANDUM THE DEPARTMENT HAS BEEN AND REMAINS DISSATISFIED wITH GOP POSTURE TOWARD THIS SERIOUS PROBLEM Af' ID WE INTERPRET REF A AS SHARING THIS FE EL NG' 3 DIFFERENCES EXIST HOWEVER OVER TACTICS TO EMPLOY THAT WI L CCOMPLl H OBJECTIVE_ lGHLY PUBLIC OR PUBLI-· CIZED ACTIONS TOGE H£R wITH DEADLINES SUCH AS PROPOSED IN REF A WUULD RESULT IN UNH ST KA LE PURL ON RnNTATlON BETWEEN THE US AND PARAGUAYAN GOVERNMENTS UNDER SUC CIRCUMSTANCES THE GOP MAY WELL SHIFT THE FOCUS FROM DRUG PROBLEM ITSELF TO BROADER ISSUES WHICH COULD STIMULATE NATIONALISTIC SENTIMENT AGAINST US E G BY ALLEGING INJURY TO NATIONAL DIGNITY AND BY INVOKING THE DAVID OLIATH IMA E THIS SITUATION MAy MARKEDLY DIMINISH THE LIKELIHOOD OF OBTAINING THE COOPERATION WE SEEKJ PERHAPS IRRETRIEVABLY NEvERTHELESS WE MAY ULTIMATELY CONCLUbE THATI DESPITE THEIR COUNTER-PRODUCTIVE ASPECTS THESE COURSES 0 - ACTION MAY CONS'ThuTE THE ONLY REMAINING AVENUES WORTH EXPLORING 4 TH£ DEPT HAS ADOPTED TACTICS D SIGNED TO IMPRESS UPON GOP THAT FAILURE TO COOPERATE WIT THE US IN ILLICIT' NARCOTICS TRAFFIC WILL NOT BE wITHOUT ADVERSE CONSEQUENCES TN OUR RELATIONS WHILE AVOIOlNG FORCING THE GOP INTO A CORNER OVER THE ISSUE AT THIS TIME 5- WIT4 REG RD TO THE THREE SPECIFIC ACTIONS REFTEL TO BE TAKEN BEFORE JULY' PROPOSE IN AO bUR VIEwS JULY 4TH CELEeRATrON HAVE' BEEN· ·· ' COMHUN CATED BY TELEPHONE TO CHARGE BREwIN AND IN REF tel r· Dt PArn 'IENT OFF I CERS HAVE BEEN KEEP I NG PARAGUAYAN ' ' O careF I CfiB AL UNCLASSIFIED U S De Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 ' Department of State PAGE 03 STATE 119316 M6ASSY HERE POSTED AS TO' RELATIONSHIP GOP COOPERATION ASSrSTA CE DEPTOFF MET WITH PARAGUAYAN MILITARY ATTACHE JUNE 27 AND TOLD HIM EXPLICITLY ABOUT RECENT DELAYS IN MILITARY ITEMS ANd REASONS THEREFORE EMBASSY HAS BEEN INSTRUCTtD TO pASS SAME MESSAGEI NOT AS THREAT BUT AS FRANK iNDICATION'dF DEYELOPING St UATIONI TO AP ROPRrAT GO P OFr -ICI AL I R£ F D I ' ' AND USG ' ' MATTER OF TIMING OF AMBASSADOR YLITALO'S RETURN HAS BEEN UNDER CONSIDERATION AND DECISION WILL BE COMMUNICATED SEPARATELY AMBASSADOR WILL IN ANy CASE NOT RETURN BEFORE JULy 4 REF CI IRWIN C' ' eSr4fF I BEfH 1 AL j ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S ent of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980045 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' j I ' _ ' I sjpc i • i I r RSfll EP EU'R J - Il 11 lJ yl 2ARA 1 F Origlnol to be Filed in FE NEA CU e p 10 Feo AID FilE DESIGNATION A-23 ' i Depar ment of State n I' ' ' 6 II o'- ' i COM FRB tNT B TAR TR XMB 1 '''''' ARMY NAVY OSD USiA NSA CIA FROM _ DISTRIBUTION t· 'd1 C DATE - - CHANNEL This airgram transmits a dissenting view submitted by IOf the I Embassy Political Section We reQuest that· this airgl' am receive the same distribution as the messages it addresses see below t J J Initial r MO r·'O DCM PQL ECON CONS AO II 19 'l I c· o' j ASSESSMENT t - o t AID While we are not n a position to assess the military significance of the recent arms shipments to Somalia we consider that the Country Team's paper exaggerated the IISomali threat ll by not giving proper weight to the following factors the· domestic interests and problems of the Ethiopian ruling elite the mutual res onsibility for the Ethio-Somali conflict the presence o Djibouti in the eQu tion the impact of Ethiopia's current relations with Sudan and Kenya and the role of Israel USIS - FIL E Ac iUIl Tt k m Date' Inillol D o ted - 86 I The purpose of this messag to record our disagreement with the analysis and recorn ations of IIImplications for u S Policy of th l somal eat to EthioPiall ZS2 of 1 22 7' and A-I' of Janu 24 197 J Since nterpretation of recent developments internal an9 external differs from the Country Team's assessments we find the options and recommendations inappropriate to the situation and counterprod tive to U S interests We believe that there is an alternative approach to the current situation i- OST ROUTING I fo February 7 1973 IRELEASE IN PART B61 ' P Acfion @J Dissent Message REF r -DISSENT UGG S'ED as AN AmErobassy ADDIS ABABA SUBJECT Must be Cleared in S PC '' 1 ' AGR NOTE My further D1strillut ' h TO 1 TO Deeentralh od Files HANOI ING'r 'PIC TOR I ----- I - fe e 8 1 l6ffi 1f 'Np L W'MJOO I bvu--l r r i 3'· rnana '10 r ' ForOep nIU eOn Y ' ' 6ftEl'il- FORM 64 OS-323 - j ronl c2r'in and Classillcolian Approved by o OUI 1 DOM - Parker D Wyman 86 ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 0- 1Z53 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 Addis Ababa A-2J p 2 1 Internal Situation We believe that the Ethiopian ruling el te's perception of and reaction to the nSomali threat has been greatly intensified by domestic stresses and risks to its future survival The Emperor's $Oth birthday and continuing uncertainty regarding a successor regime further heightened by the Crown Prince's recent illness have focused attention - on the possibilities of internal chaos and risks to the future position of the present ruling elite Reasons for the establishment's 'concern and consequent appeals for U S support include serious institutional deficiencies and the prevailing moods of frustra ion and of absence of ' effective leadership within the go ernment machine discontent among ethnic groups 'and many of the educated class because of the corrupt and ' repressive system failure of the IIAmharazation program to cement a unified Ethiopia under Shoan Ambera domination results of their unwillingness to institute land and other reforms which would have broadened the regime's appeal and reduced domestic tensions in the long run failure to work wi jjh and win over elements of the popuiation most notably in Eritrea and the Ogaden ·who are striving for greater local autonomy and inefficiency in the military organization We interpret the IEG's reaction to the IISomali threat and pressure on the U S for assistance and psychological support largely as attempts a to insure the ruling group's ability to maintain its power and wealth during and after the s ccession r- 'I b to develop a rationale for a new pipeline to U S political financial and military support in the event Kagnew Station should close down c to provide a justification for increased military expenditures and for further delays in acting on significant economic and social reforms which are increasingly being pressed on the ruling elite by domestic interests and by foreign aid donors 2 External We believe that Ethiopia also bears some responsibility for the recent deterioration in Ethio-Somali relations which have never been close since Somalia's independence in 1960 In recent months 1 the economic stakes of both sides in the disputed Ogaden region have increased greatly as indications of the eventuality of probable commercial oil di coveries have become known MOves by both sides led to border incidents in November which were followed by two UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 n UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 As idis Ababa A-23 p 3 se sions of bilateral tal s at the Foreign Minister level From all available evidence it appears that neither side made any substantial concessio from its previous well-known position ln vitably both sides used strong talk with President Siad making what the Ethiopian foreign Minister reports as a veiled threat to resort to force At resent bilateral'negotiations appear to be completely stalled and the prospects for further talks over the Ogaden seem questionable without external pressures on both pa ties Somalia and Ethiopia have conflicting claims to Djibouti as well as o the Ogaden which contributes substantially to their ri valry Deapite esident Pompidou I s recent statements of French intention to remain in the TFAI and the apparent acceptance of this by both sides at least in the short run neither has abandoned its claim and each is probably prepared to move militarily to protect its interests if and when France leaves Djibouti Other developments in the general area have sharpened the political confrontation between Ethiopia 'and Somalia The recent satisfactory border settlement and general detente with Sudan have at leas for the foreseeable future removed any I1threat to Ethiopia from the North thus freeing resources for the Somali front Kenya and Ethiopia are on the verge of renewing their defense agreement and are keeping in close touch over the IlSomali threatl1 During the past year five African states have broken relations with Israel This has made Israel increasingly concerned about its position in Ethiopia the Illinchpin of Israeli interests in Africa We assume that Israel has encouraged Ethiopian concern over the Somali threat III OUR REACTION TO THE CT' 8 RECOMMENDATIONS In view of our analysis of the current situation we believe that the Country Team's options and recommendations not only do not address the real problems of Ethiopia but also are laying new groundwork for a continued U S military involvement in Ethiopia in the eYP Ilt that the USG decides to close Kagnew 1 Military We believe that what appears to be the Country Team's principal recommendation the increase in military aid to 11 5 million is only the foot in the door The referenced airgram prov des a shopping list page 8 para 3 in the event of Soviet deliveries of T-54 and MIG-21's revealing the expectations of the Ethiopian government and the Country Team The response to the Country Team's proposals should be framed with the next gr0up of Ethiopian requirements ll clearly SBSRm' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 · UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 ' - ' • Addis Ababe A-23 p 4 in mind and with the realization that having taken the first step it will be difficult to refuse other Somali threatll-related demands We question the Country Team's assessment that additional arms deliveries to Ethiopia would be a stabilizing factor We consider it important to note that given the inadequacy of the Ethiopian military increments in weaponry have much less than commensurat effect on its overall capability For example large deliveries of modern communications eqUipment have not enabled Ethiopian forces in Eritrea to coordinate air support with ground maneuvers In this context the volume and cost of weaponry needed to assure security as the Ethiopian government perceives it would involve a itical and financial burden on the U S which we find unacceptable A major weapons program would probably have a negative impact on U S interests by reinforcing the Ethiopian belief in a U S commitment and by raising the cost of disengagement Furthermore the Country Team ignores the real possibility that additional weapons would be used in Eritrea thereby seeming to involve the U S in the decade-old insurgency with possible risks to Kagnew 2 Political We believe that a summit meeting between the President and Emperor and to a lesser extent any meeting at the Cabinet level should be avoided at the present time Agreement to a Ilsummitll meeting would signal to the Ethiopian Government that we accept their version of the IIS oma l i threat and would make it very difficult·for the U S to avoid further military commitments We see no 'objections to consultations with other allies for an exchange of views since we believe most other allies as has France already would tend to down-play the alleged IIS omal i threat However we strongly disagree with the Country Team's option that the U S solicit military aid for Ethiopia from third countries and particularly wi t e notion that the U S encourage Israel to become even more involved ith t e Ethiopian military ' 3 Economic The AID-related possibilities and recommendations for action in the Country Team s messages appear to us clearly contrary to the purpose of economic assistance While the messages take note of the techi1 ical drawbacks to the· various options ' the overall significance and in our minds danger of shifting the priorities of U S economic assistance in Ethiopia from developmental to military are not properly weighed UNCLASSIFIED U S_ De artment of State Case No F-2016 '07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 •• ••• • ' J ' 0 ' Addis Ababa A-2J p 5 I We consider that one of the purposes of U S assistance is to encourage the receiving country to concentrate on econom ic and social development By broadening the Agriculture Sector Loan to allow shifting of lEG funds for military purposes by using part of a housing investment guarantee to allow purchases of military equipment or by provid ing PL-480 wheat indirectly for military purposes the USG would undermine long-term development prospects in Ethiopia and thus its own interests We are concerned that colonization of the Ogaden could exacerbate the tension in that area and between Ethiopia and Somalia We are also disturbed by receI -t indioations of U S Mission encouragement of the Ethiopian Government to move ahead with such plans IV OUR RECOMMENDATIONS ·U s policy guidelines on Africa call for less direct U S involvement in Africari 'affairs particularly military African governments to solve their own problems emphasis on regional economic development projects and international cooperation Therefore a viable long-term U S policy would avoid a commitment o the defense of Ethiopia and its territorial claimS or to maintenance of Ethiopia's military strength relative to its neighbors - It would also encourage the use of diplomatic channels for the settlement of bilateral disputes and in a longer term framework promote cooperative ventures on the economic side To this end we submit the following recommendations 1 Mission officers should make it clear to the Ethiopian Government that the U S considers Ethiopia capable of meeting the foreseeable Somali military pressures provided that it takes necessary m-easures to rationally allocate its resources and to eliminate nepotism corruption· and political influence in the military program They should also suggest that Ethiopia-could enhance internal security in the Ogaden through a more equitable and development-oriented policy At the same time it should be made clear that the U S does not have any IIspecial relationship -with Ethiopia other than existing treaty commitments our desire for good bilateral relations and our continued interest in Ethiopia's economic and social progress nor does the U S have any intention of competing with the Soviet Union in the Horn of Africa 2 The U S should strongly urge Ethiopia and Somalia to approach the Organization of African Unity OAU a the proper forum for discussi'On and mediation of the territorial and other disputes The approaching 10th anniversary celebrations provides the lEG with the opportunity to set this in motion Ethiopia has the stranger case by GAU standards since all'African states have ample reason to avoid re-drawing colonial boundaries the OAU being on record to this effect Focusing attention in the OAU on Soviet arms deliveries to Somalia may S138F 3 1'f UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 ' ' ' ' i ' • Addis Ababa A-2 'p 6 encourage limitations on deliveries of offensive weapons In an era of limited U S commitments Ethiopia should develop a more self-reliant role in the world in which it ust live We recommend planning now for expansion of Ethio-S omali economic cooperation particularly in the Ogaden An example of a continuing technical j oint venture is the campaign against rinderpest The U S and other foreign donors should encourage joint exploitation of natural resources affecting both countries e g oil and the Webe Shabe le River Such cooperation would exploit the areafs potential in an efficient manner develop the neglected land and people of the Ogaden and reduce tension between Ethiopia and Somalia by Parker D Wyman DaM Subject to Gen Dec1ass Schedule of Exec Order 11652 Automatically downgraded at 2-year intervals and declassified on 12 31 81 Cla sif1ed UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980067 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980092 Date 09 12 2017 i --S' @OJtJ Department of State TaWRAM IRELEASE IN PART Bsl · i 11 b c h uUt ' PAGE 01 0219 SANTO 231546Z 057 _ - ---- ' i 'ri r i 63 ACTION 55 14 INFO ' - - 1'4A0 Z' LU-' J • A J C 1015 W OCT l - '-' R 2 Y- f - Jf O A- cr 0 I I 0 E14 TI At q I yv 012365 FM A SSy SANto DOMINGO TO SECSTATf WASHoe 6145 e e 14 F IHSSENT I e M T I A L SANTO DOMINGO 2190 CHANNEL E O 11652 GOS TAGS PfOR SUBJECT' YOUTH PARA DISSENTING VIEW REF A STATE A 35S9 APR 18 l g72 B 5TA TE Ci'l7tJ130 12 C' SANTO DIMINGO 1787' 0 SANTO DOMINGO 21 I 1 THIS CABLE TRANSMITS A DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED BY·PSOS B6 2g SECTION IV OF RE S CJ AND 0' OUTLINES THE COUNTRY TEAM S VIEWS ·ON· THE RELATIVE IMPORTANf E OF YOUTH'I IN THE DOMJNICAN REPUB IC AND RECOMMENQS LEVElS OF PERSONNE TIME AND PROGRAM RESOURCES 'ro 6E DEVOTED TO THE MISSION'S YOUTH PROGRAM IT IS OUT'VIEW THAT CIRCUMSTANCES JUST If V A SIGNIFICANTLY LOWER PROfILE IN THE YOUTH FJE D AT A' TIME WHEN THE INlERESTS OF THE' USG IN THE DOMINICAN REPUBLIC HAVE SHIFTED AWAY FROM AN INVO VEMENT IN THE DETAILS OF DOMINICAN PO ICAL' LIfE AND WHEN THE TOTAL M NPOWER AND R SOURCES OF THIS MISSION ARE BEING REDUCED IT SEE S INAPPROPRIATE TO INCREASE THE EMPHASIS ON AN AMORPHOUS AND NARROW VOUTH SECTOR a 3 WE THEREFORE RECOMMEND THAT IN SECTION IV THE RELATIVE' YOUTH BE REDuceD TO MINIMAL AND THAT 'THE SPECIFIC PERCENTAGES OF 'PERSONNEL TIME AND PROGRAM RESOUR ES BE nw REU ACCORDINGLV THE ALTERNATIVE WOULD RESU T IN A wASTEFUL SEARCH FOR YOUNG PERSONS WHOSE RELATIVE NnN-IMPORTANtE IS ONLY TEMPORARILY CAMOUFLAGED By THE INTEREST OF THE USG IMPORTAN E'OF ORM os G52 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980092 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980092 Date 09 12 2017 ' Department of State TELEGRAM 4 OUR DISSENT HOWEVER IS NOT SO MU H FROM REFS C AND n WHICH ARE UNDERSTANDABLE RESPONSES GIVEN THE PARAMETERS SET IN STATE'S 070302 BUT FROM THE WHOLE YOUTH PARA SYNOROME REFLECTED IN ST T'S 070302 AND OTHER H 5SAGES WHICH SEEM RELICS OF A PREVIOUS ERA WHENI 1 THERE WERE' LARGER MISSIONS ABROAD' 2 TH USG BELiEVED ITS VITAL INTERESTS WERE AT STAKE IN ALMOST ANY UNDERDEVELOPED COUNTRY' ANO 3 USG OFFICIALS WERE CONFIDENT THAT IF THEY WORKED AT IT PROPERLY THEY COULD INFLUENCE GREATLY OR EVEN DETERMINE·'EVENTS IN T-HOSE eOUNTRIES 5 THE DISSENT RS' ARE PLEASED THAT OVERALL UoS e POLICY Nnw REFLECTS A MUCH MORE REALISTIC A SESSMfNT OF U S INTERSTS AND INP UENCE IN COUNTRIES SUCH As THE OOMINICAN REPUB IC ANO WE RECOMMEND THAT THE OEPARTMEN'f'S YOUTH PROGRAM BE· REVISED IN ACCORDANCE wlTH THAT CHANGE MELOY i' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980092 Date 09 12 2017 of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980140 Date 09 12 2017 ' p ' ' • ' i i t ' i J- tl a 'ia· ' ' • ' ' ' ···· · ··· i 11ri ' ii ' - -- - - ·Depa in·eh fIj Stat - - ' ' ' ' IMITED OF'te ALllUSE ' -I 'PA' GE 10l S T T E '22 s-i31 Ult·S· 66 ' ' ' ' iOrnGIN 8P' 0 r-' i· ' ' l'''' ' ' ' I NFO' • ' ' ' ' ' ' ' - iOCrr U ·· ES 91 1006 R ' ci A·F ·ED Y '8 P' i MARt'l' eO T 'iAP'P ROVEO' SY ' s p I S EW rs ' ij1lDBROWN ' • ' ' 'IRELEASE IN PART 86 ' QFP I iKQUtNN DRAFT 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'OFl'T H 1R ·' STAFFS A'T ' PREQUENT' · A ND · 'PERtOD·rc INTERVALS ··AND -WE· wtC SEE t·'THAT' THI·S· U·'OONE • ' i A 'i j r ' ' b f ii lih ' ' 1 r··· rt b ' L ' ·' tft r 'h'1r i ' ' U M Irl O OF tCXlL 'I··Y E' t W I - 1fj lj f'l i j § · C i hL ' ' ' ' - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980140 Date 09 12 2017 I ' ' ' t ' tM t'rED' -OFFt¢rAL USE' ' I' 0 ' AT ' ' 2 J S ' ·i' · ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ''' i' ' ' YOU·J HrSH 'ToO COMMUN·tCIiTEtF UR HER1ION T H·ISt SUe11 EC·T' A1 ' ' ' ' 8' ' IP· ' 'T H tS -U·M 10'R f'OL O aNGPTHE ' C'O'MF L ETibN O'fi THEI POS f' NS'PEC 'ON 1 HE' IOUWOi HE'CCOME ' A NY ADD·ittONlLI'THOUSld tkVou ·' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' HAlI 'HAVE · EIT HER THROUCHh'r HEl iD ·SSEN f-· · CH N NE'l i OR'i It·fRO'UGH' ' D iREC I ' 'CORRESPONO'ENCE'1 wtT H T HEi tNSP ECr dR GEN£R L It •• ' ' ' ' ' IDEPU1Y · U DER SECREtAR C'FDR' ANAGE ME'NT' OR 'THE 'OjR C QRJ' ' GENERAl l ' 'lNGER'S'rj' Li' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1 ' 1 _t f ' ' ' ' • ' • ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201S-07743 Doc No C17980140 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980162 Date 09 12 2017 - ' '' ' ' '-- '--' c -'- _ • _ - _c ' '-' •• ' ' - z DEPARTMENT F STATE Wl$hlneton O C 20520 iI IRELEASE IN PART B61 l Septemb r J 27 1974 MEMORANDUM i 1 86 -LI___________ TO AF C FROM SIP - Winston Lord SUBJECT Dissent Channel - DC-8 Sale to Gabori 'j ' I 't 4 This memorandum will acknowledge receipt of your dissent message of September 24 1974 on the proposed sale of a DC-8 to Gabon l Mr Willard A DePree of the Policy Planning Staff SIP has been named coordinator in charge of substantive response to this dissent message In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the ' Secretaryls Open Forum Panel Additional copies will be sent to the Assistant Secretaries for African Affairs and for Economic and Business Affairs ' l j As you were informed by Mr Swiers of my office the original draft of your di sent message was attached to the AF memorandum when it went to the Secretary Your request that your message be distrubuted outside the Department of State is being reviewed by' the coordinatqr rith the concerned bureaus' Per Jour request··to Hr· Swiers your revised final two pages were substituted in your dissent message and the originals returne 'herewith I I I I UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980162 Date 09 12 2017 co 641539 5 IED U S D ee § ctment of State Case No -201 -07743 Doc No C06415 95 ' I - ' 10 11 201 ' ta I'll ' Date ' _ ' ' _ __ i_ _ ' _ _ ' 2 - d J • RELEASE IN PART • in j Jlrio 132 oCT ml INFO BEST COPY AVAILABLE PAGE Ar nON II e B -6_ _ _- - - - yfr f ' ie1458z I' E·9 'l _H913 • e '4 J R 1'S B45Z Fr a 7i' '-- -_Q a D··1516e4Z FM AMeM AASYJICO TO SECSTATE WASHDe 7316 e N i i A JjO A i 22 STAOISiililliiliiiiliiilllliiiillllil CON F ISO oISS NT CH HlNe t I· -' I E a 116521 Gt s TAGSI fO SA • nI Acl DIPLOMA S ANO RAN OM SUBJECT REF J±riDi 65' JIDDA iZ 7 j H S MFis i1 Lll1N Mijs DIF lS rrf CHANNE ii±e poiNT OF r ' - 86 E C IT IS R aLJ ST O THAT IT i3 OUg T IeUTED r THE APP OPRIAT POLICY LEVELs IN TH OEPARTNENT SUM MAR vi i HI HARE i' HE f 0 c Po 0F 'T Ha 0 RIG I j ATO RS OF REFTiLS My OE P PERSONAL CONSIDERATIO OF T E O 6 NGEROUB p'ClSSi FlI R suL TS OF A POLICY THAT' R W Rbs TERR 0RI STS OF 1 I D A PE 5 I N A ' ' i' AY F0 Po CES MET EXP R 'THE Ol l Ot I NG COr lJ tT S M n np %Nro S THAT eON- sa FLIer WITH THE SUGG SrION OF E8FECT D COL EAGU S TO C ANG TH ESENT PDLIC i a DWeVZR a L E THAT TH U S ANTI-TERROR ST POLICy HlS BEEN RE lISS tN THE L AC I OF tI n v AFTEN-ACTtON HIe HI FEE L I F EFF CT 0 fill 0 IJ L pAL S0 0 ET R ' Wi TERRORISM AGAINST MY OLL A U S END SUMMARY - L _ ' 0 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415395 Date 10 11 2017 co 641539 5 IED U S epartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415395 Date 10 11 2017 - ----__ _ - S I PAGE 2 ·1 I j 1 I j I 1a TttE E WAS A T H jH N A PE $ON ITH DI SIOUS· C AIM OF U S CITIlE SHIP H T VATED A STATE E T BY ONE F OU E aE S W N OICARis A lVE O RASuL i DEAD HI H STR0c A COM6INAT ON PF FEAB Nn R SPEC1 IN THE H APTS OF ESPECTIVELY F RES 0 n F IF NOS r HER ESC I ' E ' t 1 0 f' Th f fI vl 0 F THE M YA8 U l RECENTLV TH UG A cHA OLE ILL TIMEO EXE C%SE IN THE FAR EASY CAusao eURST OF pRIDE FO EVERV R CAN • '1 • • -' o AND A J i 1- JI 2 TH rAyMENT OP A RANSO CR ACQUIE5CENSE TO ANY OEMAN $ FO T SAFe ETU N OF ou RSONNEL IN MY OPINION MAKi5 UA PA N ND C ONLY MAX US MORE AtTRACTXV A D VUL ERi L T tOING COM II MODI TIES FOR TH FRUSTRAT o o N·FRUST AT D 1AO IEN OF THIS Oi LD Tl-lf S C 'iIFICZ S THUS FM TQ TH R Nc I L F CF NOR A ' S H HAVe B NeE EP HURTS A I N KNf LL CUNi FRAN 1 Moq tI eLOy CbE OE MII C H T E ULT M T GENTLEMA AL eoa _ IT II LIf l r r l AS Of THEa ANO THE • 1 FOR A P l C PLE nULD BE OE M AN D IF NOW THE peLICY E a TO CHA GE THEY DIED FOR jOME H N 'IT A of TO_R NARD TH T RRORIST DF THE PRESENT A O CERTAINLY NOT FDR THE T R ORISTS OF THE FUTUR A CHA G OF POLIC WOU D E i MOC Y to THEIR M MnR S IF IT WfR OTHERS AC IFlceo A P 1· i i- 1 F p i AV TO '101 EL MeNT o RA SOM w REALIZ IT OR OT _ E ARE THE SOLDIeRS TO ACCEOE IN ItNV WHETHER ON ·YHF FRONT L1 I AS EUb OG SrS HA y ' POINT D ' OUT NE S OU D E AWA E C THE OA G e AN E A8LE TO ENDURE TH PRpS ECT o ISXS WE AR VOLUNT Ra IN A 8 NSE THE ryNLY THI I F EL WO THY OF IS TO ACCEPT THF AhlE caNCITID S N TH HOP iNO BE IEF T AT THel SACRIFICE DEMOHSfR tEO THE U3E e5SN S6 OF TH TERRCR S I --r Ol 1F BEWrI6J UNCLASSIFIE U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415395 Date 10 11 2017 1 CO 641539 5 IED u s D epartment of State Case No ' i -2016-07743 ' ' Doc No C06415395 Date 10 11 2017 -- - - - -- ' ' -- --- -- -- - -' ---' --'-- '- ' ' ------- - - - -- ' ··-' 'J· C' '1 • i j l '1 ·i CONP'lbEN'i'iAt I I 1 ii JICOA i1 22 PAGE' 03 i j ·1 ·'I · I i HET WITH utET OI LOMACY f TSNeER EXPRESSJONS OF R G ET TING O XTH CISYA nF THE H RRORS N MANY CASES WE KN OR KNO H R T TE RQRISTS ARE A O THE FE SO S IN PC E Y N TIolE C UNTRY OF 1 I i WHAi O E CAN O AL OF THE C I E ERE 1· f I 1 j THE OFF NSE WHO T T E MUR E S GO ARE THE SA E XCE T fHAT T Y RE NOW PO E T AL AID RECIPI Nf8 ' THF MISSING F CTOR N OUR PCLl CY TO'OET R TERROoISTIC C IMES GilNST nu SE2VIC jNn OUR CITIZENS HAS e E A6SENC OP ANY PCRc ul T IBUTIO W CA suLL SP K SOFT Y 9UT E N E6 THAT 8 G BTI K l TODAYIS WDRLD FOR WHATEVFR ZT MIGHT BE CRTH SUGGE9T AN CFFICI'L DEC A A I N OF VAR AGAINST AL 'L r 0 R S 0 FiE 'R r R S1 ' T -l Cr- c A1I p 0FAN LIT I ' CORPS OF SCUE 5 WIT IN OU ILIrA Y S RVICES THE ISSUANCE OF WEAPO S IN P CIAL ITUAT ONS TO M M2 R OF OU SERVICE A D 30L PUELlCITY A60UT OUR INT NTIONS fHAT i TE O TO FIGHT BACK ANO D OT CT EV RY AME Cd OFFICIA OR PRtVATE ND tHns HD SE V ue AaR AO SUCH AS THAT OND FUL PSONI II SEIROT A D THE HUNOREOR F OTH S NO CO M TTED TO US WITHOUT SENEP T O CITI2EMSHtP ' -' i i I 4 ' WHy THis E PH SIS ON RET I UTIO 7 aECAUS _ SOHE TER ORISTS CtN 6E eX E TEJ TO F RFORM TH X DEEOS NOT FOR MeN Y OR AN80M OR RELE SE OF CO TERRORI T 6 T T DRAW T E WGRlCiS ATTENTION TO WHAT THEY CO SID R PQL T C INJUSTICE OR FRUSTRAfxQNS R A S TKE O LG DET NT FOR TI'lESE IS THE TH EAT OF RETRtS JTIO PORTeR ' ' -_ ' ' ' I ---- ------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department9f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415395 Date 10 11 2017' 86 co 641605 g IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416059 Date 10 11 29 lL RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE AGENCY FOR INTERNATIONAL DEVELOPMENT WASHINGTON D C ZO lZ3 March 14 1977 CONFIDENTIAL MFMORANDUM SIP Mr Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff TO B6 I FROM ASIA PT ' L-__________________ A I D SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE Nonnalization of Relations with Vietnam -- Steps Along the Way dissent channel viewpoint of office of Philippines and Thailand Affairs Asia Bureau A LD In addition to nonnal distribution to policy planning staff I desire distribution to officers in the EA and EB Bureaus in State who deal with the'subject matter I intend to arrange for distribution within the Asia and PPC Bureaus of A I D I 1 This memorandum nresents B6 2 I wish to associate myself with the dissent channel message dated February 15 1977 on ''US PoliCY tOloJards the IMF IBRD and ADB in Vietnam by I IAsia DCS A I D I I presents a convincing case for encouraging rather than resisting economic relationships between the SRV and the international financial insti tutions Such contacts he argues will foster SRV tendencies to pragmatism and openness Certainly if normalization is our ultimate goal as I think it should be those Vietnamese tendencies are worth cultivating In a fast-changing and interdependent world it makes good sense for the United States not only to overcame the emotionalism and bitterness of past conflict but actually to promote Indochinese participation in the community of nations B6 3 Supporting an SRV stake in the IFIs is a desirable step toward nonnaiization Amending our aid and PL 480 legislation is another In the first instance we should seek removal of all legislative constraints on other country trade and aid to Vietnam in particular those contained in Section 620 n of the FAA and Section 103 Cd of PL 480 In CONFIDENTIAL GDS I - J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416059 Date 10 11 2017 - - co 641605 9 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416059 Date 10 11 2017 ' CONFIDENTIAL -2- current policy terms both of these wartime provisions are essentially obsolete and should be repealed Additionally we should begin now to seek removal of the legislative prohibitions on aid to Vietnam In particular Section 108 of the FY 77 Appropriation Act Depending upon progress of the current U S delegation on MIA issues bilateral assistance may be a distant possibility Nevertheless an attempt nm to seek repeal of the legislative prohibition would provide an opportunity for developing Congressional and public support for normalization Prohibitions on aid were enacted in the immediate aftermath of the American ithdrawa1 from Vietnam If we are to begin healing the wounds of war we need to remove the constraints to that process A PT LMichael Hager mem 03 15 77 CONFIDENTIAL - -_ _---_ _--- _ ----- -- ------ _ _----_ - _ _-_ _--_ _--- _-- ------_ _ _--_ - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416059 Date 10 11 2017 _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Deeartment of State Case No F-2016- 07743- Doc No C06431695 I Date 11113 2017 I o o RELEASE IN PART iMiT O OF iciAL US SRXOG m 12 PAGE 0i 86 10i 524Z a AC1' ON SPPteJ2 iNPO 'Ee ei bCt 0 r IMITC D bF' CIAL US BRXCr fTOWN i720 C Oi SENt EO OHANNEL FROM wi LiAM OIEOR CH ii6ij i NA • LA S aJECT' ARA Aa OR ATTACHE CON EReNC it LABOR ATTACHES AT' ASA_eosr8 HAVE 6 EN iNviTiC'TO A TTENO THE AlU 'A OR ArTAc e CONFERENC · AT' SANJJQ3 • o f OM SEP M8ER 20 TO 'a • A 1M QESIGNAT O 'PQLtlTICAt I AeOR OFFXC R X OROINARILY WOU o MAVE ATT NDEO·JHt$ _ l CONFER NCf AND IN PACT WAS 'TO D BY THE AMSASS OQR·THAT TAGS' AP' R ' I WOULD GO I NOW U O R TAND AOM T OC ·T ATITHE o ECONOMIC O FXC R XS 'TO ATT NO IN MY ' TEAO EXPLAlNEO N AN WER TO MY QUgST%ON AS To TO ATT NO TMATTTHE AMeA$SADQR CONSIOER D 'TM' DeM WHY I WAS OT 'TH T I eMOU Q _ NOT Bt CA E X HAVE BEEN CRtTtC AL OF TME AMERICAN INSTITUTE F E LASOR OEV O MENT· AI L P' _ _ 2 INoeEO X AM CRITXCAL O AX D THOUGH NOT 'CESSARI V' OF' THE BR Qr e T WN OFF CE OF AXF D' oX U eT%ot l TH HHOL E CONCEPT Or- AtFLO AND TH IORG ANU ATIOtl' s I ' I CT 'ON US NTERE$TS' • X DXSe NT ·F BCM THE VXEW 'T HAT 'THE SAN JOS CCNrER NCE $HO L O Sf ATTENQ O ON Y eY'THoo WHO A PPRQVE • Or AlF O AND XTS WORI 8 ON TM ' C ONTRARY X T eRE Je TO eE A US FU qXS UsStON OF At LD 'THAT %$ PRECZSE Y WHAT'IS NOT WANTED ' j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 9ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431095 Date 11 13 2017 UN'CLASSIFIED 1 Io J U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431095 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' tJ I ' 86 -- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc_ No C06431095 Date 11 13 2017 __ ------------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431533 Date 12 11 2017 rnrB-e-fi-tf -m- J- - -u- ru--m- -u CONFIDENTIAL OUTGOING Departl1zent oj'State STATE PAGE 01 oR II GIN S - 0 2 INFO OCT-61 150-00 ® 1 LEASE I f' 3T I 265529 ES-Ol TELEGRAM 1004 R ORA F H 0 8 Y 5 IP RH I NBERG APPROVED BY SIP PKRE I'SBERG DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY ------- ----------099453 651816Z 153 o 051759Z NOV 77 ZFF4 FM SECSTATE WASHoe' TO AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO NIACT IMMEDIATE CON F·' D f M T I A t STATE 265529 DISSENT E O CHANNEL fOR I I ONLY '-----------' FROM KREISBERG SIP 11652 GOS AGS DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE CARTER TO PRESIDENT PINOCHET SUBJECT REf 1 • 86 A SANTIAGO 9018 LETHR fROM PRESIDENT 8 STATE 262398 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RAPID AND THOUGHTFUL DISSENT MESSAGE YOUR OPINIONS WERE GIVEN HIGH-LEVEL CONSIDERATION BUT IT WAS DECIDED THAT THE LETTER TO PRESI·DENT PINOCHET AS SIGNED BY PRESIDENT CARTER AND CONTAINfD IN REF B SHOULD GO FORWARD UNALTERED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE 2 - TO YOUR PARTICULAR ARGUMENTS THE DISSENT CHANNEL IS 3 • A MORE LENGTHY RESPONSE WILL FOLlO YOUR USE or COMMENDED CHRISTOPHER ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431533 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471687 Date 01 11 2018 1 I1 J J i RELEASE IN PART 86 OFFICIAL-INFORMAL UNCLASSIFIED August 1 1972 J I I Mr G Larry Englebrake American Embassy Guat mala City Guatemala Dear Mr Englebrake Thank you for your letter of June 13 endorsing t I earlier dissent message and requesting tha policy underlying the prQvisions of 3 FAM 629 lr he be reconsidered I can assure you that this policy is currently under review in Personnel and I am hopefiil' tliat 'an 'early d cision 'will be ached on this matter Sincerely' yours Signed William I Cargo William I Cargo Director Planning and Coordination Staff Ullcr n SSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471687 Date 01 11 2018 I 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471870 Date 01 11 2018 I I I A-51 tv -l----l----f 10 I FIlO NO II R 1110 H NOL INC INOICI TOn Departmen t TO INri'O IRELEASE IN PART B61 OTTA 'IA 1 COM I'no 1 40 XMU IIIR y CI NAVY USIA SA FROM lImconsul Btu I X - I l J i h hNALYSIS BRANCH DATE July 17 1972 SU6JECT Dissent Nessa le U S Government Responsibility for Hy Lid REF State 0 - 3559 i pr l 8 1972 - r1 JS1F Wl' CHANNEL I Thjg airf r1m transmits a dissenting viml subm i tted by Ii'SO- 2 1 I _ jl rincipal Officer at this post L -_ _ _- ' I note that procedures for retirement from the FOl'ej ffl1 Service no lon r rp l111i t'f I e ret i r Ll1g 'SO to submH l' httG to the Sc rcta ' j or ' t at e cutlin ng ren on l for departure from tht1 l'Vj Ctl Tn i s appeal'S to be an unfortunate step tn the directio 1 of a furt 1sr re tuction of communiGations betMeen officers and the Becretar ' believe it I-Iould be useful if mea s -fere retaj ned for retiring officers to present the reasons fo thej r action hOl- efully so that the Service m ll'r profit from their c o m e n t s · · fpORTIONS ILLEGIBLE In the ahsence of such a channel of' communication the riissent ch 'irJ1e1 is u sed to express this officer' s 1 mdllin nr ss to be further ss d Il ted with the actions of the execut i ve branch of a r overrunent that ir itinted no teps to dj scipline a mn ttary l1li t that took action at t· y Lai sjmilar to that perpetr lted hy t he Nazjs at 1 idice The steps th 'it 'ere t tken Here j nitiat ' l- l oul side oC t he executive branch of the United t utes 'Jovernment and o 11y th n did the Army relu ctantl v move I IIJn addition there has been mIlch tes j mO l f hy Vietnam combat vetera '1s or th oye-witness accounts of the systematjc use of elec rj cal torture beat ing s a'1d in some ·c ses· murder or men omep and children by their mEi tar r uni ts in V i et nrun ' H the Nuremburp and Tokyo Tar crjmes tr i als· the Drinciole -Tas cstabHshed by the United t ltes Government th-3 t miHta -'y and public LECfichls were respo sible for Hat' crimes conun i tted by troops under FOR d 2 OS 323 LD1 rTEO Oll' i'ICHL US' $ -1 FOR PEPT to'S OSL Y DIn OOUI 86 I '-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471870 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471870 Date 01 11 2018 ' --- -- ' -- I '--r r c ' _ ' •• ' ' • t ' r 'r ' I ' - f ' 0' t ' •• ' 11 '''' J 1 ' _ 1 '- - ' - ' 1' ·l ' i I ' r · 1 _ f ' r ·t·f • 'I' ''' '''' '' i£ LJ ' JTI n I ' - - - - - ' ' I' r HalJ ·fax 'i'-81 It - I ' '0 1 ' ••• _ _ _ _l __ _ _ - -- ••• • Cfo'li'JCHL USE ' ' ' ' t ' L He practice' thl S t 0 ' - -- lIJ '- J I -- l --- -t ' i 0' ' • l ' ' ' _ ' ' ' • • 1 o¥ I r ·· i · thtij - co m d' - oursei ves of - - -- - ·· - · ·tr j-··-···-· v'j jrily recqll th'e rem r s l df durjn thp t9 I tO IS ahout hw all Geman of rjciR ls shnuld have protest ·j ami rnfused to coopel'ate lith a ovE'rr'Jllent · iihat ramj tted Lidica and sirTl ih1 a ctions to happeno One of my reasons for rat r in at t he ar e of O arte ' 29 years of p overrUllent service is that I do '1 iIOI 'Iant to bF associated lith the Mtio ns of an executivo branch that taJ es ' no effective steps gain t ntt'Ocities too sim i J ar to those of the N 1Zj s I o not 1'1ant to be associat'ed 'In t·1l torture Md JIlUrder$ lhether this j s done by Po r o mnu ist or fascist ' r IC'nt or the executive branch of the Unj ted i sta es GovOt'Tlm€'Jlto J part i cl11Rl'l ' 10 not -i tot to be associated with a 5''1ernment that inH iat es no o ' t j op H hen babieD ara deliherately killed • ''' 1 ' 1 '-3S59 st tt s d afters Ina ' j·rl' li nte t std butlon they desire r desit'e ' 1 · l·· hn t this ail' r a1Tl be rlistribut 1 t o each li'ore i r n Service Off icer Ny obvious purpose is to help Cl'e lte an l iiosphel'e in 1 hj ch the axecutj ve br a'1ch of the i ··T·' lln ited at elJ C'lQvornJllc nt 7 5 11 no ' permit it units to murder and torture' 1 H -'oreir-n Service -3 nrl othet' U q off icers I'n-'l de knmm t leir dis ust and - '-' 'horror at such act i ons as Hy L i · hopefull pressure can be developed to r e n t a recurrence or such C' n e 'ent ' I 2' i ' ' t c· h't - l 't l i ' t i h ' ' 7 ' ' 'jfl ' '0 ' I• ' ' ' 1' ' ' · l i r ' l F • 'f • '· r 1 0 dO' - ' 0 ' ' '1' 1 _ _ I I ' -j ·i r ' ' ' • ••• - w 1 ' ' t ••••• f ' ' f · 'i -r ' t ' 'i NOT1 Declass i f'y to Unc aljsi 1 ed on A gust l 2 • I ' ' • ' · t I' ' · I' r·1 ''' 'i 1 f ' r'of i i t · '' ' ' ' ''''''' ' ··· · · 'I '' ' r' •• J ' I J G ·f · t ' eymnur lic1'sh o ' • ' ' l t' 1 - t · ' ' 1 o r · ' ' ·n ·'·· r·'JOi I r 'ih - 'I 'n I ' l i · I ' l t t l' f' 'J' •• ••••• t ' •• t ' ' t i n l '- i ' - ·t ' t ·p r I ' ' ' - ' ' b' r - _ __ - _ • - ' ' 0 _ • ' l P' - - - - -' 'c ' - _ _ - _ _ • 1___ __ - _ ' l r • • • • • r bJ· c t ' ' ·' ' · · 1n ' ' ' ' ' ' rri' 1 1 1 i f t 'V j t· · r • i 'i l · it -- ' -i' ' ' t _· t · 0 - e f i i''' ' ·I CH j ih' i i '· ' ' t l ' I 1 ··j·i·j I -··1' I -·r ·· ro - __ 'l' 1 Jl · t · I Ln- rJ j ' n ·jtn · c 'I' c C · - l • ' to - ' ' '1 i ' r Of' 1 'J ' ' ·r °n l t · ·I r· ' ' ' l '7' ' ' ' ' i r t ··oI ' · · · n · f 0 t - iJ '-i ·t 'V 1 1 ' ' 1 I ' t t 1 '1 0 ' ' ' l' ' ' 1 - 1 1 i t 't l '1 'I ' lJ · j • f ' ' ' 'l ' ' ' F t ' · r · I fu'r those l1ho 'thinl this sort of thing all' ays happens in '''ar I recommend a 'careful readinB of the· report s on Ny as Lai of such correspondents ' 86 r ··j · ·3·' i' J - j t t· j r ' · ·o t - -r r - a ' - 7 - ' • - ' -'7 7 - ' - '- ' ''''''- ''''-''' -•• _• - -' ' -- 'Il t ·'-- _ _ _ __ __ _- _ _ _-_ --_ - _ _ - - _- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06471870 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472499 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART • -------------------- ---- B6 I • Department of State UNC ASSIFIEO PAr E 01 QUITO 05375 FM I I if 142225Z ACTION COpy A eTlON SP 03 OCT· l I TELEGRAM 1658 13 YNPO 0 ES-02 1006 W -· ' 20 6l UG 74 AM MaASSY QUITO ••• w ••• • • • • • _ •••• 072033 TO SECSTATE WASHoe 2127 Nr AS QUlTo 5 15 nBSENT CHANNEL n 116521 N A TAr si IIPER URJI DISSENT LETTER C I OISStNT CHANNEL LETTE OF fE6 UARY 25 1974 BY 86 L I _ _ _ _ _ _- - ' nI SENTXNG VIEW PRESENTED IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL nU OEL1N S aUT NO CKNOWLEOGEMENT RECEIVED SUBJECT tON IOERS QEFTEL LETTEP TO SE DISSENT LEfTER RATHER THAN FORMAL GRIEVANCE 8 I ETTER CONCERNS OEPA TMENT OF STATE POLiCY OR LACK THEREOF Rf J ETTER BENT FROM PREVIOUS POST TEGUCIGALPA REQUEST REPLY R 'wSTcR k II 2 $t' 2- fA t J P rlr c·'tv 1 'A-5 f Ie J' As t fa n 5lM'fl'lJ' rJ t l o 'c ' it s UNCI ASS1F1EO _- - - -- _- - 0- 0_- • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472499 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F -2016-07743 Doc No C06472981 Date 01 11 2018 I RELEASE IN PART LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 86 1 March 18 1971 L TO M - Mr AWi1son FROM SIp - Peter B Swiers ' ' ' I am forwarding this letter from I I of our Embassy in Tegucigalpa to you for appropriate action Mr Young asks guidance on alleged misuse of government facilities by visiting congressmen Please end a copy of any reply to our office 86 I Attachment Ali - As stated cc - _ -' - - _ ' f '-C '« y 77 rp SIs - l'lr Springsteen 'H - Mr Aherne _ - -- - -- - - _-- - c-rfl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472981 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - ' - -7 ' - - ' ' - -I '-· - - ' 'r' 0' t' l - 1_ t L '- ' l •• • t 7 C ·· TELH r J I -8 1 ' J ie °r I' I - -- '- l RELEASE IN PART 86 • OC'IIr · ' _ _ _ _ ••• _ c _ _ n •• CONFnEN'fI ' ' I' • eO •• • _ _ t_ I T_ ' tI r n ' _ SIP TTHORNTOt ifwHINKLE VMY ' S P PWOLFOWrTZ 7 29 82 X21DD9 ARAICEN RBLOHM INR IAA LLICHT OFP E VENDSON ARA SWBOSWORTH HA DROBERTS ROUTINE 86 TAGS CASe PINS SHUM UBJECT RECOGNITION OF RIOS MONTT PRESIDENCY REF GUATEMALA 4173 CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT 1 THANK YOU FOR YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE REF TEL WHICH HAS BEEN GIVEN THE DISTRIBUTION YOU REQUESTED AS WELL AS CUSTOMARY DISTR 8UTION'TO THE PRINCIPAL OFfICERS Of THE DEPARTMENT 2 SEVERAL OF THE POINTS THAT YOU MAKE IN YOUR TELEGRAM ARE SHARED HERE T fUTURE COURSE OF GUATEMALA UNDER A RIOS MONTT P RESIDENCY IS CERTAINLY OPEN TO QUESTION THE ABSENCE OF AN ELECTORAL TIMETABLE IS DISTURBING AND THE POLICY THAT RIOS MONTT WILL ULTIMlTELY TAKE TOWARD THE GUERILLAS IS UNCERTAIN THE OBJECTIVES THAT YOU HAVE FOR GUATEMALA ARt I BELIEVE UNIVERSALLY SHARED HER£--A FULL RESTORATION OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND A RETURN TO REPRESENTATIVE GOVERNMENT 3 WE ARE LESS PESSIMISTIC THAN YOU ARE HOWEVER AND BELIEVE THAT THERE HAS BEEN SINCE THE MARCH COUP A MODEST POSITIVE TREND THAT IS WORTH PRESERVING AND STRENGTHENING THE MOST DIFFICULT PART OF ANY POLICY THAT IS HEAVILY INFLUENCED BY HUMAN RIGHTS CONSIDERATIONS IS PR CISELY THE STAGE e614FIDEN'fIAL _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 I I• ' OUiGOING TELeGRAM OPT O ' o L FORi · 1 5· OCn' do·nil Fo me Iy OS·322· t 'OC ' O r l o Srale AT WHICH WE ARE IN GUATEMALA -THE GRADUAL REPLACEMENT Of PUNISHMENTS BY REWARDS AS A MEANS OF RECOGNIZING PROGRESS MADE AND OF ENCOURAGING FURTHER PROGRESS STRAIGHT-OUr CONDEMNATION AND FULL-SCALE PRESSURE ARE ALTERNATIVES BUT ONLY IF THEY WORK N THE BASIS OF PAST PERFORMANCE IN GUATEMALA WE DO NOT BELIEVE THAT THEY WILL· THEY COULD WELL RESULT IN A REVERSAL OF THE PR GRESS MADE AND THE END OF THE MODEST BUT REAL INFLUENCE THAT WE HAVE OVER THE SITUATION IN GUATEMALA 4 WE HAVE CONCLUDED THAT THERE IS A REASONABLE POSSIBILITY THAT RIOS MONTT WILL PROVID POSITIVE LEA ERSHIP IN GUATEMALA OBVIOUSLY THIS IS BY NO MEANS ASSURED HE IS A MERCURIAL PERSONALITY AND MUST BE WATCHED CLOSELY IT IS IMPORTANT HOWEVER TO LOOK BEHIND HIS RHETORIC T SEE JUST WHAT HE DOES ESPECIALLY WHEN THE AMNESTY PERIOD DRAWS TO AN END YOUR PREDICTION MAY TURN OUT TO BE C R­ RECT BUT IT WOULD 8E UNWISE TO PREJUDGE A SITUATION THAT MAY HAVE A POSITIVE OUTCOME ESPECIALLY WHEN THERE IS NO READILY APPARENT BETTER ALTERNATIVE 5· THE PRESENT SITUATION IN GUATEMALA IS INDEED NOT DEMOCRATIC BUT HARDLY LESS SO THAN THE JUNTA ITSELf OR FOR THAT MATTER OF ANY LIKELY SUCCESSOR REGIME I AGREE THAT WE MUST PRESS FOR A RETURN TO DEMOCRACY IN GUATEMALA ALTHOUGH THE NEAR-TERM OUTLOOK MAY EVEN BE LESS aRIGHT THAN ON THE HUMAN RIGHTS FRONT AGAIN IF WE ARE TO HAVE ANY POSITIVE EFFECT IT IS MORE LIKELY TO BE ASSOCIATED WITH INCENTIVES RATHER THAN SANCTIONS I FAIL TO SEE ANY REASON WHY ON INSTITUTIONAL GROUNDS WE SHQULD WITHDRAW FROM RIOS MONTT WHEN WE ARE WILLING TO DEAL WITH THE OTHER EQUALLY UNDErOCRATIC JUNTA 6· THE PROGRAMS THAT WE PROPOSE TO UNDERTAKE IN GUATEMALA ARE LIMITED IN SCOPE AND DESIGNEDLY SO SINCE THEY ARE RESPONDING TO EVIDENCES OF PROGRESS THAT ARE ALSO LIMITED AND A SITUATION THAT IS AMBIVALENT THEY DO HOWEVER SERVE THE DUAL PURPOSE OF ENCOURAGING PROGRESS WHILE STRENGTHENING GUATEMALA'S CAPABILITY TO DEAL WITH FORCES WHOSE TRIUMPH WOULD HARM OUR INTERESTS AND THOSE OF GUATEMALA OUR ASSISTANCE SHOULD NOT BE SEEN AS SUPPORT FOR RIOS MONTT AS AN INDIVIDUAL BUT FOR THE REFORM PROGRAM WE BELIEVE THAT IT PROVIDES THE BEST LEVERAGE FOR ENCOURAGING FURTHER IMPROVEMENT L cer fnErffIAt J _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of-State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 • f - '····1 - 'V'l ' 7C -·--- --· ·-- - --· --- --1 o • ·· · i ·I · OPiIO · 'l i'On ia5· IOCR iO·75 Fo mc ' DS·322· IOC t 7 I VERY MUCK APPRECIATE YOUR EXPRESSING YOUR VIEWS THROUGH THE DISSENT CHANNEL ON THIS ADMITTEDLY DIFFICULT MATTER WE ARE DEALING WITH UNCERTAINTIES IN THE FUTURE AND EVEN TO SOME EXTENT IN THE PRESENT HAVING WEIGHED THE POSSIBILITIES INCLUDING THE CONSIDERATIONS THAT YOU H AVE PUT FORTH THE DEPARTMENT REMAINS Of THE VIEW' THAT A POLICY OF MODEST INCENTIVES IS BEST fOR US AND BEST FOR GUATEMALA THIS POLICY WILL HAVE TO B KEPT UNDER CLOSE REVIEW BY THE DEPARTMENT AND THE EMBASSY TO MAKE SU E IT IS SERVING ITS PURPOSE I AM GLAD THAT YOUR SENSITIVE CONCERN FOR THE SITUATION IN GUATEMALA IS ONE OF THE INPUTS TO THAT REVIEW PROCESS YY C9NFIBE'J1UL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476391 Date 01 11 2018 co 641695 O IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 ---------_ _--- UNCLASSIFIED S P BDMILETICH BDM EXT 22972 11-18-77 SiP ALAKE 'S P ONLY • ROUTINE PORT AU PRINCE DISSENT CHANNEL E· O 11652 NI A· SUBJECT FO ' or ' DELETION OF FUNDING IN HAITI HEAltH DELIVERY SERVICES REF PR OJ CT 086' OF AID tTATE 261096 86 1 REFTEL SHOULD HAVE BEEN SLUGGED FROM SIP DIRECTOR LAKE YY L - - I UNCLASSIFIED - _ -- - - i ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department ofStat e Q ase No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 1Y2017 __ CO 641695 O IED • a-- •• T • l e r _ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 ' ' - to '1- - 1 on - e I ' ' ' '- I ' ' r P' ' A -· h r r '« V % ---T ' Y· -'e - 1'''' h' C ' • 1ft 1 UNCLASSIFIED LA CAR H WGRHOADS JWK 10 21 77 EXT 22129 _____ _ SIP WALA K _ _ __ _ _ ___ _ LA DR RGOMEZ DRAfT AA LA W COY SIP HHENTGES DRAFT LA DR MBROWN DRAFT SIP OPEN FORUM DKINNEY DRAFT LA CAR GFGOWER PORT AU PRINCE ROUTINE l lSSE NT -CHANNEL ---_ --- CO 11652 N A TAGS N A DISSENT CHANNEL - FOR I fROM SIP DIRECTOR LAKE 'SUBJECT DELETION OF FUNDING IN HAITI PROJECT 086 OF A I·D FOR HEALTH DELIVERY SERVICES REFS A PAP 2945 B STATE 165854i C PAP 2647 D STATE 186639 E PAP 3087 F STATE 24881 1· SUMMARY THE ADDITIONAL FUNDING FOR THE HEALTH PROJECT IN HAITI ADVOCATED IN YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE CAN BE INCLUDED IN THE NEW FY 1978 HEALTH PROJECT FOR HAITr A I D 'S LATIN AMERICA BUREAU HAS NOT WITHDRAWN ITS SUPPORT' FOR A MAJOR PROGRAM TO DESIGN AND IMPLEMENT A RURAL HEALTH DELIVERY SERVICE IN HAITI BUT BEFORE ANY ELEMENT OF ANY PROJECT IN THE SERIES CAN BE AUTHORIZED A PROPERLY PREPARED PROJECT PAPER MUST BE ON HAND THAT CAREFULLY PROGRAMS AND JUSTIFIES ALGPROPOSED EXPENDITURES AND ELATES THEM TO THE LONG RUN GOAL OF THE PROJ ECTS 2 IN YOUR DISSENT CABLE REF A YOU OBJECTED TO THE DECISION IN THE DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE·EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE DAEC OF THE LATIN AMERICA BUREAU TO CUT FUNDING FOR PROJECT 086 - HEALTH PROJECT II - BY ABOui THREE MILLION DOLLARS THEREBY ELIMINATING ALL FUNDS FOR THE GOH MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO BE USED FOR EQUIPMENT AND MATERIALS DRUGS AND -----_ ' 7 _ ' --_ _--- • - '---'-- UNCLASSIFIED --------- --------- --'--- - ------ - - -- ---- -- -- -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Sta t Gase No F- z 016-07743 D c N o C064 1 950 Oat 101 1 2017 86 CO 641695 O IED u s 1 j t • • B a'· C' Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 I 'i ·' ·l 'Z ' '4 ' UNCL ASSIfIED a ' • N' ' J I ·· tr · ·' ·'11 9 i -·P··hCZ ' I 2 1t SUPPLIE VEHICLES POL CONSTRU TIqN AND REHABILITATION AND MAINTENANCE AND FOR FUNDING YEARS 3 4 AND 5 OF THE PROjECT YOUR OB ECTION WAS BASED ON TWO GROUNDS l ·IT BROKE FAITH WITH TH MINISTRY Of HEALTH WHICH HAD BEEN ASSURED IT WOULD RECEIVE THE FUNDS IN THE NEW PROJECT AS PART OF A LONG RANGE PLAN TO DEVELOP A LOW COST RUR·AL HEALTH DELIVERY SYSTEM RHDS TO COVER AT LEAST 70 PERCENT ·OF THE POPULATION AND 2 IT WOULD MAKE IT IMPOSSIBLE TO DEVELOP DESIGN AND TEST A PRACTICAL RHDS THAT COULD BE REPLICATED COUNTRYWIDE BY LATER PROJECTS IN THE BELIEF THAT AID W HAD DECIDED NOT REPEAT NOT TO CONSIDER PROVIDING THE DELETED FUNDS AT A LATER DATE YOU REQUESTED THE FULL RESTORATION OF THE E TIRE AMOUNT WHICH HAD BEEN CUT 3 THE L·A BUREAU StLIEVES YOUR OBJECTION WAS BASED ON SEVERAL MISUNDERSTANDINGS WHICH HAVE SINCE BEEN RESOLVED SO THAT· THE PROJECT IS NOW MOVING FORWARD PROPERLY 4 fIRST THE L A BUREAU AND AID W HAVE NOT RETREATED fROM A POLICY Of WORKING WITH THE MINISTRY OF HEAL TH TO ·DEVELOP A WIDESPREAD·RHDS IN HAITI ONE OR MORE ADDITIONAL PROJECTS ARE PLANNED fOR THIS PURPOSE ·AND IF A SATISFACTORY PRO ECT PAPER CAN BE PREPARED THE L·A BUREAU HOPES TO AUTHORI2E A NEW PROJECT FOR THIS PURPOSE NO 091 IN FV 1978 THE ACTING MISSION DIRECTOR WA ASSURED Of THIS COMMITMENT BY THE DIRECTOR OF LA DR ON· AUGUST 18 1977 INCLUDING THE INFORMATION THAT THE ITEMS DELETED FROM PROJECT D8b CAN BE INCLUDED IN PROJECT 091 F A PROPER JUSTIfICATION IS RECEIVED 5 SECONDLY WHILE PREFERRING THIS APPROACH THE L A BUREAU IS ALSO WILLING TO CONSIDER A REQUEST FRoM USAIDI HAITI FOR AMENDING PROJECT 08b IF THE MISSION SHOULD WISH TO ARGUE THAT THIS COURSE IS PREFERABLE AND PRESENTS A SOUND JUSTIFICATION REF F · I 6 THIRDLY WHILE THE LATIN AMERICA BUREAU PLANS AND DESIRES TO SUPPORT THE EFFORTS OF THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH TO DEVELOP AND IMFLEMENT THE RHDS IT HAD BY NO MEANS PROMISED MANDATED ·OR COMMITTED THE FUNDS TO THE MISSION FOR THE PROJECT ELEMENTS WHICH· WERE LATER DELETED BY THE DAEC NOTWITHSTANDING THE LONG TERM COMMITMENT IN PRINCIPLE EACH SPECIFIC COMMITMENT OF FUNDS FOR A PROJECT MUST DEMONSTRATE ADEQUATE PLANNING ANALYSIS AND COSTING AND BE SPECIFICALLY AUTHORIZED BY AID W THERE UNCLASSIFIED L -- - - -_ - -- -- - • ----- - - - -- --- - '- J -- -- - - - - - - - --- - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-·2·016-07743· Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 co 641695 O IED •• 0' • 4 • U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 - • • e I • tt ' - Ii' c '1 IL • 5 ··· - th' dc I UNCLASSIFIED I C·'· rEd ' 0'1' 3 WAS NO eXEMPTION FROM THIS REQUIREMENT FOR PROJECT 086 FOR THIS REASON ALL A I D MISSION STAfFS MUST TAKE CARE IN DISCUSSING PROPOSED PROJECT ASSISTANCE WITH HOST GOVERNMENT OFFICIALS TO'AVOID CREATING THE IMPRESSION THAT AN A I D COMMITMENT EXISTS PRIOR TO BUREAU REVIEW AND AUTHORizATION OF FUNDING FOR THE PROJECT 7 T E L A BUREAU IN LATE JUNE HAD IDENTIFiED A NUMBER Of_ WEAKNESSES IN THE PROJECT PAPER FOR 086 WHICH HAD TO BE CORRECTED BEFORE ALL PROJECT ELEMENTS COULD BE AU HORIZED AND NOTIFIED USAID HAITI'OF THIS IN REF B IT PRUVIDED T Y ASSISTANCE TO HELP THE MISSION PROVIDE THE ·ADDITIONAL PLANNING AND JUSTIFICATION REQUIRED BUT SINCE YOU WERE ON HOME LEAVE DURING THIS PERIOD YOU MAY __N J HAV E BEEN ' FULLY _ AWARE OF THESE REQUIREMENTS AND OF COURS E C0ULD 'N·O T'-P iR fIC 'PAT'E - IN-i1 E rING 'THE--REQ'UI R'E M EN'TS WHEN THE DAEC REVIEWED THE REVISED PROJECT IT FOUND THAT A NUMBER OF ITS SPECIFIC REQUESTS FOR FURTHER INFORMATION HAD NOT BEEN MET CONSEQUENTLY FAILURE TO MEET STANDARDS OF COSTING PLANNING AND JUSTIFICATION FOR CERTAIN PARTS OF THE P OJECT REQUIRED THAT THEY BE DELETED IF THE REST OF THE PROJECT WERE TO BE AUTHORIZED ·SPECIFICALLY DETAILS ON DEVELOPING AND TESTING THE MODEL RHDS WERE NOT SUPPLIED WITHOUT INFORMATION ON THE TIMING FOR DETERMINING THE VARIOUS ELEMENTS OF THE MODEL RHDS AND DETAILED COST'ESTIMATES FOR STAFFING AND OPERATING A WELL JUSTIFIED NUMBER OF PROTOTYPE RHDS UNITS IT WAS NOT P'OSSIBLE TO' JUDGE THE NEED TIMING OR REASONABLENESS OF THE ELEMENTS 'OF LOGISTICAL AND INFRASTRUCTURE SUPPORT AND THE OPERATION OF THE PROTOTYPES FOR WHICH FUNDING WAS BEING REQUESTED THE REVISED PROJECT PAPER INCREASED THE NUMBER OF CLINICS TO BE REHABILITATED FROM 5 TO 15 BUT PROVIDED NO COST ESTIMATES OR JUSTIFICATION FOR THE CHANGE LEAVING THE REQUESTED FUNDS fOR THIS PART OF THE PROJECT UNCHANGED VEHICLE REQUIREMENTS ALSO WERE CHANGED BUT NO JUSTIFICATION WAS SUPPLIED FOR THE VEHICLES REQUESTED OR FOR THE FACT THAT THE'FUNDING REQUEST WAS UNCHANGED THE REQUEST FOR FUNDING OF MEDICINES WAS NOT JUSTIFIED IN TERMS OF DEVELOPING THE RHDS AND APPEARED AS GENERAL BUDGET SUPPORT FOR THE MINISTRY OF HEALTH SINCE THE 'PRQTOTYPE RHDS HAD NOT YET BEEN D VELOPED THE JUSTIFICATION FOR THE THIRD FOURTH AND FIFTH YEARS Of PROJECT EXPENDITURE COULD NOT BE COSTED AND JUSTIFIED '- UIKLASSIFIED L -- --- _ - -- -- -- - - - -- -- - • - - - - --- -- - -- - -- - -- - _ --- -- - - - -- - - - - - -- - -- -- - co 6416950 IED _ I - _ '_ ' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 q_'_ ' - -_ - - c zc to r h · - _ _ - - - _ -_t' UNCLASSIFIED ''- ' _0 to _ 't _ t -v '- -- '11 ' ' '9' W 4 r t '- t_M' ' t •• or THESE POINTS WERE MADE BY THE L A BUREAU NOT TO RITIZE THE MIS ION FOR IT REALiZED THAT DELAYS IN SECURING CONSULTANTS UNDER A PRIOR PROJECT'HAD DELAYED'PROJECT PREPARATION AND PERHAPS MADE PARTS OF IT IMPOSSIBLE TO PREPARE BY THE DEADLINE FOR FY 1977 FUNDING BUT SIMPLY TO POINT OUT THAT 7HE DAEC HAD NO ALTERNATIVE BUT'TO ELIMINATE THE PROJECT ELEMENTS FOR WHICH PROPER PLANNING COSTING AND JU TIFICATION CO LD NOT BE S PPLIED 8 IT I HOPED THIS RESPONSE CL RIFIES THE STATUS OF AID W FUNDING DECISIONS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A RHDS 'IN HAITI WE HOPE THAT THESE APPARENT DIF ERENCES IN PERCEPTION OF THE SITUATION ADDRESS AND ANSWER RESPONSIVELY THE POINTS RAISED IN THE DISSENT CHANNEL --If' Not P CEASE ·CET ·US KNOW' WE APPRECIATE HAVING THC-ISS'UE ·T tf5·-S·O-·TH A '3 LA tft C iI ON'· AN 8C'tfA DE 'y y'-- --_ _- -- ' -- I I t UNCL ASSIFIED L ---- _---------- --_ _ _ _--- _--- _------_ -_ _-- -- __ _----------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416950 Date 10 11 2017 -- ' I -- _------------------------------------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431697 Date 11 13 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 W8shlnl ton O C 20520 August 4 1977' MEMORANDUM TO Distribution Addressees FROM Sip - Richard J Harrington SUBJECT Dissent Channel Message' Attached is' a dissent channel mem randum by I Ion Ambassador Vanden Hueval's proposal on the J LO Cameron Hurne of the Policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply r cjJ ' -1 B6 11 TO S S S SIP-OF I 10 jP _c cc IO LAB - I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431697 Date 11 13 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445629 Date 12 11 2017 kT __ ft ' ' O EPARTMENT OF STATE '-' lq Wuhlnrton D C 20520 r t t RELEASE IN PART 861 Mr Swiers I am enclosing a new version of the last two pages of my dissent memo which I would appreciate your substituting ' '-- I am also enclosing a letter requesting distribution of the memo to Commerce and EXll i' '--------_ _ _--- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445629 Date 12 11 2017 C N F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431117 Date 11 13 2017 ase o UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _ ·abN j5ENTiAt · M 'o'- IlAGEI ji ABU' 01'1 01441 RE6291' 00grai' -i L RELEASE IN PART '86 --- ACTION· SP 02' ° t ' ' INFO OC '1' 1 ' •• ee 01' __ tSQ f t 4 W ' III ' ' Ri 3021840%' MA'f 7e _ · MiAM MeADeY·Aeu gHAB1 'Tal Se C8T TE' WASHDC'·4416 CI 01 PI i N T i A ti Aau'OHAi i 1447' • t' r r - - 5 0 dle62 ' 'T·AG13 _ SUSa CT' t • • IGDS •• _ PF QR f XNS au ' OFJfICIAI ' WEI COME TO PRES%OENT' NIMExRt' PI NT- cHANN L DR AFT O ey AMBASSADOR MlCAAELI STERN ' MV 5c I IE I HAe ' U T SENT' A MESSAGE iij ' THEt-DisSENT • 2 CHANNELl HIS·DI8AGRE M NT' WITH WASHINGTOM'S'REPORTED DECtS - ST T1NG H ' 'lB J EbC OWiNQ' M SSA E · · 'TC· R QEi V L SU5ANESE PRES i CENT NiME I §i loN ·AN DFF i 61 A I ii i§iT i· 86 NO • T· A YON ' To _ THltYt THA7 6 CAlIse THtS C At lNEI ' WAS USEO S · ClSSENT' W S W TI J t AMtIMUCHI 9e' L X $ LPERSlJAS tON I L - - - - I I- - ---cr ' X HE MAKES A lAl-tO -%NOEED 'T EI l l NGIIi PnltiT' ABOUn'THE •• DIFFgFlENCEt ETWEEN ON 'THE ON HAND MAINTAtNtNR· aORR CT· RELATION o I O Eii N5i G AiiisiAN6 W i ·ii O Bk E f' b A bo COUNTRYi ANQ ON THE_OTHER 'TAK NG ANwACTXON WHIC ' St AN l IONOB P R$9NAL L t'TO _Ti'f MAN WtjO REL A O THE MURDERER QFr MOOBE AND - 86 EVEN ' I MoM •• or • - • _ NO I MR JpEAL ' AOO%rtoNj riPOXNTitTHAT' DO NG 'THXS'HARD Y SQUAR wifA l fb6GA· o t li i if t Rb i M i A jo iM O 'A t If· - - •• • '1- rr - • tt i GINCE Wf ATtT t8t eaST • OBV OIJ hY _DO· NOT I IAV Er'Tl r U L ' l'G STQBY QF 'T M 'COtlS1DEBATXONS 'Tl f T D 'lID T Ie' OEeXSlON 't HAVE 'F I T'a T j Aep ROp FU ATE-'TO KEEP' I _ u__' $ v r EHSt AN r M% NE' IN 'TM Dlee NT··CH N I % WOIJ O E RTHEL ES I LX ECT BEG%STER MY OWN ai L1I P' TI ATi FRO 'TH XNF OBM TtON AVAXL A6L et'TO U§ f e ARGUMENT' AGAINST' R C %VING NUMIE l' APPEARS 'COGENTi r U eeN ifJ NTiAL ------------ ------ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State _Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431117 Date '11 13 2017 86 I 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446323 Date 12 11 2017 t' O'EPARTMENT OF STATE WnshlnBlor•• D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 CONFIBEN'flftL December 7 1978 14EMOR NDm l _______- - -' TO INR RNA IL- FROM S P - Anthony Lake SUBJECT Dissent Channel Message The Uf and Syria The Special Relationship Crumbles Your memorandum on US 'Syrian relations is 'a timely and thoughtful reminder of an inherent problem con fronting any global power when it attempts to bring its influence to bear on regional' problems Inevitably one or more states within that region will take umbrage with the regional policy being pursued with attendant strains on bilateral relationships Having made our decision a year ago to support the Sada t initiative as the most likely course to prod ce tangible movement to l1ard a comprehensive fUddle East settlement and having pursued that course to the threshold of a treaty between Egypt and Israel while confronting differences along the way over Lebanon as well the fact that our relationship with Syria remains as good as it is can be viewed as cause for satisfaction Ambassador Seelye h s in fact described the USSyrian relationship as Troubled But Intact in a cable assessing that relationship which was sent to a number of posts and was prompted specifically y your memorandum I am attaching a copy of that cable with which those in the Department who have reflected on your memo andurn are in substantial agreement I would like to address one assumption which appears to form the basis of your concern -- that US policy-makers are not convinced of the importance of US-Syrian relations I can assure you this is not the case US efforts in the su er of 1977 to reconvene the 'COIIFIBEMT ftL GDS 12 7 84 LAKE Anthony UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446323 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446323 Date 12 11 2017 J ·CONFIDENTIAL - 2- Geneva Conference were undertaken at least partly because it ''las deemed that in that context Syrian interest ·could best be aroused President Sadat's initiative occurred at a time when it ha·d become apparent that Ie -lere un likely to be successful in returning to Geneva and that accordingly Egyptian-Israeli negotiations offered the best hope of movement toward a comprehensive peace The decision to support that initiative was made with the full realization that such a course would not be popular with the Syrian government As a result the administration while remaining engaged in the peace process as it has unfolded has at the same time taken special pains to preserve the bilateral aspects of our relationship with Syria The prime example of this was the restoration of the full economic assistance program in the face of strong Congressional opposition an effort in which the highest levels of the government were engaged If as you state consideration of the AID bill had a negative effect on U -Syrian relations the problem may in some respects be an understandable one of Syrian perceptions of US actions rather than the actions themselves You raise a very good po int at the end of your memorandum by alluding to the increased importance of a positive Syrian role as the peace process'moves beyond the conciuslon of an Egyptian-Israeli treaty to negotiations concerning the future of the West Bank and the complex of Palestinian issues Indeed the eventual coooeration of Syria will be cruQial to the success of those-negotiations You suggest' in your final paragraph that alternative strategies may be available to elicit such cooperation but you do not spell them out Starting from the premise that our pol cy-makers are indeed concerned about the state OF US-Syrian relations and about'Syriats posture toward the peace process I would welcome your further thoughts on specific steps our government might take to produce a mor e 'favorable Syrian attitude toward negotiations based on the Camp David Framework I assure you tha t your recommendations will be shared with those most closely involved in our mediation effort Drafted S P WKirby x28986 ll 29 7-8 Glearance NEA ARN lCluverius 'Ce lF'IB8PJ' FIAL - - -- _- Open Forum Galen Fox - - - _ - _ -_ _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446323 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472121 Date 01 11 2018 u r'M i ' I''' VI RELEASE IN FULL ' T T FORM DS 322 OCR I MRN 'ANI ACIlU fC'XAt I I 010 t SIGNATURE CLASSIfiCATION SPECIAL CHARGES n ARA LA Ap U P nMSKOL S PC SDEAT N nJK TEl EXT b1 201 72 X22Sb2 SI P'C AHARTI'IAN NAME RA A nR7sT£DnAN 3 5 t M'E 2 NAME OffiCE 4 CLEARANCfS 7 • 6 8 CLEARANCES oeSIREO OIStRI81 1T10N ROUTINE· to CE i FO PRE WEI'oCf ADO fSSe _Asur CION ACTION I lFO 4COPE iSE I speCIAL j ANf Ll lO CAPllO ' I I INIT A S II JT 1ISSENTCHANNEL SUBd DISSENT MESSAGE fRon ASUNCION ON NARCOTICS CONTROL DRAFTER I IC REf ASUNCION 1 99 DEPARTMENT ACKNO lEDGES RECEIPT OF REfERENCED DISSENTING MESSAGE 0 NARCOTICS CONTROL THIS MESSAGE HAS RECEIVED INITIAL DISTRIBUTION TO DEPARTMENT PRINCIPALS INTERESTED FUNCltTIONAL AND' GEOGRAPHIC OffICES WITHIN DEPARTMENT AND CHAIRMAN OPEN fORUM PANEL MORE DETAILED RESPONSE WILL fOLLOW yy 2 3 J 4 5 6 7 8 6 5 A 3 2 1 0 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472121 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472788 Date 01 11 2018 d DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wasnlnllton D C 20520 RElEASE IN PART 86 MEMORANDUM SEr 15 1975 TO EUR EE - Mr Nicholas Andrews FROM SIP - Samuel W Lewis SUBJECT 1 Inspection Report on Eastern Europe -Response on Reconunendat on 1157 Re sted Recommendation 1157 in tITe Inspection Report on our 'relations wit h Eastern Europe Inspector's Memorandum on the consular function in Yugos lavia was that the Department SIP should give I L Chief of the Belgrade Consular Section a reply to his dissent message of February 24 1973 7 86 The attached letter and annexes were sent to c J The Chairperson of the Open Forum Panel - sent them out considered the packet to be a defil1i e reply to Mr Hutson and to end the exchange of cOn' rnunications on the subject Mr Hutson understood th June 11 material to be an interim reply partly because it came on Open Forum rather than Department stationery and expecced a further response He mentioned this expectation i o the inspectors and it was reflected in their Recommendation #57 r-I-- 1 in June of 1974 - ____ I is now assigned in the Department The current Open Forum Chairperson has informep him in conversation that no further reply to his original CODmlunication is planned In the same conversation I I kindly consented to chair an informal Open Forum working group which will have a fresh try at reforming the obsolete portion of the visa law to which· Mr Hutson raised objections from Belgrade Drafted S P PJLydon bdm cc 9-15-75 CU EE I 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472788 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476113 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE IRELEASE IN Fl ILLI ' December 4 1981 MEMORANDUM TO AM EB Sis FROM' Ambass_ador Thomas O Enders - Am assador Robert D Hormats - Mr L Paul -Bremer III SIP - Paul Woifowi t d a SUBJECT f Costa Rica Dissent Channel· -- The following Dissent Channel message has been received and is forwarded for your comments and review Mr Thomas Thornton of the SIP staff wi l be preparing a coordinated response ·Would you please provide any comments to l 1r • Thornton X28328 by C O B Wednesday December 9 Attachment San Jo 7210 CONFIDENTIAL-ATTACHMENT - UNCLASSIFIED- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476113 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S J E Partmen 9 §j e 1 I 3Jo X 1S q 7743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11 13 2017 - g C ' RELEASE IN PART ' 64 i ' t - 1 2 ' ' t- 1- ' ' 4 ' i· 5 s eON f I 6 i • ' i - 1 ' ISQ-00 OCT-01· ES-01 8 - - 6_ '- - - - - ' 1 51 S50-00 - 004 v -053440 51 o 041225Z MAY 75 FM AMEMPASSY BUCHAREST TO S ECSTATE WASHDC 'IMM DIATE 7738 f INFO _' 1 ' 41 --c- C ' ACTION SP -02 E N I L »UCHAREST 2463 DISSENT CHANNEL ' - 8l DRAFTING OFFICER REQUEST HANDLING AS NODIS-TO THE SECRETA'RY COPIES TO THE ACTnlG SEC ETAGI AND COUNCELOR F O 11652 GDS TAGS PFOR EEWT'ETRD US BO 'SUBJiCT US-ROMANIAN LONG-TERM'ECONOMIC INDUSTRIAL AND· '_· TECHNICAL COOPERATION AGREEMENT REF STADIS BUCHAREST-TELEGRAM NOV'3-4 1974 t 'ZI SINGER VIS IT t BUCliAREST 2239 VIETS LORI I R TELECON or 'APRIL 27 t 1976 1 FROM IL_ _ _ _ _-- -'1 ECONOMI C 86 SECTION A '1 EMBASSY BUCB EST 2 PROBLEM NEGOTIATION -WITH GOR ON'LONG-T RM COOPERATION BE I IN BUCHAREST - 1AY 10 • CURRINT' USG DRAFT FROM WHICE WE CAN EXPiCT SO R RET EAT GF'LITTLE ECONOMIC OR POLITICAL VALUE TO us D iNGER OF KIS1 EADING Af'lERICAN BUSINESS GOR IN ROLE OF SUITOR IN TRESE N GOTIATIONS OULD REAP POLITICAL GAINS 'IN ITS ALJl NCI G- ACT ' ITR USSR t ' 'lITHOUT CONCIDING MUCE TO USG NfITH EMBASSY NOR WASHINGTON WORKING LEVEL BUREAUC ACY ILLING TO EXPLOIT OUR'A VANTAGIOUS -POSITION - 1 HARDENING TERMS BEClUSE THEY PE CErVE THAT YOU AND T3E P ESIDENT ARE PRESSI G FOR SWIFT CONCLUSION OF 4 AGREEMENT AGRE3 1ENT TO 3 BACKGROUND A S ADIS TELEGRAM' COpy NOT'RETAINED IN E r1BASSY FILES SEN-T DU ING YOUR NOVEM SER 3-4 -1974 VISIT TO' BUCHAREST DIRECTED- THAT AFTER ENTRY' INTO FORCE OF TRADE CONFIBEN'PIAL - ' ' ' ' ' ' ' •• • c' ' I f' ' - 'r • - l' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11 13 2017 _ UNC'LA8SIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11113 2017 4 8 ' - ' PAGE 02 J1 041S39Z EUCHAR 02453 U S AND 54 58 ROMA lA WE SHOULD PROCEED TO FGOTIATION OF LONG-TER COOPERATION AG IMENT THOSE TWO DOCUMENTS OULD DEMONSTRATE BOMANIA'S FAVORED RELATIONSHIP WITH U 5 COMPARED TO OTHER FE COUNTRIES IN KEEPING WITH NSDM CIIPDM 212 ORDER 01 PRECEDENCE DENUNClATION'EY OTHER IE COUNTRIES OF TITLE IV OF TRADE'ACT OF 19 4'LEFT ROMANIA AS ONLY COUNTRY TO RAVE ENTERED INTO TRADE AGREEMENT ' nTH U S UNDER ITS TERMa ' AGREE iENT 3ETWEE t 4 EOTH IN EMBASSY AND AT WORKING LEVEL IN STATE PERCEPTION' REMAINS THAT YOUR STILL CU RE T DESIRE IS FOR US TO MOVE 62 QUICILY IN NEGOTIATION OF LONG TE M COOPER TlbN AGREEMENT MOMENTUf1 f IICR THAT PERCEPTI ON CREATES lTNDFRCUTS 'ANY M ATTEMPT TO EXPLOIT OTJR-POSITION o'F ST l ENGTH'VIS-A-VIS S GOR ON THIS MATTER TO RAaDEN OUF TERMS RESULT WILL IE ANOTR R GENIRA1LY WORDlD COSME IC AGREEMENT· SIMILAR TO J' j-- - - '- - -u ff' s 6'V i'ET' O fE- ' ItL'F- 'POL I TI'cAL' CONS ID'EllA T IONS ----- - - '--- - - i_ 2 _' MAINTENANCE OF Oi1 ENTUM IN' US-SOVIET RELATIONS DESPITE 51 i2 COLLAPSE OF SOVIET TRADE AGREEMENT AY HAVE 'PROMPTED OUR 4 DECISION IN THAT INSTANCE NO SUCH 'NECESSITY COMPFLS US 1 2 - IN ROMANIAN C SE - 60 I -'0 • 4 I' l J f 'f 5 TWO CONCRXTI ROVISI0NS WE AnE SIE rNG WITH RO A IA WOULD DIFFIRFNTIATE IT FROM SOVIET PREDECESSOR 8 ' - ' i I 1 EXpgOPRIATrO RIGHTS CLAUSF 2 ANNEX ON RIGHTS' OF JOINT VENTURES GaR M Y FLL YIELD ON EXPROPRIATION BUT ANNEX INSOFA t AS IT DIFFERS rRO Rm'1ANIAN DEGREE OF 1972 O 'JOINT VEN TUBES IS UNL IKELY' TO BE ACC'EPTFD ' 1 2 • '1' I 12 J l I 6 BOTH TEESE'PROVISIO S LAfiNCB OUT IN THE'WRONG DIRECTION ANYWAY THAT OF PRIVATE O NERS IP BY ti S CITIZENS OF MEA S OF pgODUCTIO IN ROMANIA LAST FOUR YIARS RAVE SEEN ' ESTABLISHMENT or ONLY SIX JOINT VINTU ES IN ROMANIA OTHER FO MS LIC SINGf PLANT INSTALtA ION WITH TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE AND TRAINING BUY-BACK DOMINATE ROMANIA'S INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION 20 l' ' 4- • 22 7 usa DRAFT SEOULD ADDR SS ITSELF TO FUNDAMENTAL DIFFEPENCES IN CONOMIC SYSTEM WHICH HAVE PLAGUED PAST AND' CURRENT AMERICAN INDUSTRrA COOPIRATION IN ROMANIA GENERAL ceNFHHiHl'l'IAll ' ----- --- - ---_ _ - -w -1' r' ••• - l · - - r - - - - - - - - - ----- - 1 -- - - - • _ _ ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 o No C06431449 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11 13do1i--- l OIU'j EN PIAI 0 '­ ' tYI' 'H ROMANIANS iifITHOUT SUCH- FREEDOM MEANINGFUL COOPERATIVE RELATIONSHIPS CANNOT BE ESTABLISEID WITliOUT PROVISIONS FOR SUCR IXEMPTrON FROM CONTROL LONG-TERM COOPERATION AGREEMENT COULD 'DANGEROUSLY MISLEAD AMERICAN COMPANIES INTO BELIEVING THAT CONDITIONS AT LEAST AS UNRIN P ED AS THOSE IN REST 'OF EE FXIST IN ROMANIA POR INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION 50 ·52 54 J- 56 -- 41839Z TIRE'S RADIAL TIRE PLANT AND SINGER PRODUCT'S BATTERY PLA T AS TWO EXAMPLES AND EFMAIN AS BASIC IMPEDIMENT TO FUTURE OF COOPERATION T JO NECESSITIES 1 HARD lCOUot-nC FINANCIAL AND COMMERC I At DATA IN EXCESS OJ BARE-BONES P EQUIREt'iENTS OF GSCE UPON WHrC TO BASE SOUND BUSINESS DECISIONS AND 2 FREEDOM FOR RESIDE T AMERICAN 'BUSINESSMFN FROM R01'1ANIAN '- SECURITY'S CONTROL OVE SMALLEST ASPECT OF ON-JOE CONTACT £ j qC AR'02463 PAGE 03 40 J 4 i ' '0 8 STRINGENCIES OF TRADE ACT FORCED US TO SEE AND OBTAIN FROM ROMANIA MOST ADVANTAGEOUS TRADE AG EEMINT·WI NOW HAVE IN FORCE WITH AN ·COUNTRY ONR-SIDENISS OF SOME OF ITS PROVISIONS SHe AS PROTECTION FROM 1AR 1T DISRUPTION SHQI ' EXTENT OF ROMANIAN POL·ITI CAL OTIVATIONS IN RECENT CONVE SATION TH M ASSADOR FOREIGN MINISTER MACOVFSCU REPORTED IN 'BUCHAREST 2239 SAITI IT WAS IMPERATIVE TO FIND NEt FORr-1ULAS TO lROV IDE MOMJE lITUM TO T2ADIJ AND ECONOMI C COO ERATION- PARA 11 THAT WILLY NILLY WE EEDED EVIDE CF OF RAPID IMPHOV1MENT IN OUR EILAT BAL ECONOMIC EL TIONS· PARA 12 WE SHOULD EXPLOIT THIS OPPORTUNITY TLASHOW CONGRESS TEA T rTHOUT THE-IR IN'IERFZ ENCE WE Cll N SrC RE MlANINGJUL ADVANTAGEOUS CCNCES5 ONS F OM GOR DURING CONGRESSrDr AL R ' IE' l TfIS SUMMER OF US-ROMAN IAN TRltDE AGREEMENT CONCLUSIO OF LONG-TERM INDUSTRIAL COOP RATION AGREEMENT COULD SOUR ATr OSP ERE IF FACTORS FU vAMINTAL TO COOPERATIO ARE NOT ADDRESSED SIS SIS g ' CONCLUSION OUR SIGNA ijRF OF LONG-TERM AGREEMENT'BASID ON CURRENT USG DRAFT WOULD MISREPRESENT EXISTING CONDITIONS FOR INDUSTRIAL COOPERATION WITH ROMANIA AND ON THE MARGIN MIGHT'LEAD AMERICAN 9USINESS S S' INTO BAD DECISIONS T W SOLUTIO S 1 SICURE MEANINGFUL CHANGES IN EXISTING CONDITIONS OR 2 DISCONTINUE NEGOTIATIONS FORMER APPEiRS POSSIBLE BECAUSE OF STRONG GOR POLITICAL MOTIVATIONS TO CONCLUDE AGREEMENT DECISION ON LATTER CAN BE POSTPONED UNTIt e N I BENr I IA1 2 ' Co •• ' •• ' p' u ' - _ ' f ' ' I t- - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11 13 2017 U S Department of State Doc No C064 31449 Date' 11 Case 'No F-2016-0 7743 e f lill 111 'l I Mo 13 20 17 O _ IE - '24 e ' I 26 ' '1- 04 1839Z ' WE'HA E EXHAUSTED EFFORTS AT FOJMER '1'0 PREVENT PREMATU E CAVING-IN' TO GOR I DICATION IS NECFSSl 110M yoU TO U S TEIM THAT OUi DECISiON TO CONCLUDE IGIBEMINT IS NOT SET I CEMINT PAGE'04 - UCRAR 02463 10 RICOMMEND TIONS A T AT DEPARTURE or DELEGP 'I'ION FROM WASHINGTON MAY 8 1lE POSTPQN i USG DEVELOP CRIATIVE PROPOSALS rOR IITB ISSUES OF INFORMATION AND or IMPIDIMEN'I'S '1'0 COOPERATION POSED BY BCURITY FORCES EVER-TIGRTENl G GRIP H 'THAT EMEASSY HUCqIRFS'I' HE DIRECTED TO TAHLE THOSF PROPOSALS AND'COOPERATIVE GOi BE IFORli DILEGATION 1 DISPATCHED TO BUCHAREST C TRAT DIRICT TB II UsG INCDUNTIRS INTIAMSIIEMDI FlaM GOR liE llE PREPARED TO INDEfINITl1LY SllELVE SUllJECT OF UNTI CA EE ING ES ONSE O TAINED y ·'f I LOllG-'I'n AGR EMENT HAAS 1 ' NOTE' IE I S Tn EGRAt1 BE ING TRAN SMI TT £D WI t i J 1 1 t B oUT VIETS 14 l- 52 ' l '- 4 - 54 -- 1 ' ' i' ' I v - I ' 1 ' li 28 • 31 • t ' r S ' to t -- - - ' ' a • • w· - ' - - CHAIGE' CLUEAt cE •1 ' 10' 4 t ' ' -------_ _-- -_ -------i - _' - - '- ' - '0 ' o ___ -_-- _ of • J • IO i t · r· ' ' ' ---- - ---4 --- --- - t_--· - -·-·· 1 p 4 _ - - ---- - ------- S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431449 Date 11 13 2017 __ U N C LA S S I FI E D UL§ Nc UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445887 Date 12 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE S P-OFP PTLYDON BDM 8-5-75 EXT 28790 S P SWLEWIS RELEASE IN PART 86 S P CWKONTOS SIP DISTRIBUTION ONLY ROUTINE MEXICO CITY DISSENT CHANNEL LO 11652 N A SWL PTLf'Tl- TAGS CPAS PFOR CWK L SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE REF FOR MEXICO 6753 L-I_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _---'1 - 86 MEXI CO 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF REFERENCED DISSENT CABLE 2 MR C WILLIAM KONTOS OF THE POLiCY PLANNI G STAFF SIP HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE 3 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRPE'RSON OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL COPIES WILL ALSO GO TO M - DEPUNDSEC FOR ADMINISTRATION If WE CO'MMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO YOUR CONCERN yy II • • L I LIMITED OFFICIAL USE -------------------------------_ ----- -UNCC SSIFfEO'-U S '-Oepartment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445887 Date 12 11 2017 p UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445887 Date 12 11 2017 FORM DS 322A OCR UNCLASSIFIED I 2 PERCEIVED BENEFITS OF' HOLDING A DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT HAVE BROUGHT ABOUT CONSIDERABLE DILUTION OF THE STRICT ISSUANCE CRITERIA THE DEPARTMENT HAS LONG BEEN AWARE THAT IN MANY COUNTRIES HOST GOVERNMENT POLICIES REGARDING FOREIGN MISSIONS MAY BENEFIT INDIVIDUALS WHO HOLD DIPLOMATIC PASSPORTS BUT FAIL TO CONFER ADVANTAGES ON THOSE WHO DO NOT THIS SITUATION IS REGRETTABLE PARTICULARLY SINCE SOME OF THE DISADVANTAGES ARE FiNANCIAL IN NATURE SINCE ITS INCEPTION HOWEVER THE ISSUANCE AND USAGE OF A DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT HAS BEEN A TOOL OF DIPLOMACY BY ALL NATIONS AND CLEARLY SHOULD NOT BE REGARDED OR EMPLOYED AS A DOCUMENT OF SPECIAL PRIVILEGE FAVOR OR SOCIAL STANDING 4 MINDFUL OF THESE INEQUITIES THE OFFICE OF PERSONNEL HAS SEVERAL TIMES SOUGHT TO EXPLORE THE RECOMMENDATION MADE IN 1970 BY THE SALTONSTALL COMMITTEE TO FACILITATE TRAVEL THAT THE THREE TYPES OF PASSPORTS CURRENTLY EMPLOYED BE REPLACED WITH A ONE-CLASS SYSTEM I AM AWARE THAT YOUR SUGGESTION IS NOT TO ESTABLISH A ONE-CLASS PASSPORT FOR EVERYONE BUT TO RETAIN THE DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT FOR ALL USG EMPLOYEES THIS HOWEVER WOULD ITSELF DISCRIMINATE AGAINST U S CITIZENS WHO SHOULD ALSO RECEIVE EQUAL TREATMENT WHEN TRAVELING OVERSEAS THE REGIONAL BUREAUS HAVE OPPOSED MODIFICATION OF THE PRESENT THREE-CLASS PASSPORT SYSTEM POINTING OUT THAT TO ISSUE DIPLOMATIC PASSPORTS TO ALL USG EMPLOYEES ABROAD WOULD ABROGATE THE RAISON D-ETRE OF THE DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT AND WOULD ENCOURAGE A SIMILAR PROLIFERATION OF ISSUAN ES BY FOREIGN GOVERNMENTS Y 5 CLEARLY THE DEPARTMENT IS AMBIVALENT AS TO THE ABOLITION OF THE DIPLOMATIC AND OFFICIAL PASSPORT BUT I AM NOT CONVINCED THAT NOW IS THE TIME TO SEEK ESTABLISHMENT OF ANOTHER TYPE OF PASSPORT SYSTEM RIGHTLY OR WRONGLY DIPLOMATIC AND OFFICIAL PASSPORTS DO AT CERTAIN TIMES AND PLACES CONFER SPECIAL PROTECTION ON PERSONS WHO CARRY THEM AND I D NOT BELIEVE THAT IT IS TIMELY TO REMOVE THIS PROTECTION FOR USG EMPLOYEES WHO ARE TOO OFTEN POLITICAL TARGETS NONETHELESS IT IS MY FIR BELIEf THAT THE DEPARTMENT SHOULD N OT TOLERATE THE MISUSE OF THE DIPLOMATIC PASSPORT AND I STRONGLY SHARE YOUR VIEW THAT THE DEPARTMENT SHOULD STRIVE TO ELIMINATE THE SPECIAL INTERESTS INEQUITIES AND DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES WHICH SPRING FROM THE MISUSE OF THIS DOCUMENT THANK YOU AGAIN FOR BRINGING THIS MATTER TO MY ATTENTION YY L UNCLASSIFIED J I I J i' t I - _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ _ _ I' I' - -- -ti- -- - -- --_ - - -7--- -- -T -- 7 ---r- - - - - - - ' ' --' - - - ·· - t --- -7-• r r-· - r _ _ _ - - - - 7 '- - '1 -- - -- - - - - '- ' c UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445887 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473876 Date 01 11 2018 r - -' r·· I· I - 1 • 1I ' I 'I' ' I' '-_ • • • ' •• 1 ' I IRELEASE IN FULLI LI ZTao CpFze AL U3 PA E 1 TE £V 03 e i S tg t t I 'r i ' ' 1 - I hC'l'HiN t j j g XNFO O ·i·' '01· - l A 0 '1 QQlI 1 • 1 5 R t p'g ji'i JUN' F 'I I ME 16 SSY TEt 'AVL' J TO S CSTjT 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l'Jf EI ElV A CASE' C l Co MAnE FOR A LARGER PROGRAH FOR r RAEb THAN TrtAT SUGGESTED IN o ME SAGE lSRAfL Will HAVE SHAR LV iNCREASfD FORE GN XCHANG RR QUIREMEtJTS OVER' THE NEXT FEW YEAf S I KICH nibE I P RO I'if i C ' i' HE T FAcr'THAT·THESE LONG TE MS LOANS PUSH lSRAe jS Fo a vh ' F VFN HIGHt R AND HAVE CREATEO Di'1E DIIJrtCULH fH CEN'iLV Ij'J nI piJSING OF XCESS 'SOY6EMJ OIL ' AI'P1RENit Y HAS NOr Le -SZ f ri ' i ' ' NTEREST IN OaTAINING LA GE 'Tl'fL E I PROGRAM THUS XN' L G I' ' l · I VAIl ABIL·ITIES ANO STP ONG' GOI IN i't REST EII 6ASSY 'HA NO otJJ c'r c 0' • f L j '£ '1 i · ·' --------- -- - -- _-_ -- ' -'-- -_ _- - ''--- -- --- -' - ' - - - -- - _---_ - _- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca'se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473876 Date 01 11 2018 i I I II UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473876 Date 01 11 2018 - ' ''' '1 ' y' 'J • 'r ' ' •• 1 I - ' - O J 1- t •• I ' ' p t uPI' p r c ' - 00 co •• r '-' r· ' --lJ ' 'I ' _ rr - m r 7T Z'r · - L '2IZ'IIECI' o ' ·lpORTIONS ILLEGIBLEI ' ' •• 00 I· t • •• NV fi' to i H ji J i 'l Ii j £ 1 tgG ft t Y Vej - t · i r· iC t ioYCt' · H r i'i i 'is • nt- H·I I' ' C I fl ·SiJ C '1 § S'lU Y g ij '0 '0 0 • t ' J to o 0 t' ' r ' I ' • t ' to to ' ' • ' '0' ' ' ' ' 0 • ° 0 -- --- --- _----_ __ _- -_ - - _ -------- _ _--------- _--- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473876 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476745 Date 01 11 2018 ueJUl 1111 el1l OJ ta te NAIROS 19384 AOS- 0 281451Z SSO-00 ES-01 RELEASE IN PART 86 005 ----------- ------333301 o It Lt liKAM 2BI450Z JVN 83 FM AMEM9ASSY NAIROBI • TO' $ECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 7217 5996 W 281451% 38 LIMITED OFFICiAL USE NAIROBI 19384 oi E O 12356 N A TAGS IOAID SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE ON ESF REFI NAIROBI I tiAVE READ I IDISSENT MES'SAGE CREJ Te t 1 ON THE CURRENT VSOOL 28 MILLION ESF GRANT TO KENY HE' HA'S SEEN MUCH INVOLVED IN THE POLICY MAKING AT THIS POST t BELIEVE HIS SENTIMEtTS F P9 SSFD ARE SINCERE AND DEEPLY FIOlT UNFORTUNATELY _ _ JWROTE THIS MESSAGE ON HIS FINAL DAY IN THE OFFI E LAVING IT WITH ME AS HE DEPARTED lA T NIGHT I DOUBT HE WOULD HAVE Wi'll TTEN IT THE WAY HE 010 HAD E BEEN CLOSELY INVOLVED IN THE FINAL NEGOTIATIONS FOR THIS CRAN HE WAS DURING THAT PERIOD INVOLVEO WITH PACKING OUT AND CLEARING HIS AFFAIRS I I I 2 AS TO RECOMMENOI TION THAT WE NOT OISBURSE 1 AND IAE AID DIRECTOR IN CONSULTATION WI TH THE REGIONIIL LEGAL ADVISOR ARE REVIEWl G ACTIONS THE' GOVE RNMErlT OF KENYA HAS TAKEN AND IS TAKI NG TO MEET CONDITJONS PRECEDENT FOR OISBURSEMENT OF THE USDOL 28 MIl l IOI'II PROVIDED IN OUR ESF AGREEMENT I WILL MAKE A DECISION TO DISBURSE ONLY IF I AM CONvI CED OF FULL SATISFACTION OF THqSE CONOITIONS HARROP LIMITED'OFFICIAL USE· - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476745 Date 01 11 2018 B6 - ------_ _--------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 l IKI LI A 1 IN t AK I ' J A 'r y - - 1 ' Attachment - Prior to the 63r'd ILC no Western government asked -' its Embassies to make demarches on key 'issues ye such a procedure is normal in ·any diplomatic effort in an international £o 'um Also the EC-9 chaired by 9K did not caucus ahead of time to decide on policy tactics I tc see attached cables We had told ou r allies we -lould meet with'them in 2 Geneva to discuss stratt gy on Articl 17 USG Representative Horowitz had dinner with representatives of UK Australia an Ca ada May 23 and later said i las a w aste of time beca'use· they had had no id eas ready on strategy Horowitz the p therefore suggested to them that West should start with' the present text and make concessions later the us had to suggest the strategy 3 At the same dinner Horowi t z asked what chairmanships in the 'ILC the allies wou ld seek 'they had no ideas Twq' days later Mal 2 5 he asked the UK chairman 6f again EC-9 abQut chairmanships the EC-9 still'had no ideas UK said the 'f the 'EC-9 'would 'caucus when conference plenary started Hormvitz said that was too late and urged actio n but got none Horowi tz then got an officer of the ILO 'Secretariat t o suggest i to the UK that the EC-9 ought to caucus at once they finally If did on t e l st day of the GB but only as the result of the foregoing prodding Klotz FRG · Upton USDEL ' h 'u'pderst od the US '_ told wanted a chairmanship 'UNCLASSIFiED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmentof S'tate'Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 ' 2 ' Upton sf lid Horm'li tz had ·already told the UK we did not Klotz replied that 'the failure of the 9 ' to tell this to the EC-9 Sho'wed lack 'of communication and Goordination among Ee-9 At staff meeting Horowitz commented that we had had the same problem' in June ·1976 i the west never did any prior 'IlOrk and as result of their apathy the soviet bloc and G-77 had made deals on chairmanships ' Horowitz said we 1 6uld have to come uP with ideas and sell them to the t'-1est because otherwise the West's inertia o Tould lead to disaster 4 We wanted Klotz member of fRG delegation to accept a key chairmanship Haase pead of FRG delegation would not allow it 5 Westerners then put forth' eldkamp Netherlands despite their knowledge that 've opposed him bec ause of his hostil role at June 1976 conference he was instrumental in preventing Czechoslovakia from being cited in a special paragaph The West did this because Netherlands wanted him to be elected and the west preferred to support one of their own rather than the US on this issue 6 We wanted ventejol head of French delegation - our strongest supporter to accept a chairmanship refused He He did not come to Geneva un£il June 2 after the ILC had started He was not in town for the Governing Body 'and other events at which much lobbying al -d planning vas done in preparation for ILC He continued to come and go throughout the 'plenary rather than 1 oJork consistently UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 • 4_ I ••• • ' 3 7 Ambassador Cook head of Australian delegation 'refused to seek the chairmanship of th Selections Committee despite our urging 8 • ' The Netherlands mp1oyer epr esent ative Cornelia' Hak said to Upton May 25 why not send Ar'cicle 17 amendment to the Structure Committee ' This 'las only tt-10 eeks after she had had a long talk by phone with H0rowi tz in in which he h ad expla ined tha t sc m'di fJ '1ashington Article 17 to the Structure be defeat Committew would ''' 9 May 26 Horowitz'said that at the IMEC meeting earlier in wee the West had said the US was too rigid in what it was doing 10 ' June 2 - staff'meet ng Shire Labor Dept lav er _ said that in Committee on Application of Conventions CACR he ___ _ l ded help from the vlest E pecifically th'e Australian Canadian and UK government representative were often not there ih Commi tee because they Vlere al o serving' coromi ttees HOl O 1i tz' o other said he oTOuld speak to their heads of delegation but' it was a pr9ble caused by their small delegations query in view of the importance 9f this conference couldn't our allies have sent a couple more people I sa we had adequate overag everywhere it 'was the absence of our Il1EC Later friends from CACR eeting which caused the situation where the USG was'th only'Gov rnment to vote for putting Ethiopia on the special list IMEC had first agreed that all IMEC UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No' F-2016-oi743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 _ t ' ' 0 ' • 0 4 g C Verfl 1lent would vote that way then lMEC cI1ange·d its collective mind I but failed' to 'get tJ'le 'lord to the USG because ke IMEC government r'epresentatives 'lere out of the room when the item came to a vote Apparently HorO 1i tz I request to heads of HmC delegation to have their representa- ·tives stay put in this key committee did not have any effect 11 • June - during the debate on part of the DG's report on the Arab-Israe ssue t e UK government representative spoke 'in favor o sending it to the Resolutions committee When he was asked by us later why he 'had not said he was speaking on behalf of the EC-9 he said it was because the EC-9 had not caucused to agree on its position • II Comment theref9re ' 1 we lost an opportunity to have Olr ttllies views kno vn ' note that the U and Canadian Government speeches Also were not exactly fiery see attached They could have been' far more outspoken 1 2 Fortuit a French government deleg te ·told Palmer USDEL he had to return to Paris June 6 to meet with ventejol and others lito decide on our policy towards the ILO this seems rather late comment He suggested to Pal er that the us sho 1d try to find some policy or fo mula which would attract 'so e embers of the G-77 and break up the bloc He did' not seem to feel that France needed· to take any initiative along these line but rather that i was up to the US to solv the problem f Finally f he asked Palmer if· the us would' withdra l o • we we e not sa isfied Palme'r s'aid 'lIe would The fact that he asked indicates he had not believ d the numerous UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 ' o· '5 13 17 ole on 'the June 7 - after w lost our initial effort on Article wanted to try for a j·oin·t committee discussion amendm nt Horowitz spoke to the UK just before a meeting of Ee-9 and the UK agreed to try to avo d having the EC-9 take a final position until we coufd see what degree o again the us of support there was for a joi nt corrunittee was the one taking the initiative The final result was that the strucuture Committee rejected the joint c9mmittee Horo dtz reported to staff meeting that our ' '1estern Committee ·allies did not speak ih favor of the j'oint ¢lea because'they idea believed it would not be adopted they wanted to avoid a fight 'They were silent because USDEL therefore said in the Structure Conuni ttee that e ould not oppose Article 17 being discus sed in 'the structure Comrni' -tee we were the only of conventions caucused with the US and it was agreed that IMEC would speak along with us about conditions in USSR The West German delegate told the US he h1ast at conditions in the USSR deliver a real Yet only two WesternC' representatives besides the gove nment wo ld U spoke FRG and Australia and their interventions were brief and mild The lorkers I leader Houthuys Bel'gial ' moved for closure and the employer I employers ha 5 leader Australian · supported i ti the not spoken in the debate at all Although the closure mot ion was defeated the atmosphere towards further UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 6 debate was so cold that 'after it only a few very brief remarks were made The os worker who had prepared a fifteen-minute pee6h criticiziri conditions in 'the USSR spoke only for a moment and -luter said that the closure motion had prevented ' him from building the record ll in th 9 mrnit tee which vould specia paragraph have justified a strong British Australian and officers and was weak Be igan I against the USSR Co ittee 'The paragraph was drafted by the t When the d aft committee report was presented to the committ e for approval the paragraph was rushed through by the Committee officers who cut off debate time to spe k bef r7 about the text or th cornnlit ee II member had None of 'our sugge t chan e IMEC allies objected to this Afterwa ds any Japanese government representative asked us if that was enougt to satisfy U$ IMEC had been unwi Qng to go for 1 he 'special list and reluctant even to support a special paragraph IS 'The US On Article 17 had to take the lead I £C agreed with OS not to present new texts to the structure Committee but to Mait untiladrafti g committee was formed the new texts were from the e l'ployers group and from he Canadian goverment But on June 14 in the stiuctu're' Commi t tee the Swedish empioyer presented a ne 'l l text on Article 17 despite agreement the d y before not t do's'o Horo itz was very critical of the text stating it was wcrse tha n 'Article 17 as it no '1 stands The Australian I in the committee delegate told Upton later that the The US would lose because of' our failure to ego iate Australian' G vernment the representative tol d Horo 'litz US was ·too pushy The British - - ' UNCLASSIFiE-O' 'U S -Dep -rtmeritofState-case-N01 - 2016 07743 DocN'o C06431-698-Dat _1 ii13 201 i - -' ----------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 - ' - 7 Ambassador '-'told Sorenson Charge' that th US was not listening to t he West's concerns and that our consultations consisted of our telling them what we wanted represen atives Other IMEC said they did not like being lectured at When a small group met to consider drafts of Article 17 the Fre'nch government representative ventejol here was not 'because he had gone back to Francei his deputy left the eeting Note ''lhen it was only hal fway through its delibera tio s • the French are supposed to be our stronge'st allies in the ILO 1'6 June 15 - late in ·the day the EC-9 met and agreed to support the us tactic o starting to discuss the text of Article 17 in the Structure committe while also seeking to kill the G-77 resolution on structure Ho wever I the EC-9 asked Horowitz if the US 'lOuld instead of pushing for amending standing order on Article 17 agree to a resolution in plenary stating the principles no note of Article 17 Horowitz said interesting that after we had told everybody 'that we were going all the wayan Article 17 they should still conf o tation - ------ -- - - --- -- - -- - - ask us to accept a compromise' to avoid a --- - - - - - - this is the same attitude that led to the letter of intent _ 17 June 16 - in Structure Committee Mainwaring our Canadian ally began discussing the substantive part of the G-77 resolution despite explicit IMEC US agreement that substantive discussion would not begin until IMEC had' caucused to decide on its ·position· Horowitz said' the next day that he never thought he would have to tell off Mainwaring for -- -UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 '8 II II b ut in fact he had had to d jus that the morning of' JUI e 17 because 4ainvlaring had violated the agree- ment 18 Also in Structure Committee 'during discussbn of reform of the composition of the Governing Body Ventejol France our best ally I said his government was in f9-vor of nego tiating on changing Article 7 ana' 36 seats and veto power ' ealing lith permanent' We have consistently said we are against this 19 • June 21 - Horm'litz said at staff meeting that although it was clear that 'the report of the Structure Com the mi ttee ou1d be unacceptable tol US he had decided not to vot push for a 'because IMEC didn't want one and the US had to maintain good relations with in order to get 'their IMEt future cooperation note at this point the US was lMEC rather than the other '''lay round suppo ting ' Late on June 21 there was a long IMEC meeting on the content of the draft report of the Structure Committee said the eport as it now was was the best that 'could be accomplished and wanted us_ to accept it o' leadership role • us then took· a _ _ _ -----_-- - - IMEC -- chan ed the language had to be • - _ -_ _ - - We - _--- insis ed More meet ings took place but no satisfactory language was achieved • Azirni· chairman of SC t en drafted the report which was to be consi ered 'iri various·groups the morning of June 22 Note Palmer was sitting next to Kirkland in plenary during the afternoon and asked pim what was happening _ 4 _ - _ • • • • • • • • • • _ _ __ 4 _ _ _ _ _ _ '• • • ' _ ' ' ' ' _- _n·_ - __ _ - -- -· --·7 - -·· --· _ - - -- _ _ _ _'- _ - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Depart ent of State Case' No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 1'3 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431698 Date 11 13 2017 9 I • He said the lvesterners are leaving us t hey ' ant us to accept a report 'that we can ' t ccept 'so Horowitz has to' go into the IMEC meeting nd stand with his back against the wall we can't give in on this June 2'2 - 'IMEC and other g %ups met' ' agreed to 20 ' ' accept report of Structur e Committee we said we could not _ and we were left alone During the final hours of the plenary on the last d'ay when the report of the Cornmi ttee on Structure 'las being discussed the us was the only government to disassociate itself from'th report because the report failed to include important principle's Article 17 'ihich we had been striving towards All other· Western speaker accepted the report i IO LAB - - I_ _ ---' fo B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445630 Date 12 11 2017 lRELEASE IN PART 861 -E- --8 t - DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 z r-e IItt iiJ clPI h ' sept 15 1974 Dear Mr LGlrd I am again submitting my dissent paper since AF is nQW recommending sale of the Dc-8 to Gabon I have prepared a brief critique of AF's memo rebutting the assertion we nGW have President BQngo's persenal assurances that the plane will net ga lnts Rhedesian trade I have placed this rebuttal on top af my original dissent paper t at I realize that the Secretar y's extremely heavy schedule makes it unlikely he VliH' read the entire dissent paper ar even part af it I hope that he can be at least erally briefed on th major paints contained in my critique dated Sept l' and in the first section af my dissent paper I weuld greatly appreciate expeditious handling of this paper Q' 0 ro' T 86 Mr Winston Eore sIP cc - 'p - 'DjerEUlan - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445630 Date 12 11 2017 · PAGE 81 SA lilA al52l ACTI II IIlfO CHI HI I Of 02 % '7' 829928Z $aJ9 ISO-JU WI II I 3 C- Ci 3 ' 39 _ mmm-··m SIISt 919 U i a P IlJl Ul l rrl AlJEl $ASSY SArli I AGO 10 SECSTATE W'-SKDC PRIORIIY 88B8 ' HGS SUBJ Cl OISSEtH CHArIn£ I £SSAOE OESICIIAliOIl Of PART III or PARN - ANNUAL POLICY ArID RESOURCES ASS£SSI I IH • AS SIi OIS AHD RECQIJmUOHlOllS SECRETARYIlAOE III PART III OF IHE SAI HAGO PARI SU8MISS 1011 UFSS E TRA SIlIlS A DISSUI CHArmEL YIEI'1POINT orl I JpUBt IC AFFAIRS USIS IHE ORAriER DOES HOT WISH TO RESIRlel OISTRIBUTlOrl OF IHI5 fJESSAGE HE SUGGESTS THAI DISTRIBUTIO 8E MADE 10 THE DIRECTOR OF USIA tHE ASSISTAIIT DIRECTOR OF USIA lATIN AI ERIW THE ASSISTANI SECI1E1ARY Of SlATE FOR £ IIl11 R1 1 iEEAlRS THE ASSISTAIIf SECR£TARY OF STAlE FOR InlERAUERICAN AHAIRS - ------ --- 2 I HI FlLllle THIS CABLE TO DISSEII rROu A THE Sf ArE TO R£ lENO JUR lsi illIOn O 1I THEIR DEPARTI I HT'S I' lIJ ev TO R QU IRE Af lBASHOOR· S SHRETl Y CUTS IN IKE PERSON n or OlMER AGElICIEJ UnDER THEIR I'iJJHOUT COrlSUlllNG IH BIRE CJO QLJ J f1L illNCI£S TO LOIlMENTS IHIS P CQUIREUEIIT WAS lADE BY THE DEPARTWONT BY REQUIRIJIG PART III OF IHE PARIllO BE OESIGIlATEO SUOIS 8 RECOLlMEIiOATIOIlS W DE 8Y THE AIIaASSAOOR WITH THE ADVICE Of OCII AHD WIIHDUT PERCEflT AfFAIRS orlEST Yi 2bml 1 -18 E o mHo lilA I C IF THE SUTE OEPARfllEtn C n' T TRUST ITS AlJBASSADORS 1 0 · ii S ' HAVE THE COURAGE TO fACE IHEIR OW I STAFfS WIIH DifFICULT IAAIiAGE • · o• • UElIT oreISIO IS HOW CAli THEy EXPECT IHELI TO HAVE THE nECESSARY rORCHULtlESS TO HCE A I IHIeER Of THE HOST GOYERtllAErlT WIIH A 0 Iff I- i CUt T lHSTRUCTlOrH ' • i9 D AODRfSSlnC POlHT tel I DISSEtlT fRDlI THE RfCOl lllEnDArlOIIS MADE AS -- A POLICY DECISion BY THIS IllSStDri fOR A 8 PERCENT CUT IN THE CULTURAl COUPOnEllT OF THE J lISSIOrl v m IIiGREASEO CULTURAl COtllACT WITH _ _• LAllA AfJERICAHS HAS BEW U DE A PARI OF THE PiES10EliT'S POLICY AS EX- - ' PRESSED fir HIS RECENT P ECH BEfORE THE O S AIIO Ef lPHAS lED 8Y 1HE ' ISIT Of IIRS CARIER TO LATIN AUERICA ' Z - VISSERI tHAllnEl TKlS t - - - ----' O DOES IKE DEmlllEliT tlEED A SEeRE SYSIEll 10 Gn OECISIOIIS OUT Of lIS AMaASSADORS lIUllEO OHIWL USE mllo I OF 2 SArHUGO tS2l I # SAIIlIA am IK THE OlHER THREE COUIlSHORS or £J IB SST AT THIS fosr KIIO 'J EDGE OF IHE CO IiSElOR fOR PU5liC AFiAiGS FOR A 60 CUT III THE AUERICAII OFfiCER COUPLEIlEHJ DEVOTED TO CULTUUL IN CHilE 1 THERE ARE II AJ RICARS ASSIGnED TO USIS CHIlE PLUS TWO REGIOII L Off I CERS 1IlI0 SPEIID YERY 1I THE TIME III SAIIII AGO MID ARE 8ASED HERE AS A COHVENllIltE 10 THE AGEncy Of THEs II AMER ICANS OnE IS A SECRETARY TWO ARE IUrORflATIDIl OfFICERS OIiE IS IHE EXECUTIVE OFFICER AUD ONE IS THE PUBLIC AFFAIRS OFFlClR IHE RWAllIIHG Six ARE THE CULTURAL AFfAIRS OfFICER THE DEPUTY CULTURAL '-FrAIRS OHltE THE ASSISlAliT CUlTUIlAL AFFAIRS OfFICER ArID THREE BIIIATIOHAl CEUIER OIRECIORS 8 IHE UISSION IS RECOal l NDlliG THAI rOUR OF THHE SIX CULTURAL POlS III DNS BE ABOLISHED -- THE OCAD IHE ACAO AnD TWO or THE THREE BIUATIOUAL tENTER DIRECTORS I OISSElIl fROU THIS R tOilllEliOATlOII SINCE IT WOULD CUI THE CULTURAL PROCHII III CHILE AT A TlUE YIlIEH BECAUSE Of TENStNESS BETWEEN OUR TWO GOVERIiMEtHS II IS IUPERATIYE T KEEP U S CULTURAl ArID PEQ LE·TO-PEOPLE PROGRAIJS NOT OHl Y Alive BUi THRIVI G 9 WITHOUT AllY APPAR£J1l eOllCUIi fOR IHE POllIICAl RWIFICATIDIlS Of THIS DECISion NOR THE EFFEcr orl IKE LIAlIY 1 1 CHilE WHO LOOK TO OUR CULTURAL CENTERS TO ItICRHSE THE BOUDS OF FRIENDSHIP BE1IIHII THE PEOPLES Of BOIH rlWOIlS tHE UISSJorr HAS RrCOWlfIIO£D ABOLISHllIG AMERICAN CENTER DIRECTORS IN cOnCEPCIOIl I'I1lERE fOR 15 YEARS THERE HAS aWl 1- 11 I ERIGAn FFIC£R AliO III YALPARAISO WlIERE THERE HI S aEEli All AMERICAN FOR 21 YEARS I DISSEJIT rROII THIS DECISION 3 AOORESSIlIC POII T IAI I OISSEIIT fROU THE INSTRUCTIONS GIVEII BY THE DEPARTUENT III PARLI III IHAT THE A IBASSAOOR IS TO KEEP HIS RECOUUEfIDATlOIlS SEeRn rROU OTHER nWEUTS OF THE UISSIOtl THIS IS DIRECTlY OPPOSITE TO THE PHILOSOPHY OF THIS AOUIHLSTRAIIOti f R AS lIUCH OPEHHESS AS POSSIBLE In DIPlOW CY I DISSEHT fROII THE DEPARTItrHT'S VIEW IHAT THIS IS tlECESSARY TO VE THE AiJCASSAODR fREEDOM OF ACIIOll III tlAXHiC CANDID RECOUUENDAiIOIlS TO rHE OEPARTfJE T RECO l1 HlOA TlONS flADE Itl SECRET WlfHOUI SOLICITIIIG IHE YIE OF IHE RESP01ISIB E Off IC£R MOST COrlCERllED I'll TH THE SPECIFIC QUESIIOII IIAY BE UtlDID aUI ALSO CArl EASILY LACK THE IIECESSARl HEllElHS or IrJFORMAED OPitiiO 1 FOR THE DEfARl lEllT TO UAKE LOGICAL DECISIOIIS l THIS OFF ICER WAS ASKED 10 WORY LOnG MIO HARD wITH OTHER ElHtrlnS Of THE COUlmy T ' ' TO DRAft THE PHilOSOPHY EXPRESSED Itl PART I OF IHE PARIJ THEIl HE WAS EXCLUDED fROU THE HlINGS I 1lICH DEJERUIfIW PART III OF THE SAtl HuelS£ S IN THIS REGARD I POST THE rOLLOWlllG QUESlIONS A If IHE STAlE OEPAR I EHT CAN'T HAVE GPrIl'DIPLOMACY WIIHIN ITS DIIlI fllBASSItS BETWWI fEllOW fOREICII SERVICE OFFICERS HOW CAli IT SINCERElY SUPPORT PRESIDEIIT tARTU'S POLICY Of OPEn OlPlOuACY WITH TKE AI lER I CAli PEOPlE B CAll AllY SO-CAllED UE BER Of rHE COUIITRY lEAlA EVCR SERIOUSLY COIISiOH HIJJSElF A IlEYOER OF rHE CDUIHRT TEAfA If DECISions 111VOL VIlIG HIS ROlE 'N THE ElJeASS' HE MADE SECRE IL Y BY SEl£C1 O OTHER t EllBERS Of THE COUNTRY TEAU LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416894 Date 10 11 2017 oa 86 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No Doc No C06431118 Date 11 13 2017 F-2016-07743 r o RELEASE IN PART E-t 86 Z ' pS _ e' f 1 f tc '1 • • • • •• tNFO • I R l2 8102'i •• MAV 75 _ M • W MeMaA'SV' ABU QHtSt· 'TO· to WASHDe' 4408 S C T TE F i e N f If r • y o ue a ' ·TMjf · SU8J C'l N • it A 1 ' ABU DHAB i· i432' f GDS eo PF OR •• P %NS $U •• OFFICIAL ' WEI tCOME 'TO PRESIDENT' N MEtRt· OiSS NT CHANNE Ii o LowiNG M SSASE CRAFT D BY' FS ti fytb bk t' 5±i6 EiibN • '2 't WiREUESS ••• • ·w'- r File ••• L - I_ _ _ - QF THLn SD Y MAY' 27 CARRH s XTE iN 'N W ROUNDU - 86 _- - - - ' • _ _ _ w __ • RI FERRXNG TO REUTER8 REPO T' OUT' OF KHMnOUM _ • 4· lit I U • _ TO • PREa DENT' N%MEIR% ·WIL ' VXSITLOTH oA FF ECT 'THAT t SUDANE ¥ • U S 'POR TWO' W EKS IN 'JUNE AND W Be'RECEivED ev PRESiDENT QR5 ANO' MEMBERS OFI'CONGRe SS ' X' CAN ON I - H p a 1Hli' R UTERS %e RONGI cOMp L ELY ANO ·tOTA 9 RONG 'eAO Y HOWEVER % AS UM THAr usx A gUl D NCT' HAve F-UT ·TH Xle M IN 'T-Hf IREI ESS' Fn Et IN 'THE 'PIIUT' PLACE IFI IT' WERE NOT CORRECT HENCE 'T' ' j # Ii t_ • • • • • • _ _ • i l _ _ MESSAGE TO EXPRES MY STRONG CIS NT FROM THgl AL OWS' _ _ • PO lCY'DECtSl0N WHl NIM tRi To BE' GiVEN AN bF tciAL wEC bME iN 'TH U $ ' RANKtY TH THOUGHT'QF PR ebxENTuFORO RECEtviNG'NfMEIRi1 iN'TH • 'P WHi tgU10U§ g ALMoar MAKES ME pgyeicA LV iL •• ON ·60Es NOr HAVE TO H y 8 RVEI IN' HAR OUM XN_MASCI I' 191 5 pN COESIoNOT' NEE 'T 0' H II f BE N A Cl ose · FB I NQ OF· CUR r MOORE AI DE P ' f • I ADM%R R OEtC eo NQELlTO a PPAL P ATTTH T QU H ' O I'TM ' U S GPY RNM Nt'i OF OUILPRESXD NTi He COM NG T HIS' MA YlHP _ ' I Ra EA ED ·THE MIJA OER$ _ TtfE E'I·TWO f OREI Nf SERy Ic ·'COL I EAGUES II tT Ie WRONG 'JUST' PUREL Y ANO Jel p L Y· WRONG ' t I _Qot' i E kB ulii5 ·OF CM BROKEN O F RELATIONS tTH_THE eUOAN CeNF e N tl' 'fHit' W Abu o IN 1914 WHEN ' ME HivE MURDERS __ • --------_ -'-_ -- _ ----------------- -' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 oc No C06431118 Date 11 13 2017 fliNCLASSI FIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431118 Date 11 13 2017 - Q u-'''' _ I CCI P UIENTiAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-20 -07743 Doc No C06431118 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 ' ' r ' ---------- ------------ ' D'epa r t1Jt n ' f -Stat • ···· r----c- ' -1' '1' •• - o C ONfIqENf1 L' I 4 I 657' tt PAGE 01 ASUNC I 0 49 ' RELEASE IN PART '0 1 164eZ 0 0' 02 86 51 ACT tON 55 -14 · 7·· · 1015'''' t ' ' R I 1535Z 'JUN '12 FM-AMEM8ASSY ASUNCION TO' ECS iE WASHO 8374 'C 'O N F I o t S£NT SYBJECTa D 'E N'T t A l EC rtON' r OF' '2' A UNCtON 14 9 CHANNE1 DISSENT E SA NAR D I S ON ROL ' R€F' AI DEPT A-3559 OF' APRfL '81 BI ASUNCION Ao54 OF' II 1NF' I 1 ASlJfllr rnN A-S' OF 'JANUARy' 31 Ir OUNTRY ANALYSIS ANO STRATEGV PAPfER I ' ' '0 -1 '0 - - ' I - - THIS' CABLE TRANSMITS DISSENTING VIEW SUBMITTED BY F'SO-5 I 'FSO o 6 AND I' FSO·S ' 9NDD SPEcIAL AGENT IN CI fARGE I ' CONCURS SUBSTANCE OF MESSAGE RECOM MEND THIS CA9LE RECEIVE SAM 'OtS Ri13U ION AS REr BI '0 •••• ' B6 B6 T IS MESSAGE CONTAINS RECOMMENDED MEASURES TO BE AKtN BY u s IN LIGHT PARAGUAYAN GOVERNHENTIS'LACK OF 'COMMITMENT TO COOPERATE IN NARCOTICS FJELD REF 161 POUCHED JUNE j2 UPD TES EMBASSYQS NARCOTICS 'ACTION CONTROL PLAN IN OUR OPINION THIS UPDATED PLAN 2 • SATISFACTORY AS rAR AS IT GOES BUT LACKS SPECIFIC RECO MENOATtONS ON U S ACTTO S AND rIME FRAMES FOR COHERENT IMPLEMENTATioN' THe TIME IS LATEI AND'CONCRETE MEASURES UST' NOW SUPPLEMENT WORDs IF WE ARE EITHER TO OBTAIN GOP'COOPERATrON oR BRING HOME TO GOP CONSEQOE CES Or'FAILURE TO COOPERATE ' ' - 3 B CKGROUNO' LACK OF PARAGUAVAN POLITICAL COMMJ MENT REF 161 OUTLINES 1 ACK OF GOP COMMITMENT BUT WE BELIEVE FACTS SET FORTH 'THEREIN SHOULD BE INTERPRETED EVEN'MORE UNFAVORABLE AGAINST GOP ITEM' TO OUR KNOWLEDGE GOP HA NOT HAOE HARD DRUG ARREST ON ITS OWN INITIATIV IN - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 Department of State TELEG r l A UNCI 01 99 PAGE 02 '1416 0Z 01 0' 02 PAST FEW YEARS THOUGH THREE COCAINE TRAFFICKERS ARRESTED ATE MAY 19121 BASED ON iNFORMATION SUPP IED BY BNDP GOP HAS HUSHED UP ARRESTS THOUGH IT HAS PRIVATELY ST TEO INTENTION PRQSECU E Ex POST CTO UNDER ' TO SE PASSEO DRUG lAW wE BEI lEVE GOP KNOWS PROSECUTION ' WIL ' FAIL ON CO STTTUTIONAL GROUNOS - • 4' IT M' surrICIENT EVIOENCE EXISTS'TO SUPPORT CONC U SION THAT DELAY IN AP ROVAL PENOiNG ORUGhLEGISLATtON IS RESULT OF INTERVENTION sY PRESIDENT STROESSNER RATHER THAN LOW PRyORITY E ASSIGNED TO PAiSAGEo AD H WtSHED LAW WOULD 8E PASS D BY NOW s ITtM' EVENTUAL OEPORTATJON AUGUSTE RIcaRo EVEN TO COOPERATING THIRD COUNTRY WOULO TILL NOT DEMONSTR TE'FULL COMMITMiNT'TO COOPERAiE' JTH UoS N DRUG PR09LEM 'ivEN- IF EVENTUALLY RESUlTiNG IN U S CUSTociv OF RTrORD WOUlD SUGGEST TO nd D COUNT IES HORE rN EREsT O IN SACRIFIC1 L LAMBS 'O PROPAGANDA PURPOSES THAN IN u s ' - OBTAIN NG BASIC POLITICAL COMMITMENTS TO 'COOPERATe 'IN DRUG tONTROL IN FAct EVEN EXTRADITION AT THIS LATE DATE WOULD SHOW PRECIOUS LtTT E OMMITMENT 6' STROESSNER9S REFUSAL TO RECEIVE AMBASSADOR WHEN LATTER HAD RETURNED FROM' CHIEFS-OF MIssiON CONFERENCE SPEcrFrtAL Y TO SEE STROESSNER ts AT VERY LEAST SYMPTOM of WHiT WE BELIEVE IS His FAILURE TO COMPREHEND SERIOUSNESS witH WHICH UaS VIEWS TRAFFICKING DESPITE CONSIOE ABl E U S EFFORlS to OATE HOWEVERI STROESSNER HAS HEARD ONLY WOROS ROM US WE BELiEVE U S MUST GO BEYOND WORDS NOW TO ENSURE THAT' STROESSNF R U DERSTANOS CONSEQUENCES'OF rAILURE TO COOPERATE AND GIVE ·HIM OPPO TUNlTY GET' MESSAGE ONE LAST TIME ' ' WE OWE' STROESSNER OppORTUNITY 'TO RESPOND 'TO C r S PAST YEAR Bon OUR WORDS AND ACTS HAVe ' ' Ji CONVEYED MIXED SJGN LS'ABOUT DEPTH Or OUR CONCERN WITH PARAGUAYAN COMMtT ENT EHBASSY O FtCERS AND SOME U G ' VISITORS HAVE RIED REPEATEDLY CON Y QUR DESIRES BOT ONE rGH 000 OFFicrA INTENTIONALLY OMITTED OISCUSS DRUGS wITH Sr ROESSNER IN CONTRAST AMBASSADOR'S HARO-LINE APPROACH TO FOREIGN 'MINISTER TWO 'WEEKS AGO STROESSNER BECAUSE OURING • - ' ' ' - - - _ _ _ ' - - - ' ' ' ' --- --- - - - - - ' - - - ' _ _ i' 5 ' i ' -'-' ' - - - • r - r _ _ ' • 0 ' '- ' • oJ' g IF' I gENT At - - - - UNCLA SSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 • - - - l- 1' 0' ' eCN f Er4TIAL PAGE 03 ASYNP 0 99 01 all' 02 ' i 6 0Z iNVITED TO USH ILGP RECEPTION' TH' S wn 1 TO' ONOR 'i NAt TERABLE FRIENDSHiP eETWEEN U S PA AGUAYAN ARMED FORce SD MEM ' WHiLE OUR ACTS OVER SAME P£RJOD HAVE ALMOST CERTA NLY GIVEN STROESSNER IDEA THAT' ALL ' IS WELL PASSAGE SUGA ' QUOTA APPROVAL AID LO NS 'OEl 1VERY 20 00 RIF'l ES ANO' 'i3 'HELICOPTERS EARLY 1972 ANDOECjVERY TWO MAP SULlQ D ZERS WOTH $901000 Li S T' WEEK ' '''f' ' ' PHASE ONE FI vE RECOMMENOAT iONS DES I GNEO 'TO I NPL E MENT' RECOMMENOAT I ON REF Ie PAGE 7 TO USE' ALi MEANS AT OUR DISPOSAL TO El letT A POLITICAL COMMITMENT FROM GOP BEFORE AUGUST II DEMONSTR TED BY 'CONCRETE ACTSo RECOMMENDED U S 4CTlON 6EFORE J L t ' 8 ' 'I EMBASSY BE INSTRUCTED CANCEL FOURTH OF 'JUL Y RECEPTION' UNLESS RICORD EXTlUDJT10N eASE DECIOEO FAVOR u C t' RY PPEALS COURT BY UNe 26' ' I Ii EM'BASSY BE I NSTRUCTEO • AJ T AY u s • of ot •• CONVEY FOU OW t NG TO GOP THIS WEEKI EITHER INFORMALLY OR BY NOTE • ' HILI ' ASSISTANCE TO PARAGUAY W S CUT THIS YE R PARTLY DUE'LACK OF SATrsFACTORY P AGUA AN PERFORMANCE OROG FIELD 81 DELIVERY 600 eAR RrrLES TWENTY 'CANNON NOW ON HiGH SEAS RIF'l E AMMUNITION AND OTHER' MATERIEl ' IN SUPPL Y CHANNEL BEING DELAYED SAME REASONp ' ' • ' •• to ' •• I CON f HTIA - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472123 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472789 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART ANIIA c u ·132 eo HANO INIlINOIC AoTOR 0 TO Department ofl t7'tate - -' 'i' Dee ment pleaee z ' 'PBS __-4-- - JNFO ' IJ I' r 1'i F -- 11- - P -ll--- ' O PRIORITY LIMITED OFFICIAL USE NO INIt 10 NO toate'cWbist ributl'pn Per Nr Ilichard R Peterson I wOUlffiES' s BWAi'aa'f _MOOeew illV aUE S OFH WARihl W _ -- I 2-281H3 rJa FRO FROM NT '-All TAR SUBJECT TR liMO AIR AoOR C A NAVY REF ' DATE Amembassy BELGRADE Dissent Message A'-3559 February 24 1973 - I SIPc SY'J 'O - O - U ' - 'A-t- N Ti SSENT CHANim ' -h7 S JPreS J I sJ rgram transmits a dissenting' view submitted by Chief of the Consular Section ' '----------' 'J Ul -S 86 A Folicy Initistive--Elimination of Section 212 a 28 C from the ImmiSEation 'and ationality Act - I urge the Department to take an active and vigorous lead within the Administration to formulate and have introduced an amendment to the Immigration and Nationality Act eliminating Section 212 a 28 C --in essence membership in a communist party or' its affiliates--as a ground of ineligibility to'receive a visa to th United States t - This section of the law which was born in the traumatic times of the early 1950's has outlived whatever usefulness it may have Md I f it need be pointed out one has to look only to the past yeE r to see how dramatically and wisely our policy has changed toward thc'se who are by definition excludable --along with I might add crininals carriers' of communicable diseases and pro titutes 0 Q a I ' ' -I j e _ CI to Furthermore this section of the law has little effect in practice thanks to pragmatic adm istrative measures which get around its awkward and 'untoward effects For example waivers are wisel y and routinely 'granted by the Immigration and Naturalization Service to permit members of communist parties to'enter the United States as nonl mmigrants In addition the Department of State humanely reaches findings of involuntariness in immigrant visa applications so Cegularly as to be almost pro forma LIMITED OFFICIAL USE rence 1' iWru' O l 'OD'eu J FOR pEPT USE ONLY OOIlt E8'IQ IItCaUOD ApprOVeCIDyl n · tJ n n • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472789 Date 01 11 2018 RR 86 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476118 Date 01 11 2018 ceNFI EI T AL ' ' • • to _ • _ _ _ _ _ • RELEASE IN PART 86 - ' ' _ _ - - ' L _ _ _ _ _ •••••• _ _ _ _ _ _ •• _ _ -l _ SIP 1'THORNTON· 'AG---··--·--'·'·-·-·-·· ---·--··-' _- 10 14 81 - EXT ·22' 72 ' ' j SIP PWOLFOWITZ • '-' - _ ·I' · O • · - - - to' r- -' ROUTINE -- SAN JOSE - -_ _ - --_ __ - • - _ oJ 't' ' ' ' r -----'-- •••• 'IJ' •• - • •• I ' '0 - • to - ' ' ' - _ ' - - ' - _ _ •• _ - _ Of 86 DISSENT CHANNEI · - ' FOR -I_ _ _ _--'·1 FROM SIP WOLFOWITZ E O 11652 P 'GD 10 14 87 WOLFOWITZ PAUL t TAGS SUBJECT CO TA RICA S ECONOMIC CRISIS REfERENCE ·S AN 1 Jost 5764 eeNFIBEPJTIAl - ENTI RE· T EXT • • to • • • • 2 WE HAVE' RECEIVE D' YOUR 1 ISSEN T CHANNEL MESSAGE OF SEPTEMBER 8 S·TUD E» IT ·CAR E·f UL Y ND BROUGHT IT TO THE ATTENrrON Of' THE SENIOR· CONCERNED OFFICERS OF THE DEPARTMENT I APPRECIATE THE 'TI10UGHT THAT YOU HAVE GIVEN TO THIS MATTER AND'THE INITJAT±VE THAT JOU HAVE TAKEN IN DRAWING ATTENTION TO THE DIffICULT ECONOMIC SITUATION' OF COSTA RICA AND SOME' OF ITS POSSIBLE EFfECTS ' _ 3 YOUR tONCtUS±ON THAT THt CUR ENT lEVEL OF EXTERNAL ' ASSISTANCE IS NbT i ADEQUATE SAFETY NET FOR COSTA RICA IS INCONTESTABLE • WE ALSO' AGREE -- WHILE WE MUST PURSUE WAYS TO INtREASE ECONOM C ASSI TANCE TO OSTA RICA -- HAT WE SHOULD CDNSID R THE POSSIBILITY THAT· EVEN INCRElSED U VELS OF ECONOMIC ASSISTANCE MA'i' NOT SUFFICE T O PREVENT A SEVERE DETERIORA'iION IN THE COSTA RICAN ECONOMY HOWEVE'R WE D N'OT BEI IEVE THAT EC ONOMIC HARDSHIP WI'LL NECESSARILY LEAD TO A FAIL RE OF DEMOCRACY IN COSTA RICA OR THAT A TAKE-6VE BY EITHER'LEfT OR RIGHT IS INEVITABLE THERE ARE eillE-R' POLITICAL fACTORS AT W RK IN COSTA RICA AND • EVEN re AP-PEAR CI'lDlILT lIr THI _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476118 Date 01 11 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476118 Date 01 11 2018 • 0 e6NFI ENr'IAL' - - -_ _----- • - - - 2 THER E ARE OTHER R OLITICAL FACTORS 'AT WO K N COsT'A RICA AND rVEN TO APPEAR TO GIVE UP ON CENTRIST ALTERNATIVES TO THE PRESENT GOVERNMENT ESPECIALLY BEFORE THE-ELECTIONS COULD UNDERMINE THE' BE T HOPE THAT COSTA RICA HAS if NONETHELESS WE DO NEED 'TO CONSIDER A''FI ILL 'RANGE OF CONTINGE·NC' ttS· AND' 'OPTIONS INCL UDING THE ONE THAT YOU HAVE SET FORTH IN GENERAC TERMS hiE WOULD WELCOME SPECIFIC SGENARIOS AND RElA'TED PoL'ICY iU COMMENDATIONS THAT '1'0 1 1 AND YOUR' COLLEAGUES 'IN THE 'tMB·ASSY 'BELIEV'e WOULD' BE USEFUL FOR' THE FORMULATION Of MID AND LONGER ERM U S pbLICY TOWARDS COSTA RICA • 5 TH NK YOU iGAIN FOR YOUR CONSTRUCTIVE OSE OF THE DISSENT c'iiANNEL '· 'yy ' ' ' 0' • • ' ' ' - ' CQNFUENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-oi743 Doc No C06476118 Date 01 11 2018 co 64154 6TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415463 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 Apr1l 21 1977 L - -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ak 11 1m Dissent 86 --- JI Ch amiel '- ' Memo 1 Iffa iled to 11s the e attaohments at the end of the melllO r and I wuld appreoiata l if' the following could be addeda Att-e ohments8 a Uarch 1977 issoo of the Foreign Servioe Jour nal b March 15» l m memo to 80M R Eriksson c List af the El BalvadorF Education Beotor Analysis d o uments tf 2 As you wJ the proposed a bolishment of the 3eotol Analysis DiVision in the Latin American B1 tt-eau is one of the issues dealt nth 1n the memo I l ava argued that the policy implications of this deoision have not bean fUlly considered I 'im S j Ye ter told thB t a cable inf01'll1il l8 the missions that the division 1e being abolished hes been oil'Oulatad in the Bureau and is about to be Gent - f- ' - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415463 Date 10 11 2017 I cONF l'ENTIIrb S P RFEINBERG RYM 9 271781 EXT 20822 S P ALAKE ' l f ' J S P-GF X' HA SIP ARA AND-MBARNEBY J ONLY ROUTINE SANTIAGO fSSENT CHANNEL - FOR lL_ _ _ _---- JlfROM E O 11652 ' 86 SIp-LAKE AL RFf f 1 GF GDS TAGS N A SUBJECT 11B ' ry ' DISSENT 'CHANNEl '11ESSAGE fIRST I WOUL LIKE TO COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DIS ENT CHANNEL IN ACCORDANCE WITH DISSENT CHANNEL PROCEDURES YOUR MESSAGE' HAS BEEN CIRCUlATED TO THE OffICE OF THE SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE 'EXECUTIVE SECRETARY OF THE 'DEPARTMENT THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN fORUM THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY 9F THE 'BUREAU OF INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS ANu THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY Of BUREAU OF HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUtlA JITARIAN AFFAIRS ' '1 I 2 WE AGREE WITH MANY OF THE Pt r NT rXPRESS£1 IN V'OUR CABLE FOR EXAMPLE IT IS CERTAINLY TRUE THAT THE GOC 'ECONOMIC STRATEGY HAS EMPHASIZED REDUCING LABOR COSTS BOTH TO CONTROL EFFECTIVE DEMAND AND INCREASE iHE INTERNATIONAL COMPETITIVENESS OF CHILEAN EXPORTS WAGES HAVE BEEN A MA OR EXCEPTION TO THE GOC POLICY Of ALLC ING PRICES TO BE SET ON THE FREE MARKET 3 THE DANGERS FACING OUTLINED IN PARA 8 OF THAT WHILE THE WORST BEEN SHARPLY REDUCED WORKERS WHO DARE TO PROTEST AS YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ILLUSTR TE FORMS OF HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES HAVE M NY Of THE INSTITUTIONAL ME HANISMS tONf H1E WHAt L - 4 __ _ _ _____ • __ • __ •• _ _ __0 __ • - _ _ _ _ _ •• _ _ _ _• -_ _---_ - - - -- - - - - - J _ _ _ _ _ _ _-_ _ _ _ _ _ - • _ _ _ - ------ ---- -- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446328 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446328 Date 12 11 2017 ---- ------------------------ ---------------------- p -_ I 2 OF REPRESSION REMAIN IN PLACE THE RAPID ARREST AND RUSTICATION OF WORKERS IN THE CHUQUICAMATA NINE DISPUTE ILLUSTRATE GOC WILLINGNESS TO EXERT SUFFICIENT FORCE AS REQUIRED B·Y ITS PERCEPTION OF NATIONAL SECURITY NEf DS'AND ACCEPTABLE WAGE RATES 4 tHE REJECTION BY THE COPPER ORKERS OF THE GOC-APPOINTED LEADERS POINTS OUT THE FLAWS IN THE GOe'S ATTEMPT TO SUBSTITUTE GOVERNMENT-CONTROLLED UNIONS FOR DEMOCRATIC ONES ON THE OTHER HAND FINANCE MINISTER DE CASTRO'S ARGUMENT THAT COPPER WORKERS ARE ALREADY AMONG THE eEST PAID CHILEAN WORKERS IS CERTAINLY TRUE AND IS IRONICALLY REMINISCENT OF ALLENDE'S OWN CRITICISMS OF THE OPPOSITION INSPIRED COPP ER WORKERS' STRIKE DURING THE UP'S LAST 'MONTHS 5 THE PRESENCE OR ABSENCE OF POLITICALLY-ORIENTED CHILEANS DURING THE PROTEST SHOULD NOT CLOUD AN ANALYSIS OF THE ECONOMIC ARGUMENTS FOR AND AGAINST AN ADJUSTMENT OF WAGES OR OTHER BENEFITS OF COURSE WE REJECT THE·GOC LABEL OF POLITICAL ACTIVITY WITHIN LABOR UNIONS AS SUBVERSIVE WORKERS SHOULD BE FREE TO FQRM THEIR OWN ORGANIZATIONS AND TO ELECT LEADERS AND IT IS PERFECTLY LEGITIMATE fOR THEM TO CHOOSE POLITICALLY AfFILIATED LEADERS IF THEY BELIEVE IT TO BE IN THEIR BEST lNTERESTS • b AGAIN LET ME THANK YOU FOR SHARING YOUR VIEWS WITH US • I H PE THAT THESE COMMENTS ARE RESPONSIVE TO YOUR CONC£RN$ Iy ' - _ ' ' ' c· L· - _----------------------------------------_ _-- -- ------- _----- - _ __ --- ---- _ -- _-- '--- ----- - _ _-- _ CONFIDENTIAL - _ - ----- ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446328 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476747 Date 01 11 2018 _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - L I 1111 I L U Dep rtnlent PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-C1l I NFO STATE OCT-lUI 3731 E5-01 DRAFTED BY S P PMCORCORAN APPROvEO BY S PlE5vENDSEN RELEASE IN FULL 101 13 R 5 P OBANOL E R I ISZl l42Z JUL oj StC le 186729 A05-C0 ------------------2 2023 83 OUTGOING TELEGRAM U Y L U I I I lJ I I L 06C lC l3IZ 138 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEM9ASSY NAIROBI LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 186729 DISSENT CHANNEl E Ol 12356 NIA TAGS EFIN EAIO KE BJECT FY8S S ESF USG SHOULD NOT DISBURSE USDOL 28 MIL L ION IN CASH GRANT TO THE GOK REF 1 NAIROBI Al 19384 Bl' AIROSI I 19374 i THANK FY83 84 YOU FOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT ME'SSAGE ON THE ESF FOR GOK 2 COPIES OF YOUR CABLE HAVE BEEN FORWARDED TO THE FOLLOwI 'G --THE' SeCRE TARY --THE UNDERSECRETARY FOR SECURITY ASSI STANCE TECHNOL OG'Y --THE UNOER5ECRETA Y FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRSi --DIRECTOR POlITICO-MIlITARY AFFAIRSj --BUREAU OF ECONOMIC ANO BuSINESS AFFAIRS --BUREAU OF AFRICAN AFFAIRSi --SIS - CHARLES HILL --S I i AND --AID - AFR SCIENCE AND WILL AN APPROPRIATE MEI eER OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIV R P Y 3 I 'COMMENO YOUR USE OF THE Z DISSENT CHANNEl DAM ' • ' llMfTEO OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476747 Date 01 1172018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445638 Date 12 11 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART Washington D C 20520 86 September 19 1974 I I o f f 'c-e-- o f C e n t-r a l A f r 'c a n Affairs Room 42'38 Dear l 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - - - ' Thank you for your letter to Mr Lord of September 15 1974 in which you resubmitted your dissent message concerning the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon I have discussed your paper with Mr Lord and other responsible Members of the Policy Planning Staff We would plan as indicated in my letter to you of July 16 1974 to bring your dissent to the attention of the Secretary if the Bureau of African Affairs were to make a recommendation with which you were not able to concur As you acknowledged in your letter ot September 15 the Secretary's schedule would make it unlikely that he could read the large number of documents which you forwarded under the cover of that letter I am of the opinion that an oral briefing as you recommended would be inappropriate and would like to make the suggestion that you condense your dissent message to a memorandum to Mr Lord of about two pages The memorandum should be on Department stationery I believe a document of this length would have the best chance of receiving the Secretary's full att ntion I hope this suggestion meets with your approval and await the revised dissent memorandum at your earliest convenience Sincerely sw door-s--' Special Assistant to the Director Policy Planning Staff cc P - Mr Djerejian OFP - Mr Smith P S Y9ur letter of September 19 1974 was received after the typing of the above I also attach the two substitute pages which YOU enclosed wi t- h vrmr 10 - -0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445638 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445889 Date 12 11 2017 iRELEASE IN PART 861 I UNCL'ASSIFIED dP' PPT LPETERSON SCA GLEBEDEV HRA' CODE 128128176 M LSEAGLEBURGER SIP CWK ONTOS SIP RBARTHOLOMEW' 9 25 75 ' S P-OFP PJLYDON MEXICO ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 NA HGS' CPAS SUBJECT SAME PASSPORTS FOR ALL USG EMPLOYEES 86 FORL-I_ _ _ _ _ _---1I FROM DEPUNSEC EAGLEBURGER I 1 I AM PLEAS D THAT MY MESSAGE ON EQUAL EMPLOYMENT OPPORTUNITY AND DISCRIMINATION PROMPTED YOUR THOUGHTFUL TELEGRAM AND I 'HOPE THAT YOU AND YOUR COLLEAGUES WILL CONTINUE TO BRING TO MY ATTENTION THOSE AREAS WHICH MUST Bt EXAMINED IN ORDER TO REMOVE DISCRIMINATORY PRACTICES AGAINST USG EMPLOYEES 2 SECTION 51 3 OF TITLE 2 OF THE CODE OF FEDERAL REGULATIONS CLEARLY DEFINES THE CAT GORIES OF U S EMPLOYEES WHO MAY BE ISSUED DIPLOMATIC PASSPORTS QUOTE A FOREIGN SERVICE OFFICER A PERSON IN THE DIPLOMATIC SERVICE OR TO A PERSON HAVING DIPLOMATIC STATUS EITHER BECAUSE OF THE NATURE OF HIS fOREIGN MISSION OR B REASON OF THE OFFICE HE HOLDS UNQUOTE· 3 DIPLOMATIC PASSPORTS ARE OF COURSE INTENDED TO REFLECT THE TITLE AND STATUS OF THE USG EMPLOYEES AS AGREED UPON BETWEEN HOST GOVERNMENTS AND THE U S AND TO ENABLE USG BUSINESS TO BE CONDUCTED EXPEDITIOUSLY AND WITH THE LEAST POSSIBLE INTERFERENCE UN ORTUNATELY THE UNCLASSIFIED J L _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___________ _________ ___ -------------- -1 ••• - - or_ - _ _ ' r -o '-_ - n - _ _-1' -- __ _ _ _ __ ____ -_ _ ___ __________ _ __ t· 1 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445889 Date 12 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473884 Date 01 11 2018 Department of Stale TELF 7f- __•_______________ ______i E IN PART I LIMITED 63 L2'j INFO OCTu l OFFXCIA USE Sf 468 OJUG7N ES 02 A06 R FTEO BY S PAOFP p SYOGELGESANS PPROV D BV SIP • PBSWXERS alP co RQAK E V 111905Z JUL '4 FM S STATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY TEl AVIV LIMITED OFFI AL USE STATE 149739 ' OISSEN'I' CHANNEL £ 0 116 52 N A E'AGR IS ISRAe 's Py TAG v EUD p SUBJECT 1975 PL A8 TtT E I REQUIREMENTS REn· TEL AVIV 330 5 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEOGE ECErpT OF THE REFERENCED CHANNEL TELEGRAM OF JUNE 19 1 74 DISSF e g MRa ROBERT 04KLEV OF THE POLlCY PLANNING STAFF CS ' HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF SUBSTANTIVE RESPONSE I 10 SOl SSENT MESSAGE 0 TO 86 %N ACCOROANCf WITH THE STIPULATED OX5TRl8UTION FOR I IV S TF I EGRAM HAS BEEN e RCUI TEO 0 TM OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY J THE O RECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIR AN Of THE SECRETARYIS OPEN fORUM PANEL OISSENT MESSAGE'S wE OMMENn YOUR USE OF T E DISSENT CHANNE ANO WIL REPLY AS PROM TLY AS POSSIBLE TO YOUR CONCERN g KISSINGER IMITED - OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473884 Date 01 11 2018 86 co 641689 5 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 --------------------- ---- --------- --- -------------------- Doc No C06416895 Date 10 11 2017 ll'MITED OFF ICIAL USE OUTGO ING Department of State t ELEGRAM STATE PAGE 01 OCT-Iii 1 INFO d 144252 J O GIN ONY-00 ISO- 003 R 1 'II v £ 8Ul2 t 'j ' ' 'LXf' 4 yt DRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY 8DM -APPROVED 8Y SIP PHKREI58 RG M MO - MR SKODA SIP RJHARRINGTON SIP-OF NA80YER DESIRED DISTRIBUTION SIP ONLY ------------------033701 P 2122132 JUN 77 FM SECSTATE WASHoC TO AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO PRIORITY I i _1 212256Z 172 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 144252 DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 NIA TAGS NIA SUBJECT REF FORj POL I CY AJ DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES SANTIAGO' 452 CH RGE - B SANTIAGO 4556 C0 SANtIAGO 4623 ' BOYATT ET AL FROM KREISBERG ACTING - ST AFF I I HAVE RECEIVED YOUR D SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES CONCERNING PARM'PROCEOURES AND THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SANTIAG 'S OFFICER COMPLEMENT IN THE CULTURAL AFFAIRS SECTION 2 SINCE YOUR DISSENT DEALT WITH MANAGEMENT MATTERS COPIES OF REFTELS HAVE SEEN PROVIDED TO THE STAFF DIRECTOR OF THE OFFICE FOR MONITORING OVERSEAS DIRECT EMPLOYMENT WHO WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE COPIES MODEJ HAVE ALSO SEEN SENT TO ARA AND USIA TO ASSURE PROMPT ACTION ON FUTURE MESSAGES OF THIS NATURE PLEASE CAPTION MODE INSTEAD O DISSENT IN THE SUBJECT LINE OF YOUR MESSAGE VANCE - LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641 6895 Date 10 11 2017 86 - co 641695 rlED u s Department of State _ _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416951 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 I I UNCLASSIFIED S P MACASEY 8DM 8-22-77 EXT 29716 SIP PHKREISBER G SIP HHENTGES S P-Of-DSKINNEY SIP ONLY PORT AU PRINCE ROUTINE DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A TAGS Ht SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FOR J1 L I_ _ _ _ _ 86 FROr1 SIP - KREISBERG ACTING 1 THIS WILL ACKN6WLEDGE RtCEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON AID CUTS IN A HAITIAN HEALTH PROJECT· MS HARR·IET HENTGES OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEE N DESIGNATED COORDINAtOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISSENT CHANNE REGULATIONS YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES Of THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY · THE A -I D AD MINISTRATOR HE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIRS WE· COtlMEND YOUR U SE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY L UNCLASSIFIED •• 0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No g 9t _1 951 Date 10 11 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472792 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 OUT GO f t G I c LEG fh -OE' 'A - - I I • - ' r -I Or s'1 •• r I FORM DS 322 OCR LIMITED OFFICIAL USE I ' S PC RRPETERSON JK 2 22 73 EXT 22 7c SIPC bfICARGO SIS - MR HARRY BARNES ROUTINE ISSEN SUBd AND I ADDIS ABABA CHANNEL DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FRon MESSRS I I '----____ B6 B6 J REF ADDIS ABABA A-23 DATED FEB 7 1973 1 THIS ILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of' REF AIRGRAM'DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE INITIAL DISTRIBUTION HAS BEEN MADE TO THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR SECURITY ASSISTANCE THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU OF POLITICAL MILITARY AFfAIRS THE DIRECTOR Of THE BUREAU I OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH4 THE ASSISTANT SECRETARIES Of THE BUREAUS OF AFRICAN EUROPEAN AND ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS J AFfAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY Of THE DEPARTMENT AND THE ' • CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORUM PANEL YY 2 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472792 Date 01 11 2018 co 641546 6 IED u s Department of--------------------------------------------------State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415466 Date 10 11 2017 l-4C I RELEASE IN PART 86 SECRET SIP GSAUSTIN VB I' 22 77 X29571 S P PKREISBERG S P-OfP NABOYER IN DRAFT NEA ARN MDRAPER IN DRAFT SIP ONLY ·ROUTINE DAMASCUS STADIS DISSENT CHANNEL E • o 11 b 5·2 PHK GSA NAB MD GDS TAGS SUBJECT REF FOR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE DAMASCUS 1482 STATE 54187 L - I _ _ _ _- - ' FROM PAUL ·KREISBERG ACTING DIRECTOR SIP 86 I'M SORRY THAT SO MUCH TIME HAS ELAPSED SINCE OUR INTERIM RESPONSE TO YOUR DISSENT YOUR MESSAGE HAS RECEIVED ATTENTION IN NEA AND ELSEWHERE IN THE DEPARTMENT 1· 2 OUR THINKING HAS BEEN SIMILAR TO YOURS IN MANY WAYS AS YOU ARE PROBABLY AWARE WE EXERTED MAJOR EFFORTS IN NOVEMBER OF 1976 AS WELL AS IN LATE JANUARY AND EARLY fEBRUARY TO PERSUADE THE ISRAELIS THAT IT WAS IN THEIR INTEREST TO ALLOW A LIMITED MOVEMENT OF SYRIAN· ADF FORCES INTO SOUTH LEBANON TO CONTAIN THE PALESTINIAN PRESENCE THERE AND TO ESrABLISH THE AUTHORITY OF THE SARKIS GOVERNMENT· 3· WE TRIED OUT ON THE ISRAELIS A VARIETY OF fORMULAS SIMILAR TO YOUR PROPOSALS LIKE YOU WE HAD SOME HOPES L SECRET J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415466 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641546 6 IED u s Department of State FORM DS 322A OCR SECRET Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415466 Date 10 11 2017 I 2 THAT THE TACIT ISRAELI-SYRIAN UNDERSTANDING ABOUT SYRIA 1 S MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON WOULD REMAIN BUT WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CEASEFIRE IN OCTOBER 1976 AND AS SYRIAN MILITARY PRESSURES UPON THE PALESTINIANS BEGAN TO EASE AS A CONSEQUENCE THE ISRAELIS APPARENTLY DECIDED THEY COULD NOT TOLERATE A SYRIAN MILITARY PRESENCE BEYOND THE LITANI RIVER 4 AT AN EARLIER STAGE IN THE CONFLICT ISRAELI LEADERS SUCH AS PEREZ HAD CONDITIONED THE ISRAELI PUBLIC TO ACCEPT A LIMITED SYRIAN MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON THEY DID NOT DO SO AFTER OCTOBER 1976 AND PARTLY AS A RESULT ISRAELI PUBLIC CONCERN ABOUT A POSSIBLE SOUTHWARD MOVE OF SYRIAN FORCES GREW ISRAELIS ALSO FEARED AND WANTED TO FRUSTRATE MOVES THAT COULD BE INTERPRETED AS IMPLEMENTING THE SO-CALLED GREATER SYRIA CONCEPT 5 WE APPRECIATED HEARING YOUR COMMENTS ON THIS DIFFICULT QUESTION THANK YOU FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY SECRET ·L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415466 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASS'IFIED u s De'partment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431119 Date 11113 2017 IPEP 'RTMENT OF STA TE I ELEASE IN PART 1 3 86 322 9't'Rj '· f-oR'M -J S oA z f A ' · 1f • • J '11 · ' I I b rtv IC'T LI I ' 0 A I r - to' _ 'S H - • l • • 'il 1- J lrj I • Ctf T A r- - i f 5 -E - - - r ' k S SIS _S OIRI y t 6 - - '0 • • 6 -' '1' t I fO • Et t l At· f ' E J L JF • 'j 0---- · JF t · GDS · US POLICY IN THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN • u 1 • · REF BRIDGETOWN 2'lS2 2488 · 1 THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF i YOUR DISSENT CABLE ON · US POLICY IN THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN MR LUIGI EINAUDI OF THE POLIiY PLANfUNG STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHA · 'CHARGE 'OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR CABLE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EHECUTIVE SECRETARY THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER AMERICAN AFFAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRPERSON OF THE OPEN FORUM WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE'DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL' _RESPOND AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEbfS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED yy 6 5 J 1 J --- · l • 'r - - I t __ i· - l_ • • J l i J · 1 6 7 •• t i t J t L • i '1 'c - • • • · $ U SSJFICA nON · 'T''''' ·n c 1 'I i ce'NFIBEfiTIAL I ' • l' ·i t ' • Y·l It -' ------- e i -- C- _ - '_7 t ' 1 1 I - N B lAGS PINT PINS PGOV PFOR EAID BS GJ XL CU ·2 8 6 ' 4 lAcS t I ' · · AP1·C S SUBJECT · t • A ''- ¢ I DISSEN i' CHANNEL F ORJ · 3 R UTlN6 8RIJGETOWN E O 116 52 I • · fe t· ••CDheE t - SIP NBOYER N ' ·S P- JOHN FORBES- · 1 4i 7 -lX22 172 e ·1 N' S P JOHN 'FORBES 'i 'f' ' - I - I ' ' 1-1 it ' -L w6 -- '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07713 _Doc No C06431119 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431460 Date 11 13 2017 I RELEASE IN PART CeNFI 9ENTIAL 86 SIP PB·SWIERS BDM 5-7-76 EXT 22972 S P RBARTHOLOMEW S P-OfP PJLYDON SIP ONLY IMMEDIATE BUCHAREST DISSENT CHANNEL FOR 1-1_ _ _ _ _--'1 0 NL Y E o RB PBS llb5 2 GDS TAGS PFOR EEWT · ETRD us RO PJL SUBJECT 'DISSENT MESSAGE ' REF BUCHAREST 2463 1 THIS CABLE WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR' DISSENT'MESSAGE US-ROMANIAN LONG-TERM ECONOMIC INDUSTRIAL AND TECHNICAL COOPERA T-ION AGREEMENT WE ARE PUZ ZLED HOb EVER BY YOUR REQUESTED' DISTRIBUTION DISSENT 'CHANNEL IS A • HANDLING INDICATOR IN THE SAME MATTER AS NODIS AND THEREFORE TO HANDLE THE MESSAGE AS NODIS WOULD BE REDUNDANT YOU WIll NOTE FROM DEPARTMENT AIRGRAM A-3592 OF APRIL 29 1974 THAT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES ARE AUTOMATICALLY t DISTRIBUTED TO' THE SECRETARY THE SIP DIRECTOR AN'D THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THUS YOUR MESSAGE WOULD NOT BE RESTRICTED SOLELY TO THE SECRETARY IN ITS·INITI L DISTRIBUTION FURTHER AS YOUR MESSAGE IS NOT OF UNUSUAL SUBSTANTIVE SENSITIVITY ' IT· HAS BEEN GIVEN TO THE OPEN FORUM PANEL CHAIRPERSON AS WELL 'IN ACCORDANCE WITH THAT AIRGRAM- '-'WE WOUlD-A'SK FOR A FURTHER EXPLANAT-ION OF YOURREQUEST THAT COPIES OF YOUR MESSAGE BE GIVEN TO THE ACTING SECRETARY P AND THE COUNSELOR DID YOU MEAN THAT YOU WISHED THOSE OfFICES ESPECIAllY-TO-RECEIVE COPIES OR THAT THERE BE NO DISTRIBUTION BEYOND THEM IN THE NORMAL COURSE OF EVENTS WE WOULD DISTRIBUTE A COpy TO THE CONCERNED CGNFIBENTIAI - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431460 Date 11 13 2017 86 r' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431460 Date 11 13 201i FORM DS 322A OCR CONFIDENTIAL BUREAU AND IN YOUR PARTICULAR C SE DO N T BELIEVE T AT EUR SHOULD BE EXCLUDED WHEN THE COUNSELOR'S OFFICE IS ON DISTRIBUTION YOU ARE REQUESTED TO REPLY IMMEDIATELY • 2 IT WAS NOTED AT THE CONCLUSION OF YOUR MESSAGE THAT THE 'CHARGE HAD NO CLEARED WE WISH TO POINT OUT THAT IN THE DISSENT CHANNEL If IS ASSUMED THAT THE POST HAS NOT CLEARED SUBSTANTIVELY ALTHOUGH IT HAS AUTOMATICALLY' APPROVED A DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE FOR TRANSMISSION 3 IN THE MEANTIME MR MICHAEL ELY'O THE POLICY plAN NING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE' OF Ii SUBSTANTIVE REPLY ' WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNE AND WILL PROVIDE A REPLY AS SOON AS POSSIBLE YY ·L eONFIBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431460 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473592 Date 01 11 2018 DEf'ARTMENT F STATE ' CONFIDENTIAL Septemb r 27 1974 t-1EHORANDUM B6 TO AF C - FROM SIP - SUBJECT Dissent Channel - DC-8 Sale to Gabon L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ninston Lord '·l C ' This memorandum '1111 ackno - ledge receipt of your dissent message of September 24 1974 on the proposed sale of a DC-8 to Gabon ' Mr Willard A DePree of the Policy Plannihg Staff SIP has been named cO ordinator in charge of substantive response to this dissent message In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your memorandum has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Secretary I s Open Forum panel Additional copies Ylill be sent to the Assistant Secretaries for African Affairs and for Economic and Business Affairs As you lere informed by Hr S iers of my office the ori ginal draft of your dissent message las attached to the AF memorandum · hen it lent to the Secretary Your request that your message be distrubuted outside the Department of State is being 'revie ea by the coordinator '-'ith the concerned bureaus per 'our request to lIr St-lie s your revised final two pages were substituted in your dissent message and the originals returned herewith ' CONFIDEUTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473592 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476122 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN ' PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 'October 13 19B1 COiiFIDElN'i'IAL DISSENT CHANNEL 86 American Embassy San Jose Costa Rica Dear Mr Porter We have received your Dissent Channel message of September 8 San Jose 5·764 I studied it carefu'lly and brought it· to the attention of the senior concerned officers of the Department I appreciate the thought that you have given to this matter and the initiative that you have taken in drawing attention to the difficult economic situation of Costa Rica and some of its possible effects y'our conclusion that the current level of external assistance is not an adequate safety net for Costa Rica is incontestable We' also agree -- while we must pursue ways to increase economic assistance to Costa Rica -- that we should consider the pospibility that even increased levels of economic assistance may not suffice to preven a severe deterioration in the Costa Rican economy However we do not believe that economic hardship will ' necessarily lead to a failure of democracy in Costa Rica or that a take-over by either left or right is inevitable There are· other political factors at work in Costa Rica and even to appear to give up on centrist alternatives to the present goveI'-nment especially before the elections could undermine the best hope that Costa Rica has Nonetheless we do need to' consider a full range of contingencies and options including the one that you have set forth in general terms We would welcome specific scen rios and related policy recommendations that you and your colleagues in the Embassy believe would be useful for the formulation of mid and longer term U S policy towards Costa Rica Thank you again for your constructive use of the Dissent Channel Sincerely you s 01£0 Direct - 't UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476122 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 LEASE IN p _ _ __ '- United States Department of State Washingwn D C 20520 91 5 1 ' eelft'IDF 86 Offi · Stat Den' Dear - 1_ _ 86 _- - ar on the Ig-time in inswer to SF We sent your message to AF Ea PM T P 'and AID AFR for comments As you are doubtless'aware the decision to release the ESF was made virtually as your message was r-eceived so 'that your primary request -- that we not proceed -- was quickly OVertaken by events Hence the comments we received from ES AF PM and AID deal with whether the decision to release the funas was justi'fied In reading the comments there was SOme disagreement on the facts but the main differences were those of ·judgement The Embassy and AID's judgement were a that sufficient progress had been made by the Kenyans to meet the CP's and b that release of the ESF was the 'bese way t'o eep the reform momentum going According to AID's officerS-who responded- to'your memo AID conditions precedent to disbursement of the program grant were very precise AID asked for the following e idence that the GOK had simplified export documentation and licensing procedures since December 30 1982 evidence that Import Schedule I had been Subdivided to establish high priority items for which unlimited foreign exchang'e is freely available evidence that agricultural imports especially' fertilizer will receive a specified amount of foreign exchange and that a Fert-ilizer Advisory Committee be es'tabli hed These CPs were clearly met Other conditions i e from IMF and World Bank loans were· included only after President Moi refused to accept general reference to those loans in the AID document Only two Bank conditions have given us serious difficulty i e those eOI p' 19EM'fI1tL M'fAeHf1EN'f -ruNCLASSIFIED WITHOUT ATTACHMENT ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 _- ---- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 2 - regardin9 - grain marketing and a public investment plan Regarding the former the GOK has agreed to accept the results of a consultant's study due to be released shortly and has also agreed to accept Bank assistance to p'repare the latt r Both arrangements are acceptable to the Bank It was on this basis that AID' and the Embassy recommended proceeding with disbursem'ent·· of the ESF tranche On a broader front your message as EB amd PM pointed out underlines the ambivalence of our ESF program Titled economic support fund it logically should be conditioned on the existence of effective economic policies by recipients but since it is 'directed to nations which are politically important to the U S the existence of this political relationship undermines our willingness to apply condi ions Hence the Fund can end up underwriting poor pOlicie's and poor performance -- exactly the opposite of its purpose There are no easy answers to this dilemma which tends to grow with the size of individua1 ESF programs In Kenya for instance AID feels that while a strong case' could be made to provide sizeable ESF solely on political military grounds a conscious decision had been made to use these funds to encourage economic policy reform and this e fort though not without problems is praiseworthy and has been increasingly successfUl parado ically Regardless of the merits of the Kenya example the issue you raise regarding conditioning our economic assis ance on performance is a serious one which requires continued attention My own feeling is that we are giving more attention to policy questions and doing better at using assistance to promote policy reform'than we were a few years ago but there is no doubt that further improvement' can be made Sincerely I f P l ' Stephen Bosworth Director Policy Planning Staff UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 Draft s p TA S 8 3 83 2i724 W-0025X Clearances AF EPS PLande AID AFR SChe·rnenkoff trlhl - EB IFD DFF ROWoody rm fS P JReinertson ' ' - I - - SICCJI5 I •• c UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476751 Date 01 11 2018 'I I' co 641 703 4 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 'Doc No C06417034Dat 10 11 2017 - DEPARTMENT OF STATE BRIEFING MEMORANDUM s s IRELEASE IN FULL August 12 1977 1 I CONFIDENTIAL I TO The Acting Secretary FROM SilL - Dale E Good SUBJECT IO's Memorandum Entitled The Effect of Possible Withdrawal Froci the ILO Relative to positions of Conu-nunist and Democratic Labor unions in v estern Europe II In my view the additional points made by government officials from w stern Europe to Bill Maynes on this subject are not considered by these officials the selves as serious arguments for the following reasons ' • 1 The policies and practices of West European governments indicate that these governme 1ts do not believ that communist influence in the labor field is the grave matter they vould' suggest These governm nts encourage East- 'lest labor e changes Governments of countries with sizeap1e communist-controlled labor movements nominate communist labor representatives to participate in ILO meetings West European governments also support the concept of using the ILO as an umbrella organization for holding East-West European labor conferences hoping that corn TTIunist labor movements will somehOW be influenced for the better • t ' •1 i 2 As our European friends a e av are I U s S • R policy in the entire post-war period has been to achieve unity of the international labor movement and make it an'instrQ entality to serve soviet foreign policy·interests Soviet strategy is to utilize organizations such as the IL9 to galn additional access to western labor movements in pursuit of this·larger objective The I1bitter competition bet veen democratic and communist labor organizations aS it is characterized by the Europeans is taking place primarily V i' certain countries vhere the issue will be decided not the ILO ' CONFIDENTIAL GDS I A ' ' - ' ' - -- ' - ' - - -0 - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department oLState Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417034 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 034 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-97743 Doc Nl C06417034 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL ' '-2 3 The legitimacy of a labor organization depends upon 'whether it is an independent lilovement free from domination by government or polftical parties The ILO cannot legitimize any labor movement which is not genuine but can point out government la and practice Vlhich prevents the development of free labor organizations ' ' '1 ' I venture to suggest that European government representatives in making these arguments are doing so more out of a belief that they will fallon receptive ears than because of a conviction of their correctnes s Since the valid ty of the argumentation is suspect I question hether these points should be brought to the attention Qf the Secretary let alone'the President cc P - Mr Habib Drafted·by S IL DEGood fl ext 23662 CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 po_c_No CO 6417034 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445639 Date 12 11 2017 OPEN FORUM FILE DEPARTMENT Of STATE Washington D C 20520 SECRB9 1 J j MEMORANDUM 1 TO FROM Sip - Reginald Bartholomew Acting I ' SUBJECT Your Dissent Message of September 15 Regarding the Sale of a DC-8 to Gabon The purpose of this'memorandum is to report to you what actions were taken by Sip in response to your dissent message of September 15 With Respect to the Secretary - On September 16 Mr Swiers notified Mr Gompert of the Secretary's staff that Sip had received your draft dissent message and requested that if as you 'expected AF recommended approval of the issuance of an export license for the sale of a DC-8 to Gabon he bring your draft dissent message to the Secretary's attention before the Secretary acted on the recommendation - On September 19 after receiving AF'S Action Memo of September 16 Under Secretary Sisco's office attached and forwarded to the Secretary Mr Djerejian's copy of your dissent message We understand that the Secretary read your dissent message before making his decision - Although the Secretary had already acted on AF's memo before we received the final versior of your dissent message we nonetheless forwarded it to the Secretary's office This final ' version was returned to us on October 16 with the note that The Secretary has seen the attached dissent memo SECRET j J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445639 Date 12 11 2017 ' 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445895 Date 12 11 2017 i-- -'- -- - • t - ' -_ - - _ - _ - _ - - -' ' _ - _ - - _ - RELEASE IN PART 86 I RfBB5S PAGE 01 MEXICO 0 753 3 331l 009274 F 'i r PU OSEC i l E dGt E u tr R F O t ' 'r' ' 115 2 _ t US S-MEXICO - I_ _ _ _ _ _- ' ' • t TAGS CPAS SUBJeCT 86 5A E PASSPORTS FOP A - EMP OYEES USG 1 YSI 1r RECE · ' ' ESSA5E O · 1j sC I ' Ano r AVE ME COURAGE 'TO SUS'i T THIS P -j Q1L L T 1AT SUTE SS'' E OXPLOMI TIC PASSPDRTS TO ALL S$ Cy s AB CAO R THER T 4N O TO A FEW MA NL AN USI_ ESENT IN STATE POLICIES hAV THE EFP CT DF DIS· CRI INATI G AS 8T OTHER A E'C 5 D A$AI ST O R-PAIO PLnYE S OF TATE A O USIA ES fCIALLY SECRETARIAL ND COM· HUN C'T O S PE SO NEL WHO 1 c OPO S' 5 Se1NG SE T TrlR·TOO GHE OO'fSE TME 0 I j EC AUS T i fi-' A$SY DID i aT n pp OR OF MINORITY A E QUENTLY OMEN SSEN1 i S - MESSAGE Ii HANNEL' J S· MJ OFFICIAL ' ' 3 I '- A Y CO T H $ P R jAPS A iAJORITV THE CHIEF tH NEF%TS 4CC GING F O RS IP_DF A LO TlC P SSPDRT ARE OF A F'f S AL TIJ C H T ER T A OFrICHL···T E A lOlOA NCE OF CERT I LOCAL T X S TME I HT TO RECEIVE DUTY-FREE S IP · l·lF TS TtlH UG iOiJ ' iS TNIR TM L lI Pl AV OF' D PLOt ATIC T GS eN A VEHICL A O T PRIVILEVE OF SE LING A AUTO t40SIL E 4 IN THE YEA 1975 HE SO YA Y IJNCt AS5IFIf ' OTHER I EQUITIeS ANO _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - - - -- - - ___- - _ _ _ _ _ _ - __ -r- --- -- --- •• - - __ '_' 7' · _ ' 'IC ' r • • - - --- --- - -- - l a • i l ' - ' - - ' fi ' 4 - -- ' J - - yc - f - - -- -' '- ' ' - -- ' - r- - ' - O - '- V f'' ' '' 7 t l - ·- ·-- ·- i f - - _'l T T 'C - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445895 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445895 Date 12 11 2017 ' - - _ - - _ _ - - - -1i • 5 T ANK YOU FO YOUR ATTE TION JOVA I ' ---- i • 1 I I --- I - --1 1 j E ·1 1 1 - j I1 l cz 0 ' '1 • - 1 1 1 s t CI j - f • ' ' - -' ' - ••• - • _ ••• _ 0 ' '- ''''- '' '- - - - - • - - I - ' ' c sSlFiED ' '-D' ' ' t f St t c' ' N 'F o1-6 b7743 ' D CNo c564 5895-Date 1 1i 26fr' I - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446329 Date 12 11 2017 # _ - - _ _ _ - r'--_ ' - - _ _ _ 4 IRELEASE IN FULLI SAMU'IjIL P SANTIAGO 6P2 ·-1 'L'if NIT F ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE OFFlr IAL us 01 SANTIA 6Q2 0 220 Z A TIO l RA-15 IN O OCT-71 ISO- e HA -e SSO-I Nscr- ' I 'A 'E'-eZ CIAE-0 DODR-0 PM-0 H-01 IN -l J L- z l'iSAE-r Ol t rTFn PA E P -01 S IL-01 o 55-15 SP- 071 92121Z SRP 8 I E-00 CO -e0 E s-ee LA -e4 101 ------------------039212 0E222 2 66 FM A M ASSY SANTIAGO TO SFCSTATE NASHDC IMMFD T 445 LIMJTE OYFICIAL US SANTIAr O 6c 27 P O 116 fIJI TAGS ELAE FTDR SFUM SU J - PI T cr CHUOU CAt1ATA 1'-10P E DRTENTIONS AS JEGO'I'ATIONS FFSU 1I ' DF SA TIAr O A7e4 1 SU MAP TUE UMPER O P -RSO S D TAI Er FOR ALLEGED SUP·VEPSI VB ACT IV IT HS IN r tAAMA ANI' CP UOUICAtl A'I'A IS O N 4S v A PEAR TO '9£ CHP ISTIA DFCOt1CP ATS PDCj UT T iF MAPl ST PPRTIIS aRt AtSO PRFSrNTrD THI MINISTER OF INT IOR SFPTFMBYR FTPiPTID rFAEr IS TSAT THE POLITICAL PAoTIlS APE EE I D TeESE A D OTH3i R CENT DISTRU A CFS C PFR · O r -FR LFADERS R LD A FI itST F i POF'IFl'LY NOT FNCOURA I PETJ WITE COr LCO MftNAGE T S PTEMPtR S ON OUTSTA DING rO O IC ISSUES FINANCr I ISTiR Dr r A TR PLAYED DOWNTgE 1I FLIHOOD OF SIGNIFICANT FCO OMIC GAl S AT PQFSS CO 1' E Cr SFPTEMEER 7 AS'APPARENT CO CI1IATORI GFSTU vS eOD Lro IS MAKING LOANS TO SOM OR S A r WItt M E DVANCJ PIYM T OF'PART OF TH AN AL ONUS lNr SU MARY T N OF THE 13 P RRONS AR ESTED AUGUST 31 REMAIN IN r T TION SYCURJTY FORces I C4LA A A D CHUOUICA AT' 1IMITFD OFFICIAL USF LJMITFD OFFICIAL USE A E eo SA TJA e p 0e 2 77 ARPfSTFt A AnDITIONA 2 PF SONS S PTE rR 7 A t 17 nF PIPSO S SFPTF R 7 E -- ft I n A CURRi T TOTAL I CU Tor O'ljl 49 THOSE A R STFr TN THE LAST FEW DAYS APPEAR TO INCLUDE A UMPFR WHO APE NOT EMPLOYEES OF CODELCO AND TO Tel YXTF T PARTY ITIENTIrICATION IS lVIDFNT APPiA TO A IYTUP F or CHRISTIAN r orRATS COMr UNISTS AND SOCIALISTS ONE 01 ' TPOSE r FTAJ ED IS CESARIO CASTILLO -A DC GOV P OP D ING THF FR I PFEIOD THOSP AEPFSTFD A 'CCUSEP OF nM NTT G IA OR U REST A D nISTRIFUTI G SU VFPSIVF PA PP LETS TRYPI HAS E N NO INDICATION AS YPT W9AT L GAL ACTION IF ANY THE 30C INTENDS 3 INTFP IOR I ISTvR rrR A DFZ AT A PRESS CONFER Cr SFPTEMBPP 7 RFPEP Fr Goe rHAp G S TPAT THE LABOF UNP tST 7 CNtOUICAMATA A D LSFWP RE IS EEING DIRErTEI' P TeE POLITICAL PAP T ¥S rFR ANr EZ DIP F CTED HIS FIEF PF IMflRILY AT T f'P PDC AND THE COf'If-C'lNrSTS AND F1E1ERREr' PRINCIPALLY TO TP · SITUATrO I T CHU UICAMATP COPP R itJORKF RS AT THE LIMITED orFICI L USE I PAGE 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446329 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446329 Date 12 11 2017 SAMUf L H 7P SANTIAGO fi c 27 r E1f A E LI TTED OFFICIAL USE SALVADOR INE HAVE ALSO EEr CAP-HYING OUT A NO-LUNrH PPOTEST UT HAVE RFCEI9ED NO PRESS ATTENTION AND T FR HAS BIEN Nn Goe CEAC DOWN AS YET DURING THE PAS THREE 'DAYS A POPTED O E-TH Rn or T E tAPOR FORCE AT THE HU CHIPATO STEFL ILL H S ALSO CO DUCTID A NO-LUNCH PROTEST COPP R JORV ERS LEAli RS A F ACK IN SANTIAGO TO R SUMY NFGOTIAT ONS ON TijF ErO OMIC ISSUES TBAT SPAFKID THE PROTEST MOJEK 'T AT eRUOUICAMATA WI HAVE BEEN TDDt OMF OF TPE L DERS TEAT TftFY HAr GREAT PIFFICUtTY PI HNG DO'II TRF CODF 1CO MANAGEMENT TO A MEFTING- TIM UT DI JTNALL MEET WITH CODELCO PRESIDENT URBI A TPF r'10F N I' G OF S FPT P'MBFP e TEF LA lOP LEADf P SOUFCr SAYS T3AT THE MEETING DID NOT GO WILL AND THAT UREna TOO A MARrLI E O POSSI rF ErONOMIC CONCESSIONS IT LIMITED OFFIrIAL USE lIM TEP Or TCJ L USE PAGF SA TIA 0 7 08 207Z HAS PFEN G NF LLY UNDFFSTOOD HFRE THAT VAGE I CREASiS DIP T UPO aR FM NT P1 FI ANr INISTER DE CASTRO J' PR SS Co rp F ICF SFPTFMUR 7· CASTFO APGUED THAT CO PP R ttJO l1 l F RS ARE ALRBAPv AMO I THE BES' ' PAID CFILEAN WO ERS AND THAT THE COPPER MINES AN THF IF PROFITS FLONG TO ALL C3ILFANS Nor SIMPLY TO HE 'ORI S 5 APPA F TLY I AN rrFOF T TO PEDUCE LAEOR PRYSSURE AT CHuourCAMATA cOnEtCO HAS rN RECENT DAYS AGRFED TO ArVANC ALL WOR RS 5 70 0 PESOS' OF THEIR ANNUAL EONUS AND TO PPOVIDF LOANS TO WOPlFFS WHO RI PFHIND IN TEElE PA M AITS 0 GOH' l 'JME T BUILT HOUSIII G TFE SIX IOP KERS Y FD I LA1''F AUGUST JAVE I FN ORw ULY RnNS'l'A'f·F D B CO MrNT -' 'HE Gnv rRNMF I'l' IS P tOP ABLY COFRFCT TEA' T'EE CFRISTI N D OCp ATrc COMMUNIST P ND PFREAPS OTH ER PPOPCRI rD POLITICAL PARTIES ARE aCTIVE I THE CRUQUICAMAiA rISPUTE IT I OT CORFECT I ASCRIFIH LAFOR U REST H£P INTI FLv OP F V N PRT RtLY TO SUCR POLliIC l INVOLVFMI T TDr APPARFN UN I1tINGN SS OJ TFE GOC TO T R I TO S ' IOUS ECONOMIC DISCUSSIONS WITH 1AEOR LYADF S IS OT A Gnon SIr OF AN EARLY PE CfYU1 F D TO TH PRESENT DIPFrCU TIF'S L M JP 4 l' LI ITED OF TCIAL US PAG •• I L - WI oIIIF' ______ __ ____ _ _ _ •• __ ' -- 2 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446329 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472126 Date 01 11 2018 TEGUCI 02313 '101· 6 ACnON SS-14 iNFO QCr-01 Ri 012205Z JUL 72 FH AMEMBASSY TEGUCIGALPA TO' SEcsTAr E wAsHD 2is3 ·UNCLA6 TEGUciGALPA 0231 ' OII SE'NT ·CHANNEt 1 CIOR R E C TED C 0 P I' nus CABLE L -_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ FOR 'GARB ED PORTIONS PARA 2 AND 3 TRANSMITS A DISSENTrNG VIEW SU8MiTTED BY ' GENE AL· s RVrcEs OFFICER _ v 2 ·OUR POL'ICY' OF NON-INT ERV£NTlON IN BURUNDI DURING MASSIVE HURD RING OF HUTU T IBESMEN COULD 'BE' A REPEAT OF REVENT EVENTS iN BANGLADESH- WE ·StEM TO BE WAITING UNTIL REPORTED SELECTIVE GENOCIDE HAS RESULi D TN THE EL1MIN TION OF ANY DISSIDENT HUTU t EEADERS SUCH DISPLAY OF TUTSI POWER MAY INOEED RESULT IN SUaSEQUENT'TFMNCUIL lTY IN BURUNOI 'BUT IT WOULD SEEM' FOOL SH TO DISPEL T t FuTURe· DEVELOPMtNT OF THE HU U MA ORiTYQ 3 IF IT IS TRUE THAT WE 00 NOT HAVE lEVERAG IN B RUNDJ A D wE CANNOT ALTER tAE S TU TION 'tHEN I SHOULO HOPE OUR POLICY WOULD FOLLOW THAT OF'VARIOUS JNTERNATJONAV HUMANITARIAN AGENCIES J WHIC SUSPENOED AS51stANCE stNC WE HAVE NO AID PROGRAM OTE TJAL' ELjMINATION OF FUTUR AID RATHER TH N USPEN510N MAY ROV DE THE LEVE AGE or ASTER 'RELiEF rs OF DUPIOU VALUE TO' THE' HUTVS AND WILL PROBABLY BE MORE BENEFICIAL TO 'THE 'CONu TROLLI NG TUTs·r GOVERNMENT TF' 'THE AMER I CAN PEOPLE WERE TO 'VOTE ON THE ISSUE OF SUPPORTiNG THE BURUNDI GOVERNMENT DURING THIS CRISIS THEY MAY wELL PREFER BREACH OF DIPLOMATIC REt ATIONS TO AUG ENT TION OF OISASTER· RELIEF · J RY1IN I ORM G - DS lsaa _ •• _ OM UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472126 Date 01 11 2018 B6 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474149 Date 01 11 2018 DISSENT ACTION FORM Message Type Memorandum SECRET Date July 4 1974 Number ------------------------------ Drafted by L-______ -- ------------ 86 Office or AF c _ Post -------------------- -----------------------------------------------------Sip Action Qate Received _J u l y 5 l 9 7 4 __________ Act on Officer I lA- 1 r 1 J Initial Distribution ' ' ' -------- ---- Acknowledgment Sent Date Ffne· 7 7 ' A fv rl f '1Y e-- ---------------------------- Number of Message' ------------- Further Action Final Disposition Final Report Sent to Drafter ' Date Number of Message ------------- OFP Action Action J 1 ----- --_ ___ __ _- -- -_---- - -_ __--_ _7'_ ___ _ _ _ - - - -- ---- - -- --- __ _ i I I t 'jst r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474149 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 I fA DEPARTMENT OF STATE Wn shln ton D C 20520 MEl10RA nUN RELEASE IN PART B6 lAi e J J 1 I r 1- - • ftIt I June 22 1972 01 TO M DG Ambassador Hall FROM S PC - Arthur Hartman Acting SUBJECT Dissent Case' -- Policy Toward Offic'ers Who Have Recently Married Aliens Dire to ' S PC in cooperation with the administrative area of the Depar tment has recently responded to a dissrmt message from Guatemala City concerning the tran'3fer of a FSSO to Hashington for the purpose of Americanizatiod T of his wife At the time of our negctive response I had some qualms myself a bout whether or Dt we shouldn't look more deeply both into this specific case and our general policy -_--- I -'jhave no '1 received the a ttached letter from and it eads me to be1ieve that a mor2 detailed examination should proceed I understand that Ambassador Bowdler will also be raising this que stion L--- ---ll supervisor Would it be possible for you to ask the Office of Personnel to have another look at this specific case anl also at the same time set up a small panel to examine the basic policy implicit in 3 FAM 6297 At least one reason which occurs to me for such a re-examination is the fFct that the Department has recently completed and p t'omulgated an imaginative and new look at the role of s ouses in the Foreign Service I think we might a Iso examine whether or not if the policy is wise for FSOs it ought to be applied to other categories of employees as well j ttachment Letter of June 13 fro'm ba3Sy Gua temala ·' Cs M - Mr Macomber s pe - Mr Cargo' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 B6 UNCLASSIFIED L Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 -' EMBASSY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA June 13 1912 Director Planning and Coordination Roon 7246 Department of State RELEASE IN PART BSj Dear 'Sir You 'have 'recently'been involved in a decision concern ing ccployees who hav e arrierl oreign nationals The particular case I aa concerned with i wolves al ' I lo n--Q-Y---- staff here in O ateQala Your reply State 103836 to a dissent cable sent byl Iwas received by the subject e ployee and yself with considerable disappoint ent I a t theref0 re writin you this infort18 1 ljttpr at ' own inititative and wi thout the knowledge of _ Jsince there rel la ins in my own mind the question of whether the Departrf ent has addre'ssed itself fullv to the point of dissent or i inally expressed YI in his cable 86 86 I I first wish to say that bot land myself fUlly support the Depart ent's efforts to uph ld uniforn applicability of 3FA j629 md in no way expect an ejcention in the application of this policy as it affects _ I We do ho vevcr expect the Departuent to apply it's policy to only those persons which should be affected by 3FAM629 And this see us to be our point of difference The Departt' ent appears to be interpreting 3F H629 1-lb to read that an euployce assigned abroad who arries an alien qill be transferred as quickly as feasible to the U S However this sentence continues to read in order to provicle the spouse an opportunity to becone better acquaintEld qith life in the U S and to acquire citizlZ nshi p Now the wording of this sentence as it appears in 3FJJ1629 is obviously intended to benefit the spouse and is not intended to pen lize the el'3 ployee for na rrying a foreign national And in ost instances this will be the case since ost alien spouses are not naturalfzed in such a brief tine span as wasl land therefore would nor ally expect to return to the U S to accqnplish this naturalization process As you know however 1 I is a naturalized citizen and Nell acquainted with the U S as pointed out ire I Icable to you Additionally Ar lbnssaaor Bowdler has nade a personal appeal while on cons lltation in the Department as Hell as having written a 'letter in which he UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 86 86 86 86 UNCLASSIFIED U Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 --- expressed his view thatl does not need el' 'icaniz tion The Deputy Chi1 f of 1ission was not even m-lare that - - - - - - - ---- c-- --Jlwas a naturalize 'citizen until this atter was br0u ht to his attention recently The Mission in general has also expreGsed it's opinion in an official cable that does not need leric nization It therefore seec s to I e that the A' bassador the DQ1 and other officials of this Hission who have Horked or known I or nearly two years are in a better position to deter ine whethe I requires Ar ericaniz ltion that the Departnent who LS not at all acquainted withl I I I In closing I would like to ask you ance again to take a very close look at the o Tording of 3FAH629 to be certain that the Departcent-is absolutely satisfied with it's interpretation of the alien policy as it applies tol I While I recognize your belief that a regular Departuental assign ent is the best ethod of exposing a foreign-born spouse to the U S it of course is not the only tlethod of exposure that can be affective I thank you for your tine and patience in discussing this ttatter I THould sincerely appreciate m early t'cply and hopefully a recor sicieration of your N i lier decision to assignl Ito Washinuton in the pouch 1'00 1 B6 B6 B6 B6 B6 Sincerely yours B6 Guatcnala City UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980040 Date 07 31 2017 II mll - lJ 17 U ' r UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980051 Date 07 31 2017 '_ _ -zJ ' j I J ' ' I 1 '_t ' r-FE EUA ' A-81 P Ii L GR Alb FBO f r£ COM RS INFO • OTTAWA SUBJECT AIR ' OF'1 C IAL U SE --_ __ 5014 ' Dissent Message U S Government ReSponsibility for My Lai • •' XMS 0 · ' · YL· '·' FROM - - - -t TR AJJA _ j ' HANDLING INDICATOR Department of t t e ' 'J ' • L1Jv1J TED TO 10 I· ' U J 10 • N CU 'EA • •• f O f • 3 JI f l r REF M _ ' I 1 ' ' I St a te ·A-3559 April 8 972 ' RELEASE IN FULL _ ii - o - - _ _ RMV••rC' A -N VV ' l ' - r -t - - - - --t r DISSENT CHWNEL 0 -f'l' USI' This airgram transmits a dissenting vieW sUbmitted by w -2 Alexander J le Peaslee Principal Of ricer at th s post ' 1 note that procedures for retirement from the Foreign Service no longer require the re'tiring E'SO to submit a letter to the Secretary of ' tate outlining reasons for departure from the service This appears to be an unfortunate step in the direction of a further reduction of communications between nf ficers and the Secretary I believe 1t would be useful ·if means were retained for retiring officers to present the reasons for their action opeful1y so that the Service may profit from their comments - tr J U a E 0 Q IlL I -In the absence of suoh a channel or' cio mmunication the ciissent channel is used to express·this·officer's unwillingness to be further associated with the actions o r the executtve branch' of a p overnment that in i tiated no steps to discipline a military unit that took action at My Lai similar 'to that perpetrated by the Nazi s 'at Lidioe The steps that were taken were initiated outside of the executive branch of the Unit d %ates 'lOvernment d only t hen did the Army reluctAntly move 0 0 N --1 d -l L L C - In addition there has been much testimony b y Vietnam combat veterans of the eye-witnes8 accounts of the systematic use of' e ectrical torture beatin s and in some 'cases murcter of men women and children by their military units in Vietnam ' II U the Nurembur and Tokyo war' crimes trials the prinCiple was established by the United states Government that military and public ffici ls were responsible for war crimes committed by troops under LIMTTEtt O'fM i'ICr ftL USE FORM · 2 Ilralted by 1 cr ran 5 LP e s FOR DEPT USE ON Y Din DS 323 oDtent 1e i1 1 p - IIIP V -J aDeI IU lcayorll pptoved by I I LPeaslee In I V- V • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980051 Date 07 31 2017 DO t J UN LASSI E S partm f St t a o F-2016-07I NO J tZ J ot051 D 07 3 17 l ' ' i t r ' - ' ' ' ' ' r I l 'I 1 1 '1 ' ' --· '1' thei • 6 ' own 'commMd' ' f Ir J •• II' ' j • •• H ai · ' · · of·t-e ' i ' ' ''' ' C ' • ' r5 '''' '' ' v ___ _ _- ' _ J __ 1 t ff - C 1 ' t'lCI 4 L USE · l __ f _t - __ __ 2 _ __ __ _ _l '_ _ Do we 'practice' this 'ourselves ' I · 'I' ' k It j f ' ' ' A i i _ ' _ _ - LTY-T'rED I j v¥ l r 1 ' ' ' ' _ _ _ _ J 'vi virtly rec9 11 ··the rp rnarks mari ' duri 1fh i Ws about how all German o rjcia ls ' 8hould _ t have protested and ref r p pcpi r te with a government that permitted Lidice d similar actions to happen One ot my reasons for r 1n at the age of 50 atter 2 ye l l f r o v service is that I do not want to be associated th the actions ot 'exe6utive branch that takes no e f fective steps ar ainst 'atrocities too siDiilar 'to those ot the Nazis I do ' noi ' cmt to b ' ' ' Ic ay With tortH 1H Wheth 8' q o e by a comrmmist or fascist O'VI'H'liT1'lent ' or the executive branch or the Un1ted· · an ••••• ' ' - • I' ' I ' ' stat gp v rnmeni · J paT ti ularlY do· 9 t - ¥ ¥ ·h tp e ' 1jl df tl1 a '1 overhment that initiates no - action when abies a deliberately killed ' '' s S· ' 197 - c 14-3559 states drafters mar' indicate the distribution they desire I desire ' '''- - t hat·· th is airp ram be distt'i uted to ··each reign Service Of f lcer My obvious ' purpose 'is' to ·help· 9 te atmosphere' in wl 1ich the executive branch of the ' Un 1 ted at es 'lOvernment will not permit i ts units to murder and torture-VJ f 7oreip n Sem c anr i · ef ··U n- ·of fi m 9 disg l d ho'rror at such 9 c t0rl S s M1·I tn hope pr ¥ ure can be developed to prev rt n o an ev t t 1' ' x I' t ·· · ·· 1 -' 6'-' ··· i· i ' N0TE Decla ss -fy f ' ' 1' - ' ' C 'r ' ' t r ''' 1 ' t _ ' ' pF SLm •• ''' J ''' '- 'r J '•• I • • t 't9 ssified - ' ' i ' ' w u11' j ' t t • I I •• ' I ' - 'I _ ' ··i·l· · · · ' - -i · o 'fA st 1 L ' ' ' ' - 't ' 'LI1 ' - YO i i ' ' ' -'t - ' ' ' ' ' f' ' 'r r ' r 4 I I 'r• · l·r ' ' i'· · ' • ' 4' _ __ _ __ _ _ a __ ' '- - - - _ ' ' j ' ' 'I I ' ' ' r - C ' r ' ' 1 t ' ' ' ' ' - ' U ' _ # f 4 ' l - · ' • • r 3_ ' r ii' • ' r ' r ' ' c r - ' - r o ' - '2 ' - ' ' J l j'· ' I ' ' ' • J ••• • - - - LooTED OFG'JCIAL nSE _ _ _ _ _ ' y I t ' r ' g - _ ••1 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980051 Date 07 31 2017 0' u _· 4 _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980101 Date 09 12 2017 DEPUTY UNDER SECRETARY OF STATE FOR MANAGEMENT WASHINGTON RELEASE IN PART Bsl September 26 1974 HEMORANDUM TO sip FROM M - Dona P Bouchard SUBJECT bisse Channel Mr DePree Letter from I 1 - 1_ _ _ _ -1 B6 _ I After carefully revie 'ling letter this office believes that the current gu dance to the field A-I0315 attached regarding Congressional travel is adequate In our oP ion SijUations such as those described inl letter can best be dealt with at post e occas onal unethical request from an unscrupulous traveler can usually be handled in good conscience by a resourceful and moral Foreign Service employee To raise the question of unethical behavior on the pa t of CODELS in general guidelines to posts abroad would imply that such requests are cornmon and could be a source of embarrasment to the Department B6 B6 Seeking Department guidanc on a b1m l-h17-hl Qt l basis as suggested in the last paragraph of B6 letter would only lead to confusion and misunderstanding It also suggests th at the Department can approve illegal dealings which is of course untrue Principal Officers abroad should have the ability and integrity to deal with issues such'as those raised in j I letter 'lithout step-by-step direction B6 from Washington 1 - 1_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Incidentally I understand H is working on an update o·f A-I0315 Attachment Airgram No 10315 UNCLASSIFIED U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980101 Date 09 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445709 Date 12 11 2017 -to I • 't ' • SECRET RELEASE IN PART 861 EA LC JDROSENTHA R 7 1 75 X23132 S P SWLEWIS '1 E'A - MR MIL LER SIP - DPIKE ' • EA - MR HABIB S P-OFP - RFSMITH SIP DISTRIBUTION ONLY • IMMEDIATE' IMMEDIATE ' ' r ' ' •• ' -s 't - BANGKOK VIENTIANE • - f '''1 __I ---I DISSENT CHANNEL·' ' ' f - _ SWL • - JDR '5 Z 1 ' RM ·C r1 Ii PH Vf Dpn ' V l - - 9 - £c - - REFS FOR L _ t __ r u- A ' BANGKOK 10830 B _ - - -_ _ S -- J ' '0 t • pjf • - • 1 YOUR RE OMMENDATIONS REF A REGARDING NEGOTIATIONS FOR US AID WITHDRAWAL FROM LAOS ARE APPRECIATED BUT AS YOU KNOW HAVE BEEN OVERTAKEN BY EVENTS J l 2 THE ATTITUDE AND 'ACTIONS' OF THE PGNU PREVENTED SERIOUS _ ·x NEGOTIATIONS OF ANY KIND BY ANY US REPRESENTATIVES· ON THIS • SUBJECT AND RESULTED IN OUR UNILATERAL TERMINATION OF USAID MISSION AND RELINQUISHMENT OF AID PROPERTY JUNE 26 ' ' 'f •' WITHOUT AGREEMENT THIS ATTITUDE BECAME INCREASINGL Y '- EVIDENT SOON AFTER THE MAY 27 AGREEMENT AND THERE IS NO ' INDICATION THAT A DIFFERENT NEGOTIATING TEAM AS YOU ' ' ' t· SUGGESTED WOULD HAVE ALTERED THE OUTCOME AS IT WAS WE ' BELIEVE' OUR OffICIALS IN VIENTIANE PERFORMED VERY WE-LL ' ' '' Jl ·r'_ UNDER THESE DIFFICULT CIRCUMSTANCES AND FULLY AND ' J'''''4''''-' 'EFFECTIVELY REPRESENTED THE USG POSITION AND· CARRIED OUT '4 - 1 # 1IU -1 US POLICY ON' THII MATTER ' -- ' _ - # ' J ·t 'w · t W I ' r 3 I ' ' _ ' ' ' ' ' '''' ' '' '''''' ''' ' _- '' ''-' ' ' - • •• • • 1 YOUR RECOMMENDATIONS ARE NEVERTHELESS WELL-TAKEN AND •• I ' SECRET 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445709 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445709 Date 12 11 2017 -- fORM DS 322A OCR SECRET 2 0 ' - WERE GIVEN fULL CONSIDERATION BY APPROPRIATE AUTHORITIES HERE ONCE AGAIN WE COMMEND YOUR USE Of THE DISSENT CHANNEL YY I ' - ·t ' ' -' -' L ' J - r ' • ' - ' •J SECRET c·---- - ----- --·-- ---' ' - - ------ - -- - - - - - - --- -' ' t UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445709 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445823 Date 12 11 2017 I LEASE IN PAR I _ J f ' J DEPARTMENT OF STATEV Washl Kton D C 20520 October 22 1975 TO l ' 86 L - -_ _ _ _ _ _ FROM sIp - SUBJ'ECT Dissent Paper on Department's Policy on Terrorism Samuel Lewis This will acknowledge the receipt of your dissent paper on the Department's policies on terrorism Mr Harry Blaney of the Pdlicy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated distribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary th Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairperson of the Open' Forum PaneL t e commend your us of the dissent channel f t yd me and will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445823 Date 12 11 2017 1 I co 641689 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416896 Date 10 11 2017 I RELEASE IN PART 86 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SIP lACASEY EXT 29716 BDM 6-21-77 S P PHKREISBERG M MO - MR SKODA S P-OF NA80YER S P RJHARRINGTON SIP ONLY PRIORITY SANTIAGO DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 N A -'TAGS N A SUBJECT REf DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES A SANTIAGO 4523 Bi SANTIAG 4556 0 SANTIAGO 4623 FOR I 1 I POLICY PLANNING STAFF 86' lET AL FROM KREISBERG ACTING 1 I HAVE RECEIVED YOUR'DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES CONCERNING PARM PROCEDURES AND THE RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SANTIAGO'S OfFIC5R COMPLEMENT IN THE CULTURAL AFFAIRS SECTION 2 SINCE YOUR DISSENT DEALT WITH MANAGEMENT MATTERS COPIES 9 F REFT LS HAVE BEEN PROVIDED TO -i E StAFF DIRECi6R i THE Q I l f F9 ONITORING OVERSEAS DIREcr-fMPLOYMENT rio DEi -· ililHO WILL R'EP Y AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE - COPIES HAVE ALSO BEEN SENT TO ARA AND USIA TO ASSURE PROMPT ACTION ON FUTURE MESSAGES OF THIS NATURE PLE SE CAPTION MODE INSXEAD OF DISSENT IN THE SUBJECT LINE Of YOUR MESSAGE YY L LIMITED OFFICIAL USE J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416896 Date 10 11 2017 C0641695TIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416957 Date 10 11 2017 re 'f rf ti n • G t L rIl fj til l i t _ r l' r' f ii 1' g f r l' t It l ' 1 f J' • • ' ' If ii i ri l RELEASE IN PART 86 TAGS ' SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE i FORI I FROM B6 KRESIBERG-S P ACTING THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT QF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON'THE VISIT OF THE VICE RESIDENT NORMAL· tDIS ENT PROCEDURES STIPULATE THAT AN_SIP riEMBtR' Oo hINA1E ' A SUBSTANTIVE' REPLY TO DISSENT PAPERS GIVEN THE NATURE iAND TIMING'OF THE SUBJECT SIP EXPEDITED NokMAL EAiMtHT OF A DISSENT MESSAGE BY TAKING THE STEPS OUTLINED IN I TELCON FROM SIP MEMBER VOGELGESANG MAY 13 IN ADDITION I IT WAS DE IDED THAT 'S P DIRECTOR TONY LA E WOULD TALK 'DIRECTLY WITH YOU DURING HIS MADRID VIsiT FOR THE RECORD COPIES OF YOUR DISSENT WERE ALSO DISTRIBUTED TO tTHE OFfICES OF THE SECRETARY THE XECUTIVE SECRETARY i AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPE NFORUM AS WELL AS THE A - ASSISTANT SECRETARY AND THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY- ESIGNATE FOR E ROPEAN AFFAIRS AND THE OFFICE OF THE VICE PRESIDENT ·tYOUR TIMELY USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL IS COriMENDA Lt y 1 I t - - c t I '- • h __ •••• - - - £ DE Nl ·L l - I ' _0 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416957 Date 10 11 2017 't UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 - - ------- - - - - - - - - - - - - - 05---------··-----·--------------- -- ---------- - ·5 p ' 2- W W lval I 'lit 'Pf1I P A ' -'-' t --- - - Nr A· I t F ' AHA 10 I I -r U 0 I · AIO I I TO I' I -- - • I - c FII E OeSIGNATION _A-2J _----- NOTE Jiny fur thei''»htrlbut1 Sl OJ'tR'l' - - t Depa-r meIl't 01' Stu'Le - • ' I ·· t 86 Must be Cleared in S PC as AN 'n • C - 1 1'· TAFt FRO INT FROM AmEmbassy ADDIS TR ' e SUBJECT 050 REF - t' A 'I _ _ _ _ _ Occcn C liHd F' I _ tcANOLINC 'l IC TO'l I 1'·· FiI d v 'j ·- 0 i9inol 0 be f J ' - RELEASE IN PART ' DATE f Dissent Message F ebruary 71 1973 ' ' _1- '-oI u I _ - CI r DISSENT CHANNEL - -'- I · -1 - '1 EO DISTRIBUTION This·airgram transmits a dissent L'1g vlC' I submitted by lof the I Embassy Political Section We reque 1' tho'li this airgr '11 receive the sarne distribution as the messages it addresses see below - ' 1 J J ' d 86 19 ' eosT RI UTING Info 0 jAcli n J I The purpose of this message -is'to racol'd our dis greement with the analysis and reC07edatiOl'lS of Implications for U S Policy of the Somali J reat to Ethiopian 82 of 1 22 73 and A-I of Janua ry 2 b J 2'ZJ L Since n erpretation of recent developments J internal and external differs from the Country Team's assessments '1 1 find the options and reconnnendltions inappropriate to the situation and counterprod tive to U S interests VIe beHeve that there is an al ernative approach to the current situation Ini iol -- i I 1 I -M - l '-- 0' -' ' ' I • J - _ - t ClM '''1 II I i I I l ·· f'I_ °1 · Jofe J In l lll h 'O - '''ed by lC POL I ' Sl i9ffS1 P FORM 10- 64 OS ·323 '- I - '1 - lr I' -r ' -oronHI Contributor ECON LUpsont - While we are not in a position to assess tb military signif icance of the recent arms shipments to Somalia we consider that the Country Team's paper exaggerated the nSomali threat by not giving proper weight to the following factors the domestic interests and problems of the Ethiopian ruling elite the mutual re onsibility for the Ethio-Somali conflict the pr'esence 0 Djibouti in the equation the impact of Ethiopia s current relations with'Sudan and Kenya and the role of Israel I - I - l · - _ - ASSESSMENT - I r i rhOna No Fa I o r n s 1 1 c· O l'o n ' n' cAIn ond Clossificotion Appro •• d by U Oil y 00 '- DCM - Parker D Wynan 86 o·l2 m i' ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 Addis Ababa A-2J po 2 1 Internal Situation ' We believe that the Ethiopian ruling e3 it e ' p r cption of and l eaction to the Somali threat haG been ereatly int'1nsified by domestic stresses and risks to its future survival Thl EHlptu' or sOOth hil 'thday and contir uing uncertainty regarding a succeF sor J'cgilJl further heightened by the Crown Pr l1ce' s recent illness have i'or used attention on the possibilities of internal chaos and 1'is1 t o he future poai tion or the present ruling elite Reasons for the est blishment' R oncern and consequent appeals for U S support include serious institutional deficiencies and the prevailing moods of frus' t'at i on and of abseJ' ce of effective leadership within the government machifl l discontent among ethni groups and many of the educated class beceus ' 01 ' ' he corrupt and repressive systemj failur'e of the nAmharazation Pl'or l'am to cement a unified Ethiopia under Shoan Ambara domination l' JuHs of their unvlillingness to institute land and other reforms which vlOulc1 have broadened the regime's appeal and reduced domestic tensions in the long r ID failure to Ylork with and win over elements or the populatirll'l moat nota oly in Eritrea and the Ogadenl who are striving for greater local autonomy and inefficiency in the military organization ' We interpret the lEG's reaction to th Somoli tlll'eat' and pressure on the U S for assistance and psychological supportf largely as a t t e m p t s a to insure the ruling group's ability to maintai '1 its power and wealth during and afte the succession I I b to develop a rationale for a new pipeline to U S political l financial and military support in the event Kagnew Station should close down c to provide a justification for increased military expenditures and for further delays in a'cting on significant economic and social reforms which are increasingly being pressed on the ruling elite by domestic interests and by foreign aid donors 2 External' We'believe that Ethiopia also bears some responsibility for the recent deterioration in Ethio sornali relations which have never been close since Somalia's i dependence in 1960 In recent months l the economic stakes of both sides in the disputed Ogaden region have increased greatly as indications of the eventuality of' probable commercial oil di coveries have become known Moves by both sides led to border incidents in Novernber l which were followed by two UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 ' Melia I oaba A-2J p 3 sessions of bilateral talk at he l ol'e lgn iAin i I I' I l FreJ1r all available evidence it appears thet neither oiei wide rmy ' hs aJ tibl concession from its previous well-lmnwn pos ll ir fl lwndtably both sides used strong talk with President S i ed m'lkin' li ll I the E hi l ian o oreign Minister reports as a veileel th1'eat to 'eJOl i 'orc At present hilateral negotiations 'appeal' to be cornpl tely ctalled onn ' he 'prospects 'for further talks over the Ogtlden ser m '1 le itinnable without external pressures on both parties Somalia and Ethiopia' have conflict i ng cl du1r l to DjibQuti as Vlell as to the Ogaden which contributes substani 'j I1 'J y to their ri valry • Despi te President Pompid ou' s recent st cI1j' lmrm' n of French intention to remain in the TFAI and the apparent 1l I ptunce of this by ·both sides at least in the short run nei the1' hAS abandoned its claim and each is probably prepared to move mili iarny to protect its interests if and when France leaves Djibouti Other developments in the general area h 1VC sharpened the poli tical confrontation between Ethiopia and SomaUa The recent satisfactory border settlement and general'detent'1 with Sudal' have at least for the foreseeable future removed any 'I threat to Ethiopia from the North thus freeing resouroes for the SCMlali fron' II Kenya and Ethiopia are on the verge of renewing their defense agreement and are keeping in lose touch over the Somali threatll ' During the past 'year five African state haw broken re j ations with Israel This has made Israel increasulgly concerned about its ' position in Ethiopia the lllinchpin of Israeli in'her'ests in Africa We assume that Israel has encouraged Ethiopian concern over the IISomal i threat III OUR REACTION TO' THE CT' S RECOMMENDATIONS In view of our al1alysis of the current situation I ' e b llieve that the Gountry TeAm's options and reconunendations not only do not address the real problems of Ethiopia but also are laying new groundVlork for a continued U S military involvement in Ethiopia in the e y·p nt that the USG decides to clqse Kagnew I 1 Militarx We believe that what appears to be the Gountry Team's principal recommendation the increase in military aid to 11 5 million is only the foot in the door The referenced aix'gram proVloes a shopping list pa e 8 para J in the event of Soviet deliveries of T-54 and MIG-21 I s revealing the expectations of the Ethiopian government and the Country Team The response to the Country Team's proposals should be framed with the next gr0up of Ethiopian requirements clearly - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 Addis Aha09 A- J p I in mind and with the realization 't hat havinc i oy'l·rl '· hl1 fir·st stop H ' 'iil be difficult to refuse other Somali tln'eatl1- r l l d Wtrlll S Vie estion the Country Team's assessment that odclit'ional lrnJ dcl i verie t E th i liJ a ould be a stabiliz ng factor We consider it important to no·te th t r I ClI ·I lle inadequacy Qr the Ethiopian military increments in Vleapom'y hll'le Ouch less than commensurate effect on its overall capability J· I ' 'lJl nop l e 1 large deli veries of modern communications equipment hav ' noL'- enabled E·thiophm forces in Eritrea to coordinate air support vdth r ll lTlc1 maneuvers 'In this context the volume and cost of weaponry nC 'UE rI to I ISSl lre trser Ul'ity1t as the Ethiopian government perceives it Vlould inv' llvp a paiI itical and financial burden on the U S 1 which we find unac Vtuh e A major weapons program would probably have a negati ve L-1I i'J1 1' i on U S interests by reinforcing' the Ethiopian belief in a U S cOlm litment and by raising the cost of disengagement Furthermore the Coun· y 'ream ienores the real possibility that additional weapons would he ur nd in Eri' rea thereby seeming to involve the U S in the decad -o i r 1 i ns1Jrgency w1th possible risks to Kagnew 2 Political We believe that a summit meeting be't 'le n tb Presiden' and Emperor and to a lesser extent any m letine at thp C ll·jnet level should be avoided at the present time Agreement to 3 sUIrJllit me ting would signal to the thiopian Government that Vie 'iC' cpt their version of the Somali threat II and would make' it very dH'fi uJt for the U S to avoid further military commitments We see no objections to consultations with othGr £1 11 i es £01' an exchange of views since we believe most other alJ i p 3 M has France already would tend to down play the alleged lI 2 OIR 1i 'tbrea tll However we strongly disagree with the Country Team's op ion that the U S solicit military aid for Ethiopia from third coun·tries and particularly with the notion that the U S encourage IS1'r1p l to become even more involve with the Ethiopian military J Economic' ' The AID-related possibilities and rel ommendatiOl1s for aot i on in the Country Team's messages appear to us clearly CO 'lt ral'Y to the p lrpose 'of economic assistance While the messages take note of the t chni al drawbacks to the various options the overall Significance and in our minds danger of shifting the priorities of U S economic assistance in Ethiopia from developmental to military are not properly weighed • I M8ft E UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 ------ --------- _---_ _----- -'--------- ------ ---- A 1·1 Abuhu J - IJ ' i We consider t hut OII'J cL' the pur p0 1 I ·w j - ' 'UII rJ L t'J eW lOlU'oge the receiving CO U1try to oon 'I I' I'I ' l r I · Ill'l sor i i11 development By broadening the Af d lltlll' r ' ' J' r '11 ' 1111 '1 shifting of lEG · tUllds for military II U'POI'lp s ·t· 1 ' - I I' ' 0 housing investment guarantee to allow pu ' 'nn ' I I i i t u· ' j'lillr cni or l ' providing PL-480 wheat indirectly for' Hoi 1 L I J Ir'V' JI he usa would undernline long-term development p r'onp' I· i n l th oi'lll and thus its own interests We are concerned that colcn i ition of' i h OgooJcn o ould exacerbate the tension in that area and bet 'll' l'J E l JJJ i 1 and Somalia We are also disturbed by recent indicclUons c 1' S I U ls i on encouragemellt of the Ethiopian Government to move ahead w i Lit w h plans ' IV OUR RECOMMENDATIONS U S policy guidelines on Africa call fOl' less 11i · · 'I- IJ S involvement in African affairs particularly military j Ar3' t CIl rnments ·to ol'le their oVin problemsj emphasis on regional econn ril rievo lc rptnr l1i projects and international cooperation Therefore a v l a1' ' J II -t0rm U S • policy woul avoid a corranitment to the defeHse· cor f 1 liopio -mu j s territorial cl lims or to maintenance of EthiopIa's IIIlJ U U· ' st 'eJI2t Jl relative to its neighbors It would also encoul'are the use of diplomatic channels for t e settlement of' bilateral disputes an l i II a longer term framework promote cooperative ventures on the cC Jncmir side To this end we submit the following recorranendations I 1 Mission officers should make it clear to t l e Ei hj Qpian Oovelnment that the U S considers Ethiopia capable of liIeetine t he forer eeable Somali military pressures provided that it take H c 'll'l m' ' mea m 'es to rationally allocate i t s res our c es J and to elimiml' C M potism COl'l'up'liion and political influp n e in the military progra m T l'lY should also suggest that Ethiopia could enhance internal sec' l' i t in the Ogaden through a more equitable and d evelopmen' -ol'iented poli W At the same time it should be made clear that the U• S does lot hove 3 ly special relationship with Ethiopia other than exist ing treaty t rJr'mitrnents our de lire for good bilateral relations and our contln lt cl i n·te-rest jJ1 Ethiopia IS economi'c and social progress 1101' do 1ihe U have any intention of compe-ting with the Soviet Union in t he Horn of Africa 2 The U S Should strongly urge Ethiopi a and SomaHa to p pproach the Organization of African Unity OAU as the propel' forum for discussion and mediation of the territorial and other disputes The approaching 10th anniversary celebrations provides the lEG with the opportuni ty to set this in motion Ethiopia has ' he stronger case by OAU standards since all African states have ample reason to avoid re-drawing colonial boundaries the OAU being on record to this effect Focusing attention in the OAU on Soviet arms deliveTies to Somalia may UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 ----- __ _-- ---- _ _------- oj' ' ·Addis Ababa A- p enCOUl'age limitations on delivCll'ies of 9rCr n3 tV 'l ·II alll jH In LU r r l oi' limited U S cOIlUUitments Ethiol'in 110ulcl C ovel rJp 'I 11101 'wll'-J eliarr L role in the Vlorld in which it mtls·t J i v·u We 't'ecorranend planning now for expansioll II EI hl -SoJOI IU economic cooperation particularly in the Oe aden An r wrnple or a continuing tec11nical j oint venture is tile cumpuiJ n ar wi m t rinderpes L The U S and other foreign donors should encou cuf o ijo1ni ·' Y ploHation of natural resources affecting both cO' l1tr Les c g ol l 1nd the Webe Shabelle River Such cooperation Iould eY plo Lt 1 irt iI'r' r ' S potential in an efficient manner develop the neglecteci It rld an' r eo 1 e of the Ogaclen and reduce tension bet 'l en Ethiopia and Somalia Classified by Parker D Wyman 'DeM Subject to Gen Declass Schedule of Exec Order 11652 Automatically downgraded at 2-year intervals and declassified on 12 31 81 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06472793 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 1 Jt---- 7' - 1 - ' -i If ' -c ' ' • cONEia6NT1A 1 _ r 1 -t'-- - - - - - RELEASE IN PART 86 -_ _ _- - - 1 R-I rS9- · l E • ' e4 a N T A b EctiON 1 OF 2 BR% G fOWN 24e2 oxe wr- 9HAN EL RO 1 If' • iEiO ue 2' DS' ·TAGS PXNT PINS PGOV FOR EA O SUBJ I s· PCL CV N R Fi CAl 86 --- l LI_ _ _ _ _ THE aa G L CU' EASTERN 'CARIBBEAN BRIDGETOWN A 01e cel STATE 0 0 00 i 'THE ' EM ASey 's i P76 CAS ·$Ul Ml as XON taR tOG TOWN jA 0i a MAO 'TWO 'p'Ol TS WHICH W E sUaSEQUENTL V'· DELlE ao BV' THE' OEPARTMENT CA' THAT TH RE APPEAREO TO BE· AN %NcREAS IN CUBAN INTEREST' AND ACUYITY HL'T E EA Te RN CARla6e AN- AND cel TH T' gURip OL ICY OF' EXCI USIVE Y MUI TII 'TERAL A D TO 'THE __ REGION'S SMA L ER 'ENGLISH'S EAKXNS' ISLANDS ct E'i8S0ciATEDST TES BARBAOOS ANC GREANOA XS NEITHER EFFECTIVELY' PRO'HDxNr · I ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT NOR SERVING US POLtTICA INTERE$TS DISSENT FROM QUR tNT NTr TO 'CCNT%NU ' CHANNE lNG-A L REGtCNA l eCDNOMXC-ASSISTANCE THROUGH THE 'THlS MESSAGE-XS A CMU t EAN C Vf DPM NT BAtilK C iUCOM ANO REA18 OT ER M LTtNATIONA CE TAIN OF-TH ENTITIES % MUS ' AI Sg QUE TIQN THE OEPARTMENT' S' MOeT· A PR tOlUol ASSUMPTtOtoL THAT TM ' cuaM e' IIL NOT MAKE A MAJOR EFFORT INCI UOIRG QOVERT ACT1V-ZTYL TO BRING to POW R RAOICAL' MARXXST' REGtMeS %N I FOR ·dP HERS COM%NICA ST L uctAi ST VINCENT AND ' GR NADA ' - ' - ·e QUR po tCY Of' CNL MUL T%LATERAL ECONOMIC Aio'TO THE ' 8MAI ' ieI ANO OF 'THE' AS'1'ERN CARIBSEAN SEEM3 'ROOT D' S TM • IN A' THEOeET% CAL CQI MITMaNT' TO II EGIONA ISM ' ANO 1 P'Q 1'UCAI ECONOMXC %NTEGRATXONn ANO AN UNDaRST NDA L E DX5%Na INATION' 1'0 F E O MU lPI E MtNlSCq BIL ATEAAI AI D PR CiR AMS 'IN A H F DOZEN ISI AND MICRO STATEe UNFORfUNATE V·REGXONA D%StNTS GRAT ON IS A C EAR AND ACCELEeAT%NQ'TR ND HE E eSNFI ElSN'F1 A I • - ANa OOR SUPPORT' - _ - _--- -------- -- - ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas_e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 -- _ __ -------------------------------UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 PA E 2 J CQNF 1eENTl At BRXOGE QR MUI i'U AT RA XOM · 02 G2 01 OF 2 NO'MATTER 1 1 2 Z HOW V %GORO $ ST NDS O 'CHANCE OF REVERSING IT I· I'OR EXAMPI a OF L ACI OF PROGRESS 'TOWARD REGIONALISM HeRE ARE A FEW RECENT··ONES JAMAICAN ANb GUYANESE VIOLATiONS O THe SPIRtTl OF T CARXCOM 'TREATY ·WITH REGAAO TO TEXTILE lMPO T ST LOClA BARBAOOS J SQUAaSI XN -OVER AIR CARRIER ANOING RIGHTS ARlaeE N CU R N V AYTHORITY FIGHT' THf EA TERN RVER TH EX · CHANi RATE TH ST· LuCtA eT VI CENT F LOU IL 'eRAOAS '8Th 'TH r P ETIT MARTINIQUE ACCORD ' AN · tilONTeERR T 'S VETO OF THE CAR CO 1' L OCAL C NtENt A NOMENT L UCIA' 8 UNIL ATERAL ABROr ATION OF AR WORSE THAN SIMP Y S XNG iNEFFECTtVE OUR PRE NT· POLICY %8· R eaING us OF A DECENT OP PQRTQNXTY 'TO ·f'AVCRAeL IN UENC THE OIRECTION OF PQ ITICAL' OEVEL OPM NT IN TH IVE 800N TO a£ IRoEPENDENT ASSOCIATEO STAi S THf ' 8MA l r - IS ANC AOE a CaNSIST NT y_HAVE·EXPR SSEOhT EMeASSy p ReONN TH IR DEEP DISSATISFACTXONwWITH RE XD A fIN STITUTIQNS AND THE I'E INGS_ THAT' IN SPITE OFI THE %SL A Oa I UP RF1CIAL- o ·SIMXL·ARITIE5 THE%R INT REaTS ARE IN PACT DIV GC NT OFTEN'·'ROM ONE ANOTHER AN ALWAYS' P'ROM THOSe OF 'TAINIOAO T08AGO JAMAICA BARBAOOS AND GUYANA THE OTHER ARQE MEMaERS o TH CARlaSEAN CEVE QPMENT' BANlf'·ccoel· ANo CMUCOM THE SMALL tSL-AND PReAxEBS AR BEWII OEREO B¥ WHAT·THEy eONaIOER'·OUR aLINDNE S I TQ REQIONAL REA iTY AND rELL us THAT- IN' THE ABSENCE· OF· REALI AjSI STANC ON T RM' RE YANT TO THEIR QaLEMS THEY QOUCD WEL · aE· Re PLACeO iiI ANO RATHER QUICK V •• ay RADICAL P O CUBA AUTHORlt- TARXAN REGIMES HOSili E Tb THE· us - i D PARTMENi' AND AID PE eaNNEI OFTEN DISPUTe T1 11 CONTENTION THATrR G%ONACle HERE %S TRU Y ON THE oeC INE'·EV N WHENACC£ TING TH T IT s THEy stXL L' SEEM PUZZE O AS ·TO HY RE ' GICNAL ·poLrTXCXANS FAIL ·Ta suepORT'THE CONCEPT' tN PRACT1CE % TH% NK OUR - ROel M IN· UIQO R STANDtNG WHAT' 18 HAPPEtURG • IN TH I S REGARD PRCfUBL Y R S L Ta I ROtii Tlilo ACTQR ' l N' OUR· OW N MENTAL -S T FtRST SECAUSE D OUR OWN H STCR CAL' IXPERtENCE WE e E EVER·RICENIN ·INTEGRAT%ON •• ECONOMIC PO trXQAL ND soc IM · I ···· • A VHHE AT ANY 'Tt AS THE' ONL RATt O AL·- COURSE HOW YER IN ADDiTION TO aEL EVlN CORRECT Y t·F E Li THAT CONQMIC R UONAI XeM _is NOT ·IN TH XR TRUE iNT ERESTS XSLAND - IUD e ASSOCI ATE· INTEGRATIONr WITH COl ONtA 1 SR - CeNFlO NT AE - - 1 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 D_ c No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 - UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmento'f-State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 Fi1 o i ' CI CCM'%CENTIAL - PA 0 RICGE AFTER A 024e2 - 0l'OF 02 i316eez THE ARtA HAS AS' INTEGRAt DP AS ±Tis EUER TAE CO ONIAL SYSTEM AND fH SAME-D S%R TO ENO eRtTISH CONTROL SEES THEM NOT'AT A L ANX%a S TO l ' SU8M%T 0 CONTROl BY ANy lN i L a INTEGRATXO Of' COUASe ALWAVS INVOLVES A SURRENQ R Of INDEPENDENCE NO MATTEA WHAT ITS MATERXA1 REWARDS SECOND BECAUSE'Of'1 OUR QW HABIT r OF RELATZYE RANKNESS WE-ASSUME AEG%ONA LEAO RS MEAN WHATr TH Y-SAY PUa ICALLV A60UT THE DE$lRAel XTV AND POSSXaIL%TY OF iNCREASEO RESXONAI 1SM IT 1$ TRUa THAT THE' OI DER P REM%ERS ceIRO BRAcsAAW AND CATOr STIL t HAVE' A R SI UAt ' COMMITMENT 'TO THE OLD O E 0' REG%ONA r8M'BUT EVEN THEy'ARE - P EsstMISTIC ' CrT SHOUL D I SD BE'REMEMBERED TAAT WHI N THEY YEARN f R PO ICIA XNTEGRAT ON EA H AS$UM e HE WOU D eE 'THE aOSS THE YOUNGe R I EAD ER$ ARE ' •• ' %N PI I VATE AND ' XNCRaAeINGI Y· N PUBL IC OPEN Y CONT MPTUOUa· o BOTR XTS EFFICACV AND CHANCE OF SUCCE8S' - ' - eEEN UNOER r '4 F NAlLi'ZT Must Be R COGNriEC THAT TH ISI AN6' kLECfoRAtE ARE RQW%NG NCR AaIN3 Y ANTI CARICOM B LIEVXNG CORA CT Y THAT IT' CONT IaUTEe TO A HIGHER CO'ST LiVING AND aeNEFITS CNI Y JAMAICA TfUNlDAD BARBADOS AND GUYA A ' 'HERE 'THE POL l ' g • TI CXANS 80TH EAD ANO 'CL L DW THEIR VOTERS IT' S OiJL D B EMPHA SIZEO' TMAT' NOT EVEN X FQ ESEE TH 'ORMAL DISAANTL ANG 0' CAR%COM MUCH SS THE coa TH CARICCM'TREATy' IL L-RATHaR 8IMP Y BE lNCREAStNG Y % NOR P CANO OCCAe%CNA Y AME DEO' ONT ' ONLeV TAE SH L REMAINS - 14 t - e THE CASP REV IEW£RS JUST XFI O THEIFL DEC ie I eN _NC · 'TC OUR OaSERVATION'THAT_cueA ACTtvITV' IN' TH REG%ON HAC 'INCREASED ey NOTING T AT THE INCREASE ' HAC'NOT' sEEN CONprRMEO ' STATE 0903Z0'i· HETH R OR NOT TH Y WERE COAR CT AT TRE 1%M IS o eATAe E WHAT IS NOT O e TASL 1 f10WE e R IS' THAT AT THH POtNT %T 18 C EAR CQSA Ij' %NTERE'T ACCEPT IN 'THIS CPRNER Of THE CARIBBEAN AA8 OBVIOUSLY RtS N'CON SIQE8Aal y ' e yaNO iHAT i TH%NK HAT' AS 'THIS ACTivITY BECOMES MORE VISISLE AND 'iOP EU ' OUR' MONITORING Olld'%T IMPROVES E WILL HAVE _REASC TO ECOME AR 'MbRE CQNCERNEO UN 'O TUNAT L Y QUR PAST ATTITUDE8'ON POSS SI e CVBAN - AIMS H R INCLUDED SOMETAING OPt NOT' SE XNG 'THAT WE DIONfT' WANT't'TO e E - -' - -- - - - I' J- r a r_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743-0ocNo C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 _Y o rJ l • ' 1 r l ' CO E Z r i1 ' ZOer TI - ' A I R%DG 9J2 e2·· me IN O OCT Zl S 0i OF 212 XSQ Z0 •• i me w t i H 2 Z' • • M• • • • • • • • • • • • • • • R' 1iH 322Z' OEC 15 n1343 42 FM AMEMBA$eY· RJOGETOWN TO 8 ceTATE WASHoe 102 0 % 0 e N i A DI S NT CHAN E AOM L I_ _ _ _ 86 __ s cTiON 2 o 2 eR O E OWN 'i e • Vf •• '7 Ar THis POINT ITis CERTAIN Y REASONAB TC ASK HOW CUSA 'COULO HOPE TO PRO tT· jrROM 'ItiVCL VEM NT R 'THXS A EA A T R AI-I T E I SL ANOS 'TOT A L 'f L ACK RE SOUR c a NA 'l'URAI ·OR • OTHH RW% E THEIR PROBABLE ATTRACTXIQN HQW VER Ia TH lCP CR TUNITV 'THEY COUL D PRrSENT· CAST O TO O MONSTRAT H STCRY MOVIIi' %NQ %N HIS D R CnON TAE peYCHQL OGXC · IMPACT 01' XN ' succESSION TH OEC ARATXON_O THE· P QPLES P XC O COMIN%CA lI ill Hi P OP ES REPU6l XC OF 8T l UCIA II 'ETC CANNOT R A5QAe e SE O NX O ' FURTHERMORE TH Y cou c'aEi RA ATIV Lyr CHEA VI TOR ES VEN WITHOUT TH ROaAB Y a V T SU S%DY seNFtc NT i AI •• - ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Ca No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 -------------------------- UNCLASSIFIED- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 o2i • 8 I ' as eeNFIBENTIALi ' ''' l '0 BRIDGE 02 e2 -PAG 02 02 OF 02' le2 Z e WHAT ARE OUR OPTION87 E CA CONTINUE O R P-RESENT AID POl-'Xdy ANQ GXV UP ANY CHANCE OF PREVENTING THE ' MERGENCE OF 'U TO SIX CCMMUNIST M CRC STATES EACH PR SUMAgl y-W1'tH A UN SgAn IN OUR 8AC YARO _ QR WE CAN OECXCE TI'IAT'TI1E 'THe 'EXTRA AOMINSTRATIVE EXPENSE ·AOMITT D V LARG REI A11VE TO AlP • ' INJECTEO aUT MINUTE IN RE ATXQN TO OUR TOTAC·A%D BUDG T OF S£VERA T1NY 8X ATERAI AXD PRO RAMS IS NO AN UNREAsONAa E PRI E TO PAV TQ AVOID AN OUTCOME THAT ' N W SEEMS I VITAa E' OSVIOUSI V 1HERE r S NO GYARANT a_p succgss NC SHOULD WE DELUCE O RSELv a THAT' WB CAN euy MUCA REAI _CEVE OPMENr IN THE AREAl ALL w CA ACCOMP len %S To FOREBTA A SERIES OF UNp EAaANT PCLITXCA OUTCCMES FORTUNAT LY WE COULD 00 60 AT A PRICE ' EQUA TO DR VERY P08StSLY CWER THAN WHAT WE-AR NOW PAYING IN A ' FUT A1TEMPT TO BUV REGt ONAI De VEL CPMENT-·THROU H 'rH 90B M 9 X HOP THE DEPARTMENT Wl S RICUSLY REEXAMiN CUR • PRES NT COMMITMENT' TO M I TXAl AT AAL AtD AS A M AN$ Qf PRO · MOTtNG'REGxoNAL XNTEGRAT%ON IN L tGHT OF THAT' PO lCY' 8 I HONEOT CHANCES OF ACHIEVING THAr A%M OR ANV OTH R ue GOAL WE SHOU D AVOID THE TEMP ATicN ro JVSTIFY MU TXbA RA %SM ON THE aAS S OF' ITS EMOTIVE- APPEAl _OR Te XTBOOK NEAT NESS JUST AS W SHOULD NOT IGNORE THE FAILUR S OF REGibNA ISM IN SOUTH AM R%CA CENTRAL AMERICA ANO EAST A RICA T 'TH SAM TIM We GHQU D TAKE A HARp OOK AT TH AIO COS LOANS' U DEl CONS%DERATtON FOR RE tONA COMMON SERVICES ARo CAR%CCM'SR GI NA rOOD SYSTEM %N SPITE O TH XR EM%NENT RATIONA ITY ON PAPtR NEITHER OF-THEe TWO RE 10NA e ANS HAe EVEN BC NT PRAC11CAL 'CHANCE OF SUCCESS GXVEN INTERIIIXB A C ecoNoMIC AND PO ITICA RXVA RI S AND EACH %S ANC EAOER S OES1R TO'SE 4NCI PUTao M 8T R IN HlS OWN HOU t NO MATTE HoW ME N IT iEMS AOV1SASI-E THAT A R yiEW OF THE FUTURE O - • MU TJA ATERA AID HER 8 OU O NOT IMIt XTSE F TO- ON T CT WITH CD AND CARxcoM R80NNEL tWHO HAV AN UNDr£R eTAeAB E PERSONAL VESTED XNT RESTEO IN BCOST NG R GXON ALiS AND ARE THEREFOR HARD Y OeJECTIVE COMMENTAT-ORS aUT' SHOULD SQRVEV THE EaLINGS OF THE XS ANO' QOVERN MeNT THEMs VeSt eeNE%O lQf%A UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 iJNCLASSIFIEq-U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 1 1 13 2017 ' eaNF f'ENTI A BRIPGE PAGE 03 02 B2 02 9F me 1 1 e2 Z' 1 THE 'EN ISH 8PEAKZN SMA ANDa OF 'THE EA TERN CAIU86EAN INCI UDX NG BARaADQs ' II- TOGET HER AAVE' LESS 'THAN 600 lHOUS ND %NHA TANi$' AND i'I XR TOTAl I ANO AREA X8 HARD'V NOT XCEAfJL E THEY' ARE HoWgV R CL OSE TO NORTA AMER CAN ABOUT 400' MIL E 'PN rHg AY RAGE ' AND tHEY ARE Ab L GO NG jO as LUDI ROUS AS tT SEEMS'· %NDE END'ENT' STAT a ' BRITTON • ' t' ' ' - - eeNFi aSNTiAL - ''' ' ' - '- ''' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C_ se No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431120 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART Se 86 74 5ECnE'l' MO BiBBEl ADROlJB MEMORANDUM TO sIp· - Mr Winston Lord FRON AF C SUBJECT Dissent from AF Action Memorandum on DC-8 1 e -LI______________________ Icountry Director that no I continue to believe assur ances from Bongo have value Hm'lever this analysis is submitted to rebut the arguments of those officials · ho believe that assurances are of value and that the telegram from Bongo provides assurances on Rhodesia which are credible A The AF memo' states we now have Bon go's personal written assurances that the plane will not be used in Rhodesian trade I state that Bongo advised by his French counselors has very carefully not given such assurances l'le have three documents from Bongo 1 A telegram to the Secretary stating that Bongo renews the guaranties given in the note verbale of June 28 and on the occasion of the special mission's visit concerning the utilization of the aircraft for my personal use and in addition • for Air Afrique· ••• under IATA regulatiops This ''lould exclude all countries under sanction by the UN of which Gabon is_a member and whose decisions have Gabon's full support and approval Comment The word guaranties appears nO 'lhere in the note verbale of June 28 the special mission provided no oral guaranties or assurances 'lith regard to Rhodesia see Enc - Memcon prepared by L AF The note verbale contains many statements not guaranties about the plane it ould be maintained by Air Afrique i will be used in accordance with the Treaty SECRET NO DISSEM BRo 1l C _---------------------_ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 186 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 ' SECkE'l NO 0188131 1 ABROAD 2 of Yaounde a contract has been signed for its purchase its use will not compete with existing airlines the plane is for Bongo's personal use t will not be used'to benefit countries sanctioned l2Y the UN Bongo'aid not repeat that key statement in his telegram Bongo has knm'ln for months of our concern that the plane will be used in Rhodesian trade Furthermore because we did not approve the export license after we received the note verbale indeed AF recommended against the sale after we received the note Bongo has kno m that note from his Ambassador did not provide sufficient assurances guarantees on that point Therefo e his personal message to the Secretary should at the very least have specifically repeated the statement that the plane 'dll not 'be used to benefit Rhodesia Instead he simply repeated that the plane is for his personal use and for Air Afrique statements hich e received over his signature blice before and considered insufficient see pgh # 2 and # 3 below I believe Bongo has intentionally avoided putting his O Tn name to a statement that the plane iIl not be used in Rhodesiantrade and instead has given us a guarantee that' the plane is for his pe sonal use and' for Air Afrique lhich guarantees nothing The sentence beginning this would exclude all countries' etc must be carefully looked at If the word this' refers 'to its immediate antecedent under lATA rUles it is meaningless because L AF informed us lATA rules do not prohibit member airlines from flying to Rhodesia and t lO members Portugal and South Africa fly there regUlarly If t '1ord this refers to usage by Air Afrique UTA it is mee ingless because Bon go does not control that airline and UTA has been involved in sanctions violations anY''lay If the word this refers to personal use by Bongo it is meaningless because the first plane was for Bongo's personal use and went immediately 'to Rhodesia ECRB'f HO DISSEH ABR02W - --- ----_- _- --- -------- - - - - -----_ - ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 SECRE'f NO' DISSEl·i ABROAD 3 In other ords the t O key sentences simply refld guarantee the plane is for my pers0nal us · and for Air Afrique and this means the plane on' t go to Rhodesia II Based on the analysis above He have no guarantee over Bongo's signature about Rhodesia III Note The telegram contains other statements hich are misleading or false Gabon does 2 fully support the UN a fleet of plan flies from Libreville to Rhodesia regularly Bongo did not receive approval from Chiefs of State and the OAU GOWon of Nigeria while temporarily President of the OAU told Bongo it was inappropriate to give either approval or disapproval of the proposed purchase 2 Some months ago our Ambassador received p letter from Bongo saying the plane was for his personal use and for Air Afrique No assurances on Rpodesia 3 Exim received a letter from Bongo repeating the t o uses of the plane but saying nothing about Rhodesia The letter did say the plane '0uld be used in accordance ith the Treaty of Yaounde When a copy of the letter as given our Ambassador by Roland Bru French advisor and long-time agent of Foccart Bru is described as nefarious and bitterly Anti-American Bru said the Il'reaty of Yaounde provided the assurances e anted on Rhodesia AF researched the Treaty and found it as signed in 1961 seven years before sanctions and simply set up Air Afrique In other ords e ·lere given this letter and told it contained the assurances e wanted but this was a false statement Given the consistent pattern of false statements the June 28 note verbale contains innumerable blatant falsehoods - see Ene B made to us either in lriting or orally there seems no reason to believe the statement in the note verbale concerning Rhodesian sanc ions and in fact AF did not do so The 'ne '1 element in this situation is the telegram from Bongo Hhich gives no guarantees on Rhodesia Nhy therefore should the State Department shift from its position of July 11 don't sell to its position of sept 16 sell ithout any conditions _ - _ ___ 0 _ _ - - - _ o _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ •_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 1112018 B Further c9m ent on the statements in AF's memo 1 AF states that the assurances in the Bongo telegram are the best e can get Yet have a copy of a letter from a GOG Nin-ister to EXIM stating the plane ill not be used in Rhodesian trade This is better than the statement contained in the Bongo telegram Ho rever it is the same quality of assurance that we received in 197 just before 1e approved the export license for the first plane '1hich ent immediately into Rhodesian trade e 2 AF States the assurances rill protect us from cri ticism if the plane is mis-used Yet ''Ie rere criticized after allm'ling the first plane to go to Gabon when 1e kne T Gabon as involved in Rhodesian trade and our defense that e had prior assurances did not help us Hav ng been betrayed on the first plane ho can e ex pain our selling the second plane By again referring to assurances 3 AF states the costs fc Bonge f violating his guarantees will include criticism from the OAU the UN the USG and the press Yet he is still incurring these costs on the first plane and it doesn't bother him In June 1974 the OAU reported that Rhodesia had obtained the use of this fleet of planes only because Gabon had iMpersonated Rhodesia The planes are still flying out of Libreville to Rhodesia There are no costs to Bongo because he declines to feel ashamed or embarrassed 4 AF states Bongo must realize the possibility of bilat ral action against him if he misuses the second plane Why must he realize this He knO 1S of the flak e got on the first plane yet bilateral relations have improved since 1972 and we are doing everything we can to increase American investment and he kno s it I believe he does not expect adverse action if he mis-uses the plane and I doubt that the reference in the proposed diplomatic note attached to AF's memo to bilateral relations ·1ill be interpreted as a serious commitment from us to take action against him s AF' s memo refers to possible adverse action ' by 'Bongo against us if we refuse the sale Yet the actions·we anticipated have in ·the most part already been taken rejections of bids tc and the DC-8 situation has only _ _ _ _ • _ ___ ••• __ •• _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ •• _ _ _____ - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 2 been one'of'the reasons the GOG has turned us down The remaining possible adverse actions are so minor i e the G09 assumes majority control of a manganese company in vhich us Steel has an inteJ est that they no longer form a significant motivation for acting positively on the export license I Recommendation by diploma ic note to the GOG Embassy and by note verb ale to the GOG from our Embassy in Libreville let us tell the Gabonese that vIe lere worried about the possible mis-use of the first plane before e sold it and therefore asked for and got assurances but nevertheless the plane went into Rhodesian trade and is stiil 'there Because the USG decided at the time the export license was issued in 1972 that mis-use would be prejudicial to sale of future aircraft to Gabon e are nm implementing that decision In doil g this He are making no judgement about hO 1 the ' GOG 1ould have used the second p'lane if had approved the sale We could add orally that since 've believe a DC-8 can be purchased else here or a similar aircraft our refusal to sell should in no · ay inconvenience President Bongo in fulfilling his need for a plane for his personal use e In making this recommendation I am expressing my o o1n vie s HO i ever these vie '1s are supported by the viel-'s expressed by other Foreign Service Officers including those familiar -lith President Bongo and the Rhodesian sanctions problem I who feel the s'ale of the plane will be a mistake • _ _ _ _ M - 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473595 Date 01 11 2018 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476157 Date 01 11 2018 e NF I §ENT I Al Departlnent oj State PAGE Ul ORIGIN SP- J2 i r Fa 0 CT- 0O' STATE '254937 OUTGO' NG· TEL E GR AM ' RELEASE IN PART 86 ADS - 0 0 AMA 0- O' 1 ES· 0 I 74 00 0'04 R DRAFTED BY SIP CAlLEGRONE AG APPROVED BY S P PWOLFOWITZ ------------------076134 240645Z 121138 R 24 1346Z SfP 81 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY SAN JOSE ee NFl e E N T I A l STATE 254937 c FOR L-I___--'I E O 12065 GDS 9 22186 TAGS 86 SIP PAUL WOlf OWl TZ WOlFOWITZ PAULI NIA SUBJECT YOUR DISSENT REFERENCE 1 FROM CHANNEL MESSAGE SAN JOSE '5764 CONFIDENTIAL - ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU fOR YOUR RECENT' DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE wE HAVE DIS TRI aUTE D COP I ES' TOT HE' SEC RET ARy THE CO UNSEL 0R• THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY fOR INTER-AMERI AN AffAIRS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EC NOMIC AND BUS NESS AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE OPEN fORUM THOMAS THORNTON POLICY PLANNING ST AfF MEMBER WIU COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY CLARK UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476157 Date 01 11 2018 CO 641547 O IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415470 Date 10 11 2017 SECRET RELEASE IN PART 86 Depaj·unent -Of State PACE ·SI Or Sl ORIGIN SP-HZ IIlfO OCT-HI SlATE U14 aIm ISO-sg HIY-98 1093 R 66Bli ORAflEO 8T SIp meASEl ao1 l APPROYEO BT S P RJHARRHIGION OIST SIP ONLY ---- -------------I R llemz H gmz 1U6Jl 161 11 m·sw flASHoe TO U rlIBASSY BE I RUI f SlHE OUTGOING TELEGRAM BHl39 I SYRO-ISRAEL I DIVERGEtIC£ III NABAT mn AffAIR AHD RESUl TING DISORDER III SOUTH HAVE VEXED ASAO RHIlIE AND OTHER OBSERVERS AS mL FROM DA1 IASCUS YANIAH POIHI ElPLANAIIOII OF RHEtlT DiffiCULTIES CAn BE SUI ' IJARIlEO RAIHER BRIEFl Y SYRIAnS AND ISUELIS COOPERATED IN LEBA lOll BUT ISRAELIS flHE UIIIIILlI lG 10 COOPERATE TO ASSISI SYRIA 10 JlIPLEUEIIT POST-ARAB SUWAIT GOAL or o TfHD111C SARKIS C flTRAl GOrER mENT AUTHOR III IIITD SOUTH lEBA ION II1lERE ISRAEL IS PERC IYE PR SEHCE OF SYRIAII AoF TROOPS AI IIABATIYAH AriD B£YOIID AS IHREAT TO IHEIR 1I0RTHERII BORDERS A THREAT llACNIF lEO BY ISWll £LHtIOH CAMPAICN S tel T SlATE B'JHlS aUOTE 2 COS SUBJEtT DISSENT CHAlma ESSACE SYR lA ISRAEl AND lEBANON CONVERCENCE MW DIVERCENCE I THIS II£SSAGE TWISI lITS A OISSElIT CHAnn L VIEV OINT OF I I PolltlCAl·OFrICER THE DRAfTER ODES NOT fllSH TO REsralCT DISTRIBUTION or THIS LlfSSACE AND SUGCS TS THAT 0 Isn I BUT I ON I HCL UOE lH HH ARH INR EIoIIIASSY DAMASCUS Allo EMaASSY BE IRUT Z PUT IAL CONVERGEnCE OF SYRO-ISRAEL I InTERESTS OPERATIVE Ilf IfHAIION rOR APPROXIMATElY PAST YEAR HAS BEGUI TO ·SHOW SIGNS Of SERIOUS Sl J1 AGE PRIOR TO RECENT nABATIYAH AffAIR ItICRHl UTlL IIISERTIONS or srRIAU HOOPS IHTO H8ANOtl AND IHE IR SHIFTS AROUttD COUNIRY WEa TOLERATED BT ISRUlIS -- SUBSEQUrllT TO YIGOROUS rxCHAIIGES AMONG PARtiES rACllITATED BY U s AttO JOROANIA GOOD OFFICES -- AIIO REFLECTED UNDERLYIIIG COI l1 01 IIIHRESIS OF BOlli ISRAEL AIID SYRIA IK FORESTALLING ESTASliSU1IENT OF MIAT THEY VIEWED AS RADICAl PALESTlIllAlI-OOI IlIATEO RI GI tE IH lEBANON ISRArLI UNWILL UGHESS TO TOLERATE m IAN DEPIOYlolElI1 TO NABAIIYAK SICNAllED WANING OF SYRO•• ISRAELI CONV RGENCE AnD ENIRANCE IIiTO IIEW PHASE OF lEBANESE CRISIS IN WHICH SYRiAn AND ISRAELI ACTIONS POTENTIAlL y COvtRNEO BY 0 IV£RGEIICE DF ltUTUAI III1EREST SYRO-ISRAEl I OISHARllDNY IN SOUTH lEBANOU APPEARS TO HAVE INITIAllY CAUGHT DAMASCUS BY SURPRfS YlHETHfR OR NOI BOTH SIDES corlSCIDUSLY RfAllZED FULL ILiPORT Of -RELAJlOKSHIP OF PARTIAl liUTAlITY 1iICH HAD DEVElOPED SINCE E RIY 1976 SYRIAUS HAD BECOUE REUlIYflY ACtUSTOII£O 10 GENERAl PATTERN or ACTIVITY III HOANOH MIlCH IIAINTAINED SOME PREDICTABILITY SlJllULUS IJIICREllENJ OR SHIFT or SYR IAN GROUND fORCES IN RESPONSE 10 CHANGING COND 1I10HS AI lOHG LEBArIESE-PALESTlnIAN C01 l8ATANTS CRISIS ISRAEliS SYRIA iS AND lEBANESE COW iUNlCATE HITH HeH 01H£R OFTEn THROUGH u s AND JORDANIAN COOO OFF ICES TO APPl Y EXISTING TACIT GROUND RUlfS TO HEW SITUArlON AND PERCEPIJOn GENERAL ISRAn I ACKUOW1 EOGEII£HT THAT UOSl P EC£ STII'lJIUS DID NOf UNCUI Y THREAHH IHE lit UHDERL YI G INtERESTS AND AIIltD AT RESurCllftC LEBAnESE LEHISHAlESTl IIAJI COALI flONI ATlAIII tEIiT OF SUCCESSIVE PLATE US OF UllDERSWIDIHG RHCHED OUTER lllM OF THIS lurORIiAL AND UAr ESHIH PROCESS TllIEJI HRIAH fORCES BHOrsGINC TO Aor EHIEREO UBAllYAH • 5 I BHIEVE THIS ALTERED SlATE OF 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EPEATEoL Y EXPRESSED FOREBODINGS ISRAEL UlIlllAT£lY PERUJIlED ABOul 39 BBH SYRIA I TROOPS TO ENTER LEBA lorl AND DESPITE HARS THAI ISRAEliS MICHT TAKE ·ADWrAGE or THEIR IlIt IlARY I'o AKN SS 011 GOLAII AHO MiEN HE OET£Rl IRED IT liAS NECESSARY DEPlElfo HIS GOl H FRONI or sou£ IlECHAIIJl£O UlfANtRY AIID MISSILE BRIGAOES 10 1l J WHAT HE PUtWED AS GREATER THREATS In lEBANOn AND ON IRAQI BORDER IlE BOIH PARTIH R£CEIV O OUR ItlPU1 BUOH tHEY REACHEO TKUR DECISIONS A1 EACH CRISIS POIIIl THEY ULrtltATElT RISKED RElYIrtG UPON THElIl O ·tl PERCEPTiOnS OF UUTUAL SHf-INT£RESl TD EVOL VE A StRAI£Gr THAT SuCCEEDED i i 6 SYRG-ISRAElI COIlVERGENCE IN LEBANOII COIITAINED fOR SPilUNG OVER IIno OUR EfFORTS TO REACH AN OVERALl REG IONAl SETTt EIIT f IRST IT GE IERATED IIOI ENTUII AND PROIIISED TO SOfT£N THE HARSH fOCE OF CENERAlL Y HOSlIl WJTUAL PERC£PIIONS SrCOItD 1lRWED pensPEt IHAT III FutURE·STAGES or rfFGQIIWQUS 1 EII PAL SlINllH ISSUE fiOULD BE DEliBERATED ISRAEL IS ' COULD AGAIN l iQ CO illJl G J' 'BOWEEN_THE IR INTERESTS AND I NTi'SlSTS or SARG ll 'IIORKlHG DUI ACCEPTABLE LtAIINER· rOl YKRTrrrrnHLWJTK · STlNIAN PROBWHmnH PR£V HTING EllERGE ALEST 1111 All STAT 0 IR CROPlHG FOR A GEOCRAP I L C MODATION Of IftT RESIS PERHAPS SICNlrJ CANTt Y Sm tD TO AOD NEI DILlfHSJON TO CURRENT rDR1 IUUTIOtIS OF BILATERAL RfLATlOIlSHIP wITHin FRAIJEWORK OF PU £ W1tERBY • ISRAEl IS SEEK IIIC RH lIfEt Y SElF-ENFORCING ACCORD THROUGH OPEN· ACCHS TO UEICHBORIIIG SOttEII ES HIl SYRIAtlS FOR THEIR PART DISPLAY VE 8AL PREfUENCE fOR UDA SUTIC ABR AHCf Hf COUl'2IStI C Slt tltlG DF TREATY • ENDIHG STiTE or BELLICERENt ACREElIfNI ON DEMILITARIZATION AllD STATIONING Of INm ATIOtl u FORtES BUT pERHAPS lIT1lE ElSE £nl YERGENCE SUGGESI£P THAr HntH •• URT I S HAD DIseOVERED sour COWlOlI GROUIIO TO CONTAIN' URWS JOUrmll VOl UII m oFJEd AWM 10 sum UTEHT THEY II RE EVOlVIIIG tOWARD A RElATIONSHIP THAT fIOUlO BE NEcrsS RY HAD THEY BEEN Ai PEACE rOR • fOIEHtJ t SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415470 Date 10 11 2017 86 CO 641547 O IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415470 Date 10 11 2017 SECRET OUTGOING Departnlent Of State TELEGRAM • l r l PAGE B2 Of B2 STATE 9SUl9 yU A PrACE USED uPOtr THE ISRAEli MODEl WaUl 0 riOT • HAYE CUA ANJ O A COOPERATIVE R SPOIISf TO IHTtR-AR B CONH I CI IN THE LfVAUI AriD ELSEWHERE III Il£ ABSErlCE OF PEACE HIlIOERED COI VERGENC TO EXTEIIT THAI COOPfUTIOf In lEBANON OF NCESSIIY WAS IMPLICIT AM £XHIBITED R£L IAIICE UPON IlIlma o IAR IES rOR EXCHAtlG IIIG COU lU UCAliONS • 1 CURRENl SIGtlS OF DIVERWICE III SOUTH LBAIION THREATEn TO 0 ISRUPT PROCESS Al READY ACH I EVED AlID COULD lEAD TO REGIOJlAl CO IFLICT flll T IS 'OISTII'WfC I tR IS THH ItIlTlAl SUCCESS Of 1SRA lIS AlID SOIl E 1# C J E VERY CIIIS ill Mom I IRrnt llC RrtlOUU OIUW$ WlIi OIlI arSlIRlIulLJJ BY $l'I U I I l fJll ewe Tlwe INm OSU' SJG llU IU g Ill £T1f££N DISPUTAnTS lAY BE PERMIT ED TO DISSIPATE LEAVING SYRIA IIllt IlICHESS TO SEEK FURTHER AREAS Of C01lUONIHTEREST WITH ISRm AHD U S 10 POSSIBLY WArIE AS Il1 Ll A So a WILL INCHESS Of THE DEPARHI IT TO LIAINlAlN OPEN lIND ABOUT INSERTIOII Of un TROOPS INTO SOUTH L BAIIDn IS • EYIOEI CE THAT t ARE Will TO TAU SOl RISKS TO RESOLVE SOUTH mAIION ISSUE BUT AS NOlrD ABOVE PARA I HAVE DOUBTS THIS IS lOST PROPER IIIVESTMEnT Of OUR • POLIT ICAL CAPITAl J 5UGGfSI A1Wl HBNAWE SW lW THAT WILL EHLP TO ElID DISORDER III SOUTH AND SHIULTAN OUSLY NHAIICE SYRIA'S DESIRE TO ASSU E ACTI'E ROLE IN OVEACOUII1G HEGDTlAlItIG OBSTACLES TO RtACH COMPKEH NSIVE AmBIENT WITHOUT SERIOUSLY UHDERIIiNING ISRAELI COmAITIIEI1T TO OYERAll SElllElltNT I PROPOSE THAT 'if ImST umSSARY PROllTlGAl CAPIlAL TO ISRAEL TO TOlERATE 'rill t 11lURTION OF S R AH 0 Soids i I 10 C N RAL CDVT AUTHORITY TO THAT REGIOr J n m QRlilJI sYPIUU-QIJ - rn mJB1D um DElAI I TION I iff THIS WI LO liE SHAlE U S lAKllIG OIPLOAlATIC lEAD TO FASHIOII ARRANGEMENTS SUIlABtl TO BOTH SIDES TO BRIDGE GAP THAT HAS OPEHED Bur IT SWIS r t COULD BunD UfOI COtV lorl GROUI D iHAT tSRAEllS AUD ' SYRIANS lIAflGEO TO UI COVER OYER PAST YEAR AND TAKE' ADVANTAGE OF UOOIFI HlOIiS Iii PERCEPIfOIlS eEI HH' • TH SE TWO PARIIIES I DO IIOT UtI UtilE THE DiffiCUlTIES IH COHVIHCIHG BOTH PARilES TO OtLOI'I THIS COURSE AflER' OUR UHS ilicmCY1 IN H8aum II' 1 IS S AnTAGOnIZING THE ISRAELIS WH I II'E SEEKIHG THEIR OOPEXHIOH TO RESUI SEIISITm N COTIATIONS TOIIARE OVERAll SETIlEmrn BUT THIS ANTAGOniSM AWY BE SHORT-Lno IF SYRIANS SUCCESSFUllY CO DUCT' tHEIR 55'011 AIID KEEP TO THE TERIIS or IIIlATEVER ARRAliGEIIEHTS ARE COnClUOEO BASED UPON OUR EXPERrEIICE OYER THE lAST YEAR t HAYE REAsorUBLE CRounDS TO DEPE 0 ON SYRIAN PERFORUArICE ArID SINCe SYRIA'S _ INYOLVEMENT II lEBAHon HAS aWl A MAJOR OElERIII IANT OF ITS WllllNCNESS TO PLAY POSITIVE ROLE IN RUCKIHC SETIlEl fNI IIITH ISRAEl POLITICAl CAPITAL INVESTEO IN THIS SlRAlEGY WOUlD STANO A R£ASONBLE PROBABltITT OF ADDING TO RATHER THAT OEPL lIHG OUR fUlURE lEGOT I AT IIIC ASSETS MURPHY mud UNQUOTE VANCl SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415470 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431500 Date 11' 1'3 2017 T o RELEASE IN PART 86 --10 ACTXON Sp 2 # INPO OCT 01 'ES-01 _ISO· e i0e4 • • ••• - - I •• Ff'i MEM AeSV' eUC H R S1· • · -·111 ·' · ¥- •• ' _ CHANNEL POR S P REGXNALD BARTHOLOMEW AC ' FROM AMBASSAPOR ' 'f · - e o l1e5 1 GO TaG J PfOR Ew ri __ ' ' 119702 STATE _ ErRO US RO US-ROMANIAN oNG·TERM COOPERATION AGR EMENT' SUBJeCT ' • A BUi iUREsi 2988 N F i O E N ' i' _'f _ ' ' I' REPi PRIOR TY' a 24 ee OISS NT v ' P 21084 i' MAV 7 e TO SECSTATE' WASHOC fA f' - J • - I I HAV E OEI A yEO $E ot NO VEN A ' INTEeI M REP LY' TO ypU S%NeE _w 118' I RESENT V OUT OF TO TO RING NORTHERN aOHAN%A WITH HI PA ENTa r HAVE' ap D EN TO HIM ONC ON THE PtiONE IN APPROPRIATE aU RDED 'TERM ND WE'Re ·TO TALKI AG IN TONXGHT' OR JOMORRQW N%GHT · HE HAS GBEED THAt we XI I WPR ON A Tf t GSAM B TTJNG F QRTH 'EMBASS COMMENTS ON 'THE WQ 'POINTS' HE HAS AISED % WOULD eREFE R Ttl HAVE HIM SEE_WHAl' E_A8 ro 0 - S NOING_ANO OISCU S IT' WITH rM a T' HE A INDXCA' D E' BE PREP R O 'TO HAY-E IT • GO DEP PRIOR YO tiXa aE rUBN nfX S' EEl eNP IN ANV CAse FROM HERE ON WE·' WILL USE ' NDRMA l 86 WOULD ' CHANNEL • BARNES a- ' c 0 Wpo 1 9 EN I AI t o ' - ' ' i· JC • J 'i ' ·-' ·i ' ' l h ' c_ - - -- ---4 i _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No £- 016-07743 Doc No C06431500 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445642 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 Sept 19 1974 Dear Mr 1ard If it is not· - '0 much trouble I WQuld anpreciate your substituting the 'attached twa pages for the first two pages of the clissent paper I submitted earlier this week In the ropes that the Secretary may not yet have made i isi h I have time to tr r to improve the presentation and alsQ' do a better typing jab making it easier to ead aken I appreciate your cooperation ISincerely cc Mr 86 Djerejian I i - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445642 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 -_ - _ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OFFICIAL-INFORMAL LIMITED OFFICIAL USE JulYr 20 1972 RELEASE IN PART 86 DISSENT CHANNEL 86 After th Department received your telegram #2313 of July 7 I consulted with the Bureau for African Affairs and other interested officers in the Department This further response to your message outlines in some detail the Department's actions in relation to the crisis in Burundi As soon as the crisis in Burundi erupted on April 29 1912 with a coordinated Hutu attempt to overthrow the Tutsi regtme the U S Government tried to be h lpful from both the humanitarian and political points of view In response to the initial requests from the Burundi Red Cross Catholic Relief Services and CaritAs International we supplied $80 000 worth of relief supplies o help victims of the initial hostilities We are reasonably certain that these first supplies reached the intended recipients without d scrfm1nation against any ethic group On the political side we joined with o1 her governments represented in Burundi in an appeal to the Burundi Government to refrain from reprisals and repression against the Hutu majority In view of the fact that we have no aid program in Burundi beyond a 'modest self-help program $35 000 in FY 72 and that traditionally the United States has been identified with the Hutus because of American missionary activity we felt that the most effective influence on the regime to cease the repression could be exerted by other African governments We actively pursued contacts with African leaders who are well known and respected 1n Burundi such as President Mbbutu of 86 American Embassy Tegucigalpa LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 --_ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LIMIteD OFFICIAL USE 2 Zaire President 0u1d Daddah of Mauritania and Emperor Haile Selassie of Ethiopia Apart from M but who sent a special envoy to Burundi to urge moderation all the other Africans appeared relucant to lnterfere in what they considered an internal matter of a sovereign AfriC4n state The annual summit conferenoe of the Organization of African Unity in June 1972 dId not even diecuss the problem As soon as it became clear that · ubsequent distri bution of humanitarian assistance was being controlled 10 Buch a manner as to deprive the Hutus in favor of Tutsis we suspended all consideration of providing further aid Other organizations such as the International Committee of the Red Cross also'suspended plans for providing assistance In late June the Secretary General of the United Nations sent a mission to Burundi to determine the facts and to recommend courses of action The mission was sent with our encouragement and Embassy Bujumbura assisted the mission in obtaining an accurate picture of the situation despite Burundi Government efforts to the contrary We are now awaiting the Secretary General' 8 reaction and are encouraging bls associates to move quickly because the killing and suffering continue In addition to the suffering within Burundi a ser10us refugee problem haa developed in neighboring countries especially along Lake Tanganyika in eastern Zaire and in Tanzania Moat of the refugeea including many Hutu students who elcaped execution squads are in terrible condition The Department has requested dne poBts in the area to focus on this problem and to make recommendations We have urged the United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees to take an urgent interest in the mat and he has agreed to send a representat1 to the area irmDediately to coordinate alelitance The Catholic Relief Services is already working there and the Department gave that organization a grant of $50 000 on July 14th to start the relief program going while we obtain more detaile LlMlTED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE 3 1 believe that from the foregoing you will agree that the U S Government ha been doing the maximum withtn its l ited capabilities to help the Hutus and to encourage a r turn to peaceful conditions J I Sincerely yours Signed iIIiam l Carg6 William 1 Cargo Director Planning and Coor dination Staff Drafted AF C HJCohen SP C HJSpirolebd Concurrence AF - Mr Newsom LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472135 Date 01 11 2018 ---------------------------- I n J ' -D rI J '' ''11 ' CO 6416897 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416897 Date 10 11 2017 1 PAGE fl At II Gh ·e IlIfO SAIlIIA 4116 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE INCOMING Departll1ent of Stat TELEGRAM 1891 ·-······-·-··-·--9ID4171 LIUII£O orr ICIAl 1 - - --- SJl123l AS ORD RED 8T THf OEPAP HIINI AND 1I0T IUPOSIHC SOliE SORT or HG RUI E • ER ONAl Q U l EHII ISO·BB II BJ141Iz Iurl 11 flA AU1UBASSY SANJIACO 10 SfCSIAJE kSHDC IS13 slHr U SISS6 9112 6J1J2Bl BI6106 113 6 PERSONAL ATTACK ON THE AUBAmooa i ISTAlES THAI HE WAS ASSURED BY AMBASSADOR popprR THAI eoullsn 'OUlO eE SouCHT OURIIiG IHIS ·SEUET OHfllNG PEOCESS- GDES ON TO sn 'IT IHIS COUNSEll Y AS HOT ISOUGHII AIIO Pi UNAWARE UNTIL LAST r f THAI SUCH EXTHUIE CUIS HAD BEEN SUGGESTED' IN FAtl SUBtlll1ED TO THE UI6ASHDDR A IIUL I HAGED UEUORANDUII COfIC£RlliHC peRSONNEl LEvElS III USIS I'IIOCH lH AI Ia SHDD CAREFUll Y COIiSfOERED IHE AUBASHDOR ALSO lOOK IHTO CDiISI0 R i 1I0H THE RECOUUEUDATIOnS or IHE PAP N 11 111 GROUP tHE D JAILS OF THESE R COutA HDAIiONS OBYIOUSl Y COULD HOT SE OlseUSHO 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1'IOUlO OXLY ADD IH 1 11 i OULD 9 PAiTlClIlARLY SAD 10 LOS 1H HISIORICAL UOl EHT AND IiOAHGl R TH ADUIHISIRATIDU'S CI EARLY 1'ION CREDISILIH ON lHl D UDCUliC mUE I APOLOCIZE fOR TH LEHGTH aUI IH1H 11 IHcumNl UPON lIiE OISSEHlEl 10 I UE HIS ASSUUPTIOHS ClEAR Sll6lER 1 THE AlIAIiU POPULAR HAS VOICED LOW kH COUrLAIHTS TO US lAND AlUOST CERTAINl T lOUDER O'HES TO THIRD PHTIESI THE SOCIALlSIS KAVE WRESS O CONSIO ABl IRRIJ I IIDH lHOUCH GONZALEZ PERSOnAll Y HAS tOUCHED HIS CONCERNS TO IKE AlIBlSSADDR 18 DIPLoaAlIC fASHl'OH fORUfR rORElGk 1I1l11SHR AREIUA EASED OUT Of THE POLITICAL llLlHlGHf BY SUAREZ EARlIER EXPRESSED COIiCEU 10 l L I IEHD TO ' ' THIHK or fRAGA lAND AREllZA 1001 AS A UAH OF THE PAST WilER IHAN or rHE fUTURE BUI HI REUlINS IIU'ORTAKT HOf HIS CROUPS' IRRITATION YlILt Ey HTUAll Y SPIll OVER PHHAPS IN A CAUlllST ATTitUDE lDlIoiJlD l AIO ND tHEY HAVl FRIEnDS AuDriC THl 1 NSEIlYUlVE UllIlAlU IIHO WUST BE BROUCHr AROUND ON HATO IN CGNIiASi IHE RHAIiVELY uOOERAlE GONZALEl 110 HAS 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MiD THERr IS NO USE IN OUR elVIN THEU AN IU DYERI£Hl BOOST TH£ IDEA Of A RECEPIION Il S T RNEB DOWlI AND If IHE ' PRES£NT SCHEDULE COES FORWARD THE Yler-HESIDENt WILL SEE HO POtlJlCiAHS IH l AORID EXCEPT suml AND HIS CABINET AlLIES ' I USPEClFULlY REQUEST RECOUSIDERATIOH Of THE RfCEPIIDK PROPOSAL If THU IS HOI POSSI8IE I sumST AN Al HRHAlIVE EXPlOiE lAYInG ON THREE I DIVIOU t ENCOUNTERS WITH conzALEZ IIUll- lUrNn AND FUGA THE lIDSI IWORUNT LEADERS Of tHE lEFT CEHI£II AHD RICH1 YiHO IIILl COHTENO IIITH SUAREZ IN THESE HECTlC_S II THIS AL TWIAJlYE I olinl wITH THE AUEmADOK' YiHO JUDGES INDIVIDUAl UHTlKGS to 'BE 100 POIHTED 1 SING IN' out OF CERtAI LEADERS AlIOHG THE UANf•• ' CON FIDE NTI AL· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State' Ca e No F 2016-07743 Doc No 606416958 'Date 10 11 2017 CO 64169 5 8 IED - ------ - - U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416958 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416958 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 7 03 6 IED u s Department of State -- - - - - - - - - - - - - Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064170 Date 10 11 201f NOTES TO THE TABLES IRELEASE IN FULLI Government delegate E Employer delegate G H Worker d elegate A vote consonant with the side sup'ported blank by the U S delegation A vote not consonant with the side supported by the U S delegation Absence for vlhatever reason 1974 Vote on a resolution concerning the polic'y of discriminatio'n racism and violation of trade union freedoms and rights practised by the Israeli authorities in Palestilfe and other occupied Arab territol ies II' 1975 Vote on the socalled IIHawk Amendment to ensure that ILO bodies conside ing inviting a liberation m v'ement such' as the PLO vlill first have to be assured TTthat the liberation movement in question fully recognizes the principles of the ILO and its ConstituU on and the right of ail member States to continue in existence and participate in the Tork of the Organizatio J ' II 1977 I Vote concerning a proposed amendment to Article 17 of the Standing Orders of the International Labor Conference previously appr ved by the Governing Body and designed to exercise closer control over the introduction of resolutions at ILO·conferences ' 1977 II Vote on the adoption of a report of the Conference Committee on the Application of Cor ventions and Reconnnendations and involving in particular the conclusions of the Cominittee of Experts on the Application of Comrentions and Recommendations with regard to the Soviet Union other Communist countries and Israel • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 C06417036 IED u s Depart rit' i St teo·Case·N·b' 'F- 2016- i7743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 1974 G G E W 1975 G G E W i-977 I G G E W - 1977 II' G G E W Australia Austria Belgium Canada Denmark Finland France - Germany West ' of Iceland Ireland Greece - - Israel Italy Japan of ' 7 - Netherlands New Zealand Norway Luxemburg Portugal - - Spain - S yeden Switzerland t -I- Turkey Uni ted Kin doQ United States C Pl U5 Halta I -I- - - -1- -I- - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016 -07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 03 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 J SOVIET BLOC P l I 1974 G G E W 1975 G G E 1977 I G G E W 01 t A-l AJ'fo-vt 1977 II G G E W Byelorussia Bulgaria Cuba Czechoslovakia - - - - - '- - - Germany East Hungary Mongolia Poland Rumania Ukraine USSR· Yugos avia UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 C06417036 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 AL R v t ARAB LEAGUE 1974 G G E W 1975 G G E W 1977 I 'G G E H • 1977 II G G E W Algeria Bahrein Egypt Iraq Jordan Ku vait Lebanon '- - Lybia Mauritania Morocco Qatar Saudi Arabia Somalia Sudan Syria Tunisia United Arab Emirates Yemen Arab Republic Democratic Yemen· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 -------------------------------- co 641 7 0 3 6 IED u s Departm nt f4si t __cas 'N F 2016 oi743 6bc-Nci 606417036 ' 1975 G G W 1975 G G E W· 1977 I G G· 'W Date ' 1'oh1 2017 1977 II G G E W Angola Benin Burundi Cameroon Central Afri 7 im Empire Chad Congo Dahomey Ethiopia Gabon Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Ivory Coas t Kep ya Liberia Mali Mauritius 110zambique Niger Nigeria Rt Tandc Senegal Sierra Leone Swaziland ' Tanzania Togo - - Uganda Upper Volta Zaire Zambin UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 I '4l CO 641 7 0 3 6 IED u s Department of State Case ·No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017-- 0 J 1J1 tu u r '-'J J L' 1 j 1 l U II y A G 1974 C E W 1975 G G E 1977 I U G G E 1977 II W ·G G E W - - Afghanistan· Bangladesh Burma India Indonesia Iran Laos -- Malaysia Nepal Pakistan hi1ippines Singapore Sri Lanka Thailand Fiji Papua UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of Stat Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 co 641 7 03 6 IED U S Department of Slate Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 06417036 DatE 1'0111 201'7 'v 1974 G G E W Argentina 1975 G G E 'W ' V ' 1977 I G G E W' 1977 G G E 01 Bolivia Brazil Chile Colombia Costa Rica Ecuador El Salvado r Guatemala Honduras Mexico Nicaragua Panama Peru Uruguay Venezuela Barbados Guyana Jamaica Surinam Trinidad - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 703 6 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 'V' '1 _Effect of Withdrawal from ILD on US Participation in Other Specialized Agencies i An assessment of what effect our withdrawal from the ILO might halve on our participation in other UK specialized agencies must deal with ' hree principal considerations the natur'e and purposes of these agencies1 the extent to which h problems we face in these organizations are common I and the extent to hich they are eli fferen t and how we participate and make decisions in each of these organizations For purposes of thiS'assessment the following·three major specialize6 agencies are sele ted for comparison the Food and Agriculture Drganiz tion FAO United Nations Educational Scientific and Cultural Organization UNESCO 'lorld Health Qrganization n· HO '- '1' - FAD The FAO had its origins in the UN Conference on Food and Agriculture held at Hot Springs Va in 1943 It was formally established in ·l T by·- repiesentat·b-ve s of 37 governments I including the U s 1 '1 I J i 1 j -' Tp e _purposes for 'hich the FAO ' vas ·established are to raise levels of nutri t ion and standards of living t o secure impr'ovements in the efficiency of production and di tribution of food an agricultural products The policY1naking body of FAO is the bienniel conference BetHeen' sessia ns of the conference a 42-Ir ember council elected by the c l - erence car ies on the program of 'iOr approvec by conference RJ O'b-lem --a·reas include introduction of political issues ant iIsrael resolution and sharp increases in the organiz tion's budget UNESCO ' 'I 1 'j ·1 Plans for th establishment of UNESCO began in 1942 with U S participation The UN SCO constitution came into force in 1946 The U S became a member 'in 1946 ' i The purpose of UNESCO is to contribute to peace and security by promoting collaboration among member states in the fields of educat on science and culture The major body is the b enniel generai conference composed of all members which makes general policy and approves a detailed program of activities ' A 40-member Executive Board elected by ·the confer enc acts for the conference between its sessions t' ' j '1 Problem areas include substantial budget increase's and political issues--preventing Israel from full participation and proposed action olhich would inhibit free f10 ' of information These issues led to i thholding of funds by the U s ReCE ilt developments r ave correct· ' c these trends suffici ently to perm t resumption 1n the payment of U s contributions - ' - ' ' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 CO 641 703 6 IED U S Department of State Case No F- 2 01 6U-olS'7 7k43 r M --- ' - - --- - - - ---­ Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 2 WHO The establishment of WHO in i948 was the result of efforts initiated at the UN Conference in 1945 with the U S playing a leading role U S membership 'dates from 1948 • - ' i ' ' ' ' The puipose of the organization is the attainment by all peoples of the highest possible level of health WHO acts as a coordinator on international public health Wo tr stimulates programs 'to eradicate disease promotes adoption of international standards with respect to food biological and pharmaceutical products and other health related programs The policymaking body is the Annual Assembly ' Thich determines broad policy and approves the program of t ork The assembly elects a 30-member Executive II oard which represents the assembly between sessions Propl m areas include budgetary as nti-Israer resolutions expansion and political issues such This prief xamination of these three specialized agencies indicates the similarities and differences between the ILO and other specialize agen iBS A major difference is that other specialized agencies are governmental organizations The ILO is unique in that it is tripartite which affects in a fundamental way its organizational structure and the v ay in vlhich the U S conducts its participation As regards structure it should be noted that the ILO Governing Body has a higher degree of authority than most other major specialized agencies The ILO Constitution defines separate roles for the conference the Governing Body and the Office The relationship is an interlockinc one of checks and balances rather than that of a hierarchy Other major specialized agencies do n'ot have non-elective seats on their executive boards comparable to the 10 states of chief industrial importance The UN Security Council comes closest in his regard The major purposes of each specialized agency are rather car fully defined The purposes of the ILO are different from those of other agencies although in some areas may be complementary There is nothing to compare'with the human rights conventions and the supervisory machinery to implement ILO conventions in the work of other specialized agencies 1hile some political issues are common in the ILO and other specializ agencies anti-Israel resolutions by and large the major issues in the ILO the four points in the Kissinger letter do not 'face us in other·specialized agencies - - - •• -- - - '-' ' 90- - • - •• --- • ' --'-'-- 7 0 ' - - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No • • F'i r '- ---a --' Jtr 7' C064' 1 '70 36 · J i j • f ' Date 10 11 2017 ••• - - y co 641 7 0 3 6 IED Department of St te C e NO 'F-201 6-07743 ' Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 - i ' I ' ' ' r --' ' ' ' - • •• _ i • i I • I 3 - The conclusions which may be drawn' from this brief analysis are the following 1 U S wi thdra 'al from the ILO r ''ihich wou'ld certainly affect the work of the ILO 'lOuld not affect the work of other specia'lized agencies--which basically are different from that of the ILO-in any m jor way 2 u s withdrawal could affect our participation in other s'pecialized agencies in the sense that in demonstrating that He mean 'vhat we say U s positions in these agencies vlOuld be taken more seriously In other respects our participation would not necessarily be affected because of th different purposes of each agency t 'and the different way in ''ihieh decisions are made by the U S in particlpating in the ILO In other specialized agenci s U S decision-making is a purely governmental affair In the ILO governmqnt control of this process is circumscribed because of the joint p ticipation of worker and employer representatives 3 E perience indicates that major problems affecting U S participation in one agency do not necessarily spill over into other agencies The seripup problems affecting U s participation in the ILO in the earl 1970's which resulted in withholding our con- tributions had no effect on our participation in other agencies The recent problems in UNESCO which also resulted in withholding the U S contributions ·did not affect our participation·in other agencies There is no reason hy· problems in one agency cannot be confined to that agency if that is what 'le wish to do UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06417036 Date 10 11 2017 I I i· i·' J ' i ' r j t - r' ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445854 Date 12 11 2017 ' I ' 1 1'£' i - - r - RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE W•• hlnglon D C 20S'20 LIMI ED OFFICIAL USE November 3 1978 D ISSENT CHANNEL MEMORANDUM TO LVHR -' LI ___---- --__ FROM SIP - Anthony SUBJECT Your Dissent Channel Message South Africa's Presence in Namibia 86 J La Tha k you for sharing your views with us In accordance with Dissent Channel distribution procedures '1 have i orwa rded a copy of your message to the Of ice of the Secretary the Under Secretary for Political Affairs the Executive Secretary of the Department the Ch irman of the Open Forum the Assistant Secretary for African Affairs the Assistant Secretary for Human Rights and Humanitarian Affairs the Legal Adviser and Ambassador Young I can assure you that your views will be given proper consideration by those involved as we·continue to deal with the diffic'ult problems posed by the situation n Namibia and South Africa's role in it Your use of the Dissent Channel is to be commended ' ' ' LIMITED OFFICIAL' USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445854 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446330 Date 12 11 2017 IRELEASE IN PART 86 - Departlne11 t oj'State PAGE 01 ACTlOI BUEIIOS sms 01 Of 02 J12248Z 2988 150-00 SSO·OS ISS4 II ·················-060416 1122511 161 o 112205Z AUG 78 Fn AHEH8ASSY GUEIIDS AIRES TO SECSTATE VASHDC IHHEDIATE 980 9 II F I a II BUENOS om TELEGRAM '01 or 1I21m THU HASSERA BE IIIVITED liAS RELEASED IIITH A SHDRT HUSSY COHHEtlT OF IIOl eURREllCE S E PARA 6 REFfEL Bl ON AUGUST S ADHIRAl LUCHEnA IIIFORIIED POlCH THAT IF ARGEIITIIiE IIAVY DID HDT RECEIVE POSITIVE REPLY IIITHIII A lIEEK TO THE REQUEST FOR All I IVIfATlOII FOR ADIIiRAL nASSERA ARGEIITlIlE PAR lCI ATlOIl 11 THE VllliAS EX£RCISE 1I0ULD BE CAIICHLED HE HOTED IHAT ARGENTIIIE NAVY SAil UllIlAS PRIMARILY AS A POLITICAL EVEHT Oil AUGUn 01 SHORT HESSAGE FRon CtlO TO NAVAL ATTACHE HERE liAS RECEIVED DECLIIIIIIG TO ISSUE IHVlTATlOIl ON BASIS or Enmsys COMENT IREF CI IIIFO OCT-91 ES·Sl • TAL SECTlOIl I OF 2 SUEIIOS AIRES 62lS 01 SSENJ CHAIIIIEL E O IIGH GDS TAGS SKUll RH IIPOl pl n SUBJECT PROPOSED VISIT TO IIASIIIIIGTOII BY ARGENTII E NAVY JUIITA HEIIBER AND CIIIC hASSERA REF A USDAO nESSAGE 0212332 AUG 18 OIOlAlI 8 BUEIIOS AIRES 5899 CJ ClIO 16UI5Z AUG 18 J DISSEIIT CKAlIIIEl IIESSAGE THE FOUOI IIIG IS AM ANALYSIS AIID RECOIU1EIIOATIOU REGARDING THE PROPOSRL FOR THE US CH m OF IIAVAl OrERATI OilS TO IllY ITE ARGEIIT IIIE NAVY JUNTA HEIIBER AOHIRAL IIRSSERA TO THE US fOA AIID OFFICIAL VISIT PREPARTEb BY POLITICAL iJFFICE THIS HESSAGE HAS IIOT SEEil ClEARED WIlH '- T HE ----' VAR OUS ELElIEliTS OF THIS HISS ION AIID IT REPR£SEIIIS SOLELY A PERSOIIAL VIE ORAfTER DESIRES OISTRIIUTIOII TO ARA HA CliO AIID USC lICSO C J 2 ISSUE •••• REtIRING ARGEnTiIlE JUlitA H EnBER AIIO IIAvr CIIIC ADHIRAl HASSERA HAS REQUESTED A SERVICE TO SERVICE IIIVITAIIOII FROII THE US CHIH OF IIDVAI O fRDrIDHS PRIO 10 HIS RETIREHEln ABOUT SEPTEHBER n 1918 TaE us CIIO'S RESPONSE TO TilE IIiVITATfOIl REQUEST IREF CI 5HOULD HAYE TUEU 11110 ACCOUIIT A IIUHBER OF COn LltArtD POLITICAL fACTORS WHICH HAVE SEElI DISCUSSED Ar GREAT lElIGTH IIIlHIN THE EHBASSY III BUEnos IRES SUT IIHICH HAVE 1I0T BEEU ADDR£SSEO IH A MESSAGE TO THE otPARI Ellr nOR In EHSASSYS SHORT COHIIEHT TO THE nlllTARY GROUPS MESSAGE TO THE eND AIID USCUICSO IIIEF BI DIScU$SIOII ••• THE SURfACE ISSUE IS IIHETHER ADn IRAl HASSERA SHOULD BE IIIVIlED TO THE US AS A GUEST OF THE CH IEF DF IIAVAL OPERATlOIIS HOUEVER THE UIIDERL YIIIG ISSUE IS HOI tHE USG SHOULD DEAL VITH THE ARG£t11 WE RAVY AIID THE ARGEnilUE POLITICAL OPPOSITtOU nASSERA BE lUG LlADIIIG REPR£S£II1ATlVE OF BOTHI THE' PAOBlEn FOR THE POLICY HAKER IS tHAT tKT£lIDIHG THE II1mAtioN YIlL DISTURB THE ARKY IIU1ER CORE IIHO HAVE IKE FIliAL SAY HERE BUT 1I0T EXT£IlDIIIG THE IIIVITATIOI IIIll AUGER THE IlAVY AIID HASSERA IIHO HAVE BtEli AOVOCATUIG III1TIAtlVES III LIIIE IIITH OUR HUHA RIGHrS POLICY OBJECIIVES '5 THIS QUESTIOn IS FillED IIITK STRAIIHEII ARGUHEIlTS · HERE 'A E A FEll FOR UrEllOIl1G tHE I VlJAlIOII AI 1I0T TO EXTEnD THE IlIVITUlOIi llll BE SEEN BOTH AS AnOTHER SLAP AT THE IIAVY AnD FURTHER COrrrlRHAflOIi THAT THE USG AIIO THIS HSASSY ARE J IlIED TOIIARDS THE ARHYS VIDElA·VIOlA pallER • CEftT£A BI nASS£RA IS TKE IIOST CAPABLE RESOURCEFUL 3 BACKGROUIID ••• IN EARLY JUlY IIAVY DE UTY SECRETARY GEIIERAL LUCKETTA APPROACHED EHSASSY all POLITICAL LEVEl TO DISCUSS ARRAlIGIIIG IIEETIlIGS rOR ADHIRAl lIASSERA IIIlH SEll lOR USC OHICIA S DURIIIG PROPOSED PRIVATE VISIT TO THE UIIITED STAIES'AT COIIClUSlon Of HASSERAS VISIT TO VfHE1UELA LOCAL PRESS III HIO JUL T C RRIED STORY THAT HASSERA PLAIIHEO TO UIIOERGO EXTEIISIVE EoICAL EXAnlliATlOIl AT VALIER REED HotPITAL •• OII JULY 19 LUCHETTA CAllED ON AMBASSADOR REGARD IHG ARRAIIG IIIG US HEETlIIGS AIID IU ABSEIICE DEPARTED EIICOURAGEHENI SAYIIIG Ht 8ElIUCD VISIT 1I0ULD BE CAIICELLCO SUBSEQUEIITl Y LUCHETTA IIlFQRhEO EHBASSY POLOFF TIAT lASSERA VISIT HAD BEEII CAUto 'OfF 011 PRETEXT OF POLItICAl PROaLEHS ARISIlIG FROM ElIln BAlIKS CREDif REFUSAL NAVY THEH TURN EO FROII EHBASSY TO US IIAvr CHlllII LS TO PURSUE THE IlVITATIOII THE IIEXT OAr OII'JUlY 10 ADHIRAL IIAS5ERA IIIFORllto J8E US IIAVYS 1lITARY GROUP COMnAIiDER THAT HE WLO LIKE TO RECEIVE All IIIVlTATIOII fRan THE CHIEf OF lAVAL OPERA riOIlS TO VISIT T E US AS HEAD OF THE ARGEII1INE IIAVY PRIOR TO HIS RETlRElIENT 011 S£PlEHSER 1$ InB THE FOllOl lUG lAY ADnlUL LUCHETfA REP ArtD THE REQUEST FOR All I NVITAT I 011 TO US IlAVY ILGROUP CHIEF 011 AUGUST J AFtER CONSIOERA8L£ DISCUSSIOII IIITHIII THE HBASSY A PERSONAL T£l£GRAn FRail THE rORIlER US IIAVY tllleRP CHIEF TO THE CliO AlID USCIIICSO R CD HEIIDIHG eONF 'DENT f AL ' _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - r _ __I _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _______ ----- ----_ __ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F·2016-07743 Doc No C06446330 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446330 Date 12 11 2017 - f 1I I I un f el a l ij ·el1 i 'ojt State COpy PAGE 01 • SUEIIDS 062l$ 02 OF 02 ACT 1011 S ·21 I12H01 s'01 ISO-OO 550'00 1004 II • ····_··_· __ ····_·-060297 o 1122061 AUG 18 11 AHEIIBASSY BUtuOS AIRES TO SECStAT£ IIASHOC IIlnEo I AlE SUI 2910 a E II TELEGRAM 02 Of 02 112240Z THE CliO SHOULD PRmRASl Y EXtElID THE IIIV1fATI Oil R l TERIIAT VEl Y COIIVEV A 'GOlOEII TURIIDOllll IIIIH A fERSOllAL LETtER AIID OR PHOIIE CALL EXPRESSIIIG KOPE lH T TUTURE hEEtlllGS CAli BE ARRAlloto IIIIH tHE CliO AIIO mllOH StArt OEPARTIIEIIT orFicl IS III AOOITIOII lftE CliO SHOULD COif SIDER A I EARLY flIVITAT OIl TO HASSERA'S SUCCESSOR ADlllAAl LAIISRUSCHIUI IIIKOSE OAUGHlCR liAS KECEilILY KILLED III SOIlB ATTACK HEREI IIIFO OCT'OI COli F I 8UEIIOS 05215 UOllliliO mZ5U 152 T I A L SECTIOII 2 OF 2 8U IIOS tIRES 15 DI SSEIIt eRAIIIIEE 1llTE1lIGCIH IIO CHARIS AIIC POLITICAL FIGURC III ARGEIITIIIA TODAY OlE IS ALSO All OVERLY AIIBITIOUS PROIHSE'YHEII'AIIYlHIIIG POLITICIAII IIITHOUT AllY FIRII IDEOLOGICAL C Sl l THAT THE USG SHOUlO CUL T VAfE PROIIIHWT ARGEIITIIIE OPPOSI11011 POLItiCAL lEADERSHIP IS AGREED THIS EIISAUr HAS JUST RECOII IEIIOEO THAT THE DEPARTnEl1l liECEIV£ fORnER ARGEl TlIlE PRESIOWT 1 IIUSSE DURIIIG HIS PRIVATE VISIT TO tHE US At tHE ASSISTAln SECRETARY ltVEl DUE TO HIS IIIP0RTAliCE AS A FUTURE POLITICAL LEADER sa nUEl os AIRES 59321 ASSER IS nUC HOllE POL mCAll Y IIIPORIAIIT He HAS CAREFULLY CULlIVATea 1I10E SUPPORT AHOIIG FORHER PEROIIISTS YRADE DillON LEADERS AIID OTHER SIIAttER 01'1'051TI01l GROUPS HE IS IIIP0RTAilT AIID SHOULD BE CUl TIVATEO IIOT DUEIIOEO CI hAS5ERA HAS TAK£U THE HAD IIITHIII THE JUIITA AIID IIICREASIIIGIY 11 PUBLIC to SUPPORT KEY ISSUES TIED 10 PROYIIIG THE HunAII RIGHTS SnUAtlOIl In ARGEHfl A speCIfiCALlY HE HA$ URGED THM THE nIL ITARY FonCES RECOGHIZE PUBLICLY THEIR SECREt PRISO IERS THAT tHE IIITER-AlIERICAII HUHAII RIGHtS COIIMISSIOII BE IIIVI1 O to VISIT ARGEllTlHA tHAT TKE JUIIU HAND DOWII FlRn SClltEIICES OR RtLEASE PERSDIIS BE IIIG HElD UIIDER EXECUTIVE llETEIIl OJl BY TKE GOYERIIHEIIT'S StATE OF SIEGE POIIERS OR BY ITS BILL GF AlTAllIDER AUTHORITY UIIDER THE ACtA IIISlIlUCIOIIAl THAI JACOBO TlnERnAlI BE RtLHSEO AHD HOST IIIPORtAllTL Y HE HAS PUBl ICL Y PROPOSED tHAT THE nllllARY SERVICE PUBLISH A LIST OF -'HOSE KillED III BAttlE IN TKE liAR AGAIIIST SUBVERSIOII IIASSERA HAS TAKEI THESE PDSlT OIlS BECAUSE HE HIVES THEY ARE GOOO POLITICAL ISSUES III RGEIIfIllA BUT THEY ARE ALSO PROPOSALS tHAt I SUPPoaT AS Hn £lEnEIITS III OUR HunAN RIGHTS EFFORTS HERE A flAt Oil-lEVEl REJECTlOI Of THE NAVY-lo·nAVY VISIT 6Y THE OIiIY OFfICIAL IU THE JUnTA 1 110 IfIDEPEIIOEIIlU HAS SUPPORTED A lUI BU or OUlt KEY OL ICY COIICERIIS HERE IIlVllES PERHAPS 'DEnAIIDSI lESS FUIURE EffORT FRon HIH all IHES ISSUES I SHOULD BE RECDGIIIUIIG AIID EIICOURAGIIIG HIS ACIIOIIS J COIiCLUSIOfl THE hAJOR ISSUE IIKICH TIllS RUSIIEO e BLE ODES 1I0T AODiij SS IS Hall THE USG SHOULO DEAL I ITH OPPOSITIOIf AIID HUIIAII RIGHTS GROUPS I ARGElIl iliA TO PI OHOTE OUR UHM RIGHTS AIID ofHtH POLICY OBJECTIVES IIASS RII 1$ OPElllY STAnTIIIG All OPPOSITIDII HOVEHEIIT HERE HE IS SPEAK IIG EVERYDAY CAREFUllY SEPARATlIIG KlnSElf fROII THE VIDlIA GOVEA tl Oil IVa ISSUES IHE ECoilOIlY AIID POtHICAI 1I0RHALI1AT10lf HE '1I0 OOUST SEES A HIGH VISiBIlITY VISIT 10 IHE US AS Of InpORTA ICE TO KIS POLITICAl PlAHS OUR RESPonSE SHOULD 6E CAREFULLV TAILORED BY IKE FUTURE DIPLOMATIC PATKS 11£ IIllL IIISH TO fOLlOII KERE AT A IIIIIIIIUII liE SHOULD HtEP OUR om ONS opm OUR COLD SHOULDERIlfG or THE nASSEAA IIIVIIAtlOIf IS IIOT tHE SKillfUL RESPOIIS£ I DELI EVE THE SITUAlIOII OEIIAUOS EIIO I£SSAGE CASTRO t J 01 AllHOUGH THE IlIHY ifill HOT BE PLEASED III TH A nASSERA or GOA POLICY TOIIAROS TNt US III COO u'ARISOIf TO THE US'S ClOSIfIG DOVII THE EXIIIIIII OOIlll ASSlstAIIT SECRETARY DERIAIIS'S StRAIGHt fORIIARO TEStlliOIlY 011 ARGEIITlIIA 011 AUGUST S AIIO tHE UPCOllllfG KUnPHREYKEIIIIEOY AHElIonEIIT IIKICH ifiLL ClOSE IHE 1IIlITARY 'SUPPlY DDORS 'All INVITAtlOIl to MASSERA lILl 8E A SHAll EVEIII fELT PRIIICIPAUY AHOIIG IHE ARGEIITIIIE AAIIY'S LEAOERSH IP SUT A REJEClIOI' UIIlESS HOST CAREfU lY HAIIOLEO COULD 11£11 BE All EHBltt RIfIG EVENT FOR tHE ADnIRAL II VIT ATI 011 IT IIlll flOT BE A nAJOR DtTERnlllElit 6 ' RECDlfHEIlDATlOfl-- AIIIOST All tHE stRAIIHEII THERE IS Oil 'R UEH HT HICH SUI OS QUT EIfTlEnEN fAr-o ESPECIALLY OIPlonAIS AIID lAVAL OFfICERSI NEVER UIIINTENTIOI ALLT INSULT fOn OVER A HOMTH HtHE AIID IU IIASH INGTOI' THE ARGEIfTilIE IfAVY HAS BEEII SIGIfAlIlfG FOR'SOIlE SORT OF A nASSERA VISIT 11£ ARE PROPOSinG A CURT RESPONSE SI EPII G ASIDE ALL THE ARGUKEUTS 1 £ ARE A80UT TO IHSUL t IPUHAPS UllflfTEllTlOIIALLYI THE AOHIRAI AIIO IHE ARGENTINE N4VY 11£ CAR 00 BETTER _- '- - ---_ _- ------- CONFIBENTIAl --- -- - - - ---- -- - - ----- -- ___ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446330 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476753 Date 01 11 2018 _ - • _ _ _ _ - _ _ ••• • LIMITED OFFICIAL 'USE Departlnent of State PAGE 01 ' ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-OI 141689 STATE IRELEASE IN PART 86 EUR-12 ADS-DO 55-15 EB 08 DRAfTED BY SIP LJ TRACY Vf APPROV O BY SIP PHKRE ISB'ERG DESIRED DISTRIBUTION ONLY S 'S S p fUR EURINE A D EB FSE ES-al _ • •0 -_ _ _ _ _ •• _ _ _ _ 0 _ OUTGO ING' ' TELEGRAM y 1852 1039 R 5 P ------------------017131 0223U3Z 175 R 021415Z JUN 79 fM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY STO'CKHOLM LI'MITEO OFFICIAL USE SlATE '14 1689 FOR if ROM I '------' E O 1206 5 TAG S' EN RG SU8jE9T REF A B6 LAKE NI A I EA 5 VI B6 DISSENT MESSAGE ST0 CKH0 LM 2 20 9 B S10 CKH0 L M 2 2· 3 8 THIS 1ST 0 AC1 N0 WL EDGERE CE I PT 0F YOU R 0 ISS ENT ME SSAG E REGARDING US POLICY TOWARD THE SWEDISH REOUEST FOR TRIGGERING Of THE lEA SHARING A·GREEMENT KARIN LISSAKER5 DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF SIP IS COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN KEEPING WITH DEPARTMENT REGULATIONS ON DISSENT ME'S SAG ES WE FOR VA RDED A e0 PY 0F REf B TOT HE f 0L L 0 V I NG OFFICES S SIS P EUR EURINE AND EB FSE I COMMEr D YO R USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL VANCE - ---- I -- w__---- __Ll I-TE O O_FF IG I AL U-SE -- ----___ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476753 Date 01 11 2018 I' UNCLASSIFIED ·U S Department f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 'II U'·eM u J- t t·'·r ·' ··'d y Il l rw' ' n h I iik g The j ' b ' 3 iRELEASE IN FULLI diary discusses e ampl 's by· no means all of them of our Western -allies' letting us dO ln'at the 63rd ILe When Western support is used as an' example of' our in reforming the ILO it needs ·to be put into context 'success'l of several factors A ' Voting 1 At ILO conferences Erior to our notice of withdra'ilal we had few Westerners voting 'Tith us since November 1975 we have fairly consistently had a hard core we could count on because of our threat of withdrawal I ' • '__ E _ - -- - r - ' -' ' '--' - This is not the kind of support we were seeking and Amb Silberman told our • M C O J J2 '1 k t• v I fr iends this in early 197 see a ra J EXD S telegram 'f j- These votes obtained under 99% votes cast whe a dures 'are as meaningless as the gover ment is' elect d in the I on Curtain countries 2 We have been guilty of causing erosion of tripartism on our side just as much as the radicals have' on their side We have gotten the votes of government worker and employer representatives· from Western ountries as a solid bloc within each delegation because of the political pressure of our notice of withdrawal While it is gratifying to have gotten the votes that we did we cannqt use a double standard by crit cizing the adicals for press ring ther eie ates into • non-t iparti bloc voting against us yet accepti g bloc voting as a plu 13' Other when it is in our favor Activity A vote ·should be the last step taken in support of a particular objective it should 'be preceded by weeks and months of prepar tion lobbying making demarches holding·tripar it UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 2 meetings of e ch country's delegation to decide 9n policy and tactics taking jnitiatives 'in regional group meetings to 'plan strategy seeking chairmanships of key conunittees ' coor dinating with allies before making speeches etc The Westerneis either failed to do these things at all or did them only in response to the pressure of our threat of withdrawal and even then needed sp cif c goading by the USDEL When hey did get invol ve'd I they usually did the minimum required did it late and or did it unenthusiastically comment Someone w o wants t defend the minimal and reluctant role of our allies mig-ht say after all this was an American battle and we could not expect our alIi s to do more than provide supporting fire Yet this is the very situation -lhich led to the letter of intent namely that it has been the US hich has been fighting protesting l lobbying etc in the ILO while our allies held our coat In past years our allies have told us that they ·lished to avo id' confrontation a d therefore they gaVe in to G-77 sovi et because ' '1e pre sure The ietter of intent was issued felt that one compromise after another had place to the point where there 'las left of the ILO as we had origin lly intent said to our allies taken ' soon'g ing joined it to be little The letter of IIhere we draw the line no more com romises no more avoidance of the issues i no more le aving the US· to fight alone Are you 'with us UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2916-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 ' 3 The answer from our demonstl - ated a e 'e allies s With' you 'to the extent that ' e will do the absolute minimum which may I O We their actions not words esult in your staying in the do not agree vith you on substance and or tactics and 've resent being badgered and hectored mr 2t having to stand up and be counted' It wo I The t S s allies Canada and the UK whom ole would have expected o give us the strongest support have been most outspoken' in disagreeing' with' us Maim·faring Canada told Dan in my presence last'year that canada does not agree with us on the most fundam tal is ue -- structure of the GB -- but would support the US position in order to keea us in the ILO z- 1aim raring broke ranks rith us on structure in the last dClYS of the conferenc The British Goyernment d legate said to me twice in March at the Governing Body that his government would decide the issues to support the US or only after 'le told them hether the UKls support would keep us in the ILd the implication was that if the US wasn't· going to stay why bother attitude This necessitated a special trip to the UK by Dan in the middle of the March GQverning Body to get across to our ally that we wanted support based on agreement with us not support desfgned to keep us in UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 _ - - - - - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431699 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' ' ' The fact ' 4 tha Lan K 7kland says ' the AFL-CIO is satisfied I with' the Western support we got i$ interesting but not 'decisive since unfortunately it was not the AFL-CIO but the us Qovernme t which mad e world-wide demarches and vhichhas repeatedly told our allies we wanted support based on agreement on furldamental principles not suppor t u r er threat of our wi thdra'ival It is th US Government which must assess its O vn degree o satisfaction with the results we cannot shrug our shou gers and say if Meany is happy why sJ to'uld we worry II The tJSG has interests and concerns beyond thos e of 16th Street The US Government conclu ion about Western support it was minimal provided under duress a d transitory Such ' t'support 'does not jus·tify· our staying in the ILO and our 1 ' s· Western allies 'lere told by Amb Silberman I at the beginning of our reform effort They were'gi en fair a ning about what criteria we would use in our test ' l They failed' the test UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476171 Date 01 11 2018 7fI U DEPARTMENT OF STA'TE' Y 7 IRELEASE IN FULLI 0 Februilry J O l l il ffl T CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT -r ro C ' i t J TO M DG FROl-1 ' r en n - Ms ' Clark SIP - Paul WOlfowitzPW _r- n SUBJECT ' Dissent Channel Message l· @ - '0 J ' 1 1 -0 -4 « I c - 1 'rJ Attached is a Dissent Channel message recently submitted by a 'Foreign Service Officer under t he Foreign' 'Affair's Manual procedure on airinq dissenting iews on policy issues In brief the chief objective of the Dissent Channel which was founded by Secretary Rogers in 197 1 is to bring to light policy vie s wnich may not otherwise c me to the attention of policy makers As Director of the Policy Planning staff I am charged with the responsibility of supervising the functioning of the Dissent Channel and protecting the right to nissent The Chairman of the Secretary's Open Forum monitors the Dissent Channel 'Dissent Channel messages are initially distributed to the Secretary the Executive Secr etary and those principals who I believe would 'be interested in the policy issue addressed the drafter's desires for distribution are taken into account In the future you will receive other Dissent 'Channel messages from Foreign Service Officers on a variety of subjects In the past messages have averaged about 12 to 15 a'nnually I urge you to consider the 'authors' views carefully As is evident from this message a fair amount of time and effort was expended by the officer in'drafting this message and he is entitled to a careful thorough response ' A member of my staff will be assigned responsibility for preparing a substantive reply to the author after weighing h s points carefully and will be in contact with the appropria'te officer in your bureau' for' clearances • If you o members of your staff have questions about the Dissent Channel in general or this message in particular please contact either SIP Special Assistant Edward OIDonnell 22972 or Open Forum Chairman George Dragnich ' 28790 Attachment Dissent message CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476171 Date 01 11 2018 - iNCLASS IFIEb - ro ' u s Department of State CaseNo F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431502 Date 11 13 2017 N'IB NTZA P D 8 'UCHAR 01453 i ilaDi E-I CT D f 1 INPa 41 as ap • li j i 119 • $'0 ••••••••••• - _ iiii v' C •• '22SZ MAY 8 l'M 'HSMOA I' eUCHAR IT ' _ fa 'Ece' TE· WASH De tMH DtIT ' '31 e· i RELEASE IN PART 86 2 DCT ei B N p' 'R B la B II N f • i A Lt BUCHAREST' - • IIsa e · a ea' DZSSINT CHANNEL DRA't%NG b 'Z I EQu f' A alkNQ A c il 'ICNETA V' ta t · CO'lll TO THII ACr%NG SICRIT GI ANQ CCUNC DR' b 11ee i GOa TAil P'OIl EfWT' IrRD UI RQ •• IUIJICTi u a-aOHANZAN L ONGaT M ICQNC tc INDUIT ZlL AND T eH CAL CCC'IRATZDN AGW M NT' RE ITACia aUCijAR 'T TiI EG 6H NOV a i i Killi R YI rT BUCHAREST' 2111 VIETI LORIMER TELICON O A NI I' ili i AD i ' I 11' ' ' JCONOMIC SECTiON AMEMsiaiv aUCHA aT 2 PR08LI i N BCriATicN NiT ijOR ON ONP 'IRM COO IRAiioN_ AGREEMENT TO BIDIW IN IUCH IIT AV l' CUIRINr UID DRA 'I NaH WH C WE CAN Irp IO 1 RITRE'T O I %TTL ' ONOM%C os 'OLI ZCA VAL UE T US DANGER D' HIILEADING AM lft N BU81Nela GOR tN ROLE apr utTOR tN THle NeGOTIATION' NeULO RIAP r II %T%CA DAINS _IN IT BALA C NtJ ACT WITH USIA WITHOUT' CCNC OS G UC TO uta NI T ER IMIAaav NOR WASHiNITON WORKZNG LavaL' BUREAUCRACY W%LLING TO dl'LO%T OUR_AOVA T GlaUI_ 'OaITZg BY HARDINING TIRMI BECAUIE THly 'IRCI Y' THAT' yoU AND TH 'PS DINT' ARI 'R IIINQ OR Iwl' CONCLusION Opr AGREEMENT 3 eACKDRQUNDi i 8Tibis T Lr A tcO'Y aT 'ltAi WD I MeAIS¥ 1 1 ' 'IYT O R%N' YOUR NOYE I a-'l l ' YIllT'Ta BUCHA ST' DSRlcrrD THAT A'TIR NTRV INTO ORC TRAe eON'IO H'IAL w UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431502 Date 11 13 2017 86 ' _ • • I't - • • f' '7 UIG DIIA'''' HCULDI ADDRI a 'Zrl Lr TO I'UNDAHINT L DZI' R'NCI' % ' ICONDMIC aY r CURRENT'AMIRICAN INDU'TNJt KASCS AVI L GUID P 'f ANDl COO ENA'ZON IN' ROMANSI C' NI A eeN rD H'IA • • t- i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431502 Date 11 13 2017 ' • t l' t 1 t - f _- - _ -------- ' ' -w J L - I' - J ' J f • J - - - - -_ _ _ _ • __ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743_J2oc No C06431502 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445643 Date 12 11 2017 iRELEASE IN PART 861 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washlnelon D C 20520 September 24 1974 Dear Mr Lord When you make distribution of my dissent pap er I request that it be made available not only to appropriate offices in the Department of State such as EB AV'but a so to the Department of Commerce Attn Mr R ul Meyer and to EXIM Commerce has the ultimate responsibility for deciding wh ther to issue the export license after the State Department has given notice that it has no o 3ections EXIM has been requested by the Government of Gabon to provide financing of the Sale Both Gove nment agencies are aware of the State Departm nt's long scrutiny of the sale of both the first and second DC-8s and of the Rhodesian problem It seems to me to be in the interest of the US Government as a whole to make sure that any agency making a decision on this issue is aware of' all the facts and of the arguments concerning the interpretation of these facts Otherwise decisions made by Commerce EXIM might be made on an inadequate knowledge of the situation 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc NO C06445643 Date 12 11 2017 -------------------------- CO 641547 3 IED P U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641S473'-Date 10 11 20'17---'- - · LIMIT£ · OFFICIAL USE URGENT S P MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-8-77 S P TLAKE S P-Of NBOYER S P GAUSTIN SIP ONLY ROUTINE DAMASCUS STAnIS D'ISSENT lHANNEL FOR i F R O M TONY LAKE-SIP 86 E O 11652 GDS TAGS PfOR IS SUBJECT REf ' ' ' DISSENT·CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE DAMASCUS 1482 1 'THIS WILL' ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAff HAS BEEN AMED COORDINATOR 1M CHARGE Of A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN' ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATE'D DISTRIBUTION fOR DISS ENl MESSAGES YOUR r£SSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OffICES Of THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND· THE CHAIRMAN Of THE OPEN fORUM A WELL AS T8E BUREAU OF NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN AFfAIRS ' THE BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH AND· r1 As · EiRUT _·WE 'COi1'r-1'EN'j ·yOUR· USE'-Of - - - · t DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY' __ __ _ _ __ L UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C0641S'4-73 Date 10 11 2017 LJMITfD OFFICIAL USE ACTION PAGE lit CT ION SP-32 INFO OCT- I SA IT A Bl5Lj ES-Sl ISO-SO HI OF Dl 1 9 SArmA 8lG23 B62818Z 1« I EXPECTEO TO BE COI SUL TED BY THE I4BASSAOOR BEfORE fINAL DECISIOIIS COflCWUIIG USIS 'Iim f IADE SUitt HE HAD TOLD E IN IS OHICE AT THE OUTSET OF THE PARM III E ERCIS lHAT WE l1lULD HA E SUCH A DISCUSSIOII THERE ARE SEVERAL POSSIBLE XPHIIATIOfiS y SUCH A I rUIIIG DID rIO PLACE I E •• THEAMBASSADOR PERHAPS LATER DHIOED SIAPIS ReSTRICTIONS PREVEHTED HlIl HOM TALKinG m T E USIS STAFfiNG WT RECOMl EiIOATIOUS WITH LIE HE COULD HAVE fORGOTiEN OUR COHYERSArlOU OR HAVE HAD SOME OIHER msou HONtVEP II IS A fACT THAT t DID IIOT liEEr AND HE WAS RElYIHG TH OUGHOUT THE EXERCISf ON PAPERS WRITlEII BY ME TO lIEl IBERS OF THE STATE OEPARTMEHT PARIl I i TASK FORCE lnOT SUBMITTED BY IJE TO IHE AMBASSADOR AS IIICORRECTL Y STUEO In THE 1 REBUTlAtI f a HIS IUrORl IHlON 011 USIS StAFFING ArID 'ERE CUT5 If IIECESSAliY SHOULD SE H DE 01 SSEHT CHAutlEL EO 111S2 NA TAGS -• SUBJ OISSEIIT C P lI El tlESSAGE COI l1 HTS 011 REBUTTAL TO OISSEHT CHMmEl ItrSSAGE SAIITIAGO l523 Rf PART I OF PARIJ SAIIT AGO 4556 I THE DRAFTER Of TN I S ESSAGE lsi PUBLI C AFFA IRS US IS THE OR AfTER 0 '0 5 - 1O' I W IS H Y O'-- R' 'E ST '8 1c' ' DISTRIBUIIOfl Or THIS MESSAGE HE SUGGESTS THAT OlSTRI6UlIon BE UADE TO THE DIRECTOR OF USIA THE ASSISTAnT DIRECTOR'Of USIA lATilI AliEiICAI THE ASSIHAHT SECRHARY OF SfAI£ FO CUL TURAL AFFAIRS THE ASSISTAlll HCRETARY OF STATE FOR lllERH'£RICAH AFfAIRS IH ADDITIOn HE SUGGEST OISTRIBUTIOU TOGETHER IIIlH HIS OBI lIfAL DISSEIlT UESSAGE SANTIAGO 4Hil TO THE SlATE DEP RmEUT CH I LE OESX AIIO AllBASSAOOR POPPER ' II IT IS JUST THIS SORT OF PROCEDURE THAT I WAS OBJECTIIIG 10 PHILOSOPHICALLY III LIY CABLE SlATING THE fACT THAI THE AM9ASSADOR 0 I 0 IIOT SEEK d'1 COUNSEL HiRDl Y BE lERI £O -A PERSONAL ATlACX 011 THE A BASSADOR· c 2 I REGRET THAT IIY STATE DEnRTIlErlT COLLEAGUES HAVE DE- tiDED TO REPLY TO A CABU fllf ACCOP OIllG TO STAnDARD PROCEDURES AS SET FOP-TM Iff STATE A-JU TO EfiCOURAGE POliCY DISSEfH a ACCU IUG THE DUFU Of I lA I G tAISRE RESEHlAIIONS INftUEllOOS AlID UflFOUIIDED PE SOIlAl TTACKS ON THE Af lBASSAOnR THE OC AnO THE STATE DEPT CO NS i ORS l msm 9 HO 'l VE THE PEJORATIYE LAHGUACE USED III THIS UlSTArIC£ '-'--- J AIID THROUGHOUT THEIR eAaLE III no 'HAY CP IIGES IHE FACTS AS SHiED BY I'E OR I GlNAll y 1l99 LJllmD OFFICIAL USE SEHtOR I Or Z SANTIASO 462 REf BI OF S2 BUTTAl TWI ST I G MY DISSEffT FIlEO O THE eAS IS Of A 0 I FrE ENCE III POL CY AHO HO ' 1HIS ExtRCtSE HAS HAUDlED HERE INTO -A PERSOHAl ATTACH ON THE AllB'SSADOR - 'Ii ------------------8EZom 8m H ISl P B6IWr lU 11 FIA AI WHASSY SAIITI AGO TO SCCSTAiE WASHO PRIORITY INCOMING TELEGRAM Departnlent Of State COpy 86 12 A SUBHEAD IN' THE REBUtTAL IS EIIT TlED PERSOIlAL ATTACK 011 THE OClr THIS P RSOtlAl ATTACK- IS'THiH OEfIA£D AS l lY STATlIIG THAT HE -ORDEHD THE orm COUIISELORS HOT TO TElL UE AT HAD BEEH OICIOED III THE1R LlEETlNG lE USIS PERSOIIIlH CUTS THE Ocu SlAlES HE P F UINOEO YHO r IIIVOl YEa or tHE STAOIS HAlURE' OF TilE EXERCISE THIS SW NTICJL OiffERErlC£ IS THE BAS 15 FOR HIS ACCUSATION OF Pfi SOrlH HUCK lli THE ot 13 -I lEHTlOrrlnC TO IRE OTHER COUIISELO S Ma REPORT DIRECTlY 10 THE OCli THAT THEY SHOULD flOT mEAL 'MAT THEY H O DEClO D TO AllYOIiE OUISIDE THAT ROOM IS T liE A EUPHElAISlJ FnR 'ORDERIIIC I COULD JUST AS EASilY RHE USED rHE VIOP D -CAUTIONED BUT WHETHER THE COUllsnORS WER -OROEHO CAlHiONEO ADVISEe REUIHOEO IT WAS SUGGESI O' OR I'IIIATEYER THE POINT IS THE Dell CAVE THEI l THE MESSACE THilT THIS WAS SIArE OEPART ENI BUSINESS OfIlY THEY KEPT THE I lFORU 1J 1I lROUT THE RECOI i- • lENOED curs IN USIS PEESOfltlEl I ER THEIR lHE nRilFTER OF THE ORIGIrIAl MESSAGE WAS OISSENflnG ON PKIU SOPHIC l GROUIIOS FROM A SlATE OEPARHIENT ItlSl IUCilOK SETllnG FORTH TaE PRECEPTS fOR PAR PART III AHD DiSSENTI lG FRO THE RECOMIIEflDAlIOll$ f iAGt 6Y THIS MISSion UNDER THESE PRECEPTS I'IIi ICH AffECTED US IS CUl rURAL PROGRAIIIIIHS ME WAS AlHMPlIHG TO Gm W ACCURATE PICTURE f IIlIAT TOOX PLACE OURING THE fARM EXERCISE AT THIS POST I HO WAY 010 HE ItlTERO TO MAKE AllY PERSOlfAl ATTACKS lISREPRESEffT THE FACTS flOR IDUlGE III IHI UfUDO IIOR DOES HE BEliEVE HE DID SO Itl HiS CA8lE i I 86 CCuS lG THE DRAfTER Of A 'PUSONAl ATTACK orl THE Dell AND THE A lBASSAOOR DOES HOTHING TO RAISE· IHE lEVEL Of DEBATE ON A SUBSTA TIVE IlA1TEfi liaR Dors IT WCOURAGE THE FREE FLOW Of REASONED DISSENT WIIleH I anlEYE THE OEPART lUIl WISHED TO ENCOURAGE BY ESTABLISHinG THE OISSEtIT CHArmEl I REGR£T THIS REACTION BY THE DRAFTERS OF THE REBUTTAL CABLE Sl £ I HAVE EriJOYEO ExtEHENT PROFESSIONH RELATIONS WI TN THEIl AlIO ESPECIAll Y WITH AlIUSSAOOR POPPER II'HOll THEY C DOSE TO PICTURE s A VICTIIA Of A PERSOIIAt ATTACK BY JAE S 6 NO WAY DO 1 SEE HOW lAY OISSEflT CAU BE REGAROEO AS A 'PERSONAL ATTACK ON THE AMBASSADOR' 1 THE AMaASSADOR ArID I HAD AN Hem Etll PERsoral ANO PROFESSIOUAl REUTIOflSHIP AS REflECTED III UY OER liHlllEN BY HIM SHORTLY SHORE HE lEFT 1HE POST THE AMBJ SSAOOR KNOWS I CONSIDER HIS lOIlG STAn DcPAH EnT CAREER TO BE A DISTINGUISHEO onL AT A FAREWELL BUFFET I I I I i HIS KOflDR BEfORE HIS OEPARTURE AT WIIICR ALL USIS AM R ICAn STAFf WAS PR WIl · I TOASTED Tijl ANBAS SAOOR AS 'Oll Of IHE TIIO flllHT CH'lCfS OF IUSSIOII WITH 'l iOY I HAVE SERVED IN lY 16-YfAR FOREIGN SERVICE CAREER ' THERHORE I STRONGLY RESE T THE DRAFTERS OF I ' 86 RE- LIMITED OFFICIAL USE - - - -_ - - - '- --- _ 0 _ - ----_ - r-'-- -- -- - - -' '_ -- _ _ - -- ---- __ --- -_ - --____' _ ___ __ _______ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F 2 01_l - 0 743 Doc No C06416898 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445855 Date 12 11 2017 sIp f e DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 Washlnltan D C 20520 CONFTCi1WIIMi MEMORANDUM October 27 1978 TO Sip - Mr Lake FROM L HR SUBJECT Dissent Chanpel South Africa's Presence in Namibia -I L _ _ _ _ __ 86 It is the purpose of this memorandum to communicate a view to the ecretary as the person next to the President most directly involved and responsible It relates to decisions to be made before a meeting of the U N Security Council on Namibia It urges a shift in U S perspective and suggests a logical outcome I recognize that it may be best not to take the Secretary's time In that event I shall accept the necessary limitations of the dissent channel and continue to see it as a useful thing Above all I pray that this memorandum not be Channelled to others concerned to formulate a reply They have far more useful and urgent things to do than that My conscience is helped by trying the channel I don't want to take on abuse of other ' time as a new worry L HR Fjv 10 2 17 7 8 e xt 23044 C6NPIBEMYI Mi I ---------- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445855 Date 12 11 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 DocNo C06476769 Date 01 11 2018 RELEASE IN PART 86 'Departlnent 0 State PAGE I'll ORIGIN INFO STATE 1332133 OUTGU ItW ---_-'-'TE L£GRAM 103 OCT-00 ADS' ' DRAFTED BY S PiPMCORCORAN ApPROVED By S P ESVENOSEN-SIP bKBANOtER' v ' - - - - - - 7 - - ---J P 1112154Z MAY 83 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO USMISSION GENEVA PRIORITY 6 e F I 9 ii T I 111630Z 38 J r • • 10 STATE 1302130 DlSSENT CHANNEL E Q 12356r DECLr DAOR TAGS U HRC PREL SHUM UN AORC us SUBJECT THE NEW INSTRUCTIONS ON UN BUDGETARY RESTRAINT ENTIRE TEXT THANK YOU FOR YOUR R CENT DISSENT MESSAGE ON THE NSTRUCTI ONS ON UN BUDGETARY RESTR INT NEW l COPIES OF YOUR CABLE HAVE SEEN FOLLOWING FORWARDED TO THE JTHE SECRETARY ' THE DEPUTY SE'CRET ARY THE UNDERSECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS AMaASSADOR HELMAN DEPUTY TO THE UNDERS CRETARY - A STANT SECRETARY· FOR lNTERNATION L ORGAN ZATION THE AssiSTANT SEC ' AND RETARY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS S ' CHARLES HILL 21 AN APPROPRIATE MEMBER OF TH WILL COORDINATE A SUBSTANTIVE R pr ICY PLANNIN STAFF 5 I COMMEND YO R USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL DAM r CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476769 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446331 Date 12 11 2017 I LEASE IN PART I Depart111ent Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-01 STATE TELEGRAM 2 52 5 ES-01 150- 9 15 ONY- 0 R DRAFTED BY S P RJNEITZKE BMH 'APPROVED BY S P JEFF GARTEN· S P-OF-GFOX S PIRFEINBERG DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY --------- ---- --- 9112 1 2216Z R 141948Z AUG 78 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMeAS5Y BUENOS AIRES CON P I SEN T I DISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 A 73 STATE 205205 FORLI______________ I FROM S P GARTEN ACTG GDS • TAGS NolA SUBJE TI DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE I THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE PROPOSED VISIT TO WASHINGTON BY ARGENTINE NAVY JUNTA· MEMBER AND CINC MASSERA DATED AUGUST II MR RICHARD FEINeERG OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN DESIGNATED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY ·IN ACCORDANCE WITH STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION PROCEDURES AND YOUR EXPRESS WISHES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF-THE SECRET RY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTER-AMERICAN AFFAIR THE ASSISTANT Si CRETARY FOR HUMAN RIGHTS AND HUMANITARIAN AFFAIRS eNO AND USCINCSO WE COMMaND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL -RESPOND AS PFlO PTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED CHFlISTOPH R --_ ----- _ _---- - _-- -- CONFIDENTIAL --_ - -- --- -- -- - --- -- ' - -- -------j - -- - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446331 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 I LEASE IN PART I J t btllU I tltlH I t t Departnz ent Of State PAGE 91 ACTI 011 SP'02 OTTAVA 99$38 81 OF 03 3nllst 1 lro OCT·Dl ADS-CO H-SI 9 10 1084 II ··················120S6D 012330Z 160 R 292SIll JAU U AI EnBASSY OTTAVA ' TO SECST tE IIASI OC 984S rll e 8 II riB E II I I • l SECTION 01 0 03 OTTAVA SCUS DIS5tHT CHAHIIEL E O 1206S GOS 112 87 SHITH R I OR·n TAGS OGEIl lnG £pET 'AlloT SUBJECT DISSENT ·CHt IHECnE'SSAG·t RDL E Or ST ATCDEPARTHEHTi GN SERi £fiIi USG-INTER IATJOiiAC OOiiGY p'c icY lIr 18ENTIAl • ENTIRE TEXT I '1 I JLDJ -'1I llBJIL -'1'AIISI ITS A DIS RT CHANHEL YIEIIPD'rr1l OF EHERGY OFriCER AXERICAH Enemy DTTA' DRAFTER 00 S NOT VISH TO RESTltlCr DISTRIBUTIOn or lIES SAGE AIIO IH ADDITION SUGGESTS HESSAGE BE DISTRIBUTED TO SECRETARY or STA1 DEPUTY SECRETARY OF STAT UIlDER SECRETARY FOR IIAUA'GEIIINT UIIOER SECRETARY rOR POLITICAl AfFAIRS UI DER SECRETARY FOR ECOHDHIC AFFAIRS DlnrCTOR GENERAL OF FOREt Gil SERVICE THE HEAD or rORE IGN SERVICE IHSTlTUlf ASSISTANT SECRtTARY or COIlOKte AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS VA ' ENERGY nAY BE THt OOHINAIIl WT£RIIATIOIIAI POLITICAl AlIO ECOIIDMIC ISSUE or our TInE VITK IMPORTANT AlIO WHRRf' uno STRATEGIC MilITARY POLlnC L ECOlIonlC 0 COli' n£RCIAL DIHEUSIOtlS ITS CHAllEHGts TO us rOREIGN POLICY HAVE rrICRE SED OR nAT ICALL Y OVER THE PAST DECADE AIIO RtAL IsrrCAlH ItILl PRDeASL T COUII11UE TO 00 so IIHI IIITO THE NEXT crllTURV III THESE CHAIlGIIIG CIR CUHSTAHCES THt' FORE IGII SERYICE SHOULD SEEK TO rDSTtR IUSTITUTJOIIAL EX' 'UnSE 1 110 ORGAIlIZAT IOHAl LEAOERSH'P ChPA9Lt OF nAHIJIG A nPJonun COIITRIBUTlOII TO THE PROCESS or PLAIIIIIIIG DE· VELOPIIIG AIIO IMPLEnEIlTlUG US ' HRIlAlIOIIAI EII RGY STRATEGY OVER THE IOIlG HAUL to DATE oua £FFonTS III THIS REGARD RAVE BErti IflSUFrICIEUT t RELYING AS liE USI ALLY 00 011 EX CEPHOI At IHOIYIDUAL COMPETEIICE FOR OUR ACCOHPlISKnEHlS B C TELEGRAM OTTAVA OGUI 81 or 03 312mZ IIITH YISIONARY nAIIAGEnEIJI AliO RELATIVELY S 1ALL nODlflc liONS III BUOGETARY AIID PtSSO IIIEl PROGRA THE DEPARTXEIIT CMI SIGIUFICAIlTlY I PROVE THE tOIlO'TERH PROCESS OF IN' TERtlATIO IAL EIIERGT POliCY rORHULAilO AI D I PlE EliTATJCJl ERO SUIIISARY ' $ £VENTS or THE PAST DECADE HAVE COl mltED THAT EIIERGY • HAS StCDHE OIlE OF ir HOT THE OOHtllART IUTERUATlOH l POLITICAL AIID tCOROIIIC ISSUE or OUR TIltE ALL REASOI ABLE AlIAlTSIS ItIDtCArrs ITS IMPORTAlICE TO Ar RICAN CURm MID vm'BEIIIG IIILL COnTlHU TO GROll lura THE'FORE' SUABLE FUTURE' IHDEEO THERE IS HO SHORTAGE OF SPECIAL' ISTS III THE FIELD IIlfD CLAIIi TO SEE THE S£EO$ Dr A THIRD WRlO VAR IN A STRUGGLE OVER ACtus TO EIIERGy'SUPPLles THE STATE DEPARTH HTlFOREIGIl SERVICE HAVE 8EEH VALUABLt PARTICIPANTS TN OEvtLOPIHG AND InPLEHEHTlHG US WERGY POLICIES BUT I BELIEVE fI HAVE NOT ycr HAOE THE ORGAIII ZATlDHAl tHAIIGtS NECESSARY TO SRING OUR IHSTlTUTIOHU CAFA' BILITIES 1M LI IIITH THE LONGER TERn IMPOntANCE OF EUERGY ISSUES to OVR DIPLOMACY AHO FOREIGII POL ICY 1HI$ IS PAR TrCtll ARLT TRU III THE LACK Oi MI APPROPRIATC usa ORGAnI lATlO IAL tecus FOR IllTERNA1IOilAl EHERGY VITHIII THE STATE OErARTIIENT AIID IN THE VITAL TR IHIIlG Fmo IIII1lfICH rSI RESOURCE ATTACHE PROGRA S AND rtTROLEUH TRAIJIIIlG OPPQRT HI' TIES A E OIlL Y A SKA'C I or IIlIAT IS N EDED TO O VllOP THE XP£RTlSE III £HERGY ISSUES REQUIRED 1 1 OUR PERSOII11El SYSTEJI NCHtTHEL£S £XI ST IIIG ORGAI lZATI GliAL ARRANGtHEUTS IN BIIEP AIIO AT rSI PROVIDE· A SOLID FOUIlDATlOH ON IIlflt sr- n' '' t 4 AS rlRST STEPS TOIIMO OEVELOPIHG THIS KI D Dr IIiSH TUlJOIIAl CAPASILITY I SUGGEST THE DEPaRTIIENT or STUE A INCOMING 0 J f APPOINT IMtDIATELT A SPECIAL A BASSAOOR rOR ENERGY flEGOllArrOllS VITH TaE AUTHORITY TO eoORDIIIATf 110 COIIOUCT USG SI-lAJERAL AIIO HUL TI LAHRAL EIIERGY KEGOTlATlOIIS ESTABL ISK All ASSISTAIIT StCRElPRY rOR IlIlERNA' TlOHAl EIIERGY POSITIOII IIITHIN THE SlATE DE· PARTnERT JHAT lILL BECOHE THt IIUCLEUS or USG 'IHTERIiATlOIIAL EIIERGY POLICY sTABL ISK A SPECIAL IUD CORE or 'E CRGY ATTACHES' AS A HEV hIO'CAREtR 10'15 YEAR SPECIAl TV TKAT Ov l TSHE Vltt OEmop ICERS CAPABLE or STArrING nOST USG IIIT£RUATIQHAL EIIERGY POSITlOIIS orr # O DEVElOP REAL ISIIC TRAlfllHG Alia CARtER HAI AGtHE T r OR SUCH A sprc IAL TV AIIO E ESTABLISH IIEII EIIERGY OR P JRO EUH mATtD CO IOHIC' POLITICAL PD lrrOIlS OVERSEAS AUD' III UASHJr GTOH ALSO COIISIDER REVIVIIlG AUO tXPAIIOJllG THE RLGIOil Al PElROL£Un ATTACHE CONCEPT CBNFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 - -'--ij-uWr il JtN At I I INCOMING Departl1lent Of State 9 is 3121$61 IlIrc OCT'ol AOS·OO ES·OI OTTAVA ·············-····221914 0I235n 112 r I E II l' I A l SECTION 82 OF 9l OTrAVA 9D530 OISSEHT CHermp lIKE nOST or THOS£ VIIO IIILL READ THIS CASLE I HOLD STRONG Vl VS ABOUT sonE OF THE lAJCR POL ICY QUESTlOI S FAC' ING THE USG IN THE IIiTERHATlOIiAL EIIERGY AREA PREVIOUS CASLts FROll JAKARTA ATTEIIPTEO TO SKETCH VIIAT I CONSIDERED TO 8E SER IOUS THREATS TO us INURESTS PRES£I TEO BY GROv· IIIG SOVIET POvtR IN AHO AROUND THE III DOLE EAST IHIS CABLE 1$ 11011 BASED ON SOIlETHIHG LESS UCITIIiG BUT FUNDAII HTALLY 1I0RE IIIPORTAfiT • THE BEL IEF THAI I lTa SOli RELATIVELY SIIALL BUOGETARY UO nAHAGEntllT ADJUSTIIEHTS THE STATE DEPARl'lIEHT CAli SIGHlr ICAIITL Y IIIPROVE THE PROCESS BY UK CH THE USG COHDUCTS IlS EIIERGY OIPLOJ1ACY NOli AIIO 1 1 THE FUTURE 6 TELEGRAM 82 or al ml 6t ING CHTERHATIOIlAL EII RGY ITtRESn THE ADIIIHCSTRA· TlOII or THI_ lIO·CAREtR PROGRAII IGHT USEFULLY BE lDDElED au THAT or THE LABo ATUCHt PROGRAII THEREBY ORavlllG OR IIIHRAGEliCY AIIO lloll GOVUNIlEIIT EXPER TlSE rOR GUIDAl CE AIIO STAfrlIlG 1994 v R 292011Z JAil II F I AHEMBASSY ont-VA TO SECSTAIC IIASHDC 9946 8 Dam D IT IS IIPORTAIIT FCR THE DEPARTHENT TO RtslST tHE TtIlPTATlCH TO nANE PAPER ADJUSTIIEIITS IH TEAD OF REAl DiltS A IIIO'CAREU SPECiAlTY 1 1 IUTERHATIORAL tHERGy'VILL REQUIRE APPROPRIAl TRAIHIIIG AIIO CARm OEVELOPII£NT AIIO 1I0T JuST AN AIRGRAn STATING SUCH A 'ROGRAI EXISTS VHEH mTERDAY IT DIDN'T $CIIt SUGGtSTlOUS or THE KIND or PREPARATIon AND CDHTIIIU HG CAREER otvtlOP lENT APPROPRIATE TO THIS $PECIAL TV niGHT INCLUCE • • I A B£GINIlIfJG 6·' litEM FSI COURSE OH INTERNA· TI ORAl HERGY ISSUES 2 IIIPROVIHG ON THE pETROlEUH AHD RESOURCE UIII· VERSITY PRCGRAII THAt NOll lUStS 7 AS 1IIITIAl STEPS TOVARO DEVELOP lUG SUCH INSTITUTIONAL CAPACITY I SUGGEST THE DEPART ENT or ST T£ CONSIDER THE FOlUVIHG 3 UTlllZATIOII OF SUPERIOR P IVATE SEelOR £IIERGY TRAINIIIG SUCH AS THE ARTHUR 0 LITTLE PUROL· un nAHAGEntHT CCUR$ • • A • B ESTA8L ISH AU ASSISTAIIT SECRETARY POSITION rOR III' TERIlATlOIIAL EIiERGY AFFAIRS UKO Vlll BE RESPOIISI· BLE NOT JUST FOR COOROIIIATIIIG COIIPtTlIIG USG VIEVS aUT IIORE IIlPORTAUIL Y rOR PR PARIlIG A STRATEGY AIID POllCICS TO PRoTECT US CIIE GY IlITEREST$ lit Hun GO enOllo CO WISUS I YPE COORD IIIAlI 01 AIIO ESTABLISH Ltk t RSHIP'CAPABLE or JUOGIIIG PRIORITIES AI O lAKIIIG TRADt-OHS THAT PERnlT THE PREPARATlOIl AIID II1PlEl1EHTAHOII or A 114T101lAI STRATEGY THIS ASSISTAHI SECRETARY POSIHOII SHOULD ASSUHE IIlmi· AGErlCY UAOERSHIP AIID ALSO 4SSUHE IIITRA·OEPARTI1EIIT or STATE LEADERSHIP 011 £ilERGY ISSUES rHAT HAVE BEEII UFT TOO lUCR TO COUIITRY DESKS THAT lACK THE PER· SPECTIVE 10 ARt EFFECTIVE TRAOE-orrs BETII E 81lAICRAl R£LATlOIlS AIIO AA OVERALL IIIIERI ATlOIiAI IIERGY STRATEGY • E_ InPROVIHG OUR EXECUTIVE INTERCHAIIGE PRoGRAIIS VITH PRIVATE SmoR EIIERGY AND EIlERGY COIISULr· ING tDHPAlilU NEil SfAl OEPARTnEIiT ECOllon' AlID POLITICAL POSI· TlOIIS SHOULD BE E$lABl'ISHEO OVERStAS AIIO IN VASH· APPOIiIT II1MEDIATELY A SP£C AL AMBASSADOR rOR IIERr Y IIEGOT ATIONS VITH THE AUTHORITY TO 'OORDIllAlE AIIO COIIDUCT USG BI·LATERAL AI D lUI I I-LATERAL IIERGY NEGOTI ATI OilS SUCN AN APPOIIlTnENT IS IIEEOEO BE· CAusE or THE URGEIICY or I HPROVIIiG USG ElltRGY POLICIES AIID A REALISTIC PPRAISAL THAT UIIDER THE BEST or CIRCUIISTAHCES If IIILL lAKE SOME TIllE TO ACTUALL Y CREATE A IIEV ASST s CRtTARY FOR IImRNAT DIIAl EIIERGY POSITIOII IHIS AMBASSADOR UILL IIlITIALLY BE ABLE TO ORAU III EXISTIIIG STATE DEPARTIIEUT AIIO OTHU AGEIICY EXPUTISE AIIO SHOULD BE ABLE' TO PROGRESS I vtL Y UPGRADE THE Gt AL IT' OF US HlTER· HAliDIIAL UERGr II£GOTlATlDUi C_ CREATE A IIEII lo-n YEAR I1IC·CARUR FUI CIIOIIAI SPt· CIALfY In INTERIIUlOIIAI IIERGY CALL IT IIlIAT YOU VILl - EIIERGY ATTACHES PETROLEun OHiCERS - IT IS POTEIITIAILY OIlE OF THE noST £XtITIlIG AlID R£L VAIIT or corrTEnpCRARY FDRtlGII SE VICE CTIVITIES THE OFFICERS eHDHN rOR lHIS PECIALTY III1L OVE TInE COIISTITUTE THt HEART OF THE U'G't PROfE' IOIl6L X'ERTISE ViTH 1I0RLOVIOE COllTACT III IIERGY O CISIOrr CfllTERS AlID ACCUl11IlA1ED EXP RICIICr III THE POL iT ICS AIIO ECOIIOIIltS or EIIERGY AS iT RElATES TO S rOR· EIGII POLICY THtSr OH leERS SHOULD 6£ El IGIBl E rOR ASSIGIIIIEIIT TO IHE STArrS OF All USG A EIICItS HAV- GBNF I BENT I til ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 Departlnent of State I I I PAG5 01 ACTION SP-1 I2 II INFO I OTTAWA 00530 03 OF 03 312156% 1 TELEGRAM 9626 OCT-OI ADS- 55-01 004 W ------------------221017 R 292011Z JAN 81 FM AMEMSASSY OTTAWA TO SECS ATE WASHDC 9047 I IIt JUIIII nu 012353Z 60 e 0 14 J' e I UTI or l SfcnON 3 F 133 OTTAWA 00530 DISSENT CHANNEL INGfON WITH PRIMARY REPORTIN REPRESENTATION AND ANALYTICAL RESPONSI9ILITIES CENTERING ON THE POLITICS ANO ECONOMICS OF ENERGY THE FUNCT%ONAL THRUST OF THESE POSITIONS OVE'RSEA5 WOULD COME FROM A'STRENGTHENED WASHINGTON ORGANIZATIONAL SASE IN THE NEWLY CREATED OFFICE OF ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR INTERNATIONAL ENERGY OR THE SPECIAL AMBASSADOR aUT WOULD aUIlD ON TRADITIONAL FOREIGN SERVICE STRENGTHS IN ESTABLISHING CONTACTS WITH ENERGY DECISION MAKERS AND IN ANALYTICAL AND SPOT REPORTING AOOITIONALL ' THE DEPARTMENT SHOULD CONSIDER REVIVING AND EXPANDING THE REGIONAL PETROLEUM ATTACHE CONCEPT SEPARATELY A FOREIGN POLICY ENERGY SPECIALIST SHOULO SE ASSIGNED AS A SPECIAL ASSISTANT TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY IN EACH Or THE STATE DEPARTMENT' S REGIONA BUREAUS AND TO THE HEAD OF OTHER EXECUTIVE AGENCIES WITH ENERGY INTERESTS THESe POSITIONS' wOULO PLAY A LIAISON ROLE eETWEEN THE OFFICE OF THE NEW Y APPOINTED SECRETARY FOR INTERNATIONA ENERGY AND THE REGIONAL BUREAUS AND EXECUTIVE AGENCIES THERE I S AN oeVIOllS NEED TO IMP OVe THE INSTtTUTIONAL OF THE STATE DEPARTMENT ANO THE FOREIGN SERVICE IN THE INTERNATIONAL ENERGY AREA IF THE FOREIGN SERVICE DOES NOT EIZE THIS OPPORTUNITY OTHER AGENCIES ' ILL TRY OR SE CREATED TO DO SO THAT IS TO THEIR CIiEOIT I 9ELIEVe HOWEVER THE NATIONAL INTEREST SUFFERS FROM THE CONTINUING FRAGHENTATION OF I'lESPONSIBILITY IN'INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC POLICY GENERALLY AND IN THE ENERGY FIELD IN PARTICULAR THE DE'PARTMENT 'OF STATE HAS HE FUNCTIONAL MISSION AND HUMAN RESOURCES SEST SUITED TO TAKING AN INSTITUT ONAL-lEAOERSHIP ROLE FOR INTERNATIONAL ENERGY ISSUES WE NEE'O TO MAKE THE RELATIVELY SM o LL SUT NECESSARY ORGANIZATIONAL AND BUDGETARY ADJUSTMENTS THAT WILL PERMIT US TO REALIZE OUR POTENTIAL FOR CONTRIBUTING TO THE IMPROVEMENT OF US INTERNATIONAL ENERGY POLICY SMITH 8 CAPA8r ITIES CSNf'1 DENT rAL UNOLASSIFIED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476176 Date 01 11 2018 C06416959 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416959 Date 10 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 r '-'I r ' • i' III ' UIYI In Il 'p pq rtl1lent of State I'- ISO-BII 111' II ------------- -m27 m6Ut 164 K 21H3SZ JU 71 FM AllEl 8ASSf ROME TO SfCSTATE VASHDe S4l L TELEGRAM 0 0 OCT-II £S-ill 'f - - -- --'----- ' ------ LIIJIIILU urrlulHL UJL - JELlEY IS A GRAVE ERROR PAllflClilARlY AT THE SAP TillE 1 t ARE' AltHOUMCIMG IIITHDRAVAI OF U S GROUND FORCES THE TKR£AT OF NUCLEAR ImaHS£ SHClWH MY OPINION 8£ KEPT cPEW 5 I WOlD SUGGEST THAT Fo RnER seCRETARY Of STATE RUSK BE CONSUl• TED P RTlCUlARlV ON THE ISSUE Of THE DECLARATION OF THE SIXTEEII AltD ITS IIIPLlCATlONS II THE TRUr1AH ADIIIIIISTRATlOH HE VAS ASSISTAlIT SECRETARY FOR UN AFFAIRS AND VAS PERSOIIAlLY rAlIlLIAll wlTa THESE DECISIONS I PAInICIPATED 1M DISCUSSIONS OF THESE ISSUES IIITH HIM LATER 1M 1954 IIlIE ME liAS S£tRETARY Q $lATE LIIIfTED OFFICIAL USE ROllE 1 111 WDNER E O 116l'oZ 'I A TAGS KOR· SUBJEtT U S SECURITY PO ltY rOllARD 1l0RU FRO _ LI 86 _ _ _- - - - - - - - ' 1_ THrS PlAr Jlor BE APPROPRIAT£ FOR THE DISSEllt CHANNEl BECAUSE THE COH ElITS A ADORESSED TO OFFICiAl STATEf1 fNTS AIIO PRESS REPORTS ISSUED EU£ jlifRE IIJTHDUT HNOIl1EDGE OF 1HE FULL POLICY DEltBERATfOJl$ INVOlVED AS THE OFFICU IIlIO HAS SPENT THE LONGEST TIII£ VORKIJlG • tiN OREAK POL IT I C l SECUR I TV HATTERS IU S ARHY III11TA Y 6QVERHIIENT 1946-1948 DEPAqTNENT IIORH OK KOREA 1978-19S9 AH 1961-196SI H01 tVER I FEEL CONSTRAIIIED TO CALL ATTENTION TO SOlIE KEY POllCl COIlSlDERATlO IS THAT I reAR nAY BE LOST SIGHT OF IN THE CURREHT ARGUMENTS ABOUT A SCHEDUl ED IIJTHDRAIiAl Of' U S GROUND FORCES FRO KOREA TR RESEHCE DRCES t KEY POINT IS HOT TH£ ef U S PEA SE aUT' THE CLARITY OF THE u S COI'fIIITIIEIIT TO DEFEIID SOUTH KOREA AGAIHst AXY PasS I DLE RENtVEo AG ESS ION THE PW'OIlDERANCE OF SOIlTH KOREAN POPUlATIOH AHD ECONonlC STRENca OVER NORTH KOREA AIlD THE RELATIVELY EVE I IIllfTARY I AtAlICE aETIltE iRE LSO ARE LARGELY IRRElEVANT HAVI G EXISTED EVE AT THE TillE OF ISSa IT IS Hat so nUCH TO IIORT lIonu THAT THE SIGNALS Of' OUR COnnJTIIEHT IIUST BE CLEAR AS IT IS TO CHINA AKD THE savItT UNIOII VITHOUi IllOSE IHVOlVEJ1EHT NORTH KOREA AGRESSION COULD un HAVE TAKEN PLACE AND WOULo BE UHlIKELY IX THE fUTURE ANO IT IS lIoT DIlLY SOUTH KOREA THAT IS AT SU1 E BUT ALSO J PAH ONE OF jliOSE OLD lEADERS APTl T HAv£m POINTED OUT THAT KOREA 1$ A DAGGER AllIED AT m HtART OF JAPAl THE PR SEIICE OF U S CROUND fORCES IS 1I0T A PERnA ElIT o'R IMUTABLE MEtESSI1Y BUT THE II1PlICATIONS OF THEIR VITHDRAWAl SHOutD E HAfiOLED CAREFUllY THE NORTH kOREAN AGGIlESSION or 19S1J FCllOVEO ONE YEAR fTER mE IIITHD AIIt ·Of U_ S HILIlAn FORC lla AND AfTER STATEMENTS OF U S FOREIGN pall CY AHO CONCRESSI CNAl LUOERS HAD MISLED NO TH KOREA THE SOVttr UHloH AND COI1rIU I$T CHIU IIITO BtL IEVING I T SOUIH KQ lE A K D_BEEH P lACED OU1SI0E OU P£AIP TER OF CEI'EHSE THE OBVIOUS PSYCHOLOGICAl AND POllC'f FACTtm TO CONSIDEA HOI t$ HElMER AFTEi TilE 'COilllUHIST TAKE4IVER 1M Yln-NAII _NO OUR' CHAliCES Of RElATIONS 1 1 TH CHINA A VITHDRAIiAl OF II S OileES FROM KOREA nlGHRORlH KOREA tHIJIA AHD THE sovln UNIOH TO BElI£VtTHAT OUR DEFENSE COMrfllEHT TO SOUTH KOREA AND JAPAN HAS CHAIlGED • •• Of EVU lREATEl '''PORTANCE THAN THE PRESENCE or U S FORCES IS THE IlIPlICATlOH$ OF THE DElAAATJOH OF THE SIXTEEN AT THE TIIIf OF THE COHSl JSIOJC OF THE ARIIISTICE IN I9Sl I VHICH WE AND THE OTHER COUlliRIES VHo HAD CONTRJBUTED fORCES TO THE UN nlllTAi y' ACTIO' IN I DREA OECLARED TKAT If THE ARHISTfCE litRE BeOKEN lIE IIOUlO RESPOHo PRO IPLY AHD TIIAT IT PROBA6l Y WoulOHOT BE POSSIBtE To COIiflHE THE HOSTILITIES TO KOREA THIS VAS CLEARLY A IIARIIING U cULAssiFtEDN l s D ·· rtm t oTState'-Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416959 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 e w wa p -' q · _i' IRELEASE IN FULLI Vt DEPARTMENT OF STATE ACTION MEMORANDUt SIS Septero TO THROUGH FROM The Secretary P - Mr Joseph J Sisco AF - D onald B Easum ' Proposed Sale of DC-B The Problem The most significant developr update memorandum on this subject a personal message to you from Pre at Tab B urging that an immediatf be made on the DC-8 and that you special mission sent to Washington to press for the sale In his message to you Bongo offici lly re news the guarantees given in the GOG's note of June 28 text at Tab C which reads inter alia that lin no event '1ill the DC8-63-CF be used in a different way that might somehow benefit anyone of the countr£es censured by the international organizations of which Gabon is a member such as the OAU UN and CF MO I Bongo states further tha he is surprised and disturbed that '1e would doubt his assurances that the long de lay is proving costly to Gabon and that a favorable decision is indispensable The Analysis ' - As noted in our memorandum of August 27 the Gabonese- _ had indicated that if they were not able to purchase the plane by mid-August they would have to make other arr angements By appealirig directly to you now however Bongo had made clear he intends to continue to press the issue with us and has in effect placed his personal integrity on the lin The assural ces quote1 above are the most comprehens ve we have re eived and the first from Bongo addressed directly to the Secretary of State AF believes that these assurances are the firmest we are likely to get and ould avoid the legal problem for us 'lhich would arise from use of the plane in sanctions-busting _ They 'Iould also serve to protect us from some of the cri ticism lhich '1e experienced fol ovling the sale of the first DC-8 SEGRE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' Yo - -' - -2- t The question remains ''lhether given Bongo' s duplicity with regard to the first DC-8 his most recent assurances really mean anything or affect the assessment made in our July 11 memorandum that the DC-8 would probably go into Rhodesian trade The positions of INR and CIA on this question are et forth in the memorandum at Tab D Opinions in the Department are mixed Several qualified observers ppose selling the plane Our Ambassador to Gabon while recognizing the risk of misuse on balance favors the sale The legal issue turns upon a political judgment L does not oppose the sale on legal grounds unless the Department principal deciding the matter judges that the aircraft is likely to be used in sanctions-busting My own view is that by communicating his personal assurances directly to you Bongo has significantly escalated the costs to him of possible m suse o'f-th e--a-rrc-r-aft and s' n iKelY to iis e-cQsts_ They co ld incl ae condemnat on by the US the UN the OAU and the nternat onal press • Bongo must also realize that the US might react in other ways as well certainly the extended delay in approving the export license has·already made clear the seriousness with which we view this issue I think we must also take into consideration the effects which a negative decision or further delay' may have on US interests in Gabon In his September 10 calIon AF one of the Gabonese emissaries stressed the risk of Bongol's taking retaliatory actions A note from the Gabonese Embassy delivered that day also refers to the consequences that a dilatory reply could have vhile our course of action should not be guided by threats of retaliation I believe there is an increasing likelihood that the mercurial Bongo might show his displeasure at being personally re _ buffed by to king action against us perhaps V'i th respect to • US investments and commercial interests These include oil concessions to nine US companies and US Steel participation in the manganese concession There is also a risk of damaging the good potential for increased US commercial involvement in the development 6f the expanding economy of Gabon ''lhich a ready ranks as a major 1 producer in subSaharan Africa MeamV'hile Seaboard continues to press hard for quick approval of' the $11 200 000 sale and claims that each day SBCR£l'f UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - -3- of delay is costing the company $5 000 in insurance and other expenses However if the sale is blocked Seaboard believes it can retain at least $200 000 0f the Gabonese dO ln payment on the aircraft In the light of this revised assessment I now be- lieve we should approve the export license for the DC-8 on the basis of the personal assurances Bongo has commuhlcatea to you making clear in a diplomatic note our understanding and expectation that the plane wi ll not be used in any -lay to support Rhodesian trade This note a draft text of which is atta ched at Tab A would constitute a reply to Bongo's message to you At the same time we would inform the OAU and the UN sanctions committee of our decision based upon Gabon's assurances This action would serve to demonstrate to these bodies our continuing concern for upholding sanctions and help deflect any public criticism of our decision particularly just before the opening of the UNGA In the event the plane were put into Rhodesian trade such notification -lould help place the onus directly on the Gabonese This prospect I believe should serve to mitigate any t ptation Bongo might have to misuse the plane Recommendations -- That you approve the export license for the DC' 'S Approve Disapprove -- That you approve the text of the diplomatic note at Tab A Disapprove Approve Attachments Tab A - Draft note Tab B - Message from P esident Bongo Tab CGabonese note of June 28 Tab D - INR assessment S CRi 'l' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' Drafted - Mr WLCutler chg 9 16 74 C - Clearance L AF - Mr Huffman J EB J T Py'-EHT- t-1r GoodmanI ' '0 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445644 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 ORIGII I AC TIOIjI IRELEASE IN FULLI ' ' ' n ' AP S' REP RS R Ar ARlo Original to bo Filed in J EUR FE NIIA C U E I' 10 S- t_ - tJ AID p'ao L 0 · P' AGR 0 a COM TAR AIR ARt oy I 0 USIA NSA $ f oJ 10 FRe EffiOREll INOIC4TOR rq ' ' Department of state HANOL IN I I 'f NAVY INT XIo 1B oso INFo ' '5 r • REF 16 -13 o N Tr l It· e ADDIS ABABA DATE January 24 '1973 r A Summary 'l 'v 1 N Implications for U S • Policy of the Somali Threat to Ethiopia Addis 0782 1 J I 'CIA l i FROM • AlnEmbassy SUBJECT ' - AmEmbassies MOGADISCIO MOSCOW USCINCEJJRf Pass BONN LONDON NAIROBI PARIS ROME TEL AVIV ASMARA r 3 Dept I ZS A ' 9-' Its P'ILE t J fie O c ntralizod Fit Pj JUtU T INR i · m@Oi M ny - SUGGESTED DISTRIBUTION This aiirgram which was sunnnarized in the telegram under reference has been approved by the Country Team ' but its recommendations are subject to the concurrence of bassador Adair currently in Washington Its gist is that we believe the 'U S should take immediate steps to assist Ethiopia in the light of the growing Somali military threat the most important of these 0 L'l being the total elimination of the $3 million shortF OST RlUTING fall in U S military assistance which presently appears T Aetlc Inlo Inillala AMB f 0 likely for FY 73 and of any prospective shortfall in po-- ' 1 FY 74 OCM --' 1 0 EC ON CON 5 0 AO• t I USIS B New Political Factors in the Situation Since the spring of 1972 the lEG's concern with the longstanding but previously quiescent Somali threat tl over the territorial issue a concern shared by all strata of Ethiopian SOCiety has been considerably incr eased by the following developments Th renewed ins stence of Somali demands in representations to the Ethiopian Foreign Minister Prime Minister and Emperor by ranking emissaries ' up to IO Sl I9RE'f For Deeorlm n' I u OnlX f ORM Inllloh IO·640S·3 3 Din 00111 non Dro d by I onle and louU colion Appro ed by • 1' • HO The Country Team aag Charge Parker D Wyman' v POL A-Mr Lunt on II ua 1'-1I01 Rosner pv 0 12S3t cl oroncu MAAG-General CollinsP ATT'I M _ ••• j •• naTO _01- _____ _ P'I E Action Tokon 1 I rii23 73 r nl • I _ - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 -- ---_ -_ _ - _- __ - ------- _J'_' __ - --- -_ o - A-l3 ·Addis Aba Page 2 It· t I I up to and including President Sied Barre for the cession by Ethiopia 5 ·· to Somalia of the Ogaden Hone-third of our country j of Addis 223 2 The GSDR's ominous lack of interest in lesser lEG proposals to improve bil teral ties so long as Mogadiscio I s major territorial ' '' demand remained unsatisfied Addis 9832 highlighted during mini er­ ial talks on bilateral relations between the two' governments folldw- ing last November's border incidents which reconfirmed the distance bet1veen them ' 3 'The threat also uttered by Siad in these conversations in the ' Ethiopian version that the'GSDR would have the Og den peaceruily if possible but if not otherwise Addis 223 4 Raised stakes for both parties in the Ogaden following indica tions of the possible presence of oil in commercial quant ties 5 Seen from premium placed by Sadat1s expulsion of Soviet forces from Egypt on the USSR's Somali foothold a premium deemed by the lEG bound to result in Moscow 's greater willingness to satisfy GSDR requests for inc reased Soviet military aid Addis the 6 Developments suggesting the possibility of greater external support for the ELF insurgency unity talks betlveen the two Yemens thought capable of leading 'to the extension of Aden's -- and Soviet -- influence on matters affecting ELF support nd free passage through the'Bab El Mandeb the'oqcupation of Kamaran Island with its revelation of he scope of arms flow to the Eritrean insurgents 7 Various interventionist aGts of Colonel Qadhafi which suggest a the possibility of Libyan support for Somalia in future conflict with Ethiopia The interventionism of Qadhafi to date includes evidence of Libyan resupply to Aden based ELF PLF'grouPsj LARG pressure to orient the Eri trean insurgency also against Americ'an interests presumably including Kagnewj LARG's military intervention in dispute involving East African states apparently on the basis of the Islamic link between Qadhafi andAndnj Libyan public attacks upon the person and policies of the Emperor and Tripoli's inducements perceived as instrumental in the rupture of' relations between five • t • I I • ' ' • ' • • • • • •• ' • i - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 - -- - _--_ _----- - - - -- _----------- ·r· t' ' • ' between five lIMoslem complications for the population's reaction -- rEG concerns v hich ' t ' ' r 9 The GSDR' s official adoption of Scientific Socialism ll as its model I 1 10 Concern with the risks of an early Ethio-Somali confrontation over-Djibouti related to doubts concer ng the future French presence in FTAI generated by sensitive upcoming French and Territorial eledtions LI The Emperor's 80t birthdaYI hich focused attention as never before upon the Sovereign's adv ncing age the Empire's continuing institutional shortcomingsl its military inadequacies nd the risks to its vital interests -- its territorial integrity and national cohesion -- which the impending succession an optimum period for a omal move might entail C New Military Factors in the Situation Since July 1 1972 Somali forces have reportedly been strengthene significantly by the addition of the following major items of Soviet equipment Armored Personnel Carriers BTR-152's and 40's 2-1 2 Ton T cks Heavy Duty Trucks 37 MM-M SAM II Guideline Missiles Radar M Type Commo Vans Helicopt rs Hotlnd A tonov 12 Transport Planes j '1 j i i 1 200 28 134 Unknov'n numberl UnknOim number Uhknow1'l number' 10 2 j - 46 11 I A-I A9-dis Ababa ' ' Page 3 African states and Israel with potential lID's ma pagement of its own substantial Moslem '· to· IsraelI s presence and programs in Ethiopia 1 ' convergent Israeli '-Torries can only reinforce 8 Increased doubts egarding th constancy of USG support dari vj from last spring's cut in MAPj the necessity for Imperial intervention to recoup the cuts current uncertainties r egarding the MAP level for FY 73 and current U S Congressional attitudes i UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Cas e No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 - f ' - ' It • ' • 'to l- t ' ' i' f A-13 ' q Addis Ababa J ' Page 5 ' In addition to the above Soviet deliveries -the first Chinese 'l' military arms reportedly 'vere delivered in December ' 100 MM AA Guns Automatic Machine guns Annno D 6 18 5 cases r 'f The Ethiopian Reaction The Ethiopian Government's perception of these de elopments g ner­ ated an atmosphere of some alarm evidenced not only in numerous' expressions of' concern to U S officials but also' by the follmving ' 1 It agreed to receive a Somali Ministerial delegation to discuss bilateral relations and to continue these discussions in Mogadiscio 2 It approached tbis Mission in separate demarches at the Chief of Staff MOD Prime Minister and Imperial level Addis 3744-LIMDIS 6900-EXDIS to solicIt advice on improvements to IEMF Connnand and Control and deployment postures ' 3 The Prime Minister briefed and arranged for the Foreign Minister to brief the Ambassador and probably other missions as well on the contents of the Ministerial conversations 'vith the Somalis Addis 207 • 4 The lEG initiated an internal review of its military posture in the Ogaden and its material requirements and began actively to seek to enlist the assistance of friendly governments i e France I srael U S with r spect to the latter Addis 8904 and Mem on of January 8 '1973 IEMF top echelon views on the Empire's e sential military requfrements also evolved with Soviet deliveries to Somalia A sunnnary of the Ethiopian military leadership's current estimate of requirements follows by service ' 1 Army To oppose the greater mobility and armored strength of Somalia the minimum desired increase on the Ethiopian side is for a 3 600 man mechanized infantry brigade Its des'ired major components are a command and cont oi element · a battalion of M-60 tanks a battalion f infantI'1 in armored pe sonnel'ca riers an engineer f' 4 • - t· O company • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 _ - ' ' j A-13 Addis Ababa ' ' ' Page 6 ' company a self-propelled 155 rom field artill battalion an armore4 ' car reconnaissance unit a ground surveillance and target acquisition t unit an anti-aircraft unit and a support battalion i e supply maintenance and the like The support element needs extra fuel and water del very capabilityJfor the long distances in desert terrain ' 2 Air Force To oppose Somalia's increasing air capability the Ethiopian· Air Force leaders consider these to be their'major'needs a squadron 12 planes of A-37 1s to replace the aging T-28D close air support aircraft l2F-5E air· superiority and intercept aircraft 12 forward air controller light fixed-wing aircraft more powerful armaments i e AIM-9B pUssi1es to supplement 2Omm' cannon fire larger bombs 'high drag bomb devices and napalm larger authorizations for training and 'VTar reserve ammunition and increased air defense radar cQverage 3 Navy To oppose s eaborne delivery of men and arms to insurgents as ell as interference 1-1ith national sea routes of supply the Etbiopian naval forc commanders express the need for an increase of· eight patrol craft wi h three-inch guns or missiles or both to counteract the Somalia p-6 craft and one larger ocean-going ves sel with at least three-inch guns In the light of this estimate we view the most recent specific Ethiopian request for military assistance USCINCEUR's 17l729Z January 1973 as quite restrained Accordingly I we think it likely that more substantial requests will soon be pressed 'ith greater urgency all the more so of course if MIG-21's and T-54 tanks surface in Somalia We note in this connection the Foreign Minister1s recent prediction that his government and possibly the Emperor himself will soon request a basic discussion of the Somali threat with the Ambassador Addis 9832 J E Mission Views on Justification for the Ethiopian Reaction Is the lEG justified in feeling deep concern over the Somali threat and in concluding that additional measures are necessary at this time in orde to augment Ethiopia's military strength Given the present situation in Ethiopia including the understandable and justified fears regarding E hiopia's vulnerabilities in the period immediately following the death of the'Emperor we believe that three other ' f EffiOREf' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 -- -- --_ 'l - ' Addis Ababa 'fl' A-I 5 l 1 i j 1 IJ I • I' 'fl•• Page 8 coerce the lEG into a m0re flexible negotiating posture on the territorial issue • - I t· I r Soviet deliveries to Somalia since last summer have notlceably ' f' increased Somali military potential but have not yet wrought a J ' major change in the militaryl balance between the t vo countries -I · Taking into account the deliveries of which we are presently aware 1 we consider·the growth in the Somali capabilities sufficiently serious to make it a requirement of great importance that Ethiopia continue in full force the modernization program which is currently underway Put in other terms any·financial shortfalls which force the Ethiopian Government to-slow down the pace planned for this modernization program will expose Ethiopia to the possibility of successful Sotnali aggression at som'e time in the perhaps not toodistant future If the So iets within the next year deliver a significant number of SAM miSSiles T 54 tanks or MlG-21 I s a major increase in Somali capabilities will occur and the military threat-to Ethiopia will rise Should the U S ash to help Ethiopia at that time to preserve a military balance we believe it would need to consider the advisability of upgrading F-5 armaments and or providing Ethiopia with such hardware as radar Hawk missiles F-5E aircraft anti-tank weapons and M-60 tanks F Results of Continuing Present U S Policy If the U S reacts to current Ethiopian alarms with merely a continuation of recent attitudes and program trends -1e anticipate the following consequences 1 A growing conviction in the lEG that U S friendship is of little real value to Ethiopia when the chips are dOi'Tn with consequent Qisi lusionment and bitterness It is considerably harder to judge what further consequences such disillusionment and bitterness would have-for U S interests They would certainly make it somewhat harder for the U S to attain its objectives with regard to a wide range of minor issues' in U S -Ethiopian relations 'We do not currently antiCipate that it ould cause a basic change in the government IS attitude towards Xagnew or that Ethiopian re sentme t would resUlt in-significant damage to major U S interests The damage might be more serious however in the event that TENNECO soon discov ers commercial quantities of oil We do not think that the disil usionmen 'wou d'be likely to drive a signifi9ant number of ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 -- --- _ - --_ _----_ _'_ M ----- • - - •• - - - - - - - - - • --- - -- if ' ' ' ' BEOfffiH1 ' ' ' A-13 ' i r Addis Ababa 1 Page 9 · r number of Ethiopians into the Soviet or Chinese camp i 2 A vigorous Ethiopian effort to obtain military equipment op · Y· credit from other non-Communist sources Depe ding upon the terpls ' this could involve the s me disadvantages as inhere in U S cred±1t·· I sales see below However such third country procurement migh'b vell complicate IEMF logistic ar angemen s 3 A slowly growing conviction in many countries that the U S is letting down its principB l friend in Africa and that its willingness to help its friends in times of stress has reached a very lo r level 4 Some danger that a Libyan armed and financed ELF might decide to attack Kagnew if it clearly saw how disinclined the U S was to assume any further involvement in Ethiopia 5 S'omewhat greater danger 'of some form of hostile Somali a'ctian against Ethiopia than if the U S did more to sustain Ethiopian strength Should there eventually be an outbreak of some form of hostilities vuth Somalia the disadvantages for the U S mentioned above would be intensified Although the disadvantages of U S inaction listed above are by no means equivalent to those which would result should the U S fail to respond strongly when some of its other traditional friends appeared to be threatened they are sufficiently unpleasant to justify a search for additional actions which the U S can take at the present time to reassure Ethiopiq to stre then its mili ta ry capabilities and to lessen the likelihood of Somali aggression G Political Possibilities In addition to steps designed to increase Ethiopia'S 'military c abilitieslwhich 'are discussed later in this airgram the q l9 ng U options to meet the current problem deserve • consideration • I u ' - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No -- - - -- - - _ - - _ - - F 2016-07743 ' Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 ---'- _ ---- -- - -7 1a ''I A-13 Addis Ababa Page 10 • - 1' ' 1 A meeting between the Emperor' and the- President away front ht Washington perhaps in connection with HIWs scheduledLatin America trip this spring 'Regardless of the state of U S militarY assistance prospects at the time the expression of interest in Ethiopia evidenced by the meeting ould help to improve U S - ' ' Ethiopian relations bolster Ethiopian confidence and hold within bounds the pressure for U S military assistance 2 A U S IEG meeting at the SecState or SecDef level to discuss the present Somali threat The usefulness of this option can of course best be evaluated in light of the feasibility and c ntent of the Presidential meeting discussed a ove 3 A U S suggestion o the I G and possibly the GSDR that it consider approaching the CAU and or friendly African states e g Sudan vdth a request to mediate their bilateral tensions as was done in' 196 4 Meetings with allies and friends to share our assessments regarding developments in The Horn and discuss possibilities for assisting the lEG A meeting in Washington or JerUsalem with the Israelis would appear particularly useful in this connection while consultations in appropriate capitals with the French Germans increased police support Italians use their influence in Somalia 'and British absorption by HMG of Canberra rehabilitation costs - cf 'lR 6830015272 of August 16 1972 might be helpful 5 A U S initiative to appris the Soviets of our concern over the increased tension between Ethiopia and Somalia and to request Soviet cooperation to minimize the danger of an arms race and future hostilities We understand that the lEG'had decided to approach Pompidou with a request that he use his influence in Moscow to limit Soviet deliveries to Somalia Addis 663 Wa hington will be in a etter position than this Mission to evaluate the effectiveness and timing of such an approach 6 A review of optionafor an improvement in U S relations with Somalia and a consequent increase in U S influence there SEe ffi JIil- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Departme t of State Case N6 F-2016-07743 D c No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 •• • _ 4 _ _ • _#00 _ 0_· ' • ' ' f ' 0' • • t 1 ' Ababi A-13' Addis Page 11 7 An increased number of naval calls and mili ary visits to Ethiopia to demonstrate our interest in the area Recent visits by'USCINCEUR the forth oming visit of COMIDEASTORls-uLa Salle in connection with Navy Days and the upcoming sojourn of the National War College group could be supplemented by calls at Massawa of detached 7th Fleet or other naval elements hich could ' also exercise our free transit rights in the Bab El Mandeb as circumstances might dictate ' H ' 14t ' Possible lEG Actions 1 The U S MAAG is encouraging lEG self-help measures to improve its 'military posture There are many actions such as an improved command control structure and various deployment improvements which it has been recommending and which it 'dll continue to promote vigorously We believe that the lEG because of its concern over the Somali threat is noticeably more receptive to U S advice of this kind than has previously been the case There is considerable evidence of inefficien y in the execution by the lEG of the Ministry of Defense budget particularly in regard to such items as POL There a e probably major IIsavingsll that could be generated through tighter systems of' control over POL distribution and use and possibly through centralized procurement of grain reqUirements for the armed forces which is now handled on a unit basis Beyond these measures general austerity 'could be made a reqUirement thus freeing up not orily budget resources but equipment and manpmofer to be reallocated to priority tasks related to defense of the Eastern border Rationalization and improved allocati n of resources available to the MOD could materially enhance the defense capability in the Ogade The U S MAAG will' do what it can to encourage rationalization of this kind 2 3 The lEG could make an increased allocation to its defense budget for either local 'costs or foreign procurement The MOD budget for FY 73 is E$95 million Addi tional spending for defense this yea ' without breaching the understanding between the lEG and the IBRD on the limitation of defens e spending could amount to E$2 million The defense expenditures in FY 73 as currently budgeted will be only - • ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 I' I t· SElOnBP I A-13 'I Addis Ababa ' Page 12 ' oruy E$2 million over MOD budgeted expendi tur s in FY 72 or 2 percent 'whereas t he Im IBRD understanding contemplated restrain- to ing increase in MOD expenditures to 4 percent The E$2 million ' added to t he MOD in FY 73 could come from resources freed up by a broadening of the U S Agricultural Sector Loan see Section K 2 ' of this airgroam froom domestic borroovTing from the National Bank• which is feasible at present or possibly by shifting existing lEG'· resources from another part of the total lEG budget An increase in the Ethiopian'use of resources for military purposes would need hOv7ever to consider the provisions of Section 620 s of the Foreign Assistance Act which calls for the President to take into account certain factors in providing economic assistance to recipient countries The Executive Branch might have to deal with Congressional criticism growing out of the statement of purpose in Section 620 s wb 1 ch in part states lito insure that resources of AID recipients intended for economic development are not diverted to military 'purposes The individual provisions of Section 620 5 which the President has to take into account 'can probably be covered satisfactorily The first provision deals with the matter of direction of budget resourqes Even though the percentage of the budget used for IEG military purposes would increase we could proobably demonstrate that ·the military budget would still be ithin the IBRD agreed limit or close thereto and within the 'limits established by State-AID for maximum security expenditures of AID-recipieqt countries The second provision of 620 s on use by LDC's of foreign exchange for the acquisition of military equipment should not become an issue' since the proportion of EG free foreign exchange resources used for military procurement would still be very small even if the rEG used it esources for foreign procurement Finally we do not expect that tl1e rEG would use its foreign exchange for the purchase of sophisticated eapons since these if provided at alI would presumably be povered under grant military assistance froom U S or non-U S souroces - UNCLASSIFIED U S ·Dep riment f State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - _ - - _ --- - _ _ - - - - ·7 - - - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - - - - - ' A-13 Addis Ababa Page 13 ' t' Although the implications of 20 s must be kept in mind in con sidering any additions to the lEG defense budget it is not believed that the addition of as small a sum as E$2 million in FY 73 would pose a problem I I pernaps 4 Programs to establish a series of agricultural areas along the W bi from Gode to Kolafo or elsev here could be implemented through expansion of non-military elements of the budget and thus be eligible £01' various forms of external assistance inc uding use of U S Agricultural Sector Loan funds With U S agre·ement Thus lEG flpossession of the Ogaden rilight be str ngth ­ ened The lEG is now investigating this agricultural settlement possibility further before deciding whether it would be advisable l PossibleU S lsraeli Assistance 'i The Government of'Israel could provide communications equipment Motorola or possibly other items including PGM-type ships in place of MAP-funded communications gear thus freeing up som quantum of military assistarfce for funding of other items Military assistance from Israel if not on a grant basis could be paid for by Ethiopian' exports of wheat It might be financed by the Israeli Government utilizing some part of the dollar funds available to it as a result of the U S $50 million housing investment guaranty of 1972 If necessary and feaSible the U S could agree to increase the HIG by the amount represented by the equipment if it were furnished to Ethiopia as an Israeli grant In regard to Ethiopian export of wheat this could conceivably be induced by the lEG without serious i jury to domestic supply consumption in the short run Alternately vll eat of comparable value might be made available to Ethiopia under a PL-480 Title I sales agreement with payment by the lEG in local currency with the local currency to be utilized under PL-480 Section'104 f g or h by joint agreement for agricultural or other development activities budgeted by the lEG or for allocation under PL-480 Section l04 c for defense expenditures - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 ___ • • _ _ _ _ _ -4 _ _ - - - •• - --- - - - - _- I •• A-13 Addis Ababa Page 14 The Mission wishes to bring the foregoing possibilities to the attention of the Department but we recognize-that they involve several disadvantages particularly if the triangular arrangements' did not involve direct U S grant assistance r f 1 Involvement of aflY third party in U S assistance to the lEG would complicate the arrangements and entail time delays ·it ' 2 The sale of Ethiopian heat to Israel would entail some s'ubs idization since the wheat is of 101tf quality and inland transport costs are high thus pricing the heat above the world market 3 Compensatory U S PL-480 heat a would call for' USDA to forgive the lEGIs failure some years ago to honor a Usual Marketing Requirement UMR clause in a cotton sales' agreementj b could cause some local market disruption since landed U S 'wheat shipped on U S bottoms would normally be priced above local 'heat or other imported wheat c lOuld place a demand on short U S PL-480 supplies 4 Allocation of PL-480 local currency proceeds under Section 104 cj would openly involve the USG in direct support of the MOD budget an act which might be subject to criticism in the U S Congress and possibly in Ethiopia If the Department considers any of the triangular arrangements discussed above feasible from the U S standpOint we recommend that they be included in the consultations with Israel referred to in Sectio G 4 above Possibility of Significant Increase in MAP The FY 71-FY 78 program which calls for maintaining Ethiopian forces in-b ing for a modest modernization program weapons communication and ships and for replacing non-supportable equipment e g T-28 aircraft with A-37 has been developed based on JSOP planning figures as follo 74 FY 73 J§ 78 77 J' 11 53 11 65 10 78 10 13 '10 93 Figures indicated are for ma eriel and training provided to IEMF and include supply operations and MAAG support cost 11 1 j 9 $ISBEJJ - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-0 743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 - - - - - ' - - wi - 0''' _ _ - - - - - r ' A-l 3 Ii 1 ' Addis Ababa Page 15 While there as a modest decrease in the FY 72 program there ill 'be a drastic decrease in FY 73 if the presen $8 5 million not i cluding supply operation and MAAG support costs is maintained Additionally the initial planning figures for FY 74 already indicate a redu tion of apprOximately one million in FY 74 Obviously re- ' • ductions such as these plus infl tion factors cannot accommodate the program described nnnediately above The levels of approximately 11-11 5 million were initially arriv d at and justified based on rights to Kagnew Station and assistance to 'e long-standing friend in ·the Horn in providing for its selfdefense At that time the primary concern was the active insurgency in Eritrea The growing Somali strength and particularly Soviet deliveries there in recent months have introduced an important new factor in the situation and provided considerable additional justification for U S military assistance to Ethiopia There imuld indeed be some logic to the argument that the or ginal U S planning figures for FY 73 to FY 78 should now be increased Ho ever if the MAP can be sustained at the il-ll 5 million level not including supply operations and MAAG support costs on a continuing bas'is and there is no large-scale introduction of sophisticated weapons such as the T-54 tank and the MIG-2l aircraft the objectives of the current program can be accomplished in the time-frame indicated FY 73-78 and a reasonable balance of power between Ethiopia and Somalia can be maintained ' The most effective and most desirable way to meet the looming shortfall of $3 million for FY 73 and probably more for FY 74 would be to increase the MAP program Bearing in mind the intense worldwide competition for the limited MAP funds however the Mission has attempted to evaluate other possibilities for meeting these shortfalls These are discussed below K Other Possible U S Actions to Enhance the rEG Defense Budget 1 The U S could offer military equipment 04 a credit'sale FMS basis The following table is based on an assumption of an agreement for delivery of the stated mounts in FY 73 with IO-year repayment at 6% interest no grace - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 Annual Effect of Repayment lEG Budget and Balance • of Payment s U S 3 million U S 4 million U S 5 million U S $0 42 million U S $0 56 million U 8 $0 7 million ''' A -13 • Addis Ababa Page 16 Annual Repayments as Percentage of Proj ect e Exports of Goods ' and Services 0 18% 0 24%' 0 30% Since the ratio of Ethiopia's'debt service payments to exports is alre ady 12% and increasing it would be prudent to limit FMS if selected as an qption in order to lace as little pressure as pb sible on the debt service burden vThichigbove the 10 percent alert level mentioned in IBRD TI studies of LOC debt service problems As the table above indicates however the annual repayments involved in the event of FMS sales of US $3-4 million in FY 73 would add little to Ethiopia's balance of payments burden i The annual debt repayments although small could cause problems in connection with the c rrent lEG understanding with the lBRD that budgetary expenditures for defense will not rise by more than 4 percent nnually see Section H 3 A $3 million credit sale in FY 73 for example Which involved an annual budgetary expenditure repayment of $0 42 million would add about 1% to the lEGis current defense budget This seems possible and would involve the need for discussions with the lBRD only in the event that the lEG planned to increase its budget expenditures from its o n and other resources by more than 3 percent in the year of the r equired lEG expenditure for repayments to the U S If it were possible to have a grace period covering-the period of concern with the Somali threat the problem connected with this limitation on defense funds could probably be avoided It does not appear that the small annual increase of expenditures for debt repayments resulting from FMS sales of $3-$4 million to Ethiopia in FY 73 would create any significant problem in terms of Section 620 s of· the Foreign Assistance Act see Section R 3 above ' 2 The U S could agree to broaden the spectrum of eligiQle expenditures for the AID A ricultural Sector Loan for the purpose of picking up additional budget items thus permitting the lEG to shift its budget resources to defense support For example we ' could agree SEeREi' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 '---'- -- ••• _0 _ _ _ ••• _ _ _ _ '0 ' 01 I ' 8EORffil 1' 4 -I3 l Addis Ababa '«Page I 7 ' could agree to finance construction and other capital budget support • of rural schools rural clinics and certain other minor elements which are germane to fUral development but which are currently beyond the approved scope for ASL expenditures Although this would ' not result in any net additional developmental effort budgetary relief for defense could be acbieved in tnis manner From the st ndpoint of lEG absorptive capacities we estimate the amount which could be made available through this route taking the current yea ls budget as a guide Hould be in the range of E$5 million or apprOximately the equivalent 'of US $'2 million this year and presumptively a like amount in FY 74 A proposal to broaden the eligibility for use of A L funds uld have intrinsic appeal to the lEG since the lEG has already informally requested such action in FY 73 USAID is prepared to consider the proposal following the April lBRD Consultative Group meeting and action by the 100 on rural education programs within the context of discussions on the Education Sector Review We could handle the question of idened eligibility at the technical level ith the Minister of Finance and if AID W were to agree to broaden the ASL as suggested the additional U S funds could be transferred quickly No problem in terms of the lBRD understanding with the lEG would arise if the Agricultural Sector Loan for FY 13 were increased by E$2 million for this purpose see Section'H 3 above However an amount greater than that would push defense expenditures beyond the 4 percent increase level This level is not sacred of course and it is possible that the IBRD could be persuaded of the need for somewhat larger lEG defense expenditures on the ground that direct U S' grant military assis ance was less in FY 73 than 1n prev10 s years and that it'was unreasonable not to expect the lEG to offs'et this loss in vie1-l of its great concern over the Somali threat It should be noted however that widening of the use of the Agricu tural'Sector Loan by several million U S 'dolhrs in FY 73 in order to pe t the release of lEG funds for reallocation to defense expenditures could I r •i I ' I I ' ' - LNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01i1'1i2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 ' 'I' • 'l' 1 -' ' ' • A-13 Addis Ababa Page 18 ' t J r ' j • • I expenditures could be criticized as in confliet vlith the purpose of i' ' Section 620 s of the Foreign Assistance Act 3 The U S could provide a Supporting Assistance cQmmodity i ort' ' ' ' ' loan or grant s 'fas done in 1965 or a Capital Development loan ' or grant for the post facto financing of' general or a specified list of imports The quickest way to effect a cash transfer and budget relief would be to pick up the financing of crude oil exPers ian Gulf J lith the transaction effected with Mobil New York Use of this technique would necessitate use of AID1s de minimis reimbursement procedures in order to generate the fundS speedily ' • If supporting assistance funds were used for a grant or loan to Ethiopia however such action could involve complications within the Executive Branch and'in the Congressional Presentation and would place Ethiopia in the non-developmental category of developing countries along with Southeast Asia and Jordan 0 •• I L ' Conclusions The Country Team IS conclusions regarding actions which· the U S should undertake at the present time are contained in paragraphs 9-15 of the telegram unqer reference WYMAN I 0 ' Classified by Parker D 1-lyman DeM Subject to Gen Declass Schedule of Exec Order 11652 Automatically downgraded at 2-year intervals and declassi fied on 12 31 '81 SEGRi l ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2'016-07743 Doc No C06472796 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 ' - DEPARTMENT OF STATE lviemorondvm of Conversation DATE TIME 5uaJ CT P res dent June 28 1974 4 30-5 30 P M Bongo's Desire to Aqquire a DC-8 63CP i IRE LEASE IN FULLI PARTICIPANTS Gabonese H E Vincent lvlavoungou Gabonese Ambassador Hr Roland Bru Economic and Financial Adviser to President Bongo Hr Jacques pigot privy Counselor of President Bongo Mr Daniel Richon Vice President of UTA U S A Hr John Foley Acting Deputy Assistant Secretary for African Affairs Ms Alison Palmer Acting Director of Central African Affairs ir Keit ' ftr n Aosista 1t Legal ha-vise tv ' African Affairs Mr Alec Toumayan Language Services COPIES' TO ' Ambassador John A McKessoll III Libreville Gabon AF C - Jvls palmer AF C - Ms Diggs 1IP - Nr Foley AF S - l-ir O'Neill Jr AP p - Nr Linehan Jr E B OA AVP - f·lr Ortman Export-Import Bank - Hr JoJ ln N Lentz After introductions Nr Foley stated t at the Department representa tiveSQ ere delighted to meet lith Arr bassador Havoungou and P resident Bongo's special mission Ambassador Navoungou handed r lr Foley a lengthy note in French · hich appeared to set forth President Bongo's efforts to acquire a DC-8 6 CF L IA F • BI l 111f£-na n ' Draftil g Olfiet rORM 2 ' 65 OS 12 M Mill O eu LHlITED OFFICIAL USE -_ ----- - ------- - _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 • • I LHlITED OFPICIAL USE 2 and requested an urgent response to these efforts Foley stated that the Department· ould have the note translated and study it carefully Mr Richon speaking in rench referred to the Gabonese Governrnen·t's agreement ·Ii th Seaboard International to acquire a DC-8 63CF He described the agreements whereby UTA would maintain and operate the aircraft and Air Afrique · ould use it on its regular runs 'lhen President Bongo 'las not using it Hr Richon further described the ·' trl crse con-mercial relationship bet leen u'rA and Air P frique under vhich aircraft from both companies are pooled and maintained and Cre 'lS are trained loll ' Richon said that 'lhen UTA had heard that President Bongo '1as going to acquire a plane it had been conc rned that this might disturb the fragile UT1 -Air Afrique routes and disturb the system Accordingly UTA 'had urged him to be loyal fidel to UTA UTA also encouraged Presicent Bongo to acquire a l1cDonnell-Douglas aircraft which could be fitted into Air Afrique's McDonnell-Doug as fleet and maintenance operations Mr Pigot remarked that President Bongo also preferred DC-B's from his o 'm flying experience preferring to charter DC-S' 5 · henever possible Nt' Richon said that P7esident Bongo had become convinced of the necessity for acquiring hJ s o ·m c l 1 rc 'aft after UTA prepared tally of i3onQo' s extraordin3ry expenditures for leasing aircraft in the past year Mr Foley said he understood President B ngo ig t alr 7ady p ssess one DC-S All three members of the spec al m S5 on 2s ned g 9ra q about any other DC-8 Bongo might have acquired Mr Foley aga n asked if there ''las not a DC-S already in Gabon in vlhich President Bongo had some personal interest After a momel -t of ilence Hr pigot said that is a private deal Clest ' Ine affal re prl vee l s Palmer asked if the plane was not ·Ti th Af freta r but recel ved 2 lL J ence as a reply In response to a question from Hr Foley Hr RJ cnon stated that to his kno 11edge I UTA did not maintain' the present Affre- tair DC- S t lr p ichon also said that UTA had invested sever l hundr _ thousand dollar in a passenger pack for the DC-S 63CP UTA s ej penol t lre plus Presh t Bongo f s unhappiness to -1ards UTA about th continued unavailaL _itv of the aircraft VThich it had recoJil menoed made the company extr lel T anxious to have the sale consummated Accordingly he wondered · hen the aircraft '-lould be available Mr F ley stat d that actions 'bY the spra ilng U s bu eaucracy o applications for e port licenses to k a long tJ rne hl le he c ula not state hen a decision lould be made he could say that he noped it · ould ·occur very soon Mr pigot co trasted the speed - ith hich thee - port license for the '-130 for the Gabonese military had been approved HeCl also noted that in the present case President Bongo had 'cleared the purchase wi1 h OAU lMITED OFFICIA US _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 LU1ITED OFFICI·A L USE 3 Mr Bru then presse9 tr foley for more precise information on the impediments tq the sale and a decision date noting that Bongo regarded the DC-8 as his O '1n personal aircraft Brl l asked · hether he could advise President Bongo that the DC-8 as nm-1 available' or whether he should tell' Bongo to acquire his aircraft els ' here Mr oley reiterated his statement regarding the normal delays expe ienced with the sale of large aircraft At the conclusion of the meeting l-Ir Foley tated that the United States Government prized its fruitf l relations with President Bon o and he requested that Hr Bru convey the Department I s rarme1St regards to the President and our hopes that a decision lQuld be reached on the DC-a matter very soon • - ' -' - ' ' IHITED OFFICIAL USE ' 4_ ____ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ _ _ _ • _ t - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 nac D • Analysis of June 28 Note Verbale and Oral Statements made by Personal Emissaries The most recent indication of Bongo's lack of interest in maintaining good-faith relations was the behavior o'f his three personal emissaries ith plentipotentiary pm-lers who tried to obtain the export license within 24 hours anc 1 · hen unsuccessful called upon a Deputy Assistant Secretary in AF and made a munber of false sta tements both orally and in r i ting For example Roland Bru the head of the delegation 'stated that· he 'las only the advisor to Bongo and kne t nothing about ai lines or' airplanes ye our files show him as a Director of the Air Transport Company of Gabon Bru a Foccart man is bitterly anti-American M Richon another member of the delegation French Vice President of UTA denied that UTA has maintained the first DC-8 yet UTA performed an engine change on the plane despite our efforts to prevent spare parts from reaching the DC-8 Richon is also i th Foccart All three delegates denied any kno lledge of the existence of the first DC-a and responded with silence when asked if the plane vas not being used by Affretair Given the fact that all three Frenchmen are close advisors of Bongo · ho has been several times ·told abbut the USG' s concern about the use of the first DC-S and who kno ols it is a factor in our delaying issuance 'of the license for the second plane these denials are hardly credible The delegation presented a note discussing the history of Bongo s interest in acquiring the second plane l ee Tab E The notes false statements are rebutted belo ol p 2 pgh 2 EXIM did not offer any assurances of a favorable decision since they have-grave doubts about the use of the plane p' 2 pgh 5 Ambassador l-1cKesson told Bongo during his visit in April that 'le had serious problems '''ith the second plane because of the mi5 Use of the first plane Bongo was very angry --------- ---UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 - 2 p 2 last pgh re have explicitly stated our reservations pertaining to mis-use -p 3 pgh 1 it was the §Q - hich took the initiative to require documents establishing bona fide use of the second plane • p 3 pgh c Bongo has told us orally that he plans to use the second plane to 'set up a competing airline outside UTA I I· I j pg 3 pgh 2 Bongo did not inform OAU e iil ers I only the Secretary General rho has no authority to make decisions Moreov r the 'letters from the OAU officials simply ac mm l2edge his having informed them of his intent to make the purchase no approval '-las given pg 2 last pgh objections about Gabonese violations of sanctions were raised orally and in writing at the OAU sununit pg 4' pgh 1 Gabon's attachment to prinCiples of African solidarity e g support for sanctions have frequently been sho to be non-existent • pg 4 last pgh The undoubtedly circumstantial incidents could better be described as premeditated violation by the G9G of oral and written assurances to the USG concerning use of the first plane AF C APalmer 9 24 74 ------------ _ -_ _-------_ _- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473598 Date 01 11 2018 I co 641547 5 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415475 Date 10 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE OUTGOING TELEGRAM Departnlent Of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-11l2 INFO OCT-01 STATE 054187 150-00 ONY-11l0 3944 003 R RELEASE IN PART 86 DRAFTED BY SIP MACASEY BDM APPROVED BY S P TLAKE SIP GAUST I N SIP-OF NBOYER DESIREO OISTRIBUTION r- SIP ONLY - ----------------110314Z R 110113Z MAR FM SECSTATE WASH DC TO AMEMBASSY DAMASCUS INFO AMEM8ASSY BEIRUT 7 -' 117509 61 i -' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 054187 STADIS I DISSENT CHANNEL FOR E O TAGS 11652 GDS PFOR IS SUBJECT LEBANON REF I L _ _ _ _ _ _- - ' 86 FROM TONy LAKE SIP DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE ISRAEL AND DAMASCUS 1482 1 THIS WILL ACKNOYILEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SU8STANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR MESSI GE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECReTARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORU AS WELL AS THE BUREAU OF NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN AFFAIRS THE BUREAU OF INTELLIGENCE AND RESEARCH AND EMBASSY BEIRUT WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SU8MITTED VANCE _ 4 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case N_o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415475 Date 10 11 2017 co 6416 905 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416905 Date 10 11 2017 I r4 wC ONFtDENrIAL OUTGO ING g I Departnzent of State PAGE 31 ORIGIN MMO-02 INFO OCT-GI STATE 225566 ARA-10 150-03 TELEGRAM 9129 SP-02 USIA-06 DRAFTED BY M MO DE RGMAYS JR APPROVED BY M MO JMCLARK S P - A CASEY IDRAFTI S P - R HARRINGTON IDRAFT OF D KINNJ Y DRAFT ARA MGT - J SIMMONS PHONE USIA - B CHATTEN PHONE M MD - F P WARDLAW M MO - C T SKODA ------------------052550 R 201858Z SEP 77 FM 5ECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 021 R 211041Z 21 CON F l O E N T I A L STATE 225566 FORLI__ ILI______________________________ IFROM MODE STAFF 11652 E O TAGS AOOE GOS CI SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES REF 4623 SANTIAGO 4523 SANTIAGO 5388 A l 8 E SANTIAGO 4556 STATE 144252 Ie SANTIAGO l THIS MESSAGE Hr s BEEN CLEARED BY ARA S P ANO USI ' OF WHICH HAVE RECEIVED COPIES OF THE REFE ENCED DISSENT TELEGRAMS ALL 2 I REGRET THE LONG OELAY IN REtPL YING TO REFERENCED DISSENT CHANNEL TELEGRAMS ' WE BELIEVE OVERLY CRYPT C DRAFTING IN WASHINGTON MAY HAVE INADVERTANTLY RESULTED IN A L4CK OF CLARITY ABOLlT PARM PROCEDURES CONCERNING I THE REASON FOR THE STADIS DESIGNATION ON PARM MESSAGES AND THE RESPONSIBILITIES AND OBLIGATIONS OF THE CHIEF OF MISSION UNDER 80TH MODE AND PARM PROCEDURES 3 vtHI LETHE ST ADI S CAPTION I S USED TO Er COURAGE CANDOR BETWEEN THE CHIEF OF MISSION AND THE DEPARTMENT THE MODE SYSTEM IS DESIGNED TO FOSTER A MULTIPLE-INPUT METHOD OF DECISION-MAf ING WE aELIEvE THE FOLLOWING ASPECTS OF THE MODE SYSTEM PRECLUDE UNILATERAL ISM AS NOTED IN THE MODE GUIDELINES THE CHIEF OF MISSION IS DIRECTED TO REVIEW MlSSION STAFFING IN CONSULTATION WITH SENIOR IN-COUNTRY AGENCY REPRESENTATIVES APotTIONALLY OTHER-AGENCY H EADQUARTERS ARE INVARIABLY CONSULTED AND INVOLVED IN THE DECISICN PROCESS WHETHER IT INVOLVES INCREASING REPROGRAMMING OR REOUCING RESOURCES THERESY ASSURING OTHER AGENCIES THE OPPORT NITY TO CONFER WITH FIELD REPRESENTAT'IVES IF THEY SO DESIRE THIRDLY WHITE HOUSE DIRECTIVES AND EXISTING GUIOELINES CLEARLY SPECIFY THAT THE AUTHORITY FOR DECISION-MAKING RESTS WITH DE ARTMENT ASSISTANT SECRETARIES RATHER THAN CHIEFS OF MISSION THUS PROVIDING STILL ANOTHER SOURCE OF JUDGMENT AND INPUT 4 WE NOTE THE DISCUSSION ON CONSULTATIONS AT POS IN THE REFERENCED MESSAGES ALTHOUGH MODE GUIDELINES 00 NOT PRESCRIBE DETAILED PROCEDURES THEY DO 5P CIFY THAT CHIEFS OF MISSION SHALL CONSULT WITH IN-COUNTRY AGENCY REPRESENTATIVES IN REVIEWING MISSION STAFFING HOWEVER CHIEFS OF MISSION MAY FORWARD RECOMMENDATIONS WITHOUT 09TAINING A CONSENSUS OR SOLICIT-ING OTHER-AGENCY VIEWS ON THOSE RECOMMENDATIONS VANCE CONfIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416905 Date 10 11 2017 B6 _ __ -- - UNCLASSIFiED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431121 Date 11 13 2017 L 0 f z l cONfleeN'f'IAI RELEASE IN PART 86 I tI l •• ' • til o 86 THE FOLLOWING A8 END F PAR H R FTE INADVERTENTLY OMITTED FROM AS TH 6RXTt8H STEAL AWAY THERftS A GROW NG POWER 8MAL ISLANDS EXCLUD1NG FO THE TIME a IN aA BA OS AR UP FOR GRABS ' CEYEN TBE·MA'IA is LOCKING OYER THE PROPERTY ' A THOUGH r DONIT aE IEVE 00 VACUOM AND TkE I IT M Y SE OE IOEO THAT T E WISER COURSE IS TO STAi O T' OF THE SIOCING AND EAVE THE AREA TO THE CUBANS ANa GUyANESE HOWEVER W SriOULO MAKE T AT OECI5XON FREE OF TWQ lLL9SXCN FXRST THAT' EVENTS ARENtT MOVING AGAINST US THEy C EARLY AR AND SECONO 1HAT OUR coa DUES WIL MAKE ANY OtFFERENCE FXNA Y I AM IKE MANY THEBE CAYS SKEPTICAL'o THE EVERAGE THR UGH AIO THEORY A L ToO OFTEN IN THE PAST %T HASN'T WORKeD OR W YE SEEN AFRAID TO T Y IT BUT FOR MU Tl PL REASONS tN THIS INSTANCE IT STANDS A Gccb CHANCE OF SUCC S - BRrTToN l w r i I' ' ' ' - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431121 Date 11 13 2017 -- I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445856 Date 12 11 2017 ' ' - - - -zrlAe Gft iRELEASE IN FULLi CONPIOENl'UrL South Africa's Presence in Namibia Together with other states in the world the united States has certain international legal obligations·respecting Namibia They are stated in the conclusions of the Advisory Opinion of the International Court of Justice in 1971 and subsequent resolutions of the Un ted Nations Security Council as accepted and supported by the United States The second of the Court's conclusions was that States Members of the United Nations are under obligation to recognize the illegality of South Africa's presence in Namibia and the validity of its acts on behalf of or concerning Namibia and to refrain from any acts and in particular any dealings with the· Government of South Africa implying recognition of the legality of or lending support or assistance to such presence and administration The current effort to give South Africa time to run an election on ·its own terms which we will regard as null and void ·and to renew discussions between Steyn and Ahtisaari against the background of the not unambiguous statements of October 19 seems a step away from conscientious compliance with those legal obligations In the present circumstances to shield South Africa from the consequences of its continuing defiance of the Uhited Nations' responsibility for Namibia even though it is hoped that we and others might thereby be shielded from a confrontation in the Security Council lends support and assistance to South Africa's illegal presence and administration The apprehensions of African states and SWAPO in lhis regard are reasonable Our own problems may lie in not facing up to the lesson of thirty years so recently reinforced during the changing of the guard within the Nationalist Party which is that on the question of giving real control over South Africa and Namibia to a majority of the black and white population the Government of South Africa is consistently and adamantly negative and regularly uses force in violation of its duties under international law_ eSNFIBBN'i'IhD UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445856 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445856 Date 12 11 2017 CON1 IOl MYIIdi -2Our problem may also be a judgment by this·Administration at this time that we can not allow a-Secur ity Council decision on further sanctions sufficient to win majority support in that Council Inattention to recent history is remediable Indeed a frequently invoked reason ror unwillingness to use more sanctions is precisely that the Nationalists we have learned from experience won't be deterred from their course by the threat or fact of such sanc' ' tions up to and including cut-off of oil trade investment and international public and private credit The view is taken that South Africa's first reaction will be to go it alone relying on possibilities for evasion of the Security Cf uncil resolutions as '''ell as on its military-economic bargaining position Thus the· logic of a position that thirty years of granite obduracy can now be eroded by gestures of good will mixed with private pursuasion and public deploring or denunciation is not impressive Our second problem is more difficult and complex It reaches beyond this short dissent which argues a shift in perspective It is essential to see that the tragedy so often perceived as taking place in South Africa is on a different and bigger stage with more actors That stage is the whole· industrialized West including South Africa Its essence lies in the failure of the U s and Western Europe to dissociate from the present Government of Sout Africa with a clarity convinci g at once to the Government of South Africa and to the world including Africa On that stage a principal actor is the United-States itself Pretoria was no Munich but the risks of heightened massive violations of hUman rights by South Africa 'at home and wherever its control extends cast a deepening shadow across the future To achiev·e such clarity and diminish the risks we shall have to be prepared ' hen the Security Council meets to consider sanctions to cooperate in the adoption of a sanctions resolution acceptable to a majority unless we have unequivocal assurance acceptable to a majority that South Africa will cooperate in facilitating the entry of UNTAG on a fixed date and·will go on to implement the proposals of the S CQIlFlQENTUt _ -----_ --- _ --------------- ---_ _------ - -- ---- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445856 Date 12 11 2017 - ----- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476853 Date 01 11 2018 ' uepartlnent OJ ta e COIIPAHT ins-sa U'OI IDU II ··_··- _·····---37DSlI lumsI' 131 Iro S71 r Ar 13 nusniSSI08 GENEVA TO S CSlAT£ VUHOt PRIORITT H16 TElEnRAM· RELEASE IN PART 86r SlOC 8lSB ' I 11 1 Willi ' 'no p -- CRtA'IIiG tHt IIII'R SSIOH TKAT 11 Al r ABOUT S VIXG A LI mE naNn THAN SArEGUAAOING HUI1AH lIGHTS 'A aGRAPH HIKE Of THIS IItsSAGE COHTAIII$ VROPOS O REVISION or TH INSTRUCTlO • - - ---- TAGS UIIH C ' El $HU UN ORC tis _ • SUSJ THE lEV INSTRueTloNS ON UN BtlDGlTAilY ReSTRAINT Q£FS AI STATE 979 91 B STATE lenS I ICOUFlOnmfJ - 'ENTIRE TEXTI 2 IIjTRO UCTI ON • TN I S IItSS G OISSEIITS FRon ano PROPOSES RLVISICHS ro THE D PARTIttHf'S RCCEl nYISSUED STAHD RD I STRUt TIOns TO US O LEGAT I OUS 011 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PfL T THE SCAlPEL TO IIlRG HAl 10V'PRIOaITY oa OBSOLeTE PROGRMS 8U lIE SHOULD NOT HOl VORTHWIL NEll PROJECT HOSTAGE TO THE FlNAHClll tAulIce SHEET vt nvST 1I0T VITHKOlD OUR SUPPORT rROK PROJECTS ¥HICK CA IlAKE A REll ' r or IF Tl E US DECIDES TO PEAIIIT aDOPTIo SUCH RESOlUTlOll 8T CONS N$US IIJrHOUT SE'ARKT£ PARAGRAPH VOTES IT IIIU MitE tHE US 8UDGETARY POSITIOH CLEAR ·THROUGH aN APPROPAIATE EYLAHATIOW DIHEarHCE IN THE VAT HUIlAN RIGHTS ARE RESPECTEO IN THE WRLO S E If ID ' Is Nof TUSIOLt US DELCGUIOlIS IIILl AS l GENtUL aUL r VOTE AGAINST THE SPECIfiC PARAGRAPHS lav VING Ntv fiNAI CIAL IlIPlICAltONS UNLESS THERE AIlE II' ORTAHT POLICY RUSOHS rOR SUPPORTING THE lEASUiE AS IS THE DELEGATION WIn flAKE EYIRT EffORT to COHsul T IH IDVANCE VITH THE OEPlRllIE I ON THE HtED TO lAK SUCH ACTIOX • If PARAGR i vorn ARt TMEW TH OELtGUIOII IIILL OEtlVU AI Al'PROPR UT EXPlANAtiON OF VOTE ' THE SDtUTlOII or VOlE A ' UVIS THE INSIRUCTIONS TO RETAIN FOR US OllEGATlONS SUFFICIENT FLEXIBILITY 10 ADVOCATE 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VERf ErFORT TKROUGH CONSUL rATIONS IIlTH OTHER O£lEGArrOHS AlIO V THE U'RETdlAl TO ICERTIFY $P£CIrIC o • R ALlSTlC OrFSETTlNG REoUCTlOHS BBNFIBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476853 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476853 Date 01 11 2018 or' ' U l UI I Jl IL UJ • 1' PAG a1 GENEVA 04 OF 04 04449 uLU t lU09192 02'55 ACT I ON SP-'IJ2 OCT-Ul INFO COPY-Oj ADS-gO £S-Ol 005' - -- --······-····379141 P HI 985 7Z MAY 8 3 FM USMISSION GENEVA TO S£CSTATE WASHDC PRIORrTY 190941Z IIg 147 e e J H FIe E N I A L SECTION 94 OF 04 GENEVA 04 49 0 ISS EfH CHAN 11 fl G• • IF SEPAR TE PARAGRAPHS ARC AO·OPTE·D OVER OUR 0BJE CT lOll s US 0ElEG AT ION S WIll ABSEN T SPEe I fie INS T'R UCT ION S ' EXE ReI SED I SeRE T I 0 I I N ECIDING HOW TO VOTE ON THE ESOlUTION AS A WH 0l E If WE VOTE Yf S ABSTA J N 0 PER MIT ADOPTION WITHOUT A VOTE TH DElEGATION WIll REI i 'E RAT C' 0 UR BUD GE'r ARye NeE RNS THR0UGH AN APPROPRIATE EXPlANATIOfi OF VOTE ' END TEXT T EI ______________________ __ ASSOCIATES HIMSELF WITH THE VIEWS EXPRESSED N'THt MESSAGE INSOfAR AS THEY APPLY TO THE USG ROLE IN THE' I NTE RNA TION All Aa 0 R 0 RGANI ZATION 86 19 SWAE 8E r • I CONFIBENTIAl l • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476853 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980150 Date 09 12 2017 DEPARTMENT OF STATE W shln ton D C 20520 December 18 1974 IRELEASE IN PART Bsl OECRE'f TO BUR - Mr Hartman FROM 'SIP - Thomas W Simons Jr SUBJECT Response to a Dissent Message entitled A Policy Proposal American ' Participation in Soviet Economic Modernization as a Catalyst for Compl ting the Detente Process C - Mr 80nnenfeldt INR - Mr Hyland v4 Attached for your concurrence andlor comment is a cleared in 8fP to a d ssent message on ·th s ·subJect by I _of Amembassy MOSCOi Hoscowls A-342 September 5 1974 also attached dr ft re ponse 86 You will note'that the Dissent is not really a dissent and that the response is consequently a discussicn ralher than a rebuttal Further the response suggests to_ that the exchange be submitted for publication 86 to the classified Open Forum Panel Magazine 'as a contri tion to detente dialogue within the foreign affairs community Your concurrence would also include concurrence in this suggestion unless you specify otherwise I Since the response is already shamefully late would appreciate a reply by COB Friday January 3 1975 • Attachments' As stated' ' cc S p-OFP - Mr Ray Smith SIP - Mr Hickey SEeREI GDS UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C17980150 Date 09 12 2017 co 6416932 IED 0 - U S De artment of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06416932 - - a r _ -' 0 1' PAGF 4 r iI I j IRELEASE IN FULLI 1 r r CIE DAl' IIL T GEi' IVA 427 8 I 77 t C01 FID E1 TIAL CO I Dn T I 1 AGTIO I FO I PAGE el G NEVA 2427S 01 OF 02 311916Z I' I R -ee 511-21 IZEE o EUi-12 01C-e2 S -02 L-03 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17 P30POSAL A 1 SAIL TlIRI AS A NEED OR FUa'I1IR COfSULTATIOr i'I lt Ol AND iEI US lLEGAiIOKS E P LSO SU G2 S'IED USDIL l I DR1SS RE IC · P I F OUFS EGYPT AI3S TEF G-77 AND FBOXISEL 'Ie LOC I TO IT Jl' I ir r 1 - f% i#M h @#l$#M J r i · _ w _ _ _ _ _ • __ • _ _ _- -- _ _ _ _ _ --- _ ' '_ - _ __ -- '-- UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmen of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416932 Date 10 11 2017 I ft ' -co 641693 2 IED _u s D Qartment of Stat 9ase Od-20 l 0 Z 4 F po No CO 693 te 10 11 2017 7 A j J dA IJ EL L_55 FOnTtlCOI Il L 5 'id J -s- nlH o - l F QATAR LAZ I AL AfSARI KOT AS W3LL-IKPOR M AIL - AS GIVE I tiLL BUrI OJ us OSHICi1 TEtS i' AY B I 1 LPFUL t CAUSI AL Al SAF I IS IhFlGi l 'IIAL I ARAB CAGCUSIS EUSSIU OJ LA OR IEIS1EY ND1RS1AKDS 110 AND OS PO ITIOK EUT DEFEES DICISIOES TO utAII LA 03 IKI TER 2Q fiAS NOT YET AHRIVEt 2 AEE HOPEI1G TC A HA1 FRorUCTIVE TALKS ITh TE SAUDIS 7 TEF BRAZILIANS EAVE SUGGIS I dE TA1 TO LA7I§ GROUP ANt WE PLAr A LUNCEIOL OR JOIlT APP OACE TO y C001TEIES If 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EFQRE AT H TFgG IK-DIPTH corSULTATIOf CGRSILV S AND I HAVE AGREED OK l E KEED TO FILL AS ArY bS POSSI LE OF 1HZ FIVE SE SISTIV CO TT ES SLICTIC1 STAfDI ORLi1S R SO UTI0 S APPLICA7IOh OF CNVEKTIOK5 AKD STRUC1UE1 iITE » ST1RN RIPS ACIMI IRAR HAS AS Al G O SUP ORr lOR STRUCTURE UT TEiRE IS ALSO LJ 'II 1 An AFnICAI- I IJ inSI jAUl'j A IN' ' CAl j A HAS AGREEL TO STAn FOR SIALII1 G Cii DEiiS OR SiLICTIOl S i hOPE i VRO ArS wILL OfFIDrr' IAL CCl F I rI r'I I AL PAG 23 GZKEVA 04 73 e2 OF e2 31193EZ PROVItI 'I O GOOD CAKDI AriS Foa l O OF SEKSITIVI CO MITTIIS AfD TLTiOUGH f3 or s ARE OT GOOD E AaE iRYIRG TO PERU3ADE Tti AISIANS 10 rOMIITI COCK A T IA Foa SELiCTION3 AS A C01S1QUllCI OF iISCG5SIO S IIE USDIL TEi SICRETA IAT DDG BOL l A B n AL ADVI3FRIlOLt IS H 5ISTli G TnE EGION AL GEOUPS Feeus C1 KA IN3 UALI I1D LA1DIDAIES A D ROT JUST al IorAL I aISiKTAIIVIS T IS IS IE C01Ti SST TO LAS1 YIAR'S PRE-C01Fl IECI r F01 AL KIJOTIATIONS TO FIll TEESE FOS1S S0EE 50N CO l r r loll· 'l I11 L _ - - - uNCLAssiFiEDU s ·D ent oi State '----- ____ __ ___ r --r - - -- - - -T- -- - ------- _ Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416932 Date 10 11 2017 COl La ' j i •• L • loa t h' i S UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431081 Date 11 13 2 Ir ASE IN 'f '1L ' STATE PAGE 01 ORIGIN SP-02 INFO OCT-Ol s s-o S PRS Depart7nent Of State TELEGRAM Iso-ua MR PARTB6 9353 SSo-oo a ART HaL 0ME VI R APPROVED BY ARA M lSEAGLEBURGER OUTGOING 314136 ES-Ql ORA FTE 0 BY S P LIMITED OFFICIAL USE WE SHLAUDEMAN 004 R ' S S GOLDSMITH MR BROWN ------------------310517Z o 3105U9Z DEC 76 ZFF4 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBAS SY ·MEXICO NIACT IMMEDIATE 640'7 2 4 14 • ' r 1 L 3 llMITEB eFFleifoil USE STATE 314136 Ji DISSENT - I p E 0 CHANNEL 232 11652 ' WW_L_ FOR '--I_ _ _ _IFROM R BARTHOLOMEW SIP N A TAGS 'CASC PFOR MX SUBJECT PRESS STATEMENT REF MEXICO 16290 ON MOTOR TRAVEl IN SINALOA YOUR NIACT IMMEDIATE DISSENT MESSAGE SLUGGED FOR DE PAR T MEN T SP0 KESMA N HAS BEE N REF ERR EDT 0 SIP WH I CH IS RESPONSIBLE-fOR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES DEPART'MENT IS CONSIDERING IT ON IGH PRIORITY BASIS ROBINSON 1 LIMITED OFFJCIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C064 9 1081 Date 11 13 2017 UN LAS IF ED U S D§ part rl 2 f St te Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431640 D te 11 3 2017 ah r-- • ' • DEPARTMEN r OF4STATE • •• ' ' WUhinilton D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 L -'--- - ----' - ' ' September· '30 J 977 •• • 0' MEMORANDUM i AR CCA - TO FROM SUBJECT 86 sIP 'Anthony' L ke 1 · Dissent Channel Message This will acknowledge receipt of your dissent channel memorandum on decontrol and release of LOU and unclassified material Cameron Hume of the Policy Planning Staff has· been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply Copies of yQrir lnemo have been distributed to the Secretary ·the Executive Secretary and· the· Chairman of the Open' - Forum as well as to the Assistant $ecretary for Public Affairs and the Legal Advisor We commend your use of the dissent channel and will rep J y as promptly as possible to' the views you have submitted • ' ' i- F ' w' ' '_ - - - -'- ' -- -- - -- J -- -- - -- 7 ------ - - -- -- - J'· UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016·07743 Doc No C06431640 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474170 Date 01 11 2018 J DEPARTM ENT OF STATE We ldn to O C OS20 IRELEASE IN FULLI October' 1 1974 MEMORANDUM FOR THE RECORD SUBJECT ' EXIM Financing for Borgo's D -8' John Lentz told me October 1 that Seapo rd and Gabon were stil'l interested in EXIM financing for the plane He said EXIM would write our prohibitions on use of the aircraft or its parts into the loan agreement as events of de·fa u I ·t tr i gg ing equir ment for immediate repayment of the entire loan' If the Gabone e accepted these cQnditions Le tz felt this w9u1d be strong insurance against misuse of' the plane If he Gabonese balked we might draw some conclusions about·theirointentions ·f The terms would probably involve a 10% cash payment 30% private financing at 3 4% over prime 12% 30% private financing guaranteed by EXIM at 1-3 4% over prime and 30% f inanced by EXIM at 8% payment would be in 14 semi-annual installments beg nning in April 1975 ' Lentz s aid EXI·M should complete i ts consider a ion by mid-October • l L AF - B Keith Huffinan' - cc AF C -' Mr W Cutler 'AF - Mr John W Foley AF S - l 1r T Cole· L AF BKHuffman mmp - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department o State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06474170 Date 01 11 2018 • UNCLA'SSIFIED O ' '· 4 ' u s Departmentof'State Cas'e-No F-2016-07743 J l PTION C ·nn'o - SP-02 IRELEASE IN PART I ' ocr-0 IS-01 Doc No C06431503 Dat -'11' 1-3 20-17 olI'naay 1 007 1 1 d -------------- J Ijt_1Q 0' 4 9 CCO-00 0 101424 Z MAt 76 580-00 1M AMEMPASSY BUCHARES o aECS ATJ YASUDC IMMEDIATE 7835 e f l -B6_ _ _ _ t 0 H 1 I B I D BUCHAREST 2608 s s DISSENT CHARIEL l - gt t ik-j fitll' tlS 'RO '2 SUEJECT DISSENT CHANNEL 2 ·C l ' 1· a· · ·C a - - - - - ' REF A 6 - J • D1IDnJI1UJlKELJFOR i L H AJiI EJ L o r • - 1 1 PAiA 1 STATE 110871 CORRECTLY STATES ORIGINAL MESSAGE HOf or UNUSUAL SU SfAKTIVE SENSITIVITY ROKETHELESS CORSIDER L PUREAUCR rC SENSITIVITY REQUIRES THAT WIDER DISTRIBUTION THAn THE ONE REQUESTED ROT TAKE PLACE DR 'TIH OFfICER RAD IHAUSTED ALL LEVELS OF COiSULTATlon WITHIN C ' A BUCHAREST 2463 B stAT 110871 EMBASSY BEFORE TR-U SM ITTING BUOH AREST 2463 THEREFORE DEPARfITRE OF DELEGATIO LORIMER E EW7 ·M B FROM WASHINGTOX ArfER DEP1RfMENT'S RECEIPT or M SSA E AID POSSIBLE lEEDJAC TO EMBASSY THAT DISSEN MESSAGE OK THIS SUBJECT RECEIVJ D COULD HAVE CAUSED REPERCUSS I DRS ' 'f0 AVOID THAr DISSENT CHARNEL R NDLIH IIDICATOR FELT O Bt IHSUF1ICIEITLY RESTRICTIVE 2 ORIGINALLY REQUESTED DISTRIBUTIOK BASED OK STRICT NEED-TO- XOV 518 1 SECRrrARY BECAUSE 0 HIS HAID IN SETTIR CURRENT HE OTI IOIS IN OTIOH PARAS 3 AID 4 UCRARESf 2463 a ACTING SECRETARY ORL EEC US or SECRETARY'S PRISUMED SEKCB DUE TO NAIROBI URCT D MEETING AID 3 COUNSELOR ECA3SE or HIS SPECIAL RESPOKSIBILITIES IN OUR RiL TIOJS WITH EASTER EUROPE AND SOVIET UITIO GQIliBEllTIA'h UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No 11 13 2017 - - C06431503 ---- Date _ -------_ - - UNCLASSIFIED 'U S Department of State Case No 'F 2016-07743 Doc ---- c J ·c' -- ' _ • '- - '- PAGE 92 - --- -- - • ___r _ Ie C06431503- Oate '11 1312'o1' 7-'-' - l- -t ---- tt'ttU UU ill _ BUCHAR 02608 101552Z 4 - 3 DR jTI G OFFICE URDERSfAIDS HJCESSITY or STAFFIIG ORIGINAL MiSSAGr IR s P f THERfBY f CLUDIRG S P IN DISTRIBUTIOI HE DOES KO 1PT HOT CORCUR fa DISTRI UTIOX BIYORD THOSE FOUR RECIPIENTS SPECI1ICALLY HOr aPf NOT TO BUREAUS EUR oa EE HOR OPE lORmi PA llEr CHAIRPERSOl PLEASE 1Jfl0tM DR frIH 11 SIVER'H FhtOR PAPER FLO EQUIRES HAHDLIKG BY EIECU IV S CRETARI II ADDI rON LIST OF PERSONS O VHOM BUCHARfS 2463 fiS DISTRIBUTED ESIDES THOSE LISTED US PAR 2 ·4BOV i-REQUESTE IMMtDI TELr 01r1C R ' r liYDOll I t 4 CH1 GE'S SIGIATURE ON BUCHAREST 2463 VAS NOT SOUGHr ACTIV TIOI OF DISSENT CR HJL BY DRAFTING OlFICER BECAUSE OF HIS PAST ErJ'ORTS WIT IIX EUBA'SSY OR TRIS SUBJECT AID IMMIIERT ARRIVAL OF DELEGATIOR COULD lASILY HAVE LED CHARGE TO ACCURATlLY INT RPRET SITUATIOK ' 5 YO-'ll THIS TELEGRAM BEING 'tRANSMITTED'lffi'HOUT INFORMING f O· - IW IIW ' ' --' -'- ' - • ' - - - UNCLASSIFIE • I _4 Y ' ' ' -r--- - • h - ' - - - • • __ ---' _ l - ' _ ' - ' - ' _86 A -- si s· 6 - - Y S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431503 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431958 Date 11 13 2017 - ' 'ACT ION PAGE 01 ACTION'SP-02 OCT-Ol m'l dk rt1 IA- bl fi DepaYflnent oj ' State COpy INFO I1tLrn ro BELGRA 08015 151842Z ISO-OO 1004 W E5-01 --- --------------001376 INCOM ING TELEGRAM - - ' 1_ RELEASE INPARTB6 6245 16000UZ 170 R 151330Z NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSV BELGRADE TO SECSTATE WASHDe jS37 s S R T BELGRADE 8U15 DI SSEIH CHANNEL FOR SIP PAUL KREISBERG FROM FROML-I_ _ __ EO 11652 GDS 'TAGS ASEC PINS UBJ US POLICY ON TERRORISM 9 y14C -Py J y-fA IS Setd ' C ' ON JS L- REF STATE 272264 MUCH APPRECIATE YOUR HANDLING OF MY CABLE ON TERRORISM PARTICULARLY PLEASED THAT WORD DISCRETIONARY NOW BEING USED BUT AS N SIP TRAINED WORDSMITH AND CURMUDGEON I ·PERSIST IN VIEW THAT MEANING OF DEPARTMENT'S INITIAL CABLE POSTS SHOULD ADVI E ALL PERSONNEL TO REFRAIN FROM USING l UF THAN SA • WA S THAT WE SH0UL D J 0 T USE LUFTHAN SA I T WAS 50 INTERPRETED BY OTHER COMPETENT AUTHORITIES AT THIS VERY PO ST WH ATE VE R 'A L LIS WE II THAT END 5 WH l EAGLEBURGER SECRET - -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431958 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No CQ6446333 Date 12 11 2017 I RELEASE IN PART 86 E9NFIDENTIAl S P RFEINBERG HME 8-21-78 X20822 S P JWALKER ACTING S P-OF GfOX ARA ECA NBOUTON HA RCOHEN SIP ONLY ROUTINE BUENOS AIRES DISSENT CHANNEL -- fOR -_ _ _ _ _--- 1 FRO'li S P-WALKER ACTG Eo O 11b52 GDS TAGS I NB SHUM AR MPOl 'PINT GF RC SUBJECT DISSENT MESSAGE ON MASSERA VISIT REf 86 JW RF BUENOS AIRES 6275 1 THANt YOU FOR SHARING YOUR VIEWS WITH US I CAN ASSURE YOU'THEY WERE TAKEN INTO ACCOUN 'IN REACHING THE DECISION WHICH BY NOW YOU WILL HAVE LEARNED ABOUT THROUGH MILITARY CHANNELS NOT TO FORMALLY INVITE MASSERA TO WASHINGTON BUT TO DELIVER THE GOLDEN TURNDOWN YOU ALTERNATIVELY RECOMMENDED TO AVOID FfENDING MASSERA AND THE NAVY I 2 THIS COMPROMISE SOLUTION WAS FELT TO BE THE BEST WAY TO AVOID INTROJECTING THE US INTO PERSONALITY DISPUTES AMONG ARGENTINE LEADERS AT AN ESPECIALLY DELICATE MOMENT IN US-ARGENTINE RELATIONS AT THE SAME TIME WE HOPE THAT MASSERA WILL BE REASONABLY PLEASED BY CNO HAYWARD'S OFFER TO RECEIVE HIM SHOULD MASSER A MAKE A PRIVATE VISIT TO THE US AS fORMERLY SCHEDULED 3· WE ARE SENSITIVE TO THE COMMON OPINION REFERRED TO IN THE 'DISSENT MESSAGE THAT THE US QUOT TILTS UNQUOTE TOWARD THE ARMY'S VIDELA-VIOLA·POWER CENTER WE DO VIEW THE ARMY AS THE MOST IMPORTANT MILITARY SERVICE AND THE VIDELAYI9LA 6R9UP AS A POSSIBLY MODERATING FORCE WITHIN THE _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ __ _ - _ - -0 0 _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - -a- ____ _ e9NFIDENTIAL _______ _ ____ ______ __ _ _ _ _ _ 0 _ L _ _ _ _ _ _ • _ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446333 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446333 Date 12 11 2017 I 2 VIOLA GROUP AS A POSSIBLY MODERATING FORCE WITHIN THE ARMY HOWEVER OUR REPEATED REPRESENTATIONS AND RECENT DECISIONS ON EXIMBANK LOANS AND MILITARY EQUIPMENT' INDICATE THAT WE ARE PREPARED TO TAKE STIfF POSITIONS AS THE SITUATION WARRANTS 4 S OUL» MASSERA VISIT THE US AND SEE USG OfFICIALS WE WILL BE CERTAIN TO EXPRESS STRONG APPROVAL FOR HIS MORE RECENT POSITIONS ON HUMAN RIGHTS ISSUES S WE AGAIN COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND TRUST THAT THE ATTENTION GIVEN YOUR MESSAGE WILL ENCOURAGE • YOU TO SE THE CHANNEL WHENEVER YOU fEEL IT IS NECESSARY Y'Y - t I • t I I CONFUENTIAL L - -------------- - - _-_ _-------_ _---- - ---------- ------ --------- - -_ --_ __ _ - --_ - _-- __ _-_ _ - _ - --- -- - _ __ - I - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446333 D te 12 11 2017 ---------------------------- ---------- C06416960 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416960 Date 10 11 2017 I LEASE IN PART I • ' •• •• ' 1 ' • • _ _ ' ' _____ I __ _ _ • • _ _ _ _ _ _ _ - _ '1oL fo n - - A_ _ _ _ -0 i I LIMITED OFfICIAL USE· S P MACASEY 6 22 77 t 29716 S P PKREISBE'RG S P NBOYER SIP S P AROMBERG ONLY ROME ROUTINE ' DISSEN·T CHANNEL PKIV E 0' 11652 TAGS NI A PFOR KS SUBJECT REF US SECURITY POLICY TOWARDS KOREA A ROME 10207 _---'I FROM FOR '- - NB 6U KREISBERG ACTING DIRECTOR SIP THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR' DISSENT CHANNEL - - - -- - _ - -- - ------ __ --i1'ESSAGE O'N US SECURITY POLICY TOWARD KOREA A'LAN ROMBERG OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTAN TIVE REPLY TN AC c ORDAN 'E WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DI·SSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE O FICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE' OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFfAIRS AND THE DIRECTOR OF THE BUREAU fOR PO LITICAl MILITARY AFFAIRS • WE COM I'lEND· YOW R USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED yy UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 C06416960 Date 10 11 2017 - _ - Doc -- - No -- -- - - 86 co 641547 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415478 Date 10 11 2017 SECRET OUTGO' NG Departnlent Of State F'AGE 1 ORIGIN SP-0a INFO OCT-01 STATE ISO- TELEGRAM 145829 ONY-00 3515 0 3 RELEASE IN PART R 86 ORAFrED BY S P GSAUSTIN VB APPROVED BY S P PKREISBERG S P-OFP NABOYER aN DRAFT1 NEA ARNl MDRAPER IN DRAFT' DESIRED DISTRIBUTION s ON Y ------------------054747 R 230112Z JUN 77 FM SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEMBASSY DAMASCUS c- 1 l J Y -----J - 231035Z 12 SEC RET STATE 145829 STAOIS OISSENT CHANNEL E O 11652 TAGS PFOR SUBJECT LEBANON REF • GDS XF DISSENT CHANNE MESSAGE SYRIA CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE DAMASCUS 1482 FORI ____________ I ISRAEL AND STATE 54187 FROM PAUL KREISBERG ACTING DIRECTOR 86 S P I' M SORRY THAT SO MUCH TIME HAS E APSED SINCE OUR INTERIM RESPONSE TO YOUR DISSENT YOUR MESSAGE HAS RECEIVED ATTENTION IN NEA AND ELSEWHERE IN THE DEPARTMENT I- 2 OUR THINKING HAS SEEN SIMILAR TO YOURS IN MANY WAYS AS YOU ARE PROBABLY AWARE WE EXERTED MAJOR EFFORTS IN NOVEMBER OF 1976 AS WELL AS IN LATE JANUARY AND EARLY FEBRUARY TO PERSUADE THE ISRAELIS THAT IT WAS IN THE IR INTEREST TO ALLOW A LIMITED MOVEMENT OF SYRIAN AOF FORCES INTO SOUTH LE8ANON TO CONTAIN THE PALESTINIAN PRESENCE THERE AND TO ESTA8LISH THE UTHORITY OF THE SARKIS GOVERNMENT 3 WE TRIED OUT ON THE ISRAELIS A VARIETY OF FORMULAS SIMILAR TO YOUR PROPOSALS LIKE YOU wE HAD SOME HOPES THAT THE TACIT SRAELI-SYRIAN UNDERSTANDING ABOUT SYRI S MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON WOULD REMAIN BUT WITH THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE CEASEFIRE IN OCTOBER 1975 AND AS SYRIAN MILITARY PRESSURES UPON THE PALESTINIANS BEGAN TO EASE AS A CONSEOUENCE THE ISRAELIS APPARENTLY DECIDED THEY COULD NOT TOLERATE A SYRIAN MILITARY PRESENCE BEYOND THE LITANI RIVER 4 AT AN EARLIER STAGE IN THE CONFLICT ISRAELI LEADERS SUCH AS PEREZ HAD CONDITIONED THE ISRAEL I Pu8LIC TO ACCEPT A LIMITED SYRIAN MILITARY INVOLVEMENT IN LEBANON THEY oro NOT DO SO AFTER OCT08ER 1976 ANO PARTLY AS A RESULT ISRAELI PUBLIC CONCERN ABOUT A POSSIBLE SOUTHWARD MOVE OF SYRIAN FORCES GREW ISRAELIS ALSO FEARED AND WANTED TO FRUSTRATE MOVES THAT COU D BE INTERPRETJ O AS IMPLEMENTING THE SO-CALLED GREATER SYRIA CONCEPT 5 WE APPRECIATED HEARING YOUR COMMENTS o'N'THIS DIFFICULT QUESTION THANK YOU FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL CHRISTOPHER ' ' '-r ' ' SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415478 Date 10 11 2017 CO 64169 0 6 I D u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416906 Date 10 11 2017 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE ACTION COpy PAGE 9 1 ACTION SP-02 INfO OCT-Ol ' ----------- ----- Deparunent of State SANTIA 05308 281512Z INCOM ING TELEGRAM c ' 47 0 1-c- ' tf cc A12 1 iA£ rA fYla vvymd ISO-Off 003 W ------------------112284 281558Z 43 R 281405Z JUN 77 FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO TO us I A WASHoe INFO SECSTATE WASHoe 5423 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SANTIAGO 5308 USIAC FROM PAO STATE fOR KREISBERG POLICY PLANNING 'STAFF o 11652 N A TACS SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES E REf A STATE 144252 B SANTIAGO 5150 I ··WILL CAPTION FUTURE MESSAGES THIS SUBJECT MODE 2 HOWE VER BEL I EVE CON TRARY TOR EFT ELS THAT THIS IS NOT STRICTLY A 'MANAGEMENT MATTER NOR DO I AGREE WITH IMPL CATION THAT ORIGINAL MESSAGE WAS NOT PROPER SUBJECT FOR DISSENT 3 BELIEVE DISSENT WAS BASED ON POLICY MATTERS AN IN AGREEMENT WITH DIRECTIVES SETTING FORTH CRITERIA FOR DISSENT D ' LIMITED OFFICIAL USE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416906 Date 10 11 2017 86 UNCLASS-IFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431122 Dat 11 13 2017 # - • I • I J C6NFlt EN'FIAL· ' o RELEASE IN PART OjJS- '- -- rI 1 I ' t 86 S P MECELY BDM EXT 22562 4-22-77 S P PKREISBERG ARA PPC - MR EINAUDI AIDtLA C AR - MR IHEELER P-OF - MR BOYER ARA CAR - MR HEAVNER ·1 I I SIP ONLY PRIORITY BRIDGETOWN DISSENT CHANNEL PK E O 11652 N A MECE MR E I TAGS PFOR XL J i MR H - MR Id f f1 SUBJECT U S POLICY IN THE EASTERN CARIBBEAN REF FOR r ff -I BRIDGETOWN 2452 · -1_ _ _ _ _--'1 FROM· TONY LAKE ' SIP NAB 86 1 ' THE TIMING OF YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE WAS FORTUITOUS IT PRECEDED THE INITIATIO OF PRESIDENTIAL REVIEW MEMORANDUM NO 17 ON JANUARY 26 THE INSTRUCTIONS FOR WHICH INTER ALIA DIRECTED A REVIEW OF US POLICY IN THE CARIBBEAN 2 'T E ANALYSIS PREPARED FOR THE AREA SPECIFICALLY IDENTIFIED THE MAIN LINES OF YOUR RECOMMENDATION -- I E' FOR GREATER BILATERAL ATTENTION TO AND RESOURCES DEVOTED TO THE MICROSTATES -- AS A POLICY OPTION IT IS CERTAINLY TRUE THAT YOUR ANALYSIS OF PROSPECTIVE CUBAN ACTIVITIES AND OBJECTIVES IN THE AREA WAS CORRECT AS WAS LATER EFLECTED IN THE PRM • 3 THE ISSUE IS NOW UNDER FURTHER CONSID RATION IN CONNECTION WITH THE REVIEW OF THE BRI'GETOWN PARM FOR WHICH THE EMBASSY HAS BEEN TASKED TO COME rORWARD WITH 'RECOMMENDATIONS CONCERNING THE SHAPE AND CONTEXT OF A POSSIBLE BILATERAL- PROGRAM THIS MAY BE THE STICKING POINT L - - - ' _ _ _ _ _ _ 0 _ _ _ - _ ' J C6NFIBEN'f IAl _ _ _ - _ _- - - - - - - - - - - - - - i - - • V ' ' -------------- -- UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case NC F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431122 Date 11 13 2017 ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431122 Date 11 13 2017 r • 12 C NFI» ENTIAt EVEN IF THE ANALYSIS IN YOUR TELEGRAM IS COMPLETELY IT WILL BE DIFFICULT TO DESIGN AN AID PROGRAM WHICH WOULD OFFSET CUBAN INFLUENCE CORRECT 4 AS YOU KNOW ANY SUCH PROGRAM WOULD HAVE TO MEET AID CRITERIA WHICH ARE MORE THAN EVER OVERSEEN BY THE CONGRESS AND HAVE LESS THtN EVER FLEXIBIlITY BUDGETARY SUPPORT IS VIRTUALLY EXCLUDED AND WOULD IN ANY EVENT TEND TO LEAN TOWARD' A CLIENT STATE RELATIONS IP WHICH WOULD PROBABLY BE UNSUSTAINABLE 'IN THE LONGER RUN ' 5 A FURTHER ELEMENT WILL BE THE VIEWS Of THE NEW AMBASSADOR ASSUMING THAT HE WILL BE NAMED SOON IT WILL TAKE HIM SOME TIME TO GET DEEPLY INTO THE BILATERAL VS MUL TILATERAL IS SUE BETWEEN THE PRM I THE PARM AND THE AMBASSADOR A VERY THOROUGH POLICY REVIEW WILL PROBABLY BE COMPLETED AROUND MID-JUNE AND iT IS CLEAR THAT AL POLICY OPTIONS REMAIN OPEN INCLUDING THE ONE YOU HAVE PERSUASIVELY PUT FORWARD' b YOU ARE TO BE COMMENDED FOR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL I REGRET THE DELAY IN RESPONDING TO YOUR MESSAGE YY CONfIDENTIAL ----------------- ----------- - --- ----- --- -- p 'Q tt • j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431122 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 OEPARTMENT OF STATE W hlnilon D C 20$20 RELEASE IN PART 86 Oqtober 29 1981 COUFIDElU'fHdi DISSENT CHANNEL 86 American Embassy Ottawa Canada Dear 86 - L I_ _ _ _ Thank you for your especiaLly thoughtful and welldeveloped dissent message regarding possible measures which the State Department might consider to deal more effectively with international energy problems Distribution of your message was made as you requested and responses were re- ceived from several senior officers I have incorporated these into this letter There is full accord within the Department on your basic premise -- the need ·for greater Depa·rtment competenoe in energy matters -- and that addit10nal training opportunities should be created in the energy area FSI has in fact moved in this' direction To provide mid-level officers with a basis to deal with energy related issues the mid-level program which started in August and may eventually be required of all officers at the 0-3 and tenured 0-4 levels provides a general grounding in' international energy issues A more specialized follow-on cours'e of about five weeks is offered to officers in all cones On an elective basis This will deal with energy in its national security economic and technologic l dimensions The Department now sends a the energy field pronumber of officers to short 6urses vided by various Government agencies and as you know also has an academic-year program for training officers at universities on energy matters In addition FSI has arranged short term cooperative programs in the private sector ' in I I I We have major reservations concerning your suggestions for institutional changes The Secretary has expressed his skepticism about the desirability of such positions as the COHFIfH M 'fl1tL I I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 COUFIDEn'fIAL -2- Special Ambassador for the Energy Negotiations that you propose He prefers cleaner more streamlined line's of 'authority Multilateral and particularly bilateral negotiations related to energy usually involve a variety f other related economic and political issues that must be taken into consideration The current practice of assembling a team of negotiators con ' taining needed technical backgrounds and headed by an appropriate policy-level official from the Bureau of Economic and Business · Affairs EB or the country Ambassador seems to be working well Recent examples include natural gas negotiations with Algeria and Mexico in which the Assistant Secretary for Economic and Business Affairs headed delegations to both countries Similarly energy is so entwined with other economic issues such as recycling of funds trade in other commodities and development that it makes more sense to continue tne ·current practice of vesting energy responsibilities in EB than establishing a new bureau Both the Under Secretary for Economic Affairs and the Assistant Secretary for EB ate strongly interested in energy questions and plan to devote considerable attention to them The Assistant Secretary has already established an interdepartmental group IG to address key internatio al energy issues including a thorough review of the lEA mechanism State I s chairing of this group will help assure leadership on international energy questions There are strong arguments that militate against the establishment of new specialized core of energy attaches There are currently at most some twenty positions worldwide that might be filled by such specialists hardly enough around which to build a career Also the experience with labor nd resource attache programs has not been an unqualified success There is some evidence tnat such specializatiops impede the promotion of officers to the sen10r levels and therefore good officers who might be well suited for such jobs tend to aviod them Our own feeling is that it is better to give economic and political officers a firm grounding in energy issues and help those who so desire to develop special expertise and hold several energy-related positions dur ng their careers In sum then we agree with your underlying concerns and are moving to implement a training program along the lines of the one you recommended Your message has been very helpful in supporting the need for additional training eONF DElI'l 'IAE UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 1r cmlFIBEN IAL -3 If you have further suggestions on trail1irig I sugges - you pass these on to the Director of FSI ·Tbe divergence in views·on management issues reflects a diffe ence in philosophy as to how to ge the job best done Although your proposals are not likely to be ·implementedl they have received consideration-at high levels of the Department and served -to focus attention on 'the issue This is perhap the most important mission of the Dis·sent Channel and we are grateful to you for using it in this constructive manner I apologize for our delay in sending this reply and appreciate your understanding and patience -Sincerely 86 ' I • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476298 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431959 Date 11 13 2017 fHlrir PAGE 01 ORIGIN 2E ll INFO OCT-01 EBREf OUTGOING DejJartn1 ent Of State TELEGRAM STATE E5-01 fJ UQ J UlJ1flj1 J1lLJ 272264 150-£10 RELEASE IN PART 86 I 194 - 00 4 R DRAFTED BY S CRHUME BOM A PROVED BY S P PKRESIBERG O-DLAMS A SY OPS-V ST MARS M-BREAD CE-RBARI LEY M CT-JKARKASHIAN S P-OF-DSKINNEY DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P qNLY P ------------------121 68 141722Z NOV 77 141744Z 41 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMSA55Y BELGRADE PRIORITY 8 f e e i STATE 272254 DISSENT CIiANNEl E O 11652 TAGS GDS N A SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE REF FOR IAI STATE 26658VJ LI_-- --___-11 FROM 16 BELGRADE 7777 S P-I REI5BERG Ie STATE 269560 86 ACTING L YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE INTERPRETS REFTEL 1M AS AN HJSTRUCTION TO ALL PERSONNEL TO REFRAIN FROM USING LUFTHANSA FLIGHTS IN F ICT WHILE THE USE OF THE WORD aUOTE ADVIse UNQUOTa MlY HAVE BEEN AMBIGUOUS IN THAT CONTEXT THE SENSE OF THAT MESSAGE WAS THAT POSTS SHOULD CAUTION PERSONNEL ASOUT THE DANGERS INVOLVED NOT THAT US PERSONNEL WERE BEING PLACED UNDER MANDATORY INSTRUCTIONS NOT TO Fl Y LUFTHANS - - I 2 OUR LATER ACirON AMPLIFYING ON DISCRETIONARY NATURE OF SUCH TRAVEL WAS DISCUSSED WITH TOP OFFICIALS OF THE FRG IN BOTH BONN AND W ' SHtNGTON AND IN FACT REF IC LED WITH FRG ADVISORY STATEMENT ITSELF 3 COPIES OF YOUR MESSAGE AND MY REPLY HAVE BEEN SENT TO THE OFFIC S OF THE SECRETARY THE DEPUTY seCRETARY THE EXi CUTIVE SECRE 'ARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEI-J FORUM AS WELL AS TO THE DEPUTY UNDER 5ECR TARY FOR MANAGEMENT THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EUROPEAN AFFAIRS THE DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR seCURITY AND THE DIRECTOR FOR COMBATTING TERRORIS 4 I AM PLEASED THA' VOU RAISED THIS QUESTION THROUGH THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND HOPE YOU FIND THIS CLARIFICATION SATI SFACTORY VANCE SE6REf UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431959 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445864 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE CTMTT ED-- UfrrCTA U Sf----- -- - nrC-u-r'fiTtm-- -- 6 PART ' Departnzent Of State PAGE I ACTION SP- 2 INFO SANTIA e8390 OC -JIJ l· ·ES-1 J1 150-0111' 302e57Z 550-03 1122 1 J'r214 W ------------------060582 o 392 18 OCT 78 FM AMEMBASSY SANTIAGO 'TO SECSTATE WASHOC IMMEDIATE 10S4' TELEGRAM 3 2 H'15Z 76 siP F Ie LIMITED OFFICIAL USE SANTIAGO 839 DISSENT CHANNEL E O -1652 N A TAGS ELAB eI SUBJECT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE RECOMMENDED USG REACTION TO GOC ANNOUNCEMENT OF TRADE UNION ELECTIONS OCTOBER 31 REF SANTIAGO 8355 1 THtS MFSSAGE TDA urTc DISSENT CHANNEL VIEWPOINT OF I _ _ LABOR ATTACHE THF AUTHOR DOES NOT WISH TO RESTRI'CT DISTRIBUTION aUT WISFIES TO ENSURE THAT S IL DOL AND ARA MRSD L RECEIVE COFnES THE RECOMMENDATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS TIME SENSITnVE 2 THE GOC ANNOUNCED THAT TRADE UNION ELECTIOM$ WILL TAKE PLACE ON TUESDAY OCTOBER 31 BUT HAS SO cnRCUMSCRIBEO 'THE PROCEDURES AND RESTRICTED THE ABILITY OF P£RSONS TO PARTICIPATE THAT IT CONSTITUTES A TRAVESTY OF E DEMO'CRATIC PROCESS IN ADDITION AS ALL TRADE UNIonS VOTING IN THE PRIVATE SECTOR ARE EFFECTIVELY DrSSOLvE ON TUESDAY AND RE-ESTABLISHED AS EMPOLYEE ASSOCIATIONS ON WEDNESDAY MANAGEII1ENT AS WELL AS LABOR WILL BE ABLE TO PA RTICIPATE IN DEFINING UNIONS' GOALS IN FUTURE COLLECTIVE BARGAINING NEGOTIATIONS THE IMPLEMENTING REGULf nONS MAKE IT A CRIME REPEAT 'A CRIME TO CAMF'AIGN FOR UNtO OFFliCE AND DISQUALIFIES ALL INCUMBENT UNION LEADERS AND ANY fl RSON HAVING ENGAGED IN POLITICAL ACTIVITY EVEN PRIOR TO THE MILITARY OVERNMENT WHEN SUCH ACTIVITY WAS FERMITTED ADO ENCOURAGED 3 THE NEW LAW ALSO ELIMINATES THE FINANCING OF NATIONA CONFEDERATIONS FORBIDDING CHECKOFFS TO EITHER E CONFEDERATION OF PRIVATE EMPLOYEES ICEPCHI OR THE ASSOClATION OF PUBL IC EMPLOYEES IANEFI THEREBY GUARANTEEING TIlE EVENTUAL DEMISE OF THE TWO LARGEST TRADE UNION CONFEDER TIONS IN CHILE 4 THE USG SHOULD NOT STAND SILENTLY ON -THE SlliELINES WHILE UNDER THE GUISE OF HOLDING DEMOCRATIC EL£CTIONS DEMOCRATIC TRADE UNIONISM IS BEING TRAMPLED IN CHILE THE USG HAS STATED THAT IT WILL MAKE STATEMENTS ON HUMVIN RIGHTS ISSUES WHEN THERE IS A CLEAR STEP eACKW 1 OS BY A COUNTRY IN ITS RESPECT GOR HUMAN RIGHTS TH GlIC LIMITATIONS ON THE OCTOBER 31 TRADE UNION ELECTORAL OCESS IS SUCH A S rEP S THE AUTHOR BELIEVES THAT IT %S IN THE FOREI POLICY INTEREST OF THE UNITED STATES TO CALL TO THE KaTENTION OF THE OC TODAY OCTOBER 30 THAT THE RESTRICTIVE GULATIONS GOVERNING THE OCTOBER 31 ELECTIONS DEBILITATE TRADE UNION INSTITUTIONS AND SO DISTORT OEMOCRATIC PROCED S AS TO MAKE THE ELECTION A MOCKERY OF THE ELECTORAL P CESS LANDAU I 111111 T t' n n I ' r' I AI 11 rro UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445864 Date 12 11 2017 CO 64169 61 IED -------- ---------------------------------------------- U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416961 Date 10 11 2017 --' - - - - - - ---- -' RELEASE IN PART 86 •- ' - ri· inrg Ia_ 1i 8 1 lua ti ·if'i ri li- • ri -'- --'------ - -- ---- _c-·_- - - ------' -' - OUTGOING LIMITED OFFICIAL USE TELEGRAM I ' Depart111ent Of State STATE PAGE 01 ORI GIN SP-02 INFO OCT-01 E5-01 146980 150-00 004 R DRAFTED BY S P MACASEY APPROVED BY S P PKREiSBERG S P NBOYER S P AROMBERG DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S-'P ONL Y ------------------070213 R 232316Z JUN 77 FM SECSTATE WASHDC TO AMEMBASSY ROME 241201ilZ 43 LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 146980 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 PFOR SUBJ ECT REF N A KS us SECURITY POL ICY TOWARDS KOReA ROME 10207 FOR LI____ JI FROM KREISBERG 86 ACTING DIRECTOR S P THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT OF YOUR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE ON us SECURITY POLICY TOWARD KOREA ALAN ROMBERG OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH 1'HE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGES YOUR MESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OfFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THe OPEN'FORUM AS WELL AS THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR EAST ASIAN AND PACIFIC AFFAIRS AND THE DIR CTOR OF THE BUREAU FOR POLITICAL MILITARY AFFAIRS WE COMMEND YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL RePLY AS·PRDMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED C RISTOPHER UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc g 906416961 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 'Date 11 13 2017 IY tJ f ' O '- I ' NFI»ENTIAL IRELEASE IN PART 1 IB_6________ y' ' S P MELY HE X-22562 5 12 76 S P RBARTHOLOMEW ACTING C - MR MONTGOMERY SUBS SIP - MR LYDON EURIEE - MR ANDREWS SUBS BUCHAREST _ IMMEDIATE o DISSENT CHANNEL DELIVER ONLY TO GSO E O 11652 TAGS ' 86 RB ME GDS PL' PFOR EEQT ETRD US RO JM SUBJECT US-ROMANIAN LONG-TERM COOPERATION AGREEMENT REF BUCHAREST 2608_ AND _ NA 2463 DISSENT CHANNEL FOL'LOWING MESS'AGE-DRA-fTED' IN -S P' REFLECTS CONSUL TA W TH-EUR' BUREAU AND- OUNSELORrS OFFICE WE WERE UNABLE O DEAL WITH YOUR DISSENT WITHOUT CONSULTING WITH EUR AND THEREfORE SHOWED BUCHAREST 2463 TO NICHOLAS ANDREWS DIRECTOR OF THE OFfICE OF EASTERN EUROPEAN AFFAIRS EARLY IN THE PROCESS OF SEEKING CLEARANCE FOR THE SUBSTANCE OF THIS OUTGOING'MESSAGE AfTER CONSULTING EUR DEPASSTSEC AFTER CONSULTING EUR DEPUTY ASSISTANT SECRETARY ARMITAGE MR ANDREWS DID NOT KEEP A COpy OF YOUR DISSENT NOR WILL HE' OR ARMITAGE FURTHER DISCUSS THE FACT Of IT BEING SENT OR WHO SENT IT WITHIN THE BUREAU Of EUROPEAN AFFAIRS WE DISCUSSED IN GENERAL TERMS THE POINTS RAISED IN YOUR DISSENT WITH MR LORIMER OF EB BEFORE HIS DEPARTURE WITHOUT INDICATING TO HIM THAT YOU OR A DISSENT CABLE ERE THE SOURCE OF THE POINTS LIST OF PERSONS YOU REQUESTED IN 'LAST SENTENCE OF PARA THREE OF YOUR SECOND MESSAGE THUS CONSISTS OF DEPARTMENT EXE_CUJ IVE SECRETARY OPEN FORUM CHAIR ERSON AND DIRECTOR OF'O FICE '1 ' '- ION i 1 O ce NFI1H N'I'IAl J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Q§lse No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 Date 11 13 2017 FORM DS 322A OCR C6NFlbEM'fIAL I 2 EASTERN EUROPEAN AFFAIRS ANDREWS ALL ARE ALERT TO YOUR CONCERNS RE BUREAUCRATIC SENSITIVITIES YOU· ALLUDED TO AND WILL NOT TAKE ANY ACTION DAMAGING TO YOU OR TO PRINCIPLE Of DISSENT 2 YOU RAISED USEFUL POINTS IN YOUR MESSAGE BUT IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO CONSIDER T EM FULLY PRIOR TO MISSION'S MAY 8 DEPARTURE ARGUMENTATION IN YOUR MESSAGE WAS NOT IN ITSELf SUffICIENT JUSTIfICATION TO DELAY MISSION' DEPARTURE WITH RESULTANT PUZZLING SIGNALS TO GOR 3 THE·· INSTRUC·TIONS-TO· THE - NEGOTI'ATING--MISSION-MAY -_ BE SOMEWHAT LESS URGENT THAN YOU ASSUMED IN YOUR MESSAGE THE US NEGOTIATORS ARE-UNDER-NO -SPECIAL INSTRUCTIONS TO ACCOMMODATE THE GOR IN ORDER TO REACH·AN AGREEMENT If IS TRUE THAT URING HIS LATE JUNE VISIT TREASURYSECRETARY ·SIMON WOULD LIKE TO HAVE AN AGREEMENT FOR HIS SIGNATURE BUT THIS IS NOT OVERRIDING 4 YOUR SUGGESTIONS RE ACCESS TO ROMANIANS AND ECONOMIC FINANCIAL·· AND COMMERCIAL DA TA ARE WE'LL TAKEN THE UESTION IS ARE THEY NEGOTIABLE SINCE THEY GO THE FABRIC OF ROMANIAN SOCIETY AND ARE PARTICULARLY SENSITIVE fOR THE PRESENT REGIME FROM THE DEPARTMENT IT IS VERY DIfFICULT TO EVALUATE THE FEASIBILITY OF INTRODUCING THESE ISSUES AN EMBASSY VIEWPOINT WOULD BE HIGHLY DESIRABLE BUT BEfORE TASKING THE EMBASSY TO COMMENT ON THE ANGLES YOU RAISED WE WOULD WANT YOUR CONCURRENCE A A DISSENTER C 5- IF --YOU -DO- CON UR 'WE- WOUL ·D- AN TICIPArE- ASKING FOR -- EMBASS-Y VIEWS ·-ON -THE-FEA IBILITY Of INTRODUCING· THE _ INFORMATION AND ACCESS ISSUES BOTH fROM THE STANDPOINT OF 1 OBTArNING CONCRETE CONCESSIONS FROM THE ROMANIAN SIDE OR 2 AS A FALlBA K GETTING LANGUAGE WHICH WHILE NOT IN ITSELF SUffICIENT TO GUARANTEE FORWARD MOVEMENT COULD BE USED ON THE GOR AS CASES ARISE 6 REQUEST AND ON THE·MERITS OF THE POINTS YOU RAISE URGE YOUR CONCURRENCE TO ASK AMEMBASSY BUCHAREST FOR SUBSTANTIVE COMMENTS ON YOUR ORIGINAL DISSENT MESSAGE· YOU HAV · RAISED SOME VERY INTERESTING SUBSTANTIVE QUESTIONS AND YOU ARE TO BE COMMENDED WHETHER OR NOT THE EVENTUAL RESULT OF THE NEGOTIATIONS IS ALTERED 7 - --IN THIS- ·CONNEn ION LET US TRY· TO CLEAR UP AN - CAM8IGUITY ·WHICH HAS-· PERS-IS-rED IN THE THREE MESSAGE XCHANGED SO FAR ON THIS SUBJECT IT IS OUR NORMAL PRESUMPTION THAT DISSENT MESSAGES HAVE 8EEN READ BY L - - ' ' ' C9NFIPEP'TH l ' Jo I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIE S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 Date 11 13 2017 o FOR'M DS 322A OCR E9 r FIB E N T At THE AMBASSADOR CHARGE BEFORE TRANSMISSION AS PART OF THEIR PEROGATIVE AS HEAD OF THE COUNTRY TEAM TO READ ALL 'OUTGOING MESSAGES ' IN CASE OF DISSENT HOWEVER _lHEY ARE NOT CLEARING OFFICERS NOR CAN THEY OBSTRUCT TRANSMISSION UNDER DEPARTMENT REGULATIONS DISSENT IS A RIGHT NOT TO BE DENIED OR DISCOURAGED BY SUPERVISORS TO BE EFFECTIVE AND FIRMLY INSTITUTION-' ALIZED HOWEVER THE DISSENT CHANNEL CANNOT RESEMBLE A C ANDESTI E OPERATION y o 6MFI»Er TIAI - - o t ' - --1 UNCLASSIFIEQ U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431507 Date 11 13 20'17 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445650 Date 12 12 2017 ' iRELEASE IN FULLi ' ' ' DEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISION OF LANGUAGE SERVICES TRAriSLAT10U n ' ·· ' 1 10 45 - - ' ' '# lS NO ' '3677 ' ltID JR1 Llbrcv i 11 e 500GOll - S pter 1 ber 7 197t --1 25 L • ou ' ' 'i 1 ' Wft ' i·' t ' French 4 I - ' ' To the pt 'l'sonal attention of - ' are requested to transrait A Ubasendor 1 Ivoun6ou ' ltJashillgton D C • he foll -'ing css ge n as as possible to Sccret ry of State Kissinger Qut te l 'rom ' rcsident Bongo to the personal attention · of Secretary ' Henry K ssingcr l7nshinston ' I have the honor to c mfirrJ the utmost import nte of the Elpeci 11 talssion dispatl hed to Your Excellency to learn your deci t ion the procurement of DC3-63 aircraft for my personal uae reg rding Your are r Gently requested to rccei Te my personal repres lLtal ives J Hr Bru Hr P$ got and Hr Richon an nppointnent lli tll you - ho are prt sently in l1ashington awaiting I officially renew the U rnntica given tn note verbale of June 28 1974 and on the oecqsion of the cpeeial mission's first visit concernin3 the utilization of the aircraft for Ii Y personal use and in 3dditio s for cor aerc i 1l1 Gcrvices on the rO 1tes of carriers Air Afrique and urA under lATA rC't llCltions This ''1ou10 c cludc all countr i cn cndcr sanctiOl'l by the U l·t of o1hich Geboo in a C'l lber llnd · ho c decisions llt we Gnbon I G full SU PCl 't ar d pproval Or e p ization The of Ai ica n Unity Jnd ld r ic 1u Chid or State have been 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445650 Date 12 12 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445650 Date 12 11 2017 1 ' ' • ' ' publicly informed of this procurement and have Dignified their unqualified' ' npproval of hlch the Depa rtment of State has had official notification I 4lDl therefore very vurprifJed and disturbed to learn that the nr surences given on this Dubject may e contested nnd questioned by the competent administrative offices of a friendly nation This matter has • 'j ' rem 1ined unresolved for more than 8ix tllonths a very detrimental and oncrous delay for my country I deem it euscntic l that the special misDion should return to Libreville 1millediately -1ith your favorable deciSion r have the honor 'to nppeal to your profound understanding within the traditional tics of £ iendship uniting our countriec and express 'in 3dvan c' My very sincere thanks l-nth VC'Ly hir h consideration rcsiuent j Albert Bernard non o J' ' ' ' J L f' - Unquote _ ' _ ' r J ' _ 'J • - t i · t - i ' 1 _ ' - r J 'C - ' O' ' - - 1 -• • • ' _ ' - I ·t • • •• ' - ••-_ ' - -•• _ •• • ' i' r- l ' 1 - l - ' -i '-r ' t4 of t' ' ' t - •• ' - • - - - ' l h ' t ·•• ' '•• ' ' 't' ' ' J • • •' '•••' •• • • • •_ •••••••••_ ••••••••••• l' # -••_ ' ' I - _ - ' ' 1 ' ' ' _ 7 ' •• •• - J _ ' ' ••• _o ol i I ' ' -0 I O'NCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445650 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446334 Date 12 11 2017 E6NFIBENTIAl i f PAGE III ORIGIN tt 9l INFO oct·au 2445 • £S'OI t 0 I tiD tilT OISSEIIT CHAUNEL TAGS STATE 6 io ISSUING EXIT I COIlliEIID YOUR USE OF THE 0 ISSENT eHANUEL VAIICE ' omm m • I A to STATE 235393 ToiL_ _- IFROII tAKE B6 NIA SKUll CU SUBJECT DISSENT CRA IliEl CABlE OF AUGUST 7 • DAVID HENDERSOIl REfS 23U91 ' AT lH£ Goe DOES IIOT REQUIRE VISAS PRIOR PlAmlS ADs·sa IOB3 R DRAFTED BY SIP EODOIIIJELL GTH APPROVED BY SIP AUKE ARA CeA RBR IABRAnT I CAlVO IItIEVL In lIARA FARHSIROIlG iUBSTAHCE $ R PCR I COLA SUBStANCEI SIP PHKRE I S8ERG ••••••••••••• ····-0814111 R 8119S9Z SEP 79 FII SECSTATf WASHoe TO AHEHBASSY ASUIICIOII E O nDGS Departntent of State SlATE 2m 3 OUTGO It G TELEGRAM fA' ASUUCIOH 3645 IBI STATE 294273 J THIJIK YOU rOR YOUR DISSEIIT CHARHEl CABlE all KUHAN RIGHTS IN CUBA ' SENT COPIES or YOUR CASlE TO THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY III THE DUREAU Of HUHAII RIGPTS AND HUMAIIITARIAII AFFAIRS THE LEGAL ADVISER AUD THE ASS STAllT SECRETARY III tHE BUREAU OF COIISUlAR AFFAIRS PER YOUR REQUEST AIID JII KEEPtllG ynN THE OEPARTHEHT'S REGUlATIOnS Oil DISSEIIT HiSSAGES THE SECRETMY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARIAt THE UIIDER SECRETARY rOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS IHE ASSISTANT • SECRETARY FOR IIITU·AnERICAII AFFAIRS THE CUBA DESK AIID THE AIRMA' or THE SECRETARY'S OPE II FORun PAHEL 2 SO FAR 11 HAVE 8HII ABLE JoI HAIIDLE THE fUll OF RELEASED OL IJICAL PRISOIIERS COHIIIG TO THE US THROUGH AIRCRAFT CHARTERED BY THE CUBAN'MERICAII COHMUNITY • THUS THE ABSEIICE OF DIRfCT eOMHERCIAL FlIGNTS TO THE US HAS 1I0T BEEn A SIGlIlFICAllT BOTTlEIIECK 1 1 AllY EVEIIT THE RESTORATION OF DIRECT COMMERCIAL fliGHTS 1I0UlD HAVE TO BE COIISIO£REO III THE CO nUT OF THE OVERALL NORHALlZATlOn PROC· ESS A1 D GIVEN THE IIATURE OF OUR CURREIIT RELATIONSHIP THE USG IS HOT HOII PREPARED TO TAKE THIS STEP • • USIIII AIIO THE OEPARTIIEIIT ARE COIITINUIIIG TO UAHIII£ VAYS TO AD IIT RELEASED'POlITICAl PRISOnERS UITO IHE US IIORE RAPIDLY 11 PARA 4 0 REFfEl B liE OUTlIIIED STEPS 'TAKEN IN THIS REGARD SIIICE OUR LAST HESSAGE THREE 1I0RE IUS OffiCIALS ilAVE 8EEII SEUT TO HAVANIIA TO AUGMENT illS lEAII lIE HAVE ALREADY SEEH A SIGIIIFICAI IIICREASE IN THE UUII8ER OF YISAS AHD AIITICIPATE THIS IIIll AT LEAST TRIPLE tHE lUHBER OF VISAS ISSUED THIS nOlITa WE ARE COIlTlIIUIIIG TO EXAHII E IIAYS TO HAKE PROCEDURAL IHPROVEMEIITS SUCK AS CONDUCTING· lESS DElAILtD IIiTERVIEVS 3 ' T E 4 LAND eCA ARE tOORDIMATl G vaRH ON THE QUESTION 0 COll1lllUIIIG VAliDIT' or THE IOU ·AS AN IHTERIIATlO lAl OBlIGP ' TlON AIID VILL BE CDlIPlETlHG THIS SOOH 11 IIILL ADVISE YOU or THE OUTCOME USIHT HAVAIIIIA HAS REOUIRED EXIT PERnlTS BEFORE ISSUIIIG IIIHIGRAIIT VISAS PRIHARllY to INSURE THAT IIITH TNE Fl D OF APPLICAIiTS AIID L1l1mD COIISUlAR PERSDIIIIEL THE ONES illiG GO THROUGH THE PROCESS AUD RECEIVE VISAS CAN III fACT lEAVE THE COUIITRY IT IS OUR UIIDERSTANDING eeNFIBENTIAl UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446334 Date 12 11 2017 ------------------------------ co 6415481 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415481 Date 10 11 2017 SECRET PACE BI or BZ ORIGIN ll E IIIFO OCT-al mTE Departnlent Of State e-sWg ISO-8B OtlHY IBB3 R 66911 • DRAFTED BY SIp lAAUSEY BOll APPROVED BY SIP RJHARR IHGIOII DIST SIP DillY ------------------IIB136l lum 161 R IIcZ55Z IJ I R 11 F SECSTATE WASHoe TO AMEI IBAS5Y BE IRUT 1811 STm Bllm o-UTGO ING TELEGRAM RELEASE IN PART 86 I STRO-ISRAELI OIY£RCEIlCE III tlABHIrAH mAIR l1D RESULII IG DISORDER I SOUTH HAVE VEXED ASAD REGWE ANO OTHER OBSERVERS AS WElL fRO OAIIASCUS 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AnD WOASSY BE IRUT 2 PARTIA CONVERGEIICE Of SYRQ-ISRAEL InrERESTS OPERATIVE IN l SAIIOIJ fOR A PRO II IAIElY PASI TEAR HAS BEGUN 10 SHon SIGIIS Of SERIOUS SLIPPAGE PRIOR TO RECEnT lABAIIYAH AHAIR IIICREMENTAL II SERTIDIIS OF SYRIAN TlOOPS 11110 LEBAlIOrl Aim THEla SHirrs MOUIlD courHRY 'ERE TOlERAlEO BY ISRAnlS -- SUBSEQUEnT 10 VIGO OUS EXCHAriGES AM NC PARTIES FACILITATED BY U S AND JO O 1I1A1l GOOD OffiCES -- ArID REFLECTED UUOERL YIHG COMMON INTERESTS Of BOIH ISRAEL ArID SYRIA III FORESrAlllrlG ESTABLISHI IETt OF MlAI THEY YlE H AS RADICAL PALtslIlIlAn-DOMlllATED REGlUE IN LEBA ION ISRAEli UIlWlLlIllCHESS 10 TOLERATE SYRIAII OEPlOTMfl1T Tn NABATtYAH SIGIiAtLED W UllltG OF moISRAEL I COrtVERGEriCE AIID E TRAliCE InTO HEW PHASE Of lEBAIiESE CRISIS IH f lllCH SYRIAIl AIIO ISRAHI ACTlorlS POIEriTIALLY WVERHEO BY OIVERGEliCE OF IWIUAl IIITERfST 3 mO-ISRAELI OISHARMOUY III SOUTH LEBAlIOII APPEARS TO HAVE 111111 ALL Y CAUe 1 O IUASWS BY SURPR I SE E THER OR lIoT BOTH SIDES CO lSCIOUSlY 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TaE LAST H 'R 111 HAVE RE SOrmlt GROUIIDS TO DEPE 0 011 5TRIAif PWDRIWIC AlID Slifer S RI 'S IRVDLVEIJ NT 1 1 LEDANon H S BWI A MAJOR Di rWlIIIAIIT or ITS WllllrlGNESS 0 PLAl' POSITIYE nOlE III REACHIIiC S lTLEMEIfI I'IITH IS A£ fOlITIC 1 CAPiTAl JrlVESTEO III THIS STRAlfGY VIIMO sHIm Rf4S0IlSLE PnOBABIIITY OF ADOIIIG 10 RATHER IH I O PLETiIlC OUR FUTURE HEGOTIAIING ASS£IS IJUn HY UIlQUOTE - - VANCE SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415481 Date 10 11 2017 ' C0641690WIED-·U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 20f-r- DEPARTMENT OF STATE W shingloo D C 20520 May 19 1977 ' CONFIDENTIAL I Office c o-o r-d 'n-a to r-rf o-r H um a n Rights 86 of The and Humanitarian Affairs Room 7802 Department of State 86 DearIL_ _ _ --' This letter is in reply to your dissent channel memorandum of April 19 on Changing United States CSCE Policy to take the Offensive • u S strategic goals in CSCE seem closer to those you advocate than is recognized in your memorandum The centerpiece of U S policy toward CSCE has been to press the Soviet Union and East European states for maximum feasible imple entation of the Final Act We have relegated new CSCE proposals at Belgrade tp'a lesser status out of concern that they might detrac't from the attention given to the review of implementation Moreover we hope to orient those limited new western proposals which we do advance in such a way as to pro ote implementation of exis ing Final Act undertakings As you correctly indicate the Belgrade Review Conference is an instrument to promote our CSCE objectives rather than an end in itself However the Belgrade meeting affords us the prime source of that limited leverage we possess to press for implementation We are all aware that soviet compliance will not come easily given the character of the authoritarian Soviet political system and the history and traditions of the Russian state But beyond the Soviet stake in relations with the U· S and the West generally the prospect of the Belgrade review and the Soviet fear of oeing placed in the dock offers the best inducement for Eastern progress toward implementation Successful use of the Belgrade mechanism to promote implementation depends on a cornmon western position Were CONFIDENTIAL ' - ' ' -_ j UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-201_ 07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 ----------------------------------------------------------------- -co 641690 8 IED u s Department of State Case o F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL -2- we to get too far ahead of our allies we could be isolated at Belgrade and put up against enormous pressure -- f om West as well as East -- for hasty adjournment Recent Danish and other allied efforts to est blish a final date target date to close the conference indicate what could happen if allied confidence in ·U S purpose s and commitment to a common CSCE approach were undermined This does not imply' that the u s should subscribe to the lowest common allied denominator concerning how vigorously to press for compliance Nor have I e done so In fact the allied CSCE strategy paper pproved at the recent spring NATO· Ministerial Meeting reflects overwhelmingly the cont·ributions and recommendations made by the u s over the last two years We will want to continue this active u s involvement in Western policy-making in NATO and in the Hestern caucus at Belgrade While taking account of allied interests In sum close NATO consultations 'do not relegate the goal of CSCE implementation to a lesser status Rather as was borne out at Helsinki and Geneva a common western position is a precondition for the aC90mplishment of U S objectives in CSCE Beyond Belgrade diplomacy it is clear that bilateral diplomacy and other multilateral activity as in the ECE are importa t supplementary tools for promoting implementation These diplomatic channels have been used throughout the last t lO years and will continue to be used ' It should be noted 'that bilateral demarches in Eastern capitals are launched by the U S and without prior clearance with NATO allies I note'your point that we should S €p up our use of bilateral demarches in Eastern capitals to press for implementation We plan to continue the bilateral approaches we have been making since Hel inki For example we made a strong representation along the lines you suggest to the Romanians only two we'eks ago But I agree with your view that now is a good ime with the Belgrade meetings just ahead to examine hether such diplomatic representations should be esc·alated in number or in level I will ask the European Rm eau to consider this matter and to initiate pertinent ac·itions including recommendations to the Deputy Secretary as appropriate I CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State C _t 'J0' F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 co 641690 8 IED u s Department of State ' Case No F-2016-07743 Doc CONFIDENTIAL -3- No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 I You have recommended that the U S seek confirmation at Belgrade of a CSCE state's right of inquiry regarding another CSCE· state's compliance along with the responsibility of the addressed CSCE state to reply substantively to such inquiries on a timely basis There are two difficulties witl1 this recommendation First it is likely to produce a protracted theoretical debate it would be rejected by the Eastern states given CSCE consensus rules of procedure and it would in any case be nearly impossible to carry out in practice what is an adequate reply • Secondly your proposal could be a backt rard step All Western countries· have·asserted the right of both inquiry and demarche concerning implementation during the two yea·rs since the Final Act 'laS signed This is standard international practice and has not been put in question by the Soviets Your proposal could place this practice in doubt The better approach would be simply to continue pressing for implementation before during and a ter the Belgrade Review Conference Finally you have proposed establishment of a new office EUR CSCE to shape CSCE policy in connection with EUR offices other interested Department Bureaus and the CSCE Co ission Under this approach EUR CSCE also would make use· of designated u s Embassy officers to pursue bilateral representations I take your purpose here to be to accord CSCE a higher policy priority by establishment of a separate CSCE office and to increase personnel resources dedicated to adva cing our CSCE objectives Given the importance of the NATO connection and the fine job done by EUR RPM in pursuing our CSCE ·objectives I do not believe you have made a case for shifting action to a new CSCE office CSCE has already been accorded ·higher priority by the Secretary's desLgnation of -1r Christcpher and Mr Nirnetz to oversee it from a seventh floor perspective This is a task in which Mr Lake Ms Derian nd other seventh floor principals also participate As to increased Department resources I am sure you are aware that EUR has pursued this aim for· some time This issue has been brought t·o the attention of the Director General who has weighed CSCE requirements agains other priorities As a result the EUR RPl-1 CSCE staff has been augmented by two officers • Nonetheless I am calling your view to the attention of t1r Moose and the Director General for their further ·consideration Concerning our East European posts each·concerned Embassy already is engaged in our bilateral representations as well as in monitoring CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 co 641690 8 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 CONFIDENTIAL -4and reporting on CSCE·imp1a entation in their host countries Our Embassys make use of their political economic and consul ar officers in pursuing these obj ecti ves I appreciate your concerns which we all share CSCE policy must take into account implementation of the Final Act and other important U S · foreign policy interests These include our relationships with the western ailies the USSR and East European states the European neutrals and numerous East-West negotiations hope you will cont inue to contribute to the pursuit of our important C5CE objectives both through your daily· activities in ·D HA and the CSCE Commission and through your particfpation in the work of the Policy Steering Group Paul H Kreisberg Acting Director Policy Planning Staff cc 5 D P C EUR DG S P PKaplan jk S S D HA and M 5 19 77 CONFIDENTTAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06416908 Date 10 11 2017 C06417039 _ _ ' - _-- CABINET LEVEL CONHITTEE CLC r1EETIHG TO DISCUSS IRELEASE IN FULq STATUS OF ILO SITUATIOI'I Arm'POSSIBLE RECOtJ MENOATIONS TO THE PRESIDENT on Tuesday August 16 1977 REFERRED FOR CONSUL TATION White l Notes prepared by Hilliam J vanden Heuvel I-H o u se - _ _ _ _--' Th e meeti n£ be an at 10 40 am in the Conference Room of the Department'of Labor The Secretary of Lab or Ray f'1ars hall presided In'addi ti qn th ose i n attendance included the Secretary of'State l Cyrus Vance Zb5gni ew Brzezinski National Seeuri ty Advis ori· the Under S ecretary of Commerce Si dney Harman r'lr George 11ea ny r-1r lane Kirkland and Mr Ir¥ing Brow representing the AFL CIO Charles Smith president of U S Chamber of Commerce Mr Dantel HorOl-sitz Special Assistant to the Secretary of Labor 11r Charles Maynes Assistant Secretary of State Dale Good Department of State Ambassador oJilliam J vanden Heuvel · The Secretary of Labor Ray t·larshall Rt'l opened the meeting by s uggestlng th ere were three o 1tions available for di scuss i on 1 1 Jith draNa 1 from the I LO and if SO th e 'form and tone of the announcement l withdrawal of the letter of intent and 3 an extension of the date of the letter of intent RM further indicated that the CLC should discuss whether the President should make an immediate decision or whether hi decision should be delayed to a date closer to the November 5 deadline RM indicated what he thought the CLC should consi'der the kind 'of actions that 'JO 11d be necessary after the president makes the decision such as the future of the CLC itself b the impact of the President's decision in relation to other countries and c an increase in bilateral labor activities R ·1 also raised the question as to what fom 'lould be best in formulatina a report to the President tati n9 that one possibility might be a memorandum laying out the ootions ' hich 'lOuld have aonended to it the additional comments that the ndividual members of the' LC thought it necessary to make RM then took the oecas on to wi sh a happy bi rthday to r tr r'ieany ho happened to be 83 on thi s day lr Neany re ll i ed by sayi ng that if he had known he was oi g to live so long he would have taken better ca re of h5 shea 1th by both the Government and the AFL-ClO Daniel Horowitz DH cited the two years of unique effort 'Ihich had been made after Dr Kissinger had sent the notice of intent to vJithdraw in November 1975 He pointed out that the letter i ts elf 'Ias sent after a long period of frustration and disappointment regarding developments in the ILO The Ki ssi n er 1etter e xpressed concern about GDS C06417039 - en --- · · - - - ' - - - '_ - ·· r·· • 0 - ' 1· • • • ' · _ _ ·--- 7 t - • '__ -- - __ _ 'a v- -2- various Lrends in the ILO it said if these trends were not si nificantly modified the US will withdraw its membership Under the direction of the CLC the initial focus Jas on the industrial democratic countries A special envoy 'las dispatched to those countries to e plain the American position and concern and DH continued meetinq with representatives of those countries after Ambassador Silberman' s mission was completed DH himself visited 32 developing countries to discuss the ILO problem in detail There seemed to be promising interim progress at least through the Governing Body meeting in I arch 1977 The 1977 ILO Conference ' aS a great disappointment Pressure on the LOC's from the Soviet Union a d the Arab nations resulted avera 11 in the Conference's fail ure to modify those trends which we had identified as inimical to continued American membershio Horst of all the effective machinery of the ILO regarding the protection of human rights which has been used selectively in years past as severely assaulted by the action of the Conference in turning down the report of the Committee on the Application of Convent ons and Recommendations CACR II DH poi nted out that the abstention procedure was used which he described as the technical way of defeating something in an IlO Conference The debate on the CACR reDort lasted six hours It reoresented an orchestrated effort to repudiate the machinery that the IlO had developed over the years in the protection of human ri ghts Although the enonnous effort of a number of parties at the Conference had avoided another Israeli res01ution the Arabs used the debate to argue that the ILO machinery has 110 application to Occupied T erritories thereby defending the condemnation of Israel without due process OH indicated·that he emphasized the human rights aspect of the ILO problem because it s the most fundamental concern He pointed out that the attempt to amend Article 17 had been approved by the Governing Body but the Conference referred the proposed amendment to the Committee on Structure 'Ihere it kne no action would be taken because of the comolicated restructuring proposals that were pending before it The US failed in its objectives as outlined in the 1975 letter If we stay beyond the designated hlO-year period we will be upholding the extremists' argument -- who have said consistently that the US never intended to vlithdr2 ·1 and that the letter vias an empty threat The democratic ·industrial countries can carry the obligation of reform We should leave the door open for return If the democratic industrial countries can do · hat they say they intend to do then we can look to an early return Our withdrawal would force the'LDC's to rethink their position We would have considerable more bargaining p0l1er outside of the ILO - ' - - • ------ - _ - - - - - - - C06417039 v 's '-_' ' '---- - i - - •• ' -j ' '''' ''- t '-'r _ _ ••• ' • a - 3 - George Meany G l Two years ago for reasons that v ere not frivolous a letter of notice of intent to Vlithdraw vias sent by the u s Government to the IlO and this CLC was fermed Our intent jt the time was to bring about changes that would enable the US to stay in the ILO GM said that he could not think of anything more that could have been done in this two year period The CLC reviewed every option It designated Ambassador Silberman to talk to the European group to let them know the seriousness of our intentions the n Daniel Horowitz vias assigned to visit the LDC's Every possible effort 't'las made One of the trends we objected to ras the double standard in ILO which saw resolutions against South Africa for Apartheid but not against the Soviet Bloc countries Through the 1976 IlO Conference we made some progress if only in lining up our allies in a solid position with us We taTked to the Director General Francis Blanchard because GM knows the Secretariat can be tremendously useful if it wants to be He fel t that Bl anchard di d not take the US threat to vtithdraw seriously although he tried to be helpful toward the end Spring 1977 GM approached the 1977 ILO Conference hopefully where he said categorically that the Soviets not the Arabs controlled the situation GM said he had hoped that the Soviets would soften their stance when they sa 'l the US determination to withdraw but that did not happen The record is clear Labor has made no official statement since February 1976 It has cooperated totally with the representatives of the Employers gl'OUpS GM expressed the opinion that the President should announce immediately that the 1975 letter stands and will take effect on November 6 1977 but that 'ie are prepared to work YHh any country and all countries to prepare for our return to the ILO The ILO could call a special meeting of the Governing Body it could do many other things if it was really anxious to make decisions that would affect our resumption of membership He had been told by the Director General that an extension of the notice of · ithdra' ·lal could not be done G 1 nm'l understands that the legal Advisor of the ILO has a new and different opinion This is another example of the Secretari at adjusting the 'charter and regulations of ILO for opportunistic purposes We should rithdraI1 · He can then go back as a member - it only takes a simple letter u • After we are out we can work actively with our -all ies to immediately go back Charles Smith C5 On behalf of the Employer groups he expressed wholehearted agreement with Horowitz' recitation CS complimented the Labor and Government roles and said that the four delegates to the 1977 ILO see this decision in the same ay Other employers in the world have informed him that they· believe the us attitude is absolutely right Their only query is why the US has waited to CONFI I5EIHIA l _ d C06417039 - ' - 4 - long before withdrawing CS said that he believes the repudiation of the 1977 I LO Conference was del i berate He agrees wi th r l 11eany that there is no way to change the ILO if the US backslides from its threatened withdrawal The chance for change in the ILO is zero if e change our course C5 does not see any ay to achieve realistic resuHs unless ' e follow through on withdrawal Otherwise' those who have always questioned our determination will use our present vacillation to prove that they were a1 ' ays right about US intentions Secretary Vance SS agrees that everyone vias disappointed by the 1977 ILO Conference But he believes that the bleakness of that disappointment should be softened by the knowledge that some important progress was made For example the solid support of the democratic industrial nations is heartening and we have seen since the adjournment of the 1977 Conference an increased acceptance by our allies tha t c1 1gEl i 'the tlO is necessary The SS confessed to a bias ttia't he 1 0u1 crbate to leave this important area of international iabor relations to Soviet domination Reliable reports from several governmental agencies indicate that attempted Soviet domination will be one of the results o US withdrawal from the ILO He indicated that a benefit of US withdrawal would be the enhancement of American credibil ity that might come by our sustaining our threat to 'lithdra ' if certain results had not been achieved b'y November 1977 On the other hand SS thought there were important limitations to this argument For one thing US withdrawal and our enhanced credibility would not bring abnut our objectives of reform He raoised the possibil ity of Ihether another year might not give us the time to affect those changes The cost of US withdrawal would include a sharply critical international reaction a possible spillover of resentments in the UN and in the forthcoming session of the General Assembly In the long run he believes withdrawal would have serious foreign policy consequences The shock to our European allies of our withdrawal from ILO would have an adverse impact on the Western Alliance US withdrawal would be a bad precedent for how this Government is going to handle international crises It would undermine our attempts to reach the Third World and to influence them toward moderate rather than radical viewpoints In th absence of the US in the ILO the 5S doubts that constructive changes would take place If we stay we will sustain our objectives and our allies if we leave we desert them 5S propos d an extension of our letter of notice to withdraw for one more year There are a series of efforts that will take place culminating in the 1978 IlO Conference If we cannot see the substantial achievement of our objectives'by that time he is willing to say okay let's go but he is impressed by the countries that have come forward to urge support of our objectives ' C06417039 ' ' - - ' - - - - - 5 -' and to express a willingness to work toward their achievement He is not in a position to guarantee the various professions of help that have come from Third World governments but the fact is that many Third World countries have come forward with affirmative statements SS urged that the meeting delay any recommendations or conclusions because leaders of Congress have asked that it be consulted before a decision is made vie should prepare to layout the alternatives for the President1s consideration express' our individual views to the President but again he urged that no conclusions be reached at this meeting ' Zbigniew Brzezins i Z8 Whatever recommendation is made to the President 'JOuld have a very significant impact on American involvement in international affairs The CLC recommendations should represent the widest possible consensus so that the President will have solid support for whatever decision he reaches If we recommend today to the Pres i dent that the US ' i thdraw from the ILO we will in effect be taking a stand in August about an event that is not scheduled until November If we recommend to the President an extension of our letter of withdrawal at this meeting we undercut our effectiveness during the weeks between now and November reducing our leverage to effect change and gaining nothing in return We are avJare of the IIpernicious attitude of the Soviets and some of the Arab nations in the ILO I'le are also a 'lare of rising anxiety 'lithin the ILO itself ZB proposes that the action of the ClC today should be to let our threat stand By October we will have a better view of the problem We should postpone any recommendation until then meanwhile majntaining our position supporting the seriousness of our determination to withdraw and wait until October to make recommendations to the President so that intervening events if any can have their impact ll CS There ' s no opportun ity betvleen nOVi and November for anyoneto do anythi ng about the stated concerns and objectives of the November 1975 letter There is no opportunity for the IlO to how either a disposition to progress or actual progress because the opportunity to make changes does not exist during this interim period CS suggests that the CLC decision now announcing our recommendation to the President to withdraw might cause special action by the IlO and its member states ZB This interim does provide an opportunity to other govern ments to take positions and to make those positions knmln to the President There is no conceivable tactical gain for the CLC to make any decisions today le deprive ourselves of nothing by ' aiting unti 1 October -- - - C06417039 _------------------------------------------------------------------- i- ''''''' '''''''' - '_ - _ -_ O - X ' • ·_ee- 0 ''' '0' 1' - - A ____ • _ - ' '_ T - ' • - - _ ft •• ' LK For two years we have conducted ourselves honorable in support of an honorable position No country whose opinion we respect has disagreed with the objectives and the reasons for the 1975 letter Throu 9hout the history of US involvement in the ILO there has been no real commitment 'or support by the U S Government delegates For example in the 1974 Conference mu h time was spent by the Government La'bor and Employer representatives in reaching agreed positions to present at the IlO Conference But when LK reached Geneva and asked to see the cable outlining the Government's instructions to the governmental delegates he was astonished to find that it authorized lobbying efforts at the conference to gain support for the agreed upon objectives but no diplomatic effort ' ould be made This abstention from real effort was the Government's attitude for many years One of the results of the 1975 letter has been a change in the Government 5 commitment LK is' not impressed by arguements that this decision affecting thi IlO ill have a profound effect on foreign affairs The ILO has never been con idered important befor The 1975 letter also served the purpose of showing what the US could do if ' e real1y tried lie wanted to be able to say to the world that if in fact we did withdraw it would only be after massive ffort that would end with no stone left unturned We have established that The faults in the IlO are not caused by the US We including the Government have done everything that I' e cou1d possibly do Our mutual efforts produced only a fe 1 more votes LK concludes therefore that the flaws in the ILO are fundamental that they are inherent in the organization itself and that our past and continued efforts cannot truly affect them J Regarding the impact of withdrawal· from the ILO on our alliances and other multilateral relations LK expressed the' View that those problems I'lere conside'red ' hen the letter 'fas ' ritten and when the letter was reaffirmed If l'le 'Jere serious men oJhen · e authorized the 1975 letter then those problems were part of qur consideration and we determined our willingness to absorb the impact of possible withdrawal at that time Sending the letter and iiiEillLC a rJ e r 's endorsement of it i nvo 1ve a I'd 11 i ngnes s Q 2£ c P L1JL _ £ 9Jls e4u ences of withdrawal In LK's judgment the impact of the US decision is marglnal either I·ray His opinion s that US · ithdra'tlal will have no important effect Our position in these organizations is not so rewarding that the decjsion we are about to make should be regarded as so crucial The 1975 letter Exists its terms are clear the major effort was made by the US in good faith and as a citizen of the US LK 'would be shocked and appalled if our Government no 'l says that the letter was not meant seriously and it now finds a way to work around its terms He suggested one overriding question Hhat AL ' ••••••• 1 ' -i' co 641 7 03 9 · ' ' i·· ' 'r - M J i±-· '- '' -'' '-''' ' t ' ¢- p' ' - - - ' ' -- •• ••• - - - r- _ • •••• i ' · ·_ r ' __ t • I ' ' ' t ' - 7 - does anyone propose to do now that I' e have not already done As the saying goes jf you don't know it doesn't really matter LK has heard of no new effort no added leverage no new program that shoul d a lter our determi nati on to I'IHhdravl CS is convinced that many of the delegations at the ILO Conference did not believe that the US was serious in its threat to withdraw They I'lere convinced then and are convinced nol' tnat a repri eve l' i11 come and they biised their voting on that conviction 14ithdra 'i no -- we will give strength to our allies There are 18 to 20 countries that are our friends They have to conv'ince countries like Somalia Venezuela and Mexico that we were serious about our objectives The only new element to add to their efforts is the event of our withdrawal SS replied it is interesting that tVIO of the three countries mentioned by CS namely Venezuela and Mexico have made serious and direct statements to the 5S regarding their hope that the US will remain a member of the no In response to lK S5 said that LK is right$ that we do have to kno -I what we want The main effort wi 11 have to come from our allies but we should lose no time in efining what we want before considering the means of achieving it ZB e does not disagree with what LK has said but those same remarkS can be made in mid-October The issue is vlhether the US can be effective not alone serious in its determination ZS suggests that our posi ti on rema i n unchanged The 1etter rema ins in effec't which expresses our intent to withdraw by a certain date He can have further discussions with other governments Something might happen at the General Assembly that lOuld influence our recomlJlendation In'any event many things can happen GM In taking up what Dr Brzezinski ha said GM repeated_ his understanding that ZB lIas saying that our positions should remain unchanged that the letter relating our intent to withdraw was still in effect and that we should eet in October to see what has happened if anything to change that determination to I' ithdravi If that is the recommended position for the CLC today that is okay I'lith GM He agrees -- no problem ' - Sidney Harman Commerce SH If he had heard LK's statement_ for the first time in October 1977 he I tould not hesitate to agree to ' 'recommend withdrawal - i N · - e- ' C06417039 --- - - ---- ---- -------- - - - - • - - - -- -' --' -- - ' ' - - - A •• _ ' 1 ' -' _ - 8 - LK If no action is to b taken by the-CLC today then one important thing is to deflect the growing attitude that labor's intransigeance is the principal p essure for withd awal - Ir in Brown 18 strongly supported LK's statement saying that growing propaganda arou d the world was making-it appear that it was a reactionary combination of Labor and Employer representatives in the US who are working for withdrawal If these next two months ire to be useful one question is what can be done to reinstitute the supervisory machinery that 'la5 denigrated by the Conference's refusal ' to accept the CACP report IB said that as one of the ILO vice presidents he personally saw the Soviet Bloc-Arab Bloc alliance which effectively destroyed the opportunity for progress of the 1977 Conference DH cha 11 enged the proposal to exten'd the 1etter of 'Ii thdravla 1 sayingthat the US has argued in the pqst that the e-harter should be applied as written He personally had talked to the Legal Advisor of the ILO in 1976 who then told him that there was no way that the' notice f intention to withdraw c6u1d be extended Through 1976 one of our principal complaints has been that the Director General had bent the rules of the ILO in response to politica1 pressure For the US to seek the bending of a clearly-stated legal conclusion in the Charter will put s in a terribly awkward position Technically the Legal Advisor's opinion would still be subject to challenge DH raised the question as to how seriously the US would be regarded if we accepted the extension proposal LK He supports this statement by DH Jhen weak men leave the company of books they are inclined to make company with the devil 5S He has been informed that the EC-9 have asked for an official oplnl0n regarding the possible extension of the notice of w thdrawal from the Legal Advisor of the lLO Let us wait and look at the opinion if it is rendered CS What all of us are c6nsidering is what is best for ihe in_terests of the US He has great sympat hy for the State Department We are like Gulliver tied to the ground by ropes with Somalia and Sri Lanka and 25 oth er little countries telling us 'lhat to do It is the structural weakness of international organizations that disturbs him It is very dangerous and goes 'I ay beyond the ILO It aff cts the whole UN ' c C06417039 - • - ' _ •• - i •• _-_ I· · • - '''''- · ····T·· --' - 01-' • - - -'_ _- -_ - __ _ - ' -- - - - - 9 - Sidney Harm n 5H Our attitude has been to save the ILO but we should remember that Gulliver did escape from the Lilliputians and certainly- it is worth waiting to see 'Ihat the next several months reveal CS Agreed to go along with the decision to postpone any actionu'ntil October but asks what we are going to do during the interim period SS The 55 i ndi cated that he had been informed that the £C- 9 countries and Canada among others were discussing an initiative related to the expected opinion from the Legal Advisor of the ILO regarding the possible xtension of the notice of withdrawal Many countries are iving urgent consideration to what might be said and done to encourage the US to remain as a member of the ILO DH Questions relating to structural reorganization will now rise to the surfact in the ILO debate One of the structural changes that has been proposed relates to the composition of the Governing Body and to the non-elected membership of the ten leading industrial nations The US has taken the position that there should be no change After all there was an increase in the membership of the Governing Body as recently as two years ago and the G-77 nations have a majority of its m mbership Structural questions are not going to be resolved before November The LDCts will demand as a price for their support of our principles that we agree to structural changes 5S The 55 accepted Mr Horowitz's remarks as 'indicating that it would be impossible for any agreement to be reached regarding structural changes before November and the 55 agrees that we should not put impossible standards' in the path of searching out an appropriate recommendation to the President rr The structural changes are aimed at the autonomy of the worker-employer groups They must be resisted DH Structural changes represent an effort to give the ILO Conference plenary authority ' ithin the ILO structure Under the pres ent c i rcums tances the Govern ng Body as nm'l composed gives us a fighting chance to sustain our principles If ole allm'l the Governing Body fo be changed we might as well throw in the towel The·proposal to eliminate the permanent non-elected seats in the Governing Body is really an attack on the Security Council of th e' United Nations If the attacking forces are successful in the ILO the Security Council will be next - co 64170 3 9 1 · ' L ' aw 't t 5 y - ' t' t 'IV ' J - r · _ n si t t ·t£ · t 't - It i • M ' - 10 - ' S5 asks Mr Kirkland what he would like to see the next two months accomplish d in LK The restoration of the supervisory machinery for the acceptance of the report of the Committee of Experts is the most important thing that can be done 5S reminded Mr Kirkland that although that objective was of the highest priority it could not be accomplished within the next two months Gf4 Meany suggested that the lUi could call a 'special conference on four months notice One of the reasons he ' ants a decision to withdraw is that it would pressure the ILO to search out any and all means such as a special conference to make decisions that v Ould i nfl uence us I Someone pointed out that the ILO Charter provides that a special conference could only be called by the Governing Body which is not schedul d to meet until Nove'mber so therefore a sp cial ILO Conferenc could not be convened at the earliest before March of 1978 CS We should tell those count ies that are friendly to us that the ClC has made no decision today that the ball is in their court that we will remain in contact with them for the next two months but that they must take the initiative' in sho't ing I'that can be done ' LK The report of the Committee of Experts on the application of conventions and recommendations was particularly important in 1 77 because its paragraph 31 acknowledged the principle that only a single stand'ard of performance will be used in applying and monitoring ILO conventions Labor regards this as critically important because for years its spokesmen have been arguing against the double standard which the Communist nations have sought in investigations that affect their countries The actual text of paragraph 31 is as follows The committee discussed the approach to be adopted in evaluating national law and practice against the'requirements of international labour Conventions It reaffirms that its function is to determine whether the requirements of a given Conventions are being met whatever the economic and social conditions existing in a given country Subject only to any 1· - - 11 - derogations which are expressly permitted by the Conventions itself these requirements remain constant and uniform for a11 countri es In carry ng out thi s vlOrk the Committee is 'gui ded by the standards laid down in the Convention alone mindful however of the fact that the modes of their implementation may be different in different States These are iryternational standards and the manner in which their implementation s evaluated must be uniform and must not be affected by concepts derived from any particular social or economic system GM As the Di ector General said at the 1977 Conference the its Committee of Experts 'Jhen they rejected conscience of the ILO their report the ILO Conference rejected its conscience Mr Meany pointed out that there is a campaign on to convince the President to stay in the ILO He cited a letter from Senator Hubert Humphrey to the President which said that the ILO is a great defender of human rights He pointed out that another Labor leader had addl'essed a public message urging the US to stay in the ILO' Douglas Fraser President of the United Auto Workers has sent a letter which was pub 1i shed by the HASHINGTON pOST • Mr Meany also said that he had eceived a personal message yesterday August 15 from Pope Paul VI urging him to consider his opposition to the American membership in the ILO Can you imagine the ope taking the trouble to end me a personal message is The meeting ended at 12 10 p m ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 DEPARTMENT OF STATE DIVISIO l OF LANG UAGE SERVICES TRMISLATION L NO 42 439 'n-122 R a XIV French • E mASSY 9· OF ·Tlm REPUBLIC OF GABON IN THE UNITED STATES Uo S0404 AH Washington Jhne 28 1974 The Embassy of the Republic of Gabon in the United States of tUnerica presents its compliments to the Department of State and has the honor to reiterate the extreme interest that its Govermnent attaches to the immediate issuance of an c· J' a i rplane nOH -being ex ort purchas d license for a lcDonne11 Douglas DC8·63·CF - from Seaboard • rJ-t' ' I r t J s· intended for the personal use of the President of 1 1 -- 61' 11_ ' 11 t • IV - ' 11' h e Repu bl'l C 0 f Ga b on as Ie 11 as f b- y or I tra e 0 ff l Cl a 1 m1 SS1 onS 0I f t he ' Gabonese Government This transport tion at present is provided by the cxPe3sive method of chartering flights on various airlines Air-Afriquc UTA Air Zaire etc On numerous occasions this matter has been brought to the Department -' of State1s attention through both the United States Embassy at Librevi le nd the Embassy of the Repubi ic of Gabon at Hashington Furthermore a l pertinent do cU llenl s lere transmitted in due time to the American authorities Nonetheless no decision has been taken so the President of the Re· public of Gabon decidcd to send a plenipotentiary and extrp ordinary mission to the Department of StatcJwhich the Ambassador of the Re public of Gabon had the honor to lead on Friday June 28 1974 The exceptional nature of - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 I this mission underlines the j mp0t tance that the Chief of State and the Gabonese Governme t t attach to I prompt solution Indeed it should be pointed out that 1 On Harch 20 1974 the Republic of Gabon represented by its Hinister of fhe Economy and Fj nancc signed the contract to purchase the aforesaid aircraft from Seaboard and immediately made a dOHn payment of US$ 400 000 The American' authorities l lere advised of this transaction 2 Concurrently approaches Here made to the Export-Import Bank of the United States Hhich offered the hope that a favorable be forthcoming 3• FUl'thermore the American financial esta blishments 'Gabonese Republic stated that 'they 10uld make the additional financing 16 1974 the Pr csj dcnt of the Republic' of Gabon transmitted all relevant information concerning the use and opera tion of·the aircraft to the President of the Export-Lnport Ba k The 'United States 'Ambassador at Libreville was also informed - 5 During his visit to the United States during the same period the President V I ' v11 Iu r ' ' i 't of the Republic of Gabon Has informed of no pote ial objections or rest ic ' '·c I • • • rL r' •• t r -1•• ' t oil tions concerning the purchase of th DC -63-CF Horco 'cr il contract for v l ' I • 'J f t t 1 1' ' r'o ___ t r - the purcr l Jc of t1crculcs C-130 ' o s concl l- d simult neously dth no d fh- · ' • 1 culty being raised HO eve r the l q- del y in issuing the export license for the DCS-53··CF implied that the A erican authorities might have c rcain reservations that had neve ' been explicitly s ta ted _ 1 I ' J r • • I JA j u Pii r J 'v r • P r r ' C3l Jo e v t- Ji v·t Jv t 1 J 't · 11 1 1 V· t· · L _ # I _ _ _ _______ _______ ___ ______ _ __ __ __oJJ _ __ - p ' J v ''' _ J s f I jY __ ___ _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 I c eX 1- 0 -rl w I 11 '-1 fI f ' V I v ' -3 I c vV 1 vv· - v I A··tu I U i 'Iif --' ' I'J For that reason in order to avert any restrictive interpretation the Gabonese Govern rnent i t i tiati of communicating fully all 7 AJ L 0'1 CA - r t pl ' documents 'establishing the total regularity of the transac tion both' economically and politically 1 On the economic level the conclusion of a technical management con- tract Iith UTA guarantees a Suitable logistics since UTA hich is certified by the Federal Aviation Administration · ill prov ide industrial inain tenance and supply train and supervise the trained CrC ·1S required on a permanent basis b An effort to ensure a sound rate of return by integration with ' ' I a the opera tions of the UTA-Ai r Afrique group both companies arc member s of_ • L -M ¢-'I'''''' • A the In ternational Air Transport Association and have a OCt fleet '1 ' - Cow' Harmoniza tion 1ith the present air syste n 'I' I ' ' c Consequently I there would be no danger of disturbing its equilibrium through the introduction of a potential outside the provisions of the Yaounde '£r · a ty ' ltf- N n 7 P · ' r j ' ' the 3' j i h 1 r 'C Gabonese Government a founding member of Air-Afriquo is a co-signatory • l 2 On the political level the Gabone e Government stresses that'it informed w t -I- _ c v b- '- 'I'JI AM - its ' of which I ' fello Afric'an Governments that are members of the Organization of African Unity OAU and in that respect it produced both a letter frpm I ' - 1 ' • _ I _ I- 'v ' 6-'Jv A- t e' t - -1 I I -tV' ' I Iv the OAU Scc'tetary General granting approv'al confirmed by a letter from he i 'IA' -- - - - b ' Organizationl s Acting President General GOI-10n President of the Repu lic of Nigeria $ I l ' r ' i_of' o Botr JocUt 'lents clearly est ablish d the unqualified approval of this transaction UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 -4As a founding member and partner of the multinational company Air-Afriquc as established by the Yaounde Treaty the Cabonese GoverTh ent mo1 L iR t lv' in this transaccion an opportunity to poiI t up its att chment to the ' tK· principles of inter-Afdcsn soU-darity and therefore formally and publicly J excluded any possibility of using the DC8-63-CF in contradiction to those t prin iples The Gabonese Government again states if necessary that in no event l'lill the DC8-63-CF be used in a different 1ay that might somehOtv benefit any one of the countries censured by the international organizati ons of t-1hich Cabon is a member sllch as the OAU UN and CArrO Under these circumstances t e Gabonese Republic can only be surprised at the unexpectedly long period of time required to issue the export license essential for its purchase The Ambassador of the Repub'lic of Gabon takes pleasure hONever in underscoring the quality of the bonds uniting the United States of America andGabo Furthermore he notes that American enterprises have ablays met 'ith cordial' and understanding acceptance in his country lith Idlose develop nent they are associated in m any fields manganese mining pett'o ' J ' leum prospecting general equip nent et 1 J J ' 1 -' ' He is pleased that prompt approval could be siven to the President of · Z c I ' l f- t · -f the RepubFc of Gabon concern ing the s 'lpply of a Hercules C 1 30 aircraft and v ' • JXJt r hopes that similar arrangeme ts Hill permit the immediate delivery of the I f- 11 1# r - Y J '-c' If in the past undoubtedly circumst nt ial incidents at times have troubled the sercni y of relations between the United States of America 'and Gabon the ----- 10 countries nonetheless remain united by the same trust in the frce _ _------- --------- --_ _ _- - ---- - - ------ - --_ _--- - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06473601 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED' U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476860 Date 01 11 2018 IRELEASE IN PART 861 SECRET M S P DCOHEN EJW t' J 005SA 0'4 17 84 EXT 21724 SIP PRODMAN AID LEG KLUDDEN SIP JREINERTSEI S P HJONES ROUTINE AID GC NE RJOHNSON AMMAN DISSE NT CHANNEL FROM RODM AN Co TAGS 12356 - l t· _-_- 86 - I- - -_ _ _ OADR EAID SY JO SUBJECT REF DECL S ' FOR DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE AMMAN 97b1' PR fM DCjJ 11- JR jJ HJ 1 fU ST Of ALL OUR APOLOGIES FOR THE DELAYED RESPONSE WHILE LEGISLATIVE ACTION CREATED'A FAIT ACCOMPLI PRIOR TO THE POSSIBLE RESPONSE TO YOUR MESSAGE THE CONCERNS RAISED REf TEL REMAINED VALID THE RELEVANT CONGNESSIONAl COMMITTEES WERE AWARE Of THE IMPLICATIONS OF A UNILATERAL TERMINATION OF AID TO SYRIA FULLY COGNlZANT OF THE POT£NTIAl IMPACT ON U S -SYRIAN RELATIONS AND CONSIDERATIONS OF INTERNATIONAL LAW THE CONGRESS wAS NOT TO BE DIS UADED fROM TAKING ACTION TO D -OBLIGATE ALL REMAINING FUNDS WHICH WERE PREVIOUSLY 08LIGATED TO FINANCE GOODS AND SERVICES PROVIDED TO THE GOVERNMENT Of SYRIA 2 THE 'FINAL LEGISLATION SIGNED INTO LAW JUST SIX DAYS AFTER THE RECEIPT Of YOUR 'MESSAGE ADDRESSED' YOUR SPECIFIC CONCERN EGARDING U S GOVERNMENT OBLIGATIONS ARISING UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476860 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476860 Date 01 11 2018 • SECRET fROM TE MINATION Pf U S AND THIRD COUNTRY CONTRACTS IT ALSO PERMITTED THE CONTINUATION Of fINANCING THE TRAINING Of SYRIAN STUDENT IN THE U S WHOSE COURSE OF STUDY HAD ALxEADY·8EGUN WHILE THESE TWO EXCEPTiONS TO THE DE08LIGATION REQUIREMENT DID NOT ADDRESS YOUR APP OPRIATE CONCERNS REGARDING U S COMMITMENTS'TO THE SYRIAN GOVERNMENT IT ELf THE P ESENT EXCEPTIONS WERE AS FAR AS A DEMONSTRA LY ANGKY CONGRESS WAS WILLING TO GO 2 3 I VEKY MUCH APPRECIATE YOUR USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL TO PROVOKE A GREATER DISCUSSION OF THIS ISSUE WHILE IT WAS IMPOSSIBLE TO fULLY SATISFY YOUR CONCERNS YOUR MOTIVES'AND PRESENTATION WERE HIGHLY COMMENDABLE YY SECRET UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476860 Date 01 11 2018 FlED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc Np C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' 1-- - O l ' RELEASE IN -l PARTB6 f'-j VT pepartment Of State · e'4FHII t TI l 1e ACTION FM NF or t 150-00 1 2Z F B '6 t 5SY N Er STATt I M 2 1858Z lil2a2 S· 5 nCT-£'Ii tNFO el PA f wASHDe TELEGRAM 1 EXPEDITE J' - 10 6 W SO· 0 _____ • • _ __ w • • __ • __ DELHI ' 2 ' J e N T I A l NEW OELHI 2e2 F Xf IS 1 z SEI'JT Chb NNEL F O 11652 GOS PFu IN -------------- -------- ----______ • URJ J uJSSENT CHANNELl USG TITLE I ASS STANCE TO INOIA - N W D L I 24 4 REF THI c aLE TqA SMITS RY I VI A OTSSENTING SUBMITTeo I EW DELHI'S 249 RECOMM NDED AGiINST TITLE 1 FOR INOlA IN FY'7S YET THE QUESTION THAT FACES THe USG WITH RESPECT TO TITLE IS OT REALLY WH THER TO OFFER A PROGRAM SUT ATkEk HETHER TO Wl HJRA AN OFFE WHICH DE F tTO HAS LREAOY BEEN MM E HIE GOt HAS REPF ATEr lI Y E JUE'STEr TITI E I AS l TANCE eOT I WASHINGTON AND NEW OE HI_ THERE HA EEh NO NE O O aCCARION TO R 'FFIRM THI$ REQUEST IN R CENT WEEKS SI C THf us POSITION HAD 8eE THAT N nOTIATIONS wOuLD SEGIN o ce rO NT Y ALLOCATIONS ' r OHl v aE M60 INFOFH' L SOUNDINGS ITH THE MINI STRIE'S n AGRIGULtuRE NO FINANCE CONFIRM TH T ThE GO STILL WI H S A TITLE 1 w eAT P OGHAM THOUr H IT IS NOT NTtRESTEO IN IC 3 ThE CA E p nG A AN G F R FOR OP AG INST E F CTO kJTHORAWAL OF CAN B CONSIDEREU IN POLITICAL OR ECONOMIC - - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 Department of State TELEGRAM Tl MS If WO lO SlL Y TO M I T6IN TMAT l OO-US R I ATIONS 4R€ r 000 AND PP08AeL Y WlSi'tFuL ThINK ING TO R I I IJE Tiio T TI IEY NIL C ANG ·'lijCtt FOR HIE SETTER IN THF rCRESeF A8 E FUTu E ALL OF TMIS WAS KNOWN AT N UHbIO ReD ITS SPO SE TO TWE PPIME MINlSrER'S JA UAQy SPE CH AT CWANOIG R ND THE CHORUS nF OTH STATEMENTS AND 0RES 6RTIeL S W ICh FOLl WED T THAT TIME 'IT AS DECIDE TO wIlHQIU 4 TI IE' USG OPFf R MAINTAIN TO p QVlnE D V LOPMENT LOA A5SI T NCE BUl rTHOUG M NTH AS ISTANCE NOTH N NE OF H D6VELOPED 51NC TIiF N TO 'IjH R w THE TTTLE IOFF·F AT T -IIS POINT WOULD E E 3 EN 6 S A UNILA TE AL USG ACT I ON HI CH COl ll D ni I -V BEt A I iJ t L LeE TREA T I I III POL IT I CA T ERMS OELAY BY ONE TITLF I GqEAT SIGNIFICANCE w US INTe ESTS POtITIC L ANI' F ctH ir r'llC IN INDIA rp i j 'SOUTH ASH 45 A W OLE'· ARE ADt ITTEO'-Y NOT LARGE HOWEVER TO THE TENT TH V XIST THEV A E CONOl- ' 1 InNEC BY THE FACT THAT IHOI_ OCCUPIES A PREEMINENT o lilON IN THE RE I N AND A SIGNr ICA T POSITION IN FCRUM MUI TIL6iERAL uS HOWFVER W1T CI C' tE G F M JOR INT R ST TO WF · HAVE 'TO LIYE ' JtT rHf 'II'oiDIANS U NO TIoIEY ThF US MUC THEY GET U DfR OUR SKIN us POLICY HAS 8EEN TO TQY TO CONViNCE THE INDl NS THE NATURE OF THE R L4TIONS I J uP TO THEM ANI' WE APE P EP4REn TO RESPOND POSITTvELv TO INOIA N INITlATIVES I PLICIT TYIB OLICY HAS eE N THE nsuERSE l E we WILL REACT N G6TIVELY TO A USE R T AT Sfolnla l r AI J5 F ''IIr ElkCT JOi J N iii A'SS NCf OF y SlGl inIC ·I·tT t N SI J C to f LI L T L 1 E' R4l I Y SEN 5 1 TIUE ELO A onD 107 IN v vt Tn 00 80 WOULO APPtAM TO E P7CKING FIGHT A FIGHT HI n COULD GNE 6 CK TO uNT US MULTIL T R LLY AS WfLL AS lH R TIC iJ L 4 L y AlL HlRfl LL V R IF OESPITE OU PRnT STS AND O VELPM NT LOAN THE PRI E MtNtSTE CHOUSfS tG'IN TO uSE U G S A POLITIC 6 L f OTa6LL WE SHQULQ REACT AND EAtTCN INATrW EOF nF A TITLE J CTIi N pOOGRt N T BE 4 REASO ABlE ' IG l AT I I - ESf NT h iWF VH OU q 08JEC ' · g i3rt t t TO BE REPRODuCED WITHOUT UNCLASSIFIED U S Qn rtrr Qnt Ti AVTl H RIZATlO 4 or THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 ' y 11 II • Department· of State TELEGRAM PA E 3 OF NF 251R5RZ 0282 TIW SHQUL BE TO wlrHORA OF U TRV TO TIT E PREVE l THlS FROM HAPPENING I OFFER IS LI E V TO HAVE THF OP POSITE EFFECT 7 wIThDR w L Of THE OFFER IS UNLIKELY TO PROVIDE THF USG WITH uLEV R GE I IF THE GOl DOES NOT NEEO TH Fono SEE BELOW ITHORAWAL OF THE OFFER WOULD NOT AVf MUCH IMPA lo EVEN IF IT nOES NEED THE FOOD IT IS DIFFICULT TO 8ELIEVE TWAT 0 0P TONS IS GOING TO CONST TUTE MUCH LE EqA E IN A SITUATION WHERE THE OI IS LlKfLY TO PROCU E OOM STICbLLV 20 TIMES THAT AMnuNT HERF TOTAL PRODUCTION OF FOOOGRAINS IS OVER 5 ' Tl'MES TH T AMOllNT 6 Nn PURC A5ES FROM THE us ARF TEN TIMES THAT AMOUNT TU NIN Rv NnI WILL TO T E I DEEn ECONOMIC ARGUMENTS AGAINST fITLE 10 PR0848LY H'PVEST A R CORD ROP THIS YE4R -TrlOUGH IT MIGHT 'BE RE'f JEMBEPED lli T THIS · fIL L SE ON I Y 1 - 3 ' 'I I I L I O ll TON S 0 i1 E THAN ·1 N 1 97 1 II HI LET HER F ARF · o M I LIlIN MeRE r OlANs IoVAILA8L E TO CONSlJME TH S OU TV ST R GE CAPACITY IS A GENUINE PROBLEM ANI LOSSES IN STORAGF HAVE BE EN PROBLEM IN c YEARS AS Wr L L 4S GOOO WE ESTlMATf THbr THE GOl CI IR ENTLY A A OUT 6 MILLION TONS IN Sl F_GE AN IT MAy PIC liP AN OOITIONAL 4 MILL InN TONS M INUS SOME CONSUMPTION nvF THE NExT TWO MONTHS AS THE RABl CROP IS HARVESTfD MO T OF TriIS ADDITIONAL PROCUREMENT WILL BE RICEe INnl A ONCE HAD RESfRVE5 OF 9 MILLION TONS AND HANDLED H S ADtQUATr LY NINE - TEN MILLION TON S WOUL D CAUSE PRnSL E S ·197 5 UT NOT I NSU i'iIt u 'ol'T A elE ONE S PRn8LE S P I A ILY OCCUR l CERT I MOREO VER PARTS OF fNIlIlt WHILF I f t E Q TED FOOI G AI 'JS ARE LARGE'LV CONSUMED L EWHERE IN INOt '4A00 0 TC S IS LESS THAN ONE HALF nF 01lJ r'iONTl 1 5 NORMALOISTPIBUTION THROUGH HIE FAIR PR tC E Sr tj s TnRAGE FINALLY ON A COMMERCIAL NOTc INDIA HAS BEEN HOP FUL Y WILL CONTINUE TO BE A GOOO CA H cus TOME OR us P O D A NS IN 1975 IT 80uGHT FOUR MII LION TONS FOR CtSH ANI 'I IN 1 7' IT IS LIKELY TO F3UV AN 'AOOITrO iAL FOUR IHLLION TnNS WITHORAW L OF A • ANn eel FHif QTIAL ' OT I TO BE Rj PDAOIJC I D VIIH lOYT nHi AUn IORIZ ATIOf OF TWI EXECUTIVE SE-GRETAR¥ - - - ------- --- - - - -- ---- ----- --- ----- ---- -- I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 Department of State T I TL F r 0 r F EP t 1 LL NOT HF LP 1 1 S FIR MS Hl HA KE COM ME R SbL S OF RAIN TO INDIA TIVE SO RC S ARE AVAILA8LE IAL TELEGRAM I YEAR WHEN ALTERNA- SA ts NOTE BY Oe T FOI LOWo NEW D L I 2 2 w- TEXT GARBLED CORPECTION TO t• eO JF OEh T IAL NOT TO BE REP'RODGED WITHOUT THE AUTHORIZATION OF TIlE EXECUTIVE SEERE'f ' 'R¥- p V • UNCLASSIFIED U S of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431349 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431960 Date 11 13 2017 rnrtTrfllll J tnint nnn- - e · ACT rON DejJart nzent f' State COpy PAGE 01 ACT ON BELGRA 07777 39124 Z POSS TELEGRAM ES-0'1 150- '1'I1il'4 W ------------------01$484 RELEASE IN PART 86 9076 DUP aI ll OCT-Iil' I INrO INCOMING 1 0S28 20 R 091150Z NOV 77 FM AMEMBASSY BELGRADE TO SECSTATE WASHoe 3366 INFO i MEMSASS Y 130NN s eRE T BELGRAOE 7777 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS SUBJ REF I 11652 XGOS-3 DIMPIO ASlrC PINS US OLICY ON TERRORISM -- 5TATE PLANNED ATTACKS ON LUFTHANSA 266SI 0 FOLLOWING IS DISSENT FROM RE FEI ENCED CABLE BY Fso'-I_ _ _ _---' 2 D F'ARTMENT HAS INSTRlICTHO 1 1 1 PERSONNEL TO RE FRAIN FROM USING I UFTH4 NSA FLIGHTS IN FACE OF THRRORIST TI-fREA·rS THE CLEAR LOGIC OF THIS IS THAT IF PAN AMERICAN WERE SO THREATENED WE SHOULD ALSO BE TNSTRUCTED NOT TO USE PAN AMERrCA OTHERWISE we AI E DISCIHMINI TING A -iAINST THE GER MNS OlJR Cl OSI ST ALL 1 5 SIMPLY BECAUSE THEY ARE NOT AMERICANS ANO'wE ARE DOING SO IMMEDIATELY AFTER THEY HAVE DEMONSTRATED GREAT COURAGe XN STAND1NG UP TO TERRORIST ACTS 3 I T HAS BEEN USG POL ICY TO E NCOUFIAGE- OTHER GOve RNMENTS JOIN LIS IN NOT REW RDING TERRORISM SURELY WE CANNOT EXPEC1' OiHE S TO JOIN us wHEN VIE liRE l N U' FFICULTIE$ IP WE REFUSE TO JO N THEM WHEN THEY ARE B ING THREA1·ENE D THE EFFECT ON DUR OVEf ALL RE LATIONS wInl Gf RMANY SHOV D THIS INS1'RUCTION U b I OUT IS I LSO NOT INSl GNI F ICAN 4 TI-II Dl PI RrME Nl' OOES rlAVI' A DUT' TO ' AI N ITS EMPLOYEE OF SUCH OM- f3E RS SUT HAS NO OBL IGATION or EVEN nlE RIGHT TO TELL US WHAT 0 lO HAT SHOULD SE EACrt INDIvrDUAL' 5 Of-CISlON -- ' IND MANY IN THE FOREIGN SERVlCE HAVE SHO llN THAT HEY ARE WILLING Ore PUT THEII I IVES ON THE LINI IN THE FIGHT r G IINST TE RROF I SM INSTHUCTING LIS TO RUN AWAY FROM OUR FRIENDS IS SIMPLY UNAMERIC N TO E AGLE8URGER SEORET _ _- UNCLASSIFIED'LTs D rtmentOfState Case No F-2016 Oi743--ooc No C06431960 Date 11 13 2017 86 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445865 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN FULLI - - ---- - - - --'-- -li It i U iI v ir 1 ij ij jj LIM Ti D OFFiGIi L U'SE ' ACT-ION COpy ------- ----- - INCOMING Je JUrl111 Cnt oj Slale TELEGRAM SANTIA IU4115 PAGE 31 i i 11 02220GZ 43 1-u-k ACTION ARA-15 INFO o OCT-a I 22009Z NOV AM MaASSY FM TO ISO-D0 ONY-O sso-eo '016 w ------------ -----11344S 76 ' 022209Z 71 l SANTIAGO ·p-·C SECSTATE WASHDC IMMEDIATE IG85 USE SANTIAGO 8485 LIMITED OFFICIAL STADIS ' ONLY FOR RoaERT STEVEN E D l11iS2 AR 'AND'CH l ' A TAGS OR-M ELAB CL SUDJECT PUBLIC ST TEMENTS W LABOR SITUATION 1 J STRONGL Y fJEL lEVi THAT i aAS5Y AND DEPARTMF r T CI N PERFORM MOST USEFUL ROLe IN SUPFOI1T OF CHILEAN PAOG ass TOWARD FREER TRAOE uru ON MOVEMENT BY SUPF'ORTING QUI EL-Q EI-lIN -Tt f t SCJ NE-SEFFORTS ANO ' I RY SPECIFICAl LY AVOI·01tIC PU5t Hl-S'TATEMi NTS EITHER HERE OR HI IV oSHINGTOtl _ 0 2 IMPLEMENT TION OJ' NEW DECREES AND INTERPRET T ON OF ELECTORAL PReCE S5 IS 5TI L EVOLViNG IIITH' ' FL CIO REACTIOlll IN MIND OBTAINED AT OCTOEER 31 WASHINGTON 1··IEET NGI GOC SHOULD HI VE OPPORTUHITY TO IIIAKIr AOJUSTM'- Tn INCI UDING NOfll-I 1II lE IENT TICN REHlTER R TATION OR SIMPLE NONCOMPL IM Ci ' STAT£l oNTS sy usa AT WHATEVERN lEVEL AND HOWEVER aLAN RAISE iSSUE OF tNTERV NTtON IN JNTF R lAL MATTERS Ul'ICIWCUT GOC f 'LEXI BIl I TY J N VERY foROBA LY SLOW MOVEMENT TOWAfiO ACHIEV I JO NT F L Cro NO USG GOALS OF MO E OEMQCRI TIC PI'HlCESS HF RE EVEN MODERAT STATEMENT OF NOV MElER I ISTATE 27eli 9 IF usaD COULD 2NGf G E GOC IN PI IGI IC DEFENSE OVI I DISSOLUT ON OF A Li RGE NUMaER OF UNIONS AND RESTIHCTEO LOCAL ELECTIONS' THUS TEMPORARILY FR EZING A SITUI T ION WHICH OTHSRl'IlSI IS STILL 1 1111 LEAaLE AND SUSCEPTt2LE' '0 MCDE A ION AND EVEN REveRSAL • 3' ' AS R I ATED THOUGH t FL C O FACES CIFFICUL T CHALLENGE IN PRESENT SETTIN TH lR R PR SENTATIVES ARE TRY NG TO PROTECT A CACR E OF TRAINED DEMOCRAT C LADeR LEADER NO T THE SAME Tn PR MOTE TH5 G Owl'H OF' OEMOCR T C INSTITUTIONS TO SUCCEED THEY HOPE TO INDUCE THa DEMIlC ATIC LIIBOR EL Ew EN1·S AND THE CH I EAN GOVF RM ENT 'TO EHTEH INTO A IWNSTRucnVE DIALOGUE THE J R UNG IMPACT' OF WELL-tNl'ENTIONED UDLlC·STA·TEIAENTS COI l1 D UNOECUT THESE VERY DELICATE EFFORTS 4 AIFI O REP AND _l ASOR lANDAU A HAVE SEEN THIS MESSAGE AND CONCUR _ _ ' ' ' ' - - 0-' ' - - f2 o 1 - ' - -------_ - ' UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445865 Date 12 11 2017 C06416962 IED u s Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416962 Date 10 11 2017 - - • - - - - - ••• - - - - - - - - - - - ' L _ _ ••• LIMITED OFfiCIAL USE Departnlent of State PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO OCT-1il1 -_ ------- -OUTG0 ING -i '-i-I-m ff i'-H-rrt' '-I-g-M-rl -'-- STATE 191351 1S0-00 ONY-00 poss DUPE RELEASEINPART 50 86 003 R 7 TELEGRAM ' DRAFTED SY EA K FMISCH $ P ADROMSERG SDM APPROVED B S P ALAKE EA K RRICH DRAFIl S P PHKREISBERG S P N00YER DRAFT PM ISP JLEONARD DRAFT DESIRED DISTRIBUTION S P ONLY --- --------------016629 130954Z 14 R 121801Z AUG 77 FM SECSTATE wASHDC TO AMEMBASSY ROME LIMITED OFFICIAL USE STATE 191351 DISSENT CHANNEL E O TAGS 11652 N A MARR SUBJECT REF KS U S US SECURITY POLICY TOWARDS KOREA ROME 10207 FROM S P DIRECTOR LAKE FO 1 -_____________ 1 B6 '1 MY RESPONSE HAS SEEN DELAYED IN ANTICIPATION THAT ADMINISTRATION POLICY WHICH IS SASEO ON MANY F THE SAME CONCERNS YOU HIGHLIGHT WOULD BECOME INCREASINGLY EXPLICIt AS I T HAS IN THE PERIOD LEADING 'UP TO THE SECURI TY CONSULTATIVE MEEtING ' CM RECENTLY CONCLUDED IN SEOUL 2 IN PARTICULAR CLARITY OF THE US COMMITMENT to DEFEND THE ROK AGAINST AGGRESSION WAS EVIDENT IN PRESIDENT CARTER'S LETTER TO PRESIDENT PARK IN ADDITION SECRETARY OF DEFENSE BROWN MADE EXPLICIT REFERENCE TO uS NUCLEAR FORCE PROTECTION OF THE ROK IN REMARKS TO THE PRESS FOLLOwING THE SCM COPIES OF PRESIDENTIAL LETTER AND BROWN STATEMENT POUCHED TO YOU 3 PLANNED WITHDRAWALS OF COURSE COVER ONLY GROUND COMBAT FORCES AND USG STATEMENTS AND ACTIONS HAVE MADE'CLEAR OUR INTENTION TO LIVE UP TO OUR TREATY COMMITMENTS THE PRC 'AND USSR ARE WELL AWARE OF THESE FACTS AND NORTH KOREAN REACTION HAS REVEALED THAT THEY TOO H AVE RECEIVED THE MESSAGE 4 A REVIEW UNDERTAKEN SEVERAL YEARS AGO INDICATED THAT ATTEMPTS TO INVOKE THE DECLARATION OF IXTEEN WOULD NOT BE PROMISING IN ANY CASE THE COMMITMENTS CITED ABOVE SHOULD PROVIDE ADEQUATE ASSURANCES 5 I COMMEND yQUR INITIATIVE IN USING THE DISSENT CHANNEL IN THIS CASE IT APPEARS WE ARE ALL ON THE SAME WAVE-LENGTH CHRISTOPHER UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doe No C06416962 Date 10 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446347 Date 12 11 2017 J DEPARTMENT OF STATE RELEASE IN PART 86 WashlnllDn D C 20520 May 17 1979 CONFle M IAL 86 Embassy Asuncion Paraguay Amer can Dear --I_-- -_ _--'1 86 I wanted to follow up on my February 21 1979 response to your dissent message The State Department and Human Rights in Cuba The Department is still purs ing the two proposals regarding improved facilities for visa processing and the use of the diplomatic pouch for mail for U S prisoners The Department of Health Education and Welfare has agree to dispatch a team to Cuba to explore the feasibility· and cost of sending a mobile health team from the U S Public Health Service to Havana with X-ray equipment The InterestsSection would contract with a lOC l physician to perform the examinations The U S Interests Section in Havana has determined that normal interna·tional mail services are inadequate for regular transmission of letters to prisoners in Cuba The Department i·s reviewing whether this finding meets al the criteria ne es­ sary to justify sendi g prisoner mail through the diplomatic pouch Your Dissent Channel message on Human Rights in Cuba has clearly made a difference and I again commend you for it In this context let me ·respond to the concerns you expressed in your letter of April 5 regarding your career status and prospects I have the greatest respect for those who active1y exercise their right to dissent You have clearly shown no hesitancy either to voice your eOUFlBilN'iIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446347 Date 12 11 2017 I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446347 Date 12 11 2017 - - -- _ _ --- -- _- -- -- -- l _-- C9 JFIBEN IMI - 2 - reservations concerning certaih U S policies and procedures or to suggest areas for improvement and innovation However I am not aware of any awards granted solely for dissent or for' use of the Dissent Channel per As yo know the Director General's award for outstand ng reporting is given to several officers each year My understanding is that'these awards are based on an assessment o an officer's overall performance Nominations thus typically come fron an officer's immediate supervisors or others with b oad familiarity with an officer1s work I obviously lack this perspective and would suggest therefbre that you look to others more familiar with your performance I would have no objection in this regard to your making use of this letter or of previous Dissent Channel correspondence subject to regulations governing the handling of classified materials Sincerely Anthony Lake Director Policy Planning Staff eet plo TIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06446347 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476306 Date 01 11 2018 SBr F 8EtHIAL OUTGOING DelJai tnve t oj'State i z STATE - u OCT- Hl IRELEASE IN PART 861 v 035560 ADS-CO ES-0 e r F I e E 1 T t ' I O 12065 TAGS I 2110 87 lWOLFO VITZ PAULI N A SU8J ECT REF GOS 12a029Z 167-62 STATE 035560 DISSENT CHANNEL TO LI_ _------'I FROM S f WOLFOWITZ EL YOUR 01 SSENT CHANNEL MES AGE P- I 86 - 86 I OTTAWA 00530 eefJ lOer4TIAL 2152'- 1003 R DRAFTED BY S P EO' DONNELL APPROVED BY S P PDWOLFOwITZ SIP JROCHE S P OF GDRAGNICH S P OF GORAGNICH DESIRED OISTRI UTrON SIP ONLY' ------------------117211 R 1114I47Z FEB 81 FM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY OTTAWA e TELEGRAM ENTIRE TEXT 2 THANK YOU FOR YOUR RECENT DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE CONCERNlNG THE ROLES OF THE STATE DEPARTMENTI' FOREIGN SERVICE IN USG INTERNATIONAL ENERGY POLICY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE FAM REGULATIONS CONCERNING THE OISSENT CHANNEL AND TAKING YOUR REOUEST INTO CONSIDERATION I HAVE DISTRIBUTED COPIES OF YOUR CABLE TO THE FDLLowIN THE SECRETARY THE OEPUTY SECRETARY THe OFFICES Or THE UNOER ECRETARY FOR MANAGEMENT UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFF IRS UNDER seCRETARY FOR ECONO 'IC AFFAIRS DIRECTOR GENERAL OF FORElGN SERVICE THE HEAD OF THE FOREIGN SERVICE INSTlTUTE' ASSISTANT SEC·RE I RY OF ECONOMIC AND BUSINESS AFFAIRS AND THE CHAIRI AN OF THE SECRETARY'S OPEN FORU A MEMee OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL BE COORDINATING A SUBSTANTIVE REPLY TO YOUR MESSAGE 3 I COMMENT YOUR USE OF THE DISSENT CHANNEL HAIG I • CBNFIBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476306 Date 01 11 2018 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 RELEASE IN PART 86 DEPARTMENT OF STATE Washington D C 20520 September 24 1974 SECRE'l' NO BISSElM A Bft02 m 1 MEMORANDUM TO SIP - Mr Winston Lord 86 FROM SUBJECT Dissent from AF Action Memorandum on DC-8 I continue to believe i and· INR' concurs'· that no from Bongo have value • However this analysis is 'submi tted to rebut the arguments of those officials who believe that assurances are of value and that the telegram from Bongo provides assurances on Rhodesia which are credible assur ance A The AF memo states we nbw have Bongo's personal written assurances that the plane will not be u'sed in odesian trade I state that Bongo advised by his French counselors has very carefully not given such assurances We have three documents from Bongo 1 A telegram to the Secretary stating that Bongo renews the guaranties given in the note verba1e of June 28 and on the occasion of the special mission's visit concerning the utilization of the aircr·aft for my personal uSe and in addition • • for Air Afrique •• u der IATA regulations This would exclude all countries under sanction by tpe UN of which Gabon is a member and whose decisions hav Gabon's full support and approval Comment The word guaranties appears nowhere in the note verbale of June 28 the special mission provided no oral guaranties or assurances with regard to 'Rhodesia see Enc A - Memcon prepared by L AF The note verbale contains many statements not guaranties about the plane it would be maintained by Air Afrique it will be used in accordance with the Treaty SEGlli 2'NO BIQSE l ABR01lrlJ '- UNCLASSIFIED U S Departmenf of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 SE9RiB9 UO BISSEM ld5ftOW 2 of Yaounde a contract has been signed for its purchase its use will not compete with existing airlines the plane is for Bongo's personal use it will npt be used to benefit countries sanctioned by the UN ngo did not repeat that k y statement in his telegram Bongo has known for months of our concern that the plane will be used in Rhodesian trade Furthermore because we did not approve the export license after we received the note verbale indeed 'AF recommended against the sale after we received the note Bongo has known that note from his Ambassador did not provide sufficient assurances guarantees on that point Therefore his personal message to the Secr tary should at the very least have specifically repeated the statement that the plane will not be used to benefit Rhodesia Instead he simply repeated that the plane is for his personal use and for Air Afrique statements which we received over his signature twice before and considered insufficient see pgh # 2 and # 3 below I believe Bongo has intentionally ·avoided putting his own name to a statement that the plane will not be used in Rhodesiantrade and instead has given us a guarantee that the plane is for his personal use an d for Air Afrique which guarantees nothing The sentence beginning this would exclude all countries etc must be carefully looked at If the word this refers to its inunediate antecedent under lATA rules it is meaningless because L AF informed us lATA rules do not prohibit member airlines from flying to Rhodesia and two members Portugal and South Africa fly there regularly If the word this refers to usage by Air Afrique UTA it is meaningless because Bongo does not control that airline and UTA has been involved in sanctions violations anyway If the word this refers to personal use by Bongo it is meaningless because the first plane was for Bongo's personal use and went immediately to Rhodesia SEORB9 f lO BISSEM ABROXB UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 5ECl'tE'r MO r 55EM A8l'tOM 3 In other words the two key sentences simply read I guarantee the plane is for my personal use and for Air Afrique and this means the plane won't go to Rhodesia Based on the analysis above we have no guarantee over Bongo's signature abou Rhodesia Note The't legram contains other statements which are misleading or false Gabon does not fully support the UN a fleet of plancsflies from Libreville to Rhodesia regularly Bongo did not receive approval from Chiefs of state and the OAU Gowon of Nigeria while temporarily President of the OAU told Bongo it was inappropriate to give either approval or disapproval of the proposed purchase 2 Some months ago our Ambassador received a letter from Bongo saying the plane was for his personal use and for Air Afrique No assurances on Rhodesia 3 Exim received a letter from Bongo repeating the two uses of the plane but saying nothing about Rhodesia The letter did say the plane would be used in accordance with the Treaty of Yaounde When a copy of the letter was given our Ambassador by Roland Bru French advisor and long-time agent of Foccart Bru is described as nefarious and bitterly Anti-American Bru said the Treaty of Yaounde provided the assurances we wanted on Rhodesia AF researched the Treaty and found it was signed in 1961 seven years before sanctions and simply set up Air Afrique In other words_ we were given this letter and told it contained the assurances we wanted but this was a false statement Given the consistent pattern of false statements the June 28 note verbale contains innumerable blatant falsehoods - see Enc B made to us either in writing or orally there seems no reason to believe the statement in the note verbale concerning Rhodesian sanctions and in fact AF did not do so The II new element in this situation is the telegram from Bongo which gives no guarantees on Rhodesia Why therefore should the State Department shift from its position of July 11 don't sell to its position of sept 16 sell without any conditions 9ECRB'i'J'UO BISSEU hBROh13 UNCLASS IFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2Q16-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 B Further comment on the statements in AF ' s memo 1 AF states that the assurances in the Bongo telegram are the best we can get Yet we have a copy of a letter from a GOG Minister to EXIM stating the plane will not be used in Rhodesian trade This is better than the statement contained in the Bongo telegram However it s the same quality of assurance that we received in 1972 just before we approved the export license for the first plane which went immediately into Rhodesian trade 2 AF States the assurances will protect us from criticism if the plane is mis-used Yet we were criticized after allowing the first plane to go to Gabon whe n we knew Gabon ·was involved in Rhodesian trade and our defense that we had prior assurances did not help us Having been betrayed on the first plane how can we ex ain our selling the second plane By again referring to assurances 3 AF states the costs o Bonge k violating his guarantees will include criticism from the OAU the UN the USG and the press Yet 'he is still incurri g these costs on the first plane and it doesn't ' bo er him In June 1974 the OAU reported that Rhodesia had obtained the use of this fleet of planes only because Gabon had impersonated Rhodesia The planes are still flying out of Libreville to Rhodesia There are no costs to Bongo because he declines to feel ashamed or embarrassed 4 AF states Bongo must realize the possibility of bilateral action against him if he misuses the second plane Why must he realize this He knows of the flak we got on the first plane yet bilateral relations have improved since 1972 and we are doing everything we can to increase American investment and he knows it I believe he does not expect adverse action if he mis-uses the plane and I doubt that the reference in the proposed diplomatic note attached to AF's memo to bilateral relations will be interpreted as a serious commitment from us to take action against h m 5 AF's memo ·refers to possible adverse action by Bongo against us if we refuse the sale Yet the actions we anticipated have in the most part already been taken rejections of bids etc and the DC-8 situation has only UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 2 been one of the reasons the GOG has turned us down The r maining possible adverse a6tions are so minor Le the GOG assumes majority control of a manganese company in which us Steel has an interest that they no longer form a significant motivation for 'actihg positively on the export license Recommendation by diplomatic note to the GOG Embassy and by note verbale to the GOG from our Embassy in Libreville let us tell the Gabonese that we were worried about the possible mis-use of the first plane before we sold it and therefore asked for and got assurances but nevertheless the plane went into Rhodesian trade and is still there Because the USG decided at the time the export license was issued in 1972 that mis-use would be prejudicial to sale of future aircraft to Gabon we are now implementing that decision In doing this we are making no judge ent about how the GOG would have used the second plane if we had approved the sale We could add orally that since we believe a DC-8 can be purchased elsewhere or a s-imi ar aircraft our refusal to sell should in no way inconvenience President Bongo in fulfilling his need for a plane for his personal use In making this recommendation I am expressing my own 'views However these views are supported by the views expressed by other Foreign Service Officers including those familiar with President Bongo and the Rhodesian sanctions problem who feel the sale of the plane will be a mistake UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445653 Date 12 11 2017 co 6415482 IED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-077 43 Doc No C06415482 Date 10 11 2017 Jj -' ' RELEASE IN PART 1 86 LIMITEP· OFFICIAL USE S P MACASEY 8DM EXT 29716 3-8-77 S P TLAKE S P-OF NBOYER S PiGAUSTIN SIP ONLY ROUTINE DAMASCUS STADIS DISSENT fHANNEL FOR I FROM TONY LAKE-SIP 86 «V MAC E O 11652 GDS TAGS PfOR IS SUBJECT REF DISSENT CHANNEL MESSAGE SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE GA J Ijtt N8 9r1ij DAMASCUS 1482 'THIS WILL ACKNOWLEDGE RECEIPT Of YOUR DISSENT MESSAGE ON SYRIA ISRAEL AND LEBANON CONVERGENCE AND DIVERGENCE MR GRANVILLE AUSTIN OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF HAS BEEN NAMED COORDINATOR IN CHARGE OF A SUBSTANT IVE REPLY IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE STIPULATED DISTRIBUTION FOR DISSENT MESSAGES YOUR riESSAGE HAS BEEN CIRCULATED TO THE OFFICES OF THE SECRETARY THE EXECUTIVE SECRETARY THE DIRECTOR OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF AND THE CHAIRMAN OF THE OPEN FORUM AS WELL AS THE BUREAU Of NEAR EASTERN AND SOUTH ASIAN M E AIRS _ I is _B_UE A 1 Qf_INT J Ll f t J h AND RESEARCH AND · P1 AS _Y_ EJfiUl_·_IJ E COl1l'1END _YOUR USE OF _________ _ __ ' DISSENT CHANNEL AND WILL REPLY AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE TO THE VIEWS YOU HAVE SUBMITTED YY 1· L l ------------------------------------------ __ _' U i - - - _ UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06415482 Date 10 11 2017 J Wa 5hln ton D C 20520 RELEASE IN PART 86 February 17 1976 TO PM - FROM Sip - Reginaid SUBJECT Dissent Paper on Arms Sales to Pakistan 86 --I_ _ _ _ _--- JI BartholOme This will acknowledge the receipt of your dissent paper on the Department's policies on arms sales to Pakistan Mr Thomas Thornton of the policy Planning Staff has been named coordinator in charge of a substantive reply In accordance with the stipulated di tribution for dissent messages your paper has been circulated to the offices of the Secretary the Executive Secretary the Director of the Policy Planning Staff and the Chairperson of the Open Forum Panel We commend your use of the dissent channel and will reply as promptly as possible to the views you have submitted ' ' ' j _- _ ' _ - - -- - - - -- - - ' -- _ -- ·· ·-·7· ' - --_ _ _- - --- -' --' - - - - - - ---- - _J UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431510 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State 'Case No F-2016 07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 77 STA'rl 269639 UN CLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED ST rE PA E 01 ORIGIN' EUR-12 HUO oC'r- n ISO- 0 RELEASE IN FULLI 26 639 CIAE- o DODE-Be SSO-e0 USIE-ee INRE-3e DOTE-Be 10-14 L-03 SP-02 PR -01· SS-15 FAA-0e MeT-a1 COME-ZZ 071 R DRAFTED BY EUR CE lMWOESSNER LR APPROVED BY EUR JGOODfY NSl E-·00 NSCE-00 EE-0a H-E2 INR-e7 USSS-00 SY-05 EUR P GEnRON S PRS KBROVlN o 1100Z1Z NOV 77 ------------------ZS9047 lHl054Z 15 FM SECSTATE W SHDC TO AMEMBASSY BONN IMMEDIATE UNCLAS STATE 269639 E O 11652 NIA TAGS A5EG G PINS SUBJECT PRESS CONFERENCE N VEM ER 10 STATEMENT ON TERRORIST THREAT TO LUFTEANS THERE FOLLOWS EERE ITli A VEREATIM TEXT OF THE PORTION OF TODAY'S PRESS CORFERENCE DEALING WITH THE TERRORIST THREATS A AI ST LUFTH NSA BEGIN TEXr A I WANfED ro RE D TO YOU AND EaING TO YOUR ATTE TION THE FOLLO INl ANNOUNCEMENT TO THE PRESS 1Y THE WEST GERMAN GOVERNMENT EARLIER TODAY I THINK AEOUT AN aOUR AID A QUAR1ER GO THE TR1T OF WHICH FOLLOWS QUITE RECENTLY THREATS TO ATTACK JERMAN PASS N ER AIRCRAFT RAVE BECOME KNOWN UNCLASS IFI ED UNCLASSIFIED PA E 02 STATE 26963 AND LET ME GO BACK AND SlY THAT THIS IS A T ANSLATIOH OF A GERMAN TEXT SO IT MAY NOT- EVERY NUANCE-- AY Nor BE EXACTLY RIlET BUT TRIS IS BASICALLY THE TEXT THAT I wOULD LIKE YOU TO HAVE QUITE RECENTLY THREATS TO ATTACK GER N PlSSEN ER AIRCRAFT HAVE BECO E KNOwN INDEPENDE TLY OF THE FAcrUAL BACKGROUND THE FEDERAL GOVERNMENT TAKES TEESE THREATS SERIOUSLY AS IT HAS ALL REp·JRTS F DAN· 7ER OF RECENt DAYS THE FEDERAL G0VERNMENT HAS UNDERTAKEN COMPREHENSIVE EFFECTIVE SECU ITY EASURES IN ORDER T PREVENT TERRORIST ATTACKE A 7AINST ERMlN AIRCRAFT IN THIS REGARD IT BAS NOT R STRICTED ITSELF TO MEaSURES WITHIN ITS BORDERS ALONG WITH THE PRECAUTIONE THAT' EVERYONE CAN RECOGNIZE ENER ETIC ADDITION L ME SURES WERE EFFECTED UNDERSTANDIN FOR THESE PRECAUTIONARY MEASURES IS ASKED OF CITIZEKS AND ES ECIALLY OF FLIGHT PASSENGERS HOSE SECURITY THESE MEASURES ARE PRIMARILY INTENDED TO SEav TSAT IS THE END OF THE WEST JERMlN ANNOUNCEMENT EARLIER UNCLASSIFIED PA GE 1 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 • UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 ' ' 'fA' Go Jb 5 1 UNCLASSIFIED T-ODAY NOW I DON'T H VE MUCH MORE THAT I CAM ADD FOR YOUR INFORMATION ·ABOUT THIS INCLUDIN -Q DID TREY SK Y U TO REPORT IT AT A BRIEFING A NO O wELL NHY DID YOU READ IT UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED PA E 03 STATE 269533 A WE ARE RE DING IT TO ERING TO YOUR ATTENTION JUA AND TO THE ATTENTION OF THE AMERI AR PUBLIC TEE WEST GlRMAN MElSURES HICH ARE CONTAINED IN THE ANNOUNCEMENT I HAVE REA D JOHN ARE YOU TELLING US THAT WEST GER AN POLICE ARE GOING TO BE OPERATING OUT OF U S AIRPORTS A NO LARS I WAS AEOUT TO SAY rHAT I A UNAELE TO GIVE YOU DETAILS OF WHAT THE WEST GERMAK GOVERNMENT IS DOING I ONLY WANTED TO ERINJ THIS TO YOUR ATTENTION YOU ARE GDIN TO HAVE TO ADDRESS YOUR QUESTIORS AS TO WHAT MEASURES THEY ARE TAKING TO THEM Q JOHN -I ADDRESS MY QUESTION TO YOU SINCE YOU VOLUNTEERED A STATEMENT ON EEHALF OF A FOREIGN GOVERNMENT A OK I THINK YOU CAl ALL UNDERSTANr TEE PURPOSE OF THIS ARNOUNCEME T AND IF YOU WANT TO TRY TO ASK ME QUESTIONS I AM UNABLE TO ANS ER THAT IS UP TO YOU DOES THE UNITED STATES APPROVE OR DISAPPROVE OF WffAT THE EST GERMAN OVERNMIIT HAS DONE A DO WE DISAPPROVE OR APPROVE C YES A I TRINK THE _EST ERMA lOVERNMENT HAS TAKEN A STEP WHICH TBEY FEEL NECESSARY TO TAKE AND I DON'T THINK WE ARE IN A POSITION OF APPROVING OR DISAPPRGVING OBVIOUSLY OUR POSITIO OK TERRORIST ACTIVITIES HAS EEEN STATED MANY TIMES MURR Y UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED P JE 0 STATE 269639 c I UNDERSTAND THAT DID THIS RECUIRE SOME ACQUIESCENCE BY THE UNITED STATES AS TO MEASURES FOR SAFETY UNDERTAKEN BY THE WEST GER AN GOVERN ENT lHICE WILL lFFECT TBE BOARDING OF »EST ERKAH AIRCRAFT IN THIS COUNTRY A I HAVE Nor EEEN SO INFOR ED I AM KOT SAYING THAT IT HAS Nor BEEN THEC 5E BUT I AM NOT AWARE THAT ANY ACQUIESCENCE ON OUR PlRT FOR MEASURES IN THIS COUNTRY Ht S EEEN H VEL Q CAN YOU FIND OUT A SURE o IS TH T A NOTE ON LARS lNSWER WHEN HE ASKED YOU ABOUT WEST GERMAN POLICE EEING STATIONED AT US AIRPORTS YOU SAID NO OR YOU DIDN T MEAN T SAY NO A I SAID 1 DID NOT KNOW BUT walT I REALLY MEAN IS UNCLASSIFIED I P GE 2 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 r 'll1' I lI GO Ov UNCLASSIFIED TEAT YOU ARE JOING TO HAVE T ASK THE GER ANS WHAT MEaSURES rHEY ARE TAKING I AM JUET HOT INFOR ED OF IT AND MY PURPOSE IN ANNOUNCING THIS IS TO BRING IT T THE ATTENrIO OF TBE AMERICAI PUELIC JOHN A RELATED QUESTION ON POLICE--i o INCLODINl TBlT THEY SHOULD BE CAUTIOU --J MEAN WEIEN FLYING LUFTHANSA TO THE UNITED STATES A SAY THAT AGAIN I MEAN INCLUDIN3 THAT AMERICANS SHOULD BE CAUTIOUS UNGLASS IFI ED UNCLASSIFIED PAJE 05 STATE 269639 WHEN FLYIN3 LUFTRA SA c DID PiN AMERICAN ASK YOU TO READ THIS LAUGHTER A DO YOU ANT ME TO JUST JOKE ABOUT IT OR DO YOU WANT A SERICUS ANS ER TO A SERIOUS QUESTION WHAT I AM TRYI G TO DO AS I SAY t IS OBVIOUS TO EVERrBODY IF YOU WART TO TRAP E INTO STATEMENTS ABOUT THE T6II S THAT I AM NOT ABLE TO ANSWER THAT IS FINE I AM WILLING TO BE TRAPPED I AM SAYING THAT AMERICANf UST MAKE THEIR OWK DECISIONS ABOUT TRAVEL ON LUFTHANSA E ARE SI PLY BRINGING THE WEST lERMlN GOVERN ENT'S STATEMENT TO THEIR ATTENrION WE ARE DOING IT THAT WAY BECAUSE rHE WEST GERMAN GOVERNMENT IS BEST AELE TO ASSESS A TH EAT TO ITS OWN AIRLINE WE ARE SIMPLY RELAYING THEIR WORDS THEIR MESEAGE TO YOU AND TO THE AMERICAN PYBLIC Q DID YOU TELL THEM BEFORE THAT YOU WEgE GOING TO MAKE ThIS STATEMENT A WE HAVE CONSULTED WITE THEM YES Q AND HAVE ·rHEY ASKED YOllR COOPERATION AS FAR A TfiE SECURITY MEASURES HOT WIrHIN JERNA EORDERS ARE CONGERNEt IS THE UNITED ST TE£ 30ING TO COOPERATE WITH HEM OR IS IT SOMETRINl PURELY GERMAN A I t SURE WE WOULD BE DI SPOSED TO COOPERATE OF COURSE FRANCOIS I JUST DON'T KRO TH IN'S AND OUT'S OF TEE CORVERSATIONS E HAVE HAD ilTP THE WEST lERMANS OR WHAT TfiEY HAVE ASKED AND iHAT iE HAVE RESPONDED I JUST DON'r KNOw UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED PA3E 06 STATE 26963 Q COULD YOU FIND OUT WHETHER THIS AFFEGTE AMERICAN AI RLINES THAT TRAVEL TO GERMANY R '1HETHER THE SECURITY MEASURES RE GOING TO AFFECT TREM A I DON'T THINK IT DOES JOHN THEsr RE MEASURES BEING TAKEN O THE wES GER AK AIRLINE A JAR AS I KNOW - Q JOHN WHAT REALLY IS THE PURPOSE OF TEIE STATEMENT IS IT TO WARN AMERICA S A r TRINK I HAVE SAID IT TNO OR THREE TI ES UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F- 016-07743 P GE 3 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 _ - - - - - - - - - - I UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 77 STA'fE 269639 • UNCLASSIFIED IT IS NOT 1HE ONLY GOVERNMENT THAT IS DOING THIS AND YET I THINK IT IS THE FIRST TIME THAT YOU ARE MlKIN SU H A STATEMENT A IT MAY VERY WELL BE THAT IS SlID ITHOUT PREJUDICE TO ANY OTHER 30VERNMENT OR ANY OTfiER AIRLINE WE JUST HAPPEN TO BE AKINJ THIS AVAILABLE Q I DOI'T UNDERSflND WHETHER YOU ARE SUGGESTiNG NOW TfiAT THE lEHMAN AIRLINES ARE MORE SECURE T AN OTHER AIRLINES OR ARE YOU SUGGEETING TO AMERIC N CITIZENS TO CONSIDER WHICH AIRLINE-- A IDO I AM NOT SUGGESTIN ANYTHING THE wEST GERMANS HAVE MADE AN ANNOUNCEMENT TO THEIR OWN PUBLIC SINCE AMERICANS TR VEL ON LUFTHANSA WE THOUGHT THE AMERIC N PUBLIC WOULD LIKE TO KNOW c SO YOU ARE JUST TELLING THE A ERICAN PEOPLE TH T TREY MAY BE INCONVE IENCED I THEIR TRAVELS TO PROTECT UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Qi PAlE 01 STATE 269639 THEIR OWN SECURITY t IS THAT RI RT A E AR TELLINQ THE AMERICAN PEOPLE WHAT THE WEST GERMANS HAVE ANNOUNCED AND LETTING THEM MAKE THEIR OWN DECISIONS AS TO WH T THEY WISH TO DO IF THEY PLAN TO TRAVEL END TEXT CERISTOPRER UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 4 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06431961 Date 11 13 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445867 Date 12 11 2017 ---'-'--_ - - -PAGE 01 OR 1GIII if ll 'r OCT-OI 12 5Dn STAn DRAnED BY SIP crE IUSERG RYH I PPROVED BY SIP AlA E ARR-FHCHE IL ARA CH RSHUEH ARA RPP-JO' GRADY SlIl-OGOaO DESIRED 0151RI8UII01I Sf' OIlLY ------------------002U4 IlIU7Z IU lIAY 73 FH SE'SIAlE 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FACllliAIE SUC All UIlPERSTANDIlIG RIIIGIIiG TOGETHER VARIOUS lE ITtHAiE UI IDlI REP8ESEI HTlV£S tROll OlVEFSE r i UPIlIr S UrlD R lSE AEGIS OF THE AFt-CiO VISIT CCU o l qK TO MO TKIS Ellt 4 REHEL B liAS 1I0T HEMIi TO eOllvn PRECISE IIIHRUCTlO IS 'AS IIIFERPi D III PARA 4 0 EHEl A•• 6UT 10 l ' £ S THE DEPARTlIEHT'S GE lERAl SWS TH ' IT IIA PF £fE AfLE TO AYOID EXCLUSIVE IDi II IFICATIOn III·lH A Sll GlE OUP AS RUTEl 8 fIlO CATEO 11£ RECDGIIIU THAl THE Vi£ IS or iRE VARIOUS 'CONFIDENTIAl - UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06445867 Date 12 11 2017 UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476866 Date 01 11 2018 I LEASE IN PART I OUTGOING DejJartlnent 0 Sta e PAGE 01 ORIGIN INFO STATE 3278ll TElE'GRAM il3 g a 101213 R OCT 30 DRAFTEO BY S P HJONEsrCJR APPROVED BY s prHJONES · - J2036 2 1712J559Z 1 8 ls2333Z NOV B3 PM SECSTATE WASHOC TO AMEMBASSY CAMASCUS e 0 jq F l O E t J DISSENT CHANNEL i I FOR A L 5 T ATE 327811 LI_ _ _ _ _ _ _ JI FROM AMB 86 BOSWORTH E O 1Z356DECLAS OAOR TAGS'EAID SY JO SUBJECT TERMINATION OF AID PROGRAM IN SYRIA REF t Z AMMAN 9761 I ENTIRE TEXT I THANK YOU FOR YOUR MESSAGE ON THE RAMIFICATIONS OF POSSIBLE LEGISLATION AFFECTING U S AID PROGRAMS I N SYRIA 3 A MEMBER OF THE POLICY PLANNING STAFF WILL COORDINATE A REPLY AFTER DISCUSSING YOUR PROPOSAL WITH APPROPRIATE OFFICES IN ORDER TO GIVE YOUR IDEAS THOROUGH CONSIDERA TION we HAVE FORWARDED COPIES OF YOUR CABLE TO THE FOLLOWINGi' ' THE SECRETARY THE DEPUTY SECRETARY THE UNDER SECRETARY FOR POLITICAL AFFAIRS THE 4SSISTANT SECRETARY FOR NEAR EASJ AND SOUTH ASIAN AFFAIRS -- THE ASSISTANT SECRETARY FOR CONGRESSIONAL RELATIONS -- THE LEGAL ADVISOR -- THE ADMINISTRATOR OF AID -- SIS - CHARLES HILL -- THE CHAIRMAN OF THE SECRETARY' 5 OPEN FORUM II IF YOU HAVE ANY QUESTIONS OR ADDITIONAL THOUGHTS I PLEASE FEEL FREE T6 LET US KNOW AT ANY TIME COMMEND YOUR USE O THE DISSENT CHANNEL SCHULTZ C8NFIBENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED U S Department of State Case No F-2016-07743 Doc No C06476866 Date 01 11 2018                     National Security Archive    Suite 701  Gelman Library  The George Washington University    2130 H Street  NW  Washington  D C  20037    Phone  202 994‐7000  Fax  202 994‐7005  nsarchiv@gwu edu