' M sL ’ I ii j fr y c This does not constitute proof that Che Guevara is olive and operating in Bolivia but It certainly heightens the possibility I think the President night like to read this one i WGB i $£ £ ■ h V COPY LBJ LIBRARY I » EO 13526 3 3 b 1 EO 13526 3 5 c I CENl RAl I NTSLl l OENCg AGENCY R O U T IN E Intelligence Information Cable •TATI INR • OIA NMCCUMC i N S -F B I W QgO-' JCS ARMY ft ft l NAVY AIR CIA NMCC E y o a in 0 s PAGE 1 Of 1 0 PAGES NIC NBA U“ A « OCR BOO AID DC «— nformation rorftonrrSatiOD ttng N oftlovhlo o l M lam man»otnmmor tb UnlUd SUUi wttfclnUm n« nln« ot thqftptw»n Ltwa XVJ nan T8h 0 is 7 1 i2ridAl m t S ittSumiSoo to an xuuuthoslMd person U piehttX t bySw ' tHis ia a n IHWWuATKWHSrgiwT lw i iro ixrrfVAi oXfn wwaiaait oni ZO 211 1 7 7 COUNTRY DIST 28 J U L Y 1967 B O L IV IA C U B A -BUWn • -WWBUHi v UWMUON DO s u b je c t 1 G U E R R IL L A ■ -J O N d P l s m S TB • uonm • -woNom -jaW FIELD NO ACQ SOURCE 1 TH E C A P TU R E B Y T H E SUMMARY B O L IV IA N ARMY ON 20 A P R IL 1 9 6 7 OF CARLOS A LB E R TO F R U T O S - T H E NAME A P P E A R IN G ON BUSTOS FA LSE A R G E N T IN E P A S S P O R T R E G IS D EB R A Y FRENCH M A R X IS T IN T E L L E C T U A L AND W R ITE R ON G U E R R IL L A W A R F A R E AND GEORGE ANDREW R O TH J O U R N A L IS T JU L E S E N G L IS H FR EELAN CE T H E TH R EE HAD J U S T L E F T TH E G U E R R IL L A S It t S O U TH EA STER N B O L I V I A AND WERE W ALKING TOWARD T H E TOWN OF MUYUPAMPA ON 'T H E IR WAY O U T OF TH E AREA OP G U E R R IL L A O P E R A T IO N S TH E 5 F O LLO W IN G IN F O R M A TIO N HAS BEEN EXTR ACTED FROM A 30 PAGE 3 W R IT T E N S TA TEM EN T PREPARED BY BUSTOS T O D E S C R IB E H IS A C T I V I T I E S 4 2 1‘ •S' B 0 ft D TX ANiTTZ E O I3S26 Sec 33 By COPY LBJ LIBRARY NARA Date -N IN PAGE 2 o r 10 PAGES • a ’ a e a e -t oUasitcation AND OBSER VATIONS W ITH TH E G U E R R IL LA BAND I N B O L IV IA FROM' THE T IM E HE L E F T H IS HOME I N CORDOBA A R G E N TIN A 19 67 ON 25 FEBRUARY THROUGH H IS A R R IV A L A T TH E G U E R R IL L A CAMP I N B O L I V I A ON 6 MARCH U N T IL IN THE CO IP ANY OF DEBRAY AND ROTH HE L E F T THE - G U E R R ILLA S AND WAS ARRESTED ON 20 A P R IL BUSTOS E A R L IE R C LA IM ED T H A T HE HAD B E E N 'S E LE C TE D AS A R E P R E S E N T A T IV E OF A V A R IE T Y OF L E F T I S T GROUPS I N A R G E N TIN A TO ilA X fi’ C O N TA C T W ITH THE • ' 1• • B O L IV IA N GU ER R ILLA S AND MAKE CLEAR' TH A T THE' A R G E N TIN E GROUPS WERE N O T IN T E R E S TE D I N RENEWING G U E R R IL LA A C T I V I T Y I N A R G E N T IN A I N H IS W R ITTE N STATEM EN T BUSTOS EX P LA IN S TH A T THE B O L IV IA N G U E R R ILLA S WERE IN T E R E S T E D I N H IM AS ONE MEANS OF GEN ERATIN G SUPPORT FROM A R G E N T IN A v» r BUSTOS S A ID HE WAS G IV E N TH E ASSIGNM ENT OF S E E IN G w ‘ I 11 LEADERS OF A R G EN TIN E P O L IT IC A L GROUPS WHICH T H E O R E T IC A L L Y H AD ’ i R EV O LU TIO N A R Y A T T IT U D E S AND T R Y IN G T O ARRANGE A M EETING O F TH M T H A T WOULD LEAD TO A COMMITTEE OF SUPPORT AND S O L ID A R IT Y FOR THE STRUGGLE I N B O L I V I A BUSTOS I S A S K IL L E D E X P R E S S IV E W RITER AND APPEARS TO BE A CAREFUL A STU TE O B S E R V E R ’ HE REC O U NTS' HtdW AO H IS T R IP TO THE G U E R R IL LA AREA ESCORTED BY T A N IA THE G U E R R IL LA COU R IER P R E V IO U S L Y ID E N T IF IE D AS LAURA G U TIE R R E Z BAUER DE __________________ ____________ 11ARTINEZ H IS M EETING W ITH DEBRAY ON J 3 J 1 cinrnwzzizw COPY LBJ LIBRARY »••• 1 I I PAGE 3 OP 10 PAGES 6 D O R S T __________ oJ utificction fdUnm control T H E BUS FROM L A P A Z BUSTOS' T H E IR A R R IV A L A T TH E G U E R R IL L A CAMP AND LONG D IS C U S S IO N W ITH ERNESTO MCH E G U E VA R A TH E F U L L T E X T OF BUSTOS • STA TEM EN T APPEARS I N TH E O R IG IN A L S P A N IS H AND IN E N G L IS H T R A N S L A T IO N AS ATTACHM ENTS TO I IN TH O S E IN S T A N C E S WHERE B U STO S' STA TEM EN T D EALS W IT H TH E SAME P E O P L E OR E V E N TS REPORTED BY OTHERS WHO HAD BEEN MEMBERS O F TH E G U E R R IL L A BAND C O N TA C T WERE CAPTURED BY I T W ITH TH E G U E R R IL L A S OR WERE O TH ER W IS E I N TH E S T O R IE S ARE I N E S S E N T IA L □ AGREEM ENT AND O TH ER REPORTS CONCERNING TH E A C T I V I T I E S OF TH E SAME G U E R R IL L A B A N D 2 UPON H IS A R R IV A L ON 6 MARCH 1967 A T TH E G U E R R IL L A CAMP NEAR C A M IR I I N S O U TH E A STE R N B O L IV IA C IR O ROBERTO BUSTOS FOUND TH E G U E R R IL L A S TO BE W E LL -O R G A N IZ E D AND W ELL-ARM ED EVEN D U R IN G P E R IO D S WHEN E V A D IN G OR F IG H T IN G TH E B O L IV IA N ARMY R E Q U IR E D TH E MOST STRENUOUS FORCED MARCHES P ER IO D S WHEN T H E FOOD S U P P L Y WAS LOW AND A L L SU FFER ED FROM S IC K N E S S OR EX H A U S TIO N OR BOTH AND D I S C I P L I N E REM AINED H IG H MORALE TH E G U E R R IL L A IN S T A L L A T IO N BUSTOS ENTER ED WAS D I V ID E D IN T O SEVER A L ENCAMPMENTS A L L W E L L -P L A C E D FOR D EFEN SE AND GUARDED W ITH OUTPOSTS AND TR EN C H ES TH E G U E R R IL LA S THEM SELVES WERE W A IT IN G FOR THE RETURN OF A S C O U T IN G ■9 'B e 1T B T L________ olamfiotiani COPY LBJ LIBRARY fllfftf IN PAGE 4 OF10 PAGES 0 o-B it tejeatR ton B fj fiUacmconiroIjT - P A R T Y T H A T HAD TR A V E L E D NORTH S E V E R A L - WEEKS E A R L IE R LE D BY TH E G U E R R IL L A COMMANDER RAMON# M WHO BUSTOS WAS T O L D B Y ONE OP T H E G U E R R IL L A S W ITH A CUBAN ACCENT WAS R E A L L Y ER N ESTO MC H E M BUSTOS HAD I D E N T I F I E D MCH EM GUEVARA FROM A CLEAR PHOTOGRAPH AS B E IN G ONE O F T H E CUBAN O F F IC E R S HE HAD MET W IT H TH E G U E R R IL L A W H IL E A T NO T IM E WAS BUSTOS EXPOSED T O A L L THE G U E R R IL L A S B A N D H E I D E N T I F I E D 18 CUBANS BY A L I A S •T IO N S OF 1 5 B O L IV IA N S 3 TH R EE P E R U V IA N S P R O V ID IN G P H Y S IC A L D E S C R IP - W ITH D E S C R IP T IO N S OF EA C H AND 23 O F WHOM HE D ESCR IB ED 9 ON A B O U T 19 MARCH 1967 MC H EH GUEVARA W ITH H IS S C O U T IN G P A R T Y RETURNED FROM H IS COMMAND E X P E D IT IO N T O TH E NORTH AND RESUMED A F T E R D E TE R M IN IN G WHAT HAD HAPPENED I N S I X WEEKS H E HAD BEEN AWAY AND R E A S S E R TIN G H IS CONTROL OF A L L A SPEC TS O F T H E B A N D 'S A C T I V I T Y GUEVARA BEGAN T A L K IN G I N D I V I D U A L L Y T O TH E TH R E E V I S I T O R S T O TH E G U E R R IL L A BAND PAB LO CHANG NAVARRO LE VA N O TH E A P P R O X IM A TE L Y E L C H IN O JU A N A R A C IA L C H IN E S E O F P E R U V IA N N A T IO N A L IT Y WHO WAS A V I S I T O R RATHER THAN A MEMBER OF TH E G U E R R IL L A BAND T O JU L E S R E G IS D EB R A Y AND TH EN W IT H B U S TO S I N A SECLUDED S P O T s a a n COPY LBJ LIBRARY t GUEVARA E X P L A IN E D P R IV A T E L Y T O BUSTQ6 TH E j -----------------------------------------------------------------------_________________________________________ 5 4 3 1 pagh s o r IO p a o cs rgigatffggsB2„ -i U$tem controls ESSENCE o y H I3 APPROACH TO R E V O L U T IO N ’ HE D B FIN K D H13 S T R A T E G IC O B J E C T IV E AS TH E CAPTURE OF P O L IT IC A L POWER I N ‘ onfe OR MORB C O U N TR IE S OF SOUTH AMERICA AFTER IN S U R R E C TIO N A L ARMED STRUGGLE H IS O B JE C T IV E IS ' H E E X P L A IN E D —m m m m m m m m TH m Em KmE Ym TO m — mmmmm — m mm—mmmmm m m mmmmmmmmm - HAD D E V E LO P E D T H IS I G U E R R IL L A BAND WHICH M UST’ BE DEVELOPgD C O N S O LID A TE D AND EXPANDED B Y I T S O W N 'A C T X V IT Y IN ORDER TO BECOME TH E NUCLEUS ----------- — i ' • FROM W HICH OTHER G U E R R IL LA BANDS W IL L DEVELOP AND P R O L IF E R A T E ■■■■■■■ in — ■ ' ■ ■ m II mull AND TH EN A C T UNDER THE D IR E C T IO N 07 THE NUCLEUS WHEREVER CON D IT IO N S A R E 'T H E 'H o S T FAVORABLE ----- n ---------- —p ------- THE UND ERLYING P O L IT IC A L B A S IS — —-—L—— FOR T H IS •I S 'T H A T THB STRUGOLB A G A IN S T IlIP E R IA L IS n I S — — hi m i iih T O B ‘ FACTOR m nw i COMMON TO A L L L A T IN A I I I C NATIONS • IM P E R IA L IS M I S THB R EA L ------ -I-- -------- - 11' r '• V ENEMY N O T THB O L IG A R C H IE S W H IC H ARB E N H IIE S 0 FORil RATHER TH A N SU B STAN C E BECAUSE THB REAL ENEMY I S A COtaiON ONE FOR A L L L A T IN AM ERICA A NEW STR A TEG Y IS NECESSARY T H IS S T R A T E G Y MUST STA ttT FROM THB PREM ISS TH A T I N ' L A T IN AM ERICA NO S IN G L E COUNTRY CAN NOW OR IN THE FUTURE CARRY OUT THB R E V O L U TIO N A LO N E NOT EVEN A GOVERNM ENT' SUPPORTED BY I T S OWN ARMY AND B Y I T S PEOPLE I T WOULD MERELY PRODUCE P A L L IA T IV E S AND IM IT A T IO N S OF CHANGE ’ BUT I T WOULD NOT HAKE R E V O L U T IO N 4 I ONE COUNTRY ALONB I S Q U IC K L Y SURROUNDED STRANGLED AND SUBJUGATED BY TH E IM P E R IA L IS T S 8 4 BECAUSE R EVO LU TIO N I S A SO C IO -ECO N O M IC F A C T AND NOT A ROM ANTIC 3 1 C OPY LBJ LIBRARY ■ ---- ------------ iui_-----1 --- r-r i------------ ------------------- 1 —r— ——“—- ——T % IN PAG 6 Of 10 PAGES ri i a iii jlJ ftmnurtotl • AHmwt wmfroltj P A T R I O T I C E V E N T • ECONO IXC UNDERDEVEL0P1IENT I N L A T IN A IIE R IC A IS ’ CAUSED B Y IM P E R IA L IS M AND I T S T O T A L C O N TR O L CHANGE W IL L BE P O S S IB L E O N L Y WHEN THERE I S ' T O T A L ‘O P P O S IT IO N N EC ESSA R Y TH ER EFO R E - - -r IT IS „ T O U N IT S TO E TO TA L' STRENGTH O F TOM I A T I H — — i--------- -m - - - - ----------------- ' AM ERICAN N A T IO N S I N A D E C IS IV E CONFRONTATION A G A IN S T TH E U N IT E D S T A T E S - r 4 ' v' ‘M ' • i GUEVARA S A ID TH A T H IS ' T H E S IS WAS A P P LIC A B LE XN A H M K jfr AN SOUTH A M E R IC A — M r AN ADVANTAGE FOR A F R IC A WAS I T S GREATER D I 3 • ' imw m r n w 1 r T „ TAN CE FROM T H E U N IT E D S TA TE S AND IT S GREATER P O S S I B I L I T I E S FOR ■ - — II II M I i n IIIH I IN C O R P O R A TIO N IN T O T H E STRUGGLE I N TH E CONGO ii ELEM ENT F A IL E D CORRUPT - HE ' “ VO LU NTAR Y BUT TH E HU AI7 - -------------- ■« ■ - - - T HERE WAS NO W 1U T Q JI 3 H T --X ALTHOUGH I N TH E M EANTIM E H E ' HAD PREPARED NOTHING FOR THE SECOND C H O IC E HE MADE A S T R A T E G IC D E C IS IO N • • BECAUSE SUPPORT » t TO CUBA BY E S TA B LIS H E D CCCZMUNIST P A R TIE S WAS WANING AND P R O CASTRO MOVEMENTS EVERYWHERE HAD BEEN DESTROYED OR HAD NO T DONE ‘ A N Y T m N G HE D E C ID E D TH A T B O L IV IA WAS THE BEST PLACE TO B E G IN B O L IV IA HAD A M I L I T ARY GOVERNMENT AN ACUTE S O C IA L S IT U A T IO N AND AN ECONOMY UNDER IM P E R IA L IS T PRESSURE a B 9 H Tyj fduttm —wir • COPY LBJ LIBRARY TH E L E A D E R S W E R l- A FTE R S I X MONTHS H EAB AN PO N gD TH A T ARENA# SOUTH AM ERICA I I I L O G IS T IC A L SUPPORT FROH TH E USSR C H IN A UAR AND A L G E R IA HAD I N I T I A L L Y CHOSEN A F R IC A A l b HAP ARRANGED H IS •i« ii iy ' I T WAS N E ffi THE IN PAGE 7 OF 10 PAGES # S' E C 'R is 1' rctogf »eartonJ B E S T P O L I T I C A L BASES A R G E N TIN A IT B R A Z IL C H IL E AND P ER O AMD WAS BETWEEN TWO COUNTRIES TH A T HAD EX P ER IEN C ED F A IL U R E S • • • A R G E N T IN A AND E S P E C IA L L Y P ER U V R IC A R D O 11 A COMRADE OP GUEVARA S FROM TH E CONGO CAMPAIGN TR A VE LE D T O B O L I V I A E A R LY I N 1966 D I D T H E O R G A N IZ A T IO N A L WORK MADE T H E CONTACTS UP T H E WORKING TEAM TH E Y RENTED A HOUSE AND S E T BOUGHT THE JEEP BOUGHT TO E FARM AND L A ID THE GROUNDWORK FOR THB G U E R R IL L A OPERA T IO N S ________________ COMMENT A HOUSE I N THB SUBURBS OF LA PAZ IS PRESUMABLY B E IN G U SED TO S TO R E S U P P L IE S FOR G U E R R IL LA O P E R A TIO N S FOR A D D IT IO N A L INFO RM ATION ABOUT THE JE E P AND FARM USED BY TH E G U E R R IL L A S 5 GUEVARA E X P LA IN E D TH A T ALTHOUGH TH E O R IG IN A L TEAM HAD DONE W ELL SMALL WORKIN3 THE EFFORT TO E S T A B L IS H A P O L I T I C A L BASE HAD BEEN A F A IL U R E BECAUSE N E ITH E R THE P R O -S O V IE T NOR P R O -C H IN E S E COMMUNIST P A R T IE S OF B O L IV IA WOULD SUPPORT THE P R O JE C T IT PROVED P O S S IB L E O N LY TO R E C R U IT IN D IV ID U A L S TO J O I N TH E O R IG IN A L G U E R R IL L A N U C LEU S ON A T R IP TO CUBA PROBABLY I N OCTOBER 1966 • RICARDO CON VIN CED GUEVARA TH A T EVEN W ITH OU T COMPLETE PR EPAR ATIO N I T WAS NECESSARY FOR HIM TO COME TO B O L I V I A FOR I N V I T I N G BUSTOS G U E VA R A 'S REASON 4 ® AND OTHERS FROM A R G EN TIN A WHO HAD V I S I T E D 3 2 e b e r i — W m M — ttonJ COPY LBJ LIBRARY rdtwoWj oontro5r T — IN PAGE 8 OP 10 PAGES # '3a B C R B T _ 1 1 • T H E G U E R R IL L A AREA BEFORE BUSTOS HAD A R R IV E D AND W H ILE GU EVA R A WAS ON RECONNAISSANCE TO THE NORTH WAS E S S E N T IA L L Y T O T R Y T O CR E A TE P O L IT IC A L SUPPORT FROM O U T S ID E B O L I V I A HE WAS N O T IN T E R E S T E D I N ANY P O L IT IC A L P A R T Y BUT WANTED T O REACH ' IN D IV ID U A L S OR R E P R E S E N TA TIV E S OF SMALL OR LARGE GROUPS WHO WERE I N TH E O R Y OR P R A C T IC E FAVORABLE TO TH E ARMED S TR U G G L E BUSTOS TO LD GUEVARA T H A T I N H IS OWN O P IN IO N P U B L IC IT Y ABOUT G U E V A R A ’ S PERSONAL LEAD ER SH IP OF THE B O L IV IA N G U E R R IL L A M O V E - • M ENT ' E S P E C IA L L Y A FTER SO MUCH S P E C U LA TIO N ABOUT H IS L O C A T IO N ' AND A C T I V I T Y » M IG H T BY I T S E L F G IV E R IS E TO SUPPORT A MOVEMENT O U T S ID E B O L I V I A GUEVARA S A ID T H IS WAS P R E C IS E L Y WHAT- HE D ID N O T W ANT TH E STRUGGLE SHOULD BE A B O L IV IA N MOVEMENT AND • O N L Y WHEN I T WAS W ELL DEVELOPED AND H IS P A R T IC IP A T IO N ALONG W IT H H IS CUBANS WAS A S IM P LE FAC T OF P R O L E T A R IA N -R E V O L U T IO N A R Y IN T E R N A T IO N A L IS M 6 SHOULD HIS -PRESENCE BE MADE KNOWN BUSTOS P O IN T E D OUT TO GUEVARA THAT BECAUSE I T WAS TH E CUBANS ‘ • ’ ‘ • •• W IT H IN TH E G U E R R IL L A BAND WHO CARRIED OUT TH E M IL IT A R Y OPERA T IO N S THERE COULD WELL BE A POPULAR R E A C TIO N A G A IN S T THE MASSACRE OF B O L IV IA N SO LD IER S FROM AMBUSH • 5 4 3 r -• GUEVARA A D M IT T E D T H A T T H IS WAS A PROBLEM BUT TH A T U N T IL THE B O L IV IA N COMRADES WERE MORE EXP ER IEN C ED AND COULD TAK E CHARGE OF TH E F IG H T IN G 2 •1 -fT a r n r Tj --'Tst—n w __ _________________ ’ ’f C O P Y LBJ LIBRARY i • r • Ji 5 4 3 • 2 1 I PAOC 9 o n o rAoes s a a n d t H E HAD NO OTHER S O L U T IO N TH E ID E A L ' S O L U T IO N HE S A ID WOULD • BE FOR B O L I V I A T O A SK FOR M IL IT A R Y A S S IS T A N C E AND FOR YA N K E E A R G E N T IN E B R A Z IL IA N E T C COMMENTS FORCES TO ' MOVE IN T O T H E F IG H T IN G ' A S P E C IA L SUPPLEMENT D A TED 16 A P R IL 1967 T O T H E M A G A ZIN E T R IC O N T IN E N T A L T O BE P U B L IS H E D B E G IN N IN G IN t % J U N E 1967 B Y TH E E X E C U T IV E S E C R E T A R IA T OF TH E P E O P LE S - OF A F R IC A A S I A 'A N D L A T IN AM ERICA CAR RIED A MESSAGE FROM C H E GUEVARAE N T IT L E D “ C R EATE TWO TH R EE MANY VIETNAM S - W ATCHW ORD TH E MESSAGE STATED TH AT IS TH E L IT T L E BY L IT T L E TH E O B S O L E T E WEAPONS WHICH ARB S U F F IC IE N T FOR TH E R E P R E S S IO N OF SM A LL ARMED BANDS W IL L BE EXCHANGED FOR MODERN ARMAMENTS AND ' T H E U S M IL IT A R Y A ID S W IL L BE S U B S T IT U T E D BY A C TU A L F IG H TE R S • f •• t tC U N T I L A T A G IV E N MOMENT T H E Y ARE FORCED T O SEND IN C R E A S IN G L Y GR EATER NUMBERS OP REGULAR TROOPS TO ENSURE TH E R E L A T IV E • • r • • • S T A B I L I T Y O F A GOVERNMENT WHOSE N A T IO N A L P U PP ET ARMY I S D I S IN T E G R A T IN G ‘B E F O R E ‘ TH E IMPETUOUS ATTACKS OP THE G U E R R I L L A S ’ I T IS TH E ROAD OP V IE T N A M I T BY TH E P E O P L E I T AM ERICA 5 THE ROAD TH A T W IL L BE FOLLOWED B Y OUR W ITH THE ADVANTAGE T H A T TH E ARMED GROUPS COULD CR EATE • C O O R D IN A TIN G C O U N CILS TO EMBARRASS TH E R E P R E S S IV E FORCES OF 0 YANKEE IM P E R IA L IS M AND ACCELERATE THE- R EV O LU TIO N A R Y TRIU M PH • 4 3 4 3 2 1 '3 g e a COPY LBJ LIBRARY IS I S THE ROAD T H A T SHOULD BE FOLLOWED e T 2 1 IN PAGE 1 0 OF 10 PAGES • r a f r n n -iy IN TTOWHI RESPONSE TO B U STO S' C O N T E N T IO N T H A T T H E A R G E N T IN E ARM Y ' W OU LD N O T IN T E R V E N E A T T H IS •-V ■ T IM E ■ • G U E V A R A S A I D T H A T WHEN T H E S T A T E D E P A R T M E N T A N D THB P E N T A G O N S A I D S O M E T H IN G A R M IE S S T E P P E D r iD IS S E H t STA TE • A B IW A I R ' C IN C S O C IN C L A N T Hk»U Oi 7 IN T O L IN E A LL' TH ESE 5 4 3 2 1 0 8 e R H T dm4Ac tu COPY LBJ LIBRARY otmrroUl LBJL NSF Country File Latin America Box 8 Folder “Bolivia vol 4 1 66 – 12 68 2 of 3 ” This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu Read related article Che Guevara and the CIA in the Mountains of Bolivia 2020-10-09