PTQ8870 RELEASED IN PART Bl 1 4 B 1 4 D CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 ACTION EAP-01 JAKART 02228 01 OF 05 PTQ8870 171202Z CEA-01 ACDA-08 ACDE-OO AID-OO ACQ-01 COME-OO CTME-OO DINT-OO DODE-OO DOEE-OO FBIE-OO FRB-OO EB-OO EXIM-01 E-OO INR-OO 10-00 ITC-01 L-01 ADS-OO PM-OO OIC-02 OMB-01 OPIC-01 PA-OO SSO-OO TRSE-OO CIO-OO SP-OO STR-OO G-OO PMB-OO DSCC-OO PRM-01 DRL-04 024W ------------------3475D9 172053Z 38 R 171108Z APR 98 FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1101 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA 235 ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIOS USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI USMISSION GENEVA AMEMBASSY TOKYO INFO LOG-OO SMEC-OO DS-OO TEDE-OO NSCE-OO P-OO USIE-OO SAS-OO CON F IDE N T I A L SECTION 01 OF 05 JAKARTA 002228 USCINCPAC FOR FPA AMB TEARE E O 12958 DECL 04 14 16 TAGS PHUM EAID EFIN PGOV PINR ID SUBJECT STAFFDELS VISIT WITH PRO-REFORM ACTIVISTS CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 02 E12 UNCLASSIFIED JAKART 02228 01 OF 05 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE REVIEW AUTHORITY DONALD A JOHNSTON DATE CASE ID 23 MAY 2006 200502501 171202Z UNCLASSIFIED CIAE-OO SRPP-OO H-01 NSAE-OO PRS-OO T-OO NFAT-OO 1 UNCLASSIFIED U CLASSIFIED BY POL COUNSELOR ED MCWILLIAMS REASO 1 5 D 2 C SUMMARY MEMBERS OF TWO STAFFDELS CALLED ON AN SENIOR FIGURES WITHIN THE OPPOSITION AND THE ESTABLISHMENT ON APRIL 13 COMMON THEMES THAT EMERGED INCLUDED A CONSENSUS THAT THE IMF PACKAGE GAVE SOEHARTO SHORT-TERM POLITICAL SUPPORT BUT COULD SPELL HIS UNDOING IN THE END WHETHER HE IMPLEMENTED IT OR NOT MANY URGED THAT ASSISTANCE BE RENDERED THROUGH NON-GOVERNMENT CHANNELS TO THE EXTENT POSSIBLE REFORM ADVOCATES ARE ORGANIZING A WATCH DOG COMMITTEE TO MONITOR IMF PLAN IMPLEMENTATION THEY ARGUED THAT POLITICAL REFORM MUST ACCOMPANY ECONOMIC REFORM LUNCHEON INTERLOCUTORS NOTED SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 1965 AND 1998 THERE WAS BROAD CONCERN ABOUT DISAPEARANCES WHICH MEGAWATI DESCRIBED AS ONE TIER IN A FOUR-TIER STRATEGY OF Ilil'TIMIDATION MANY INTERLOCUTORS BELIEVED MAJOR GENERAL PRABOWO TO BE BEHIND THE DISAPPEARANCES MOST SAW THE NEW CABINET AS DEEPLY FLAWED AND ASSESSED THAT HABIBIE A BIRD IN A GOLDEN CAGE II HAD LITTLE POWER IN THE GOVERNMENT PRESIDENTIAL DAUGHTER TUTUT WAS MUCH STRONGER AND MIGHT BE BEING GROOMED AS SOEHART0 1S ULTIMATE SUCCESSOR STUDENTS WERE GIVEN CREDIT FOR MAINTAINING A HIGH LEVEL OF ACTIVITY BUT SOME QUESTIONED THEIR LONG-TERM RESOLVE MEGAWATI URGED THE UNITED STATES TO AVOID ANY ATTEMPT TO DETERMINE INDONESIA I S NEXT LEADER END SUMMARY 3 SBU SENATE AP'PROPRIATIONS COMMITTEE STAFFER ROBIN CLEVELAND AND SENATE FOREIGN RELATIONS COMMITTEE STAFFER CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 03 JAKART 02228 01 OF 05 171202Z FRANK JANNUZI ON APRIL 13 MET WITH PROMINENT OPPOSITION FIGURES IN JAKARTA THE MEETINGS WITH THE MAIN POINTS SUMMARIZED BELOW INCLUDED -- LUNCH WITH FORMER TEMPO EDITOR GUNAWAN MOHAMMAD HUMAN RIGHTS LAWYER FRANS WINARDI ACTING PRESIDENT OF THE UNRECOGNIZED LABOR UNION TOHAP SIMANUNGKULIT AND ANUNG KARYADI DEPUTY DIRECTOR OF THE ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATION IIWALHI II UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CALL ON FORMER MINISTER OF ENVIRONMENT FRANS SEDA AND SINO-INDONESIAN OBSERVER JOSEPH HALIM -- CALL ON ABDURRAHMAN WAHID LEADER OF THE ISLAMIC ORGANIZATION NAHDLATUL ULAMA -- DINNER WITH MEGAWATI SUKARNOPUTRI GOVERNMNET-OUSTED LEADER OF THE INDONESIAN DEMOCRATIC PARTY AND PARTY TREASURER AND ECONOMIST LAKSAMANA SUKARDI PART I LUNCHEON DISCUSSIONS 4 C OBSERVED THAT THERE WERE SIGNIFICANT DIFFERENCES BETWEEN 1965 AND THE CURRENT PERIOD IN 1998 THERE ARE NO MASS ORGANIZATIONS NO IDEOLOGY AND NO APOCALYPTIC VISION OF THE FUTURE IN WHICH PEOPLE WERE CONFRONTED WITH BASIC SURVIVAL ISSUES AS IN 1965 IN INDONESIA TODAY NO ONE IS MAKING EXTRAVAGANT PROMISES THAT WILL TRANSFORM PEOPLErS LIVES I DED THAT AS IN 1965 THERE IS NO RULE OF LAW IN INDONESIA IN 1998 CONFIDENTIAL Bl Bl CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 JAKART 02228 01 OF 05 171202Z I 5 C SAID THAT WHILE THERE WERE NO LEMBRACI G IDEOLOGICAL BATTLES IN TODAY ' S INDONESIA THERE IS BROAD ANGER OVER THE PROPORTION OF PROPERTY AND WEALTH OWNED BY SINO-INDONESIANS 70 PERCENT AS COMPARED TO THE SMALL PERCENTAGE OF THE POPULATION THEY REPRESENT 3 PERCENT HE ALSO NOTED THAT WHEREAS THE 1965 INDONESIAN POPULATION WAS PARANOID ABOUT POLITICAL SECURITY THE 1998 INDONESIAN POPULATION WAS PARANOID ABOUT ECONOMIC SECURITY DED THAT LABOR PROBLEMS ARE 6 C GROWIlIl wITH MANx ALREADxITHOUT WORK AND THEIR NUMBERS LIKELY TO INCREASE SIGNIFICANTLY OVER THE NEXT 60 DAYS AS IN THE PAST FAMILY SOLIDARITY HAD DONE MUCH TO CUSHION THOSE HARDEST HIT BY THE ECONOMIC CRISIS HOWEVER AS WORKERS HAD LITTLE OR NO SAVINGS THAT CUSHION WAS VERY THIN AND FO MOST ALREADY EXHAUSTED 1 rr UNCLASSIFIED Bl Bl UNCLASSIFIED 7 C HUMAN RIGHTS PROBLEMS WERE DESCRIBED AS GROWING ON A VARIETY OF FRONTS NOTABLY TO INCLUDE DISAPPEARANCES ARRESTS OF PEOPLE DEMONSTRATING PEACEFULLY FOR POLITICAL REFORM AND A STRONG MILITARY RESPONSE TO STUDENTS WHO TRIED TO MOVE THEIR RALLIES OFF CAMPUS 8 C I________________________________ Bl CONFIDENTIAL NNNNPTQ8944 CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 ACTION EAP-01 INFO JAKART 02228 02 OF 05 PTQ8944 172106Z LOG-OO SMEC-OO SRPP-OO H-01 NSAE-OO PRS-OO T-OO NFAT-OO ACDA-08 ACDE-OO AID-OO ACQ-01 CEA-01 COME-OO CTME-OO PRME-OO DINT-OO DODE-OO EXIM-01 E-OO DS-OO EB-OO FBIE-OO TEDE-OO INR-OO IO-OO ITC-01 L-01 NSCE-OO OIC-02 OMB-01 OPIC-01 PA-OO P-OO CIO-OO SP-OO SSO-OO STR-OO USIE-OO PMB-OO DSCC-OO PRM-01 DRL-04 SAS-OO 024W ------------------3477AF 172106Z 69 R 171108Z APR 98 FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA TO SECSTATE WASHDG 1102 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI USMISSION GENEVA AMEMBASSY TOKYO UNCLASSIFIED CIAE-OO DOEE-OO FRB-OO ADS-OO PM-OO TRSE-OO G-OO UNCLASSIFIED C 0 N F IDE N T I A L SECTION 02 OF 05 JAKARTA 002228 USCINCPAC FOR FPA AMB TEARE E O 12958 DECL 04 14 16 TAGS PHUM EAID EFIN PGOV PINR ID SUBJECT STAFFDELS VISIT WITH PRO-REFORM ACTIVISTS BELIEVED STRATEGIC ARMED FORCES COMMANDER GENERAL CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 02 JAKART 02228 02 OF 05 172106Z PRABOWO WAS BEHIND THE RECENT INCREASE IN DISAPPEARANCES I AID THAT HE IS PART OF AN NGO EFFORT TO FORM AN ORGANIzA ION WHICH WILL MONITOR THE FATE OF POLITICAL PRISONERS AND THE DISAPPEARED PROVIDING FOOD AND LEGAL COUNSEL 9 C I ISAID THAT HARYANTO TASLAM DEPUTY SECRETARY GENERAL OF THE PDI-MEGAWATI FACTION HAD MET WITH HIM AND WITH STUDENT LEADERS THE DAY HARYANTO DISAPPEARED HE STATED THAT HARYANTOIS DISAPPEARANCE CAME ONLY 30 MINUTES AFTER THEY CONCLUDED THEIR MEETING AS REPORTED SEPTEL HARYANTO SURFACED APRIL 17 Bl Bl THE ROLE OF U S AND MULTILATERAL ASSISTANCE 10 C THE INDONESIAN GUESTS EXPRESSED THE VIEW THAT WHILE INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE WAS ESSENTIAL TO IMPROVE INDONESIA1S VERY DIFFICULT ECONOMIC SITUATION BOTH POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC REFORM WERE REQUIRED IN ORDER TO REFORM THE SYSTEM THERE WAS CONSENSUS THAT INTERNATIONAL ASSISTANCE AT THIS TIME WOULD INEVITABLY IMPROVE PRESIDENT SOEHART01S POLITICAL LONGEVITY THE INDONESIANS URGED STRONGLY THAT THOUGHT BE GIVEN TO HOW ASSISTANCE PARTICULARLY HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE WOULD BE CHANNELED 1 Bl UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED Bl CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 03 JAKART 02228 02 OF 05 172106Z 11 C I IHAD BEGUN MEETING WITH A NUMBER OF KEY NGO'S INCLUDING THOSE PRESENT AND THE MASS ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS MUHAMMADYAH AND NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND MEGAWATI' S PDI FACTION THEIR OBJECTIVE WAS TO DEVELOP A MECHANISM TO CHANNEL HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE THESE MEETINGS ARE TAKING PLACE AT SENIOR LEVELS AND ARE CONTINUING I I 12 C SAID THAT HE WAS WORKING WITH A NUMBER OF GROUPS TO SET UP A NETWORK WHICH WOULD MONITOR THE GOI 'S IMPLEMENTATION OF THE IMF AGREEMENT LIKENING THE ORGANIZATION TO THE INDEPENDENT ELECTION MONITORING COMMISSION KIPP I I I HE WEL -C -O ME D -- T HE -- P - O - S S I B I' L- I T Y-O F -- F O RE - - I - GN --- ASSISTANCE TO THE EFFORT Bl Bl Bl POLITICAL OBSERVATIONS Bl CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 14 C JAKART 02228 UNCLASSIFIED 02 OF 05 172106Z Bl I NOTE MANY GOVERNMENT CRITICS BELIEVE THAT THE GOVERNMENT FOR ITS OWN PURPOSES PERIODICALLY HAS SOUGHT TO STIR UP LIMITED UNREST IN THIS INSTANCE TO CAUSE THE IMF AND DONORS TO RELENT IN THEIR INSISTENCE THAT SOME SUBSIDIES SHOULD BE LIFTED IN APRIL AS CALLED FOR IN THE JANUARY 15 AGREEMENT THE FACT THAT SUCH A PERSPECTIVE WOULD HAVE ATTAINED SIGNIFICANT CURRENCY IS A MEASURE OF THE CYNICISM AMONG GOVERNMENT CRITICS END NOTE L -____________________- -____________________ I 15 C IFOCUSSED ON CURRENT S' T UD E N T r- A - C T - I - V' I - S M - 'H EO--- B - E - L '- I - E -VE D T HA - T STUDENT EXPECTATIONS WERE TOO HIGH AND WERE NOT FOCUSSED ON AN AGENDA OR AROUND A LEADER HE ALSO QUESTIONED STUDENT RESOLVE WHAT WOULD HAPPEN IF SCHOOL TUITION WERE LOWERED WOULD THIS END STUDENT POLITICAL ACTIVISM LABOR WILL NOT JOIN STUDENTS ON CAMPUS ONLY WHEN STUDENTS MOVE INTO THE STREETS COULD THEY JOIN THEM BUT THE MILITARY HAS WARNED STUDENTS NOT TO DO THIS THIS HE SAID SUGGESTED A SOEHARTO STRATEGY TO DIVIDE AND CONQUER BY KEEPING LABOR AND STUDENTS APART - - A STRATEGY WHICH IS WORKING CONFIDENTIAL NNNNPTQ6941 CONFIDENTIAL PTQ6941 UNCLASSIFIED Bl UNCLASSIFIED PAGE 91 ACTION EAP-01 JAKART INFO ACDA-08 COME-OO EB-OO INR-OO OIC-02 CIO-OO PMB-OO 024W LOG-OO SMEC-OO DS-OO TEDE-OO NSCE-OO P-OO USIE-OO SAS-OO 02228 03 OF 05 ACDE-OO CTME-OO EXIM-01 10-00 OMB-Ol SP-OO DSCC-OO 171109Z AID-OO DINT-OO E-OO ITC-01 OPIC-01 SSO-OO PRM-01 -------- ---------343282 ACQ-01 DODE-OO FBIE-OO L-01 PA-OO STR-OO DRL-04 CEA-01 DOEE-OO FRB-OO ADS-OO PM-OO TRSE-OO G-OO ClAE-OO SRPP-OO H-01 NSAE-OO PRS-OO T-OO NFAT-OO 171109Z 38 R 171108Z APR 98 FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1103 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI USMISSION GENEVA AMEMBASSY TOKYO CON F IDE N T I A L SECTION 03 OF 05 JAKARTA 002228 USCINCPAC FOR FPA AMB TEARE E O 12958 DECL 04 14 16 TAGS PHUM EAID EFIN PGOV PINR ID SUBJECT STAFFDELS VISIT WITH PRO-REFORM ACTIVISTS CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 02 JAKART 02228 03 OF 05 171109Z PART II CALL ON FRANS SEDA AND JOSEPH HAL 1M 16 C FRANS SEDA AND JOSEPH HALIM PROVIDED THE STAFFDEL REPS WITH THEIR PERSPECTIVE ON RECENT AND POLITICAL DEVELOPMENTS UNCLASSIFIED Bl Bl PART III INTERVIEW WITH ABDURRAHMAN WAHID 19 C WAHID AKA GUS DUR WHO IS RECUPERATING FROM A STROKE MET WITH THE STAFFDEL REPS FOR 40 MINUTES AT HIS HOME IN SOUTH JAKARTA THE RELIGIOUS LEADER MOVED WITH ASSISTANCE BUT OTHERWISE SEEMED TO BE RECOVERING WELL UNCLASSIFIED FROM HIS NEAR FATAL STROKE IN JANUARY UNCLASSIFIED 20 C GUS OUR APPEARED TO RELISH DISCUSSING CURRENT POLITICS UNCLASSIFIED Bl UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTIAL NNNNPTQ6942 CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 ACTION EAP-01 JAKART 02228 04 OF 05 PTQ6942 171109Z ACDA-08 ACDE-OO AID-OO ACQ-01 CEA-01 COME-OO CTME-OO DINT-OO DODE-OO DOEE-OO EB-OO EXIM-01 E-OO FBIE-OO FRB-OO TEDE-OO INR-OO IO-OO ITC-01 L-01 NSCE-OO OIC-02 OMB-01 OPIC-01 PA-OO P-OO CIO-OO SP-OO SSO-OO STR-OO USIE-OO PMB-OO DRL-04 DSCC-OO PRM-01 SAS-OO 025W ------------------343287 171110Z 38 R 171108Z APR 98 FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1104 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI USMISSION GENEVA AMEMBASSY TOKYO INFO LOG-OO SMEC-OO DS-OO IM-01 NSAE-OO PRS-OO T-OO NFAT-OO CON F IDE N T I A L SECTION 04 OF 05 JAKARTA 002228 USCINCPAC FOR FPA AMB TEARE E O 12958 DECL 04 14 16 TAGS PHUM EAID EFIN PGOV PINR ID UNCLASSIFIED ClAE-OO SRPP-OO H-01 ADS-OO PM-OO TRSE-OO G-OO SUBJECT UNCLASSIFIED STAFFDELS VISIT WITH PRO-REFORM ACTIVISTS Bl 26 C WITH REGARDS TO STUDENTS GUS DUR ARGUED THAT WERE STUDENTS TO REDUCE THE LEVEL OF THEIR VOICES THEY WOULD BE HEARD BETTER HE ADVOCATED THAT STUDENTS CEASE PRESENTING THEIR VIEWS THROUGH POLITICAL CHANNELS AND BEGIN TO USE CULTURAL CHANNELS STUDENTS WILL GATHER TO PRAY AND READ POEMS IN JOGJAKARTA AT A RALLY ON APRIL 18 IN WHAT HE FELT WAS A MORE APPROPRIATE WAY FOR THE STUDENTS TO COMMUNICATE THEIR VIEWS CONFIDENTIAL UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED CONFIDENTtAL PAGE 03 JAKART 02228 04 OF 05 171109Z 27 C GUS DUR EMPHASIZED THAT HE SUPPORTED THE STUDENTS BUT NOT THOSE WHO SEEK TO INTIMIDATE HE WARNED THAT THERE WERE GROUPS WHICH WERE FINANCING STUDENT ACTIVITIES AND WHO WERE PLAYING WITH THE STUDENTS PART IV INTERVIEW WITH MEGAWATI SUI ARNOPUTRI AND LAKSAMANA SUKARDI 29 C MEGAWATI AND LAKSAMANA MET STAFFDEL REPS AT DINNER ON APRIL 13 SPEAKING ANIMATEDLY IN ENGLISH MEGAWATI CAUTIONED THE STAFFDEL REPS ABOUT THE NEED FOR THE UNITED STATES TO AVOID A SITUATION WHERE IT WOULD IN HER WORDS AGAIN SEEK TO INFLUENCE THE CHOICE OF A NATIONAL LEADER FOR INDONESIA ALLUDING TO THE DOWNFALL OF HER FATHER SHE NOTED THAT SUCH A STEP WOULD DAMAGE CONFIDENTIAL CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 04 JAKART 02228 04 OF 05 171109Z RELATIONS BETWEEN INDONESIA AND THE UNITED STATES FOR A LONG TIME 30 C MEGAWATI WELCOMED EXTERNAL ASSISTANCE INCLUDING THE IMF PACKAGE AND HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE FOR UNCLASSIFIED Bl UNCLASSIFIED INDONESIA THOUGH CLAIMING THAT THE ASSISTANCE AMOUNTED TO PO ITICAL SUPPORT FOR SOEHARTO SHE URGED THAT THE ASSISTANCE BE MONITORED CAREFULLY TO ENSURE IT WAS NOT DIVERTED TO PERSONAL USE AND TO PREVENT ITS USE FOR POLITICAL ENDS SHE THOUGHT THAT HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE MIGHT BEST BE CHANNELED THROUGH LOCAL NONGOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS IN THIS CONTEXT LAKSAMANA NOTED THAT MEGAWATI'S PDI THE ISLAMIC ORGANIZATIONS NAHDLATUL ULAMA AND MUHAMMADYAH AS WELL AS A NUMBER OF NGOS HAD BEGUN HOLDING MEETINGS TO DISCUSS SETTING UP NON-GOVERNMENT CHANNELS FOR DISTRIBUTION OF HUMANITARIAN ASSISTANCE FROM ABROAD AND TO PROCEED WITH ARRANGEMENTS FOR A POST-SUHARTO ERA Bl CONFIDENTIAL NNNNPTQ6943 PT04717 CONFIDENTIAL PAGE 01 ACTION EAP-01 J T INFO ACDA-08 COME-OO EB-OO INR-OO LOG-OO SMEC-OO DS-OO TEDE-OO 02228 05 OF 05 ACDE-OO CTME-OO EXIM-Ol IO-OO 171109Z AID-OO DINT-OO E-OO ITC-01 ACQ-01 DODE-OO FBIE-OO L-01 CEA-01 DOEE-OO FRB-OO ADS-OO UNCLASSIFIED ClAE-OO SRPP-OO H-Ol NSAE-OO NSCE-OO P-OO USIE-OO SAS-OO UNCLASSIFIED OIC-02 OPIC-01 PA-OO PM-OO OMB-01 SSO-OO STR-OO TRSE-OO CIO-OO SP-OO DRL-04 G-OO PMB-OO DSCC-OO PRM-01 024W ------------------343288 171110Z 38 R 171108Z APR 98 FM AMEMBASSY JAKARTA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 1105 INFO AMEMBASSY CANBERRA ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS USCINCPAC HONOLULU HI USMISSION GENEVA AMEMBASSY TOKYO PRS-OO T-OO NFAT-OO CON F IDE N T I A L SECTION 05 OF 05 JAKARTA 002228 USCINCPAC FOR FPA AMB TEARE E O 12958 DECL 04 14 16 TAGS PHUM EAID EFIN PGOV PINR ID SUBJECT STAFFDELS VISIT WITH PRO-REFORM ACTIVISTS Bl UNCLASSIFIED UNCLASSIFIED 34 U STAFFDEL MEMBERS CLEVELAND AND JANNUZI CLEARED THIS MESSAGE BEFORE TRANSMISSION ROY CONFIDENTIAL NNNN '- UNCLASSIFIED This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu