If EFENSE up APRIL I959 FFICEF CIVIL AN EMERGENCY I q I- In ur'i scut- II 1 r-Iunn'l-I 1-1 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Washington 25 D C FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLAN D-MIN US April 1959 Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Washington 25 D C April 1959 $37 PRO MULGATION FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLAN D-MINUS has been prepared in accordance with provisions of Section 103 of the National Security Act of 1947 as amend- ed 50 USC 404 Section 2 of the Defense Production Act of 1950 as amend- ed 50 USC App 2062 the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 as amended 50 USC App 2251 2297 Reorganization Plan No 1 of 1958 as amended 5 USC 1332-15 Note Executive Order 10346 17 F R 3477 as amended and Executive Order 10480 18 F 4939 as amended The information contained herein provides direction and guidance for readiness planning and emergency Operations to meet the described situation It is the re Sponsibility of each department and agncy to prepare Opera- tional plans through all organizational levels appropriate to its emergency functions This includes taking necessary staffing programming and budget- ary actions in accordance with the Presichnt's budget policy sufficiently in advance -so that a satisfactory condition of readiness verified by periodic exercises will exist at all times Periodic reports of readiness conditions will be submitted as requested This plan will remain under constant review and be subject to continual revision with consideration being given to such national and international fac - tors as variations in the threats to national security status of alliances readiness of civil defense and United States and Allied military capabilities The classified parts of this document contain information affecting the national defense of the United States within the meaning of the E5pionage Laws Title 13 U S C Sections 793 and 794 the transmission or the revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by For training and planning purposes however including the development of imple - menting plans by agencies a department or agency head having re Sponsibility pursuant to this plan is authorized to meet that responsibility by issuance of a department or agency directive or other appr0priate instrument which may con tain all or some of the language as signing the resPonsibility providing that no reference is made to the plan and that the language in the agency instrument so issued be presented as the language of the agency itself Agency instru- ments will be classified pursuant to Executive Order 10501 DISTRIBUTION Executive Of ce of the President Bureau of the Budget Central Intelligence Agency Council of Economic Advisers National Security Council Staff Operations Coordinating Board Whlte House Office Of ce of the Vice President Department of State International Cooperation Administration Department of the Treasury Departlnent of Defense Office of the Secretary of Defense Joint Chiefs of Staff Department of the Army Department of the Navy Department of the Air Force Department of Justice Federal Bureau of Investigation Post Of ce Department Department of the Interior Department of Agriculture Department of Commerce Department of Labor Department of Health Eacation and Welfare Atomlc Energy Comm15 Bronx Civil Aeronautics Board Export-Import Bank Farm Credit Administration Federal Aviation Agency Federal Communications Commission Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Home Loan Bank Board Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service Federal Power Commis sion Federal Reserve System General Services Administration Housing and Home Finance Agency Interstate Commerce Commission National Aeronautics and Space Administration National Science Foundation Railroad Retirement Board Securities Exchange Commission Selective Service System Small Business Administration Tennessee Valley Authority United States Civil Service Commission United States Information Agency Veterans' Administration Except as indicated departments and agencies are responsible for internal distribution TABLE OF CONTENTS Promulgation Distribution Table of Contents Introduction General Situation Assumption Purpose of the Plan Part I - Planning Assumptions A Capability Assumptions Attac As sumptions C Damage Assumptions Part 11 Major Federal Policies I I 5 Part Presidential Actions Part IV Actions by the Director OCDM Annexe 5 Definitions Effects of Nuclear Weapons Flaming and Operational Assignments to Permanent Departments and Agencies Emergency Organization Procedures for Presidential Actions and Documents Appendic 5 Federal Telecommunications Plan Federal Food Plan Federal Housing and Community Facilities Plan Federal Industrial Production Plan Federal Manpower Plan Federal Minerals and Metals Plan Federal Power and Fuels Plan Federal 'I'ran5portation Plan Federal Health Plan Fe de a1 Stabilization Plan rmOWpoom 3 INTRODUCTION 1 FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLAN D-MINUS prescribes policies and actions and provides for implementing documents that will be required by the Federal Government during and after crippling attack on the United States its overseas bases and on its allies This plan gives uniform guidance to the departments and agencies concerned not only in planning for post-attack activities but also in current programming actions designed to improve readiness to meet the situation 2 Part I - PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS Statements to give uniform direction to the Planning process by describing the assumed situation 3 Part II - MAJOR FEDERAL POLICIES Statements of Federal policies required to meet the described situation 4 Part - ACTIONS BY THE PRESIDENT Summary State - ments of Presidential Actions implementing MAJOR FEDERAL POLICIES 5 Part IV - ACTIONS BY THE DIRECTOR OCDM Summary Statements of Actions required for the control of resources and for Federal direction of civil defense aparj'ations 6 ANNEXES Additions which are essential to completeness and APPENDICES Implementing plans 8 IMPLEMENTING DOCUMENTS Actual documents or drafts of documents required to implement actions in Parts and IV are distributed separately from the GENERAL SITUATION ASSUMPTION The Plan is based on an assumed interna- tional situation involving actual or imminent surprise attack on the United States and its allies so crippling in effect as to impair governmental control seriously reduce military strength produce millions of casual- ties disrupt industrial and agricultural production and endanger the existence of the nation and the free world PURPOSE OF THE PLAN 1 To prescribe policies and actions and to provide for imple- menting documents that will be required by the Federal Government during and after crippling attack on the United States its overseas bases and on its allies Objectives of planned policies and actions are a To maintain form and authority of governrn ent b To support military operations and military alliances c To ensure survival of the remaining population and II In 'y f x lit recovery of the nation d To ensure most effective use of resources e To maintain free-world unity 2 To describe planning and operational functions 3 To provide planning policies with which all directives delegations and assignments of responsibility to departments and agencies will be consistent 4 To serve as a guide for coordinating individual agency current programming actions and other readiness measures in order that the total national effort will be unified and properly interrelated 5 To describe emergency organizations which may be established as conditions warrant or require PART I - PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS A CAPABILITY ASSUMPTIONS CAPABILITY IONS are statements of capabilities at this time of the USSR and assumed advance warning capabilities of our own forces CAPABILITY ASSUMPTIONS are not statements of intent USSR CAPABILITY ASSUMPTIONS 'as well as all other assumptions in Part I PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS are consistent with current intelligence It is within the range and scape of the CAPABILITY ASSUMPTIONS that ATTACK and DAMAGE have been developed i THE USSR IS CAPABLE OF E A 5' 1 Supporting a large scale war effort I 2 Providing military aid to its allies such as production equip- ment and facilities military equipment and supplies re search develop- ment engineering and training information and missions and military intelligence 3 Providing political aid to its allies such as financial and other assistance to the governing communist organizations military assistance in suppression of internal disturbances world-wide espionage pr0paganda warfare and subversion and support of their activities in the United Nations 4 Providing economic aid to neutrals and to allies of the United States such as financial grants and loans barter arrangements for international trade production equipment and facilities research deve10pment engineering and training information and missions and commercial intelligence 5 Producing nuclear weapons of varying yields ranging from a few kilotons to several me gatons of TNT equivalent biological and chemical agents and incendiary and high explosive weapons 6 Delivering these weapons anywhere within the United States and upon U S deployed forces and allies by various means including air - craft submarines missiles or by clandestine means 7 Fusing these weapons for air or surface burst or for delayed I action and for detonation at apprOpriate altitude even though 1 I is successfully attacked in dr WARNING CAPABILITIES Missiles may arrive without warning Likewise weapons emplaced by clandestine means may be set off without warning 2 An air raid warning of an initial mass attack by aircraft can be received on the Canadian border and the Atlantic Pacific and Gulf coasts from a few minutes to three hours before the aircraft reach those boundaries Intelligence as to the probable time attacking aircraft will take to reach Specific areas can be available through the Attack Warning System 3 Interior areas can have one to three hours additional warning between the time an air defense warning is received and the time when they are under attack from aircraft 4 Strategic warning is a possibility PART I - PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS B ATTACK ASSUMPTIONS The GENERAL SITUATION ASSUMPTION 5 assumes an international situation involving actual Or immine nt surprise attack On the United States and its allies so crippling in effect as to impair governmental control seriously reduce military strength produce millions of casualties disrupt industrial and agricultural production and endanger the existence of the nation and the free world The circumstances described in the GENERAL SITUATION ASSUMPTION could result from various forms of enemy attack involving the exer- cise by the enemy of some Or all of its capabilities For assistance in planning however the Attack Assumptions which follow describe 'a particular form of attack - - employing nuclear weapons possibly in conjunction with biological and chemical agents -- which is repre- sentative in that its consequences could be of the magnitude describe - in the GENERAL SITUATION ASSUMPTIONThe USSR has made attacks with large numbers of nuclear weapons on the United States and On its territories possessions bases Overseas and on its allies Coincident with the sounding of the domes- tic air raid warning a devastating missile attack was made on prime military targets and weapons emplaced by clandestine means were detonated Some two hours after the air raid warning was dissemin- ated USSR aircraft appeared over U S frontiers The major weight of the Attack has been delivered by aircraft 2 A very high percentage of the missiles penetrated our missile defenses however air defense Operations in North America and over- seas have destroyed a substantial portion of the attacking aircraft but half of those destroyed had reached the bomb release lines and had released their weapons U S and allied military Operations have re- sulted in casualties and damage to the enemy at least as great as those received Notwithstanding severe losses of military and civilian per- sonnel and materiel air Operations against the enemy are continuing and our land and naval forces are heavily engaged Both sides are making use of nuclear weapons for tactical air support in land and sea Operations B ATTACK ASSIMPTIONS 3 The USSR is eacpechd to use its remaining capability to launch additional strategic air attacks and has considerable air power for tactical and air defense Operations The USSR submarine fleet is active in both the Atlantic and Pacific and serious losses to U and allied controlled ocean shipping are being incurred Intensive pr0p- aganda is being directed against the U S and its allies Clandesti activities and sabotage are being conducbd It is eXpected that bacteriological and chemical warfare agents may be employed 4 Both on the North American Continent and overseas the major weight of the attacks appears to have been directed on U S and allied military installations including nuclear weapons delivery capabilities and facilities producing nuclear weapons coastal naval bases concen trations of ground and air defense forces and ports and airfields ser vicing international transpor tion In addition the District of Colum- bia and many papulation and industrial centers remote from military facilities have been attacked Due to actions of Air Defense Forces and to aiming and other errors of the attacking forces many weapons resulted in random surface bursts 5 The weapons employed range from a few kilotons TNT equiv- alent to several magatons All of the weapons in the megaton range burst on the surface The great majority of the weapons in the kiloton range were air bursts Blast and thermal radiation damage extends from 5 miles to as much as 15 miles from ground zeros Severe fire storms and mass fires have occurred in heavily built up cities and many rural fires were started involving growing craps and forests Fires in rural areas have blocked or hindered rail highway and air tran3por- tation routes damaged communication and power transmission systems and cut off many evacuation routes The surface bursts have resulted in wide5pread radioactive fallout of such intensity that over substantial parts of the U S the taking of shelter for considerable periods of time not likely to exceed one 1 the only means of survival Prior to assurance of safety anywhere on the surface radiological intelligence is essential PART I - PLANNING ASSUMPTIONS C DAMAGE ASSUMPTIONS 1 GENERAL The attacks have almost completely paralyzed the functioning of the economic system causing disruption of organized governmental activities fragmentation of society into local groups deter - ioration of our social standards breakdown in our financial system and complete disruption of normal production processes The pr0por tion of human casualties exceeds the pr0portion of material losses In spite of the magnitude of the catastr0phe and the possibility of additional but lighter attacks about 120 000 000 uninjured peOple and substantial material resources remain Consequently there is ultimate recuperative potential to meet the requirements of the surviving p0pu1ation Rewration of our society and its economy is possible in spite of the existence confusion deepair bereavement and deterioration 5 0 on 2 TYPES OF AREAS Some areas of the United States have completely destroyed others are undamaged and casualties in the re - maining areas vary in intensity from place to place The ability of a locality to recuperate from the attacks and support national objectives depends on whether it is in a a Damage Area An area suffering from blast and thermal damage including secondary fires This area or part of it will usually be heavily contaminated by residual radiation Fallout Area An area subject to residual nuclear radiation causirg death and sickness and thus preventing free