Excerpt from Minutes No 187 of CC CPSU Politburo Session from May 16 1990 On the directives for talks with the US Secretary of State James Baker in Moscow on May 16-19 1990 1 Agree with the considerations in the note from Cdes L N Zaikov V A Kryuchkov E A Shevardnadze A N Yakovlev D T Yazov V L Koblov from May 15 1990 attached 2 Approve the directives for negotiations between the USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs with the US Secretary of State James Baker in Moscow on May 16-19 1990 attached Secretary of the CC 1 CC CPSU On the directives for negotiations with the US Secretary of State James Baker in Moscow on May 16-19th 1990 The significance of the upcoming talks with US Secretary of State James Baker in Moscow is determined by the fact that they will be the last important stage in the preparation for the Soviet-American summit It is must be noted that recently opponents of the Soviet-American dialogue's constructive development are trying to use the situation in the Soviet Baltic States in order to impair the achieved level of relations At the same time in the US leadership and society a realistic understanding of the importance of relations with the USSR prevails The Administration maintains the line to conduct a constructive summit As the focus of the political conversation with Baker it is expedient to put forth the thesis that Soviet-American relations should be considered by both countries as a joint asset that must be protected from attempts to gain unilateral advantage The world stands before a very real opportunity to reshape international relations and bring them to a qualitatively new level of broad cooperation demilitarization and partnership based on legitimate interests Momentary temptations to exploit the situation for unilateral gains risk negating these possibilities The negotiations with Baker should focus primarily on specific issues whose solutions are key to ensuring further positive development of relations between the USSR and the USA The main task is to prepare the principal provisions of a Soviet-American treaty on a 50-percent reduction in strategic offensive weapons to be coordinated during the summit At the meeting with James Baker in Bonn we were able to make some progress in the US' position on a number of outstanding issues of the future treaty Our additional positions have been worked out in order to move toward an agreement In order to give a positive impetus to the work in the sphere of strategic offensive weapons we mean to propose that the coordination of both Sides' top-level statement of intentions regarding the future reductions in strategic offensive weapons be prepared in the main part before the meeting During the talks with Baker we expect to agree as much as possible on the questions of nuclear testing chemical weapons nuclear nonproliferation chemical weapons and missile technology as well as other relevant issues Bearing in mind the fundamental importance of Soviet-American understanding on the issues of conventional armed forces for reaching an agreement at the Vienna talks as well as to further advance the pan-European process we will need to come to an agreement with Baker on a compromise solution on aviation and the formalization of the Ottawa agreement on Soviet and American manpower in Europe 2 From the regional conflict issues we will emphasize the broadening areas of agreement regarding the Afghan and Middle East settlement paving the way for a constructive discussion of this topic at the summit Considering the meeting of the six players in Bonn we are to conduct a detailed discussion with the Secretary of State covering the entire complex of issues that are of interest to us in relation to the process of building German unity We should expound to Baker our concept for the final settlement with Germany Verify that the approach to the settlement should be an integrated package approach The six players should develop and adopt a single coherent document that would cover all external aspects of the settlement This document if not in form then in substance in its content should be comparable to a peace treaty It would be signed by all of the six players and subject to ratification Note that the formation of a single German state can be realized only after the external conditions of the unification are determined as the other European states have the right to a timely guarantee that indeed only peace will emanate from the new Germany Suggest that in our view the practical realization of agreements regarding external conditions for unification may require more time than the process of actual unification of the two German states set for this particular period of transition Express the view that the cessation of four-way rights and responsibilities should be only one of the constituent elements of the final peace settlement and be its crowning aspect Once again emphasize that it would be politically and psychologically unacceptable for us to see a united Germany in NATO We cannot agree to the destruction of the balance of power and stability in Europe that would inevitably result from this step This would create a dangerous military-strategic situation for us We see the path to finding solutions acceptable to everyone in the accelerated construction of new pan-European security structures The first practical step in this direction could be the creation of a European Center for the Prevention of the Threat of War based in Germany During the transition period and until the formation of pan-European security structures we have to find solutions that would fully take into account the interests of the Soviet Union and other countries The four powers' troops should remain in Germany until the end of transitional period At the Vienna talks on the joint armed forces speak in favor of reaching an agreement on restricting the armed forces of united Germany These restrictions should however be confirmed also in the final document on the German settlement State that the Soviet Union has consistently held to a principal policy of increasing Soviet-American cooperation in German affairs both within the framework of the two plus four mechanism and in the context of preparation for the CSCE summit and if necessary on a bilateral basis Today such cooperation is relevant more than ever We expect that it will reach a 3 qualitatively new level as the result of talks between M S Gorbachev and G Bush in Washington It seems appropriate to conduct the discussion of bilateral issues from the premise that the increase and diversification of bilateral contacts and cooperation as well as their stable and progressive development is an important factor of the stability of Soviet-American relations in general In this regard the summit in Washington during which a number of new SovietAmerican intergovernmental agreements are scheduled to be signed is expected to be marked with the strengthening and improvement of the legal infrastructure of bilateral ties These developments will represent a considerable move forward in the matter of bilateral cooperation including trade and economic cooperation We mean to review with the US Secretary of State the state of affairs with preparations for the signing of documents in Washington on bilateral cooperation and to determine at what level they will be signed When discussing transnational issues we plan to emphasize the fact that not only the success of international cooperation but the resolution of vital issues facing our countries ecology the war on terror and drugs dangerous diseases etc will depend on the concurrence of the USSR and USA's actions on these matters We intend to conduct a serious conversation with Baker regarding the political significance of the trade and economic spheres of our relations and on the need for the Administration to decide not only in words but in actions on its relations with the reforming truly changing Soviet Union Emphasize that we anticipate the Administration's political support on major joint projects which would enable us to bring the material basis to the new level of our cooperation The discussion of humanitarian issues will be focused on securing their new role as a positive factor in Soviet-American relations We also intend to discuss the main organizational aspects of the USSR President's state visit to the US L Zaikov V Kryuchkov E Shevardnadze A Yakovlev D Yazov V Koblov May 15 1990 4 DIRECTIVES for negotiations with the US Secretary of State James Baker on May 16-19 1990 On May 16-19th 1990 the US Secretary of State James Baker will visit the USSR in what will be the last major political event in the Soviet-American dialogue before the summit The talks with the Secretary of State will take place in an environment where opponents of the Soviet-American dialogue's constructive development are trying to use the situation in the Soviet Baltic States in order to impair the effective realization of the summit and in general to hinder the progressive course of the USSR-US dialogue At the same time in the US leadership and society a realistic understanding of the importance of relations with the USSR and value of the positive elements accrued in this sphere prevails The Bush Administration maintains the line to conduct a constructive summit As the focus of the political conversation with the Secretary of State it is expedient to put forth the thesis that the current level of Soviet-American understanding and cooperation should be considered a joint asset that must be protected from attempts to gain unilateral advantage In a practical sense we should stress the consolidation of positive moments in our relations with the United States the progress on concrete issues that have to be worked through and coordinated before the summit Bring the Secretary of State's attention to the broad political context and the need in the current complex period for both sides to show a high level of responsibility in their actions When discussing issues related to the Lithuanian problems proceed from the decision of the III Congress of the USSR People's Deputies which considered the resolutions of Lithuanian SSR Supreme Soviet from March 10-12 1990 as illegal and suspended them as well as the subsequent decrees by the USSR President his address to the people and Supreme Soviet of the Lithuanian SSR the Soviet government's statements M S Gorbachev and N I Ryzhkov's address to the Lithuanian SSR Supreme Soviet and the Council of Ministers from April 14 1990 State that the Soviet side more than anyone is interested in resolving the situation in Lithuania by means of a political dialogue based on heeding the USSR Constitution and law which defines the procedures for a Union republic's secession from the Union This is the Soviet's Union's internal affair Note that attempts to exert external pressure on the Soviet Union and the threat of use of discriminatory measures against the Soviet Union are counterproductive they will not contribute to a political dialogue between the Union bodies of state power and the Lithuanian leaders Such measures if adopted would not work towards a settlement but against it and would encourage extremist separatist forces Say that the Soviet side is closely monitoring the US Administration's reaction in this matter and sees its realistic approach to the complex situation around Lithuania and the Soviet Baltic States in general 5 Disarmament Bearing in mind the importance of an agreement is this sphere to ensure the effectiveness of the summit as well as the limited amount of time left until the summit it would be expedient to discuss disarmament issues with a focus on maximal progress towards an agreement Negotiations on the Nuclear and Space Arms The forthcoming talks with the US Secretary of State James Baker will be the last full-scale negotiations before the start of the Soviet-American summit in May-June of 1990 For all intents and purposes they will be decisive from the point of view of realizing the two sides' previously stated intentions to prepare an agreement which is being worked out in Vienna right now on 50 percent reductions in strategic offensive arms to be initialed by the USSR and US leaders during the meeting from May 30June 3rd In order to realize this goal a number of major unresolved issues should be coordinated at the meeting of Ministers in mid-May 1990 The outcomes on these questions could consist of the following On the ALCM and SLCM Use the positions stated in the letter of USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs to the US Secretary of State from May 11 1990 for guidelines If the American side agrees to the entire package on ALCM and SLCM the Soviet side will be prepared to move toward a solution on the issue of non-nuclear ALCM Tacit Rainbow on the following basis In the context of an American agreement to the range of 600 km for longrange ALCM with an exception for the existing type of American non-nuclear ACLM Tacit Rainbow which has a range greater than 600 km but which would not be included in the number of ALCM limited by the agreement State that the Soviet side could make this exception if there is an understanding that the range of these missiles would not exceed 800 km that they will be deployed only on non-modern heavy bombers converted for non-nuclear arms as well as on one type of aircraft not related to the heavy bomber category and there would be no modernization of this ALCM and it would not be transferred to third countries At the same time the Soviet side reserves the right to possess the same type of weapons with the same restrictions On mobile ICBM launchers 1 Restricted areas would be established in the area of 5 square kilometers 2 On-site inspections would be conducted only within limited areas as well as at service points 3 Deployment sites with the area of 120 thousand square kilometers would be established this figure is the average between the American proposal of 90 thousand square kilometers for the deployment area and our proposal of 160 thousand square kilometers for such an area 4 A notification schedule for regular movements would not be established 6 No restriction would be established on the number of rocket launchers located outside the restricted areas as well as the duration of their presence there On the phasing of strategic offensive weapons reductions Offer the Americans to coordinate an agreement to be included in the text of the treaty on a three-stage reduction of the two sides' strategic offensive weapons The reductions would take place over a 7 year period with stages of three two and two years Experts should be assigned to coordinate during the meeting the intermediate levels for carriers the total number of warheads on all strategic offensive weapons including the total number of warheads on ICBM and SLBM The text of areas of agreement in the question of reduction stages and intermediate levels Supplement 1 On heavy ICBM In the context of stages of the two sides' strategic offensive weapons reductions we should give assurances such as a unilateral statement by the head of the Soviet delegation at the negotiations on nuclear and space arms that during the reduction of strategic offensive weapons heavy ICBM would be reduced to the level of 154 ICBM proportionally during all reduction stages of ballistic missiles If the American side raises the question of insufficiency of the Soviet side's statements regarding the proportional reduction of heavy ICBM during the agreed upon Soviet and American strategic offensive weapons reduction stages and offers to include sublevels on such missiles and their warheads in the text of the developing treaty--give our consent with the condition that the American side will provide such sublevels for heavy bombers supplied with long-range ALCM On the joint statement regarding future negotiations on strategic offensive weapons reductions and strategic stability Use as guidelines the negotiation instructions by the USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs with US Secretary of State James Baker from April 4-6 1990 in Washington offer to coordinate the text of the joint statement at the summit of USSR and US leaders Draw the US Secretary of State's attention to the need to accelerate the preparation of such a document Express our agreement with the considerations expounded by James Baker in April 1990 in Washington regarding the fact that subsequent negotiations should be devoted to the development of an agreement on strategic nuclear forces On the Tu-22M Backfire If the American side raises the question of these medium bombers use as guidelines the approved instructions for negotiations between the USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs with the US Secretary of State James Baker from April 4-6 1990 Confirm that this medium bomber as was stated is included by the Soviet side as an item for negotiations on conventional armed forces in Europe On the questions of anti-ballistic missile defense and space Use as guidelines the approved instructions for negotiations between the USSR Minister of Foreign Affair with the US Secretary of State James Baker in Washington from April 4-6 1990 In relation to the US Secretary of State's proposal set forth at the meeting in Washington on April 4-6th 1990 on concluding a stand-alone agreement on defense and space not associated 7 with the ABM Treaty of 1972 and also his proposal to demonstrate the operation of the measures of predictability in the context of an agreement on defense and space proceed from the position that the proposals are unacceptable to the Soviet side State that during the negotiations in Wyoming in September 1989 the two sides agreed on a solution to issues of anti-ballistic missile defense and space Both sides in a joint statement by the Ministers agreed that the approach offered by the Soviet side offers a way to reach and realize an agreement on strategic offensive weapons without reaching an agreement on defense and space State that the Soviet side is in favor of agreements being observed by both sides Emphasize that the strategic offensive weapons treaty can be effective only when both sides are in compliance with the ABM treaty in the form in which it was signed in 1972 Offer the US side to make a joint statement about this If the American side shies away from such a statement say that the USSR will make this statement unilaterally during the signing of the treaty on strategic offensive weapons On the issue of positioning strategic offensive weapons on the territory of third countries use as guidelines the approved instructions for negotiations between the USSR Minister of Foreign Affair with the US Secretary of State James Baker in Washington from April 4-6 1990 On the sublevel for mobile-based ICBM warheads Express our readiness to establish a ceiling of 1200 units for mobile-based ICBM warheads in the context of settling the entire complex of questions on the ALCM and SLCM On rail mobile ICBM Use as guidelines the position expounded in the letter from USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs to the US Secretary of State from May 11 1990 On the liquidation of warheads to the level of 600 units Emphasize that we consider it necessary that in the process of reductions not only the carriers but the warheads themselves their bodies would have to be physically destroyed If necessary argue our position from experience with the INF Treaty On the number of warheads that will be listed as future types of ballistic missiles Offer to negotiate an agreement on this issue the text of areas of agreement Supplement 2 The question of non-circumvention of the strategic offensive weapons treaty should be decided on the following basis 1 The sides would exchange messages regarding the existing collaboration obligations in the sphere of strategic offensive weapons with their allies or on the absence of such obligations The US would have to report the presence or absence of the obligations not only in relation to England We are considering the American side's statement on the forms of collaboration existing at the time of signing the present agreement with England but additional explanations are necessary whether the collaboration in the sphere of strategic offensive weapons is limited to the sale of the Trident-III weapons systems Supplement 3 8 2 Confirm our unilateral statement that the USSR considers non-transmission of strategic offensive weapons to third countries as part non-circumvention of strategic offensive weapons treaty this position does not apply to existing obligations 3 Give our consent to the following formulation of article XIII In order to ensure the viability and effectiveness of this contract each party will not accept any international obligations that would conflict with its provisions The Parties shall consult in compliance with Article XII of the present Agreement to resolve any ambiguities that may arise in this regard The Parties agree that this provision does not apply to obligations of cooperation existing at the date of signing between one of the parties and a state not party to this Agreement The Standing Consultative Commission On the question regarding our Krasnoyarsk radar systems confirm our position that it will be dismantled to the ground in 1990-1991 Say that at the next Standing Consultative Commission session we will transfer to the Americans a schedule of dismantling works for this station Suggest a visit by Soviet specialists to the American radar station in Greenland and by American specialists to the Soviet radar station in the Pechora region in June-July 1990 Proceed from the fact that the question of visiting other US and Soviet radar stations would be revisited later Specific questions about mutual visits could be addressed through the Standing Consultative Commission The Vienna negotiations on conventional forces in Europe Personnel 1 Suggest to Baker that Soviet and American experts should immediately start formulating for the Treaty the Ottawa agreements on limiting the number of personnel of Soviet and American ground troops and air forces based in Europe but outside national borders as it was outlined in the agreed upon statement by Canada's Minister of Foreign Affairs Give the Americans our draft agreement Supplement 4 Ask Baker whether this agreement could be signed during the summit meeting in May-June 1990 Regarding the ratification of this agreement proceed from the fact that we are interested in the immediate transfer of this agreement for ratification by the supreme legislative bodies of the USSR and US At the same time we would postpone ratification until the conclusion of the Vienna negotiations on conventional forces so the two documents would be ratified at the same time The agreement on the reduction of personnel of Soviet and American troops could be attached as a component to the Treaty on conventional forces 2 Emphasize the need to work out an agreement such as through a two plus four formula or a bilateral Soviet-American statement or a four-party statement by the USSR US GDR and FRG on restricting united Germany's weapons and number of personnel Proceed from the position that this is a key issue arising from the special responsibility of the four victorious powers according to Potsdam agreements If such an agreement is worked out we would be prepared to move to the next stage of negotiations on the question of limiting the number of WTO and NATO troops in Central Europe 3 If the Americans by way of amendment of the Ottawa agreements raise the issue of transferring to the second stage of negotiations the question of limiting the American 9 troops to 30 thousand people in other parts of Europe besides Central Europe proceed from the position that in this case it would be possible for us to return to the proposals set forth by M S Gorbachev in his conversation with Baker on February 9 1990 Namely reduce Soviet and American ground troops and air forces on foreign territories in Europe to the level of 195 or 225 thousand people Emphasize also that we would go along with such a change of the agreement if an agreement is reached for a joint statement on restricting united Germany's weapons and number of personnel 4 Suggest to the Americans to conduct an experimental bilateral exchange of 1-2 trial inspections the object of which would be the Soviet and American troops and air forces stationed in Central Europe and subject to restrictions according to the Ottawa agreement Suggest to the American side that personnel as well as weapons restricted through the agreement should be the objects of inspection This exchange of inspections could be conducted for example in the second half of 1990 A bilateral exchange of corresponding information would precede such an exchange of inspections The inspections would be conducted in specifically designated areas where ground troops are stationed and at one of the air force bases located outside national borders of both states in Europe 5 Aviation Ask Baker about the American side's view of our proposal to create equal levels up to 500 units for Soviet and American combat aircraft based outside national borders in Europe If he responds negatively inquire what solution the Americans envision for the problem of aviation on which the Vienna negotiations have come to a deadlock Confirm our position regarding the establishment of equal thresholds for the front tactical aircraft and medium bombers 4700 units for each of the unions Maintain our position that naval aviation is not subject of these negotiations according to the mandate of the Vienna negotiations At the same time state that we would be ready to re-classify the majority of combattraining aircraft into training i e to disarm the combat training aircraft aircraft types will be listed separately The disarmament would be done in stages over years from the time of the treaty's ratification The remaining combat-training aircraft aircraft types will be listed separately carrying weapons a total of 500 such aircraft would be included in the overall ceiling on combat aircraft of the front tactical air force and medium bombers which would be increased to 5200 units for each union Note that we are ready to exchange information on combat-training aircraft and their inspection on sites within the overall quota As a compromise offer to transfer the resolution of the issues with anti-aircraft defense interceptor aircraft to the second stage of negotiations Option Tell Baker that we will carefully study his statements made at the meeting in Moscow regarding the feasibility of moving all questions related to limiting and reducing air 10 forces to the second stage of negotiations In practical terms this question has to be discussed with the allied countries with NATO and the WTO respectively Tanks and Armored Combat Vehicles 1 In order to agree on a mutually acceptable definition of a battle tank offer the American side to include the following parameters into the definition a The weight of tracked tanks--not less than 11 dry weight and 13 combat weight metric tons b The weight of wheeled tanks--not less than 16 dry weight and 14 combat weight metric tons An alternate position for further negotiations is not less than 17 dry weight and 19 combat weight metric tons 2 Within the framework of a compromise solution on the armored combat vehicles parameters we could agree to the following solution a Overall level of armored combat vehicles--30 thousand units b Level for infantry combat vehicles and heavy weapon combat vehicles--1820 thousand units c Level for heavy weapon combat vehicles--1-2 thousand units d Minimal weight for heavy weapon combat vehicles 4 5 dry weight and 6-7 combat weight metric tons Procedures for liquidating arms State that the procedures we proposed to liquidate the arms and military equipment limited by the treaty and provide for their destruction and conversion for non-military purposes of a part of the liquidated arms to be further used for peaceful purposes The agreed upon liquidation procedures have to preclude the recovery of liquidated weapons as combat units Explain that due to the large amounts of planned reductions in arms and military equipment of the Soviet Armed Forces a part of the liquidated arms no more than percent may prior to its complete liquidation be deactivated and temporarily stored under international supervision Their complete liquidation destruction and conversion for non-military purposes would be carried out over the period of 1-3 years Discuss with the Americans the possibility of cooperation in the development and application of optimal technologies to deactivate convert for non-military purposes and liquidate the reduced arms Such technologies should be economically feasible and should minimize environmental pollution In the context of cooperation in this field joint SovietAmerican enterprises could be created which would be for-profit and could work on the process of converting arms for peaceful purposes as well handling the task of rationally using the parts and materials remaining after liquidation Regional division Consolidate at the meeting with Baker the mutual understanding of regional division prevailing at the Vienna negotiations which touches upon the so-called extended region of Central Europe including the Baltic Military District Lithuania Latvia Estonia and the Kaliningrad region In this extended region equal limits would be set for the arms limited by the treaty in regular units and in warehouses on the territories of the GDR Poland Czechoslovakia Hungary 11 the Baltic Military District the Belorussian Military District the Carpathian Military District the FRG France Great Britain Italy Denmark Belgium Netherlands and Luxembourg Within these broad limits equal sublevels for arms and technology would be set for regular units in NATO and the WTO To sustain this regional division which is advantageous to us we could agree to the following compromise regarding the so-called flank areas 1 Agree with the NATO proposal not to transfer more than 5 percent of the arms and technology limited by the treaty from the region of extended Central Europe and the rear area to these flank areas At the same time relocation into one of the flank states would be permitted in amounts not exceeding 1 3 of the 5 percent of arms allowed for relocation 2 Stipulate for NATO's counter agreement to include the Kiev Military District into the extended Central Europe or into the rear areas Negotiations on confidence-building measures and security in Europe 1 Note that the new set of confidence-building measures which is to be developed at the negotiations should be a qualitatively new step in comparison with the previously reached agreements in Stockholm The key problem in the Vienna negotiations is the coverage of the naval and air forces under confidence-building measures The progress of the negotiations depends to a large extent on the resolution of this issue Offer the American side a phased solution to this complex issue The first step would be to come to an agreement to include information on naval forces in the annual exchange of information on the armed forces to expand the information on components of naval and air forces participating in joint military activities with ground troops as well as the development of measures for notification of amphibious helicopter-borne and air operations and monitoring 2 Draw attention to our earlier proposal for the establishment of a Center for the Reduction of the Threat of War in Europe Emphasize that this idea's realization would be important not only for the improvement of the political climate in Europe but also for the future creation of panEuropean security and cooperation structures 3 In general express our support for Sweden's proposal to exchange information on programs and plans to develop the armed forces in the sphere of confidence-building measures Proceed from the fact that this information would be provided for the following calendar year and include information on the planned change of the size and structure of ground naval and air forces their principal subordinate command relocations deployment programs of major types of weapons and military technology and plans to build militarily significant objects in the zones where confidence-building measures are in effect Suggest that information about changes in force development should be presented in the course of the regular annual exchange of information on the armed forces 4 State that the Soviet Union proceeds from the need to develop and sign at the summit that is coming up at the end of the year a sound document that would contain considerable measures for confidence and security which would cover military activity on land air 12 and sea The areas in which an outline of agreement is forming could also become elements of such a document for example the exchange of statistical information on the armed forces arms and military budgets the expansion of content of annual military activity plans the improvement of monitoring conditions the improvement of control methods and the creation of a system of operational communications and a consultation mechanism Battlefield nuclear weapons Emphasize that in the situation where the talks in Vienna have come to a real prospect of arriving at a preliminary agreement already this year we believe it would be possible to start negotiations on battlefield nuclear weapons in Europe in the very near future Draw the US Secretary of State's attention to the unilateral cuts the Soviet Union carries out in artillery missile and air components of such weapons as well as the USSR's expressed readiness to make further unilateral reductions of its battlefield nuclear missiles in Europe in the event of an agreement to start such negotiations Note that the USSR's willingness to discuss at the level of nuclear powers' experts the question of what stands behind the concept of minimum deterrence and what defines the limit beyond which the potential of nuclear retaliation becomes a potential attack This reflects the Soviet Union's determination to move towards the liquidation of battlefield nuclear weapons in Europe in a phased manner taking into account the Western partners' views and without dramatizing the differences between the WTO and NATO countries on the role of nuclear weapons in security enforcement Note that we understand the resolutions adopted by NATO countries in Brussels to mean that NATO in principle agrees to negotiations on battlefield nuclear weapons in Europe Emphasize that the rapid development of the situation in Europe requires that the discussion of this problem begin as soon as possible In this regard offer the following schedule of work to Baker In the near future for example in the spring-summer of 1990 hold a series of informal consultations with Soviet and American diplomatic military and scientific experts on the question of what the first stage of battlefield nuclear weapons reductions might be like In the summer-fall of this year hold official consultations between the USSR and US with the possible addition of other interested states A mandate of the forthcoming negotiations and the composition of participants would be developed After the signing of the agreement in Vienna on conventional armed forces in Europe open full-scale negotiations on this issue State that such a schedule is a compromise and takes into account the considerations of the US and other NATO countries and corresponds to mutual interests including in the light of the German issues Tell the US Secretary of State that an agreement on battlefield nuclear weapons could include the following main elements 13 Area of application Europe the first stage--Central Europe from the WTO side GDR Czechoslovakia Hungary Poland from the NATO side FRG Belgium the Netherlands Luxembourg Subject battlefield nuclear land-based guided missile systems nuclear mines and land mines nuclear artillery and aircraft-carriers including their nuclear components The main content of a possible agreement at the first stage of the talks withdrawal of battlefield nuclear weapons from the specified zone to the national borders including nuclear artillery projectiles nuclear air bombs nuclear warheads for air and ground-based missiles nuclear mines and land mines the liquidation of ground-based missiles with a range up to 500 km and launchers based in this zone a ban on deploying the tactical air force nuclear weapons aircraft carriers with the option to refit them so they would not be capable of using nuclear arms Within the framework of the negotiations' first stage alongside addressing the question of battlefield nuclear weapons in Central Europe it is necessary to ensure a sustained stability in the European zone in general for example by the parties' obligation not to build up ground and air based battlefield nuclear weapons on the territory of European countries outside of Central Europe and the obligation not to build up sea-based battlefield nuclear weapons in the waters adjacent to Europe Within the framework of the negotiations the question of nuclear warheads liquidation procedures and the corresponding measures of control should also be examined In order to develop a preliminary decision on battlefield nuclear weapons it may be possible to use the two plus four negotiating forum At this forum in particular a decision could be made to withdraw all nuclear means from the GDR and FRG's territories Nuclear testing Express the Soviet side's satisfaction with the fact that at the SovietAmerican negotiations in Geneva the coordination of protocols on control with the Treaties from 1974 and 1976 is nearing completion The protocols will be ready for signing at the summit in May-June 1990 in Washington Suggest that the delegations in Geneva initial these protocols for the summit Note that the successful completion of the first phase of the Soviet-American negotiations on nuclear testing offers an opportunity to move forward to the goal stated by both sides of a complete ban on nuclear testing In this regard offer James Baker to prepare for adoption at the summit a draft joint statement that would contain the specific dates for the beginning of the second phase of negotiations between the USSR and the US on further limitations on nuclear testing as stipulated in the agreement reached by the two countries in September 1987 confirmed at a meeting of Ministers of Foreign Affairs in Moscow in February 1990 For our part offer September 1990 as a possible date to continue the negotiations Chemical weapons 1 Proceed from the fact that it is necessary to include into a bilateral agreement the obligations of the USSR and US to stop the production of chemical weapons from the time the bilateral agreement comes into effect and not resume such production during 14 the entire time when this agreement is in effect i e until the multilateral convention on banning and destroying chemical weapons comes into effect Proceed from the fact that for the purposes of this agreement the production of chemical weapons should be understood as the production of any chemicals for the use in chemical weapons in the aggregate of over 10 tons per year as well as equipment of munitions and devices specifically designed to use chemical weapons in amounts exceeding 10 tons per year in the weight of the chemicals At the same time the process of ceasing production should not prevent the use of facilities for chemical weapons production from being used to manufacture products for the national economy under the appropriate supervision if necessary These positions could be reflected in the protocol on inspections to be agreed upon after the treaty is signed State that the USSR would be prepared to start destroying its stockpile of chemical weapons within the framework of a bilateral agreement in 1992 reaching the level of 500 tons in weight of chemical agents by 2002 In paragraph 5 of section IV of the draft agreement propose to add a provision stating that information provided within 30 days after the agreement comes into effect would include not only any changes to the location of storage facilities for chemical weapons but also information on changes in other data exchanged on December 29 1989 Inform the American side in detail on the content of the draft for the state program for destruction of chemical weapons presented to the USSR Supreme Soviet Also state that the schedule for implementing the program to destroy the Soviet Union' chemical weapons could be clarified by the USSR Supreme Soviet Transfer the information necessary for the implementation of specific areas of cooperation to destroy stockpiles of yperite and lewisite in the USSR including the exact composition of these agents Supplement 5 State that within the framework of a multilateral convention in the 8 years of its validity period the USSR and US' chemical weapons stockpile should be reduced to 500 tons in the weight of chemical agents Also state that the Soviet side would agree to maintain the 500 tons in the weight of chemical agents until all states potential possessors of chemical weapons join the convention with the understanding that all participants of the Geneva talks will not oppose this decision and it will not prevent the conclusion of the convention Do not object to holding a short extra round of Soviet-American consultations in late May in New York to finalize the bilateral agreement Do not object if the agreement to hold challenge inspections is not documented in a bilateral agreement but in a special additional protocol to the Wyoming memorandum 2 Confirm the positive assessment of the memorandum of understanding on bilateral experiment control and data exchange signed in Wyoming on September 23 1989 State that the Soviet Union would be ready to exchange data on the location of 2 percent of undisclosed chemical weapons stockpiles at the XVI round of bilateral consultations subject to reaching a principal agreement that a bilateral agreement would include a regular exchange of information on the change in data declared in the first stage of the Wyoming memorandum 15 3 Direct Baker's attention to the fact that the US delegation still does not have instructions to seek resolutions for major unresolved issues at the multilateral negotiations Confirm our proposal that the USSR and US Presidents issue a joint appeal to the negotiators to finish developing the text for the convention in the next year or two Such an address could also be made at the forthcoming summit It could also include a proposal to hold a special meeting of the Conference for disarmament at the level of ministers of foreign affairs at the final stages of working out the text in order to overcome the last obstacles to the convention Work toward reaching an agreement at the meeting to start parallel work in the USSR and the US with a wide range of countries to encourage them to make a statement about their intentions to become members of the convention preferably founding members Offer to conduct an exchange of opinions on the possible content of WTO and NATO's statements on the intentions of member states to become original parties to the convention At the same time work towards ensuring that the content of these individual statements was identical or corresponded on major elements Biological weapons Confirm our positive assessment of the bilateral consultations that have started in this sphere State that we intend to work towards removing as far as possible the existing concerns before the third review conference of the Convention on the Biological Weapons Ban September 1991 Offer Baker to give a joint order to the delegations at the bilateral consultations to prepare a draft of an agreement between the Soviet and American governments on confidence-building measures and increased transparency with regard to this convention in the fall of 1990 to be signed at the meeting between the USSR Minister of Foreign Affairs and the US Secretary of State Do not object to having the latest consultations on the issues of banning biological weapons take place within the framework of the second part of the XVI round of bilateral negotiations on banning chemical weapons Nonproliferation of nuclear chemical and biological weapons as well as missiles and missile technology Work to develop and agree upon a text for a joint statement on the issues of non-proliferation of nuclear chemical and biological weapons as well as missiles and missile technology which could be adopted at the end of the Soviet-American summit Translated by Anna Melyakova for the National Security Archive Source Russian State Archive of Contemporary History RGANI Fond 89 Opis 10 doc 61 16 This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu