DECLASSIFIED I a h n Ru it to95 in 3 qu 1 5- n9- - nwf f ' Dear Senate Stamina Thar anelaud paper responds to your liner 5 October 1961 61 the nubjwt at mar warning and da that name a 5 ntoctlon uyntema I am sulfa you will realism 5IT-IHI brag if - wmi a 6 the lniormutioa containaci in tho enelbaun is quit the I trust that this infarma n will but in tha dauboraticnu a year Prwwadnan Subcommittaa and that you will not hesitate to request my midltlunal Worn-satin car data whlah yam cal we will be ahla t9 pravlda Si dar 91 Rob 3 Mc xmnra Honorable John Stennla Chairman Proparadnesa Imastlga ng Subcommittee Committee an Armed Services United States Senate Enclonum if Ital-3 I l g lg ihi A 10 9 23 1 Efii iir 8901331 Cont No 5 ml Raimoouceu AT THE DECLASSIFIED 32% 1 1 By 222 NW 03mm FIRST REQUIREMENT U description of all quitting and wayward inaction aud warning systems including than waapam again which any are affaativm thn amaunt a warning mpg-mud both in distance and in tiara which they are expected to word and when details at than mm anal cap- abilities RESPONSE l Mahmud bomber autumn and waning Knitting nyuamu I I The 91mm Early Warning DEW Linc was designed to warning of potential Mame air breathing vehiclea in multiples rather than alngla pemzra on Thu DEW Lino is campou of bres augments DEW East DEW Main and DEW We new East unsteady approximately 1200 mil mama rum Cup Dyer Baffin Inland Canada new Gut-unlined to a communicatium acuity at Ka avik Iceland This amen hm bum in operatic sin 1 Austin 1961 The liability of thin augment in approximntaty Baum of technical anmhoduled onus airborne aarly warning AEW aircraft a bring ample- ca ta ll any gaps that might accur DEW Main amt from Capt Lisburna in Northwestern Mask-a some 3 we mile ta Capo Dyer Baffin Inland M It grpa T 3 10 2 s- Rebnooucen AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES fit-1- Mm NARA Date 54% SEciT a v amidst a six main statians 2% auxiliary stations wt 28 intermediate DECLASSIFIED - - mm The intermediate station we as transmitter for ch shard nintm ayttemt DEW Main has mauled it daaiga capabilities DEW was mad wantward far 600 miles tram King Sam Alaska ta Nikolnki mu tha mtd la of than Almtan Chain 3 cumin a aw auxiliary attens and one main stamina Than an an imrmdiate autumn in this portion at than lint The capability of this quaint is tha ma as ior ll DEW Main ac a n The emanating link hetwam the HEW Want portinn and paw Main are radar a an Alaskan Aircraft Gama and Warning 3pm ACEW Data gathamd by radar is formrda to data cantata when it is displayed and pracuned A data center partorma the main of ea aeting displaying inning am tdantiiving all air-harm abjacta within its water Than data atom than transmit the filtered data to uaer lax-gunman met as NORAD 3N3 the Alanna i Air Command and the Royal Canadian Air Farce Air Defunct an-1mm Warning times in taxman of time and distance will vary dapandant an the place of penatratlnn and tsunami targat humming plantation of the DEW East partisan and target at aw AFB Maine the distinct anmming an aunt line of ight it appraximatcly 1220 matted mil-u NM whteh wan-11d result in approximately 2 Emma of warntn Hamster the tax-3M is cffutt AFB Nebraska aha distinct in this I '1 m ht 5 q REISRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES 1 NARA 3195-4 153 SECRH can in approximately 228 NM with warning time 3 heme and 50 minutes Assuming penetration of DEW Mel and the target dwelt M3 the distance wank be approximately 1600 NM with a warning time of about 2 heart and 40 minutes Caeaidering meaning filtering and transmittal time required etfect the We figure must be welded down and will be less in em can 2 The Mid-Canada Line is mentioned here because it it now outdated ta backup or provide con rmetlon of DEW Line penetrations It I Canadian landed and separated 3 The Seawerd Eztenniaue of the DEW Line extend our cdverage in the Pacific to Midway Island and in the Mum to the United In the Anemia one Constellatien type airheme early warning aircraft ie eenzhaetly an station between Greenland and Inland One cleats-aye est-tart radar DER le contend an attention between Iceland and Unitecl Elng am One Wu ll ale on elation at random 59% 9 the time between Iceland and United Wm Plane previde fer full time manning a thie elation during potluck of international lemme These statlona tie in with nhere based redeem on reenlwd Iceland and the United Kingdom In the Puma as average a 4 5 wv-Z'e are an station at all time They y a race track pattern I 500 miles long and 100 miles