- ML 3 2 5 November 1955 INTELLIGENCE ADVISORY COMMITTEE Report of the IAC Ad Hoc Guided Missile Intelligence Survey Committee References Final 19 July 1955 - 19 July 1955 Item 3 1 Attached is the report of the Ad Hm Guided Mieeile Intelligence Surveyr Committee 2 This report has been plated on the agenda of the LAC meeting scheduled for 6 December 1955 A cting SECIetary Attachment 4393-3361353 FUR RELERSE DHTE HOV 303E FINAL REPORT AD HOG GUIDED M55133 HTEILIGENICE SURVEY comm manhu- 1955 OPT Am Navy Air Force Joint Staff NEH Agreed State em CIA CONTENTS I II GONG LUSICIHS IV DISC USS IGN B Requirements 0 Guidance to Collectors 1 3 7 A State of Knowledge 8 12 D Collection Efforts E Ut ization of Comhity Assets 18 F Lateral Flaw 21 0 Intelligence 1nd mums 22 H Production 23 I 2h st-my my nn- Force Joint Staff HSA - Egreed State ten cm I INTRODUCTION The Ed Hoe Guided Missile Intelligence Survey Committee was organized in accordance with mc-n 81f12 dated 19 My 1955 Benetton members were nominated i by each member agency of the Intelligence Advisory Cmn ttee 110 with exception of the Federal Bureau of Investigation which stated it desired no regular representation The National Security Agency N511 also nosdnated a member upon imitation extended by the IAC The mission of the Ad Hoc Committee as stated in will he to survey and evaluate the efforts 5 or the U 3 intelligence commuity in the field of guided missile intelligence to include the coverage I emphasis guidmce and status of coordination rude r existent in this field and submit a comprehensive I i I report on the state of guided missile intelligence in the U 5 and in iriendl'lqr foreign powers together with recomnendations as to IAC action In carrying out this ssion general inquiry was made into the present status of guided missile intelli- genes into the operations of guided sdssile intelligence- producing agencies into functioning of information- collecting agencies into the functioning of coordinating groups ind committees and into the necessity for increased emphasis on operations in these areas Each eras was 1 revieVed with regard to coverage emphasis guidance and status of coordination- gm Navy ed Force Joint Staff N511 Agreed Stats ABC one To acquaint the Comittee with the ccmmity effort in the guided missile field briefings were given by representatives of the m Envy Air Force Joint Staff CIA NBA FBI State Department and HG Coomittees agency a a brief the Survey Committee regarding its activities in the eld of guided missiles with specific consideration or the following seven green as 5 Requirements Utilization oi connumity e Lateral flow of intelligence information Intelligence research end analysis g Intelligence promotion In conductirg the survey the Comnittee was guided by the following Intelligence Directives as they relate to the duties and responsibilities of the various departments and agencies concerned thtional Security Council Intelligence Directive No 1 National security Council Intelligence Directive No 3 National security Council Intelligence Directive Mo 5 National Security Council Intelligence 'Directive No 9 National Security Council Intelligence Directive No 15 National Security Council Intelligence Directive No 17 Director of Central Intelligence Directive Ne 3 14 Director of Central Intelligence Directive No 14 5 Director of Central Intelligence Directive No 15 1 Based on the findings conclusions were drawn by the Committee and are herein presented Recommendations based upon these conclusions are also out tted -2- 1 4 5 32 Anny Navy Air Force Joint Staff Weed II CONCLUSIONS 1 The critical requirements of the community for guided missile intelligence are not at present being satisfied primrily because of the of infor- mation available 2 The present collection efforts are inadequate to fulfill stated requirements for intelligence infonretion State sec CIA u certain as technical etnods ior collection have produced a significant mount of the Weilable direct information This new information is of considerable value and further exploitation of these technical methods holds great promise 5 1 lack of understanding sailor of effective working relationships continues to exist between collectors and consumers with consequent impairment of both collection and production activities and Joint Staff abstain Army Navy Air Force Joint Staff NSA agreed 6 1 duplication of effort between the Department of Defense and the the field of'operational'charaeterietics of guided - missiles which is contrary to the provisions_of users No 1 NSCID Ho 3 and DCID No 3 11 T The present organizational structure is adequate to coordinate the community guided missile intelligence effort 3 There are deficiencies in the coordination of intelligence activities which can be rectified by increasing the competence and breadth of participation State are cm 6 Guided missile intelligence is critically important to national security and in accerdanoe'with NSCID No 3 'reeponsibility for this intelligence in its entirety must he shared by the entire intelligence community The present organizational structure is not adequate for efficient and effective coordination and guidance of the community guided missile intelligence effart this deficiency'can most simply be rectified by establishment of a Joint mechanism with essentially the missions and functions delineated in Tab a in the existing coordination mechanisms lir Force abetains Endorsed by Army Jdint Staff NSA AID and CIA the State Department Navy and Air Fnrce'representatiree with this explanatory note Although the term correlating is interpreted to include identification it is the opinion of the State Department Navy and Air Force representatives that in erder to amoid any possibility of misinter- pretation the unrd identifying 'should'aleo be used to clearlywiefine the area enoo eased in the basic problem of how best to identif pertinent to guided missile intelligence Army Navy Air Force Joint Staff N51 Agreed State AED GIE REEUMHEHDATIDNS It is recommended that l The CIA direct its guided missile intelligence analysis efforts to'the'field of basic science as' provided No 1 NSCID Ho 3 and DGID Ho 3ft 3 Each agency of the intelligence community examine its guided missile intelligence program to determine'that it within the allocation of resources available reflects the priority accorded this field by a Assignment of adequate numbers of competent personnel to collection analysis and coordination activities # ir Force abstains 1 Intelligence on guided missiles being of critical importance to national security be allocated as the production responsibility of all interested agencies and that those portions of DCID 3ft in conflict therewith be rescinded 2 The IAG'form a Guided Missile Intelligence Committee GHEC with responsibility to the IAC for essentially the missions and functions delineated in Tab A 3 The GREG be directed to devote a major part of its initial effort to actions designed to improve guidance to the collection effort and to the flow of collected information h Each agency or the intelligence community under guidance of GHIC examine its guided missile intelligence'program in the light of its responsi- bilities and within the allocation of resources available to determine that it reflects the priority accorded this field by a Assignment of adequate numbers of competent personnel to collection analysis and coordination activities Amer Rev-y Air Force Joint Staff use Agreed State AEC cm b Provision of adequate logistic support to guided missile field collection activities c Increased emphasis on the development c Increased emphasie'on the development and and implementation of more effective techniques implementation of more effective techniques for the for collection of guided missile intelligence collection of guided missile intelligence I 1'Joint Staff abeteins Endorsed by Artur Joint Staff Hen mg and cm I by-Stete Department Navy and Air Fcrce representatives Army Nivy Air Force Joint Staff NSA A A discu ssion on this subject not considered appropriate 3' brought out each intelligence canau before the Comittse that for intellir mar fbrmulates requirements ence on foreign suided missile activities STATE 5F mom s gment state AEC cm IV DISCUSSION NIE 11-12 55 a Supplement to HIE 11-5-5h Soviat Capabilities and Programs in Guided Missiles Field is under prupurstinn ai and will contIin the detsils saucerning our state of knowledge relative to status of the Soviet guided missile program REQUIREMENTS 4 m Navy Air Force Joint Staff sea which are responsive to his specific need Each consumer reported that he had a formal list of general and specific requirements on this subject which gave sufficiently wide coverage to meet his needs Due to the divergent missions of the respective consumers their needs for intelligence differ widely For example while the CIA requires intelligence on basic science related to guided missiles the military consumers require detailed intelligence on weapons design performance charac- teristics and operational employment Each agency has developed within the limitations of its resources assets to fulfill its guided missile intelligence requirements The stated guided missile intelligence requirements of the agencies of the intelligence community are not being fully satisfied at this time Agreed 4 State sec on examination of these requirements in detail to ascertain the completeness of coverage Questioning of the representatives of the activities under survey by the Committee however elicited the fact that only in the most general sense was each activity knowledgeable of the requirements of the others This was considered significant in that the needs of the individual activities varied widely due to their primary adesions and responsibilities and considerable overlap of needs was indicated Within the limitations of its resources and guided by individual interpretation as to its role in the overall scheme of activities each activity is developing unilaterally assets to fulfill its guided missile intelligence requirements Even so require- ments for guided missile intelligence are not being satisfied at this time D GUIDANCE TD COLLECTORS Each intelligence production organisation determines its can requirements for intelligence information as needed to support its individual intelligence requirements and serves them on its own collectors as well as on the other'intelligencs community collection agencies 1 General The collection effort to be strong virile and effective must be guided to a significant degree by statements of requirements by the consumers The complexity and scope of the U 5 intelligence effort complicates the establishment of effective guidance in the guided missile field as it was brought out to the Committee that there were at least seventeen lT activities with fairly well defined functions now collecting evaluating collating or producing guided missile intelligence Inasmuch as each intelligence Army NsVy Air Force Joint Staff BSA agreed State iEc CIA production organization having determined its own meda - serves its requirements on its own collectors as well as on other intelligence collection agencies a better defined coordinative process is required to keep from confusing the collectors It was brought out that the formulator of require- ments is not always fully able to express requirements to collectors since he does not have an adequate under- standing of the collectors' capabilities and limitations Communications between the analyst and the collector have often been less than required to pncduce an effective understanding of mutual problems intelligence objectives detailed requirements for information priorities etc where it is possible to formulate joint It was brought out that there have been a I requirements such formulation has been performed' few cases where joint requirements have been formulated and coordinated by several existing organisations Increased activity in this area would measurably increase such as the effectiveness of guidance to the collector Practically - all of the joint guidance is contained in the following The Guided Missile working Group GHWG examples In 1953 JIC 603 15 entitled Technical of the Joint Technical Intelligence Subcommittee and Scientific Intelligence Collection with an enclosure on High Priority Guided Missile Intelligence Objectives was issued a first draft of this paper was formulated the Scientific Estimates Committee by Joint efforts of CIA and the USAF and under direction _and guidance of the Guided Missile working Group GENE the Economic Intelligence Committee are of Copies of the finished paper were forwarded to CIA and State Department There was no followuup the Interagenoy Priorities Committee made by JTIS as to whether or not action was taken on and this a ad hoc IAC HIE post mortem committees 34 Army Navy Air Force Joint Staff The coveragenof the- individual Ind jaint requiremente although not complete has improved the emphasis on the collection of guided missile '3 intelligence relating _1 'has increased I With but fen-exceptions the coordination of joint requirements is satisfactory 2 It was brought out before the Committee that each collection organization provides general and specific guidance to its own collectors In addition each specific request for information contains guidance to the collectors The Armed Forces provide joint guidance to their own and outside agency collectors through the mechanism of the GENE of JTIS An example of the coordinated guidance so provided is contained in JIC 603 15 a paper on Technical and Scientific Intelligence Collection with an enclosure on High Priority Guided Missile Intelligence Objectives A copy of this paper was forwarded to CIA and the State Department Coordinated community guidance for collectors is effected through several nechanisms which include the SEC EIG USCIB and the Joint Atomic Energy Intelligence Committee Agreed State sec BIA is the situation now exists it is considered that the formulation of Joint requirements is unsatisfactory Overt Collection It was stated to the Committee that each organization possessing assets in the collection field provides general and specific guidance to its own collectors Furthermore it was stated that individual agencies exercise the prerogative of placing some of their requirements on the collection activities of other agencies also as illustrated above there have been a few cases where Joint requirements have been placed on collectors The fact as to whether the sum total of individual plus joint requirements as currently served on the collectors completely cover s11 needs of the community for intelligence information in a clear and unmistakable manner was not proved to the satisfaction of the Minority An examination into the specifics of the comuunity e needs and guidance based thereon to collectors is indicated as one of the first orders of business of a Guided Missile Intelligence Committee m i Army Navy Air Force Joint Staff 851 There nee criticism by the G11 to the effect that no single overall body is providing the control and direction from which night he obtained better utilization of collection reaourcee The organizational etruature and inothority delegated by law to the governmental Engenoiee of the U 3 intelligence comnitr precludes a the eubordinatioo of individual agency intelligence - responsibilities to the control and direction of comittee Further the responsibilities weighed to the U 5 Armed Forces prohibits the military commander from the dieeipetion of his Service intelligence meets through action of a committee which cannot share those responsibilities Therefore overall coordination is effected on an informal and advisory beeie Agreed Stete sec on This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu