uvunuvlr Authority an um imv-nrm D c 2030 mg am EXEMPT PER 2 0 12953 q i sec amalggm eciaa ified 1371535 By Law is Mailman Date In 9 14-2016 gn- on c1543 E55 33' #531233 AM INFORMATYIONRETRIEVAL mm BRANCH ROOMLZBEBB 79127 qr 11- ms MQP 39 PAPERS If 5760 ek cbnas Min SERVICES 6 3 335 gures was AGENCY a 5 anamunmrm OUT 6' 3% THIS FlliE mum-ms PERMANENT Jgis OFFICIAL RECORD 5- a 99 9101 REMQVE names 0R MARK PAPERS IF REQUIRED ZONIACT SECRETARY w is Ff fag 5 134 nuugjjw - a if TReview 26 NOV 3 4 -5 DocIdz31301100 DEC LASSIFIED AuthorityM F- To NT 354 3555 or STAFF u ggd s INFORMATION RETRIEVAL gmm BRANCH noomuaagas 27 mg '59 s $33geAL 2 dAIsvaan AND 45 5 W g gho was AGENCY 1'3 OUT ll @512 WASHING-TOM D c 20391 i EXEMPTPEHEQ 1295a q -AS-AMENUED sec 33 ng 23 153 5% 1 Js I 21eclassifiaci Authority 391 225 01 By Laurie a sen Date 3 9 14 2015 g- 6 or 3 8 mus FILCE cemms PERMANENT Jc s OFFICIAL RECORDS NOLREMQVE DEFACE 0R MARK IF comes CONTACT wun- SECRETARY JQS 5mm 5 i mug JLIJU LL53 5h JCS as 385 May 1 9 31 5 a TV TRem lew 25 NEW 3 ti i Docld 31301100 DEC LASSIFIED Authority Of 003 1e DETAMED Am YSIS 35mm - amass NV LEA GUE 32 w 4003' 0005 SEE SMEF winsaiimmw' 0 0 2030 3 Prepared by J'oii'nt Exercise ivisi0n Operations 0000 0er J- 3 0 168 5 CLASSIFIED BY J- 3 DATE FEB 15 30 JULY 2002' REASON 5200 113 24 3010 6 Nw# 32225 Docidzalsoligg DECLASSHHED Authority 3 JOINT SIAFF -SEGRE-T- THE JOINT CHIEFS OF SIAFF JUL 19 92 MEMORANDUM FOR DISTRIBUTION Subject Exercise IVY LEAGUE-82 Detailed Analysis Report 1 The attached report represents the Joint Staff Operations Directorate' detailed analysis of the performance of selected OJCS systems and procedures that were employed during Exercise IVY LEAGUE 8 2 2 This report must be viewed in the context that this analysis is but one of several efforts to document the findings of Exercise IVY LEAGUE 82r Familiarity with all the evaluative efforts-is essential to gain a full appreciation of the Lessons Learned as a result of Exercise IVY LEAGUE These include IVY LEAGUE First impressions Conference 19 March 1982 IVY LEAGUE Critique Conference 19 20 April 1982 TOP SECRET Supplement SIOP Analysis LIMDIS EEOZSXS Nw# 32225 4 The Joint Staff has established Specific Remedial Action Piojects to intensively pursue the major problems identified during the exercise RAPS resulting from IVY LEAGUE were published by DJSM 914- 82 of 11 no 1982 Doeid 3iaolloo DECLASSIFIED Authority M 5 Without attachment this memorandum is UNCLASSIFIED ROBERTP HILTON -- fr aearAdmiral USNd Vice Director for 0parations Attachment a s GD Doc1d131301100 DECLASSIFIED 1101-in DISTRIBUTION AGENCY CJCS DJS SJCS ARMY NAVY USAF USMC USCG CINCAD CINCLANT USCINCEUR CINCMAC CINCPAC USCINCRED USCINCSOUTH CINCSAC JTF ALASKA COMUSK DNA DNA DCA DIA DLA JDA MTMC MSC le J-4 C3S SAGA SJCS RAIR BRANCH CCTC DAS ANMCC NEACP CODE 39 AFSC NDU OSD MRA8L Comptroller UNSEC-POLICY FRMA CIA Room 7F33 Mr Mulholland NCS JSCS- UJ COPIES DECLASSIFIED Authority I U EXECUTIVE 1w U Introduction and Exercise a Exercise ivy LEAGUE 32 1-5 March 3 982 was a bien nial worldwide procedural command post exercise sponSOred by the Joint Chiefs of Steffi It exercised tems lprOCEdures and personnel of the Worldwide Military Command and Control System $02 5x5 2 U Sznogsis $025x5 Docldt31301100 DECLASSHHED AuthorityThe Network WIN experienced severe response time degradation during major portions of 'the exercise This condi ion called molasses effect or network slowdown has been observed in paSt exercises during -periodstof high data traffic he network slowdown condition occurred withrvarying degreeS'of severity but was especialLy severe on 3 and 4 March BecauSe-ofltheSe difficulties WIN 'operational support to exercise-participants was unsatiSfaC tory on25x5 DocId 31301100 DECLASSHHED Authority 3 a Q 3 seem- the FEMA Special Facility was exercised for the first time This secure link proved to be a very effective means for exchanging information and decisions quickly in a fast-moving crisis situation The secure link requires some improvements in capability especially in the quality of video from the FEMA Special Facility OperatiOnal and security procedures for the use of the secure video link must also be established f Exercise IVY LEAGUE-82 had the most extensive scripted communications outages of any recent exercise The outaqes 5x5 U Analysis Reguirements This report contains the anal- ysis of 12 major analysis objectives which the Organization of the Joint Chiefs of Staff OJCS selected for special atten- tion during the exercise These objectives include only those for which the OJCS has direct responsibility The major anal- ysis objectives are 0 a Tcsagvaluate SIOP execution and following The TOP SECRET supplement to this report contains the analysis of this objective gh025x5 c Exercise and evaluate systems for tactical warning attack assessment nuclear detonation reporting and indirect residual capability assessment 6 Exercise and evaluate the Minimum Essential Emergency Commun1cat-ions Network OMEECN 3 DocIdiBlSOll O DECLASSHHED Authoritym 9 U EValuate the Pntercomputer Network WINJ in support of the NCA NMCS commanders of unified and speci- fied commands and Services during the preattack period the Crisis Staffing Procedures of the Joint chiefs of Staff including a limited rerocation'to the Alterr nate National Military Command Center ANMCC j Evaluate civil end'military logistic plans _policies and pr cedures in use prior to nuclear attackm kl telecommunications economy policy and com- munica ions security practices to include analysis of trans missrons for operations security vulnerabilities l T ihEvaluete the impact of communications degradation to include-satellite outages and the ability-of telecommunica tions systems to function when critical links are jammed and false messages are injected into the systems U Exercise Considerations_ as U The data rom Exercise IVY LEAGUE 82 were biased by exercise design artificielities and constraints that put a serious limitation on the exercise findings as compared to real world operations The exercise design constraints and artificialities tenumeratEd below were developed to allow opportunities for identi ying_and resolving weaknesses in doctrine plans ongoing command operations and proce dures without violating operations security requirem ntsw The Joint Staff decided prior to the exercise not to perform an end-to-end simulation of the tactica - - l - 5 neerd 313011eo h CD on25x5 0 gs025x5 I 1 4 vunuoll 1114 Authority 5 pat l b CD The considered the impact of these artifi cialities wherever possible in the analysis c U Whenever this report identifies personnel by title the reader should recognize that the title refers to a sur- rogate player_unless otherwise noted the exercise President or the exercise Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff U Exercise Participation Commands and agencies partici- ed during Exercise IVY LEAGUE 32 as follows a U An exerise National Security Council with an exercise President is former 8ecretary of State and Vice President a former Director of Central Intelligence participated in the exercise at the White House situation Roomi This was the first JCS-sponsored exercise during which such former senior civilian Government officials participated b U The Joint Chiefs of Staff implemented the Emergency Operating Procedures BOP at the start of the exercise Joint Staff Service and Defense agency personnel-partici- -pated as memberS'of the Operations Planners Group OPG Operational Nuclear Planning Group ONPG or appropriate response cells - EX Docld 31301100 DECLASSIFIED whom M 6 c U Personnel ftom the Department of State Office'of the Secretary of DefenSe Military Services CoasthUard and the Eedenal Emergency Management Agency FEMA participated in their_expected roles-for general war a U The Department of National Defence Canada partici- pated in the exercise on a 24 hour basis 6 ADCOM LANTCOM USREDCOM sac and JDA part cipated with normal battle staffs which functioned on a 24 hour basis and MSC participatEd With crisis action teams Joint Task Fence Alaskan participated with response cells I U he Joint'Exercise'Contnol Gnoup funCtioned in its accustomed rdle and controlied the exencise p1ayu The repre sentatives of the Department of State and the Office of the Secretary oirne ense on the Jo nt Exercise antroi Group JECG functioned as both players and contr611Ers U Scenario'Synopsis onz 5x5 w-W 6 Docld 31301100 sec-RH- Table IVY LEAGUE 82 Overview of EOZBXS Z DocId 31301100 DECLASSHHED Authoritym onz 5x5 ni icantrFindin 5 Conclusions and Recommend tions A synop51s most smgn1 1cant 1n Inge conc'uSrons an recommendations is Listed below Most of these findings were not affected by exercise date bia$ These findings are-valid fegardless df exercise considerations The pages re erenced at the end of each paragraph indicate where detailed'information is located 5x5 1 EX-S Nw# 32225 Docld 313011eo DECLASSHHED Moons M Tactical Wawning Attack AsseSsmentq Nuclear Detonation Reporting and Indirect Residual Capability Assessment gaozsxs 2 USREDCOM USSOUTHCOM JEF Alaska and MAC were not aw re of the strategic nuclear attack against the United States until after the nuclear detonations began Those commands are-not monitor conferees in a Missile Attack Conferencei The Director for Operations OJCS will consider adding USREDCOM USSOUTHCOM JTF Alaska and MAC as monitor conferees in a Missile Attack Confera ence HWEEF-M - aozsxa as-smuAa mmgm DocId 31301100 DECLASSIFIED 1111111011in 1 373025115 d - WOrldwide Airborne Command Post WWABNCP WWABNCP elemen had limited -capability to locate and communicate with surviving g-round- based military auLhorities in CONUS and overseas locations C-nrrenL_ly there is no National Reconstitut-ion Commonications PIan which est_ablishes commu nications capabilities and provides frequencies call signs and authentication tables The Director National Commonin cations System should es -ablish a comprehensive National Reconstitution Communications Plan IV-10 e U Intercomputer Network WIN 1 EOUO The WIN experienced severe response ti-me degra dation during major portions of the exercise The degra- dations were most severe on 3 and 4 March No solutions t_r_ied by the Network Operations Center had more than a temporary effect WIN performance was unsatisfactory The causes identified were 1U Network Management 0 l U Communication trunk configuration 3 U ADP system software restarts iU Operational Control WIN versus local user priorities U Local Host Computer System Operation WIN s ys-tem and applicat-ion software competition for com puter resources The WIN Director the Data Information and coordina tion office the WEN Network Operations Center and the Defense Common-ications Agency Operations Center a must take positive steps -t-o insure that there are not unacceptable operational effects caused byrnetwork recenfiguration Changes such as providing more IMP- terIMP trunks into a critical site could be made to improve the probabidity of access of some sites to correspond to the crisis situationr axelo' Docldz31301100 2 U There is evidence of WIN-spawned high priority jobs causing host slow downs at at least three sites At one site host computer problems went away Wham WIN soft- ware was removed from the host Competition for computer resources by WIN'jobs all running at the highest system urgency priority caused several host computers to slow down or to appear inoperative Local site operators seemed unaware oi their authority to change WIN spawned job priorities to alleviace the problem The Director Command and Control Technical Center should continue his technical efforts to solve WIN problems In particular CCTC should investigate the interaction of WIN software with local HOST programs as handled by GCOS at all sites The impact of this interaction as it affects the host's ability to process jobs should be determined v1 43 U Crisis Staffing Procedures ll Ti Crisis Staffing Procedures were effective and were followed in most cases As in previous exercises instances where procedures were not followed-appear to be from a lack of familiarity rather_than a conscious decision The Crisis Staffing Procedures although ade quate for current warfare modes do address space warfare There is no single organization within DOD with overall operational responsibility fer space warfare matters Additionally the Joint Stef is not currently staffed or organised to process space warfare matters as unique actions The US Air Force staff should examine the operational chain of command required to implement spaceerelated decisions or provide the status of Space assets sozsxs EX-ll Docldz31301100 DECLASSIFIED Authoritym 9 U National Emergency Airborne Command Post NEACP 25x5 V6 h CUJ Civil and Military Logistic'Plans' to Civil Authorities MACA and Military Support of Civil Defense MSCD FEMA requested numbers of Army batta1ion_s ra ther than providing mission statements The civil req uirements Were dif_ficuIt to f ill The executive agent for DOD nequpres mission statements which would allow allocation of orces in the right quantity and mix OSD should insure that FEMA pro - -vides mi-sSion support requirements rather than -numbers of units under MACA or MSCD IX 3 plans and procedures were not fu-lly exerciSed because of the late ransition from MACA to MSC-D The transition from MACA to MSCD should be a topic of discus- sion by decisionmakers early in a period o'f heightened tensions The Director Plans and Policy OJCS in coordina tion with the Department of the Armyz should examine the -feasibil-ity of tying the tranSition MACA to MSCD to a specific event IX-4 DocId 31301100 DECLASSIFIED AuthorityM 0 32225 U The Director for Administrative ServiCES should intensively manage the distribution of messages in the to ayoid overwhelming the staff with unneces sary mesSages Messages with special interest Uoint Reporting Structure reports for example should be sent only to the Office of Primary ReSponsibility who shovld be responsible for disseminationm Messages-not addressed to the Joint Chie s of Staff should not be distributed As the focus of interest in the exercise-changes dis tribution should be changed to provide messages only to those who need them Message librariesJ by subject ghogld Qg vgilable to-those who onlv have a casual j T54 Communications Degradation Exerdise IVY LEAGUE 82 contained the most extensive denial of message flow conducted to date As_in past outage tests-dedicated circuits sune sx 13 Docld 31301100 ghOzsxs DECLASSIFIED AuthorityM LEFT BLANK Ele'd Docld231301100 DECLASSHHED UNCLASSIFIED 7 TABLE or CONTENTS Section Page EXECUTIVE SUMMARY sx 1 to Bxu13 TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES xi LIST OF TABLES xvii GLOSSARY xix I SELECTIVE RELEASE OF NUCLEAR WEAPONS 1-1 1 Major Analysis Objective 1-1 2 synopsis 1 1 3 System Description 1 1 4 Analysis 1-1 a ExerciSe Considerations -I-l b Analysis Results by Subarea 1 2 1 General 1-2 2 Consultation Decisions and Guidance 1 2 3 Decisionmaker Information Requirements I-6 4 Warning Request and Response Messages 1 9' 5 Selective Release Procedures 1-12 5 SELREL Findings Conclusions and Recommendations 1 19 3 Findings 1-19' b Conclusions c Recommendations 1 20 II TACTICAL ASSESSMENT - NUCLEAR DETONATION REPORTING AND INDIRECT RESIDUAL CAPABILITY ASSESSMENT 11-1 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 Synopsis 3 System Description 4 Analysis I vi UNCLASSIFIED D0cld 31301100 DECLASSHHED Section IV UNCLASSIFIED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea 1 RECA 2 NUDET Reporting 3 5 Tactical Warning Attack Assessment Nuclear Detonation Reporting and Indirect Residual Capability Assessment Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations MINIMUM ESSENTIAL EMERGENCY TIONS NETWORK MEECN Major Analysis Objective Synopsis System Description Analysis hcnhiw a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea 1 Analysis Objective Analysis Objective 3 Analysis Objective 5 MEECN Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations WORLDWIDE AIRBORNE COMMAND POST WWABNCP 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 Synopsis iv UNCLASSIFIED Doc1d231301100 Page II-Z 11-2 11-8 IIle II-ZS 11-25 11-27 II-28 IV-1 IV-1 IV-1 DECLASSHHED Authority Section VI UNCLASSIFIED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED System Description Analysis pm a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea Analysis Objective Analysis Objective Analysis Objective Analysis Objective Analysis Objective Analysis Objective Analysis Objective UV 5 WWABNCP Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations WORLDWIDE MILITARY COMMAND AND CONTROL SYSTEM AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING ADP Major Analysis Objective Synopsis System Description Analysis IDLIJMH a a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea Analysis Objectives Analysis Findings Conclusion Recommendation mhwwI d 4 va NETWORK WIN 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 Synopsis UNCLASSIFIED DocId 31301100 Iv 16 IV-17 3 i I i l-J 73 Ill DECLASSHHED Authoritym UNCLASSIFIED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED Section Page 3 System Description 4 Analysis 3 Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea VI-Z 1 WIN Configuration VI-2 2 Network Reliability VI-2 3 WIN Performance 4 Probability of Accessing Selected Hosts from Another Host VI-22 5 ADP Support to Selected Users VI-33 6 Priorities VI-43 5 WIN Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings VI-46 b Conclusions c Recommendations - VI-49 v11 CRISIS STAFFING PROCEDURES CSP 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 Synopsis 3 System Description 4 Analysis VII-2 a Exercise Considerations VII-2 b Analysis Results by Subarea VII-2 1 General I Crisis Staffing Procedures ICSP Emergency Operating Procedures BOP 3 Briefings Closed Circuit Television CCTV and Visual 2 Aids 4 Emergency Action Procedures - BAP 5 Continuity of Operations Plan COOP and Relocation VII-19 vi UNCLASSIFIED Doold 31301100 UECLASSIFIED m Authority M5 UNCLASSIFIED 0 TABLE OF CONTENTS commons Section Pages 5 Crisis Staffing Procedures Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions VII-23 c Recommendations NATIONAL EMERGENCY AIRBORNE COMMAND POST NEACP 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 -Synopsis 3 System Description 4 Analysis 3 Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea 1 Analysis Objective 2 Analysis Objective Analysis Objective 4 Analysis Objective 5 Analysis Objective Findings Conclusions and Recommendations 3 Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations IX CIVIL AND MILITARY LOGISTIC PLANS 1 Major Analysis Objective - 2 Synopsis 3 System Description - 4 Analysis a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea MACA-MSCD IX-3 2 OJCS Briefing Team at FEMA Special Facility vii DocId 31301100 DECLASSHHED Authority 3 Section XI UNCLASSIFIED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED ResourcenClaimancy OSD Liaison Cell at FEMA Special Facility DOD Representative to the FEMA IECG 91 A 11 5 Civil and Military Logistic Plans Findings Conclusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations TELECOMMUNICATIONS 1 Major AnalysiS'Objective 2 Synopsis 3 System Description 4 Analysis a Exercise Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea Volume of Messages Message Speed of Service SOS Commander's Situation Reports Precedence-Usage Length'of FLASH and IMMEDIATE Messages 1 Statistical Data OPSEC nwat J vs vs 5 Telecommunications Findings Con- clusions and Recommendations a Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations COMMUNICATIONS DEGRADATION 1 Major Analysis Objective 2 Synopsis UNCLASSIFIED DocId 31301100 3335 Ix-ls IXTIS IX-17 X-l X l X-l X-l X-l X-l X-Z X-G Xrl X-ZS X-29 X-29 X-38 X-38 X-39 X-40 DECLASSHHED Authority Section XII UNCLASSIFIED TABLE or CONTENTS conminusn System Description Analysis a 'ExerciSe Considerations b Analysis Results by Subarea Analysis Objectives NCMC Outage Actual Circuit Outages Operational Impact of- Communications Outages Af v p n Communications Degradation Findings Conclusions and Recommendations 3 Findings b Conclusions c Recommendations REMEDIAL ACTION PROJECTS RAPE 1 2 3 4 Purpose Definitions Number of Categories RAPS a RAPs for Which OSD is Designated CPR b RAPs for Which the Director for Plans and Policy OJCS is Designated OPR c RAPs for Which the Director for Logistics OJCS is Designated OPR d RAPs for Which the Director for Operations OJCS is Designated OPR e RAPs for Which the Director for Command Control and Communicae tions Systems OJCS is Designated OPR f RAPs for Which US Army is Designated OPR ix UNCLASSIFIED DocIdz31301100 Page XI-2 XI-Z XI-2 XI-Z XI-6 XI-15 XII-1 XII-2 x11 11 XII113 XII-31 XII-35 DECLASSHHED Authoritym UNCLASSIFIED TABLE OF CONTENTS CONTINUED Section 9 RAP for Which US Air Force is Designated OPR h RAP for Which Joint Deployment Agency is Designated OPR i RAP for Which Defense Nuclear Agency is Designated QPR 5 Deferred Critique Items PROPOSED REMEDIAL ACTION PROJECTS RAPs 1 Purpose 2 Definitions 3 Proposed RAPS XIV REMEDIAL ACTION PROJECT RAP ANALYSIS 1 Purpose 2 General Synopsis Trend Analysis Methods of Comparison Results of Comparison Recommendations XV ANALYSIS SYNOPSIS 1 Analysis 2 Analysis 3 Analysis 4 Analysis 5 Analysis Task Organization Requirements Criteria Approach and Data Collection a Systems Description and Analysis and Data Collection Plan D Data Collection c Data Collected d Analysis Considerations 6 Exercise Message Analysis System EMAS UNCLASSIFIED DocIdz31301100 XII-37 XII-39 XII-39 XIV-4 XIV-4 XIV-15 XV-2 XV-Z xv z xv z xv 4