wide Tum DEE and rescue amines ere manned It all um Although not actually pert- the item they participate fully 3- FIT ngg alga w m-za z aama - v- mm wm qump cow m - DIE-CLASSIFIED Authority 33 3% NARA Date 92 4 26 21 EC ET The amount of warning pmvidcd by the Atlantic axtenaion - - 19 15 an l' axpreaae in time la approximately 3 hours 36 minutaa maximum and hams minimum far the Pacmv axttamlan this time in appramimatefy 5 hours maximum and 2 hum-s 59 minutes minimum The amuumt 9f warning expreasa in diatance 1'23 approximately 2 we NM maximum and 1290 MM minimum tha Atlantic extenaian far the Paci c amenities this distance 13 appxuximately 3 300 NM maximum and 179 NM minimum Maximum and minimum Hanna and diatancas ware gurm approximataly tram the farthest antlmearuat mints on the raspuctivo mansions to the claseat Continental US area and aanaming a target spaed a 606 knots The Gantiguoua Radar Covaraga System pro ting bath early warning ami a weapons Lt-antral capability Thin ayatcm canaiata of a act-1m of radars gamma the antira width of Sauthera Banach known as tha Finatre Lima and tha Seaward Tim Saaward 'Extenaiona consist a series mam amps mammal in both the Atlantis and the Pacific 29 provide a warning at appraxlmataly 4130-509 miles in diatanca and 4 55 minutes in time Air-harms eariy warning aimraft are aperated it canjunction with the Saawurd Extcnaions There are two Taxman Tawer radar heated at the Northaagtarn insist at the United Stama vperating as part at tha Atlantic l xtannmm b Prat-macs systems I There 13 mm ayatam prapose or mquirad to replace the mammal bammr aarly warning syntema Alz- dei e nsa Btu- ea ova a - 1 115 ae rzooucen AT THE DECLASSIFIED ONAL ARCHIVES MHI ihh ' NARA Datum 1w 9 1 a the past Bavaria have indicatad that only raduct improvamanta 9f the presant warning are raquirod 2 Continued evaluatlana tn datarmine the nameaslty and extent at improvament at the DE Lina are in 2 M13511 and space detection and warning 5 Existing syutema I Balliatic Mlsa e Early Warning Exyatam Bh htxy S conslats at a combinatian m high pawns long range auweillancc and tracking radars dtsignad to detatt a mass ballistic misaiie attack launchmi an northern apprcachm t2 the U S and Canada ram tha USER BM W5 at present will provide from 25 to 2 5 minutes warning timu antiwar the type 0 attack canditiona annaideere mast probabla the 1963 time period Varying ags-eras a warning time belaw thaw figures are poasible am 03311 guidanca and thrust capability increasea 3 pace Demctlan and Tracking Eyatem with its central cemar located at NORAD is a 3373mm utilizing exi lng semanw mystical anti m ar that are currantly in operatian in of other programs canaiata of the Emma Tracking System SPA and the Sigma Surveillanca Syatem SPAEUR SPACE TRACK in a wmbim an of strategically located radar anal optical sensors SPASUR in an alectrunic fence zz-etching from the East to that Coasts It is capable af atecting earth antenna vahiclca panning over the Unitaa States and accurately pradictmg their carbita in real time - saw- taking-c yaw I AT THE NATIONAL ANCEHIVES i 5L If rm WM Authority 752 3 q NARA Date 54 1224 b Progeny systems Miaslla Datectim Alarm Svatmm MIDAS is an infrared detection a'yatem with tha aeteczion media mutated hi eight antenitea an Polar orthogonal orbits 2 980 miles ram the aarth'a surface The inf rmatian detained by tha satellitas is ml'aye to graun rea out ataticma and than to the tracking and contra name - where it 12 gum suppllad to the appropriate names The initial MIDAS Systamis being designed to dame miaailea with a thrust capability canaparabla to ICBM Follawaan imprwemants may prmrida a dalmatian capability against intermedhta range ballistic miaa aw IRBM m and submarine launched balliatie missilea ELEM The MHJAS System is mm planmd 9 he implamente in July 1954 and woul prcwida warning a northern appmach mlgaila attavck iron 3 to 5 mmuta$ garner than 15M of tha typa a raid considare maat prababla 1964 It will work in canjunctian with BMEWS thareby increaaing neat may the perwd a warning but also the reliability and certainty 0f warning Beyond the 1965 time patient the MIDAS System should pravid warning time varying with the rev-entry angle trajectory of the mma e mm minimum time mi 12 minntea up to more than ma hour for miasllaa firm war the authern An ed is axpacted to grow inta a world- wide survuulanw ayatam with ma time dameticn 9f all spam 0135913123 prunen ng a threat in thy v 3 Th warning time available rum the SPADATS System cannut be de ned in simple terms5 211 fa J a El amm nephoouceo AT THE NATIONAL mamas ll Authority 3 a Bylaw NARA 03mm 53mm U 5-311 The gamgraphical cmamga a urdnd by math 35 the myatuma and coma-malty the areaa m' dis-muons in which we are withuut magnate detactian cmaraga In athm wordn we 533m ta davelap accurate in 0rmatian mgmding the caveragta which we hava at possible attacks at enemy planes or miasilaa and any $3 3m which new axiat and which will continue - to main Obviously this iafurmation 3129316 be presented separately with rampant to manned Wuhan and unmanned atratagic missllas It would alga mama a diacusniun of prawn eapability of W5 campared with the capability which will nudist when the ataticm in Englami is mmpiutarl RESPONSE 1 Tin geagraphical caverage im- rlutectinn ami warning against mannad hamburg is llama belaw a The DEW Line - conaiats at a band 9f mtating rad-aw whose caveraga in apth variaa ram appraxlmatmly 328 milae for ting DE Main and Warm segments and 430 miles for HEW East at high altitudes dawn ta apymximately 60 miles at 200 feet This band extends across the rim of the rim- u American Continent team the Emmi-n part of Green- land to Nil-$16M on the Alautian Chain is The Eaaward Extenaian of DEW Line extands in the Jitlantic mm Greanlmui to Iceland to Unitea Kingdam In the Paeuic it axtanda DECLASSIFIED Aulhmityw Brim NARA Date 54 145 - Fr - Fa 4 3435 REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONM ARCHIVES ii from Umnak Alaska to Midway laland The coverage provided by this system averages appraximamly 3cm milcs in epth 311mg the xtension c The MidwCanada Line extends completely acroaa Canada gameraliy along the 55 degme paralimi but only prwmaa a coverage at narrow width The Cnntigumun Raciar Sewerage extenda araund th periphery cf the United Skates It axtemia narthward through the Pinetme Line into Canada Coverage iram sea - 90 396 feat exists over flyahla terrain The Seawara Extenaians extend thia caviar-age 400 500 milan aeaward from Math a 3m Francine ta Vancouver Inland in the was anal from Russian to Cape Hatteras in the east Cine piaket ahip and one Station are iccated vii the mast a Flaritin 3 The geographical cwwaga far warning and Setactian against misaile and gay-ace a yatema i3 listad helaw a Fragrant capability Sim II at Cigar Alaaka attainad all operational capability a system in the autamatic made on Septembar Site I at-Thule Greenland has been in aperation more than a year Site 111 in England is under eanstruction The coveraga af Site I and II will pravi a warning against a mans mis stile raid launchad imam aatimated Sawietulaunch This capability is based upon mu antimata of Soviet threat which includes owl-Minna 6568 RM minn ea with wiry anglers if from through 23 AT THE NATIONAL ARCHNES DECLASSIFIED 5v Authwity By lz NARA 0219754122 w use-225 3 with the launch sitas laeatad in the Central 0353 In January 1962 additional caveraga will be pravided in the deficient Slim 11 area by the installaticm of a tracking radar at Thula This will Minn pmtaction 0f the 21 5 im- mius as launchad abs 23 and protection a all Western 2 3 of the 11 55 In minutes launched fram 15 to 23 2 SFADATS This system detacm tracks and maintains- 23 and updates a catalng of arbital eiamenta a mtel tea in 31-bit The aensara pra viding inputs t0 3133x1311 T3 haw-a an averall capanbility oi tracking satellites at rangem cf 99 to 2560 mil altitude ahave 32 degrea latitude b Futurm capability In April ut 1963 111 at England will became oparational thus pmviding eovarage 91' all miagilw launched on Nurtharn appraaches ram the 135831 to the U S with ra-antry angles between 15 aged 6G9 It wnuld be gonaible to pemtrate system belaw 15 a above 30 our fix-mu the south At preaent we are looking ta MIDAE to prwide warning at auch attacks howwer would MIDAS prove ineffecttva additiana tn the BMEWS ayztem will be re aired Improved could pagan-as a world-wide aurveillanca capability by 19 67MB by the additian naw aensare radar am optical an that integration of exiating autumn-s Thia program will prbvide a real time etentlon capability against all apace objects thraatenlng the M v REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHWES DECLASSIFIED gi- AulhOrity By 4% NARA Date 5 4 2224 bimxu iimlh continental Both MIDAS and the improvamentn tn SPADATS are in the devalopment atage Our Reaction capability against space objact during the 1963- 68 tima period will depend upan their degree 91 success and programiappraval to achieve a tactical aparatlonal capability In the event th MIDAS davelopment 13 unsuccaasful alternate action will in aquiz ad in the BMEWS program ti provide far gap fillers and additianal sites to provide - a intention capability 3 39 th tha Mather-n approach missile Thu mubject of gaps must be viawe in the light not prababla mam-y diractione of attack 5 31 31 abvioualy ram tha foragaing diacusaian 0f gecgraphica covarage have net cavared attacks from the south with an early warning capability if the ayatema disgussed howaver wan do have mild caveat-age for the are-5 13 apeci ezi Thta DE Lima coverage is withuut gapa against the axpacted threat Elvan at law altitudes there is sufficient overlap envarage with due canaidamtian ta pmbable Seviat tactics a detect an attack Although it is poaaibla to devalop a gap by a numbmr of adjacant stations becoming inoperativa such a aituatian is not prabablc In a ditian and ahauld such a situatimn develop the hiiduCanada Line wmzl gives warning prior to the attack matching the continental contiguous radar covarage A gap in our present posture is the lack of a capability tn d etect submarina launched ballistic mining This gap could tontinue tn exist until abaut 196 5 when fallow-on MIDAS improvamenta car othur systems a fat 1 may pravida caveraga - -- w- aw- umd r wl REPR ODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES t bj J DECLASSIHED 1' miw NARA 93mm mm ignumszmam The fallibmty at intallibility a the detection syatnms inclucling their suacap bmty to being uponkad by natural phenamana or jammaa t by electmnic 3 1 BEIW LINES The DEW Line was designed to ame a raid not a single aircraft In January 19b1 an anal-gala at all twig was made The nalyaia painted ant mt a ram at ten or man Mach 3 aircraft 9f a 3m typa at 85 000 feet wauld pra um a raid alarm from the DEW Line An attack can - mining mm half 13 13 many aircraft at 4 3th that am apeed cf abwt Mm h 1 t3 wank also prnduaa m alarm Tim analysis alas mun-Indeed that that DEW Line capability at altitudw up t0 20 009 fact its likely t0 ha little diffarant than at 41 use feat It 19 quite ea that the EEW 1 155 in actual the stigma dealgn criteria mace all ra ars in tha 1326 ayatem axcagt the fan - in DEW EAEST aperata a cve 1000 megacyelm mum-a1 cu solar naiae 15 net cannidared a prablem However a fix to caunter thaw natural phanamena far i un m canaidaratl n Thaw are n6 anti-jam 5 er an the DEW magi-a and name cantampmm Jamming swam in 11 56 21 provide early warning and be mama an we in the Malawi-9x1 -11 hu 1 i 5 urn um Alw-n-nm-r -- nn HUGH AT THE NATIONAL mm 9 rm NARA Baez SECRET While it is net impassable fur tha enemy to and run tha BEW Line at this am axis-swims any attempt to do so mum signiu ficant panama an than enemy Lina Extensmn The Seaward Extemien at tha DEW Lina can his alertmi by speaking ' aircraft It in true that the afghan can 35m degrade by elactramc cmntermmaurea but this in its-elf providea waning 213 would the sinking mi 31 rmiar ship Tim Atlantic Extanmion ban a raid recagnition probability 9 99% and the Pacific Emmaian a prabahility of 95% 3 Gantiguauw Radai nance the Mid-uCanada Line and tha Pinatraa Lina martian of the cantigaoua radar caveragc baa up the DEW Lima their r lative in allibility ahauld 1191 be conaidarad alone was obviouuly when added ta the cmeraga 91' any Nurthern approachea pwvidez l by the DE Line 1 the 3-9131 ng infallib ity- vi the systesm incrcaaea markadly The shipn borne radar at the cn-ntiguaus sewerage can be under flaw however tha prabab ity of being uudmtacied 13 law for airborne early warning aircraft 1 spa-rated in canjunction with this syamm provides low altitude cover Thu 5 Speaking in dafinad as a used by farms to make a panatratlan of an anemy warning scream and than raturn withnut making an attack The put-1305a of speaking is ta agraae the warning ayatem -13- ism a REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES 4 335 mini 6 5 BYML NARA 9329734 35 Saaward Exteaminns can be apaakwd but an enemy aircraft within ranga a tha Seaward Extenaizma mum obviaunly hava an attack mlssian This contiguoua system can be d grade by elactranic here again hawmmr the jamming wauld in itaal prcwi de warning 4 For WSIMIIJASISPADATS we 311 9qu nuts that any warning aystam wing radiating gems-m can be awaited or Jamme The gmaml can he maria hawavar that span ng a jamming at that symtam ta the magma accesnary to provide the 01' aurpriaa by $319 mam is extramuly MINER Va nua matha s 02' jamming can be amplayad innart false raporta hate the ayatem quite away Thane 31m rag-mag hbwaver will nevwr get inter tha alarm lava ganaratinn cycle unhma very aophiaticated tachniquw arts and which Wald cream alga vectara and activam the alarma this wan accomplished in a regular ache ulm that canfidanca in the warning diam would be degrmled suvamly During the prasant time parlaii we canaider it imprabable that th Snviuta 29 115 91' would ammpiuy than tachniqwes against BMEWS t9 the extant raqnired to hide a $19 33 attack We canaideer than a aerioua powibility far future use in 196 4415 time puma and at prawn are undertaking 4 Sp affng fahde md as any tachniqua designed ta pmvida misleading iniarmatiun to an almtronic systemwoman- 50 REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES a DECLASSIHED 9 i Auth ty BYMZIL NARA Date 2 L225 541 q xn'n 'v '1 wig-13 dhiul improvamem programs and ECCM ame corregt than in tin BMEWS pragrama Tittle tale a BMEWS MIDAS and SPADATS in provieiing warniug a a minus attack- furthar increases the pmblema tear the Soviets templately negate an warning avatar by jamming Th txiatanca of Jamming than aystamn is in itself an Indicatien of pasaibla aggressive imam particularly if applied to all systems simultanamualy the canditian which wauld be weighed to mask a mass raid - EGURTH U The praapaate 9f the aurv-ival af the synema lacta ing matte relating to 619391525101 and ra xzndancy El 1 DEW Lina Midw anada Line The DEW System and that Midw anada Linn are mat immersed 1151 are there prwiaiam far protac ng aperating pummel againat fallout Normal again-1h menial-ea to afforti p-rotention againat nabotaga or athar acttan a this type are in nes In the can if the DEW System than la uverlap radar cavar at altitudes of 30 0093 am abava 50 that in the nvent mm radar is randmred imperative at aluy than will be truly a small gap The mun-Canada Line ia a deubla fence ai dappler radars each 11mm capablg af graviding warning Thu dual fenca ayatcm ul_4f 41 All 4 - nep'nonuceo AT THE NATIONAL DECLASUIHED 36% Amhafity NARA 92mm 33 13 3 W w'dalua a provider redundancy themby anhanaing the daactmn capability At mach DE Main and auxiliary atation emu-gene radio facilities are wwidcd and at all stations distaste - radian aquipment i3 lemma Early warning says-tunnel are conaideresd dispersed tn the degree pasaibla commanaurata with thgir capability to pet-farm the Early warning mimi n Even thaugh the anamy haw tha capability t0 bamb early warning linaa it 1a mneidmra that he mum mt chub to reveal hla intentionn since it would he on$trumd am a poaaibla attack and much a the element a surpriae would be lent 311de the a emv initiates a surprise attack against the U S with nutzlear miaailes can-stituting the first atrika $111 BMEWs type warning wank has provided Under canditians postulated above analyai-a indieataa that au iciam early warning and cammunicnatiana ramming t9 prnvide a sauna warning system against fallaw-nan mam-lea bamber attacks The IDEW Line am axtenaions AEW gap iillara and picket vessels of tha cantlguana came wank survive This capability should pmvida a scrum warning ayatdm against mahnad bombera for paasiva defame mammal-ea em wall 13 aim-t im- Con nental 13 8 defense systams DEW Line Extanaion prospectg af survival at 811$ Seaward Extenaiama of the DE Linn are extremely high Thu aircraft and ships are out of range of -15 AT THE NANONAL ARCHIVES DECLASSIFIED Authority 361 5 83% NARA Date 54x12 Jim 5 So a fighters The radm' 3111393 in the ayatem ma wlnarnblu enemy aubmarinas Hawavef backup aircraft are available far the system and cauld readily raplatm a destrayad radar whip tm l the stan by ship arrives 3 Cmtiguaus Radar Tim Pinatrae Line pox- an a the wntiguws radar eovarage is nut hardene fhe syatam however is cansi ared 3123992336 ta Hm degree o rnmanmmta with its capability 1'9 parinrm its minim Tim gmateat thraat by tar ta the survivability 01' the 3m- ward Extensians a the aanmgmua radar cavaraga in anamy submarinaa Ema again airborne early warniag aircraft and backup radar ships are readily available an replaceam -nts in any 531 9 4 Bhimi a i The caa gouratian 92 WS is such that aurvivability at the ayatem cannat be guarantwci Hal-timing of the BMEW Syatam including cammunimtion a impractical This system is vulaa'rahle ta but dime anti culvert acts wide could prevent its detecting a mis a attack A situation 9f this natura howevar wnum indicater pushibie aggressive actlam and thus previd-e a agrm af warning which cambined with other intelligence Marmatton coulzi aim-t gut retaliatory farms 5 The propoand initial Ml s madam Manama will an in the saw ammability categary as however possible in 553 i 12 IL nepnoouceo me NMIONAL ARCHIVES j DECLASSIFIED 59% r PM Authority WNV75-2 30 Byi L NARA Date 54 42that system to prwida multipla madam stations and aatallita a sntellita relay the warning data malt incraasa the auwivab ity Further when implemented MIDAS will animate and aamplem nt warning and make the ammy's problam amemaly difficult if he dasiraa ta magma the mmbi ty at hath ayatema ta manic a mans raid The mat of tha atti m mquired ta accampnah this maid mast certainly indi ata aggresslva imam 6 The prewar systam 1a vulnerabla Einca it is presently nan-taetical m harduning prwinisma an incorporated am Ragumammrg 21 The channmla through which this warning mum have to be farmardeci bwfom the ardar ta launch our weapona camel be given anti any-vacated in tha finale am infarmatiim ma tea whather aw asmumed 15 minate warning time wank baa au icient far the warning in be trima- mlttexd tha command ta baa given and cammunicatad and mat weapons actually launched befare enmmy miaailas m- bomhs impact in our unitary Again this afar-maths ahaum ha givan aeparataly far bath enemy hamburg and miaailaa and our own hambem and ll MW wmwh mh_v mam-u ne nonucm AT THE NATIONAL ARCHWES 3% DECLASSIHED Mali Authority 752 20 5 Brim NARA 03 64 222g ff care #481 4 r TE I ivgaii-x RESPONSW 1 Warning Shannan a Max-med Bumbag The depth a the IJEW Lina its seaward Musician ennfiguous radars and mutant check on aperatimal atatus giva a high prcbability th t an mummy maximal bamlnr form must attack has with lama than 2 1-9 4 imam warning This length 9f time will permit the Ewan-attain at addiuanal tel-art the ardarly launch of our strategic waapam ayatama and punitive comm with the exceptian 0E rue-41331103 and rather dwigne ta blunt 11 attack and increase its ai wt lufwmatiun an unknawn aircraft at targats atmstad by him BMEWS DEW Lina its mawa'rd ameneinna and mn gama radar is ted by teietypa in a camputar at NQMDICONAD which in turn transmits the infarmatian aimultanammlv mar telaty-pa data links to tha Autamntic syatem iaglavw at MEME 3A the Joint War Baum and the Hand- quaxtara USAF Gammand Post thereby pmviding a aimulmwus viaml display 01' than air ri fanau picture As the air dafenam picture devempa ta imiicata an thmat NORAD will male approprlaw warning declaratiana to the Jam Chiafa a Staff and all other interested agencies aver existing circuits and that aphasia purpoaa teletype alert 2151 b Einsila Attack 15 mlnutua a warning time 31 1221159115 attack ta sag will SINCSAC ta launch g-mund Hf rm a 212 Jaw Jim Mlm ne noouceo AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES DECLASSIEIED Ammrity 3 By 21% NARA Date 5422 alert farce matter poaitiva mutt-$1 BMEWS warniug 5 5 mad mt directly at SAC anti i3 nut dependant upon from the Jain Chiefs a 31% anainr NORAD 2 Aaaumed 15-3 Mimzta Warning Time Tm time quit-ed far daniaian is the yawning mum in a 3 3 to whather the assume-d 15 minute warning time would be suifielant for the warning ta be transmitted the cammami to 2m given and communicamd and war magazine actuany hunch baf e Mitsmy missiles 9r ban-aha impact in an tarritary Th6 raceipt by cf unequivacal warning that an attaek is taking placa on the 3 11 66 States will trigger a cinema-Minn of an Air Brianne Emarganczy This declarati n in turn will mum that canvening an emarganc y talaphme canference amang the Preaidcnt the Seammw af Hafenaa tha hint Chi-eta of Staff and the cemmandars mi unifimd and apacifiad Pracaduma have 13mm astabliahed which ens-lime thaw Freaidant ta authori'ae aha launch 9f aur strategic omega and the implaimantatian vi war plazas by voice mt iaatmn The Jain War 3 st upon direction af tha madam that Smretamy of Detained ar the Jaint Chiefs a staff 13 prapara ta auth n catm auch instructions by the disgatch a wen-cut mamagea both by amice and tuletypa The vaice chmeln terminating in the Joint War Racism am wire circuits with the exceptinn ni the radia link ta and are triplicate Tim taletypa massages are transmittml -19- REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARCHNES gr DECL ASSIFI ED 3 ery amM-M w- w y qlg t if Aum My 3 NARA 0 219$131121 5 Ear 42m ha facilitiaa of the Servlca cammunieaums centers which are linked ta tha Jain War 11 30 12 by maumatic tubes Continual texts spud extra 9 pmvduraa far tha canvaning a the eanferama and the tranamiaumn at alerting and ermrgency mas sages are bald assuming 1m aeision 64313 73 voice and taletypa cummunicatmne mat and pmce ums 11an been astablishad to relay the exacu an tax-tier ta atmtegic weapons systems in lama than 3 minutes The time remaining a thus assumed 15 minute warning time is auffitiant ta permit launch at all 3 0 alert aircraft and ATMS ICBM 3 anti and thirt 9f the ATLAS This warning time is 316 in ict ta relay the axacutim aignal to Palaria submarinaa 5ng REQUIREMENT U gerparamlv 325 our atratagic miaailaa and langumnga aircraft what image bmfam launch result under canditinna mi geranwarning S-nainum warning 10 mix-mtg warning am 15 minute warning '9 1 Then can be we question that this aunutry must have in being a d manatramd detection capability that will pan-With the maximum amount of warning ta that Strategic Fumes in tha want at an man-1y attack Ag you are awam than present postwar-ta maintained by an strategic Weapons a I j 11-3 I'l'r A - I'rbfum REPRODUCED DECLASSIFIED 5 Wm WM mcwes -- AT we NA 6 gsag AUIHOIW 75-2 3 L5 1 By WM NARA 02mm if if 'J aq_ ayat'ema is based an the nystem prnviding 20 minm ees warning againat ICBM attack Our CDNUS based aim-t force can react within this warning pericsd In additian it is mt cansldum many that thin POLARIS submarines am to their Inability mum be taken under attack in an initial enemy missile atrium It ia clear that mar manna atrikn ph maphy smamis that war warning anpabilitiea keep pace with the nae-my threat It is also paintad taut that the pasta maintainu by our six-Magic forcing is not ntatic and is modi ed ta aver-mum a eficieaciem in our warning ay tamm Far examyla initiatibn ref airborne mart wml be mama ma if at any Elma warning is dagra a to an unacceptable 3 With ramped 0 war mqnamt ta be pravidad upwi c damage baf e launch gures Im- varioua warning partials valiti aattmatea of this factor cannot be sax-rum at whim am considara th away and varied mm muat he W t l t i heirs making dam-age am canelnaianm Includeszl amang than mum be the mannm of initiatian of war the tactics am targeting ph oaaphy sf than tummy the avail- ability atmtegic warning my a pmlada tb tactical warning and thee enemy's ability and capability to achiava launch cae-r lnation which insure almultanaity of impact on all bambar and miaaila hams both and oversaw a3 well aa the annular 9f vehielea committad to than mam initial attack ne noouceo AT THE NATIONAL ARCHIVES DECLASQIFIED I - A NARA Date 54 22 on 93 unx skix SEVENTH REQUIREMEETJU Dataile Marmatim to my systems whluh aim in the research car developmant stage and whieh ire dagignad ta place supplamant tar mahanee our prawn datum symtema handing the ame vi each promised syatams if any RESPOQSE I There in no avatars prapramd tn ragla a the manned bombar max-1y warning watems Air date-nan studies over the put swam years have haunted that unly pre ducc ai 212w prawn warning syamma la raqulrud a Ca-n med walnmiam ta datemxina the mammary and axtant of imgamvezmmt mi the DEW Linanare in program 3 Ha futum programs exist in the warning arm that wauld replace than BMEWS MIDAS and SPAIJEATS pragrmma MIDAS is intandaad tn 1313112112433 ana complamant the pram-at cagab ity inherent in by adding can denm to am- p aant miaaila warning capability lmyrovad SFADA T3 will grant capability for fix-at pass datection a space abjecta 4 MAJJRE which is still the research 37mg is deaigned to enhanaa our present detecting aystamg a M39332 is an swat utha-horimn radar A high pawn - dav apmanml was rem-nay installmi at that Chesapeakn Bay 23Eh - 1w 5 X REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL ARC HIVES 9 35 mm a the Naval Laboramry and commemcad operatian in August 1961 Taming of MADRE will by canducted in CY 1962 5 3311911453 and exploratory oi 0211M warning ayatams 33mm ham cun ucted amaze af thaws offar pramiaa and will baa subject to further away EIGHTH RQQUIREMENT U ur'dw ha ha fully mammive ta an wads me shank 3139 be furnished with damned infarmatinn upan cm ability ta dame and train 3mm submarinw includirag any naw in than rasaarch and aming-yawn staga bar capability aka-mg thin line -533 1 Fam ing mi Saviast aubmarina dazplaymant i5 darivmi ram intallb 9 an obtaina an mummy aubmarine mavemente we as part departures and aperatianal naval inte igamze which indicates departure from the nan-ma pattarn af anamy aubfnmine opal-minus This infur-mation in abstained by a Our own aubn'zarinea aperathg 43ft aubmarina paints at 333mm their pa sive aataction capability b Aircraft subumrina transit barrier when t tabiiahed in selected areas during parioda mi temsian and by pariadic aircraft aurveillance oi' wean Aulhmity By MIL NARA Date 52mm c Anti-submarine Warfare WSW type new units When in normal operating at mm 31131113 baakup of investigating inmnigtnca 215er aubmarim mavamesnt etc 3 have a de ating and tracrking capability with unit equipmant at widely varying degraea The mzal detectian and making capability 91 grew acting in camdination is greater than the total capability of the malt-n acting aepuratalv The gonna Survaillanm yatem $0565 inducing its aaseciatad investigative flames a Canada anal v 3 Cammunicatinns Inatruc am far Remix-ting Vital Intellignmm Sightings 313 1215 prwi ts parts tram and military alt-waft merchmat vasa s fishing vacuum and civilian agendas and mhar civilian at military abaawern land or water hams 2 Oman area aurvaillanca which the 55031 13 a may element will institute the principal mama shunting the presence at gammy submarines off that 13 55 comm Tim-mg $031 15 alum thaa cumulatlva probability at intention of a singing 3 3th snorkaling an armchair pawared nubmarina appmaching the Urfitecl States is ralatlvely high and immune with multiple penatratloms Jasmin 5 35 13 modifica nm MW cample ng research devalupn ant tear and evaluatinn are expectad ta inipr'ova deteatinn ranges datemtian aanaltivity ia mpactad offset 2 DECLASSIFIED TIONN ARCHIVE-5 i REPRODUCED ATTHE NA Aum riWW a mug NARA 02mm any quieting cf enia ng ovlct submarine during the name parlad 3 Dnaarip an a 50365 a 30mg pruwmly ac vc in the Atlantic and In that aci c Each nation is this tarmim paint for batman meuatad on this continental ahalf mentions report targetn ta walmtian cantata at Nat- am am San Franzzisca Wham intern-mum from all simian in lm net and intalligezica it evaluatea and trannmi ad tn CINGNORAD and Flatt far nation in aactian Hagan vary widely depanding an t anegraphic caneimana the nature at then tnrga-t am its music of agamtlon Whats a tar-gist 13 etacta by have mr mare Mariana a crass fix i3 achimmd and than approximate pessimism dastarmined The num her nal lmatinn a stadium impose limitatiana on this capability c 9505115 13 affectiva against diwel alactrie mam-marinas and Soviet ran-clear aubmariney aparatad in a narmal mode wlimiaary eatimatus at the Eoviat Ma a SSBN type and b1 mam $535 type acoustic putputa indicata that ame- 3 aubmarinas will be 11am it detecting No Swiet efforts to reduca undarwatar name nutpat are vat apparent d A8 a surva lamm systam eifwtiveneaa of $051 3 depart-ads an the sound aut put 9f the targezt As in any military ayntem accurate a that avatam's capability aasista that anamy in canniering it DECLASSIFIED la grw 1 -NARA Jami 412M DUCEDATTHENAHONALARQHWES Re ne a No and mac-urn gnaw mum 3pm who th- Wed 305113 will be Wm signi cant by 196 and it is ambtini that any nine me will has a ac vo by i971 I mammal tau-clinical immanent being 11 01 94 th tutu with WW8 1mm mm spectrum analyzing equipmm to 132mm rung- meth 513% Array earn-m ta Wm lamina may elusi m ma Minivan ansl v y a1 arraya 3 Cause arrays ta wide mat-alarm mange for all rum lnatu atiam g Rams-eh and dwuloymwt in cream sum-valiant in watered in Project Tr ent TM initial Mart a Prajmt Trisha its a March fa - tyntuma or emanation a auhu-wstama wmbla @ab a than and peaaiw awuauc munmam c which can but mu under- $3 ch Prajaet human 1- an annual vantage pragfam ta anemia Ch feasibility a very mag Hagan mm surveillance by law frequency activa imam mum 4 0th Dot-attain and Tweaking W a ABW man when and manuals are mum in transit training or in that warm minim to that warrant was 12 I Q23 I I El rung m'k i mm-NARA Dam 4 222 1 5c1 22i-m' - dctaww unpabmty and though anh tantial m emuim an seam um-tad maximum a 311 MW Momma it mm m Gout mam Atlantic Eastern Pacific and Wanna Puma permits nu ma diam mm as available farm- ta Mrw t hiya Ind automating have 11mm may e pahmty- v13 3 v1 3088316 - dotnctia'n a mrkalhag and was bunt-1n Mobility 9 than tat-cu portraits mm an to ha mead under gamma 3 3 3 Fore available far unw ma a man arm a mm as tracking and mutant main a ma item 9 MW Curing with 3% summit 396 Ewart 192 Anti-Submits Balm-twine 136 Sum-t mums Lulu Band Almra 308 Lang Range fund Alt-waft 77 NEW Emma z munch and programs be maid in impme 15111 1qu and tracking mama a the as tam Arman than warm m wlm za was far 31 19 imam an Wan rang-h Own-Miami data 13 1 962 21 A mcmuz manna mm far minutiae which Menus ranges wrn mal data 1962 p Igr r u 3 42-33157 we nr- 5 n all - - - Jag 9 35345- sz 4- nude 4 an31REPRODUCED AT THE NATIONAL mq-yves NARA Data 1125 i' dis - DECLASSIFIED I yl rllh no p 111 38-i- it MW av w both that and mm ii 1968 43 1 - x anxuku-p Amwanu 1 uo-nJoy - -- -1 I 134This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu