No Pager '6 Copy No-_2_9 76 IT i FI Cu SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE MEMORANDUM GUIDED MISSILE INTELLIGENCE FROM THE COVERAGE 22 AUGUST I957 - FOLDER N0 TOTAL DOCS I- 57 If IE9 nus pa-2 EH REIT i on INTELLIGENCE AGENCY - mm cum In nu IJUIT 25 25 - - - 1 1 1 25x1 Approved For -RDP78T04753A00010023000 1-7 25X1A SCIENTIFIC INTELLIGENCE MEMORAWII MISSILE INTELLICENCE F d TEE amour momma 25X1D 122' m1 3 95 OFFICE OF SCIENTIFIC Approved For Release 20031091102 300013 I is SECRETI 25 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25x1 Approved For ReleaM3mR - 25X1A COWS I PURPOSE TI CONCLUSIONS 111 OISCUSSIONS A Guided Missile Intelligence Interest in the KJJuchi Ares 3 Potential Guided I- ssile Information Fr Klyuchi Area l Klyuchi As An Impact Area 2 Muchi As A launching Point 3 Impact Ares vs launching Point 0 Data Acquired of Klyuchi Area D Guided Missile Knowledge l iCLyuchi As A launching Point 2 Klyuchi As An Impact Area 3 Impact Area v9 launching Point E The Unanswered aided Missile Intelligence Questions PLATES Plate - Probable New Ballistic Missile Test Range Plate - Kamchatka Peninsula Plate 7% 3 - Aircraft Activity and Radar Locations In 'Ihe Klyuchi Area Approved For Release ZDDSIOQJOZ 25x1 SECRET 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25x1 Approved For 30001-7 25x1 A sees This Scientific Intelligence Memorandum provides a summary of the guided missile intelligence of the mariachi Kamchatka area A brief treatment of the reasons for guided missile intelligence interest in the Klyuchi area is included as well as a discussion of type of information which it was hoped would be acquired Detailed ta is continuing at HT it is unlikely however that future analysis will reveal any new information of sufficient guided missile importance to alter the conclusions reached herein The precise role of the Klyuchi area in the Soviet guided missile prognmn continues to be the subsect of fUrther studies in Approved For helease 2003f09i02 25X1 TOP SECRET 25X1D 25X1D 25x1 25X1B 25x1 25X1D 25X1 25x1 Approved 25X1A 25 To assess the guided missile intelligence l GUIDED MISSILE IHEELLIGENCE COVERAGE PROBLEM of the mom Kamchatka area CONCLUSIONS not reveal any specific indications of guided missile activity 2 The probability that the Klyuchi area is the terminus rather than the launch point for a newr guided missile test range between Novokazelinsk Dzhusaly and Kiyuchi areas is strengthened by the complete lack of evidence of the extensive facilities associated with rangehead type activities 3 Within the best own opportunity for acquiring data which should answer critical questions on the status of the Soviet ICBM program of the probable new rangehead in the Novokazalinsk Dzhusaly area -1- Approved For Release 200309102 TOP SECRET 25 Approved For 25X1A 25 DISCUSSION i A Guided Missile Intelligence Interest in the ICIJ'uchi Area - 1 By its geographic location alone the Kamchatka Peninsula area including its bordering bodies of water has long been a suspect location - for the terminus of a newr long distance ballistic missile flight test range Impact points here would provide the longest great circle distance between - known and suspect launching points in western USSR Flight test ranges of 3000 to 11-500 nautical miles could be achieved - - 25x1 - - I'he ovokazalinsk Dzhusaly area also includes the Oran area - -2- Approved For Release 2003 094'02 CIA-RDP78T04753A000100230001-T TOP SECRET 25 25X1B 25X1B 25X1D 25X1A Approved For 25x1 3 The evidence indicates Soviet preparations for testing either a ICBM or earth satellite vehicle ssv It is doubtful alone could provide an answer to the key question of whether the Klyuchi area was intended to be the terminal impact area for an IUEM or the location of instrumentation sites for the or both However the critical question to be answered is whether the Klyuchi area contains only instrumentations sites or evidence that a launching site is being constructed there Because of the overriding intelligence importance of the ICEM the remainder of this paper will consider only that aspect with emphasis on the status and timing of the program h There was some question as to which area is to he the launching point and which area is to he the impact area for the ICEM test range The available evidence strongly indicated that the Novokacalinsk Dzhusaly area would contain the launching point with the range terminus in the Klyuchi area However the relatively large amounts about 21 000 tons of cargo off-loaded at Ust Kamchatsk and destined for the Special Construction Unit at Klyuchi could have indicated the start of construction of a launching area-possibly to serve a dual role first as a launcher for test range and later as an operational launChing Bite-for IGBMS -3- Approved For Release 2003 9102 CIA-RDPT8T04T53A0001002 0001 7 TOP SECRET 25x1 25X1A PLATE I 25x1 TOP SECRET Approved For Release 2003I09I02 PROBABLE ANGEHEAD Imam PROBABLE NEW BALLISTIC MISSILE TEST RANGE Approved For Release 2003309032 -4- 25x1 TOP SECRET 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D Approved For Rq@nggequ-FI 25X1A 25X1 B Potential Guided Missile Information Availale of Elzuchi Area I l Klyuchi As An Impact Area Instrumentation sites for acquiring missile telemetry and trajectory data would probably be located along the tersnnal trajectory path Klyuchi area it might be possible to determine an instrumentation site pattern from which the intended impact area could be deduced 2 Administrative and logistic support for the instrumentation sites in an impact area would probably be centralized on one location - possibly Klyuohi Approximately personnel would be needed to operate the equipment and provide housekeeping functions A rapid and dependable communication system is needed to connect this location with its instrumentation sites In addition an equivalent system is required to connect the central location with the rangehead control station A modest transportation terminus and some warehouse-type storage facilities should be present 3 Klyuchi As A Launchinngoint The guided missile test rangehead area would contain many distinguishable features the readiness of which should provide a direct indication of the timing of the missile program to be flight tested thereat There would be launching facilities consisting of concrete pads servicing towers control bunkers fuel storage areas electronic instrumentation sites and special missile handling and fueling equipment Approved For Release 2003109i02 TOP SECRET 25x1 25X1D 25X1 I- 25X1 25X1D 25X1 25X1D Approved For 25X1A 25 A fairly large industrial complex should be located nearby to provide support type operations such as missile assembly missile check-out liquid oxygen production and general industrial maintenance activites A range control center and communication network would also be located near the launching area The whole rangehead area should be interconnected by a first- class road network with large radius turns for missile handling equipment h impact Area vs Launching Point The type quantity dispersion and distinguishability of missile facilities located in a rangehead area compared with those in an impact area definitely indicate that by far the greatest opportunity for acquiring information on the status of the Soviet ICEM program 0 Data Ac ired lof @chi Area 1 was acquired on the primary target - the town of Khruchi and the surrounding terrain 1 7 was Tia 47 dated 23 June 1957 Top Secret 25x1 -6- Approved For Release ZDOSIOQIUZ CIA-RDP7BTO4753AODD100230001-7 TOP 25 25x1 RDP78T0475 AERIAL PHOTO COVERAGE Ci KA CHATKA PENINSULA I9 JUNE 4 INTENDED SCATTERED cums WA HEAVY CLOUDS Goon COVERAGE CAMERA MALFUNCTJON PLATE 2 CW TOP TRACK 25X1D 25X1D 25X1A Approved For 0021110001 25x1 2 The military type installations are located in the town of Klyuchi one has been completed for sometime and the other is currently under con struction The installation under construction consists of seven large two story buildings of barracks or warehouse type ranging in size from 30' 90' to 60' 130' and several other smaller buildings in varying stages of con struction On the western outskirts of Klyuchi there were seven ROUND helicopters parked in a small clearing so large airstrips were detected near the town of Klyuchi a large area approximately 1 000' 11 000' is being cleared Just north of the of Kozyrevsk which looks like the early stages of airfield construction 3 considerable logging activity in the area Villages of the Kamchatka River valley are connected by a narrow swath approximately 20 side out through the vegetation which is typical of communication or power line clearings The transportation in the area is restricted to narrow trails except in the immediate vicinity of villages and logging camps There is considerable river traffic consisting of barges and small craft Nearly all activities towns logging camps trails communication or power lines and river decks are located on the southern side of the Kamchatka river indicating little activity to the immediate north nae Approved For Release 2003I09f02 TOP SECRE - 25 25X1D 25x10 - 25X1D 25x10 Approved For 230001-7 25X1A 25x1 D Guided Missile Knowledge l Klyuchi As A launching Point no evidence of guided missile rangehead type activities In fact there was a complete lack of any evidence indicating that such activity was intended for the area or could be supported by the logistic capabilities evident in and around Klyuchiu Although it is recognized that a rangehead could be located in an area this is considered highly unlikely for the 1 following reasons a Klyuchi has been the focal point in- dicating that the guided missile activity involved probably has its headquarters in Klyuchi b Rangehead activities would require considerable logistic support during both the construction and Operational phases There is no indication of such logistic activity in the IQyuchi area c The very rugged terrain and extremely poor weather conditions make this whole area of Kamchatka generally unfavorable for rangehead activities 2 definitely weakens but does not positively exclude the possibility of a guided missile rangehead being located in the Klimchi area 3 Klyuchi As An Impact Area did not provide any direct indications of the guided missile test range instrumentation sites normally associated with an impact area Such sites would probably be dispersed along the terminal trajectory path and located on fairly elevated plateaus to Approved For Release TOP SECRETI 25 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 30001-7 253 25 Approved For provide line-of sight tracking on the incoming missile all the way to its impact point Heter impact is likely therefore some small shacks along the coastline with cables lending out into water to sonic detection would also be expected Considering the probable locations of instrumentation sites of such sites is not surprising h A heliport with seven BOUND helicopters the absence of any direct indications on the western edge of Klyuchi Although these helicopters could be utilized for many purposes there is the distinct possibility that they service guided missile instrumentation sites dispersed along the trelectorv neth Approved For Release 2DDSIOQIDZ TOP SECRET 25x1 Approved For Release 2003109a'02 Approved For Release 2003105002 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1D 25X1A Approved For 30001-7 25x1 5 The military installation currently under construction could be a focal point for the impact area and as such could provide ample housing warehouse and general logistic support facilities for the outlying in- strumentation and communication sites The 21 000 tons of cargo destined for Special Construction Uhit at Klyuehi could vell be going into this new installation 6 lgpact Area vs Launching Point The complete lack of any indications of guided missile rangehead type activities in or around Klyuchi definitely weakens this possibility These negative results when considered in the light of other associations with the guided missile program strengthen the probability'that the'Klyuchi area will be the terminus for the new test range The comparative likelihood of detecting indicators of the two activities also becomes a factor favoring the impact area explanation E The unanswered Guided Missile Intelligence Questions 1 This study further supports the belief that the Klyuchi area is probably the terminus for a new guided missile test range and as such un- dodbtedly would contain instrumentation sites The types quantities and locations of these sites are not known khe whole area would probably reveal possible locations of instrumentation sites from which a reasonable estimate of the intended impact point could be deduced Approved For Release 20031091102 TOP SECRET 25 25X1D 25X1D Approved For $ 59 25X1A 2 The probability that the launching point for a new long range ballistic missile test facilityr is located in the Nevekazalinsk Dzhusaly area is strengthened by the negative results of the Khruchi Approved For Release 2003109102 TOP 25x1 Approved For Release Approved For Release 2003109102 - SECRET Lw L L- L - This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu