SE f 72 CfOP SECM1T National Security Agency Fort George G Meade Maryland ' -· - h4 - - 1972 - ' ·· J I ' IHI£ DOGMHOir 89tliUltl 18il W81i11 MAfifill_ TOP -8 8CH'F I Declassified and Approved for Release by NSA on 10-06-2020 pursuant to E O 13526 MDr 107694 ' - - - _ L_ - _ _ _ _ • - ·· ' - 0P 8130H'f UMBRA This is 04agon Seed4 There is fantasy irony and the bite of reality in the name It speaks of the East And like the East it suggests much says little V agon Seed 4 is both Mother China and her neighbors V4agon Seed4 is monumental and minuscule It is the past and future It begs for elaboration but gives none In it are echoed softly slurred Mandarin brittle Vietnamese determined Korean In it is the spectre looming over the Thai Lao and Khmer It is frightening and friendly It is uncertain Above all V4agon Seed4 is promise It is fertile with ideas unbounded to be cultivated with creativity and imagination It is challenge more than it is V4agon Seed4 is yours It is alive It will be May it grow with you The Editors I DRAGON SEEDS Publisher DONALD E MCCOWN CHIEF B03 Managing Editor Executive Editor Minnie M Kenny Roberts Benjamin Feature Editor Richard v Biographical Editor Curtin Jane Dunn Rewrite Editor Education Editor Victor Tanner Marian L Reed Special Interest Editor Ray F Lynch Composition Helen Ferrone Lorna Selby PRESS CORPS Bll Carolyn Y Brown B42 Peggy Barnhill 812 Philip J Gallagher B43 Mary Ann Laslo 821 Gary Stone B44 Jack L Thoma• 831 Jack Spencer B45 John E Uzarek Thoma• M Beall B5 Paul M ·uoagberg • r B32 Jean Gilligan B 2 1 ______ 833 Loui• Ambrosia B63 George S Patterson B34 Thoma• L Wood B63 William Eley 841 Jamee w Schmidt i'8P 860ftlft' UMBRA PL 86- 36 50 USC 3605 Vol l Nr 4 September 1972 llllE If CIITEIJI B Office Chiefs' Biographies 2 Things That Go Clank in the Night Mike Hricik 7 Staff 12 SEADEV--Mechanization for T A Development Allen L Gilbert 14 The Open Door Project KAY-• or Another Kind of RYE Louise Swanson 17 A Software Approach to Script Processing The Why Robert F Kreinheder 19 A Software Approach to Script Processing The Bow Ferdinand J Reinke 21 Norman Wild 24 SIGINT and Automatic Data Processing Machine Aided Translation Seedlings 27 Mk the Dragon Lady 30 Contributors 32 B OFFICE CHIEFS COL JOHN E KENNEDY Chief B3 DONALD A REED Chief Bl MICHIE TILLIE Chief B2 J 0 1 TOOLE Chief BS STEPHEN ROBERT A HIGHBARGER Chief 84 DONALD C JACKSON ChiE f B6 INDEED THE WISE MAN'S OFFICE IS TO WORK BY BEING STILL HE TEACHES NOT BY SPEECH BUT BY ACCOMPLISHMENT E DOES FOR EVERYTHING NEGLECTING NONE THEIR LIFE HE GIVES TO ALL POSSESSING NONE AN» WHAT HE BRINGS TO PASS IEPENIS ON NO ONE ELSE- - LAO TZU L 1 A- A - 'f f r ft- -1 t 1A Jij7 1 it ° 1 i ro t t ii J 1- J t l WP 8H€Rn ·UMBlh --- -- _ _______ _ EO 3 3b 3 EO 3 3b 6 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 • I OONALO A RE'EO Ch le Bf ln 1941 A C 11 Fo11 ce Capta i n Oonatd A Re e d W44 one 06 the 6 l ut th11 e e £11 Fo11 ce 06 ice l 6 to be tUi4igne d to 'A11 Un9ton Hatt 611 om the RU44lan tanguage 4ihooL at Monte 11 e y Th11 ou9hout the 1te ma i nde 1t 06°h li m lUta11 y ca11 e e 11 1t e ti11 e d J Fe b11 ua11 y 1961 in 911 ade o Colone ti he he td a vaue ty 06 ke y po4 ltioru in the Al11 Fo11 ce Se uJU ty Se 11 v C ce and NSA The ie lnctude d Ope 11 ation 6 o ice 11 06 the 1•t RSM at the t lme the Ko11 e an Wall b1toke out f 6 u« Ana ty6 l6 Oiv OAO at Hq USAFSS Chl e 6 06 the Ru 64 ian p11 06te m •242ff 611 om 1952-54 Commande 11 06 the 12th RSM at u11 g and Bingen Ge 11 many Chie 6 06 Ope 4a U on6 at the 69014t ii Zwe ib11 uckin O i1t e cto11 Ope 11 at loni at Hq USAFSS Oe puty Co-mmande 11 AFSCC at Hq USAFSS Oe puty Commande 11 6922 Scty Wing 4 Okinawa Commande 11 6925 Scty Gp at Cta11 k AB and Ch ie 6 82 Upon 11 e ti11 e mint 611 om the A lit Fo4ce MIi Re e d be came Ch ie 6 06 BOtf Foll the · pa4 t ye alt he hu be e n Ch ie 6 B1 o •••• EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 • MICHIE F TILLEY ck le B2 Michie F T ltte y h44 be e n with NSA 6011 19 ye au Fottowing Woll td W«4 11 4e 1t v C ce 44 a Navy 11 ad loman MIi Tltte y wo1t ktd in plt ivate indCL6t1t y and continue d hii inte 11 e •t· c n communication• 44 a 11 ue 11 ve · lnte 11 ce pt ope 11 ato11 with NSG He W44 11 e catte d to active duty d ll ing the Ko11 e an ·wa11 and jolne d NSA 44 a commun lcat ion 6 cte 11 k in 195 He move don th11 ou9h Se ct ion and 811 anch Chie 6 jabi ln the Indoch C ne 4e p1t obte u to 6UCCU6 lve ty mo4e inte ut ln9 u•ignme nt4 including Chit6 NSAPAC Re p e •e ntaUve PhiUppinu nd PoUcy 06fice Hq NSAPAC In the 6o me 11 capt1ci tl ' the - Mt NSA 11 e p1t U e nt«Uon £ n South ie tnam t«nd c n tlt e t«tte 11 wu intim«te ty invotve d c n PACO INCPAC 4ta66 te ve t d Mo1t e tctntty M TiUe y 4tll ve d 44 Chie 6 Paci6ic B «nch Fo tlgn Re tation 6 0 £ vii £ on 1966 1961 Se nioll U S Li« l4on 066ice 11 Me tbou11 ne 1967-1970 and Oe puty Chie 6 82 1971 19121 He hu be e n 'Ch le 6 82 i £ nce Juty 191t 2 I '118P BHeRtJf UMBlb _______ - ----· l JOHN E KENNEDY COL USAF Ch le B3 The le iu t -lltu 4 tuou 4 o 6 the Bo4 ton Ke nne dy4 he cla i m4 h 4 11 e lailonlah-lp to the pll e 4 ide nilal 6am-lly l4 not c to4e enough to do the many ha11 m 011 h lm any good Cot Ke nne dy 6le w a toull 06 combat with the Bth Ai11 Fo11 ce -ln Eull ope duung Wo11 ld Wall ll Note wo11 thy in that 4tage 06 h u miUta11 y ca11 e e 11 l4 the 6act tnat he wiu 4hot down ove 11 the Battle 06 the Bulge and th11 ough ompe n4ailng nav-lgauonat e 11 11 0 u he acc-lde ntatty e vade d captu11 e by the Ge 11 man4 At the end o Wo11 td Wall 11 he 11 tlaume d civ-ll-lan U·0·e and 6ounde d ctn only 4lightty 4uccU4 6ut bU4ine u -in Mctuachiue tu 06 wh ich he wu a co11 po11 ate oU-lce 11 At the outb11 e ak 06 the Ko11 e an Wall he wu involuntalt-ity 11 e calle d to acilve A-l11 Fo11 ce duty and 6le w anothe 11 combat tou11 -ln Ko11 e a in a n-lght inte 11 dicilon 6-lghte 11 -bombe 11 11 ote Note wo11 thy in that pha4e 06 h-l4 m i Uta11 y ca11 e e 11 l4 the 6act thctt he 6le w 56 combat m-l44-lon4 whe n only 55 we 11 e 11 e qt u 11 e d He Wa4 ll e 4pon4-lble 6011 hill own 11 e co11 d ke e p-lng to4t count and 6le w the e xt11 a W4ion which atmo4t co4t h lm h 4 l i 6e He WM then 444-lgne d to A-l11 Fo11 ce T11 a-ln-ln9 Commctnd -ln Te xM whe 11 e he taught both a-l11 ctnd 911 ound 4choot cou uu Among cou u e 6 wh-lch he w11 ote and taught we 11 e 11 Me mo11 y I mp tove me nt and ''The 011 y o 6 Nav igailon Ouung that pe lt-iod o6 t lme he comple te d h i4 6011 mat e ducailon at the Un lve u-lty 06 Ho1Uton He then wu 4e te cte d 6011 6011 e -lgn ·tanguctge t11 ain i n9 and 911 aduate d -ln 1956 w-lth no hono u 611 om· Yctle Un-lve uity 1n4 t ltute 06 Fall Ea 4te 11 n Languagu · H-l4 c11 yptoto9 ic ca11 e e 11 be gan in 1951 -lth 444-lgnme nt to the National Se cuuty Agency Cot Ke nne dy hM 6 itte d ct numbe 11 o B3-11 e tate d po4-lilon4 both ove Ue 44 and at Ft Meade 4-lnce tnat time He -l4 gtne tatty con4-lde ttd ala the p lone e 11 06 the concept 06 c11 yptoto9-lc 4appo11 t to m-lt ltuy comm4nd4 h4ving t tabl-l4he d the SSG 1th A i t Fo tct Sa-lgon and having e 4tabU4htd and d-l te cte d the SSG PAOAF Ove 11 tht pa4 t tve 11 at ye a u he hM bte n involved ln a numbe t 06 tactical SlGZN T lauppo tt tnte 11 pwu 4ome o 6 wh lch have had a modicum 06 4ucce4 Nottwoll thy among 4uch e 660 t t 6 3 'f8P SBORIJf UMBR EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 the un4ucce 446ut mititalty ope llation de 4igne d to e act s p oneu 06 wall 61tom the Son Tay pu4onell camp in Noll th Vie nam Foll hi4 e 6601t« in that opu a tion he Wa4 ducul ed by • WASHINGTON POST columni4t Jack Ande 1t4on in a column•pubti4he a bt 1911 a4 a du b-i ou4 hello • Wa Hu majo11 accompli f hme nu and hobby a11 e hi11 wl6e Te 11 11 y and hi11 dau9hte 11 Mally He i 4 1ioon to be invotun auty 11 e t-i 11 ed by the Ai IL Fo1tce • • ROBERT A HZGHBARGER Ch e 6 84 Mil Hi9hba11 9e 1t joine d NSA AFSA in Ju e 06 19S1 a6te 11 comple iln9 hill MS -i n Mathe mau u at the St te Unive uity 06 1owa H-i 4 c1typtoto9-i c ca1tee 11 ha4 be en ne a ty equally d-i v-i de d • among P1 ASA AS and B G1toup He i4 a e 1til6ie d c1typtanaly4 who ha4 6pe nt time on the hand a nd mach-lr•e c iphe u 06 Ea4t Ge It many Poland RU44ia Noll th Vietnam nd China • Since Oe ce mbe1t 1969 Mil Hi9hba1t9 11 ha4 be en Ch-i e 6 06 84 which pllovide 4 te chnicat 4e 11 v-i cu to alt 06 B G11 oup STEPHEN J b I TOOLE ck e 85 O'roote 4e 11 ved Vullin9 WollLd Wall 11 M1t 44 a Japane 4e Un9uut at A1tUn9ton Hatt Vwr l n9 the Kolle an Wall he wo1tke d a4 a Kolle an l i n9u-i 1it at A1tl-i ngton Halt and Hq ASAPAC Tokyo Be tween the wau and up until ihe move to Follt Meade he Wall involved in the Soviet p1toble m initially a4 a lingu-i 4t and tate 11 in 4u pe 1tv-i 11011 y and mana ee uaL capac-i t i e4 When ACOM Wa 6 601Lmed he became Ch-i e 06 the Re polliln9 Sta66 Foltow ln9 a ye alL at the AILmy Wall Cotlige he be came Ch-i e6 06 the CHICOM • Expto-i tailon V lv i 4-i on Thi wa4 oltowe d by a44-i gnment4 a4 Ch-i e t ol the Ope 1Lation4 Sta66 o · he ne wty 601tmed B Glloup and Oe pu ty • Cli i e 6 06 the f'llodu c Uon 01 e 1La t i on1 and Re pqnfino StaH4 Af f plle 4tnt he it Ch i e 6 BS •• the 066 i ce 06 1 PRc• ------------ 1 4 'f8P 8EORlff UMHR a ' • t W 1 - · - · - ---- --· -- - - EO 3 3b 3 OON C JACKSON Ch- -e 6 86 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 r l9 o J•o ••• began hi• c yp otogio • ••• En 6lgn ln the U S Navy wo1tklng on the Soviet • p1tobte m a t A 1r Ung ton Halt He 6U ved ln va lf lo Ag c a 6letd po 6l tlo u ln a mltlta 1r y capauty un tlt 195J including a touJr a 6 066ice1t- ln-Cha1t9e 06 the Naval Secu 1r ltq G1toup Oetachment 44 6 lgned to the Taiwan Ve6en4e Command and he U S 7th Fteet I F••• 1957 • June 1961 he held va Uou 6 Ag• •K a g men U including 81t anch Chle6 po 6i tlon 6 60 1r the Chinu e l MititaJty p1toblem 6 In Juty 1961 he became Chieo6 t'e4oducUon 0Jtganlza tlon' 6 1te 6ou1tce p 1r og1tammlng 6 ta66 dultlng which time the CCP Wa4 boJtn In 1964 0Jt Jack 6on Wa4 C11A1a1tded an NSA Fettow 6hlp to attend Geo1tge Wa4hlngton UnlveMlty whe1te he completed 1tequ l1temenu 601t the OoctoJtate degJte e Sub 6e quen t 44 6ignment4 in the 066ice 06 Southe 44 t A 6la Communl 6t4 have led him p1to91te 6 6ively 61tom Chle6 06 Sou thea4t A4ia Non-Communl 6t Nation 6 Vlvl 6lon to hl 6 pJte 6ent po 6l tlon 44 Chie 6 86 1066 lc e 06 Southe44 t A la Commun i 6t4 A 6 Chie 6 o 6 86 OJt Jack 6on ha4 been 1te 6pon4lbte 601t guiding the SIGINT ac Uvitle 6 which 6uppoJtt U S tact le at commandeM in South Vietnam a 6 well 44 the a tell and nationat levet decl 6lon-make Jt 6 ln Jte cognitlon 06 hl 6 achieve menu in thi 6 a1tea 0Jt Jack 6on W44 Jtecentty awa1tded the Exceptional ClvlUan Se1tvlce AwaJtd A good supervisor is one who can step on your toes without messing up your shine 5 T6P Mellffl' UtHHtA ' • LAOS - £ EN HET _ -•KONTUM •PLEIKU CAMBODIA • SAIGON l - - - J Tactical areas of operation for NVA araor units ' tiMB fJ 'f6P BBORBf ---- ' - ----- ------ 3 3b 3l PL 86-36 S0 use 3605 EO was eing ----e-c o r r e- a-o n-o--rll 1 a ' 1 n•o-rma-'P' 1 o n-s u g ge _s _ e_ at the of these transmissions was North Vietnamese tanks a long sought target of the cryptologic community At first it was thought that these communications were part of night tank maneuvers in southern North Vietnam However as more information became av ilable it became apparent that they were actually serving large numbers of NVA tanks and armor associated vehicles traversing the southern Laotian Panhandle enroute to an unknown area of South Vietnam The following is the methodology used to exploit these communications to the utmost degree and to provide accura e intelligence to the consumer and tactical field colll'l anders in Vietnam An in-depth analytic attack on the tank-to-tank communications revealed the probable route of movement through the southern Laotian road system The first group of NVA armor elements isolated in SIGINT apparently traversed Route 96 into the Chavana area proceeded east along Route 966 to the south Vietnamese border crossed the border in the vicinity of Oak Pek ARVN Ranger Caq and possibly moved south along National Route 14 into the area of Oak To Ben Het ARVN Ranger Camp The methodology used to ascertain the route of movement for these tanks was rather unorthodox because this was the first observation of actual tank-to-tank communications in Southeast Asia there were no guidelines available and a normal traffic analytic approach could not be used Kilometer markers mentioned in text were the beginnings of the jigsaw puzzle Available information suggested that kilometer markers 69 to 104 were located along one of six roadways in the Laotian Panhandle and adjacent South Vietnam The roadways were Routes 1032 548 128 911 96 110 966 and 22 99 The aircraft position at the time of intercept and other anomalies inherent to these communications eliminated Routes 1032 128 911 and 22 99 -RR 7 'WP JMll i I MEDIUM TANK T- 54A - CHARACTERISTICS Weight 40 tone Length w o gun 21 2 feet Width 10 75 feet Height w o AA MG 7 9 feet Speed 30 mph Fuel Capacity w aux 141 gal 215 gal Cruising Range w aux 216 miles 310 miles Main Armament 100mm Tank Gun 8 '9P 8EOBm UMRM - -- - - · - - -- -- - Movement directions mentioned in crewmember conversations yielded another key since it was reported that when the vehicles reached kilometer marker 102 they were to turn right and head south Collateral revealed that kilometer markers 102 on both Routes 548 and 96 110 are located on straight segments ofroad thereby eliminating these routes as candidates Collateral also showed the location for kilometer marker 102 on Route 966 at YC 763031 where the road takes a sharp right turn to the south and enters South Vietnam This information combined with references to fording streams crossing bridges tc suggested that Route 966 was the most likely avenue of deployment for these tanks The initial ARDF fix on an R-113 terminal was obtained on 18 February positioning it in the extreme southeastern portion of the Laotian Panhandle Later groups of NVA armor elements appeared to use Route 96 into Chavane then continue southeastwardly along Route 96 110 into the intemational tri-border area ARDF support traced this movement and subseque t groups of NVA armor were located in the Binh Tram BT 37 BT 35 and BT 44 areas Chavane Saravane and immediately west of the tri-border area one group of NVA armor elements was located by SIGINT in the Ton Le Kong River basin near the Cambodian border approximately 100 kilometers west of the Laotian South Vietnamese border The position suggested that this group was not destined for the NVA BJ Front area of responsibility in the central highlands of South Vietnam but in fact continued to move southward into Cambodia transiting- the COSVN-controlled areas possibly with the ultimate objective being the An Loe area of South Vietnam Collateral reports indicate that NVA T-54 tanks played a vital role in the siege of An Loe that began in early April There was only one SIGINT location of an NVA tank within the boundaries of South Vietnam and that was in the area just northwest of the Ben Het ARVN Ranger Camp This fix was later confirmed by photo-intelligence on the same day During the period 3 April to 24 April no NVA tank-to-tank communications were observed emanating from southern Laos and adjacent Kontum Province South Vietnam Two possible explanations for this hiatus are that these tanks and armor associated vehicles had completed their deployment to their destination and were preparing for tactical activity in the area of Kontum City or that these communications were of such low intensity that they could not be intercepted I I 'i • • 9 '19P BBOIHR l JMli •J I AMPHIBIOUS TAHIC Pt- 76 MODBL 2 - •· l · • l - CIWlACTEIISTICS Weight 15 tons Length v o gun 22 6 feet Width 10 4 feet Height 7 2 feet Speed land water 27 6 2 mph Fuel Capacity 145 gal Cruieing Range land water 160 62 5 mile• Main Armament 76ma Tank Gun 10 '19P SBCRIJf UMBRA ------ --- ----- ·- l -- - • _ - - ·- _ _ _ • - • - - · On 27 April in north-central Quang Tri Province R-113 communications revealed combat preparations for an attack on Trung Chi a village approximately 8 kilometers west of Quang Tri City Subsequent collateral indicated that on 28 April this village was overrun by an NVA infantry attack spearheaded by a number of tanks In late June NVA tank-to-tank communications possibly in an area east of the A Shau Valley in Thua Thien Province revealed offensive activity against an unspecified ARVN outpost These communications disclosed movement of tanks into the combat area tactical positioning of infantry support the initial assault regrouping and maneuvering for the final assault which apparently was successful During late July and early August SIGINT traced the movement of at least 20 NVA tanks from North Vietnam into South Vietnam These tanks were initially observed in central Ha Tinh Province on 22 July and by l August they were located approximately 30 kilometers north of the eastern Demilitarized Zone At this point this armor group was instructed to move directly into South Vietnam as quickly as possible SIGINT followed this group for 11 days as they moved approximately 200 kilometers As bits of information flowed in and were pieced together it was almost possible to plot the daily progress of the group Collateral and captured documents identified the NVA armor units operating in South Vietnam as the NVA 202nd Armor Regiment tactically committed against Quang Tri and Thua Thien Provinces and the NVA 203rd Armor Regiment supporting NVA offensive activity in the central highlands Additional collateral indicates that approximately 300 NVA tanks have been destroyed by the Allies in North Vietnam South Vietnam Laos and Cambodia SIGINT played a vital part in locating these tanks assessing their strength and suggesting the final destinations of these armor groups as they were deploying 11 'f8P SBeRB'f UMBlti i I SIGINT AND AUTOMATIC DATA PROCESSING by staff writers The SIGINT industry as any other business has an everpresent need for improvement and progress We want better quality in our information files and we want information quicker with more accuracy in detail and with greater ability to fuse information from various sources We want to increase the quality and quantity of product from the material we now collect We also want to collect more not only of the traditional material but of new types of signals and radiations as well In order to handle these increased inputs we need greater processing capability and capacity Further we have to find a way of increasing our output within constiaiuts on manpower and money Automatic Data Processing ADP is the essential resource which significantly expands the capabilities of relatively fixed numbers of personnel within the SIGINT industry ADP by its very nature promotes systematic treatment of input and output and therefore is consistent with the scientific or exhaustive approach to problem solution Present day SIGINT would be impossible without computers for they enable us to get on with the task of analyzing more material arranged and ordered for the analyst to use Rarely are we able to reduce numbers of people--instead a difficult task that could not be done otherwise is done and consumers' requirements for timely SIGINT can be met that would not be possible by hand processing We anticipate even more use of data bases our accumulated communications information in the future that will be ever-expanding in size as well as diversity of content These will enable preparation of more comprehensive SIGINT reports both technical and intelligence than would otherwise be feasible without drastically increased numbers of people Without machine assistance analysts are inundated with a variety of apparently unrelated pieoes of information which due to the large volume may never be pulled together to exploit the relationships which almost assuredly exist among them A great deal of available intelligence would never properly be recovered in time to be useful To be more specific here are two important examples of results due to computer capabilities 12 __ _ SBORErf WR •1 a One is to handle large volumes of material The important fact is that this is not material neatly classified in obvious categories in many cas it is data which appear completely random in character Computers alone can deduce non-randomness quickly to help solve a callsign or encipherment system b The other important result is the capability to deal with numerous diverse elements of informatio compare them-with each other or as they change form--by a very large number of repetitive trials and establish relationships previously completely obscure The establishment and maintenance of traffic analytic continuities is an example of this type of capability Two examples of a somewhat different character illustrate the advantage the computer provides in rapid information retrieval The TEXTA file allows immediate retrieval of basic data for intercept assignment and traffic identification The new programs dealing with intercept evaluation provide near real-time management of intercept resources in most effective way In cryptology computers are expanding our intellect just as machines earlier gave men capabilities that they could not have with their own muscles Computers are enabling us to do things that people can't do easily or at all--working with large volumes of material and comparing many elements of data rapidly enough to give information for further intelligence evaluation in time to be useful in areas of overall importance national decision-making both diplomatic and military The Jt euon 40me peop te don' t Jt ec ogn lze oppoJt tun l ty l4 becau4e IU u«tty it come4 di4gu l4ed «4 h«Jt d wo11 k 13 q 9p SHORIR lJMB la SEADEV--MECHANIZATION FORT A DEVELOPMENT Allen L Gilbert B63 The direct support of u s tactical units in Southeast Asia created a requirement for the rapid development and identification of unidentified Vietnamese Communist communications The existence of a combination of guerrilla and main force type units produces a broad variety of signal plan usage and therefore a high rate of unidentified material In a tactical situation where many enemy units change signal data to avoid detection prior to movements toward new operational areas the responsiveness of identifia_ation and t e-identification can be evaluated in terms of human lives In order to develop the needed responsiveness B6 created the Southeast Asia Development Program SEADEV providing mechanized processing for large amounts of unidentified intercept on a daily basis The intercept is reported daily by field intercept units in the Southeast Asia Technical Summary SEATS a formatted reporting vehicle forwarded electrically to NSA The incoming SEATS is automatically placed in the machine system at NSA and unidentified records are matched against the data bank for all identified communications Activities for which both the transmitter and receiver callsigns match those of identified case notations are supplied with that notation and tagged for the appropriate analytic element The remaining unidentified material is run against the callsign bank containing the recovered books and page• of the Vietnamese communist callsign system and placements book and page row column are added to the records Vietnamese Communist signal plans are of great variety and degrees of sophistication ranging from daily changing basicgenerated callsigns through a multitude of date repeat patterns to fixed callsigns Since a large number of these plans involve either daily changing or pattern extracted callsigns from specific books of the callsign system the unidentified SEATS records are sorted daily by the book placement of the transmitter callsign Developmental analysts are assigned responsibility for exploitation of specific books and receive daily listings for their areas of responsibility l f 'l QP _- ti c - - _ -- 1 ' - - 814JRB'f tJMBRA t -· - -'- ----_ - - - - - - - _ _ - _ - _-_ _ _ _ _ _ ________________ - ___ As data repeats within a 90-day depth of SEATS the records build and the analyst compares it with known users of particular books with message types and with Airborne Radio Direction Finding results to determine if it is part of an already identified activity If the data is identifiable it is turned over to the appropriate case analyst for development with his other identified communications Material which cannot be identified but which meets criteria for case notation is appropriately notated and the pertinent data is -incorporated into intercept and traffic identification aids which may produce identifications on other uncased SEATS entries subsequently received The case is then turned over to area development analysts supporting field collection management authorities Here it is placed on wideband recovery assignment and on developmental positions in the field to expedite the identification through greater intercept coverage As the coverage builds the case material many of the developmental activities can be associated with known entities and assigned as part of an entity which is in the regular intelligence reporting cycle SEADEV has not only supported the identification of new communications but has been invaluable for recovery of communications changes The resolved data also becomes part of other machine programs supporting the effort against the Vietnamese Communist target I I H- 15 'f8P BBOIHR UMIIRh CRYPTO-SCRAMBLE Richard Atkinson Unaamble each of Che five numbered crypto-scrambln piecing one letter in Heh 1pece to form five wo ch or names each of which fitl the •tinition to its right 1 ____ LEG FRONDS Q_Q __ Clenical palyllphabetic ty1tem using 1ht flnt 10 ows of• Viglfltre squ1 e 2 Grill• window g i 3 SHIPROOM _______ Q 4 POETWOROACT _Q __ Q_Q ____ 5 DRYOMENS - _Q __ Q __ A • • - which ha the 11me pattern • another Mquanct Requim bo1h en enciphering 1nd •ciphlrint ·•ica RYE program tlich tall for monom• dinome subltitutlon Now 1rr119 the cirdld lttten to fonn die ayp __ - by die cartoon rftht Print CRYPTOANSWER hen ---------Answers on page 29 16 110PSEORmlJMMA ·--·- ' THE OPEN 1001 Wt 6eel to be companion6 aton9 the w«y The tante n which we ca y i4 not ou 4 The 6pi1Lit which we 4ha e i6 con agio t ought The nowledge which we ga n an ttum naling to ch And «tt who 4ee m«y pe ceive and le« n r- -The Concept 06 O agon Seed6 PROJECT KAY--OR ANOTHER KIND OF RYE by Louise Swanson CS Recognizing that the RYE-AUTOLINE system would not be able to support all potential automatic decryption processing C Group provided for development of Project KAY as a complementary system Messages suitable for Project KAY are those in cryptosystems whose decryption would require excessive RYE resources and those whose priorities normally permit the accumulation of messages for several hours before decryption With the expectation that G Group would be the largest initial user the development of this processing system was assigned to CSJ the division responsible for servicing G Group Project KAY has been operational for more than two years in various forms on increasing traffic volumes of G Group targets Both electricallyforwarded traffic and messages on special-source magnetic tapes are being decrypted automatically daily Electrically-forwarded traffi c being processed includes diplomatic messages in both ILC and national net traffic the latter being STRUM-formatted in accordance with TECHINS 1022 This traffic is automatically routed from the comm center to the Field Data Processing area in C7 Here it is put through a communications handling system that provides batches of input data to Project KAY several times daily Electrical data that arrive during afternoon and night hours between 1100 and 0600 is processed at 0200 and 0600 and decrypts are available by 0730 and 0930 Electrical data that arrive before 1100 daily are usually decrypted and available by 1400 Diplomatic 17 iQP i iJCBm' UMHRt 1 j EO 3 3b 3 • PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 messages from various special sources are received•on m netic tapes at NSA these messages are normally processed and· identified in C6 before distribution of the ha d copy i 8' made to OPI analysts The messages are also retained in maoijinable form and are available for automatic decryption within a few hours after arrival Since most of this sp cial souroe traffic arrives after 1500 daily it can be processed at nighe ith the electrically-forwarded traffic and the decryptions maae available each morning often before the hard copy version- as been completely distributed through normal phannels A s all volume of AG-22 traffic is being handled by the system but it currently requires some human intervention ' • KAY processing divides Project into several steps Input is a data stream consisting of ail messages availab1e from a particular source s on many ta -get nationalities In the first step the program isolap s individual messages n the data stream determines the Rationality of each mejsage and identifies the message exte rnals The second step ie selection of messages for further pf cessing according to n tipnality target designator On y those messages on targets where at least one cryptosystem can be read automatically r processed further Messages ar •identified by cryptosyste i the third step and the text of those that can be read is completely edited and formatted for input to the last step- th appropriate decryption program Format flexibility has beeri incorporated in the editing p Ocedure so that existing decryption programs can be used wit in the KAY system • • • Automat decryption through Project KAY can be made available for non G Group targets upon request reqµire ents should be forwardeA to appropriate CS support divisions __ha _t •__ r•te _ ie IBr I _ __ On · uch byJuly css in support of the •a -i lir APPlicat Dunng gust 197 rojecY success u iy iffiin ified several messages and edited them for subsequent on-line decryption v a t e Project RAPIDS program TWIST Projett RAPIDS is a set of general crypt diagnostic programs on 360 85 Combining KAY and RAPIDS processing against the messages demonstrated the usefulness of Project KAY to B12 since it made automatic decryption possible with a minimum of custom programming • 18 'JXW ilGRIR' IJMBlh - - - ' ---- ---- ---- - - - - --- ' _ _ _ _ _' ' ' _' _ _' __ _ _ _ _ _ - ----------- - - - - - - - --------·- -' 7 EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 ••Ii 10P 88ORJR UMDRi't · · ·• - · · • · · A SOFTWARE APPROACH TO SCRIPT PRQCESSING by Robert F KreinhedE r Bl2 § · · 0° r4g B12 I TKl WH t • I ofwhat a i oft h termed exotlc remploy wfltiy a rs which are • i5izarre to Western #fes are written in various combinations aJ U juxtJpositions to fl rm syllables of which tone indicators are a part Unlike th Roman or Cyrillic alphabets whose letters are written in consecutive order characters of ese languages • are wcl tten in 1rregula p a t e r n s w 1 s o me c a r a c t e r s-w 1 tten above or below otheis Since the number of characters•involved is also larger unique Morse equivalents must be used in some•languages when comni unicating Barred letters are used by cg1lection personnel to· represent the unique Morse •characters· Some languages have no standardized method for spelling plal n text in communicat ons but employ cipher equivalents •instead • There has long bee an interest in d e v e • o eapab L ti ty for machlne scripting of In some cq mtries various entities e g m 1tary guerrilla -now use different equivalents· for the same language making the common script representation very desirable With the increasing reliance on machine-· supported analysis and machine • decryption of cipher messages • there has been an increasing n ed for standard scripted output Presently the JUNGLE BOOK projec is being launched to develop CAMINO- ype machine dictionary files for Bl2 languages This project should ba•a great help in alleviating tWe paucity of dictionaries and '11 ossaries and should substantially assi t efforts to exploit message texts It is essential that • published versions of these JUNGLE BOOK files employ native • scripts The use Qf script is also desirable for working aids and training matefials so as to eliminate the confusion and • difficulty that artificial representation entails • • 1 noau es invol ved-i ---- - -- have different 1£ sometimes related character sets rint c ains for these languages have not been available at NSA and indeed their acquisition could be somewhat I I r B12 Th i · _ 1 19 ' '118P BfiEJH'f lW-A r I •j ' irr r ractical because of the limited volume involved the number of different languages the large size of the character sets and the irregularity of character placement patterns and 1 rinting motion At this time a set of practical programs sinq available machines is being developed to accomplish scripting by machine The linguist•s contribution to this process has been to draw and plot the characters using readily understood procedures provide the programmer with necessary data on alphabetic order and syllable construction - and provide frequency statistics to control internal access priorities 812 has been fortunate to have had among its personnel a skilled programmer with interest and enthusiasm to pursue the scripting problem successfully In the following article he explains his approach to programming toward this goal n z kti wu °PHi Fa kHi Nfr ff r 1 C# s ft $ L 1 S• 4060 Lao Output rl--ir r w' utneuloits n Ul Ol'JUQU a OlJ'JlJf 0 Lao Newsprint 20 'JQPiBCRIRHMBRsA i • - ' ' -A SOFTWARE APPROACH TO SCRIPT PROCESSING THE HOW by Ferdinand J Reinke Jr B12 The concept of producing non-standard script on a computer can take two approa hes hardware or software The hardware approach is to modify a printer in some semi-permanent fashion The software approach uses the computer t o automatically control a device to form characters The purpose of script representation is to achieve several of the following goals 1 give usable machine output to a linguist 2 achieve standardization in languages where there is a non-standard Morse equivalent 3 give the linguist a standard reference for languages with non-standard transliterations 4 provide a method whereby novice linguists may become immediately productive and 5 provide non-Roman linguists the same services available to Roman linguists The hardware approach has two kinds of problems first-time setup problems and each-time recurrent problems Th initial problems are designing a font setting up a metal die productn9 the print train verifying and correcting errors and establishing a Universal Character Set UCS The each-time recurrent problems are removal of the standard print train alignment of the printer timing disk installation drop-in of the pr i nt train loading of the UCS buffer which prints the characters and verification of the printed copy Yet for high-volume nee s such as Russian Cyrillic this approach is perhaps the most efficient Another hardware approach is the electrostatic ink jet printer This method uses an electric field to control an ink flow on the paper The drawbacks are the prohibitive cost the fact that the state of the art is not advanced enough to support it and it does not produce subscripts or superscripts The software approach assumes 1 the system should be language independent with the program written in a high level symbolic language to make it compatible across systems 2 the program's machine and system must be independent 3 the oµtput microfilm will save space and have several other uses 4 the program will be usable to a non-programmer 5 the size of the image should be controlled by the user and 6 the program should be modifiable as to directional flow i e left to right or reverse and top to bottom or reverse 21 WP 8i€RIR UMBR-A 1 J a lg t - _ _ J L IJ 5 Burmese Newsprint 4060 Burmese Output I I A d LS J2U111'i ' _ ' 11ftn11Ul1fHlflll lTUlllllll'Mlf· t IU 1 lllt 1f fJ U11 11 ftffllf'M fllt'I e 1 M DAiwn · 1r 11r1 '' ' ii11i• i I • Wtfffl11ilfllf 1f ff 1 11 I 4 t e _tl_-4 1 k tfn_1u1 1i t r1 • 111 I • I Thai Nev•print· 4060 Thai Output 22 'MP SfieRfft' tJtlBRlt ' i ------- The pioneering work done in the Chinese and Japanese languages is slightly different from what is needed In Chinese and Japanese one character represents one idea or unit However in any alphabetic language spacing immediately comes to the front To further add to the complication in Southeast Asian languages script is not restricted to one line of sequentially progressing letters so here lies the problem a low volume user with a non-English alphabet complicated by tones and other special marks who needs to see his language in script form The full system is designed to run on the IBM 370-165 but since the programs are written in Fortran the system should be moveable The user has to design his input equivalents using circles arcs and straight lines This table of equivalents is all that relates the programs to a particular language Being language independent means any user can design and implement his target language script without any programming The script is produced on the Stromberg DATAGRAPHIX 4060 which is a COM computer output microfilm device via the Integrated Graphic Subroutines Library on the 370 Microfilm is then available for printing or can be used directly as a viewing medium The 4060 is the logical choice for the device to be used for the following reasons It isl capable of doing what is needed 2 in-house 3 underused 4 flexible and adaptable to different uses and 5 programmable using what is immediately available I I i The actual how-to-do-it mechanism ·is as follows design a character set inside a rectangle on graph paper Next break the character into a aeries of circles and straight lines Then verify the machine's output and modify as necessary That is the setup before processing material It is our goal to provide the facilities to create dictionaries traffic working aides decrypts reference manuals and training materials 23 '1'8P SBORB'I' UMBltA MACHINE-AIDED TRANSLATION Norman Wild B03 In th- t the -Hc ond 06 t ltJr ee a1tuctu on t Jtan6ta ti on and the mac hi ne M11 W td 6e t 6 6oJt th 6ome nec u 6a1ty coM i de1tation 6 601t t lte dec -i 6i on to U6 e 011 not to u 6 e the compute11 a 6 an adjunct to t11 an 6tauon AUTOMATIC LOOK-UP A more modest oal than full machine translation is automatic look-up in which the machine identifies words or units of lookup in the text locates the target-language meaning on a dictionary tape and prints the meaning At its best automatic look-up saves the translator a lot of time in thumbing the dictionary and prevents errors that might be made by a translator who was oversure of his knowledge or unwilling to bother to consult a dictionary There may be fringe benefits The printout of the dictionary tape can serve as a desk aid the looked-up words can be flagged for subject matter interest and could further provide English equivalents if desired word frequencies can be tallied definitions can be evaluated in context no-matches will show what words are missing from the dictionary and so on Without going the whole way there is semi-automatic look-up to be considered In this procedure the translator enters the word into a computer perhaps by way of a keyboard and the definition is printed out or appears on a scope The advantage of semi-automatic look-up over thumbing a dictionary is that the tape is easier to update and the program can find distorted or incomplete words The advantage over full-text look-up is that the experienced translator who should know when he needs help is not getting a lot of information which he does not need and which costs money to provide There are some disadvantages to using automatic look-up in addition to the obvious costs of preparation and operation The look-up may encourage the translator to rely on the English printout rather than to study the language or at least to go to other dictionaries which would be more informative It may even 24 'JQP __ _ L Z UZL • ct i GCRE'f HMBIM d •·•- M ----- -------- ------------ - ·- --- encourage attempts by people who do not know the language at all to piece a meaning together from the stream of definitions That could be disastrous ' When then should we use automatic look-up It is feasible and desirable under certain conditions and a table of indications and contraindications may be set up Note that automatic look-up shares many of the difficulties of machine translation PRO 1 V-i cilonaJi y in mach-i nabte 6oJi m alJi e ady available oJi p4e pa4ing one i4 de4iJi able 60 otheJi Ji £a6on6 -- U4ually to p«nt out a de6k dic u onaJi y when no available one i4 4ati46acto4y i4 4eJi ve any additional pu4po e 3 Spelling 06 input language i4 con4i6tent and compatible with the 6petting on the dicuona4y tape 3 Spelling i4 incon4i6tent and caU4U ambigu-i tiu and d-i 6 6icul ty in equating tc tl1e 6o4m on the d-i c u ona4y tape The inc o ui4te ncy could a 'l H 64om igno4ance c4yptog4a phic con4 tJ1 aint4 OJI option - lac 06 ha4d Ji ule 4 in the ta 9et language lack 06 6tandatd Roman-lzat-ion oJi Moue etc 4 4 Te t i 4 a 6tJ1 eam 06 yllabl u OJI 6 malleJi unit-6 down to lette46 w-ithoit wo4d divi4-i onl and wo d4 have to be 6ound -i n the 4t eam by unw-leidy te4t6 which a e not atway4 4ellabte Unit 4 06 took-up aJi e ea4y to 6ind in the 4tJi e am 06 te t WoJi d-4pace M aJi e 4ent a code g4oup 4tand4 604 a welt de6ine d Wo4d oJi ph4a6e etc I Ma ch inabte - 6oJi m d-ict i 01laJ1 y 2 Language would have to be punched oJi typed 604 thi4 6cle ptLJt po4e I I 1 i4 not available and would not 2 Input language i6 alJi e ady -in machinable 6oJi m oJi ha6 to be put -i n thi4 6oJi m 604 otheJi pu4po4e 4 It may be that the input i4 available 44 a by-p4oduct 06 the4 opu auon4 I l CON I i • •' I - - - - - -- - - - - - - - - · -- -- -- ------ · - -·-· ·--- - - r P O CON S 8a6e 6oJt m i 6 not changed much oJt at all by i n6lecuon S Ba4e 6oJt m i 6 changed dJta6t lcatly by in6lect lon 6 TJtan6latoJt6 aJt e compaJt atively untJt ained and lnexpeJt ienced and alte 6lowed down con6ideJtably by lack 06 vocabu la1ty 6 TJt an6tatoJt 6 aJt e 6amit laJt with common vocabu laJt y and have d i 66 i cu tty only with advanced tJtan6lat i on pJt obtem6 which an automat-i c took-up would not help 7 Alu ch vocabulaJt y coM l6t6 o t clinic al tU m6 r4'itlt neat Engl-i6lt cqu ivalen u 7 TJtan6tauon pJtoblem dot6 not t le in the ba6 i c meaning 06 the woJt d but in the be6t JtendeJt i ng in vaJtying context 8 Thete i4 much need 6oJt nextJt alingu i 6 t ic ln o1tmation luch a6 lat tu de longitu de 06 placename bJt i e 6 du u ipt-i oni 06 peM onal it-i e aJ1 b i t1taJty 6tandaJt d tJt an6 • lation6 expan6 i on6 06 abb1tev i at lon6 etc 8 VocabutaJty 6houtd be 6am i t i aJt to a t i nffu i 6 t with a good tJt adiuonat • ltnowledge o 6 the input language 9 LaJtge vocabu taJty i6 U 6td becal l4e 06 6u bject matteJt e g indu 6tJtial 6cien«6ic 9 Vocabu laJt y i 6 not taJtgeJt than a tJt an6latoJt can be expected to teaJt n 10 Volume 06 text i 6 gJteat enough to make the ba6 i c expenditu Jte woJtthwhite 10 Votu mei aJte 6mall and i nte1tmittent «me 6pent in pJtepaJl i ng tke 6y6tem could not be 1tepaid 11 T1tan6lauon6 aJte not Jtequ-i Jted immediately we can toteJt ate the delay6 ln pJtepaJt i ng mateJt i d 6oJt mach lne and wa lung 6oJt pJl i ntou u 11 TJtan6lauon6 aJte Jt equ-i Jt ed in a hu JtJt y mateJtiat cannot wait o batching o technicat and admini6tJt auve d tay6 In considering automatic look-up we need to keep in mind that it is a translation aid only There must be no presumption that the program finds all words or always defines them correctly or that it solves all grammatical or semantic problems It is never a substitute for language study hard work or common sense 26 mP iiGRR' WIBBA 'NP SEORIJf UMW I I I EDLINI IIH - 1l f ' ' ----The National Cryptologic Schoel is offering the pilot presentation of a computer-managed course in FORTRAN ·Iv from 0800-1630 hours daily in Room A1B33 FANX II Exceptional Civilian Service Award There is no registration scheduled classes or credit given Dr Don c Jackson Ch B6 for the course Students proceed Meritorious Civilian Service Award at their own pace but must finish Oscar Steele 863 the course within five weeks Those completing the course will be permitted to take the final Joint Service Commendation Medal exam for MP-227 FORTRAN ProgramCAPT Harold E Joslin Ch a ming and 1hould they pass will TS9t Charles H LaFosse B3 TSgt Garland E Freeze B32 be registered and credited for completion of that course Gy Sgt Raymond S Cuddy 861 Interested personnel should contact Mr Gibb• or Mrs Garlick on extension 8555 ----A uaera' guide for the Lewis Syetem of Diagnostics LSD written by Danny Boyter B03 and - The personality parade which introduced top B officials to Al Verbit1 Pl is hot off the our _readers will no longer appear pre••• - The guide consi•ta of as a feature in ·O u90K Se e 6 after seven computer programa designed this issue It will be replaced to search fo known phenomena in by Buddh4 Spe 4k4 a column which hand systems It includes data will spotlight those people among manip lation progrmu which the NSA work force whoae reputagenerate Delo litreams width test• and varioua counta There tion is so exalted it has earned them the title •Enlightened One •re also pro9ra1111 which search for indicat • ud fibonacci key generation Copiea Y be ob tained by contacting the ----Mathematical Support to author• on 5210• or 5296s Traffic Analysis a Pl-sponsored symposium held in the Senior -- -congratulations are in order Since the last issue the following B personnel have been singled out for honor• · · •••• •••• 27 L EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 Cryptologic Course Center FANX Anotper display contains an II during May accomplished its exhibit•of Eighteenth Century main objective to get Traffic Japanhse netsuke--a device used Analysts and Mathematicians talk- bf•the Japanese to fasten their ing to each other B participa purses to their belts The Towtion was extensive Ken Cohen • son display contains several B45 spoke about CHICOMI _ j examples of the netsuke carved Callsigns Foster E Slade B out of both wood and ivory and delved into Desk Analyst's a brief explanation of how it Math and Robert s Benjamin was used B03 not only chaired the panel Aboriginal wood carvings and discussion on the final day of weavings are on display in the the symposium he also gave an Center lobby Overview of Math Support to The Asian Arts Center on Traffic Analysis the fifth floor of the Albert S Cook Library on the Towson State campus is open to the public from 10 a m to noon and 2 p m ----The RJE Users Group previous- to S p m Saturday ly sponsored by C7 until its demise in mid-August is being revived under CS03 auspices Willard Davenport 3655s can ----WIN is Women In NSA provide additional information Di isa fledgling organization inviting B Group women to participate in special interest groups •••• like Consciousness Raising Up----Several new exhibits are on ward Mobility and Self display in the center for the Education Asian Arts at Towson State Col mis reaching out to you lege Contact Olive Bennett Pl One display case is devoted to or Dee Zellers Ml and £ 1 incense Featured in the exhibit are incense burners and pipes believed to have been first used for burning incense ----Don't forget the Learned A brief history of incense is Organizations September begins also included tracing its usage a new membership year for them as it traveled through India They are offering expanded proChina and Japan with the grams new activities They are Buddhist religion seeking fresh outlooks broader participation intriguing innovations They need your support •••• •••• 28 - - - L P'f-' 6K RgJ JMMA 'f8P SBellti'f UMBRA ----The Traffic Analysis Career Panel has released several of the old exams with answers for dissemination to individuals preparing for future T A PQEs Mel Johnson of B02 extension 5978s can fill you in on the details i ·i i l Dr Lowell K Frazer Sl 7 Dec 72 Cryptographic Decay TOP SECRET CODEWORD All persons with the necessary security clearance are invited to attend ----Did you know that the Cryptolinguistic Association is making plans for its second annual Coffee and Conversation and is seeking donations of pastries finger foods and ethnic dishes 1 Florence Wagner B12 is the person to contact if you've a keen desire to flaunt your culinary expertise Extension 7128s or 6497 black ----On schedule for the CLA 1972-1973 lecture series are A Human Factors View of Translation James Mathias - October Machine Bookbreaking Afinity between Statistics and Linguistics George Wood - November Information Transfer Korean to English Henry Sullivan - December Translation as a Profession Lawrence Murphy - January ----Appearing next in the current monthly lecture series of the Crypto-Mathematics Institute held in the NSA auditorium at 09 30 hours are Ralph E Walker RS - S Oct 72 Uses of the Fournier Transform in Digital Signal Analysis SECRET CODEWORD Charles w Bostick G4 2 Nov 72 ANSWERS TO CRYPTO-SCRAMBLE Probe Vectors SECRET 1 Grons fe ld 2 Aperture 3 Isomorph 4 Two-part code 5 Syndrome CRYPTOANSWER WHEATSTONE 29 '19P SECREF UMRIM j I l Il -II ' I ----- - - -·-- - ·- ·'' ASK Tf f · OlUGON LAOV Dear Dragon Lady1 I am responding to two letteri which appeared in the March 4goK Seecu but which I only recently saw one ·from Mr De Gregorio B12 and the other from Nang Ha Nyan who ·claims to be in B03 Mr De Gregorio' • firsts Bath El Language Training and Pl Linguistic Support can be of some help in tracking down persona who can give training in the leas common languages Pl6 in particular is in a position to tap reaourcea of a wide area uaually without a great deal of delay I suggest that you spell out your needs for training and tor working aids as precisely as possible and pass thf lm along to rile in a memo And Nang Ha blyan•si As far •• I ow nothing is bein'g done about expanding the number of languages which are being taught overl aa in their native environment from its present modest one Chinese Such training is expensive but as you said it's also very effective and perhaps a caae can be made for tin other languages too- needs known answer it Again my suggestion ia t o make your If you write a memo somebody ha to JOHN S LAWRENCE chief 1 16 lI I • r l I I' 119P 30 8BORBf IJMll t - - - - --- - - - ·1 i '1'8P 880Rlff UMDRi EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 USC 3605 The Dragon Lady hwnbly suggests that when trying to locate experts in the minor tongues cf mainland Southeast Asia Pl6 not overlook the talents of the Justin Morse family one of the most durable missionary families in the China-Burma Hump who after 51 years of administering to tribes in the Shangri-La valleys at the top-of-the-world are back in the United s ates renewing ties with the Christian Church following ouster from their adopted homeland by the Revolutionary Government of the Union of Burma Through educational and medical as well as religious programs Dr Morse and family earned the loyalty of Kachin Naga and Khamti Shan tribesmen so much so that until 1965 these same hill peoples frustrated the central government·'s efforts to serve expulsion orders initiated in 1961 Dear Dragon Lady I welcomed Kay Swift's comments to the Dragon Lady in %11utg on se e cu • Vol 1 Nr 3 dated June 197 2 regarding my article Cryptanalrsis Through Functional Lin uistics appearing in the f rst Issue of this pµl icatlon DONALD P LENAHAN 82 31 ----- - -- ·- --- -- ·- CONT'R IBUTORS AL GILBERT 863 came to NSA in 1966 a6te-'I -'Le ti ting 6-'Lom the A-'1 my Secutity Agency Ma CW3 While in ASA he 4e-'l ved -ln E ope the Fa EMt SoutheMt A4-la and at NSA wo king at vatioU4 time4 cu epo te L t La66ic andty4t Ru t 4ian lingu-l6t and c-'l yptanaly4t MJL Gitbe Lt who i4 p-'Lo6e44ionaUzed a4 a Special Re6ea-'1 ch Analy6t wo-'Lked the Vietnamue Communi4t miUta-'l y p-'l oblem until July 1972 when he joined 6o-'Lce6 with 81 techn-lcian4 p-'1 obing the vagatie6 06 KoJLean c-'l yptogJLaphy MIKE HRICIK 86 82 ini ti dtly ente-'l ed the hallowed po-'l tal6 06 NSA a6 a lowly SP 5 in mid-1961 a6te L a -'Lathe lengthy 6ojou n in the Cent dt H-lghtand6 06 South Vietnam whe e he became an a dent Montagna-'1 d cupi ant At NSA Mike delved into the my6te t ie4 06 tJt a66ic analy6-l6 intelligence analy4i6 and Lepo L ung while ea-'1 n-lng the eputauon 06 being a veJLy competent Vietname4e l-lngui6t Hi6 a66-lgnment to Sa -lgon in 1910 and 1911 wcu unde L l gency aU4p-lcu to co-6pon6o-'I an NSA people-to-people p-'l og-'l am He -'l etu-'l ned in time to be tcuked with the du uu 06 the Senio-'L tUJLty Old Man 06 86 du uu he hcu not -'1 eUnquiihed yet ROBERT F KREINHEOER 81203 came to NSA in 1957 He wa6 Chie6 06 the Bu-'l meie 4ection 6 Lom 1961 to 1967 and 6ince then hcu been wo-'Lking cu a c-'l yptoUngu-l6t on Southecut Ai-la p-'Loblemh MJL K-'1 einhedeJL ttoldh the 8 A degJi ee 6-'Lom Co-'Lnelt UniveMity and NSA ce LU -lcauon cu a p-'Lo6e66-lonal Ungui6t He hah 6e-'l ved cu Cha Ji man 06 the Bu Ji meie PQE Committee and -l6 beginning wo-'Lk a 6 6ile executive 60-'L the Bu-'l me4e KaJLen and Kachin machine d-lctiona-'l y 6-llei SGT FEROINANO J REINKE JR 06 812 and the 6948 Scty Sq USAF hcu heven yea ui expe t ience -ln the 6ietd 06 data p oce66-lng He i6 at p4e6ent on miUtaJLy leave 06 abience 6-'Lom Ame t ican Telephone 8 Tete9 1Laph Company whe e he Wa 6 a membe4 06 the P og4ammlng Sta66 cu6-l9ned to the Compute-'L Ope auon6 Sy4tem4 G-'1 oup While with that G Loup he wo4ked exten4ively with lBM 360 opeJLaUn9 6y6tem6 at va t iocu leveli Sgt Reinke hold6 a BEE deg ee 6-'Lom Manhattan College and l4 a membe 06 the ln6titute 06 Elec tJt icd and Elec tlt onic cng-lneeM and 06 the A66ociauon 06 Computing Machine y 32 T-QP 6HCRIR' UMIIR-A J EO 3 3b 3 PL 86-36 50 use 3605 ' LOUISE SWANSON 06 C53 4Jr M ve d at NSA in Fe b1tua1ty 1965 • 1 ho1ttty a6te Jt be lng tVA1a1tde d the B S n Mathe mat lu by Pu due Un-lve 1t• -6 lty She l6 a 91taduate 06 the P1 C1typtol 09 lc M4 he ma t lc lan P1to91tam and hot p1to6e 66 lonat ce1t t l6-lca t lon tU Data S 6te m6 Anaty-6t and Mathe mat lc-ian 1'u ng he Jr NSA ca1te lJt Mu SwanAon lta 1 wo1tke d tU a c1typtanal y 1 t on the V le tnamue Commun l6t h-lgt·q dg m Uta u ntgl qgns §Uite m -ln 86 _tU a p1tog1tamme1t on_ _ _ _ _ j and on valU oU-6 pltoje cu -ln C • n ku pJtue n tU6 gnme n _ ft C53 6he p1tov-lde 6 6u ppoJtt 601t G G1toup cJtyptanatytic p1tobl em6 M« Swan6on -l6 a me mbe Jt 06 the Compute Jr ln601tma t lon Sc le nee 1n6t i tute and 06 the GEBA 8oa1td 06 D-l1te cto u NORMAN W1LO 803 -l6 one 06 the Age ncy'6 601te mo 1 t mul t i Ungu l-6t6 He h u be en w-lth NSA and p1te de ce -6601t age nc lt-6 6 lnce Se pte mbe Jt 194 wo1tk lng ma lnty w-lth Falt Ecute 1tn language 6 lt -l6 Jte t-labty 1te po1tte d that he Jte ad-6 STC Uke pta n language M1t W-lld 1 6 acade m-lc back91tound -lnclude 4 t e 8 A 19391 and the M A • ltt Ch lnue and Japanue 1941 6Jtom Columb-la Un lve u i t J He -l6 the authoJt 06 nume JtoU-6 l -lngu l 1 t lc 1te 6e 1te nce and tJta ln-lng a ld-6 w-lth ln NSA and htU long be en conce 1tne d with the -lnte 1tpl ay 06 compute « and language · • 33 'WP iEORIJ r UMBRA · - - -- ---- 3 ---- 1i REMEMBER IT'S CLASSIFIED