TOP SECRET ·1 · · ' T O P ' S E G R B '3 ELECTRONIC EQUIPMENT - U-2 PROGRAM 1955 - 1966 ·I System l I I ·1 mo-wa·oldridge 1955-56 Origina uy· designed as an S-Band Elint rec'eiver to pick up GCI · and air defense signals the system was c·hanged to include half X-Band receivers to pick up air intercept communications blind bombing and missile control signals · The ·system was designed to receive and record on magr etic tape pulsed microwave signals emanating from regions within line-of-·sight range of the receiving a ntennas in the U-2 CJp to the end of 1957 System I had been the source of the Project's greatest 'pay-of£ in Elint collection lt was replaced in 1959 by System V_l ·I ·I • System ll Ramo-Wooldridge 1955-59 '_ - • he original communications _and n 1 viga tion system for the U-2 did not work out see Chapter _Y Oeve·fopmeX -t and ·Procurement p 12 System UI t 'l 1 · · 1 I I ' Ramo-Wooldridge_ 1955-57 S T L 1963 Thls VHF recorder developed as the 'o riginal COMINT collection · package for _the U-2 · was designecl to· detect a utomatica lly a nd record a sample of all radio sigru ls in the _fr'e_quency b·a nd between 95 and 145 megacycles including continuous test c_arrier · CW tr_ansmission and AM broadcast and to record the· requency of the ·s lgnal and the time of recording The building of a · prototype was· authorized· in June 1955 and an order for six receivers plus spa·r e 3 and test sets was given in April· 1956 In August 1957_the Project Di- ·ector advise_d the Chairman of the Requirements Committee that it was the opinion of the principal customer for System III that at leq st as it had been employed to date this system yield d a product not even of margin al intelligence value It was suggested that the equipment -a ther than ope ating in a searchand •locl •on -mode be pre-set l o frequencies on ·which valuable take might be anticipated in order to obtain longer anq more continuous samples - The systen a t that point was onl_y carried on experimental I 'l'O · - s c _ T I • • • - · ·1- '1' 1 o·P S E 6 R E 'f ·rn1ssions in order to establish its value by p o itive evid e nce · On 16 Sept ember 1957 the PToject Director instructed ·the Director of Development and Proc urement to eliminate System m ·and on 26· · · March 1958 the Contracting Officer instructed Rai no- -Wooldridge to transfer System ill surplus _materi l to the_Navy · -I 1 In 1963 Syste ll Ill was resurrected and updat -d and several OEL personnel were trained by Systems Technology Laboratories of TRW · in Ol'der to provide _for eme·rgency instal atio n and ntenan ce ·or the system _in case of need The system has been deleted from the IDEALIST · configuration a nu m ber of times the latest date being 1 June 1 967 System XXI will replace · · ·1 I I TOP6EGRET System IV Ramo-Wooldridge 1955 - 58 This unattended airbo rne FERRET syatern was designed t receive and record automatically electromagnetic energy radiation in the general - it frequency spectrum between 150 and 40 000 _megac ycles A very complex 00' aystern requiring· rnore than two years development and testiug its l iasic 0 1 0units in luded 8 frequency-sweeping auperheterodyi e r _e ceivers · · c - 2 crystal video wide open receivers a ·l4-channel magnetictape recorder CII U an oscilloscope and· a film recorder The enginee·nng _s _tudy ·was begun 0 DD in July 1955 and an acceptable plan with technical xhibit was ·finally presented by Ramo-Wooldridge in May 1956 The Agency Elint Staff • Cl DD Officer ___ _ _ _ _ _ ___ recornmen ed acceptance a nd simultaneous · · ' work on the system rea d-out equipment and test equipment ·to avoid any· 'C 0 further delay · In Oct be-r 1956 permission was giv n for a delay in · ·_ delivery o the prototype in order to i eaiize savings ·of $150 000-in over- • G I ' 'time pay · The prototype was finally delivere_d to the test site in _Februa ry c ci •- 4U VJ 1957 ·Arrangements were ma de with th·e Navy to flight test th aystern u S _against equipment at Point ·M ug u Navy Missile Teat enter · Teating·and· · · rework continued through the summer of 1957 and in September-an ur·gent _ - · · requi rement hastened the final testing for a special rnia8ion_which was · run by Detachr nent A on 11 October 1957 over the Barents Sea with good results • System IV w ais used during· the next two years o_n approximately · 16 overflight or p ripheral missions with fair to excellent results - Vl °' I c _ ·_ I -I - I - - - 1· -- v I c I I I G I ·- -·1 ·11 ' • • • • I The responsibi lity for operation ·and maintenan· e of 'the equipment · · wa e t S ken over by ·Project Comr o unicatfons Staff i n August 19 58 In · March 19 62 all System IV equipment valued at $805 3 55 was tranafer ed to ·the Air Force U-2 g roup since -the -system was incompatible with the J-75 Project U-Z's ·· · · · z T O P· S E G R E T - HANDu VIA_ BYEMAli C ONTRO_ L ·sYBTEM ···- _ · - · ' --- - • I · - · • '- ---_ - • TOP SECRET · _ ·· 'i' 0 p System V SEGRE Ramo-Wooldridge 1956 This c r_y stal video system coneisted of nine Syatem I units using different antennae ti med to selected bands to permit coverage over the entire ·frequ ncy range ·of the equipnHmt i e from 60 to 10 750 mega cyclotL It received only pulse type signa ls with moclurate sensitivity and the informatio-n rect ived was ·r·e corded on a 14-channel 1-inch tape reco1·dcr and two 3-chann il · r 4 inch tape recorders The dis advantage of this system was that it weighed in excess of 400 pounds leaving no space for any other payload than the tracker camera A special hatch cover contained all of the antennas · ·- 1 1 · 1 · ' I ·I· System V was flown with good results on two missions over the Caspian and Black Seas one each in 1956 and 1957 and one over the China Coast in 1958 System VI _repl ced the· System V capability ' Sys tern VI 1· This system intended to replace Systems I UI and V and using cannibalized parts from existing compo·n ents receiv d and recorded pulse type data in the frequency range from so··to 14 000 megacycles in four bands as follows · ·· · I' P Band 50-300 MC 300- 1000 MC 1 ooo·-sooo MC 00_0-14 -000 MC L Band S Band X Band 1 - ' Ramo Wooldridge 19 58 - 59 · · It consisted of four separate channels · to receive a_n d record signals from each of the four frequency bands · using high gain broadband _video amplifier a preceded by antennas designed for each band Information was reco1·ded on two · 3-cha •mel · l 4 ioch tape recorders with each wut receiving and recording sigrJals from two of the four bands An automatic switching arr·a ngemont Vas incorpo rated in each channel of the system to permit time sh ring f the cha nnel right and left antenna • 1 ·1 · _ I _· - for · I - The advantage of this system wa s that t could be carried along with either the A-2 or B camerzi · Special A 2 or B hatc h cove rs provided windows · brackets and ·c3bling fox System Vi components and 20 different configu1·ations of t he system wexe po saible_ ·I Once Sys_tern VI was _tested ' '• ' -· 1· ' - - ' · ·1· _ T O P 8 G R E' 1'- ·' · - ' Handle via BYDfAN · o· otmf Sys m ·· ·- - ' - ·t OP· S E C R b ' F and available for operational us it was decided t hat System IV could be retired and the funds thus saved be used for increasing the collection capabilities of System VI A tot a l of 18 s ystems were procured and nine remained in the inventory at ' the end of 1966 The sy6tem was updated to configuration VI-A i'n 1963 and in 1967 planning wae underway to update it again to configuration VI-C · ·I · 1· System VU ·1 · This system was proposed by OSI in Decembel' 1958 and was designed to intercept and record missile telemetry signals of _the pulse position modulation type during the pre -burnout stage of missile launch- - lng The signals to be intercepted we r e believed to be less than four and certainly lees than six simultaneous transmission frequencies therefore the system envisioned the ua·e of six pick-up heads of high accuracy and high fidelity The need for the system was immediate and so avail abl e equipment was employed throughout The Ampex 8 14 Recorder running at 60 ips with a recording ti me of _12 minutes was selected for -the system · ·1 · Approval to pro eed with System VII ·w as given by the Critical C ollections Problems Co itte a --the Elint Coromi tee of USlB on 10 December 1958 · and Haller - Ray rnon o -Brown was authorized to pro-ceed with fabrica ti on 'of one comp-l te sy t ern and _spares The systern wa s delive r ed to Edwards North Base and· te·sted there in April -and May 1959 ' I ·1 Headquarters USAF and ·CHALICE pe r_sonn'e l jointly planned a telemetry mission for 9 June 1959 through I ran which· included use of • a SAC RB - 47 aircraft with ·man e telemetry collection equipment and a CHALICE U-i aircraft with System VU automatic collection equipment The purpose 0£° the j ·o int planning was to ·_coordi_n ate both · efforts and ensure that the aircraft would be on station at the proper · · time with respect to· 9ptim_um · peration f -e ch equipment By virtue o the higher altitude of the U - Z 6 000 feet System Yll was abl e to · pick up mis sile telemetry ·a pproximately 80 seconds after missile launch time This interccp prov ded 30 seco1_1ds of telemetry prior to first stage bur n - out and was the first ··such intercept from a Soviet ICBM · launching r c rded by the U S · intelligence communi t y The RB - 47 at I· 1 · I I I ·1 Haller-Raymond-Brown 1959-60 4 TOP ' ··· • • • • •'• • ''• • 1• • • S'S G R _E 'r I • • - - -· 'r- · · · Handle· via BYEMAH ·- • - · - · - - -Pntr I _S_y te I • - TOP l 3ECRET · 1 • l •' ·a lower altitude with ·manned equi pm nt able to search for and detect •new telemetry frequencieg was abfo t get second stage telem try which provided confirm·a tory information fo1· the· U-2 i ntercept This mutually confirmed information cmsured greater precisi'qn to analysts determining the size type and other characteristics of engines used in the missiles ' ·' ·1·' _ _ ' A third partner in this effort was NS_A · who adviseq the alerted · CHALICE and SAC crews at Adana six hours prior to shot time · ·Take-off timing and flight planning was · i uch_ t hat both aircraft were at optimum positions at blast-off time as wa s p_lanned ·· _ · ··-- _ · ' I· ·I • • ·· ' I ·- l - · System VIII Haller-Raym ond-Brown Proc·u red for U S Navy' 1 System Vlr was flown operationally £or a year by Detachment 'B between· June 1959- and l May 1960 with one· excellent eleven good two · fair and nine poor missions · · ' ·_ ' 1 · • 1 · This system was a modification ·of System VII to be installed in a _• ·Navy A3D aircraft to obtain telemetry signals from Soviet ICBM impact · area in the Pacific Contractual relati onshi s were handled by DPD with Douglas Aircra ft · acting as subcontractor to HRB for installation ·· DPD and OSI monitored developme nt of thi system and DPD Security monitored security aspects of the project but operational use was the responsibility of the Navy ·· · ·· System IX · ·_ Granger Associates ·1958 Early in 1958 an Agency requirement was _gene rated for an electronic countermeasures device for the P2V program and for the U -Z • Investigation by OSI determined that the S-441 Deception Repeater designed by Dr Rambo under Air Force Navy contract in 1956-57 could be re ackaged to fulfill the DPD requirement Responsibility· for development wa delegated to DPD -Development and Procurement Staff and the initial -contract with- Gr a nger Associates was written 26 June 1958 for a prototype ai·ticle ' Granger· Model 504 - The purpose of the system was to provide false angle information to X -Band conical scan airborne intercep1 radar s whi ch was achieved through the use of 1 · ·1 • ·1 5 ' -1 Handle via BYE MAN · •• · • • • • • • • • • • ··• • · • · • • ·- ·-· • i · - · •o trnt f m · C · 1 __ _ · ·· 1 - '- I - -i Q ' · ' · to ti J ' ·1 · I ·· ti s - GI I ti II inverse gain technique OSI c ontinued act as technical adviser on this development and pon completion of the te sting of the prototype in May 1959 it was rec mmended by __ _ _ _ _ _ __ that the Model 504 be produced in l i n tted quantiti es in a ·production version capable of operating at maxim · m altitude of the U-2 · Syste IX was aboard the U -2 which was s h t do _·over· Svercllo vsk on 1 May 1960 a · Subsequent to tb · loss of that-air craft and the compromise of t the Granger Black Bo · it was decided to update or redesign the j equipment and a contx _ ct was le_t ' 'itb Applied T·echnology Inc a new · · 2 S -company set up by Dr · -William A Y e r who ·had designed the Granger J 504 in December 196 for a prototype and 14 producti on units of a ··· · · j · ney higher-powered r LOdel The f frsf s e ts we r e completed in April · ·· U _ 963 · Configurations X-B IX-C Air ForcE l and IX-D repr se·n t · 1 mproved models · Sy tern IX·-B is · still in operational status ·1 ·_ '2 _ · ' ' • System X · • · Ha ler- _laymond - Brown 1962 · System X was a _modiiicat o n of System VII engineered specifically for Elint coverage of ·he Soviet mi s sile site at_Sary Shagan Two sets were ordered in Augu -t 1962 in advance of the overflight approval and '_ OSA funded the work ondu cted l1y ·HRB and ·Lockheed to prpgress • __ · System X toward ever cual inata llatio·n in the· U-2 This funding was 1··_ i · ' · · · ·· undertaken with the e p ed ati n that ·the engineering ·work would be I · ' · applicable t o other ai· °raft s ystem · such a s RB - 57F if it were ' · ·· ·decided to use that ve d cle on pa litical grou ds'· for ·collec tion against · ·' the Soviet A BM effort · · · · ·· · · · · - ' - ' 1 the · 1 _ ·_· ' · ' I - I I ·1 In May 1962 wi t the approva l' o usrB Chairma Mr McC_o ne OSA tried to get the E ritish to _sponso_r ·a U '2 with System X to fly over Sary Sha gan from Pcl l lsta n Whil_ e ·political · e orts were being made by · the British with Paki ta n ·f ox ca pprov al the Air Fore was making n effort to adapt Syste rr X to an ·_im v1 oved_ve1 sion of the RB-57D · · Dr Charyk favore·d v se of_- the RB 57_rathe r · than t he -U-2 for this · · mission and this wa a greed a t'- a _USIB meeting in te August -of 1962 and th ·Briti s·h were iise·nga ged fr m their efforts At the same time ' ' OSA discontinu d cbn 1 a tua·l reo p ons ibilityi for System x · and the Air Force took over _ 6 1 · I -· - - •· - _- · _ · ' · ••- 't · - • -_ _ __ r•··• • f - • Handfe -via BYEMAN - 1ptr _ TOP SECRET - _ ' I 1 - i'i 't· · '' '_ I T O P System XII I Configuration XU-B was developed· in 1965 by Applied Technology Inc In addition to previous characteristics it senses and provides proP er sector cove1·age for System 9B and enables System 13C S and C Band jammer against SAM TWS guidance rad n t hreats In December 1966 the system was modified to include a LORO capability by i11stalling a 2500 'PRF counter which bypasses the scan rate detector and allows · the system to unbl ank on ecei pt' of a ·zsoO - PRF - 1-0 percent signal in the receiver pas band This niodi fied syst em is-designated XIl - B-1 Systems XII -B-2 and XII-C arc ir development by American Electronic ·Labs 1· I· ·1 · 1 ·1 -· ·1· -'I ··1 _ _ Haller-Raymond-Brown 1962-64 System XII was developed as an ai rboxne warning receiver against the SA-2 Soviet surface-to-air mi s sile SAM It alerts the pilot with 'v isuaf·and aural signal s when a threat radar illuminates his aircraft and instantaneousl y indicates the azimuth bearing of the illuminating radar Threat radar signal s are discriminated from non-threat signals a d if seve1·al threat radars illuminate the aircraft simultaneously the system indicates the direction t o each without serious interaction ' S Il C R E _1' _Systems XIII XIV and XV Sanders asociates l963 A countermeasures system · effective -against the FAN SONG radar was developed by combining the ALQ-19 System XIII with· parts of · the ALQ-49 System XIV and the ALQ-51 System XV · 1_'his S-Band and C -Band jammer with improved techniques wa s renamed System XIII-A · This development was· undertaken to provide· a jamrr er completely dif fe1·ent electrically and •mechanically from any known military system in design or inventory With the initial reluctance of _the Joint Chiefs to approve the operational use of System XIII because of the microwave frequency memory loop a confract was let to design a system which · would delete that feature The go l -ori ginally set for this equipment was · achieved and a contra ct was let i n ·August 1964 to develop the new package· Tests were conducted in Octobe r Decembe r i964 against FAN SONG simu· lation A request for autho ization to replac·e System XllI _w ith XIII -A in the U-2 operational systems inv entorywas· made _to D NRO on 25 -Februa ry 1965 _· This ·was appi ov d and _by the end of May L965 the ·nr·st operationally ·ready unit ·v as installed at Detach m ent H Configura tion xru c was developed by Sa nder · Associates beginning in Septembe i · ' ' ' • ' ·7 1 - TOP- ' ' · · · - -- · 'ffaridle · -via ·BYEMAH · - -ctmirot System · ' I I I I -1' I· I I I I ·I I ·1· TOP SECRET T O P S s ·6 RE ' P a 1965 code narne ·MAD MO TH It included the addition of 3-tub'e traveling wave tube- transmit chain LORO recognition circuitry __ inverse linear ga_in capabil_ity ' and amplitude modulation output t ec hniques as well as weight-saving features Nine · pr due tion ·u nits· were acquired beginning delivery in July 1966 and an additional seven · · ets of System XIII-A were subsequently retrofitted to the XIII-C ·· _configuration · The A_1r Force also procured units for their U -2's · • B-57' •• and SR-71' s -A c nfiguration XIII-Dis being developed by Sanders with gr e ater jamming ·powe·r and other features System XVI System XVI was projected as a ligl -tweight passive Eiint collectio_n system to replace Systems ill and VI using many of the · components and ·subsystems already in operational use ·in P roject · STSPIN and other programs For a variety of reasons· this system · · ·was not developed for operational use the U-2 the principal problems being size and weight· In July 1964 the decision was made to · postpc ne consideration until the U-2R procureme t que sHon· was settled System XVII • Halier-Raymond- -B own-Singer 1964 65 In ·October 196·3 the USIB concluded wit respe t to its l g- · standing ·requirement for information on the Soviet ABM program that there was a sufficiently high possibility- ·o f collecting ground radar emissions from Soviet tests of such systems as to justify' develapmerit · · and employment of an effective airborne Elint capability -$u h· a · ·· · · · · system would be used to collect against ·sary Sha gan from over China · · near the Soviet border • NRO' was asked ·to· work toward u ·e velopment · of su h a capability a s soon as possible On 29 October 1963 the · Acting DD S T Col Giller in tructed OSA to develop System X · tjpe· of collection ·equipment for use in the U-2 working with OEL to· develop specificatj on_s and configuration · a I· 1· I The new system designated System X VU _- ·is _an unattended · specialized recelving system for collection of telemetry and other · ·· missile-associated signals from the 1 aunch· site at distances from ·340 to 420 ·miles The system continuously search s the frequency • • I 8 ' F O P I S s · G R E T TOP SECRET HANDLE · V A · B Y N ·_CONTROL· 'SYSTE¥ · · · · TOPSEGRCT · I TOP I 1· spectrum between 50 c1 nd 8000 megacycles w i th ten sweep-lock receiver s Known telemetr y and other missile - associated signals are monitored ·using 14 fixed· tuned receivers I 1· Development of the system was authorized in Ju ly 1964 and HRB-Singer was awarded a contr c t on 1 September 1964 for production of two prototypes and some grou nd s upport _equipment By the time the system_was operationally ready ·for a m 1ssion against Sary Sb agan _ the tip-off time before an impendi ng lau nch had been cut to such an extent that it would be practica lly impossibl e t o _pre re and l aunch a U-- 2 mission in time to intercep·t _i ne anir gtul signals 'rhe only operational use made· thus far h a1i _becn by De t a1 hm e 1t H along t he China Cea st · against SAM sites • · · · · -1 I S EGR ET -E °' 0 °' CII ·1 ·i BIRDWATCHER HRB - Sfnger ' 1962 --63 · 0 This system is an i housc Age nc y d esign developed by _ l _ _ _ __ - - - - of OEL the purpose bei11g to provide an automatic means of Ill U relaying f r om the airborne vehiclc-'informat io·n concer ning the status 0 of v arious aircraft systems during emergency situations The data i - · tra nsmitted to the ground statio is then· analyzed to determine the CII ga ·cause and e ffects of the· emerg ency situa t i o11 · · The sy_stem for the U-2C 0 ·consiats of up to 40 input sezisors of 20 single channelsand 10 dua 1 'C C 41 •- · channels sampling t he status of var i ous s ys t ems function ng and a 'C S keye r modulator for driving the onboard 6 18 -T 3 HF transm itter The G c c i system c a n be activat ed by any· one _o f designated c ritical sensors by c QI ti the pilot of the aircraft or by the_·ground a_ite 1 s interrogat on sig nal u i - The system has b een pro_v e op·ex a t ionally and has successfully fulfilled its design pur pose 0 c ·1 c-· j - I - - I - ·I ·1 OSCAR SIERRA · -I · ··r 1 · ·1· ·1 HRB Slng e r 1965 · This system designed to augme nt System XII is a passive e l ectronic counte r measure s s yst em with a broad band· receiv er operating in the L Band frequency range The s ystem receives a nd recognizes a mis sile guidance s ignal within a 4C- ile radius and ·p ro_v ides an alarm· which ·consists of tur ning on· a red light in -the pilot's compartment · providing an input o BIRDWATCHE R a nd uming ·on ·system XIII · • Three prototypes ere depl oyed after 1 1ucces s ul _t es ts in February 1965 _ and six producti on units were ord red · The Ma r k Ill c·onfiguxation wa s 9· - TOP ·• • · n• • • •• ••• I•• SECRET _ _ H m dle ·via BfflfAff · ·_--- · ·· ·- ·- Contro·1Syste' i ··· ·• ' - • · '1 ' ' t•· • · · - ' - • • - J • • • • • • • iI - · -• - ·· · · - · ' · 1 · _· _' - ·1 T O_P · S· E C R E T - 1m i ated by HRB- inger _m · Decembe r 1965 a nd the fi r·st prototype flight te i ed in June 1966 did not pe1•fo i rri sat i lfactorily · At the end of 1966 C Ol ' inued rework and do_ v elopmc ot nas p eing performed this version ' • on _ · ' §1 _ em xx -·1 An in£r a red sensor which detects the after-bur ner of a pur suing · fig · ter airc r aft i_s in th developt 1 n1 s_ta _e·_- · I - 1 Aerojet Gene'ral Corp 1967 - 68 _tern XXI HRB-Singe x an Sylvailia - lectrox iica Systems West Inc 1966 - 67-68 An airborne VHF COMINT collec ting system designed as a · reJ lac ment of the obsolete System Ill is in _the devel opmen t stage 1 • I· ·1 · _Sin le - Side Band Radio Co_llins Radio 1960 · The ·collins Model 618T ·radio _ as chosen· to · eet th requir ement · oi light weight communications sei ·to be ·used principa ly in the event of • eed to recall the tJ z ur0g an_ oper a tional m i f sion • · I · · ' - · ·f · ·-1 ··· ·· ' ' •· · ·1· · ' ' · - '• ·- - ' -1· - · _ · · ' •• ' I I _· _ 1- · '• ' ' · · · ' · · • · • · ' - · •· _ • · 1 0 r o J s·- u c R It · _ T -· ·- · Handle via BYEMAN -_ - _ - -·- i%--'fk - - ' -·• _ - · °- ' - j- ---' _ °- J --· i · _ · '-•· · ·· ··-· - ·' J - i ' _ ·- ' · --- ' _ ·- _ CO lltm ·· l ' S i yS - w · so · I ' ' - • • TOP r E 0 13526 1 ·1 ·1 SPECIAL ELINT PROJECTS NIGHT LATCH In late 1958 a ne w Sovi et GCi set was reported by the Ah Force This set was nicknamed BAR LOCK rt was similar to previous Soviet · GCI sets in that it utilized· t'I Ci uea rch dinhes fixed on a rotatiJ ig t railer and multiple transmitters It differed in ha ng ·six t_r ansmitters instead of the usual five and in pertiiste t eporte that the signals· were extre mel y strong · • I · I ·I In view of the excellent po1 fox mance which the known characteristics should provide interest in more detailed knowledge of the parameters of this rada r was q lite high The major unknowns wer e l peak pulse power ·i vertical coverage pattern 3 horizontal antenna patterns and· technical competence pf the anten a design 1· A specialized Elint collection program was initiated in March 1959 testing of the airborne equipment began ·tn June and ·field ope rations · commenced in mid-August During ·the fol iowing three months data was obtained on a number of BAR LOCK and BIG MESH sites in Eastern Europe a nd about 80o o of the neces·sary data redU ction was accomplis hed The remainder of the data reduction ' t 'o ok place field opera lions had ter1ninated · · · · 1· · after I ··_ The devel opmont testing and employment o·f the special electronic· · · package was provid·e un er contr t --and the final cost plus fixed foe for this work was $165 1 60 l'he aircraft and ·cre w · t s u ppor the operati on a ·phase w r supplied·by the Ah· Force · · ' · · · · · · · · byj _ SEC R E T z I ·· _ °' C _1 c °' 0 · 0 - i _ I - 0 Col 1 · I ·1 2 bi ' u g C t - 0 i r The purpose of'thi p oject v as to deploy t field site location in Pakistan and ·operat_e special- back scatte1 ra dar equipment which was developed fo -the collec ion of intelligence concerning missile launching in the· Soviet Union· · · ·· · 0 c •' - s- t i - i Ga c c 1 • Ga s u 5c j I ·'• · ' T · Q ·p u i · pr _ teer Ga·- • _· ·-· - •• • • • t ·- · - · ·- r · - - - • •' · · · 1 SEC RET- O'Xl E • 0 13526 I 1 - i 1 1 _· ·• • I t TOP SECRET T O P S E _C R E T 0 1 26 · 1960 and in meetings with the P a k i stan Intelligence Service reached agreement on the location of the antenna for Project CHAPLAIN in the Malir Cant runent just outs i4e Kar achi DeplQYI lent to the field began ·1 o ctober 1960 as a j oint enterprise · between ClA Total complement was composed of 17 fi e ld ser vice techrcpe· ACF In dustri s S ·usAF officers and men and l 'CIA Sta££ employ e -for a total· of 2' -• · An Air Force Majo r commanded the g_rou p and the ClA techn cian '- l l J d p u ty ·and t'echnical director for the project ' I I The ·equipment was developoc 1 joinµ y by OSI a nd TSD DPD parti cipation was pri ncipally with bu dg eting for the d e pl oymE nt phase for FY 1961-62 ancl in obtai ning politic approya l from the Pakis tan Government DPD recorrimerided ths t eithc - TSD ·o r the Office of Communi cations fu -nish the team leader ' The man ·chosen- was o T C ief NE ·Div1sioxi ·wish-e e team o repo rough the although the DD P felt he should L- ------------ _ repor t d i rectly to Headquarters DPD _ 'I' · - I · ' ·_· - ' ' 1 - ------------------ ----- --- --------- --- ----- ' - By mid-July no degr ee· of operatiopal su ccess· had been achie ved and DPD was in the posit1 on of having full responsibility for oper ational _ support over sea a but with little or no· direct responsibility for - tech n ical operation or exploitati on of he· end product · · - 1 • ' _ · ·• I · · I50X1 E 0 13526 ·• • ' I •f · · _ ·' _ ' _ ·-_· _ - ' 1 In September 1961 I proposed 1 hat the joint projec t become ' a fully military 'one 'Ambas_·s ador- Roun tree in Ka1·achi turn d dow n the request of tor militarization of 1 e p _roj t · -· · - · · · 0 ln A ugu t i9 ·2 it was r -co m - ded d ·a gr d-t t Age_n y participation' lle t -ans e5_r e·d -t 0 E_L _- _ · · _ · - ·-· ·- _ f sox1 E o 1Js 26 I ' - I · • 12 · ' 1·· · · 0 T -0 - - ·s E·c RE T· _ · - ·•· _ -·_ __ _ · _ _ _ ' ·i-· -Hainlle D E ' - l L i ' - • · - - - 1 - - _- - • i t · _ ·-- - t· -_ c Y · i _ - 1 - i·- x- - - 't om1 Sy '-IQ · -