movement of per sonnel However the pressure of elemental needs will drive many of the sheltered survivors out to face remaining radiation hazards c Undamaged Area An area free of blast and thermal damage and relatively free of residual nuclear radiation Personnel may move freely without acquiring disabling radiation sickness although in some instances personnel would be required to spend non-working time in shelters 3 DAMAGED AREAS In these areas the loss and damage to pr0p erty is severe and the death toll is high Most of the remaining p Opu- lation is either sick or injured The surviving injured outnumber the surviving uninjured In the early post-attack period contamination and debris prevent Operations in and through the area and make surviving resources inaccessible Communications have been destroyed or are inoPerative organized commercial financial and industrial activities have ceased the existing local government has been destroyed or greatly weakened and the morale of the surviving pe0ple is very low These areas urgently need and are completely dependent upon outside aid and assistance Whatever capability for control of resources might exist would be limited to the simplest forms of allocation and rationing of basic goods and services essential to survival Weeks months and in some cases years will elapse before remaining facilities can be safely used 4 FALLOUT AREAS These areas are largely free from pr0perty damage but suffer many radiation casualties The sickness ratio is high and morale very low Although commercial financial and indust- rial facilities may be intact activities are seriously affected by radio- active contamination and manpower losses and by disrupted relations with other business interests in the damaged areas Communication and transportation services are unreliable Local governments in many places are ineffective In many cases resources although intact will require decontamination before they can be used Craps such as fresh fruits and vegetables cannot be used without washing or peeling and fur- ther use of some land may be restricted to grazing of beef-type cattle hogs and sheep or to the growing of non-food crops or cr0ps with low calcium content Radiation casualties and fear of the population to subject itself to further radiation hazards limit or prevent movement of personnel and support of military forces or damaged areas In i many areas relatives friends and neighbors furnish the only medical care available to the sick and injured Controls which may be imposed on resources will have little effect until confidence is restored and the fear of radiation sickne 0V8 ome 5 UNDAMAGED AREAS In these areas there is no proPerty damage or loss of life and no sickness directly due to the attack Those State and local governments which are still functioning in these 3 reas 5 are taking measures within Federal policies to assure the maintenance of law and order and continued survival of the uninjured pOpulation and to provide aid to those on the fringes of the damaged and fallout areas Industrial financial and commercial activities are seriously affected by the destruction of resources located in damaged areas and by the disrup- tion of business relations with customers suppliers contractors and sub- contractors etc located in damaged or fallout areas Tramportation and communication services within the area are in operation but conneztions to other areas are interrupted or destroyed Although morale has been shaken by reports from outside the area it is much better than exists in damaged and fallout areas It is in these areas that programs can be undertaken to aid and assist the damaged and fallout areas to support military Operations and to reorganize and expand national resources Con- servation and allocation of resources in these areas are necessary to in- sure maximum availability of essential items to care for evacuees and to meet the needs of the severely stricken areas and the armed forces 6 FEDERAL CENTRAL GOVERNMENT Central direction is seriously impaired and many of the highest government officials are cas- ualties The relocated Presidential office is functioning is providing national leadership and is working to reconstitute effective nationwide direction and control Washington has been so severely damaged that no operations there are possible Some pre-attack complements of per- c n 1 1I'f 1'l'a n int- ea inadequate to carry out all required essential functions As it is the great majority of the sites have escaped direct effects of the attacks but because of residual radiation many personnel are sick and some are sure to die Nevertheless it is expected that some personnel inclt ing executive reservists who evacuated during the warning period or waited out the radiation hazard in adequate shelter may be available to augment the relocated complements The problems of re-establishing national direction and control of field installations by Federal executive depart- ments and agencies were complicated by inadequate communications and transportation between the Federal relocation centers and the field 7 HEALTH Health resources are in a critical state both from high concentration of these resources in the attacked areas and from the unprecedented requirements for the surviving resources Even with the most stringent selection of patients to be treated rationing of sup- plies from the outset and maximum support of industrial restoration remaining supplies will be inadequate by 7 to 10 days a The general level of casualties throughout the U is extremely serious In many localities it is catastroPhic The following is an estim- ate of the millions of casualties which have occurred or will occm a in direct result of the attacks r i E- MILLIONS Killed and Fatally Injured Injur'Ed Recovery Possible Total Blast 8 Thermal 29 3 32 Residual Radiation l9 9 28 Totals 48 12 60 b The 12 000 000 surviving casualties require emergency medical care Of this number 3 000 000 are suffering from blast and thermal injuries and have an immediate and evident need for treatment Of the 9 000 000 surviving radiation casualties one -half will require hospital- ization at some time during the period from D l week to weeks with the peak 5 000 000 being reched between weeks and weeks Many surviving casualties have been injured by two or more of the weapons effects rendering treatment more difficult and recovery more doubtful Because health personnel and medical supplies and facilities are lacking or are in very short supply several million peeple will die who otherwise might have recovered Many more radiation casualties will occur from the cumulative effects of exPosure to residual radiation and the consumption of contamin- ated foodstuffs and water due to the lack of thorough radiological defense monitoring and the application of adequate protective measures d Many of the supplies remaining are either inaccessible or unusable because of contamination or because of lack of transportation The production potential for health supplies and equipment is almost com- pletely inOperable for an extended period Most of the plants which rema' are seriously damaged or unusable due to contamination and lack of mate ials and skilled personnel c From a pre -attack total of l 6 million hospital beds approximately 100 000 are available for use at days Where medical care is possible most patients are being treated under improvised arrangements utilizing civil defense emergency hOSpitals as available f Besides the casulaties resulting from the direct effects of attack blast thermal and initial nuclear radiation there are 120 million surviving of which there is a daily census of 9 million requiring some type of medical care The medical care requirements are greater than in the pre-attack period because of displacement of pe0ple disruption of normal medical and sanitation services pollution of food and water supplies environmental exposure physical and emotional stress malnutrition and overcrowding Included in the 9 million above the numbers afflicted with communicable diseases are increasing rapidly and half a million require hospital beds These diseased include typhoid fever influenza smallpox diphthe ria tet- anus infectious hepatitis and diarrheal and streptococcal There are some reports of outbreaks of yellow fever and other tropical diseases in the South and of plague cholera and typhus in coastal cities Diseases transmitted by insect rodent and other animal vectors are on the increase Reserve stocks of vaccines are practically non-existent or are inaccessible Epidemics of certain of these and of other communicable diseases are antici- pated 3 FOOD The total food supply is generally adequate to meet the nutritional needs of the remaining population There are large remaining stocks of usable food especially grain and livestock In some areas serious local food shortages have resulted due to loss of wholesale distri- bution facilities and to lack of tran5portation In these areas and in areas affected by heavy fallout survival depends to a large extent on the ade - quacy of home food stocks Local shortages due to transportation or dist- ribution problems are usually of one or several individual items but not of all types of food Day-to -day food production of such items as meat eggs dairy products and flour continues at a reduced level but adequate for the reduced p0pu1ation Dairy production is moderately to severely curtailed in heavily contaminated areas As transportation capability improves the greatest remaining problem is in the distribution of food as a result of the extensive damage and destruction of wholesale warehouses which were concentrated in attack areas a When decay of radioactivity permits survivors located in heavily contaminated areas to leave the place where they have taken shelter there will generally be usable stocks of food in local stores and warehouses adequate to meet needs until inshipments can be resumed In some instances local food shortages will occur Salvable food stocks i evacuated areas will gradually become accessible and will usually be available to areas housing evacuees from such areas b Food supplies in areas receiving little contamination are gen- erally adequate Rationing has been instituted by local authorities in many areas and will be instituted nationally as quickly as conditions permit To conserve transportation for essential shipments all localities have been directed to maximize the use of locally produced foods Food surplus areas are receiving very limited inshipments of some types of food not pro - duced or available locally Since existing food stocks cannot long take the place of continued new production manpower and other resources must be made available in order to continue and where necessary restore essential production pro- cessing and distribution d No attempt is being made to give pe0p1e their choice of the normal variety of food Food items available in one area are not always ava lable in another area The real effort is to provide a diet adequate in quantity and quality to maintain the health and vitality of an active population Food deficit areas receive inshipments of concentrated foods with bulky items usually being used near where they are produced National control is being established over all production processing and shipments of food products to be used outside the immediate area in which they are produced 9 WATER The absolute necessity of potable water for survival is one of the most serious problems Complete failure of the supply of potable water has resulted in attacked areas both because of the physical damage to systems and of power failures Interruption of electric power has also disrupted water supply in other areas It has been necessary to employ makeshift and primitive methods of supply and treatment Supply of water in some evacuation areas is inadequate and use of contaminated water is expected to result in additional casualties Step-gap arrangements for providing potable water from local sources are in effect but waste di5posal is a serious health menace 10 HOUSING AND COMMUNITY FACILITIES Fire and blast have either completely destroyed or rendered unrepairable significant portions of the housing supply in and around attacked areas The situation is further complicated by radiation which has made much of the remaining housing unusable for varying of time and which precludes immediate repairs to damaged housing in contaminated areas Only in isolated situations are the housing inventories adequate to re -house survivors from adjoining attacked areas and re -entry into many target areas will not be possible for an indefinite pe riod of time Voluntary and enforced billeting measures and utilization of non-residential structures are being effected Community facilities of all types have been extremely hard hit Blast damage has not only disrupted nn'jor water and sewer networks but has at the same time dangerously impaired the functioning of water and sewer facilities in peri pheral areas otherwise unaffected by blast and fire damage MONETARY AND CREDIT SYSTEMS The monetary and credit systems have collapsed in damaged areas and are under severe pressure in those areas overrun with refugees and in the areas where evacuees are concentrated In transactions occurring in these areas the price structure is rising sharply as to some essentials while collapsing as to other goods and services Bartering unorganized confiscation and looting are in evidence and threaten further any restoration of an orderly degree of economic activity Because of the breakdown of interrelationships between the financial and banking system and the production and distribution functions personal and business financial transactions in physical undamaged areas threaten to reach a standstill 12 DOMESTIC COMMERCIAL COMMUNICATIONS Minimum nation wide telephone and telegraph facilities remain available to provide for the exchange of urgent communications except with those areas actually attacked and destroyed and with those areas in which communications facilities have been The loss of commercial power sources together with a serious personnel problem created by loss of Specialized manpower through casualties siclmess and confusion the fear of radiation and lack of food and water seriously limits employing the remaining communication facilities to their full capacity Consequently the re are long delays in placing all but the most urgent telephone calls as well as in the delivery of telegraph messages 13 IN ERNATIONAL COMMERCIAL CO MMUNICATIONS International radiotelegraph radiotelephone and cable control terminals located in gateway cities on the east and west coasts have been destroyed Damage from sabo- tage has occurred at cable landing locations on both the east and west coasts and the cutting of the ocean telephone cable has severely reduced the sub- marine cable capacity for handling telegraph and telephone traffic to Atlantic Hawaiian and Alaskan points Limited radiotelegraph and radiotelenhone capability remains however but is unreliable due to electronic jamming damage to facilities at overseas locations sabotage efforts and radiological contamination effects upon surviving technical and Operating personnel Air mail is being employed where available and practicable to supplement the reduced capabilities of the overseas communications network 14 TRANSPORTATION Severe disruption to transportation service exists in all attacked and contaminated areas Within the attacked areas there has been heavy damage to terminal warehousing servicing and related facilities Within cortaminated areas access to some of these facilities has been denied Motor vehicles in non-attacked areas free of contamination including those not previously engaged in common carrier service are being mustered for use in support of disaster areas as fast as trained manpower can be mid available Rail transportation is affected more seriously by disruption of lines and yards in attacked areas than by loss of rolling stock Large quantities of rail and highway motive power and equipment were not damaged making it possible to continue minimum essential traffic within those areas not unduly affected by contamination and to restore principal lines to service as rapidly as radioactive decay or decontamination measures permit Opening lines which by pass the physically damaged areas insofar as the availability of trained manpower will permit However trans -- portation vehicles using petroleum products for motive power are depleting the reserve stocks rapidly Unless these stocks can be replenished idlegmf n ness will be forced upon more and more of tle prime movers in all fo of transportationmajor port areas there has been heavy damage to piers war - housing shipbuilding and repair yards and related facilities Damage to shore-side cargo handling facilities has necessitated the use of alternate outloading ports and sites along the coasts and limitation of shipment to the current capacity maintenance facilities and fuel supplies of those loca- tions Damage to reserve fleets has been minor but reactivation is impeded by losses of repair yards tugs and manpower The world-wide distribution of merchant shipping at sea and in foreign ports has left the major part of the active fleet intact but ship losses are nevertherless seri- ous in light of immediate and heavy requirements for shipping to support and reinforce overseas military operations Neither ships nor convoy pro- tection in the vulnerable coastwise sea-lanes can be provided for other than direct military support except in cases of extreme necessity in priority I 2 higher than that of the military Ocean merchant shipping cannot be counted on to supplement or replace inland domestic surface tran5portation to any substantial extent b Domestic airlift capacity has been decreased substantially due to damage and destruction of air fields and aircraft lack of communications navigational aids manpower repair parts fuel and maintenance facilities The remaining aircraft are largely devoted to high nrioritv routes and high Priority traffic under the air priority system and other controls Trans- ocean airlift capacity is decreased substantially due to destruction of aircraft damage to bases circuitous reroutings and inadequate ground facility capability 15 ELECTRIC POWER Due for the most part to heavy damage to transmission and distribution lines and substations in attacked areas sufficient electric power is not immediately available in the majority of the fringe areas and reception centers Most acute need for power in such mm areas is for refrigeration hospital Operation community water systems if heating and mass feeding Small portable generator 3 can meet only a 1% fraction of these needs Aggregate generating capacity of electric utilitie 5W operable following the attack is sufficient for minimal national needs the re - fore the power shortages will be alleviated in most areas as soon as trans mission and distribution lines can be repaired new lines strung intercon- nections effected and communications re stored Restoration of electric service will be slower than in cases of natural disaster Anticipated de- lays are due to several factors including shortage of available trained man- power difficulty in transporting utility repair crews and materials from un- damaged areas to augment those in areas of need and denial of access into radioactive areas to make repairs and to obtain stocks of materials and equipment new or salvable Where primary sources of electric power have been destroyed the power consuming facilities industrial plants stores homes etc have in large measure likewise been destroyed In most cases there is sufficient generating capacity intact in the system and through interconnections with other systems to meet essential needs of the areas served In those areas however sharp curtailment of supply to undamaged industrial plants will be necessary for an extended period Enough skilled manpower has survived to operate generating plants Fuel stocks at thermal generating plants using coal are adequate to keep plants Operating for a minimum of 30 to 60 days even after allowance for possible use of a part of their stock- piles for other emergency purposes Generating plants dependent solely on oil as a fuel can continue operating for a shorter period from s cks on hand the time varying with the stock position of individual plants 16 FUELS Of all fuel including petroleum products gas and solid fuels motor fuels including aviation are the most universally used throughout the nation regardless of season Therefore even though movement of the mass of passenger automobiles is strictly limited the availability of motor fuels for uses essential to human survival and military operations is of wide - spread and urgent concern Among such uses are the Operations of trucks diesel locomotives water tran5port aircraft tractors and other farm equipment needed for food production and a host of engines required for water supply sanitary diaposal systems and h05pitals a Initial military Operations are being fueled almost entirely from stocks in military storage Stocks of motor fuels in undamaged areas to and through which evacuees moved are nearly exhausted despite rationing efforts by some local authorities In many of these areas and in contiguous support areas radioactivity temporarily immobilizes all transport and farming ope rations thus halting consumption in wheeled equipment and simultaneously preventing replenishment of stocks When radioactive decay permits resumption Of activity some consumers such as railroads airlines and to a lesser extent certain farmers can Operate for a brief period using stocks on hand Generally however there will be an immediate heavy drain on bulk plant Stocks b In cold areas to and through which evacuees have moved the situation with re spect to cooking and heating fuels kerosene fuel Oil liquefied petroleum gas coal and gas is somewhat similar to that of motor fuels Sheltering and feeding of swollen populations in such areas are rapidly depleting cooking and heating fuels in homes and other buildings and in communities served by natural gas lowering pressure in distribution lines Radiation prevents immediate replenishment of home stocks When deliveries can be resumed local distributors' stocks of fuel oil bottled gas and coal will soon be gone Local some utility stockpiles of coal can be tapped if needed for heating of hosPitals homes and shelters At the outset wood where availatb is providing essential warmth but this cannot long meet needs of masses of pe0ple Provision of minimum essential supplies of cooking and heating fuels will depend largely upon restoration Of tr ansPortation and communications c The physical productive capacity of oil and gas wells and coal mines has been little affected by the attack but their Operation in some areas is precluded temporarily by radioactivity making surface work hazardous Even after decay permits work at these facilities breaks in power service will temporarily prevent Operation Of certain of them as well as some pipe - line pumping stations A substantial percentage of above-ground fuel facilities in attacked areas -- including petroleum refineries pipelines terminals tank farms gas compressor stations and coal handling equipment at rail and port terminals has been destroyed or extensively damaged Destruction of docks tanks and refineries in coastal areas has drastically curtailed intercoastal movement and importation of petroleum and petroleum products by tankers Inland the disruption of and damage to railroad water-way and highway transport at or near urban centers will continue to hamper distribution of both coal and petroleum products d The non-military requirements for fuels will be much smaller than pre -attack requirements since millions of fuel consuming units -- particularly residences commercial buildings electric power generating plants and factories -- have disappeared in the bombing With strict rationing of acity including petroleum products and allocation of coal the surviving fuel production capacity including petroleum refinery capacity is sufficient to meet pr0per1y timephased military requirements and minimum essential civilian needs for both motor fuel and heating fuel and also progressively to supply reviving industries Refinery yields will be adjusted to fit the - pattern of needs for particular petroleum products depending on the season of the attack and military requirements Neva-thele'ss due mainly to transportation difficulties severe localized shortages of one fuel or another from time to time during the next several months should be anticipated MANPOWER In assessing the survival and emergency work to be done total manpower requirements substantially exceed the available Although manpower priorities have been established in individual local areas the difficulties of communicating with higher levels of govern ment have resulted in conflicting demands on certain support areas Some survival activities are exPeriencing support surpluses while others cannot function because needed support is lacking a The provision of effective manpower support is je0pardized by the dislocation and disorganization of the general population In many communities evacuation took place in anticipation of further attack Peeple are now attempting to return to their homes but the process is slow and previously identified skills cannot be located until the evacuated papulation is re -estab1ished in the home community It will be some time before manpower in such areas organized to provide needed support to devastated areas and to re wre egs'ential services and production b In many localities radioactivity and particularly the fear of this unseen hazard have temporarily immobilized a tremendous pr0portion of the manpower which would otherwise be immediately available Denial of access to large areas because of the hazard has compounded the already major problems in transportation of labor to the point of need c In many localities there is a surplus of manpower in certain skilled occupations which could be used if necessary equipment and supplies were available Difficulty has been encountered in trying to contain evacuated p0pulations in relocation centers around cities which have been attacked so that they do not further endanger their lives by moving into hazardous areas Many thousands of peOple are trying to reach the homes of friends and relatives As a consequence the size of the labor force and the skill dis- tribution within the relocated area changes continuously The instability of this situation adversely affects the recruitment of specific skills within the area and throws askew the labor assessments necessary to balance manpower demand with available supply with a minimum of population shift Effective use of manpower is further reduced by the unavoidable effects of lowered resistance shock and varying degrees of exposure to d In relocation areas utilization of available unskilled manpower for necessary emergency work is most inefficient because of lack of managerial personnel and trained technicians and of other leaders and sub-leaders pre- viously trained and orgnized Training programs of r a solution but only for short-term skill deve10p ment 18 ESSENTIAL PRODUCTION As in all other areas of genomic activity the effect of the attack on levels of production can best be described in time phases There is an immediate and virtually complete paralysis of the production effort even in non-damaged and damaged areas Following this phase the gradual return of workers to their places of employ- ment sets in motion a slow recovery cycle manifesting itself first in scat- tered undamaged and non-hazardous areas As the radioactivity decays and decontamination is started the areas of recovery expand limited by manpower shortages as well as tran5portation bottlenecks and breakdowns in supplies of processed materials and parts Two major factors determine achievable levels of produc tion a A first major limitation will arise from the damage to the chain of production The pre -attack production levels achieved in this country resulted from the functioning of a highly complex Operation in which many thousands of contributors to over -all production were bound together through the inter relationships of the production processes Suppliers of raw materials fabricators of metal shapes and forms manufacturers of components and subassemblies and final product producers all contributed to the flow of- production in such a manner that by and large items necessary for succes sive steps in the productive process we re available when and where needed It is impossible to measure the damage to this chain of production in all of its ramific ations It seems reasonable to assume however that the process has suffered severe damage not immediately repairable It will take months to determine the bottlenecks and dislocations and many more months to overcome shortages and imbalances The resumption of any sizeahg'ew production effort will of course be dependent on the extent to whicl necessary services -- power tran5portation communications etc a can be prov ided b A second major limitation is the number and types of workers available for production purposes particularly in the first several months As the need for workers for emergency civil defense efforts lessens more persons will becmle available for the production of goods and services How- ever even after the first several months manpower will impose a restriction on the size of the production program because of manpower losses the assignment of manpower to other activities and the lower productivity of the available utilized labor The breakdown in the production process will also result in lowered industrial productivity for which more manpower will be required to complete the same quota of production 19 STOCKPILES OF CRITICAL AND STRATEGIC MATERLALS Due to the pre-attack dispersal of the Federal Government's stoclpiles of strategic and critical materials the major portion of stockpiles of most of the 75 different materials involved have survived the blast and thermal effects of the attack About one-third of the stocks of destructible materials mainly agricultural products for industrial use including oils fibers and rubber were still in target areas at time of attack and losses of these must be calculated on the basis of the actual damage pattern The amount of most of the destructible materialssurviving however is equal to 100 per cent of the procurement priority level previously established for these materials No substantial losses of bulky metal and mineral stockpiles have resulte from blast or thermal effects a In general the destruction of plants which prior to the attac consumed the various types of materials in the stockpiles has been pro- portionately greater than that suffered by the stockpiles themselves There- fore the quantities of stockpiled materials which physically survived the attack are adequate to meet the requirements of the remaining consumer plants b The extent to which remaining stockpiled materials are affected by radioactive fallout as a result of the attack cannot be ascertained immedi ately Radiological monitoring of stockpiles in fallout areas will have to be done when access to the areas becomes possible Where the material is thus found to be radioactive the rate of normal decay of radioactivity in the mate rial and also the efficacy and practicability of decontamination will have to be determined Only after these findings are made will it be possible to ascertain the time-phasing of availability of usable material from radio- ac tive stoc kpile c Little demand for stockpiled materials except for narcotics is expected during the first 60 to 90 days after attack The processors of metals and minerals the largest category of stockpiled materials usually have sufficient inventories available to Operate for aperiod of at leas 60 to 90 days The same is generally true of users of most other categories of stockpiled materials If consuming plants are Operable soon after the attack it is probable that their inventories of raw