Exploring Cyberspace Through Engaging Thought Cyber Beacon III Exploring Cyberspace Through Engaging Thought National Defense University Fort McNair Washington DC cyberbeacon@ndu edu Conference Proceedings July 13 - 14 2016 National Defense University Washington D C About National Defense University NDU is a strategic national resource that prepares senior leaders to think and operate effectively at the highest levels in an increasingly dynamic complex and unpredictable international security environment It does this by preparing them to understand develop and employ strategies that incorporate all elements of national power This senior leader development is made possible by NDU's holistic approach and unique combination of curriculum location and student faculty diversity NDU students develop an understanding of the canon of strategic theory and are able to apply and creatively adapt this knowledge to current and future security challenges This foundation of theory and application is informed by cutting-edge research The educational experience is also enriched by the many distinguished speakers who engage the students in candid discussions The university's ability to attract these top speakers and build relationships with federal agencies academic institutions and international partners is enhanced by its location in Washington DC Intentionally integrating students and faculty who come to NDU from all military services and a broad spectrum of interagency industry and international partners provides a diversity of thought in every seminar This ensures that NDU students are exposed to an exceptionally wide range of perspectives and fosters personal relationships and peer networks which continue to serve NDU alumni throughout their careers Cyber Beacon III was generously supported by the NDU Foundation The NDU Foundation is a non-profit organization committed to enhancing human security and global stability by investing in the education and leadership development of national security professionals studying at the National Defense University NDU Established in 1982 as a nonpartisan philanthropic organization the Foundation's mission is to raise awareness and support for NDU The Foundation brings together dedicated individuals corporations and NGO's to ensure that the NDU community has the richness of resources necessary to cultivate excellence in the next generation of global security leaders About the Information Resources Management College The NDU Information Resources Management College educates and prepares select military and civilian leaders and advisors to develop and implement cyberspace strategies and to leverage information and technology to advance national and global security Although most students are military or DoD civilians the school also accepts federal agency private sector and international students into its graduate programs The college offers a Master of Science Degree in Government Information Leadership JPME II credit as a Senior Service College and graduate certificate programs Chief Information Officer Chief Financial Officer IT Program Management Cyber Security Cyber Leadership The National Defense Authorization Act for 2017 officially changes the name of the Information Resources Management College to the College of Information and Cyberspace As soon as supporting administrative actions are completed the new name will take effect For more information about the college visit our website at http icollege ndu edu Save the Date September 27 - 28 2017 Table of Contents Executive Summary Session I The New Face of Conflict Session II Balance Security and Mission Effectiveness Keynote ADM Michael S Rogers Keynote Ms Letitia Long Session III Innovation at Risk Session IV Workplace of the Future Man or Machine Executive Sessions Speaker Bios Registered Participants 3 7 12 17 20 23 29 34 48 58 This proceedings report was prepared under the direction of Major General F M Padilla NDU President and Chancellor Jan Hamby Information Resources Management College and was edited by Dr Cassandra C Lewis Associate Dean of Academic Programs Information Resources Management College The interpretation of speaker remarks expressed in this report are those of the author and do not represent the official position of the National Defense University nor the Department of Defense This proceedings report was designed by Mr Michael Jacobs Instructional Designer Information Resources Management College Executive Summary On July 13-14 2016 over 100 government leaders academics and private sector executives gathered at the National Defense University NDU campus at Fort Lesley J McNair for Cyber Beacon III Highlights of the event include keynote speeches by Admiral Michael S Rogers Commander U S Cyber Command Director National Security Agency and Chief Central Security Service and by Letitia Long Chairman of the Board Intelligence and National Security Alliance and Former Director National Geospatial Intelligence Agency Cyber Beacon III was coordinated by the Information Resources Management College IRMC or iCollege at the National Defense University NDU The two-day conference met its goal of provoking the development of creative ideas on how we collectively deliver national security in cyberspace Cyber domain thought leaders confronted existing approaches and each other using a cross-discipline lens examining critical issues in policy operations and technology Day One sessions focused on current and emerging challenges and opportunities in cyberspace from what constitutes cyber war to the basic assumptions about defense in depth Day Two discussions centered around innovation and technology and the impact on how we develop our workforce Four panels over 20 expert panelists and afternoon executive working sessions ensured that all participants had the opportunity to contribute and take home valuable action items DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Welcome Remarks Jan Hamby RADM Ret USN Chancellor NDU Information Resources Management College The conference convened with welcome remarks from Jan Hamby RADM Ret USN Chancellor of the NDU Information Resources Management College IRMC Chancellor Hamby shared that Cyber Beacon III represented a bridge year for the conference Previous Cyber Beacon gatherings focused on the development of cyberspace issues in DoD educational programs and institutions Cyber Beacon III expands the aperture of past events to create a venue to explore how we collectively deliver national security in cyberspace and provide guidance for our way ahead RADM Ret Jan Hamby She noted that the intimate by-invitation conference was intentionally designed to foster debate and dialogue throughout the two days Attendees were also encouraged 4 Information Resources Management College to identify political issues and changes and share their perspectives with the IRMC about what is needed in strategic leader cyberspace education Major General F M Padilla USMC NDU 15th President Major Gen F M Padilla General Padilla welcomed attendees to the National Defense University and Cyber Beacon III by sharing that Cyber Beacon will be the place to be to engage connect and collaborate on pressing issues now and for years to come He congratulated the faculty and staff of the Information Resources Management College IRMC and other colleges and components of NDU for planning the event General Padilla highlighted the inclusion of keynote speakers Admiral Michael S Rogers United States Navy Commander United States Cyber Command Director National Security Agency Chief Central Security NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Service and Ms Letitia Long Chairman of the Board Intelligence and National Security Alliance Former Director National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency NGA and acknowledged the panel members who represented the brightest minds tackling major issues related to national security in cyberspace General Padilla noted that the innovative ideas shared about cyberspace represented cross pollination among academia and the operational world He stressed that this type of collaboration would result in identifying and putting actionable items forward to enhance cyberspace security This approach he remarked was directly aligned with Secretary of Defense Ash Carter's initiatives to promote innovation and increase collaboration with the private sector In closing General Padilla challenged participants who represented government academia and the private sector to actively engage in the discussion and executive sessions to produce actionable recommendations for government leaders DoD cyberspace programs and the entire cyberspace community of practice Mr Ken Robinson Director National Defense University Foundation Board of Directors In his opening address Mr Ken Robinson set the stage for the day by highlighting the importance of identifying indicators and warnings of a cyber attack and developing collaborative solutions He posited that as a nation we are more prepared but not safer noting that attacks can occur at all levels since the perpetrators can be teenagers or nation states He also pointed out that offensive cyber attacks are not the only cyber risk faced by the nation An extraordinary natural disaster such as a super solar storm which last occurred in 1859 or the disruption of the New Madrid fault line could have devastating consequences for life and property Mr Ken Robinson Mr Robinson connected the potential calamity caused by a natural disaster to cyberspace by asserting that it should force us to evaluate continuity of operations plans and gives rise to critical questions How and in what form will we communicate What would happen if large segments of the population are denied access to the internet for extended periods of time He urged participants to think as leaders--to operate beyond a particular issue and give attention to the whole problem set Build action lists to identify and solve what we can icollege ndu edu 5 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 and anticipate what we cannot He noted that 50% of cyberspace problems are caused by largely self-inflicted internal problems based on poor standards of practices and poorly improved capability maturity models It's the other 50% that we need to identify and anticipate We have to solve a very important problem and we need to think about it over the next two days and its event recognition We need to know who did it and who paid for it Answering these questions he noted called for different approaches such as identifying standards and practices exploring the dark net harnessing artificial and general intelligence and challenging the culture of DoD The Services and industry In conclusion he asked participants to innovate and develop relevant and timely thoughts and recommendations He dared participants to be different by looking past long-held beliefs 6 Information Resources Management College About the Panel Sessions Cyber Beacon III convened thought leaders of the cyber domain from government academia and the private sector to examine critical issues in policy operations and technology Panelists were challenged to confront existing approaches and each other using a cross-discipline lens Day One sessions focused on current and emerging challenges and opportunities in cyberspace from what constitutes cyber war to the basic assumptions about defense in depth Day Two sessions examined innovation and technology and the impact on how we develop our workforce NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Session I The New Face of Conflict Dr Alex Crowther NDU Center for Technology and National Security Policy CTNSP Moderator Dr Julie Ryan Mr Joel Harding Dr Alex Crowther Dr Martin Libicki Mr Thomas Wingfield Every day brings a new round of attempts to probe our networks and to influence our personnel to inadvertently open pathways for intrusions into our systems Some say that this constant engagement by adversaries both nation state and non-state actors is tantamount to war Others maintain that it is espionage What constitutes actual cyber war And given the implications and possible mutually assured impact do we really think we will one day find ourselves in the midst of a full-blown war in cyberspace Mr Thomas Wingfield Professor NDU Information Resources Management College Mr Wingfield began his remarks by asserting that law applies in cyberspace and the law of armed conflict applies in cyberspace He then offered three key points to frame discussion on the topic First he noted that cyberspace law is not a monolithic body of law that can be reduced to a simple test of whether or not an event or action is legal or not Rather cyber law can be categorized into three bodies of law each providing three different perspectives including 1 Law Enforcement criminal law 2 Intelligence icollege ndu edu 7 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Collection and 3 Military Operations His second point examined the question of how do we know when we are at war legally According to Mr Wingfield although there is no ambiguity at the occurrence of a 9 11-type event as it pertains to law there is no such thing as an act of war only a use of force which is to be measured along a continuum Lowerlevel military actions such as threats and demonstrations may be unlawful but do not permit an armed response Higherend actions such as raids or strikes are categorized as armed attacks and may draw a lawful use of military force in response the question of whether or not a cyber event rises to the level of an act of war has been a constant However he posited that this is the wrong question to ask since it conflates a conclusion with a decision He explained that an act of war is a decision not a conclusion because of responsibility and consequences Countries must be prepared to deal with the real consequences that will arise from their decision to regard a cyber event as an act of war As such questions of what is an act of war can be more appropriately reduced to an assessment of whether or not it is in the best interest of a country or organization to decide a cyber action is an act of war Leaders need to understand this range and especially to know the tests we apply to distinguish a mere use of force from a true armed attack Mr Wingfield's third point explored the application of a two-part special legal test to understand the nature of a cyber conflict The first part of the assessment is called a Schmitt Analysis test This test makes qualitative judgment of whether an action is criminal political diplomatic or military If it is judged to be military action then a quantitative test is used to identify the scale and effect of the force and damage done in cyberspace Dr Martin Libicki RAND Dr Libicki noted that throughout his career 8 Information Resources Management College Dr Martin Libicki Mr Thomas Wingfield Dr Libicki offered the example of the 9 11 attacks to illustrate his point He noted that several factors converged to prompt the United States government to decide 9 11 was an act of war namely the heinous nature of the attack what is the best interest of the country and the political support of NATO allies According to Dr Libicki politics and the ability to persuade others e g other countries or internal stakeholders of your NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C point of view of government must be part of the analysis A cyber attack of the magnitude of a 9 11 or Hurricane Katrina would require similar analysis-- is it in the country's interest to decide that the attack as act of war How will the country respond to the act of war Who notably which countries does government need to bring along to support this decision And will these entities agree that the magnitude of the chosen response is merited Dr Libicki added to his analysis by noting that in addition to the law other constraints that countries face in determining what is an act of war include money efficacy manpower and what precedent will be set by the decision In conclusion he contended that all of these constraints must be evaluated as part of a decision that ultimately leads to responsibility Thus an act of war is a question of volition and one of responsibility it is not a conclusion Mr Joel Harding Cybersecurity Consultant Mr Joel Harding shared personal experiences working in the international cyber area to highlight critical differences in how Russia and China approach cyberspace cyberwar and military operations compared to the United States and other ally countries Mr Harding discussed how cultural norms may have shaped the Chinese response to the Mandiant report which implicated People's Liberation Army Unit 61398 of espionage In his discussion on Russia Mr Harding covered key differences in Russian conception of Information Warfare and Information Operations and traced the details of the Russian attack in Estonia and the Ukraine According to Mr Harding the Russian attack on the Ukraine was the first true open source example of cyberwarfare Mr Harding also noted that Shanghai Cooperative Organization Russia China Kurdistan and other Asian countries reserved the right to shut down the internet in times of state crisis to protect the state a position that is markedly different from the approach of the United States government Dr Julie Ryan Professor George Washington University Now with the NDU Information Resources Management College Dr Julie Ryan grounded her comments on the new face of warfare by positing that while it is clear we are currently in conflict determining if a cyber action amounts to a war a crime or espionage could be a political decision She noted that in non-cyber conflict the process of categorizing an action is key to anticipating a structural response However for cyber conflict a structural response is lacking because of many different factors Some of these factors include lack of focus on cyber security requirements in all phases of software and systems engineering a lack of understanding about cyber security and cryptography by those entrusted with custodial care for sensitive information and on the country level a void in who is thinking about strategy and icollege ndu edu 9 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 logistics for cyberspace Dr Ryan emphasized that the country faced similar challenges during the rise of air power and the threat of submarines in World War II In both instances the country needed to marshal new techniques and methods as well as mathematical and technical skills to overcome our adversaries The same is true of cyber threats This is not a computer science problem This is a systems engineering problem This is an operations research problem and until we recognize that and bring all the technical capabilities across the spectrum to bear in solving this problem the new face of warfare will be scarier than it should be she said must be segregation between them in order to avoid conflicts of interests The Tallinn Manual and the Law of Armed Conflict Mr Wingfield noted that the Tallinn Manual 1 0 provides what is the 90% agreement on cyberspace law by developed nation states with the exception of Russia and China Tallinn Manual 2 0 due out at the end of this year addresses the international law governing cyber threats below the threshold of military action Mr Wingfield argued against the prevalent view that that law can't keep up with technology According to him regulations have trouble keeping up technology But law properly phrased as clear principles that are agreed upon has no problem adjusting from land warfare to naval warfare from naval warfare up to air warfare and now to cyberspace Dr Libicki offered an alternative perspective to the Tallinn model by proposing that the Law of Armed Conflict which underpins the Tallinn Manual has less to say about cyber than people thought His summary of the law of armed conflict is that it applies in Dr Julie Ryan two instances 'things get broken' or 'when people are hurt ' According to him these two Panelists generally agreed that aspects of thresholds have been rarely reached in cyber the Special Operations Forces SOF culture conflict The exception being Stuxnet and the could provide useful modeling for the cyber putatively Russian attack on a German blast community Culture is the problem to be solved SOF has stability cyber needs stability furnace which could be categorized as 'things However as Dr Ryan pointed out while each get broken' According to him cyber conflict unit of Intelligence Operations and Law En- is primarily about economic loss and the law forcement is important in its own right there of armed conflict deals poorly with economic loss 10 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C His second point was that the law of armed conflict does not provide the necessary distinction between various forms of warfare According to him distinction should be made between cyber and kinetic warfare to prevent countries from using kinetic warfare as a response to cyber damage Mr Wingfield stated that the law requires no correlation between the type of attack and the type of response the victim may choose the most effective means of response However he pointed that there are constraints on damage and use of force Victims are only permitted to use a proportionate level of force to prevent or stop an attack and no more Additionally certain types of weapons are prohibited e g chemical biological transparent projectiles small exploding projectiles and blinding lasers Questions or Comments for ADM Rogers When asked what comments or questions they would pose to ADM Rogers panel suggestions fell into two general categories shaping the cyber workforce and shifting organizational culture The Cyber Workforce o Panel members advocated for cyber education for different segments of the population including one-days-worth of cyber law for strategic leaders and a requirement that all high school students complete a comprehensive class on basic cyber hygiene o Panelists also offered ideas about recruiting cyber warriors Mr Harding noted that disabled veterans possessed skills and expertise which could be valuable assets in combating cyber adversaries In particular he urged DoD to hire veterans to leverage their intelligence-gathering skills o What are the career problems with a cyberspace career definition in USG - DOD Where do you place cyberspace workers How do you hire them What do you overlook in recruits physical education etc Do you want a whole of nation approach Shifting Organizational Culture o Increase emphasis on accountability Cyberspace is everybody's business and cybersecurity it is not optional Everyone from the mailroom to the board room needs to be responsible for cybersecurity o Corporations own the internet backbone and thus have power over our lives How do we address the situation if private companies wage war on United States government o Data sharing laws need to be passed by Congress o Recognize and leverage the contributions of other agencies on cyberspace The U S Treasury has a great deal of power and played a major role in getting China to reduce its cyberspace operations o People wetware are the weakest point of the problem We should not have to rely on unskilled workers or educating teenagers to keep our networks safe We need to account for the human weakness factor and really focus on building the security into hardware o Increase network and sensors to get legally relevant data to come in so we can quickly make decisions Over the next 3-5 years we will face something even more difficult Artificial Intelligence AI is more difficult We need to think through what we need to teach our AI autonomous agents--what can be built in our information systems to enable it to work correctly and reliably at cyber speed icollege ndu edu 11 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Session II Balance Security and Mission Effectiveness Chancellor Jan Hamby NDU Information Resources Management College Moderator RDML Danelle Barrett Mr Gregory Touhill Chancellor Jan Hamby BG Maria Barrett CAPT BryerJoyner Network security brings with it inconveniences and restrictions on the ability to share information across the network and to conduct business and military operations It also brings a challenge for DoD and the interagency to put the right people on the task - people who have the level of expertise required and the strategic view to understand where mission effectiveness must trump security compliance standards Should private network security firms with higher technical prowess play a larger role Should basic assumptions about defense in depth be challenged by new ideas about resilience and recovery Where does the commander stand in this mix and does he or she understand the tension between security of data and execution of the mission 12 Information Resources Management College Chancellor Jan Hamby opened the Panel II discussion by stating that balancing security and mission effectiveness is a persistent challenge that has faced network operators and commanders alike Despite its tenacity this problem requires continued attention and fresh insight She invited panelists to engage in a discussion about what does and does not work when faced with the common choice to tighten security and decrease effectiveness or loosen security and increase effectiveness In the ensuing discussion panelists advanced the follow Panel members agreed that managing cybersecurity was fundamentally about managing risk NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Captain Susan BryerJoyner USA Hopper Information Services Center CAPT BryerJoyner framed her response by recounting an experience managing what appeared to be a CCMD network hack During that event staff had to make critical decisions evaluating the risk and impact on the mission of shutting down or quarantining the network She noted that mission owners typically make decisions based on their own mission without understanding the impact on others However mission owners need to understand the impact of adding a security issue to the decision Mr Gregory Touhill Office of Personnel Management breach is to take risk management issues seriously Sharing an example from his own career he recalled how a Commanding Officer had to make an unpopular decision not to open up additional ports on the network so employees could access social media This decision was made after a risk assessment showed there were credible threats to the mission The Commanding Officer stood by the decision and sent a message to employees explaining why it was not possible to open ports and why other actions were necessary to harden the network against attacks Brigadier General Maria Barrett USA U S Cyber Command Brigadier General Ret Department of Homeland Security Mr Touhill affirmed that cybersecurity is not a technology issue but a risk management problem which should be managed with three guiding principles 1 Manage risks 2 Manage risk make the decision about risk at appropriate level BG Maria Barrett BG Maria Barrett USA U S Cyber Command cautioned that as networks improve so will our adversary To mitigate Accordingly he advocated for moving risk against this leaders must continuously decisions out of the Server Room and into reexamine the risk management framework the Board Room where it belongs He noted to ensure deterrence Additionally she noted that one of the key lessons learned from the leaders need to understand how to defend 3 Constantly renew review and audit risk posture icollege ndu edu 13 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 against the threats even if risk decisions are made in the Board Room This must be a collaborative process to ensure that board room decision makers can understand implications This collaborative education is especially important for cyberspace because we are familiar with physical world but not familiar with cyberspace second and third order effects by operational commanders before there is a crisis Other panel members added to these points by calling for more realistic unplugged and manual exercises which could significantly change calculations of risk CAPT BryerJoyner discussed efforts by the United States Navy to include exercise Panelists underscored the importance training objectives to ensure its personnel of consistent reassessment of risk using qualitative quantitative and hybrid measures are trained to accomplish the mission despite degraded external connectivity or Risk needs to be well defined consistent and information systems She also noted that propagated throughout the organization for current examples of network breaches that shared understanding targeted government systems e g OPM and Joint Staff have heightened awareness Mr Touhill noted that government must about cybersecurity where past private sector pay more attention on requirements for examples e g Sony were discounted third party vendors which the government is heavily reliant on for internet and Panelists identified critical challenges facing communications More private companies the Department of Defense and the private must be required to complete audits Private sector in balancing security and network companies as provider of the DoD internet communication backbone need to strengthen security Some of the highlighted challenges included the current culture of incorrect beyond minimum requirements mindset about the nature of cyber weapons low accountability for cyber infractions Rear Admiral Danelle Barrett and low funding and prioritization of USN U S Cyber Command cybersecurity and system upkeep The following section summarizes these concerns RDML Danelle Barrett USN U S Cyber as well as the suggestions and insight for how Command expanded the discussion from these challenges can be addressed risk management to resiliency planning by questioning how long defense organizations 1 RDML Danelle Barrett noted that when from all sectors and services could survive people are at home they are more careful without a working network After pointing when clicking on links However at work out the obvious reliance on the network in the same people are not so concerned each of her examples shared she called for As a result she advocated for promoting more deliberate planning and examination of 14 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C ownership of systems and making personnel accountable for their actions 2 CAPT BryerJoyner identified a major problem in current thought that the communications backbone is secure Accordingly she advocated that these communication systems be considered military weapons systems and be made more secure 3 Mr Touhill noted that cyber infractions by personnel must be treated with more seriousness and accountability--not just with a wrist slap Adding to this idea he noted that compliance does not bring about best practices but best practices ensures compliance According to him what is needed is a cultural change in the Department shifting from a checklist mentality to identifying real concerns and changing mindset Mr Gregory Touhill In addition to poor cybersecurity practices panel members attributed persistent issues with cybersecurity to systemic underfunding and low prioritization of DoD initiatives e g Joint Information Environment JIE and Department of Defense Cybersecurity Culture and Compliance Initiative DC3I BG Maria Barrett recounted a personal experience working with outdated security mechanism to underscore that even basic recommendation and widely understood best practices can take years to be implemented CAPT Susan BryerJoyner noted that part of the problem is that commanders are not educated As such a critical part of the solution is education Intelligence reports must be tailored to each commander so he she understands the risk threats to his her particular system s RDML Danelle Barrett discussed the critical need to set aside funds in separate budgets or line items for cyberspace movement and upgrades If risk increases we need to increase the upgrades In response to an audience question about creating spaces for experimentation and innovation panelists acknowledged that these types of programs were needed throughout the federal government RDML Danelle Barrett offered the example of OSD bug bounty and other open source communities as indicators that innovation was valued in government However she cautioned that military culture typically isolates innovation in experimental spaces or innovation group icollege ndu edu 15 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 versus integrating innovation within and across the organization Mr Touhill noted that while he is firm believer in innovation he has observed instances where innovation have shown results and promise for solving an issue but fell under the funding line As an alternative he advocated for building innovative teams modeled on best practices from the private sector Other tips to engender innovation in younger staff and throughout the government included 1 Provide an environment to innovate-- provide a safe area to red team before they go out on mission 2 Do not self-limit--we need to fix resources address polices to allow ideas to bubble up Need to prioritize innovation and workable ideas 3 Partner with other services other units-- Aberdeen proving ground that have room to innovate 4 Teach innovation to the younger generation so they can do innovative work at work 5 Improve the officer corps' and ability of 16 Information Resources Management College seniors to innovate and implement Allow people opportunity to fail 6 Focus on best practices for addressing cybersecurity risk rather than long compliance checklists Questions or Comments for Secretary of Defense Ash Carter When asked what comments or questions they would pose to Secretary Carter panelists noted the following 1 Clarify the role of Office of the Secretary of Defense OSD or Cyber Command CYBERCOM in helping private companies respond to a cyberattack What are the liability policy and legal implications for assisting the private sector 2 Foster a team approach for innovation lots of innovation goes on outside Silicon Valley 3 Improve the acquisition guide and process--focus in securing attributes --do not buy great systems with a huge hole in the acquisition 4 When will the Department dedicate resources to solving the security problem NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Keynote Admiral Michael S Rogers U S Cyber Command and Director National Security Agency Chief Central Security Service ADM Michael Rogers framed his first day closing keynote address from his perspective as the Commander of Cyber Command on the foundational question of how do we create the future He noted that although this focus is relatively new to Cyber Command it is part of a long-term focus for the department to execute its mission As the operational commander his mission is to assure command-and-control and ensure that networks are operating efficiently and effectively without data compromise In the past this mission was primarily fulfilled by assessing and securing the network Current and future challenges require looking beyond network to weapon systems platform and data integrity ADM Rogers shared that in considering the future the following challenges held much of his focus 1 The increasing number of non-state actors in cyberspace and the inevitable rise of ISIL-led attacks in cyberspace 2 Attacks on data integrity Most penetrations to date have focused on icollege ndu edu 17 DAY 1 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 surveillance reconnaissance and data extractions etc If data is compromised what are the implications for global finance and other key sectors that depend on trust in data What are the implications for society 3 Whether the appropriate authorities policies laws and rules of engagement about cyberspace are in place to allow leaders to maneuver and execute effectively like the physical world States government ADM Rogers noted that there is already broad strategy in place with multiple parties e g White House and Department of Defense responsible for different aspects of the plan The key challenge to him is to answer critical questions to operationalize the strategy including what are the steps needed to make strategy real Who is responsible for what What are timelines Who is accountable ADM Rogers noted that the second DoD cyberspace strategy released in April 2015 4 Prioritizing how to accomplish the mission and identifying mission set - who intentionally included for the first time in an unclassified document reference what and how and executing win - win to deterrence and offensive application of partnerships cyberspace capabilities According to him ADM Rogers noted that Cyberspace is the like other mission sets and domains some ultimate team sport--it depends on other degree of public dialog of cyber capabilities team members across government as well must be included to deter other nations as industry academia and our allies and and groups As the Director of the National partners Accordingly he emphasized the Security Agency he fully acknowledges the need to go beyond DoD to collaborate and tensions and dangers of revealing too much collectively act to ensure mission success In to adaptive adversaries However he believes response to a question on whether current deterrence can be achieved when specific restrictions on hiring non-US citizens actions towards designated adversaries for work against efforts to diversify the cyber specific breaches is traceable to identified workforce ADM Rogers clarified that this capabilities and the grand strategy prohibition was not universally applied across the federal government Federal agencies ADM Rogers responded to several questions employ a range of hiring requirements to related to the cyber mission force by sharing recruit and retain the workforce He also that CYBERCOM is building out testing and reiterated that there are many ways to create assessing the results of the teams toward the partnerships which includes identifying goal of a fully operational force by September different talents and expertise across 2018 He noted that out of necessity teams organizations are being deployed before their training is fully complete This strategy is unusual from In response to a question of who owns the other military operations and is not without a grand strategy for cyberspace in the United cost to the organization 18 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C He acknowledged that he cannot compete with the private sector on pay or benefits Thus his emphasis is on culture mission and ethos to recruit and retain the team Junior staff on the Cyber mission force are able to take on significant responsibilities and act on issues in ways unmatched in the private sector This is especially critical to mitigate disillusionment and attrition that often occurs if workers especially civilians are unable to use their training and skills infrastructure and the inevitable attack Another area of concern is when non-state actors change their focus from data extraction to data manipulation When asked what keeps you awake and what lets you sleep ADM Rogers shared that his chief concern was for U S critical icollege ndu edu 19 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Keynote Ms Letitia Long Chairman of the Board Intelligence and National Security Alliance INSA In her opening keynote address Ms Letitia Long explored conference themes of Innovation at Risk and Workforce of the Future Man or Machine by sharing lessons gleaned from her career as an information leader and recognized government innovator In particular she focused on events that occurred early in her tenure at NGA to illustrate conditions which promote and support innovation She shared that at the onset of her directorship she found NGA in a very good place The agency had been well run by her predecessors and was focused on its combat sup20 Information Resources Management College port mission She looked forward to keeping the agency on track and saw no mandate for change However after spending the first 90 days visiting with employees and customers she discovered that both groups shared similar frustrations with navigating NGA to find information and gain access to data To address this dissatisfaction she led a vision for agency-wide innovation centered on putting the power of geospatial intelligence in the hands of the customer Ms Long noted that undergirding this vision were two simple NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C goals that everyone could remember and get behind 1 Provide online on-demand access to information and 2 Deepen and broaden analytic expertise However as she recalled the initial message was surprisingly not well received by employees or customers Employees believed that the initiative was really about reducing the workforce and they were working themselves out of a job On the other hand customers felt that the NGA might inappropriately shift work to them To regroup from this initial feedback Ms Long invited ideas from all segments of the agency on the future vision This second attempt yielded a widely supported idea for an agency wide contest Ultimately the contest was the means for over 500 people including NGA employees as well as industry and FVEY intelligence partners working across the globe in over 25 self-organized teams to contribute innovative ideas to shape the future vision of NGA failures as well as successes Invest in developing leaders Ms Long noted that NGA's Leadership Development program was core to innovation at the agency and a lasting part of her legacy She stated that NGA increased investment in leader development even in the midst of declines to agency funding Seventeen 17 leader attributes were identified for the entire workforce However for senior leaders the focus was on five motivating others peer relations timely decision making integrity and trust and courage These attributes were infused into the organizational culture and used across the spectrum of decision-making including in recruitment defining position descriptions selecting war college attendees promotions and succession planning The agency also encouraged and invested in lifelong learning Ms Long explored the workforce of the fuMs Long used this experience to lay out key ture - man and machine by focusing pritenents about innovation marily on the fundamental skills needed by future workers According to her the soft Innovation starts at the top skills of critical thinking structured analysis Ms Long noted that the central message that and communication are just as important as she took away from this experience is the imhaving technical expertise These basic skills portance of leadership and leaders throughunderpin why technology and or artificial out the organization and leadership can't be intelligence cannot replace the human in delegated Leadership skills and innovation the loop She noted that present and future must be promoted throughout the organizademands require leaders with the ability to tion at all levels think critically and have strong writing and Create an environment where all are free to research skills Additionally constant changes to the threat environment require a person in take risks the loop to understand and effectively comPromote an understanding that there will municate information at all levels be some failures and that's okay Celebrate icollege ndu edu 21 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Ms Long noted that there are currently 500 000 unfilled cyber-related jobs with projected increases to over 1 million in 2020 According to her some of the reasons for this gap include lack of awareness exposure to cyber careers in US schools and a gender gap in cyber-related fields She advanced the following strategies to address the shortfall 1 Encourage early exposure to STEM and cyber opportunities For girls in middle school where the drop-off in STEM confidence is greatest reinforce that it is cool to be a geek encourage participation and show role models of other women in STEM fields 2 Advocate for equipping classrooms K-12 with technology 3 Invest in personal organizations and networks 4 Call on Congress to fund comprehensive K-12 Computer Science education 22 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Session III Innovation at Risk Mr Christopher Zember Director Center for Technology and National Security Policy CTNSP Panel Moderator Mr Terry Halvorsen Mr Mark Thompson Mr Christopher Zember Dr Camron Gorguinpour Mr Jere Simpson Resource requirements for sustaining the operations and security of our technologybased systems typically exceed the amount provided for in organizational budgets As a result innovative ideas and efforts are routinely sacrificed in order to 'keep the lights turned on' Can we balance the need to maintain operations under a constrained budget while providing an opportunity for creative initiatives and adoption of new technologies that could be the key to future success Mr Zember began the panel by raising what he believed to be values of National Defense University NDU that were salient to the discussion on innovation and solutions focused on national security problems In particular he noted that NDU provides faculty staff and students the intellectual time space and freedom to act think and do differently and speak truthfully According to Mr Zember this type of environment is especially critical in times of constrained budgets and resources Mr Zember also advocated for a broader definition of innovation that expands beyond technology icollege ndu edu 23 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 to improving operations business processes human capital and organizational culture According to him the true challenge is not just coming up with ideas but innovating at scale--incorporating ideas into operations and scaling them back into the organization Mr Terry Halvorsen Chief Information Officer U S Department of Defense Mr Halvorsen began his remarks by offering a hypothetical scenario to illustrate how innovation in the Department of Defense is often limited by the perceptions of what is and is not permissible He stated that the true limits of innovation in DoD is not with current laws or rules but in DoD culture based on current thinking and perception of risk as well as the inability of the department to leverage its influence According to Mr Halvorsen advancing innovation throughout the department is less about technology and more about cultural change In particular he stressed the need for the department to reconsider how technology is bought applied and used enterprise perspective of DoD as the largest logistics company in the world the second biggest food distributor with an information technology and cyber budget topping $38 Billion According to him the Department can influence the market without having to be the exclusive source of innovation Until the 1960s DoD was probably the leading innovator in technical area However although we are no longer leading in innovation because of its sheer size and scope the Department has the power to be a major influencer of innovation However he notes we don't use our buying power as well as we should That takes cultural change Mr Halvorsen noted that in addition to DoD's influence in innovation he is pursuing innovation as a collaborative venture with DoD partners In recent weeks he will convene a trip to Silicon Valley where he will be accompanied by DoD strategic partners including NATO Japan New Zealand Australia United Kingdom and Canada Together the group amounts to 60% of the world economy That sends a strong message to industry Additionally he used the recent decision to discontinue of the Common Access Card CAC to highlight According to Mr Halvorsen leaders in how innovation can be spurred through work operations and acquisition have to begin with partners In addition to the cards not thinking differently to innovate He urged operators to ban the word requirements and being sustainable or always usable in every shift to thinking about capabilities Likewise environment war time the United States is the only FVEY nation using CAC extensively he urged leaders in the acquisition field to Instead when the US agreed to discontinue view regulations as guidelines that can and the CAC coalition members all agreed to should be changed as needed common identity standards and management approaches that will safeguard the network Mr Halvorsen's second point promoted an 24 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C and allow shared information among members of our coalition He also advocated for spending more time with industry According to Mr Halvorsen law is not preventing time with industry Rather it is our interpretation and failure to lean forward in dialogue with industry that is preventing collaboration He pointed to Information Technology Exchange Program ITEP as a recent example of successful work with industry According to him this year individuals from industry are now imbedded in the DoD and for the first time civilians are now in industry military have always been immersed in industry Lastly he ended with an admonition to leaders on the importance of reading the law and gaining an understanding of what is law and what isn't Mr Mark Thompson Cyber Technology Executive Mr Thompson offered an industry perspective on innovation by noting that we are presently living through some of the most exciting and creative times in the cyber-security industry According to him the cyber market is in a very dynamic and frothy period of time The market is at the same time both consolidating--in terms of companies being acquired and growing--in terms of the amount of money companies and governments are investing in cyber-security technologies This in turn has led to peculiar challenges for investors business owners and governments For example on the technical side the last three years have produced rapid advancements particularly through innovations in the fields of machine learning and artificial intelligence While many of these technologies are relatively young on the maturity curve customers are experiencing much greater levels of protection from them and are as a result driving very robust demand for these technologies But all sectors of the cyber technology sector are not experiencing break-neck growth In the market for threat intelligence-- companies that promise to provide you with deep insight into the cyber attack the actual number of threat intelligence companies has far outstripped the demand for this type technology As a result this sector has experienced consolidation and some high profile business exits in an otherwise overall booming market for cyber security technologies This is a healthy and natural market development as customers have aggressively shifted their investments from threat intelligence technologies to security technologies that actually prevent the attack from occurring This is a big and positive development for consumers businesses and governments a like as customers no longer want to simply know how they're being attacked they want their security technologies to prevent the attack from occurring At the same time there is robust business and government demand for cyber-security technologies investors and venture capital funds are at the point of their investment cycle where their portfolios are engorged with an abundance of cyber tech investments So icollege ndu edu 25 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 naturally it has gotten significantly more challenging for a new cyber technology company to attract outside investment Put another way a startup company has to have a very special technology idea in order to attract outsider investors This too is a natural cycle of technology investing and over the next few years we're likely to see cyber-security tech companies rush to premature consolidation--the tech equivalent of a shotgun wedding go public through an IPO or be purchased by larger companies acting as consolidator Evidence of these is already apparent as within the last year cyber mergers and acquisition M A has reached approximately $30 Billion an increase of roughly three times from the previous year Dr Camron Gorguinpour Director of Transformational Innovation for the United States Air Force Office of the Assistant Secretary Acquisitions Dr Gorguinpour discussed the concepts of innovation by highlighting the unique responsibility of his office to innovate around the Air Force acquisition system His ten person team takes on tasks that normal bureaucracies are unable to solve because of constraints related to executing daily business operations They create the concepts structure and understanding for others to use In addition to solve issues related the Federal Acquisitions Regulations FAR the Office of AF Transformational Innovation is tasked with finding solutions for over twenty diverse problems throughout the service Dr Gorguinpour highlighted a few examples including 26 Information Resources Management College Bending the Cost Curve initiative which is an approach tackling acquisition reform in collaboration with industry According to Dr Gorguinpour the historical method used throughout the Air Force is to reform in isolation without talking to companies He noted that the prevalent perception is that government is spending more and getting less compared to 20-30 years ago However there is no credible metric to really determine whether or not this is accurate Dr Gorguinpour noted that what we do know is that the Department moves too slow relative to the commercial industry and is likely paying more than it ought if innovative business concepts were being used Additionally we tend to look over narrow time bands e g 4-5 years in the future for Program Objective Memorandum POM submissions and a few years back when what is needed is longitudinal analysis which takes into account cost trends that span decades Cognitive computing uses artificial intelligence to create a computing tool IBM Watson and another platform to assist leaders in navigating bureaucracy laws rules and regulations related to the FAR process The Office of AF Transformational Innovation collaborated with two small businesses to develop beta-versions of the tool which is expected to be available at the end of 2016 Modular Open System Acquisition MOSA is a business model for acquisition that is not based on the FAR MOSA projects leverage other transaction authorities NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C which allow prototype systems to not be constrained by FAR rules and regulations to construct a business case applicable to a prototype instance The MOSA projects uses simulations and virtual space to allow vendor to plug in to demonstrate interoperability and test capability The system is designed to evaluate and make an award within three weeks The system currently has $5 million in projects with $4 million additionally planned for the FY 16-17 Facebook and has been involved with many other prominent technology startups In addition to Sean's story Mr Simpson shared how his own ideas were initially overlooked only to be proven as successful and lucrative ventures in the private sector According to him these early examples of rejection and missed opportunities have shaped how he approaches innovation and innovative individuals Kitewire Inc his current business is designed to organically design systems so Mr Jere Simpson that innovators and innovation can rise to the Kitewire Inc top Kitewire provides a bank of innovation hours to all employees instead of assigning Mr Simpson began his remarks by sharing innovation to a particular group Employees how two experiences that occurred early may use the hours however they wish in his life shape his belief and professional Innovation hours can be banked for a large practices on innovation His first story chronicled how a preeminent defense research project used by an individual or team or donated to others Innovations are presented and development agency failed to identify annually to the president of the company The innovation and talent in Sean Parker who is widely credited as the driving force for digital rewards for innovation include autonomy sabbaticals fast track career etc music and media He recounted that he and Sean Parker met at a special government Mr Simpson's commitment to innovative program meant to recruit young talent Mr talent is reflected in his hiring practices Simpson had circumvented the rules by untruthfully increasing his age from 15 to 18 Kitewire hires autistic adults with highly technical skills and persons with in order to qualify for the program While underdeveloped social or professional there he met Sean Parker another underage student who was eager to share his cloud-like competencies According to him architecture model to government leadership organizations must figure out how to put a system in place to organically identify After trying unsuccessfully to promote innovation since the true source value is his ideas within Federal government a disillusioned Sean left the agency to strike out not the technology itself but the people on his own Sean created Napster music using behind the technology Mr Simpson gave the same basic model that was overlooked by the example of an innovative but sociallychallenged employee to underscore the government served as the first president of icollege ndu edu 27 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 importance of tapping into what motivates employees pairing up individuals with different strengths and modeling similar organizations that exemplify excellence and do things well Panel Themes One of the prominent themes of the panel involved the role of Silicon Valley in supporting or inspiring innovation in the government especially the Department of Defense Panelists explained that although there is widespread interest in forging partnerships with Silicon Valley companies Silicon Valley represents an ideal or concept rather than the sole source for innovative practices Silicon Valley and industry in general provides diversity of thought and allows for engagement in broad conversations with different organizations Panel members agreed that these conversations helps everyone organizations and people alike to foster innovation According to Mr Thompson the private sector provides government with a model for thinking about innovation since a main focus for private industry is on the customer-- identifying customer problems and getting them to buy your solution Mr Halvorsen answering a related audience question challenged the notion that competition and contests innovation incentives often found in industry could not be leveraged in the Department of Defense According to him the Department needs to implement diverse tools and options where it makes sense based on the need and desired outcomes He also advocated for government to learn from industry and to understand motivators at the individual and the corporate levels Other panelists offered examples of innovation found throughout government including the America COMPETES act and reauthorization DARPA and various agency prize competitions 28 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Session IV Workplace of the Future Man or Machine Captain Angie Holcombe Walker USN Director Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL NDU Panel Moderator Cathryn Downes Dr Kathryn Hume CAPT Angie Walker Dr Tod Levitt Dr Jeff McNeil Dr Eric Daimler The increasing presence of artificial intelligence and machine assisted technology in the workplace carries with it an impact on how we develop our workforce If machines are doing the majority of the work will the role of workers as the human in the loop drive a need for greater judgment and critical thinking And what about the understanding of fundamental concepts Do we still need to teach basic skills Dr Cathryn Downes Professor NDU Information Resources Management College Dr Downes opened her remarks with a categorization of Artificial Intelligence AI into three strands of technological evolution Automation Humanoid Robots and Transhumans Manufacturing Automation catalyzed by the coincidence of technology advances in software applications capable of transactional processing and complementing business process improvement practices is characterized by the replacement of humans icollege ndu edu 29 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 with increasingly automated intelligent software hardware systems Humanoid robots are machines equipped with humanoid and beyond capabilities e g increased intelligence strength and environmental tolerances Transhumanism describes human beings augmented with machinelike capabilities of memory sensing storage strength It also captures the transition from humans wearing mobile devices to the physical incorporation of sensors and processing capabilities with contentious ethical policy issues She advocated for a greater urgency in identifying working and gaining consensus on national and international policy frameworks objectives and approved policies surrounding advancing research agendas uses legal frameworks etc of AI systems Dr Downes approached the implications for the civilian future workforce by first summarizing a recent study by McKinsey 2015- 2017 This study posited that jobs that have been substantially unaffected by Dr Downes pointed to the current previous industrial technology waves or were intertwining mutually-catalyzing trends in created by those waves are now vulnerable nano bio-genetic robotics and information to replacement by increasingly intelligent advances that are generating exponential rates automated systems Based on these trends and scales of changes in human capabilities Dr Downes has concluded referencing the work of the key researcher and thought-leader Dr Ray Kurzweil Each o Universities are currently preparing stutrend is linked and has an impact on the dents for jobs that are increasingly at risk other trends such that advances in one area for elimination and are less vested in precan lead to rapid change in one or more of the paring students to be able to continuously others Dr Downes reflected that these rapid adapt and learn changes have implications for multiple areas o Greater research is needed in foreshadowincluding policy the civilian workforce the ing jobs of the future to guide both the development of autonomous weapons and evolution of higher education institutions military workforce With regard to policy and students in assuming responsibility for Dr Downes noted that the distance and time their own career selection and strategies between science fiction and fact is narrowing for employment quickly Failure to recognize the effects of technology advances occurring at exponential rather than linear rates of progress can lead to Lastly Dr Downes explored the positive inaccurate predictive assessment of how long and negative implications for AI across the it will take for breakthroughs to occur and workforce and also in terms of the application therefore how long a time period is available of artificial intelligence to the next evolutions for policy formulation and consensus to of autonomous weapons systems be achieved This is particularly the case 30 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Positive workforce As such she focused her remarks 1 Reduce the requirement for expensive less on near-term civil liability issues that must be predictable restrictive human workforce overcome 2 Reduce the requirement to expose human beings to dangerous situations and conditions Dr Hume explained that most popular accounts of machine learning we read about in the press fall under the subdomain of supervised learning and unsupervised 3 Support enable human thinking reasoning knowledge access and decision- learning finding patterns in data is an active area of research In supervised learning making humans are a key part of the process to train 4 Improve response times to time-critical and supervise the work of the machine situations According to her there are many human factor judgement implications that must be Negative addressed before AI can be adopted in most 1 Some decision-making cycles particularly fields She noted that many activities that in military operations can be reduced seem appropriate for machines to administer to seconds rather than hours or days are constrained by social and regulatory reducing the time available for derequirements According to her even the escalation options process for training machines to perform classifications which machine learning can 2 Vulnerability to hacking hijacking and do very well can have the potential for gender forced employment for illegal purposes bias A reality of using humans to train Dr Kathryn Hume machines is that machines will be trained Fast Forward Labs based on human biases These biases will be adopted and perpetuated by the machine Dr Hume began her remarks by noting that Additionally current AI systems lack the she considered the audience to be educators ability to interpret and make judgement who are responsible for teaching others how to engage with computers in the future Her recommendation is to analyze the do According to her the dominant rhetoric e g pattern matching based on previously about AI typically falls into two camps those taught parameters aspects of a jobs and that believe that jobs will be replaced by AI in assign those to AI Interpretation and the next ten years and those who believe that analysis should be left to humans As AI is unknown and the jobs and skills needed an example she lifted the potential for to address it are also unknown According collaboration between an AI and human to her both camps offer flawed unrealistic in the legal field An AI system could be perspectives on AI and its impact on the trained over time to help a legal assistant find icollege ndu edu 31 DAY 2 CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 a pattern s in document discovery that the human would be responsible for interpreting 1 Can the AI interact in a natural way that humans understand In discussing implications of AI in the future Dr Hume advocated for significant changes to current educational models In particular she noted that students need knowledge of 2 Can the system learn during operations 1 Liberal arts education noting that liberal arts education may become more important than STEM as computers increasingly automate technical jobs 2 Higher math and basic statistics to work with AI 3 Knowledge of models and how to test them - the scientific method and how to test it According to Dr Levitt current systems are far from meeting these important benchmarks although advances are being made Dr Levitt also discussed the critical need to identify new methods to test evaluate and identify trustworthiness As he explained the factors of trustworthiness include the ability of the AI to explain its actions while performing them deal with threats that are not pre-programmed i e have use common sense and know its performance boundaries i e it knows the limits of its competencies 4 Probabilistic decision making down to the high school level Dr Jeff McNeil 5 Critical thinking--teaching students to read primary sources Learning CASL USMCR NDU Center for Applied Strategic Dr Jeff McNeil raised critical questions about AI systems based on his current and previous Dr Tod Levitt research In particular he noted a previous George Mason University assessment of AI systems and their potential ability to predict the intentions or actions Dr Levitt noted that the future of Artificial of adversaries Similarly what factors need Intelligence was tied to the future of the to go into a predictive model how can it be Department of Defense 3rd offset strategy In automated And what are its implications particular the emphasis on autonomy and According to Dr McNeil the fear behind human machine teaming are core capabilities autonomy is that we'll create an autonomous for critical application and training Dr Levitt system that will go off in unexpected raised two primary questions to capture the ways through emergent behavior Dr end goal characteristic of AI systems McNeil concluded that the future of AI in the workforce is primarily an issue of trust defined by two critical questions 32 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C 1 Are we willing to accept an AI system going off script 2 Could you take orders from a machine Dr Eric Daimler White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Dr Eric Daimler noted that many of the fears and concerns about AI systems are largely myths perpetuated by Hollywood According to him AI systems do not spontaneously learn new content or make huge advances in capabilities However he agreed with previous panelists that autonomous systems have the potential for perpetuating biases He noted that while they are legitimate concerns that the AI will impact the workplace history has shown that technological advances not only eliminate jobs but expand and transform the job market According to him since we don't know how jobs will be transformed the workforce must 1 Encourage lifelong learning- to teach how to be newbies regularly because the halflife of jobs is 3-5 years 2 Teach students workers how to deal with ambiguity and to persevere In closing he offered a new definition of robots as anything that can sense plan and learn from its own experience According to him this includes everything from a home thermostat to more advanced forms of AI systems Given the ubiquity of these systems Dr Daimler predicts that instead of a dystopian or a utopian transformation the future will change slowly based on the daytoday evolution of robots Q A In the question and answer session panelists articulated a commitment to the promise of education in shaping the future of AI and the workplace When asked how to teach and educate beyond the scope of what is owned or known panelists provided a variety of approaches However there was general agreement that most systems cannot be secured and the future cannot be controlled As such panel members noted that students can be taught to use a different set of standards to evaluate trustworthiness of a system learn to augment processes of how we sense plan and react and learn via repeated real world gaming Similarly in answer to the question What keeps you up at night panelists focused on concerns about education with direct references to senior leader education educating the next generation helping students develop digital literacies and how to include creativity and open thinking in education The panel highlighted the utility of alternative futures analysis and wargaming Referencing the historical example of Project Solarium which took one entire National War College class circa 1953 to review and provide alternatives to the national strategy of containment Dr McNeil asked Where is the Project Solarium for our Cyber Strategy icollege ndu edu 33 DAY 2 CYBER EXECUTIVE SESSIONS BEACON CYBER III PROCEEDINGS BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 JULY 13 - 14 2016 Executive Sessions Dr Paul Shapiro National Defense University Information Resources Management College Facilitator Mr Hyong Lee National Defense University Center for Applied Strategic Learning Facilitator The Cyber Beacon III Executive Sessions used opportunities each afternoon of the conference to engage participants in small group facilitator-led exercises to explore the future of cyberspace and the implications for cyberspace policy and education Day I Reframing the debate - Identifying the indicators or conditions that would lead to future outcomes The Day 1 exercise used a scenario analysis framework to guide participants in considering the policy implications of four different alternative futures scenarios The 34 Information Resources Management College alternate futures were represented by four quadrants as depicted in Figure 1 Each quadrant is defined by two variables Handling Effects and Dominants Actors Handling Effects represented two extreme positions regarding how to handle cyber threats Deterrence Defense and Resilience Recovery Likewise the Dominant Actors category represented the positions of National Governments and Individuals Private Sector Participants were assigned to one of four quadrant groups A B C or D and tasked with exploring the characteristics and policy implications for their scenario 10 years in the future For example participants NATIONAL NATIONALDEFENSE DEFENSEUNIVERSITY UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON WASHINGTOND C D C Figure 1 Alternate Futures Scenario Analysis Exercise assigned to quadrant A examined a future in which the National Governments dominant actor operated from a posture of deterrence and defense handling effects Groups were asked to consider the dominant characteristics of this future in terms of systemic features or critical technologies and how these features may be different from technologies present today They were also asked to explore the motivations and innovations that drove events to this future and their impact on individuals governments and societies Lastly they examined the critical policy and legal issues that exposed gaps from our present system Each group presented their findings to the larger audience The exercise concluded with a collective vote from all participants on the scenario most likely to be reality in the next ten years Results of the Day One Executive Session In answer to the question Where are we heading 40% of participants voted that we are heading to reality most like Quadrant A Government States and Deterrence Defense icollege ndu edu 35 EXECUTIVE SESSIONS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Quandrant A According to participants the dominant characteristics of life in this future include deluge of data internet of everything increased connectedness with the internet as Quandrant D Quadrant D is imagined to be characterized by networks run by non-human Artificial Intelligence AI explosion of users on peer-peer networks that are self-policed to Figure 2 Day I Collective vote on the most likely future a far-reaching global blanket and increased use of Artificial Intelligence Governance and regulation in this quadrant are driven by security and the impact on society and individuals include individual losing trust in government rising cyber crime increase in societal fear and increased innovation by individuals However 56% percent of participants believe we should be heading a future most like Quadrant D Individual Private Sector and Resilience Recovery 36 Information Resources Management College avoid government oversight increase in AI personal cloaking and enhanced biometrics emphasis on insurance markets to protect against individual liability bottom up open sourced architecture and cyber communities that transcend geography Implications of these characteristics on daily societal life include communities that develop their own solutions to attacks disruptions government with less power and individual empowerment Negative potential impacts include nation states using force to resist de-centralization and cyber criminals that are harder to track NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C broadly impact the general population from early learners in grade school to leaders in Formulating For Action - Identifying threats government and industry and opportunities based on an envisioned future Day 1 Most groups indicated that diverse and tailored delivery methods should be used The Day 2 Executive Session engaged to educate target audience including case participants in an exercise to create an studies simulations-based hybrid online educational offering to positively impact the and face to face courses Three of the four futures scenario Quandrant D Individual groups targeting leaders proposed a hybrid Private Sector and Resilience Recovery that course that leveraged both online and face was selected in the Day one vote Participants to face capabilities One group that designed responded to framing questions to design the a course for government leaders and critical educational offering infrastructure providers advocated for exclusively face to face delivery 1 What is the rationale or justification for this course The learning outcomes for the two general 2 Who is the target audience for your population courses centered on developing course In other words who is your creative and responsible digital cyber users typical ideal student with emphasis on the ability of students to understand their roles and responsibilities 3 What is the delivery method for this in the digital age However each of these course e g face-to-face hybrid online courses also introduced different instructional MOOC What is the course size content One course underscored the need 4 How would you describe this course to teach students how to think and gain Write a brief course description competence in technology and business The second course noted the importance of 5 What are the expected outcomes developing shared cyber values including 6 What is the title of your course ethics integrity courtesy and safety security Day 2 Day 2 Results Participants worked in seven different small groups to design their educational offering Each group presented its design to the larger gathering Five groups identified the target audience as leaders in government industry the community or a combination of multiple sectors Two groups designed the course to Groups focused on developing leaders advocated for offerings that would educate and empower leaders to change culture instill accountability and address deficiencies of current systems These groups targeted learning outcomes that would enable students to leverage practical and strategic knowledge to understand the nature of threats define objectives and strategically respond icollege ndu edu 37 EXECUTIVE SESSIONS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Implications Exploration of the future of cyberspace often gives rise to more unanswered questions and critical challenges in need of collective action and solutions Cyber Beacon III broke from this mold by advancing specific implications for policy and practice Over the course of the conference the perspectives of panelists speakers and executive session participants converged to advocate for a future of cyberspace hallmarked by Awareness and accountability across the organization on cyber threats and critical cyber issues Informed leaders with personal knowledge of cyber issues and mature understanding of cyber strategy and logistics Organizational cultures that support holding employees from leaders to lower level staff accountable for actions which put the organization at risk Risk management frameworks that are prioritized integrated and well defined across the enterprise Cross-pollination and collaboration at every level of government and between all sectors e g government agencies services and the private sector Deliberate investment in targeted cyber education that balances technical proficiency with critical thinking and problem solving for all segments of society 38 Information Resources Management College Support for innovation in people ideas and technology Implications for Graduate Cyber Education The below student learning outcomes are drawn primarily from the Day Two executive session and represent participant recommendations of critical elements that must be included in the cyber education for senior leaders 1 Understand the current availability of tools and limitations of technology 2 Evaluate approaches to mitigate or circumvent deficiencies including consideration of doctrine legal and policy constraints and potential changes to advance 3 Understand strategic focus and how to develop and integrate grand strategies 4 Demonstrate critical thinking in proposing unique solutions to evolving cyber-related challenges 5 Understand cyber threats and vulnerabilities 6 Understand risk assessment methodology 7 Create a cyber resiliency plan 8 Develop plans to build coalitions and shared understanding in adaptive organizational networks NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Possible Topics for Future Cyber Beacon Conferences Include o Cyber Project Solarium o Cyber Resiliency Exploring Resilient Systems and Life without Cyber Capabilities o Law Enforcement in Cyberspace o Risk Management in the Cyber Context o National Cybersecurity Policy o Cyber Norms and Ethics o Cyber Sovereignty End of Cyber Beacon III Conference Summary icollege ndu edu 39 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Speaker Bios Rear Admiral Danelle Barrett USCYBERCOM Rear Admiral Danelle Barrett is the Deputy Director of Current Operations at U S Cyber Command She graduated from Boston University in 1989 with a BA in History where she received her commission from the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps in a ceremony aboard the USS Constitution Her operational assignments include tours at U S Naval Forces Central Command Fifth Fleet Commander Second Fleet Carrier Strike Group Two MultiNational Forces Iraq Carrier Strike Group Twelve which included deployments in support of Operations Enduring Freedom in Afghanistan and Unified Response in Haiti and Standing Joint Force Headquarters United States Pacific Command Shore assignments included tours at Naval Computer and Telecommunications Stations in Jacksonville Cecil Field and Puerto Rico Senior Navy Fellow at the Armed Forces Communications and Electronics Association Allied Commander Atlantic Systems Support Center Norfolk Naval Personnel Command Chief of Naval Operations Task Force Web Commanding Officer Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station Atlantic and Chief of Staff Navy Information Dominance Forces Command She holds Masters of Arts degrees in Management National Security Strategic Studies Human Resources Development and a Master's of Science in Information Management She has published 25 articles Her personal awards include Legion of Merit and other military decorations Copernicus Awards 1998 2000 and 2005 Naval Institute C4 writing award DoD Chief Information Officer Award First Place Individual Category 2006 Federal 100 Winner 2010 AFCEA Women in Leadership Award 2014 Brigadier General Maria B Barrett United States Army Cyber Command ARCYBER BG Maria B Barrett serves as the Deputy Commanding General for the Joint Force Headquarters - Cyber JFHQ-C United States Army Cyber Command ARCYBER Under the leadership of a three-star commander JFHQ-C plans coordinates integrates synchronizes directs and conducts cyberspace operations to ensure freedom of action in cyberspace and to deny the same to our adversaries in support of Combatant Commands 40 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C BG Barrett a Massachusetts native graduated from Tufts University with a Bachelor of Arts Degree in International Relations and was commissioned through the Army ROTC program as a Second Lieutenant in 1988 BG Barrett's past assignments are Deputy Commander Operations for the Cyber National Mission Force United States Cyber Command Executive Officer to the Chief Information Officer G-6 United States Army Office of the Secretary of the Army Washington DC Chief Information Officer Director J-6 United States Southern Command Doral FL Commander 160th Signal Brigade Third United States Army OPERATIONS NEW DAWN ENDURING FREEDOM Kuwait Commander 307th Integrated Theater Signal Battalion Schofield Barracks HI Director J-3 White House Communications Agency Washington DC Operations Officer 41st Signal Battalion 1st Signal Brigade 311th Signal Command Theater Camp Coiner Korea Chief Strategic Operations 1st Signal Brigade 311th Signal Command Theater Yongsan Korea Secretary to the General Staff and Aide-de-Camp to the Commanding General United States Army Signal Center and Fort Gordon Georgia Commander D Company 16th Signal Battalion 3d Signal Brigade III Corps Fort Hood Texas Radio Officer and Frequency Manager III Corps G6 Fort Hood Texas Operations Officer 51st Signal Battalion 22nd Signal Brigade V Corps United States Army Europe and Seventh Army Germany and Executive Officer and Platoon Leader C Company 26th Signal Battalion 93d Signal Brigade VII Corps United States Army Europe and Seventh Army Germany and OPERATIONS DESERT SHIELD DESERT STORM Saudi Arabia BG Barrett's awards and decorations include the Defense Superior Service Medal Legion of Merit Bronze Star Medal Defense Meritorious Service Medal with one oak leaf cluster Meritorious Service Medal with three oak leaf clusters Army Commendation Medal with one oak leaf cluster Joint Service Achievement Medal Army Achievement Medal the Joint Meritorious Unit Award the Parachutist Badge and the Signal Regiment's Bronze Order of Mercury BG Barrett is a graduate of the United States Army Command and General Staff College the Information Systems Staff Officer Course the Signal Officer Advanced Course the Brigade and Below Signal Officer Course and the Signal Officer Basic Course She holds a Master of Science Degree in National Resource Strategy from the Industrial College of the Armed Forces and a Master of Arts Degree in Telecommunications Management from Webster University She is married to LTC Ret B Brian T Barrett a former Signal Corps Officer and fellow Massachusetts native icollege ndu edu 41 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Captain Susan BryerJoyner Hopper Information Services Center Captain BryerJoyner assumed command of the Hopper Information Services Center in January 2016 CAPT BryerJoyner was commissioned in 1991 through the Naval Reserve training Corps ROTC at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute where she earned a Bachelor of Science in Materials Engineering Her diverse tours of duty include deployments in the Mediterranean and Arabian Seas the Western and South Pacific Ocean and Iraq in support of Operation Enduring Freedom Operation Iraqi Freedom and Operation Tomodachi CAPT BryerJoyner's shore assignments include the Naval Computer and Telecommunications Area Master Station and the Naval Computer and Telecommunications Station Far East She served as Flag Aide to the Director Space and Information Warfare Command and Control Directorate on the staff of the Chief of Naval Operations CNO and Flag Aide to the first Commander Naval Network Warfare Command Her joint tours include the U S Pacific Command the Joint Warfare Analysis Center Multi-national Force-Iraq and U S Cyber Command CAPT BryerJoyner's fleet assignments include Carrier Strike Group B embarked on USS George Washington CVN 73 the USS Blue Ridge LCC 19 Commander U S 7th Fleet in Yokosuka Japan She hold a Master of Science degree in Computer Science from the Naval Postgraduate School and a Master of Science degree in Government Information Leadership from the National Defense University CAPT BryerJoyner's awards and decorations include the Defense Superior Service Medal Legion of Merit Bronze Star two Defense Meritorious Service Medals and three Navy Meritorious Service Medals In 2001 and 2005 she received the Copernicus Award and is a proud Plank Owner of the Information Professional Community and the Naval Network Warfare Command Dr Alex Crowther NDU Center for Technology and National Security Policy 42 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Areas of Expertise Middle East Western Hemisphere Cyber Security Information Technology Humanitarian Assistance Disaster Relief Insurgency Irregular Warfare Stabilization and Reconstruction Glenn Alexander Crowther grew up in Ethiopia Brazil Bolivia and Indonesia where his father worked as a civil engineer He has extensive government service including a decade each in the Cold War the post-Cold War era and the post 9 11 era He has worked as a Western Hemisphere specialist a strategist and a political advisor He served overseas eight times three times in Latin America twice in Korea twice in Iraq and once in Belgium He has a variety of awards from the Departments of Defense and State as well as the Canadian government His work at the strategic level includes tours at the Army Staff the Joint Staff J5 Strategic Plans Policies and as a Research Professor at Strategic Studies Institute the US Army's think tank He was personally selected to be a Counterterrorism Advisor for the US Ambassador to Iraq a Political Advisor for the MNC-I Commander and a Special Assistant for the Supreme Allied Commander Europe He is currently a Cyber Policy specialist in the Expert Consultant program at the Center for Technology and National Security Policy CTNSP at the National Defense University in Washington DC He is also an adjunct Senior Political Scientist at the RAND Corporation and an adjunct Research Professor of National Security Studies at the Strategic Studies Institute Alex has a BA in International Relations from Tufts University an MS in International Relations from Troy State University and a Ph D in International Development from Tulane University He was also an International Security Studies Fellow at the Fletcher School of Law Diplomacy He has professional fluency in Spanish and specializes in strategy Western Hemisphere issues cyber policy issues international development insurgency counterinsurgency Joint Interagency Intergovernmental and Multinational JIIM issues and the Comprehensive Approach Dr Eric Daimler Office of Science and Technology Policy Dr Daimler is currently a White House Presidential Innovation Fellow at the Office of Science and Technology Policy Eric Daimler is creating the robotics revolution Mr Daimler has 20 years' experience building companies Principal in two Investment Firms HgAnalytics CDO Ventures championing early-stage investments in household firms such as Hotmail NASDAQ MSFT and TiVo NASDAQ TIVO while producing superior returns to investors Agent in two financial firms Morgan Stanley Merrill Lynch in quantitative and emerging markets finance Experience as an Executive Investor and Advisor to many icollege ndu edu 43 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 information-technology companies including six as founder Studying Computer Science early starting at the University of Washington continuing to Carnegie Mellon University and later Stanford University Academic career culminated in time spent at Carnegie Mellon as Assistant Professor of Software Engineering Practice and finally Assistant Dean Dr Cathryn Downes NDU Information Resources Management College Dr Downes served thirteen years as a member of the New Zealand Defence Force completing service as SES-1 as the Military Policy Development Adviser to the Chief of the Defence Force In her academic career she served twelve years as a research academic scholar with appointments at Harvard University's Center for International Affairs the University of Melbourne Australia and the Strategic and Defense Studies Center Australian National University Dr Downes has published and presented widely during her academic career Her research and recent publications have focused inter-agency collaboration at the strategic level clarifying the concepts and space of strategic thinking and decision-making unintentional militarism and civil-military relations in complex national security wicked problems innovations in E-Learning 2 0 for graduate-level education Dr Camron Gorguinpour USAF Office of the Assistant Secretary Acquisition Dr Goguinpour serves as the Director of Transformational Innovation for the United States Air Force Office of the Assistant Secretary Acquisitions In this role Camron solicits advocates for and executes innovative concepts with the potential for broad-ranging and rapid improvements to Air Force acquisition processes and systems Camron also serves as Executive Director for the Department of Defense Plug-In Electric Vehicle PEV Program He is responsible for designing and executing a large-scale multi-year effort to integrate PEV's into the Defense Department's non-tactical vehicle fleet Prior to arriving at the Pentagon Camron served as Executive Director for Scientists Engineers for America a 501c-3 nonprofit non-partisan organization dedicated to engaging scientists and engineers in public policy and political activities Camron also served for 44 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C six years as Co-Founder and Executive Director for Space Science Outreach and Research SSOAR a 501c-3 nonprofit organization dedicated to promoting science and education Through SSOAR Camron executed numerous programs including the creation of two public charter schools in collaboration with NASA the University of California at Berkeley and the Cesar E Chavez Foundation Camron served for four years as a lecturer and part-time faculty member in the Bioengineering Department of the University of California Berkeley In this role he created and taught courses in the field of Bioastronautics i e human physiology in space Camron received his doctorate from the University of California Berkeley University of California San Francisco Joint Graduate Program in Bioengineering His area of emphasis was Bioastronautics with a focus on the health impacts of space-borne radiation Camron also holds a bachelor's degree in Astrophysics and Physics from the University of California Berkeley Mr Joel Harding Cyber and Information Warfare Consultant Joel is a consultant for cyber warfare information operations and information warfare working closely with government corporate and academic seniors Joel spent over 35 years working national security issues Joel was enlisted US Army Special Forces 18D and 18E graduated from the University of Pittsburgh commissioned as an infantry officer and later became a military intelligence officer As a Military Intelligence officer he worked for years in Information Operations before retiring Since then he has worked in the Department of Defense in the corporate world and then as an IO subject matter expert at the Association of Old Crows While at the AOC he was the Director of the IO Institute the editor of the IO Journal and the organizer of InfowarCon He has lectured taught and worked in Russia China Canada and the UK on information warfare and cyberwar Mr Harding works with NATO and the EU regarding Russian Information Warfare Joel is working closely with the Ukraine Rada on a Ukraine National Information Strategy for the Minister of Information Policy He also writes and publishes a blog To Inform Is To Influence icollege ndu edu 45 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Mr Terry Halvorsen Department of Defense Terry Halvorsen assumed the duties as the Department of Defense Chief Information Officer effective March 8 2015 He previously served as the Acting Department of Defense Chief Information Officer Prior to that he was the Department of the Navy Chief Information Officer As DoD CIO Mr Halvorsen is the principal advisor to the Secretary of Defense for Information Management Information Technology and Information Assurance as well as non-intelligence space systems critical satellite communications navigation and timing programs spectrum and telecommunications He provides strategy leadership and guidance to create a unified information management and technology vision for the Department and to ensure the delivery of information technology-based capabilities required to support the broad set of Department missions Before serving as the Department of the Navy CIO Mr Halvorsen was the deputy commander Navy Cyber Forces He began serving in that position in January 2010 as part of the Navy Cyber reorganization Previous to that Mr Halvorsen served as the Deputy Commander Naval Network Warfare Command He was responsible for providing leadership for over 16 000 military and civilian personnel and supporting over 300 ships and approximately 800 000 globally dispersed computer network users In this position he was responsible for the business performance of Navy network operations space operations information operations and knowledge management Mr Halvorsen served as an Army intelligence officer in a variety of assignments including Operations Just Cause and Desert Storm He holds a bachelor's degree in history from Widener University and a master's degree in educational technology from the University of West Florida He is a Rotary International Paul Harris Fellow and an Excellence in Government Leadership Fellow Rear Admiral Ret Janice Hamby NDU Information Resources Management College Janice Hamby RADM USN Ret began serving as the Chancellor of the Information Resources Management College in October 2014 She previously served on the staff of the Secretary of Defense OSD as the Deputy Chief Information Officer for Command Control 46 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Communications and Computers C4 and Information Infrastructure Capabilities DCIO for C4IIC A native of Medina Ohio Hamby was commissioned from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill Navy Reserve Officers Training Corps program in 1980 Early assignments included duty at Naval Regional Data Automation Center Washington commander Naval Base Pearl Harbor and plans and project management department head at the Data Processing Service Center Pearl Harbor She attended Boston University earning a Master of Science in Information Systems Management and a Master of Business Administration graduating from both programs with highest honors She was subsequently assigned as assistant professor of Computer Sciences at the U S Military Academy and then served as deputy director of the Communications Operations Directorate at Naval Computer and Telecommunication Station Washington In 1994 she reported to USS Dwight D Eisenhower CVN 69 as part of the initial assignment of women to naval combatants She participated in Eisenhower's deployment to Haiti in support of Operation Uphold Democracy completing her surface warfare qualification during Eisenhower's 1994 Mediterranean deployment In August 1995 she transferred to USS George Washington CVN 73 to serve as the first afloat combat systems officer to combine information systems management combat systems maintenance and telecommunications systems management in one department Dr Kathryn Hume Fast Forward Labs Kathryn Hume leads sales and operations for Fast Forward Labs an artificial intelligence research and advising company She helps large enterprises apply data and machine learning technologies to modify business processes and build new revenue streams Kathryn is also a visiting professor at the University of Calgary where she teaches innovative courses on law and technology featuring guest speakers from law firms and technology companies Before joining Fast Forward Labs Kathryn advised international law firms on data privacy and security ISO 27001 and NIST 800-53 and managed Intapp's Risk Roundtable a seminar program focused on cybersecurity and risk management Kathryn is a recognized writer and speaker on the practical applications of machine learning Holding a PhD in comparative literature from Stanford she speaks eight languages and brings a humanistic interdisciplinary perspective to technology and data science icollege ndu edu 47 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Dr Tod S Levitt George Mason University Dr Levitt is an acknowledged leader in development of advanced capabilities for evidential reasoning in large-scale high dimensional model analysis including operations applications in multisensor fusion SAR IR and EO image understanding ground robot vision air to ground surveillance systems and C4ISR systems supporting multiple military intelligence planning and command and control applications He has led the development of a diverse family of advanced information software systems built to handle real world data under complex operating conditions These systems include a fully automated middle-Eastern armor unit detector for the U S Army that was evaluated to perform at expert imagery analyst levels on wide-area low resolution Desert Storm SAR and a system for automated diagnostic measurement from digital x-rays of the hand that was employed in clinical care at the San Francisco Veterans Administration Medical Center From 1978-1991 Dr Levitt worked for the Honeywell Signal and Image Processing Division in the Image Understanding Division at Advanced Information Systems and as a Senior Research Associate in the Stanford University Robotic Laboratory before founding IET Inc in 1991 Dr Levitt led IET for sixteen years producing numerous R D breakthroughs and generating the Quiddity Suite commercial software package for building complex probabilistic reasoning applications In October 2007 Dr Levitt joined the George Mason University C4I Cyber Center as a Research Professor where he has performed counter-insurgency and counter- improvised explosive device C-IED research developed forward-looking net-centric evolutionary persistent ISR algorithms for plug-and-play surveillance assets and made innovative contributions to the emergent field of multi-modeling with applications to nuclear deterrence Dr Levitt is a co-founder and 18 year member of the Board of Directors of the Association for Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence His Ph D in mathematics is from the University of Minnesota Dr Martin Libicki RAND Corporation Martin Libicki Ph D U C Berkeley 1978 has been a senior management scientist at RAND since 1998 focusing on the impacts of information technology on domestic and 48 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C national security In addition he is a Distinguished Visiting Professor at the U S Naval Academy and has been an adjunct at Columbia University and Georgetown University He wrote two commercially published books Conquest in Cyberspace National Security and Information Warfare and Information Technology Standards Quest for the Common Byte and has a cyberwar textbook Cyberspace in War and Peace at the publisher's U S Naval Institute Press He is also the author of numerous RAND monographs notably Defender's Dilemma Brandishing Cyberattack Capabilities Crisis and Escalation in Cyberspace Global Demographic Change and its Implications for Military Power Cyberdeterrence and Cyberwar How Insurgencies End with Ben Connable and How Terrorist Groups End with Seth Jones Prior employment includes 12 years at the National Defense University three years on the Navy Staff as program sponsor for industrial preparedness and three years for the GAO Ms Letitia Long Intelligence and National Security Alliance INSA Letitia A Long served as the fifth Director of the National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency NGA and was the first woman to lead a major US intelligence agency This appointment culminated a career that spanned all aspects of organizational leadership business functions and global operations She led the NGA during a critical period of transition and has deep experience in strategic planning policy development leading change in complex organizations executive development and succession planning with an emphasis on diversity operations budget planning and execution and innovation and risk management Starting her career in Naval Intelligence Ms Long went on to serve as the Deputy Director of Naval Intelligence and then the first Deputy Undersecretary of Defense for Intelligence Policy Requirements and Resources the first Chief Information Officer at the Defense Intelligence Agency as well as the Deputy Director of the Defense Intelligence Agency Ms Long is the recipient of numerous awards to include the Presidential Rank Award of Distinguished Executive two Presidential Rank Awards of Meritorious Executive two DoD Medals for Distinguished Service and three National Intelligence Distinguished Service Medals She has been decorated with the Medal of Merit by the King of Norway appointed to the rank of Chevalier in the National Order of the Legion of Honor of France and awarded the Commander's Cross of the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland Ms Long currently sits on the boards of Raytheon Company Urthecast Corporation and icollege ndu edu 49 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Noblis Inc She is the Chairman of the Board of the Intelligence And National Security Alliance and on the boards of the Virginia Tech School of Public and International Affairs and the United States Geospatial Intelligence Foundation She is also an Executive in Residence with Brookings Executive Education Ms Long earned a Bachelor of Science in Electrical Engineering from Virginia Tech a Master of Science in Mechanical Engineering from the Catholic University of America and was awarded an honorary Doctorate of Strategic Intelligence by the National Intelligence University Dr Jeff McNeil NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning Col Jeff McNeil USMCR Ph D recently joined the NDU CASL faculty in June 2016 An artillery and intelligence officer Col McNeil's recent assignments have included Cyberspace Plans Officer for USPACOM USSTRATCOM and USCYBERCOM USJFCOM Deputy Director for International Engagement and Intelligence Plans and Operations Officer for Marine Forces Central and Pacific Commands In his civilian position as a full Professor for Clemson University he is presently dedicated to full-time research supporting OUSD AT L to develop and manage the nations cyber ranges Prior to assuming his current position Dr McNeil spent 15 years in industry as a Principal Investigator conducting analysis and evaluation across a broad range of defense programs operations and weapons systems He also taught a variety of international relations and US foreign policy courses for the University of Nebraska Major General Frederick M Padilla National Defense University Major General Padilla was born in April 1959 in Torrejon Spain to a career Air Force officer He is a 1982 graduate of East Carolina University and was commissioned in 1983 Major General Padilla's assignments in the operating forces include Platoon Commander Company Commander and Battalion Adjutant 3d Battalion 6th Marine Regiment Rifle and Weapons Company Commander 3d Battalion 9th Marine Regiment Inspector-Instructor Weapons Company 2d Battalion 23rd Marine Regiment G-3 Operations Officer 1st Marine Division Commanding officer 1st Battalion 5th Marines and Commanding General 3d Marine Division 50 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Other assignments include Command Adjutant Marine Aircraft Group-42 Detachment A 4th Marine Aircraft Wing Commanding Officer Marine Detachment USS CANOPUS AS34 Commanding Officer School of Infantry-West and Chief of Staff Marine Corps Combat Development Command His joint assignments include Plans Officer J3 5 and Secretary of the Joint Staff Joint Task Force Six and Branch Chief for the Joint Requirements Oversight Council J8 on the Joint Staff in the Pentagon Major General Padilla's first General Officer assignment was as the Commanding General Marine Corps Recruit Depot Eastern Recruiting Region Parris Island South Carolina Major General Padilla was promoted to his present rank in July 2013 and before coming to NDU as 15th President was the Director of Operations with Plans Policies and Operations Headquarters Marine Corps Major General Padilla is a graduate of the Marine Corps Amphibious Warfare School Air Command and Staff College Armed Forces Staff College and Naval War College He has a B A in Geography and an M A in National Security and Strategic Studies His personal decorations include the Legion of Merit with Combat V and two gold stars Defense Meritorious Service Medal with oak leaf the Meritorious Service Medal the Joint Service Commendation Medal the Navy and Marine Corps Mr Ken Robinson NDU Foundation An internationally recognized expert in intelligence terrorism and national security - with 30 years of experience in Special Forces Special Mission Units and the US Intelligence Community Having helped design the nations National Exercise Program detailed experience in crisis and consequence management including reconstituting a government after a national emergency Heavily invested in cyber all-source intelligence science and technology and green technologies - with a focus on sustainability survivability and cutting edge innovation Has unique capabilities to provide secure independent 3G 4GLTE broadband solutions and management consulting experience solving complex issues for governments and NGOs in the most dangerous places on earth Ken provided distance learning training tools and Serious Gaming which supports the Joint Improvised Explosive Device Defeat Organization JIEDDO This support included battlefield visualization as well as creating writing and executive producing virtual and reality-based interactive software solutions for the Military Intelligence Community Ken was nominated to serve on the President's Intelligence Advisory Board PIAB which exercises oversight responsibilities of the United States Intelligence icollege ndu edu 51 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Community He provides objective advice to solve some of the most complex international problems His approach is to remain technology and vendor agnostic - providing objective solutions for the world's challenges Ken does not predict rather he anticipates the possibilities of the markets and sets his goals and objectives accordingly His professional services have a single standard of excellence which is offered equally to clients vendors stakeholders and investors alike - accomplishing the mission on time and on budget Admiral Michael S Rogers Commander U S Cyber Command and Director National Security Agency Chief Central Security Service Adm Rogers is a native of Chicago and attended Auburn University graduating in 1981 and receiving his commission via the Naval Reserve Officers Training Corps Originally a surface warfare officer SWO he was selected for re-designation to cryptology now Information Warfare in 1986 He assumed his present duties as Commander U S Cyber Command and Director National Security Agency Chief Central Security Service in April 2014 Since becoming a flag officer in 2007 Rogers has also served as the director for Intelligence for both the Joint Chiefs of Staff and U S Pacific Command and most recently as Commander U S Fleet Cyber Command U S TENTH Fleet Duties afloat have included service at the unit level as a SWO aboard USS Caron DD 970 at the strike group level as the senior cryptologist on the staff of Commander Carrier Group Two John F Kennedy Carrier Strike Group and at the numbered fleet level on the staff of Commander U S 6th Fleet embarked in USS Lasalle AGF 3 as the fleet information operations IO officer and fleet cryptologist He has also led cryptologic direct support missions aboard U S submarines and surface units in the Arabian Gulf and Mediterranean Ashore Rogers commanded Naval Security Group Activity Winter Harbor Maine 19982000 and has served at Naval Security Group Department NAVCOMSTA Rota Spain Naval Military Personnel Command Commander in Chief U S Atlantic Fleet the Bureau of Personnel as the cryptologic junior officer detailer and Commander Naval Security Group Command as aide and executive assistant EA to the commander Rogers' joint service both afloat and ashore has been extensive and prior to becoming a flag 52 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C officer he served at U S Atlantic Command CJTF 120 Operation Support Democracy Haiti Joint Force Maritime Component Commander Europe and the Joint Staff His Joint Staff duties 2003-2007 included leadership of the J3 Computer Network Attack Defense and IO Operations shops EA to the J3 EA to two Directors of the Joint Staff special assistant to the Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff director of the Chairman's Action Group and a leader of the JCS Joint Strategic Working Group Rogers is a distinguished graduate of the National War College and a graduate of highest distinction from the Naval War College He is also a Massachusetts Institute of Technology Seminar XXI fellow Harvard Senior Executive in National Security alum and holds a Master of Science in National Security Strategy Brigadier General Ret Gregory Touhill Office of Cybersecurity and Communications CS C DHS Brigadier General retired Gregory J Touhill is the Deputy Assistant Secretary for Cybersecurity and Communications CS C within the National Protections and Programs Directorate NPPD of the Department of Homeland Security DHS where he focuses on the development and implementation of operational programs designed to protect our government networks and critical infrastructure systems General Touhill retired from the United States Air Force in July 2013 after a distinguished career culminating as the Chief Information Officer and Director of Command Control Communications and Cyber Systems at U S Transportation Command--one of the nation's 10 combatant commands As the Senior Cyberspace Operations officer he led the command's cyberspace defense mission and oversaw a $500 million information technology portfolio General Touhill is a highly experienced combat leader who commanded at the wing group and squadron level Prior to his assignment at United States Transportation Command he was the United States Defense Attache to Kuwait where he coordinated a new long-term bilateral defense agreement that enabled U S forces to withdraw from Iraq through Kuwait As commander of the 81st Training Wing he established the Air Force's Cyberspace Operations training programs and led the $1 billion rebuilding of Keesler AFB Miss after Hurricane Katrina The Air Force's only three-time winner of the Communications-Computer System Professional Achievement Award General Touhill was the recipient of the 2006 Air Force Science and Engineering Achievement Award for his work leading the team that created the life-saving Radio-Over-Internet Protocol Network RIPRNET supporting convoy operations in Iraq for which he was also awarded the Bronze Star medal icollege ndu edu 53 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 General Touhill is a distinguished graduate of the Squadron Officer School Air Command and Staff College and the Advanced Communications Officer Training school where he received the Webb Award as the top graduate He also is a graduate of the Air War College the Armed Forces Staff College the Harvard University John F Kennedy School of Government Senior Executive Fellows program and the University of North Carolina's Logistics and Technology Program for Executives General Touhill was previously an adjunct instructor and staff member of Washington University in the St Louis College of Engineering and Applied Science graduate program in Cybersecurity and Information Systems Management He is the co-author of Commercialization of Innovative Technologies Bringing Good Ideas to the Marketplace and Cybersecurity for Executives A Practical Guide John A Wiley Sons He maintains the Certified Information Systems Security Professional CISSP Certified Acquisition Professional in Information Technology and Program Management and the American College of Corporate Directors Master Professional Director certifications Captain Angie Holcombe Walker NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning Captain Angie Walker is a native of Cumming GA She graduated from the University of Florida with a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics and received her commission through the Naval Reserve Officer Training Corps Scholarship Program She holds a Master of Science in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography from the Naval Postgraduate School and is completing her dissertation as a Doctoral Candidate in the University of Southern Mississippi's Human Capital Development Executive Program At sea she served as the First Division Officer and Boilers Officer in USS Shenandoah AD44 qualifying as a Surface Warfare Officer and Engineering Officer of the Watch Steam While in USS Stump DD-978 she served as the Navigation Administration Department Head and Strike Warfare Officer during a Middle East Force deployment Re-designated as a Special Duty Officer Oceanography she reported to the Mobile Environmental Team MET in Jacksonville FL as the Assistant Department Head and Fleet Liaison Officer supporting multiple ships' independent operations and exercises as an embarked MET She assumed dual responsibility as Staff Oceanographer for Commanders Carrier Strike Group Six and Fourteen She served as the Joint METOC Officer in support of Combined Joint Task Force - Horn of Africa at Camp Lemonier Djibouti where she also earned her Flight Meteorologist qualification 54 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Ashore she served as the Operations Officer and then the Regional Operations Plans Officer at the Naval Atlantic Meteorology and Oceanography Facility Jacksonville FL It is in this capacity which she coordinated all hurricane issues for Commander Navy Region Southeast which included all naval installations from North Carolina south to Puerto Rico and west to Mississippi In January 2005 she reported as a Plank Owner to Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Professional Development Detachment South in Gulfport MS and served as Officer-in-Charge until she assumed Executive Officer of Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Professional Development Center Gulfport MS She served as Plans Division Head of the Strategic Plans and Policy Department and later Deputy Assistant Chief of Staff for Operations for Commander Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command Stennis Space Center MS She commanded the Center for Naval Aviation Technical Training Unit Keesler in Biloxi MS where her command won several Regional and CNO Flagship awards each year She most recently served on the Operational Navy Staff as the Navy's Arctic Affairs Officer in support of Task Force Climate Change OPNAV N2N6E and as the Section Head for Battlespace Awareness in Assessment Division of the Information Dominance Branch OPNAV N81 She is currently the Director of the Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL at the National Defense University Captain Walker's personal awards include the Meritorious Service Medal 3 the Joint Service Commendation Medal the Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal 4 the Navy and Marine Corps Achievement Medal 3 and various other individual campaign and unit awards Mr Thomas Wingfield NDU Information Resources Management College Thomas C Wingfield is Professor of Cyber Law at the Information Resources Management College of the National Defense University in Washington DC He holds a B A in History and Russian Language summa cum laude from Georgia State University and a Doctor of Laws J D and a Master of Laws LL M with distinction International and Comparative Law from the Georgetown University Law Center Beginning his career as a naval officer he served as Squadron Intelligence Officer with an F A-18 strike fighter squadron aboard USS Midway based in Yokosuka Japan Following deployments in the Western Pacific the Indian Ocean and the Northern Arabian Sea he was icollege ndu edu 55 SPEAKER BIOS CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 assigned to back-to-back tours in Washington DC first as a Desk Officer at Headquarters Office of Naval Intelligence and then as Intelligence Liaison Officer at the Center for Naval Analyses the Navy's principal think tank While in Washington he served as a White House Social Aide and completed his law degrees at Georgetown Upon passing the Georgia bar exam Mr Wingfield transitioned to the naval reserve and took a position with a defense consulting firm to advise military and intelligence community clients in the areas of treaty compliance use of force in cyberspace and space law In 2003 he became a Research Fellow of the Potomac Institute for Policy Studies providing analysis to Congress and the Administration on the legal and policy aspects of emergent national security issues Appointed an Associate Professor at the US Army Command and General Staff College at Fort Belvoir Virginia Mr Wingfield served in the Department of Joint Interagency and Multinational Operations Professor Wingfield then deployed to Afghanistan in 2009-10 as Rule of Law Advisor for COMISAF's Counterinsurgency Advisory and Assistance Team He served as Professor of International Law at the George C Marshall European Center for Strategy Studies where he directed the Program on Applied Security Studies and most recently was Professor of Law and Strategy at the newly-established United Arab Emirates National Defense College in Abu Dhabi UAE He was appointed to his current position at the US National Defense University in December of 2015 A former Chair of the American Bar Association's Committee on International Criminal Law he is a member of the State Bar of Georgia the District of Columbia Bar and since 2006 the Bar of the United States Supreme Court He lectures widely and writes extensively on cyber conflict rule of law and lawful uses of force He is the author of THE LAW OF INFORMATION CONFLICT NATIONAL SECURITY LAW IN CYBERSPACE and one of the drafters of the TALLINN MANUAL ON THE INTERNATIONAL LAW APPLICABLE TO CYBER WARFARE Cambridge 2013 His wife Kim is a Professor of Renaissance Art History but neither their son John Percival age 8 nor daughter Katharine Isla age 4 has yet chosen a professional track Mr Wingfield may be reached at thomas wingfield@ndu edu Mr Christopher Zember NDU Center for Technology and National Security Mr Christopher Zember is currently serving as co-director of the Center for Technology and National Security Policy CTNSP at the National Defense University CTNSP is a DOD 56 Information Resources Management College NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C research center focused on the intersection of technology and national security policy As both a government organization and a university CTNSP is uniquely positioned to help DOD expand outreach and access to academia and global technology markets Prior to this assignment Mr Zember served as the Director of the Department of Defense Information Analysis Centers IACs under oversight of the Assistant Secretary of Defense for Research and Engineering In this position he was responsible for operational management and policy guidance for 10 IACs which annually conducted nearly $2 billion in technical research and analysis With more than 7 000 scientists and engineers in 49 states IACs provide strategic studies and build communities of interest in areas of critical importance to the DOD including cyber operations weapon systems and homeland defense In Spring 2014 Mr Zember launched the Technology Domain Awareness TDA initiative which focuses on effectively understanding the technology landscape as it relates to current and future defense needs in order to expand DoD's access to global technology innovation The DoD TDA efforts seek to expand awareness and application of commercial and nongovernment investments to enable better cheaper and faster Defense capability development Prior to this Mr Zember led the Strategy and Operations practice for a consulting firm His teams supported various offices in the Department of Homeland Security the Intelligence Community Defense Research and Engineering and across the Joint Staff Mr Zember also served as a member of the core research team in a congressionally chartered effort to rewrite the National Security Act enhancing collaboration and information sharing at the interagency and multinational levels Mr Zember has served in several liaison positions including leading a liaison office for the National Security Agency In this capacity he played a key role in overcoming organizational barriers across the Intelligence Community including fostering cooperation with foreign allies His efforts made significant progress in enhancing information sharing moving from the mentality of need to know to a culture embracing the need to share Mr Zember holds a Master of Public Administration from American University and is DAWIA Level III certified in program management icollege ndu edu 57 PARTICIPANT LIST CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Registered Participants Mr James Adams Joint Service Agency Participant Mr Anthony Allard U S Army War College Participant Mrs Anne Bader Bader Resources LLC Participant Mr Sean Baggott JSOU Participant Ms Yegana Baghirova World Bank George Mason University Participant Rear Admiral Danelle Barrett U S Cyber Command Speaker Brigadier General Maria Barrett Cyber National Mission Forces Speaker Dr Chuck Barry INSS NDU Participant Brigadier General James Begley National Guard Bureau NGB Participant 58 Information Resources Management College Dr W Stan Boddie NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Maj Geoff Bowman NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning Group Facilitator Mr Calvin Brown NDU Participant Captain Susan BryerJoyner HOPPER Information Services Center Participant Dr William Butler Critical Infrastructures and Cyber Protection Center Participant CW4 Joe Cardenas USASOC HQ Participant CPT Joseph Casey 781st Military Intelligence BN Participant Dr John Christian NDU Information Resources Management College Participant NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Mr John Cidila Army Cyber Command and Second Army Participant Ms Patricia Coopersmith NDU Information Resources Management College Staff Lt Col Lauren Courchaine USEUCOM Joint Cyber Center Participant Dr Alex Crowther NDU Center for Technology and National Security Policy Panel Moderator Dr Eric Daimler White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Speaker Mr Ross Dakin White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Participant Dr Cathy Downes NDU Information Resources Management College Speaker COL Patrick Duggan Strategic Landpower Task Force Participant Mr Mark Duke NDU Information Resources Management College Participant Dr Roxanne Everetts NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Ms Adrienne Ferguson NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Ms Lisa Fowlkes Public Safety Homeland Security Bureau FCC Participant Dr Camron Gorguinpour PhD United States Air Force Office of the Assistant Secretary Acquisitions Speaker Mr Brian Hajost SteelCloud LLC Participant Mr Terry Halvorsen DOD CIO Speaker Chancellor Jan Hamby RADM Ret USN NDU Information Resources Management College Panel Moderator Speaker Mr Joel Harding Independent Consultant Speaker icollege ndu edu 59 PARTICIPANT LIST CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 Brig Gen Patrick Higby SAF CIO A6 Participant Mr Ken Kligge Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL Participant Ms Theresa Hitchens Center for International and Security Studies at Maryland Participant Mr Marc Kolenko Information Innovators Inc Participant Maj Hans Hogan ARCYBER 2A Participant Dr Carl Horn NDU Information Resources Management College Participant Dr Kathryn Hume Fast Forward Labs Speaker Dr John Hurley NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Ms Beth Ibish NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL Participant Dr Marwan Jamal NDU Information Resources Management College Participant 60 Information Resources Management College RADM Kevin Kovacich USCYBERCOM Participant Mr Alex Kreilein SecureSet Participant Mr Hyong Lee NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL Participant RADM ret William Leigher Raytheon Participant Mr Erren Lester General Services Administration Participant Dr Tod Levitt George Mason University Speaker Dr Cassandra Lewis NDU Information Resources Management College Organizer NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Dr Martin Libicki RAND Speaker Dr Robert Mills Air Force Institute of Technology Participant Ms Letitia Long Intelligence and National Security Alliance INSA Keynote Speaker Mr John O'Brien NDU Information Resources Management College Participant Ms Mekisha Marshall National Maritime Intelligence-Integration Office NMIO Participant Mr Robert James Orr NDU National War College Participant Dr Russ Mattern NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Dr Fernando Maymi Army Cyber Institute Participant Dr Mary McCully NDU Information Resources Management College Participant COL Jeff McNeil NDU Participant Ms Allene Lainey Mikrut NGA NWC Participant MajGen Frederick Padilla NDU Speaker LTC Retired USA Lance Paoli Red Hat Participant LCDR Jonathan Parker NMIO Participant BrigGen US Army retired Jack Pellicci National Defense University Foundation Participant Ms Donna Powers NDU Information Resources Management College Staff Mr Russ Quirici NDU Information Resources Management College Participant icollege ndu edu 61 PARTICIPANT LIST CYBER BEACON III PROCEEDINGS JULY 13 - 14 2016 COL Kenneth Rector U S Army Cyber School Participant Mr Bruce Rideout NAVAIR Participant Mr Ken Robinson NDU Foundation Speaker Admiral Michael Rogers United States Cyber Command National Security Agency Chief Central Security Service Keynote Speaker Dr Geoffery Seaver NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator CW5 CCWO Heriberto Serrano USASOC Participant Dr Paul Shapiro NDU Information Resources Management College Organizer Lt Gen USMC Ret Robert Bob Shea AFCEA International Participant Dr Sheila Ronis NDU Foundation Participant Rear Admiral Ret David Simpson FCC Participant Professor Dennis Ruth NDU Information Resources Management College Participant Mr Jere Simpson KITEWIRE Inc Speaker Dr Julie Ryan George Washington University Speaker Dr Ron Sanders Booz Allen Hamilton Participant 62 Information Resources Management College Mr Phillip Simpson Booz Allen Hamilton Participant Mr Mitchell Sipus White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Participant Lt Col James D Skelton USAF NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator NATIONAL DEFENSE UNIVERSITY WASHINGTON D C Mr Robert Spring NDU Foundation Participant Amb Walter Stadtler NDU Foundation Participant Mr Moon Sulfab United States Senate Participant Mr Shawn Sullivan Avantgarde Partners Participant COL Max Thibodeaux Joint Forces Staff College Participant Mr Mark Thompson Thompson Billings LLC Participant Captain Paul Tortora US Naval Academy Participant CAPT Angie Holcombe Walker USN NDU Center for Applied Strategic Learning CASL Panel Moderator CPL Trey Warner USASOC Participant LTC R Vern Wendt NDU Information Resources Management College Group Facilitator Mr Thomas Wingfield J D NDU Information Resources Management College Speaker Mr Robert Zakon White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Participant Mr Christopher Zember NDU Center for Technology and National Security Policy Panel Moderator Mr Gregory Touhill DHS DAS Speaker Ms Clara Tsao White House Presidential Innovation Fellows Participant icollege ndu edu 63 About National Defense University NDU is a strategic national resource that prepares senior leaders to think and operate effectively at the highest levels in an increasingly dynamic complex and unpredictable international security environment It does this by preparing them to understand develop and employ strategies that incorporate all elements of national power This senior leader development is made possible by NDU's holistic approach and unique combination of curriculum location and student faculty diversity NDU students develop an understanding of the canon of strategic theory and are able to apply and creatively adapt this knowledge to current and future security challenges This foundation of theory and application is informed by cutting-edge research The educational experience is also enriched by the many distinguished speakers who engage the students in candid discussions The university's ability to attract these top speakers and build relationships with federal agencies academic institutions and international partners is enhanced by its location in Washington DC Intentionally integrating students and faculty who come to NDU from all military services and a broad spectrum of interagency industry and international partners provides a diversity of thought in every seminar This ensures that NDU students are exposed to an exceptionally wide range of perspectives and fosters personal relationships and peer networks which continue to serve NDU alumni throughout their careers Cyber Beacon III was generously supported by the NDU Foundation The NDU Foundation is a non-profit organization committed to enhancing human security and global stability by investing in the education and leadership development of national security professionals studying at the National Defense University NDU Established in 1982 as a nonpartisan philanthropic organization the Foundation's mission is to raise awareness and support for NDU The Foundation brings together dedicated individuals corporations and NGO's to ensure that the NDU community has the richness of resources necessary to cultivate excellence in the next generation of global security leaders About the Information Resources Management College The NDU Information Resources Management College educates and prepares select military and civilian leaders and advisors to develop and implement cyberspace strategies and to leverage information and technology to advance national and global security Although most students are military or DoD civilians the school also accepts federal agency private sector and international students into its graduate programs The college offers a Master of Science Degree in Government Information Leadership JPME II credit as a Senior Service College and graduate certificate programs Chief Information Officer Chief Financial Officer IT Program Management Cyber Security Cyber Leadership The National Defense Authorization Act for 2017 officially changes the name of the Information Resources Management College to the College of Information and Cyberspace As soon as supporting administrative actions are completed the new name will take effect For more information about the college visit our website at http icollege ndu edu Save the Date September 27 - 28 2017 National Defense University Exploring Cyberspace Through Engaging Thought Cyber Beacon III Exploring Cyberspace Through Engaging Thought National Defense University Fort McNair Washington DC cyberbeacon@ndu edu Conference Proceedings July 13 - 14 2016 National Defense University Washington D C                     National Security Archive    Suite 701  Gelman Library  The George Washington University    2130 H Street  NW  Washington  D C  20037    Phone  202 994‐7000  Fax  202 994‐7005  nsarchiv@gwu edu