materials also survived and are usable even though requiring decontamination in some d Denial of access to points or areas through which personnel and service tran5portation equipment must pass to examine and obtain some of the stockpiles for use in plants in unaffected areas mays be a delaying factor There will be a problem of marshalling tran5portation for movement Of bulky materials from surviving us able stockpiles to distant surviving plants n eding them Air tran3port of certain materials will be feasible and iustified in some instances The tranSportation conditions which will flow of other raw mate rials with which they are used at consuming plants Therefore transportation of stockpiled materials should not generally be a limiting factor in production by plants utilizing such mate rials PART II - MAJOR FEDERAL POLICIES MAJOR FEDERAL POLICIES consist of statements adapted to give direction to the planning process They are designed to meet the objectives described in the PURPOSE OF THE PLAN Although it may be possible to take certain Federal actions during and soon after attack the implementation of others could vary considerably in time from rapid action in some UNDAMAGED AREAS to a lag in implementation in DAMAGED AREAS Nevertheless all executive elements of the Federal government including field installations will assume for planning purposes that the Federal government will implement these MA OR FEDERAL POLICIES A MAINTENANCE OF GOVERNMENT AND ORDER 1 The President under his constitutional and statutory authorities directly or by delegation will take or direct whatever actions are essential for national security and survival 2 The Director OCDM acting for the President will coordinate and direct the civil defense and defense mobilization activities of the Federal Government 3 Initial reliance for Federal executive actions will be placed on the existing departments and agencies Annex C with emergency agencies to be established later as conditions may warrant or require Annex D 4 Federal executive agencies will Operate from relocated headquarters and field establishments Pending the resumption of effective centralized control Federal regional and other field officials will act in accordance with perpositioned directives prearranged plans including alternate head- quarters and lines of succession and decentralized authority provided by the agencies concerned All units will carry out Operational assignments of an emergency character including pre -emergency plans for continuity of their essential functions and aid to the states for civil defense operations 5 The Regional Directors OCDM will coordinate and in appr0priate circumstances direct the civil defense and defense mobilization activities of Federal agency field establishments within their regions 6 Primary reliance will continue to be placed on the states and local governments for the performance of normal civil functions and such other functions as may be specified in prearranged plans and initial Federal efforts will be to increase their effectiveness However when requested by a state government or when a state government is unable or unwilling to perform essential civil functions Federal authority I 1 I will be relied upon to ensure performance of sucn functions WM 7 Military assistance will be made temporarily available by Federal military commanders for civil defense operations upon reque st such assistance being rendered as necessary and to the extent that it can be made available without prejudicing essential military Operations or their direct support If rid- r 8 A national emergency and a civil defense emergency will be f' a 3 'l c proclaimed 9' 9 If not in session the Congress will be convened as soon as possible Standby legislation will become effective and requests for addi tional emergency legislation will be transmitted 10 Funds will be made available to Federal agenc1es for emergency Operations 11 Actions will be taken to support the restoration and functioning of the economic system including banking and credit 12 A Federal order will be issued imposing immediate ceilings on prices wages salaries and rents and steps will be taken to ensure equitable distribution of essential consumer goods 13 Internal security measures will be implemented 14 Domestic public information programs will be implemented 15 Censorship will be imposed including implementation of the voluntary Censorship Code for public media B SUPPORT OF MILITARY OPERATIONS 8 MILITARY ALLIANCES 1 Members and units of the reserve components of the Armed Forces will be ordered to active Federal duty as required 2 Military aid to allies will be reviewed LO 3 The Department of Defense will as necessary place calls for inductees on the Selective Se rvice System within strength ceilings estab- lished by the President 4 Economic warfare activities will be carried out 5 The Secretary of Defense may establish military areas where needed for military purposes C SURVIVAL OF THE POPULATION 1 Radiological defense monitoring and the application of protective measures will be taken to reduce further casualties from the effects of residual radiation 2 Health services will be provided to ensure maintenance of the health of the surviving pepulation and the return to productive activity of the greatest possible number of casualty and non-casualty injured 1 3 Priorities of care will be established for the treatment of the sick and injured The level of care will be as high as possible but ities will be governed by the national rather than the individual needs I l 1 2 if 4 Enforced billeting will be authorized 5 Rationing will be imposed on consumer goods Restrictions will be imposed on p0pulation movement 7 Welfare services and assistance financial or in kind will be furnished to all persons in need D USE OF RESOURCES FOR ESSENTIAL PURPOSES 1 Federal controls will be imposed on production construction dis- tribut ion manpower medical service food housing tran5portation communi- cations fuel power and water re sources 2 For industrial and agricultural production priority will be given to the resumption and continuation of Operations that can produce material urgently required for militlary Operations and new supplies of survival items and services 3 Federal requisitioning will be authorized to acquire goods prOperty and services for immediately essential programs when other means of pro- 2 7 4 International trade will become subject to further regulation 5 Non-military and economic aid to allies and neutrals will be reviewed and adjusted 6 An embargo with respect to selected destinations will be placed on non-military exPorts regardless of ownership Release will be dependent upon inventory and allocation arrangements 7 Import restrictions such as tariffs customs regulations etc will be susPended to the extent necessary to facilitate the receipt of use - essary supplies and discharge of ship cargo 8 American-owned foreign assets and gold which can be used to purchase supplies from abroad will be controlled and financial transactions regulated as necessary E MAINTENANCE OF FREE WORLD UNITY l U S foreign policy and diplomatic relations with each country will be re-examined with a view to strengthening our alliances and obtaining-- support from friendly and neutral comtries 2 International arrangements will be' established 'for the supply and allocation of necessary goods and services for the coordination of information 3 Foreign information activities directed to friendly enemy and neutral countries will deal with statements of intentions and purposes of U S policy statements of war objectives programs of the S in with- standing and recovering from attacks and free world retaliation statements covering U 5 foreign economic policies and assistance to free world countries PART - PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS REFERENCE ANNEX TO FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLANS FOR PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS AND The Summary Statements listed in this Part describes actions the President may wish to take in the circumstances described in the General Situation Assumption page 5 Documents for such actions shall be prepared as prescribed in Annex They shall be premised on the General Situation Assumption When completed the documents shall be held in readiness for use by the President as he in his discretion shall determine in such an emergency Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements assume a civil-defense emergency with reliance upon statutory authorities where '1 Where such authorities are not available and the probable g1 a delay which would be 0 ccasioned by obtaining such authorities would jeepardize the national security the extraordinary powers of the Preside under the Constitution shall be used as legal authority for the required actions Appr0priate legislation as listed in this Part will be requested as soon as possible Presidential Actions prescribe and implement national policy assign re5ponsibi1ities and delegate authority Planning is based on the assumption that the President will take these actions when the described situation occurs or at an appropriate time the reafter All other planning and readiness measures to meet the situation will be conSIStent therewith It should be clearly understood that the assumption that the President will take these actions is made for planning purposes In an actual situation the President retains the authority and re5ponsibility for decisions according to his evaluation of conditions Decisions would include whether or not to take the various actions the scope of actions if taken when and in what sequence and other considerations DEFIN IT IONS IDENTIFICATION NUMBER - The identification number of the Summary Statement and the implementing document is enclosed in parenthesis at the end of the statement RESPONSIBLE AGENCY - Designated in parenthesis at the end of the Summary Statement is the agency having primary reaponsibility for all necessary pre - emergency planning in connection with the Statement including necessary preparation and coordination within the Executive Branch the preparation of the implementing doc ument and performance of annual review 5 I 1 i 5 GOVNET - Agencies included on the Government Communications Networ as listed in Annex H-HOUR ACTIONS - Actions to be considered immediately by the President wherever he may be upon enemy attack or intelligence to the effect that attack has been launched even though physical damage to the U S has not yet occurred D-DAY ACTIONS Actions to be considered as soon as possible on D-Day RESERVE ACTIONS - Actions to be considered as soon as the prevailing conditions demonstrate the need the refor PRE-EMERGENCY AUTHORIZATIONS - Delegations of authority which have already been promulgated and emergency statutes already enacted or which are proposed for promul- gation or enactment 1n the near future and pr1or to the emergency and which will become Operative automatic - ally upon enemy attack H-HOUR ACTIONS PROCLAMAT ION of the existence of an unlimited national emergency and a state of civil defense emergency Al PROCLAMATION that an act of war has been perpetrated against the United States Al PROCLAMATION providing that whenever the Director of OCDM determines that a state government or political subdivision thereof is unable or unwilling to perform essential civil functions I the Director shall discharge all necessary functions of such local dvil government 2 military commaners shall make avail- able to the Director and Regional Directors of OCDM those re- sources not needed for the conduct of military Operations and 3 officials of local civ governments and of Federal departments and agencies shall make any necessary requests for military assigv ance to the Regional Directors A1 a PROCLAMATION authorizing the Secretary of Defense where necessary to maintain public order and enforce Federal State and local laws Al 42 REV 1 Proclamation A1-4Z REV 11 53 would be issued only if the provisions of Al -69 were not adequate to meet the situation PROCLAMATION authorizing Secretary of Defense to establish and govern military areas PROCLAMATION convening Congress if not in session Al -48 Justice EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for c1v1l defense rrsasures and the mobilization of the nation's resources The Order provides for the utilization of the personnel materials facilities and services of Federal Agencies during the civil-defense emergency and pre scribes 1 extraordinary functions of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization and 2 re Sponsibilities for the performance of func - tions by existing departments and agencies with reSpect to health welfare services communications food energy and minerals housing manpower production stabilization and tran3port pending the possible establishment of emergency age rims and the transfer of such functions thereto Al -16 REV OCDM 8 PROCLAMATION concerning the documentary requirements applicable to persons seeking to enter or leave the United States A1 -93 State NOTE Proclamation Al -98 requires issuance in a Plan situation it also governs the documentary requirements in a Plan D-Minus situation along with Proclamation Al -99 which applies to actual physical control of persons seeking to cross our borders PROCLAMATION authorizing the control of persons entering or leaving the United States A1 99 Justice PROCLAMATION for the control of alien enemies Al -7 Justice PROCLAMATION authorimng apprehension of persons considered dangerous to national security EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for the transfer of the personnel funds mate rial and facilities of the Federal Aviation A gency to the Department of Defense A1 - EXECUTIVE ORDER for the control of weather reports and coordin- ation of civil meteorological facilities A1 -9 Defense EXECUTIVE ORDER authorizing Secretary of State to institute measures of protection surveillance and control of certain foreign diplomatic corsular and other official personnel Al -28 REV 5 58 State PROCLAMATION authorizing Secretary of Defense to exclude from Defense fac1lities persons whom it is reasonable to believe might engage in sabotage e5pionage or any other subversive act Al -Z4 Defense EXECUTIVE ORDER 1 establishing Office of Censorhip and requiring Director thereof to censor communications crossing the borders of the United States its territories or possessions and Z directing Secretary of Defense to perform such censorship functions until Office of Censorship deve10ps pperational readi ness A4-2 REV EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing control over communications With resPect to position and movement of ships A1 -73 Defense D-DAY ACTIONS EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for the establishment of an alternate system for filing and publishing executive agency documents Al EXECUTIVE ORDER concerning augmentation of the Armed Forces 1 su3pending all limitations on their personnel strength 2 requiring military personnel to serve until six months after the war or emergency whichever is later 3 extending liability for registration and performance of military service to all men 18 to 46 years of age inclusive 4 suspending any restric- tions on territorial use of any unit or individual 5 providing that members of the reserve components of the Armed Forces may be called to active duty by Secretary of Defense and 6 prohibiting enlistment of males except under Universal Military Training and Service Act A1 -54 REV PROCLAMATION regarding national policies relating to resources - and the financial and economic system Al -51 REV EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Stabilization Agency and prescribing its functions Al EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency TransPOrt Agency and prescribing its functions Al EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Communica- tions Agency and prescribing its functions Al EXECUTIVE ORDER delegating all powers vested in the Presi- dent with re Spect to financial and banking transactions and banking institutions A - 10 T re asury EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing military jurisdiction over the Panama Canal and the Canal Zone Al 1l Defense EXECUTIVE ORDER directing the Coast Guard to a service in the- Navy - AI -62 REV EXECUTIVE ORDER regarding control of veSsels in territorial Waters of the United States and the Canal Zone Al-la REV 7 58 Defense EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for the establishment and opera tiOn of an Emergency Financial System A1 -56 BOB EXECUTIVE ORDER amending Executive Order 10501 by authorizing additional Federal Agencies to classify defense information A1 - 57 Justice EXECUTIVE ORDER adjusting the Federal Civilian personnel system for Operations in a national emergency and other related matters Al EXECUTIVE ORDER declaring the Commissioned Corps of the Public Health Service to be a military service and prescribing regulations therefor Al EXECUTIVE ORDER setting forth benefits available to certain government civillan personnel for injury death or detention resulting from war risk hazards Al EXECUTIVE ORDER susPending requirements as to di5p1ay of lights and sounding of signals on board U S vessels Al -76 Defense EXECUTIVE ORDER barring action against the United States arising out of certain combatant or warlike activities of U S Naval vessels A1 List of T0p1cs to be considered for possible inclusion in a Presidential State to the pe0p1e as to the state of the nation after attack Al RESERVE ACTIONS 201 MESSAGE to Congress requesting the declaration of a state of war with related Joint Resolution of Congress declaring the existence of a state of war and confirming and ratifying Hesi- dential actions taken after attack on the United States Al -67 Reserve Justic e REPORT to Congress on interim actions that have been taken for the handling of executive affairs Al 61 Re serve Justice EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Food Agency and prescribing its functions Al -91 Reserve OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Energy and Minerals agency and prescribing its functions Al -92 Reserve OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Housing Agency and prescribing its functions A1 -93 Re serve OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Manpower Agency and prescribing its functions Al EXEC UT IVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Health Agency and prescribing its functions Al-102 Reserve OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER establishing the Emergency Production Agency and prescribing its functions Al -95 Re serve OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER directing the Director of the Bureau of the Budget to order on behalf of the President the curtailment or discontinuance of non-essential functions in the Executive Branch and for agencies to make available for performance of essential functions funds personnel material ard facilities made available by such curta1lment or discontinuance A1 -68 Reserve BOB PROCLAMATION establishing the Cristobal and the Gulf of Panama Maritime control Areas and prescribing regulations for the control thereof Al -10 Reserve Defense NOTE This requires negotiation by Department of State with Government of the Republic of Panama before issuance EXECUTIVE ORDER authorizing Secretary of State to control all property within the United States owned or controlled by the diplomatic or consular establishments or personnel of certain governments Al -29 Reserve State EXECUTIVE ORDER designating authorities to certify the essen- tiality of access roads to permit construction of such roads to serve new sources of raw materials under provisions of the De fense Highways Acts of 1941 and 1950 as amended and re -en- acted 23 USC 210 Al 115fReserve Commerce EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for military aid to allies Al -79 Reserve Defense 214 EXECUTIVE ORDER providing for non military aid to allies Al 114 Reserve State 215 JOINT RESOLUTION relating to Presidential Proclamation A1 authorizing apprehension of persons considered dangerous to national security Al - 109 Reserve Justice THE WAR RESOURCES ACT a Bill providing for I priorities and allocations 2 authority to requisition 3 exPansion of Productive Capacity and Supply 4 acquisition and d15position of real pr0perty 5 emergency contracting authority 6 plant seizures 7 emergency foreign assistance 8 price and wage stabilization 9 control of consumer and real estate credit 10 employment control 11 settlement f labor di5putes 12 censorship of communications 13 general provisions Al-26 Reserve OCDM A BILL to extend the benefits of the Missing Persons Act to civilian officers and employees in the executive legislative and judicial branches in the continental United States Al -82 Reserve CSC A BILL to give the President broad emergency powers to c0pe with civilian personnel problems in the Executive Branch A1 -33 Reserve csc A BILL to establish the Federal Emergency Financial System A1 -84 Reserve BoB A BILL to provide for additional tax revenues A1 -30 Reserve Treasury A BILL to authorize an increase in the statutory public debt limit Al 81 Reserve Treasury A BILL authorizing the President to provide for the summary excl sion from national defense facilities of certain individuals who may engage in sabotage eSpionage or other willful activity intended to disrupt the nation defense program A1 - 103 Reserve DoD A BILL establishing control over communications with re Spect to the position and movement of ships Al - 104 Re serve DoD A BILL authorizing the actions under items 1 through 5 of Item Legislation 15 not required for iiem Al - 105 Reserve Do D A BILL authorizing the susPension of requirements of statutes with resPect to disPlay of light and sounding of signals on board certain A1 -106 Reserve DoD A BILL which would bar suit against the United States arising out of certain combatant or warlike activities of military vessels of the United States A1 - 107 Reserve A BILL providing for non-military aid to allies Al-110 Reserve State A BILL to amend section 14 b of the Federal Reserve Act as amended remov1ng the existing limitation of 000 000 000 on the direct purchase by Federal Reserve Banks of Government obligations A - 1 11 Re serve T reasury A BILL to exempt from reserve requirements de5posits payable to the United States by Federal Reserve niember banks arising solely as the result of subscriptions made by such mem Der banks for United States Government securities and to exclude such deposits from the definition of deposits for the purpose of determining the assessment base for any insured bank Al-l 12 Re serve Treasury EXECUTIVE ORDER supplementing authority already delegated to the Secretary of Treasury for the facilitation of lending Operations A1 - 11 3 Re serve Treasury PRE EMERGENCY AUT TIE Pr0posed EXECUTIVE ORDER NO DATED 1959 directs that 1 emergency relocation plans both at the 5 eat of Govermrrent and elsewhere will be activated immediately on receipt of the SIGNAL which -is a steady blast We to ve minutes duration 2 all civilian employees of the' Executive Branch in the greater Washington D C area will immedia tely evacuate that area upon receipt of the ALERT SIGNAL 3 all civilian em- ployees of the Executive Branch having emergency reloca- tion site assignmenis will on receipt of the ALERT SIGNAL proceed to their emergency relocation sites in accordance with department or agency instruction 4 all civilian em- ployees of the Executive Branch who do not have emergency relocation site assignments will on receipt of the ALERT SIGNAL follow the instructions given to the public by local Civil Defense Authorities 5 instructions authorized herein are subject to necessary exceptions for personnel having other authorized emergency asiignments 6 heads of de- partments and agencies are responsible for issuing pre- emergency instructions to all their employees with respect to actions to be taken by them on receipt of the ALERT SIGNAL Such instructions will rovide for the performance at reloca- tion sites subject to appropriate authorization of such functions as may have been assigned for planning purposes by the Director Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization including those emergency functions requiring specific authorization by the Pre sident Al- 30 OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER NO 10705 dated April 17 1957 dele- gates authority to the Director OCDM pursuant to ections 305 and 606 of the Communications Act of 1934 as amended The authority contained in subsections 305 a and 606 a may be performed only during the continuance of a war in which the United tates is engaged and the authority contained in subsections 606 c and may be performed only upon pro- clamation by the President that there exists a state of' war involving the United 3 tates OCDM EXECUTIVE ORDER NO 10638 dated October 10 1955 authorizes the Director OCDM to order the release of strategic and critical materials from Director OCDM to order the release of strategic and critical materials from stockpiles in the event of an enemy attack upon the Conti- nental United States OCDM PART IV - ACTIONS BY THE DIRECTOR OCDM Actions by the Director OCDM listed in this Part IV are those required to be taken to meet the described situation The authority for taking these actions is found in two places 1 current statutes and Presidential delegations and 2 Presidential Actions in Part Planning is based on the assumption that the Director will take these actions shortly after the described situation occurs All other planning and readiness measures will be consistent therewith It should be clearly understood that the assumption that the Director Will take these actions is made for planning purposes In an actual situation actions by the Director would depend on his evaluation of the situation and actions by the President The OCDM is re5ponsible for ensuring all necessary pre -emergency planning in connection with an action including necessary preparation and coordination The identification number of the action statement is indicated in parentheses at the end of the statement For instance indicates Plan D-Minus OCDM Number 1 PART IV - ACTIONS BY THE DIRECTOR OCDM Organization Directive No 1 Internal organization of Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization DO- 1 Resource Directive No l Delegation of priorities and allocation in I a authority and policy for its use DO-2 Resource Directive No 2 Delegation of authority to requisition private pr0perty and policy for its use Resource Directive No 3 Construction and operation of emergency facilities DO Resource Directive No 4 Delegation of emergency contracting authority DO-5 Resource Directive No 5 Plant seizure DO-6 Resource Directive No 6 Establishing a central inventory and providing for effective utilization of idle government-owned produc tion equipment and machine tools DO-7 Resource Directive No 7 Physical security protection measures Do 3 Resource Directive No 8 Withdrawals of materials from national stockpiles Resource Directive No 9 Procedures re deve10pment of national program Resource Directive No 10 Solid fuels stockpile DO-10 Resource Directive No 11 Antitrust immunity to voluntary agreements DO-1 1 Resource Directive No 12 Federal agency personnel material facilities and services for civil defense purposes DO-12 Resource Directive No 13 Coordination of activities to suppress fires in rural areas Resource Directive No 14 Delegation of certain authorities to Post- master General PART IV - ACTIONS BY THE DIRECTOR OCDM Resource Directive No 15 Damage assessment surveys and reports DO-15 17 Resource Directive No 16 Responsibility for administration of projects being 'c ontinued unde r' contracts of the forme Defense Minerals Explom ation Administr ation DO - 16 - 18 Resource Directive No 17 Withdrawal of narcotics in General Services warehouses DO- 17 19 Damage Assessment Memorandum No Aerial reconnaissance in support of national damage assessment program DO- 18 20 Health Directive No l Mobilization and use of health resources of the Nation 21 Health Directive No 4 Minimum health standards to apply in areas of relocated people and facilities DO-20 22 Health Directive No 5 Standards for use and or emergency con- struction of water sewerage and other sanitation facilities DO-21 23 Housing Directive No 1 Ordering activation of plan for billeting refugees DO- 22 24 Housing Directive No 4 Use of federal housing for refugee lodging DO-23 25 Manpower Directive No Delegation of authority and establishment of general policy for emergency management of manpower DO- 24 26 Stabilization Directive No 1 Delegation of stabilization authorities DO-25 27' Availability of foreign resources DO-26 EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Washington 25 D C April 1959 DEFINITIONS ANNEX A TO FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLANS Definitions contained herein define words and terms as used in planning to meet various emergency situations and are not intended to define the words and terms for all usages Terms relating to nuclear activities are defined in Annex B Effects of Nuclear Weapons DEFINITIONS ANNEX A TO FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLANS AIR DEFENSE All measures designed to nullify or reduce the effectiveness of an attack by hositle aircraft or missiles after they are airborne AIR DEFENSE EMERGENCY A condition declared by Commander- in-Chief North American Air Defense Command CINCNORAD when hostile action is imminent or sufficiently probable to require emergency air defense measures AIR RAID WARNING A condition of warning indicating that an attack by hostile aircraft or missiles is probable or imminent This condition remains in effect until terminated by orders from competent authority ALLOCATION The apportionment by government of available materials or services among users or assignnent of a facility to a particular use in the national interest ALTERNATE HEADQUARTERS An existing facility currently manned and capable of assuming essential emergency functions of the primary headquarters in the event such headquarters cannot operate or relocate ANNEX An addition to a plan essential to its completeness or under- standing APPENDIX An implementing plan ARMED FORCES An inclusive termiwhich embraces all of the military forces of a nation or a group of nations ATTACK WARNING SYSTEM communications system used for the dissemination of civil defense warnings from the various origin- ating points throughout the Country to the local levels and then to the general public through the sdunding of warning devices and all other available media The Attack Warning System con-prises the National Warning System NAWAS and the State and local BIOLOGICAL WARFARE The intentional employment of living organisms toxic biological products and chemical plant growth regulators to produce death or casualties in man animals or plants and defense against such action BIOLOGICAL WARFARE AGENTS The materials used in offensive biological warfare CAPABILITY A power or capacity to do a particular thing arising from the forces and resources now available or due to become avail- able within a given time period CASUALTY A person injured and needing treatment or one killed CENSORSEHIP InsPection and regulation of material to prevent the unauthorized disclosure of information of value to an enemy and to secure intelligence of value to the United States in the prosecution of war CHAIN OF COMMAND The succession of officials or officers from a superior to a subordinate through which direction or command is exercised Also called command channel CHEMICAL WARFARE The intentional employment of toxic and non-toxic chemical agents flame incendiaries and smoke to accomplish an assigned mission and defense against such action CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS The materials used in offensive- chemical warfare CIVIL DEFENSE Activities and measures designed or undertaken to minimize the effects upon the civilian p0pulation caused or which would be caused by an attack upon the United States 2 to deal with the immediate emergency conditions which would be created by any such attack and 3 to effectuate emer gency repairs to or the emergency restoration of vital util- ities and facilities destroyed or damaged by any such attack CIVIL DEFENSE EMERGENCY A condition which exists when the President by proclamation or the Congress by appr0priate action finds that an attack upon the United States has occurred or is anticipated and that the national safety therefore requires an invocation of the provisions of Title of the Federal Civil Defense Act of 1950 PL920 CIVILIAN REQUIREMENTS The requirements see definition for resources necessary to maintain the civilian econc -y in a state of productive efficiency and in a post-nuclear attack period to assure survival of the Nation's remaining p0pulation and to restore its productivity with due attention to both physical well-being and morale CLAIMANCY The process of calculating the requirements for resources to carry out a function or mission or to achieve a goal and of presenting each such requirement to the Federal Agency res- ponsible for determining the allocation of the supply of the I particular resource involved a- 1 3 CLAIMANT A Federal department or agency or part thereof which performs the claimancy function with re5pect to an activity for which it is re5pon51ble CLANDESTINE ORDNANCE Destructive devices covertly assembled in or introduced into this country COMMUNICATIONS A method or means of conveying information of any kind from one person or place to another except by direct unassisted conversation CONELRAD A short title for Control of Electromagnetic Radiations A plan to deprive an enemy of the use of electromagnetic radiations as an aid to the navigation of hostile aircraft guided missiles and other devices capable of attack upon the United States without depriving the public of standard broadcast radio as a source of news and instructions News and official in- structions can be obtained by the public at- either 640 or 1240 kilocycles on the AM dial in areas served by standard broad- casting stations Eensed to Operate during Ale rt period CONSTRUCTION The act of producing fixed works and structures and making major additions and alternations the reto Construction includes design and engineering clearing and deve10ping land and installation of equipment generally considered an integral part of the structure such as plumbing heating air condi- tioning Construction does not include drilling for oil gas or water digging and sharing mines and farm- ing Operations such as plowing ditching and terracing CONTAMINATION The condition resulting from the deposit of radioactive material biological warfare agents other disease producing agents or chemical warfare agents in or upon structures areas bodies of water personnel and objects or caused by deterioration due to failure of normal sanitary safeguards Includes food water and medical supplies which may be contaminated with disease -producing agents as an in direct result of an attack CONTINUITY OF GOVERNMENT All measures designed or taken to assure the continuity of essential functions of government in event of an enemy attack COUNTERINTELLIGENCE That phase of intelligence covering all activities devoted to destroying the effectiveness of inimic a1 foreign intelligence activities and to protecting information 5 from e5pionage personnel from subversion and installationssh and material from sabotage a as 9-0 CRIPPLING The degree of destruction disruption and loss of life that while not decisive would raise serious question as to the ability to recover and regain former status DAMAGED AREA An Area suffering from blast and thermal damage from a nuclear attack including secondary fires This area or part thereof may also suffer effects from radioactive fallout DAMAGE ASSESSMENT The appraisal of the effects of enemy attacks on resources and exploration of alternative programs for the use of surviving resources D-DAY The term used to designate the day on which an attack is made on the Un1ted States DECONTAMINATION The process of reducing the personnel hazard associated with an object or area by absorbing destroying neutralizing making harmless or removing chemical biological radiological or toxicological agents clinging to or around it DEFENSE MOBILIZATION The employment of government and the national economy for meeting essential civilian and military requirements -3- DEFENSE SUPPORTING REQUIREMENTS That portion of the Nation's resources which must be allocated to the civilian economy in order to assure adequate production and logistical support of the mobilization and combat Operations of the Armed Forces of the United State 5 DIRECTIVE A communication in which a policy is established or a Specific action is ordered A document issued with a view of placing its provisions in effect when so ordered or in the event that a stated contingency arises Broadly speaking any communi- cation which initiates or governs action conduct or procedure ECONOMIC POTENTIAL The total capacity of a nation to produce goods and services ECONOMIC POTENTIAL FOR WAR That share of the economic potentia of a nation which can be used for the purposes of war id - ECONOMIC STABILIZATION All those emergency or wartime economic measure designed to stabilize the economy or in the event of attack upon the United States to restore our economy and there - after to stabilize it These economic measures would include indirect instruments concerned with fiscal and monetary policies as well as direct instruments such as rationing allocation of consumer goods and price wage and rent controls ECONOMIC WARFARE The application in peace or war of measures for the purpose of influencing the economic potential primarily the economic potential for war of one or more nations vis -a-vis others in furtherance of national security EMERGENCY FINANCIAL SYSTEM A plan for financing essential functions of the Federal government in case of attack on the United States EMERGENCY RELOCATION SITE The location to which a headquarters or field office may be evacuated This site should be capable of Operating for the duration of the emergency and include capabili- ties of expansion to meet full mobilization requirements -0- EMERGENCY WELFARE SERVICES Feeding clothing housing or lodging in private and congregate facilities registration locating and reuniting families care of unaccompanied children the aged the handicapped and other groups needing Specialized care or service necessary financial assistance or assistance in kind counseling and referral services to families and individuals aid to welfare institutions under national emergency or post-attack conditions and all other feasible welfare aid and services to people in need during a civil defense emergency Such measures include organ- ization dirt ction and provision of services to be instituted before attack in the event of strategic or tactical evacuation and after attack ESSENTIAL FUNCTIONS Those functions of the Federal government as determined by departments and agencies thereof and approved for the President by the Director OCDM which are necessary to the accomplishment of the indi5pensable Operations of government in war time EXECUTIVE RESERVE Persons selected and trained for employment in Executive positions in the Federal government during periods of emergency under the provisions of the Defense Production Act of 1950 as amended and by Executive Order 10660 of February 15 1956 EXERCISE A maneuver drill or Operation carried out for training or discipline FACILITY A phySical plant which provides the means of assisting or making easier the performance of a function The term facility includes real estate and all improvements thereto such as buildings and equipment For example factory arsenal hosPital FALLO UT The process of precipitation to earth of particulate matter from an atomic cloud also applied in a collective sense to the particulate matter itself Although not necessarily so such particulate matter is generally radioactive FALLOUT AREA An area subject to residual nuclear radiation sufficient to cause death and sickness and thus preventing free movement of personnel FEDERAL AGENCY Any executive department independent establish- ment commission board bureau division or office in the Executive Branch of the United States Government as listed in FEDERAL AGENCY FIELD ESTABLISHMENTS Offices installations or representatives of the Federal Executive Branch of Govern- ment including those normally under the direction of but not necessarily a formal part of the Executive Branch not located at the seat of government or constituting or designated as a National Headquarters FOREIGN REQUIREMENTS The requirements see defirition for resources necessary to assist friendly foreign countries in maintaining their civilian economies in a state of productive efficiency and in a post nuclear attack assuring survival of their remaining poPulations and restoring their productivity with due attention to both physical well being and morale Not included are those quantities of items necessary to provide military support of friendly or enemy civilian p0pulations in combat areas See definition for Military Requirements FUNCTIONS The appropriate or assigned duties of an individual office or organization As defined in the National Security Act of 1947 as amended the term function includes functions powers and duties As defined in Functions of the Armed Forces and Joint Chiefs of Staff approved by the Secretary of Defense 1 October 1953 the term function includes re5ponsibi1ity missions and tasks HARDENING Reducing the vulnerability of a structure device or system by strengthening its material components or otherwise increasing its physical protection against deliberate accidental or natural damage or wear HEALTH MANPOWER Physicians including oste0paths dentists sanitary engineers registered nurses and those occupations included in the List of Health Manpower Occupations issued by the Director Civil and Defense Mobilization after consultation with the Secretary of Labor and the Secretary of Health Educa- tion and Welfare and such other personnel as may be allotted by a General Manpower Agency in an emergency HEALTH RESOURCES The manpower materiel and facilities required to prevent the impairment of improve and restore the physical and mental health conditions of the civilian poPulation HEALTH SERVICES Medical and dental care in all of their Specialties and adjunct therapeutic fields and the planning provision and operation of first aid stations hosPitals and clinics preventive health services including detection identification and control hazards inapection and control of purity of food drugs and biologic als food and milk sanitation public water supplies sewage and other waste disposal registration and disposal of the dead prevention and alleviation of water pol- lution vital statistics services preventive and curative care related to human exposure to radiological chemical and bio- logical warfare agents and rehabilitation and related services for disabled survivors H-HOUR The term used to designate the hour on which attack is made r INTELLIGENCE The product resulting from the collection evaluationr analysis integration and interpretation of all available infor - mation which concerns one or more asPects of foreign nations or areas of operations and which is immediately or potentially significant to planning INTERSTATE COMPACT Agreement between two or more States to commit supplies materials equipment or forces to each other to alleviate the effects of attack INTERSTATE TARGET AREA Any metr0politan complex or other attack objective situated in two or more States INTERSTATE MUT UAL-AID PERIMETER Boundaries of a geographical area agreed upon by the State and between two or more political subdivisions within the State for purposes of planning for the exchange of supplies materials equipment or forces to each other to alleviate the effects of attack INVASION A warlike or hostile incursion into the possessions or domains of another Included in the possessions and domains are land areas territorial waters surrounding land areas and the air Space overlying both LOCAL GOVERNMENT Any county city village town metr0politan area district or other political subdivision of any state or territory -9- MATERIALS Raw matter articles commodities products supplies equipment components technical information and processes but excluded are those source materials by-product materials and special nuclear materials as defined in the Atomic Energy Act of 1954 M-DAY The day designated as the beginning of a mobilization period MILITARY ASSISTANCE TO CIVIL AUTHORITY The provision of resources of the Military Departments to aid civil authorities in maintenance of law and order and to assist in the recovery from the effec ts of disaster The term is synonymous with Military Support MILITARY AREAS Those geographical areas designated by the Secretary of Defense for military purposes from which any and all persons may be excluded and with re3pect to which the right of any person to enter remain in or leave shall be subject to whatever restrictions the Secretary may impose at his discretion MILITARY REQUIREMENTS The requirements for resources necessary for the Armed Forces of the United States to perform their assigned missions Military requirements include those resources neces sary to provide military support of our allies and minimum support of friendly or enemy civilian p0pulation in the combat areas Not included are those quantities of items which may be required for transfer from the Armed Forces for civil defense purposes in the event of attack on the United States or as a result of other disasters See definitions of Requirements and Resources MISSION A duty goal or objective assigned to an individual or unit MOBILIZATION The calling-up of reserves and the assembly of military forces in - rder to meet a national emergency the process of augmentation associated with these actions The act of organiz- ing and marshalling national resources to achieve national ob- jectives and placing the NatiOn including civil defense in a state of readiness to meet a military threat MOBILIZATION BASE The total of all resources available or which can be made available to meet foreseeable wartime needs They include resources required for the support of essential military civilian and survival activities as well as the elements affecting their state of readiness such as but not limited to manning state If train-inn n F nn11ihmnn - ma auia1 10 of the peeple international agreements planning with industry diSPersion and legislation MONITORING The procedure or Operation of locating and measuring radioactive contamination by means of survey instruments which indicate the residual radioactivity in terms of radiation intensity The individual performing the Operation is called a monitor NATIONAL EMERGENCY A condition proclaimed by the President or by action of the Congress that requires extraordinary measures i to insure national safety and welfare 3- 3 9'4 NATIONAL TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS All inter-connected services 3 7 for tran5porting persons and goods by public or private means whether cf a local intercity or interstate character which are determined to be essential to the national effort in time of war or national emergency NON-INT FUNCTIONS Those essential functions which if interrupted or discontinued would affect vitally the survival of the nation post-attack OPERATIONAL ASSIGNMENTS The functions see definition assigned to agencies in the Executive Branch of the Federal government in Federal Emergency Plans OPERATIONAL CAPABILITY The post-attack ability of qualified per- sonnel using facilities available to carry out effectively assigned wartime re5ponsibi1itie OPERATIONAL READINESS The establishment pre -attack of an ope ra- tional capability to carry out all assigned wartime functions PHYSICAL SEC URITY Security against sabotage e5pionage and other hostile activities destructive acts and omissions but excluding security attributable to Operations of military defense and ex cluding also activities with re5pect to disPersal and post-attack restoration of facilities POLITICAL SUBDIVISION Any county city town or other local govern- ment of any State Territory or Possession of the United States -11 PRIORITY The preference which contracts or orders designatd by the government as important to national defense or survival of the Nation shall be given by a supplia- or facility to assure completion or delivery of goods or performance of services ahead of other contracts or orders not so designated Order of preference based on urgency importance or merit PROPAGANDA Any information ideas doctrines or Special appeals disseminated to influence the Opinions emotions attitudes or behavior of any specified group in order to serve the purposes of the sponsor either directly or indirectly PROGRAM The scheduling of future activities so as to meet requirements i RADIOLOGICAL CONTAMINATION The deposit of radioactive material on the surfaces of structures areas objects animals or persons following a nuclear eXplosion This material generally consists of radioactive fallout in which fission products and other bomb debris have become incorporated with particles of dirt etc REGIONAL DIRECTOR Director of one of the regional offices of the Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization REQUIREMENTS The need or demand for resources by Specified quantities for Specific periods of time or at Specified times REQUISITION Government action to demand or acquire proPerty or services needed immediately for purposes of common defense and general welfare without regard to the willingness of the owners or suppliers to provide them as distinguished from normal procurement Requisitioning implies payment of fair value for the goods or Services furnished as guaranteed by the 5th Amendment to the Constitution RESERVE COMPONENTS OF THE ARMED FORCES a The Army National Guard of the United States b The Army Reserve c The Naval Reserve d The Marine Corps Reserve e The Air National Guard of the United States f The Air Force Reserve 3 The Coast Guard Reserve RESOURCES The means available to a person an organization a nation etc for the achievement of an end or for carrying out a function or mission Resources may be tangible i e materials persons facilities pr0perty services and money or intangible i e economic capabilities qualities educational potential organizational ability and the like SABOTAGE Any positive action taken deli berately by an agent or sympathizer of one country coalition or faction to impede obstruct or interrupt normal processes of production or the regular work of employees or the scheduled build up of a war effort within an area controlled by another country coalition or faction The damage resulting from such action The short title for the Federal Aviation Agency Defense Department Plan for the Security Control of Air Traffic and Electromagnetic Radiations during an Air Defense Emergency SERVICES Organizations which perform labor for others without pro- ducing tangible commodities for example transportation service or telecommunication service STRATEGIC ALERT CADRE Individuals or staff units of executive branch agencies which with very short warning can move to relocation sites and conduct mimmum essential functions of the agency until additional personnel arrive or can be recruited STRATEGIC AIR WARFARE Air combat and supporting Operations designed to effect through systematic application of force to a selected series of vital targets the progressive destruction and disintegration of the enemy's war-making capacity to a point where he no longer retains the ability or the will to wage war STRATEGIC AND CRITICAL MATERIAL A material required for essential uses in a war emergency the procurement of which in _ adequate quantity quality or time is sufficiently uncertain for any reason to require prior provision of the supply thereof STRATEGIC WARNING Knowledge of probable attack in advance of the launching of such an attack SURVIVAL ITEMS Those items which would be required following nuclear attack to sustain life at a productive level and without which over a period of time great numbers of peOple might die or have their health so seriously impaired as to imperil the national survival effort TACTICAL AIR SUPPORT The phase or phases of air Operations which assist in the furtherance of a land campaign It includes support of ground forces by air action against enemy air and land objectives as well as against enemy ground forces in the battle area 32 0 TACTICAL WARNING Knowledge of probable attack after such attac kghas been launched TELECOMMUNICATIONS Any transmission emission or reception 0 signs signals writings images and sounds or intelligence of any nature by wire radio visual or other electromagnetic systems AREA An area free of blast and thermal damage and relatively free of residual nuclear radiation Personnel may move freely without acquiring disabling radiation sic kness although in some instances personnel would be required to spend non- working time in shelters UNITED STATES The several states the District of Columbia and the several territories and possessions of the United States includ- ing the territorial waters and the overlying air Space thereof WELFARE RESOURCES The manpower materials and facilities required to provide assistance and services to people in need during a civil defense emergency WELFARE SERVICES It is suggested that the definition used in the pro- posed Executive Order As signing Certain Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization Functions Concerning Education and Welfare to the Secretary of Health Education and Welfare be used in this Annex EXECUTIVE OFFICE OF THE PRESIDENT OFFICE OF CIVIL AND DEFENSE MOBILIZATION 1959 PROCEDURES FOR PRESIDENTIAL ACTIONS AND DOCUMENTS TO FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLANS ANNEX - FEDERAL EMERGENCY PLANS CONT ENTS INTRODUCTION 1 Presidential Emergency Action 2 Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements 3 Presidential Emergency Action Documents 4 Emergency Operational Capability 5 Agency Responsibility TYPES OF PRESIDENTIAL EMERGENCY ACTIONS AND AUTHORITY 1 Presidential Plan Actions 2 Presidential Plan D-Minus Actions 3 Required Legislation 4 Pre -emergency authorizations 5 Authority PROC ED URES Submission of Summary Statements Submission of Documents Cover Sheet Descriptive Statement Security Classification Review and clearance of Documents Approval Distribution and Execution of Plan Documents Approval Reproduction and Distribution of Plan D-Minus Documents Use of Code Words and Code Word Lists for Plan D Minus Documents Notification of Execution of Plan D-Minus Documents 8 Annual Review of Approved Documents 10 1 A INTRODUCTION Presidential Emergency Action is the term applied to the possible action that may be taken by the President to meet the situation described in the particular Federal Emergency Plan including sub- mission to the Congress of required legislation Presidential Emergency Actions prescribe and implement national policies as - sign responsibilities and delegate authorities All other planning and readiness measures to meet the described situation will be con- sistent therewith In an actual situation the President retains the power of decision as to whether or not to take the actions the scope of actions if taken their timing and sequence alternative cmrse of action and other considerations Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statement summarizes fol purposes of listing in the Federal Emergency P1311 the Proposed Pre sidential Emergency Ac tion 3 Presidential Emergency Action Documents consisting of executive orders proclamations other directives and drafts of required legislation will be provided to implement all Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements listed in the Federal Emergency Plans Departments and agencies having direct or indirect responsibility for carrying out Presidential Emergency Actions or portions thereof in an emergency shall establish and maintain operational capability there- for as a current planning re Sponsibility Operational Capability includes a Preparation of emergency Operational plans through all organiza- tional levels appropriate to emergency functions b Maintenance of adequate communications facilities at necessary national and regional relocation sites to receive and issue information Maintenance at approPriate relocation and other sites of resPonsible personnel with delegated authority adequate to carry out the emer- gency functions of the department or agency Pre -positioning at all apprOpriate organizational levels and locations of Presidential Emergency Action Documents and of Specific agency plans and documents as will fully implement Presidential Emergency Actions -2 5 Nothing herein shall be construed as in any manner altering depart- ment and agency re5ponsibility to insure the presentation of Presi- dential Emergency Actions and supporting Presidential Emergency Action Documents to the President'in time of emergency TYPES OF PRESIDENTIAL EMERGENCY ACTIONS AND AUTHORITY PRESIDENTIAL PLAN ACTIONS - matters of national importance which are eacpected to require execution by the President to meet the situation Presidential Plan Actions consist of 1 those actions for which legal authority presently exists 2 those actions which are dependent upon the enactment of new enabling 1e gislation PRESIDENTIAL PLAN ACTIONS - matters of supreme national importance in a civil-defense emergency which are u pected to require execution by the President on D-Day or at an approPriate time thereafter Presidential Plan D-Minus Actions consist of in order of urgency H Hour actions i those actions to be taken immediately by the President wherever he may be upon enemy attack or intelligence to the effect that attack has been launched even though physical damage to the U S has not yet occurred 2 D-Day actions i e those actions to be taken as soon as possible on D-Day 3 Reserve actions i e those actions to be taken as soon as prevailing conditions demonstrate the need therefor 3 REQUIRED LEGISLATION - matters of national importance requiring the enactment of enabling legislation before the President or other offic - ials are empowered to take action These actions as listed in Federal Emergency Plans describe 1 the required legislation and Z the Presidential Emergency Action in implementation thereof PRE-EMERGENCY AUTHORIZATIONS - Presidential or other delegations of authority which hav already been promulgated and emergency statutes already enacted or which are proposed for promulgation or enactment in the near future and prior to the emergency and WhiC'h Will bmome operatwe automatic ally mder the situations as described in Federal Emergency AUTHORITY - in the preparation of Presidential Emergency Actions and supporting Documents to meet a situation a which assumes a civil-defense emergency statutory authorities relied upon where available Where such authorities are not - -3- obtaining such authorities would jeopardize the national security the extraordinary powers of the President under the Constitution shall be used as legal authority for the required actions Appropriate legislation will be requested as soon as possible which does not assume a civil-defense emergency exist- ing statutory authorities shall be relied upon or the actions shall be dependent upon the enactment of new en- abling legislation PROCEDURES Submission of Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements for inclusion in Federal Emergency Plans Normally Summary Statements of pr0posed Presidential Emer gency actions including required legislation are submitted by departments and agencies to the Director Plans Deve10pment and Review OCDM for review by the Mobilization Plans Group This Group chaired by the Director is advisory to the Deputy Assistant Director for Federal State and Local Plans The statements are reviewed in context of the plan- ning assumptions and other plans and are recommended for approval modification or rejection as may be warranted in the circumstances It is only on the basis of approved Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements and their inclusion in the Plan that the Presidential Emergency Action Documents are devel- oped and submitted to the White House Office for approval However departments and agencies are responsible for recom mending to OCDM deletions changes in or new Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements at any time the need therefor deve10ps Submission of Presidential Emergency Action Documents An original and two copies of each document required to implement a Presidential Emergency Action shall be prepared by the re Sponsible department or agency double Spaced on size 3x10 1 2 paper and forwarded to the Director Office of Federal Plans Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Cover Sheet A uniform cover sheet shall be completed similar to the sample Attachment and appended to each capy of the document De sc riptive Statement A descriptive statement shall be prepared and attached to each coPy of the document The statement should contain such exPlanatory background material as will fully reveal the need for the document its nature significance and merits Each statutory provision with U 3 Code Citation involved in the document including those relied upon and those affected should be cited in the descrip- tive statement as well as the wartime or other emergency prece- dent if any and any departure therefrom with explanation by problems ramifications or delicate asPects of the documents should be reported In general the information on the descriptive statement should permit the making of decisions as to recommending the docu- ment to the President and as to the adoption thereof by the President Sec urity Clas sific ation If the document contains information requiring protection in interest of national defense it shall be given an approPriate security classification according to the provisions of Executive Or- der 10501 No reference shall be made in the document to the Federal Emergency Plan which the document implements or its status purpose or use except as may be required in the context of the document to accomplish the purpose for which it is intended- Therefore if a classification is required it will be on the basis of the document's own contents and no consideration need to be given to the Plan which it implements or normally to its relationship to other documents except that documents implementing Presidential Plan D-Minus Actions will have a minimum classific ation of CONFIDENTIAL during the document deve10pment and clearance process until their submission to the White House Office If of course the contents of a document warrants a higher classification it shall be accorded such classification Similarly the descriptive statement will be classified according to its own contents However it may require classification when the basic document is unclassified or a higher classification than the basic document since it may contain information as to the time of use of the document its intended purpose its relationship to the Federal Emergency Plan or to other documents etc -5- c The cover sheet shall be protected by an apprOpriate security classification of or higher since it contains reference to the Federal Emergency Plan and other pertinent information for the attention of the President It will be clas - sified at least as high as the most highly classified attachment thereto Review and clearance of documents a OCDM will provide staff review to assure that documents ade - quately reflect the intent of the Presidential Emergency Action Summary Statements which they implement in the Plan and are otherwise consistent with OCDM policy with the Plan and with other documents Where changes are necessary the document may be returned to the originating agency for revision and re - submission After OCDM review documents will be forwarded to the Bureau of the Budget for interagency comment and clearance review by the Department of Justice as to form and legality and submission to the White House Office When the Bureau of the Budget or the Department of Justice clearance processes result in substantive revision of a document it shall be returned to OCDM for review and clearance with the initiating agency before submission to the White House Office c Agencies are not authorized to reproduce documents their cover sheets or supporting papers except during the clearance process and upon the express approval of OCDM in each instance Approval distribution and execution of Plan Documents a Presidential Plan Documents are approved for planning purposes and for consideration by the President in a Plan emergency After such approval the documents will be reproduced by OCDM and capies thereof will be distributed to Action and Information agencies as noted on the cover sheets Additional c0pies as required by departments and agencies for planning purposes and for emergency readiness will be provided upon receipt of written request therefor to the Director Office of Federal Plans OCDM Such written re- quest should contain a brief explanation of the purpose for which the additional c0pies are needed b In the event of an actual situation similar to that described in Plan C the documents will be evaluated in the light of the actual circumstances existing and would be implemented adapted or modified as might be required In such an event to the extent the President deems it necessary he may consult the department and agency heads responsible for preparation of the documents prior to execution thereof Notification of the execution of such documents in an emergency and dissemination of c0pies thereof will be by regularly establi- 1ed means Approval reproduction and distribution of Plan D-Minus Documents Presidential Plan D-Minus documents are approved by the Presi- dent for planning purposes and for inclusion in his Emergency File After such approval they are positioned so as to be at all times immediately available to the President for possible execution by him in a D-Minus type of emergency For planning purposes and to insure prompt implementation in an emergency photo -offset capies of these documents in limited num- bers as set forth below will be provided to those departments and agencies requiring advance lmowledge of the contents of these documents These cepies must be pre -positioned at relocation sites and other necessary locations so that they will immediately be available to agency heads and authorized personnel in an emer - gency After a document is approved by the President for inclusion in his Emergency File it will be reproduced by Photo-offset process and c0pies so made will be serially numbered by OCDM One photo- offset c0py will be supplied to each Action and Information addres - see for inclusion in the Emergency File of the agency head and one additional cepy is authorized for prepositioning in each agency relo- cation site except field relocation sites providing that secure storage facilities and cleared personnel are available at such site to receive and control classified information Dissemination of additional photo -offset capies of Presidential Emergency Documents by OCDM will be rigidly controlled and re- production by departments and agencies is forbidden See sub- ragraph Departments and agencies believing they need additional photo -offset capies should submit requests therefor with accompanying justification to the Director Office of Federal Plans OCDM Such iustification should describe the new Fm- and Hw- 9 -7- d Two photo -offset coPies of all documents will be forwarded to the Emergency Federal Register Division of General Services Administration for pre -positioning at the Division' 5 relocation site Where all departments and agencies of the Executive Branch are Action or Information Addressees on a document photo -offset capies of that document will be provided only to departments and agencies equipped to receive and control classified informa- tion There will be no pre emergency distribution to agencies not so equipped Distribution to these latter agencies will be made by the Emergency Federal Register Division as soon as practiCable following execution by the President in an emergency Agencies having no relocation site or no secure storage facilities at a relocation site will not receive photo offset c0pies for such locations or f Agencies are not authorized to reproduce in full or in part anw Presidential Emergency Document or supporting paper until execution thereof by the President in an emergency Security of these documents prior to execution is a paramount consideration Upon such execution the documents become unclassified For training and planning purposes however including the deve10pment of implementing plans by agencies a department or agency head having re Sponsibility pursuant to a Presidential Emergency Docu- ment is authorized to implement such document by issuance of a department or agency directiv or other appropriate instrument which may contain all or some of the language as contained in the Presidential Emergency Document providing that no reference is made in the agency instrument to the Presidential document and that the language in the agency instrument so issued be presented as the language of the agency itself g Photo-offset c0pies of Presidential Emergency Documents must be held under strict accountability Periodic reports will be required by the OCDM Use of Code Words and Code Word Lists for Plan D-Minus Documents a Each document will be assigned a code word For each agency an Emergency Code Word List will be prepared relating the as signed code words to the identificatio numbers of the documents or documents the agency holds One such Code Word List will be provided by CDM for each set of documents held No repro- duction of Code Word Lists in whole or in part is authorized - 3 b Where field elements of agencies have emergency Operational resPonsibilities or otherwise need to know of an emergency action taken by the President agencies in framing their sup- porting emergency plans should establish their own means of conveying immediate notification to these field elements Field elements should be instructed upon receipt of such notification to undertake necessary implementing action immediately and without further direction For purposes of pre -emergency security code words will not appear and must not be placed on the photo-offset coPies of the document or on the Distribution Cover Sheet therefor Identification of the Emergency Document signed by the Presi- dent must be made by relating the code word to the Opposite document number on the Code Word List and then by relating such document number to the document itself the document number appears on the Distribution Cover Sheet attached to the photo -offset copy of the document Code Word Lists will be distributed in sealed enveloPes to Agency heads with instruc - tions as indicated on Attachment that they should not be Opened except upon receipt of a message to the effect that the President has signed certain Emergency Documents signified by code words The sealed enve10pes containing the Code Word Lists will not be delivered to the Agency head simultan eously with the photo-offset copies of the documents to which the lists apply In accordance with standard procedures separate storage facilities must be provided for the photo-offset COpies of the documents and the Code Word Lists Periodically code words assigned to documents will be changed New Code Word Lists will be provided to agencies and the old lists must be returned to OCDM 10 Notification of Execution of Plan D-Minus Documents a In the event an emergency arises and the President executes an Emergency Document notification such execution to Action and Information Addressees will be by the most expeditious means available Code Words transmitted via the Government Communications Network Govnet Attachment will be used for notification if possible Code Words may also be transmitted by other me ans Emergency conditions however may dictate notification by transmission of the full text Code Words or full -9- text also may be transmitted by other means Action and Information Addressees should be prepared to take imple - menting action upon receipt of notification by any me ans of communications commercial broadcast telegraph etc If use is made of the code word as a means of notification a message pertaining thereto will be sent by the most expeditious means available to Action and Information Addressees similar for example to the following The President has thi 5 date signed the following Emergency Action Documents COMEX BANANA FINANCIAL GOLDEN FINANCIAL is changed as follows Quote first line second paragraph etc Upon receipt of such a message a Department or Agency should refer to its Code Word List If the Code Word and a photo offset c0py of the document to which it relates are held by the department or agency that department or agency should without further direction immediately take all necessary implementing action with resPect to the document concerned including appr0priate notification to field elements having implementing re Sponsibilitie Any agency receiving a message containing a code word or words not on its Code Word List should disregard such word or words Where the Action and or Information Addressee on a document are all departments and agencies of the Executive Branch and the Govnet is emplo yed as the primary means of notification the code word will be transmitted only to those agencies on the Govnet Notification to agencies not on the Govnet will be accomplished by the Emergency Federal Register Division or by other means as facilities permit 11 Annual Review of Approved Documents a Departments and agencies are re5ponsib1e for recommending to OCDM any necessary changes in Presidential Emer- gency Action Documents at any time after they are approved as Specified in paragraphs C 7 and 3 herein An agency responsible for the initial preparation and submission of a Presidential Emergency Action Document is also responsible i it is 1 compatible with the national Plan for Civil Defense and Defense Mobilization Z currently conforms to the particular Federal Emergency Plan the document implements and 3 realistically reflects the possible action that should be taken by the President to meet the situation described in the Plan in terms of weapons deve10pments and other technical data the availability of resources and cur rent assignments of emergency re Sponsibility and delegations - of authority 3 ii On or about the anniversary date of the approval of a Presi- dential Emergency Action Document the OCDM will address a letter to the re Sponsible agency requesting review of the document The agency will accomplish the review including appropriate clearances with any other interested chpartments or agencies and will within 20 days of the receipt of the request from OCDM reply by letter that 1 no changes are recommended or 2 changes are recommded as contained in a pr0posed draft which is to be forwarded with the agency reply d Upon receipt of agency recommendations OCDM will perform any approPriate staff review and arrange for a review of the document and any pertinent recommendations by the Mobiliza- tion Plans Group Following such review if there is no signi- ficant substantive change OCDM will by letter so inform the White House Office If any substantive change in the document is recommended OCDM will prepare a revised document bear- ing the original identification number but showing the month of the pr0posed revision and transmit it to the Bureau of the Budget for appropriate clearance and recommendation to the White House Offic Al 11 - COVER SHEET De sc ription of Document Title and sufficient additional descriptive matter to reveal the contents scoPe and effect of the document Conditions Precedent to Execution- I e 3 attack on the Continental United States engagement of U 8 military forces i by an aggressor declaration of national emergency prior execution of other document s or legislative action on which this document depends etc - - Action Addressees Departments and or agencies re5ponsible for action when document is executed Info nnation Addre 5 see 5 Departments and or agencies which need to know of execution of document in order to carry on related activities Actions Required of White House Subsequent to Execution e g submission of legislative preposals announcement to the pe 0ple conferences with representatives of other countries etc Atta hme Descriptive statement and any other data necessary to facilitate understanding and use of the document Classification of Document Prior to Execution EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED BELOW EXCEPT AS SPECIFIED BELOW OUTSIDE ENVELOPE THIS ENVELOPE CONTAINS AN EMERGENCY CODE WORD LIST FOR USE ONLY 1 IN A CIVIL DEFENSE EMERGENCY IN REFERRING TO PRESIDENTIAL ACTION DOCUMENTS DESCRIBED IN OCDM EMERGENCY PLANS List NO Issue Date Receiving Agency Name of Permanent Custodian INSTRUCTIONS I Each Presidential Ernergency Action Document for which your agency has re5pons- ibility is assigned a code word on the list contained herein In the event an emer- gency arises and the President executes an Emergency Action Document a messagi pertaining to the code word may be sent to Action and Information Addressees simi- lar for example to the following The President has this date signed the following Emergency Action 3% Documents COMEX BANANA FINANCIAL GOLDEN FINANCIALW is changed as follows Quote first line second paragraph etc Upon receipt of such a message Open this enve10pe and the inner enve10pe and refer to the Code Word List Opposite the code word is the document number The docu- ment number also appears on the Distribution Cover Sheet of the photo-offset c0py of the document note 6 below IF THE CODE WORD APPEARS ON YOUR LIST AND YOU HOLD THE SET COPY OF THE DOCUMENT TO WHICH IT RELATES YOU SHOULD WITHOUT i FURTHER DIRECTION IMMEDIATELY TAKE ALL NECESSARY IMPLEMENTING ACTION WITH RESPECT TO THE DOCUMENT THIS INCLUDES NOTIFICATION TO ALL INDIVIDUALS ORGANIZATION UNITS AND FIELD ELEMENTS HAVING I EMERGENCY OPERATIONAL RESPONSIBILITIES WITH RESPECT TO THE I MENT I Any agency receiving a message containing a code word or code words not on the Code Word List should disregard such word or words NO part of these instructions may be reproduced This enve10pe must not be stored in the same safe or other secure container as your photo-offset COpies of Presidential Emergency Action Documents Any questions regarding the storage or use of this enve10pe or its contents should be referred to the Director Office of Federal Plans Office of Civil and Defense Mobil- GOVERNMENT COMMUNICATIONS NETWORK Govnet Agriculture Department of Atomic Energy Commission Bureau of the Budget Central Intelligence Agency Civil Aeronautic 5 Board Civil Service Commission Commerce Department of Council of Economic Advisors Defense Department of Incl Coast Guard Emergency Censorship Agency Emergency Communications Agency Emergency Stabilization Agency Farm Credit Administration Federal Bureau of Investigation Federal Communications Commission Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Federal Mediation 3 Conciliation Service Federal Power Commission Federal Reserve System Board of Governor 5 General Services Administration Health Education and Welfare Department of Federal Home Loan Bank Board Housing and Home Finance Agency Interior Department of International ration Administration Interstate Commerce Commission Justice Department of Labor Department of National Security Council National Science Foundation Office of Civil and Defense Mobilization Post Office Department Selective Service System Small Business Administration State Department of Treasury Department of U 5 Information Agency Veterans Administration White House This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu