DECLASSIFIED• Authority 1 By E lND CS-I-I O' fs' NARA Date 02-101 lo T - l8P SECRET L· i I • Ii THE JOINT CHIEFS OF STAFF I WASHINGTON 25 D C ' SENSITIVE CM-966-62 ZO September 1962 e r _•' - £ MEMORANDUM FOR MR McGEORGE BUNDY SPECIAL ASSISTANT TO THE PRESIDENT SUBJECT Joint Chiefs of Staff Briefing NATO Nuclear Capabilities and Problem Areas 1 In accordance with your request to General Unger enclosed for your review are the scripta for the briefings you received on 8 September by the Joint Staff _ - ····-· - · · - 2 In view of the extrem_e ly highly danified infor ation particularly on nuclear aiatters contained in the scripts I a m sending thia document to you by special officer courier who will be available on call to return it to •J oint Staff custody when you have completed your study of it · ·•·_ i _ - · · L L LEMNITZER Chairman Joint Chiefs of Staff - • _ Enclosure SENSITIVE REPRODUCTION OF THIS DOCUMENT IN WHOLE OR IN PART IS PROHIBITED EXCEPT WITH PERMISSION OF THE ISSUING OFFICE Copy • •• of • Copies TOP SECRU C - - b L 8 M - j --------- U 1 t LA iU ILlJo Authoricy By E MO °t-H 0 1' N 1ttc D 01101 - -- ' • · ' ' '· • •• - ·- · 1 ' • • r - 110P C H 1' a@ffiIOM 'f#'Jm ·- - I ALI IED cor® AND EUROPE -1 SACEUR Organization · • · - ··• The Supreme Allied Commander in Europe SACEUR is General LaUI'ie Nors ad nth head q arters in aris Supreme Headquarters Allioo lrowers Europ SHAPE is manned by a combined eta ff representing the varioua NATO ·_ nations The major subordinate elements of General Norstad I a command are as follows SACEUR t Supreme Allied Commander Eurooe CINCNOR'l'H · Allied Forces Northern Europe Kolsaas Norway CINCENT CINCSOUTH CINCAFMED Allied Forces i Allied Forces Allied Forcc13 · Central Europe I Southern Europe Mecliterranean_ FontElinbleu FrW'lice Naples Ito ly Malta I ' • · ·cINcNOm'H 1s commanded by a UK General - Lt General Sir Harold Pyman • ' I _CINC is headed by a French Army Gener l - General P E Jacquot CINCSOUTH by Admiral J s S Russel USN ClNCAFMED by Admiral Sir Der101• Holland-Martin who is a UK Naval Officer 1 2 CINCEUR Organization ·-- · I• ·- ' • - ' -c · - •• US European Command Orga n tzation - CINCEUR - with - headquarters at Camp de Loge-outside of Paris General Nora tad · 1 a in command here also with a' US Deputy Connnander-now General Wheeler USA to be repla ed 1on 17 Septe berbyGeneral McConnell USAF · '- -- I • · · ' '•l ixcLUDED· FROMAUTOMATIC REGRAD rNG DOD DIR 5200 10 DOES NOT APPLY J -- - ---- '· t' • _ r·• ·· i 1 ' - ••-r ·• •r • _ _ •• · ' ' 0 • I - ' - - ---- - - • •· ' •·p - • · • • I •_ • '• •' ' • ' USCINCEUR St Germain-En-Laye France CINCUSAREUR Heidelberg GermanyCOMCIAEUR CINCUSNAVEUR London England Chiefs MAGS CINCUSAFE Weisbaden Germany COMSOTFE I The subordinate cornmendera are aa 'ollowaJ US Army Europe -·General Paul Freeman with Headquarters in Heidelberg Uermany US Naw Euro Ee - Admiral H F $1J j_th located in Admiral Sm 1 th ia a component commander of CINCEUR and ia aleo in command of a US Specified Command - I'1ELM North Atlantic and Eastern Iilediterranean which is charged With planning ror Middle Eaat operations but which haa no assigned combat forces London US Air Force Europe - General Trumnn H Landon located at Weisbaden Germany 1 Commander Special Operations Task Poree Europe - ia headed by Colonel c B Boswe l and ·ths Central Intelligence Agency wltl ch comes under the Theater Commander in time or emergency and 1s headed by Mr Gord on Stewart • I 3 SACEUR 1 s Miaeion General War Defend far forward aa possible Support other NATO commands Maintain Sea Communications · ' Aggression Leas•'l'han General War I Dei'end with Forcea Required ' ' Maintain General War Capability 2 ·• • 1 ••• 1 -· •' ' • ti • 'v- · V •' i •• I · ·· I · · 4 -· I I r • General War Defend the populations lterr tories vital sea areas and oi fensivo striking power 01' ACE and to ieatroy- the ability and the will of the enemy to puraua General War by · undertaking operations to accomplish the following·maJor tasksi i • SACEUR 1 s Concept of Ooera tiona SACEUR 1 a Concept of Operations provides for the defense or Allied Command Europe a$ainst any level of aggression using whatever force 1s required within the limits or that which is availab1o· but not more force ban ·neceasary To accomplish ·the above ·sAcEtJR•s concept haa been developed as follows · - I · -- A Nuclear 0ffens·1ve Active -Air Defense Contain the en my ll nd ad ce as fa r forward as possible QI d prevent the enemy from turning the fla 111 ta of ACE • Destroy enemy nav forces attempting to operate in ACE Waters R gaj_n the initiative Reorganize and rehabilitate available force's • • I -' _ r •' • I For Aggression Less than general War ' 1 · · ' ··· ' • I SACEUR 1 e operational concept has ·been developed to engage as appropriate in land sea and air operationa to compel the enemy to ha lt his aggreeaion and withdraw hie forces in order to restore and maintain t s security and integrity of the MATO nations and Allied ommand Europe In undertaking such operations SACEUR has enjoinod h1a major Gubordinate · oommandera to plan to act in accordance with the principles aet fe rth below In reapeot to the -u se o f nuolGar wea pona in either General or Limited War--it is emphasized that- no such US weapons oan be used until th President or the United States baa authorized such uae Caretullyi planned •adm1niatrativa and phye1ca l aafeguards assure this control • -· 3 · · r ••• I ' I 1 • • I • 'r' I _J ' ' - - -· · - • -- • • • •'· © ' •• • ··· I I Aggressions Less Than General War · I · ·· · ·Restore am maintain the security and integrity of the NATO Nations of ACE by acti r g in accordance with the following principles · • Maintain overel_i General War Capability Une assigned and ACE Mobile Forces Demonstrate NATO solidarity act positively and effectively and insofar as possible ' minimize risk of General War • • Respond to conventional weapons attaclca with conventional weapons 1i' they are adequate · 1 to the te slc Use Nuclear Weapona Jwhen authorized by SACEUR necessary to defend ACE Aaauming US Presidential release · retains overall control of nuclear weapons for any type of conflict SACEUR 5 CINCEUR 1s Mission Support NATO and US Commanders Conduct Military Operations in Support of US Policy 1n Event NATO Concept Faila 1 Conduct Contingency Operations as Directed • In discuesins the m1ao1on ·an igned to the purely US Commnnd in Europe - CIHCE'QR - it is important to remember that any general wa operations nuclear and or non-nuclear will be -o ried out 1n accordance with NATO plane whether under 1- ATO or national auepicea • On the other hand the Joint Chiefs or start plaoe requirements on CINCEtTR for contingency planning of a unilateral US character · - Here a gain when one consi ere that our forcea are located end muet operate within and or through Allied territory it is difficult to enviaage any significant combat action being purau ed without the active or passive participation of certain of our l ATO Allies • '' ' j I T P SECBlrl · - • #• '• • • ifflSilfubi'ED 2'ATA 4 · J _' t • I • • 7• • • •t J • ·' • l • 1 1JIL1 tilFJ l a f AuthDrit I · NO °tat-I O'-fr By l J NARA Date nlo1 lo 1 · ' j 1 • '· • 'i ·6 CINCEOR Forces • USC NCEUR ' · usAFE USAREUR ' · Intermittently Depio7ed The above data oumma rizes the uia jor US combat foroes asaie ned to CINCEUR • 'l'hese f'orcea have the gi-eateat combat ca pa b l lity or any forces in the •Allied Commend Europe and may possibly be the only onoa f'ully combat ready • a USAFE ·· • -· The number of nuclear-capable aircraft nnd missiles poaaeased ·and on alert are- as rollowsi Nuclear F-100 F-101 ·· 15 4 10 27 45 35 8 l --105 Totals • DATA 0 I - 1 0 0 B-66 • Alert Sqdns I I ' 1Jt l 1¥1E1 1 Authont I · ND t I - - i - J By l jNARADatecn lollD1 - - - - - - - - - - - - - -· -- · I ' A · • '' t • 'L • 11 · •• · '4 I I I • a I Non-Nuclear Sad n 6 104 I Tao· Fighter ·F-100 F-86 F-84 F 104 l Fighter Intercepter F-102 ' 8 Tao Recon 141 BJ i' lOl RF-84 RB-66 B-66 6 134 roop ·Carri P C-130 C-124 5 73 l 18 Air Retuel ng Tactical KB-50 · Missi'le '• - '• Alert Sqdna TI i-61 · TM 76 0 2 48 72 ·O 48 Total• 2 48 72 48 Lnohra ' ' 0 0 Thea·e equadrona are located in Western Oe rrnany England Italy and Turkey ' · b USAREUR · Army tore es· und r CINCEUR ·are as follow asterisks indicate nuclear capable forces t i •• 'r' ' 2 ' f Armd Div 2 ' -'' ' - '•' ' auaq · ' -• Inr Div 3 Armored GroupA rmd cav Rest Mal Command MecU tim tnf Battle Gp - - ' __ ' 1 4 l 4 ' · I ---• ' I ' 'l'he · ' - ' I · _ '• · ' ' ' 1 UEt tiilt'll t • Authority - ' ' O'tt By l J NARA Date o la1 o 1 '---- ------ I • ' 1 - • • · ' - - a· I ' 1 - T •• f • c l@bDAT ft · r • t · •• ' ' ' ' - FA Mal Gp • •· • I rs ft ' 2 FA Msl Bn Cpl FA Mal Bn HJ FA Msl Bn Lax FA 280 M -t Gun Bn FA 8 Inch How Bn 8 5 3 3 11 1 6 SFG Air Def Bn Hero -»Hawk Bn Engr Bn ADM 7 10 Nuclear Capable AF ·Opnl Control ' JI · • I · p SEC m' r • · ·- I• I• 1' • - -· - - ' c USNAVEUR '• USCINCEUR Naval Forces under USNAVEUR are ShQt'ffi below · · These • forces are located in the Medi erranean under CINCSOUTH• ·The number of nuclear-capable forces shown will vary from time to time dependen upon the type of carriers in the 6th l'leet at the time · - •·· l Surfnoe Forces I I I O • 14 CVA CVS CA CL DD DLG · ss Mine 2 0 2 1i4 • j _- _ -' '1 Af r raft · Nuolea _• · - ' I 7 '• Alert lJJ Sllfllil I Authont I ·lilND 41 oc t By i j NARA Date C12Jo1 0T 11 I • i I ' -- # I · A1roraft Non Nuolea r r - •'· '' · ·- 0 R Operational Ready FSU 24 19 l 4D 48 38 Total 72 51 · li'3H Lan iing•Forccs About 2 200 Men ' 'i -- -- · l ·BLT With Service 2 - 8 HOW i• · ' 0 0 · Attack Carrier baaed aircraft - • Posa • Support Units • ·· Missiles Alert· 0 8 ASROC 16 0 0 0 · 'rotal' 24 0 HJ 8 11 How f · _ ·'-· d Non-US NATO Forces - · ·r · - _ • i 4 1 • • • J · · • ' ' The following figures are a general eummary of the major combat non-US NATO £orces committed to SACEOR Although a sizeable force is indicated the data must be used With the greatest caution since the statistics in no way rei'lect combat capability Fo ·exaznple in a recent study of the capability ot NATO to cpnduot conventional war in the Central European Region 1 t ·wa13 determined that of _ ' 'I · •'• I '' ' i ' - -· ' • 8 · ' • ' • · • -t '• 1J£C LA -jlSJ 1 JJW Autlw ril I llNO - 4111'11' -- - L By 1CJ NARA Date 02 lotlOT · ' • • - - • _ ti - ·· ' · - · - IN • •• u •• ft • '- I··• appztoximately 23 M-Day divisions equivalent aosigned only 7 oould be oategorited as good• or excellent ' he remainder tell intc the fair or poor cat·e gories Serious deficiencies exist in training manning _ equ Lppi11g and deployments Although the study referred to fas 11m1ted to the Central Re5ion tha same type of' d Jficienoiea exist in the Northern and Southern Region forces and their combat capability ia therefore · similarly degradecl possibly rto a greater degree • -· 1 Land Foroea Elsewhere In Europe Div 42 4 2 lst Echelon 12 2 2nd J chelon 8 16 8 17 6 2 5 9 dumalative Totals 62 5 2 41 8 16 Div - · M-Da y _ • '1 ' · · ' Surface to Surface Miasile Units • ' Bns 1'' • 1·• ' -· ·' Strike LB1 IJB Attac1' ImCCE I ' · I •• 62 Squadrons Oi' t'enae LB FB 28 ' · 2 Air Forces ' '· 0 28 Totals I -• - 34 23 ·5 Sergeant · ·o 280 mm Nuclear Capable 11 a HOW Nuolear Capable Honeat John I' 2 17 49 31 T otals g- 9 ' •I Aircraft 311 1031 489 · • 1831 f I I j t ·'· - ''• · ·· ' i Air· Defense Atiix l DF · Totals • · · · · r category lat Ecbel on M-D · _ ro ' f '- • _ ·•· • · ' II 0 ·· · _ 29 Naval Forcea ·f · ' 1231 0 H1-A1t Lo-Alt ' 68 Troo Carrier nlta sAM '· ' 621 610 ' 39 29 • '· Submarines 19 Destroyers 35 · Pat o1 ·orart 9 l'dne Sweeper Ocean· 33 tana Sweepers Coaatal and Inland 33 J Jaritime l'atrol •Aircraft 72 Torpedo Boata 60 Maritime Reece Strike A C · 54 2 10 I ' · ' 2nd Echelon ' t 2 2 9 7 1 • 9 l 6 il 1 l 0 • I t• 0 ·• · • r 1 • ' ' 10 I b' --------------------- • - · I United Kin5dom Ho1wat ohn Battalions 4 Launcher Units · 6 Launcher Units · ·· ·· · C'orporal 8 11 Howitzer Bns 3 0 2 0 - Nuclear Launch Bases l ' The pr111llU'y nuclear launch bases tor SACEUR forces located as follows ' • _• - ' ' •· _ r - · '-j - V ' ' •' 7 Weapons Nucleazi weapons availabl to CINCEUR and their location ·are as follo '1s·i Total Inventory- FY 63 Allocation FY 61 D1aperaal Authorization ·The total inventory shown ebove is somewhat leaa than the current ·d1sperao l authorization and significantly less ·than his allocation of weapons Those weapons shown in the CONUS are dispersed to CINCEu 'R but are stored in the ZI • at Natiolial Stockpile Sites in accordance with CINCEUR wlshes CIMCEUR may call 'for the delivery or theoe_ weaporui at any time s they are conaidercd to be 1n ·b1e c lstody tor accounting ' ·-- -·· I • 4 t -purposes • t · 8 Nuclear ' ' - t Objectj_ves ''• SACEUR 1 s atated objectives or· nuolear operations in the event of General War are as follows General War Destroy or Reduce the enemy's nuclear capability Disrupt and impair enemy's capability to execute oornmand and control over military operations Destroy enemy's ·1a n11 naval ana ·a1r forces ·Support Allied fo ceB 1n defense of ACE '- · ·1 · ' · · 12 1 ·• ·• • '·111 • • •L _- - - -- - '- - i UEl LAlSISJJflJ l J Authoiit I ·IIND cr -1 tll rr 1• By l j NARA Date o lo1 JOT ·• · C • • • ·· • ' _ J • • a ··' r· •· ' I ' i ' • •t• t½f · · ' ' ' - ' a 41 ••• · • •·' - ·' I - ' ' • t j· ' · I UJ iC ll llillf cw-I c t l J NARA Date nltll lot Authoi it l · NI ---i - _ J By •· ' ' _' _ • I - 1-· i• ' i _1 r • - J l J 1 1 l JJ• Autho'rit I »ND cw-I o t L ' ____ By I NARA Date OUOl OT 1 ·· o · · ________ ___ · ' · ' t ·- - · ' ' I ' - ' · •J t _- · t ' ' ' I 'l'OP i3E6Rls'I' · llliSifu t fa'Elj l» TA SACEUR CINCEUR Nuclear Problem AI'eae a Permissive Devices • On 5 June 19 2 · by 1'lat 1onal Security- Action· Memorandum ·· · #160 the Pl'eeident directed 1 procurement of appropl'iate perm1asive devices for - ll nuclear weay o now di p·e raed or · to be dii peroed to NATO CQmma ndB for both·US arid non-US Weapon Systems t • • · 3 'rh1rd ly the President directed the Cha1 a n- of · the Atomic Energy- Comm1 s o1on t o carry on a research program · on an urgent basi13 directed toward an eY amina tion or the -- · feasibility and desirability o more advanced permissive 11nlt · · 8' dev 1 cea With a i1ider _ra ns e or oapo b11itiea · · _ '9- - • · ·In oomplie n ce With th first ·1 J X't or the directive · Chairman of the Atomic Energy C ommi _ i on · rbduo1 h ro r · a· · · 2 Secondly the President directed the Secretary or Detense ·to submit at the earliest feasible time tor h1a approvaJ a aohe ula for installation of thaae de'Viaes in NATO weapons · · · •- '• 'fp• 1 - 17 '· • ' · •' s I l ' l ISU U il f Authenty· N0·°94f0' t By l j NARA Date n lol lot · ' t i --• • I 4 ' ' n •• · i-r ·i ' · '••' ' • • • • • · • l• In compliance With the seoond part or the Preaident1a l D1rect1ve the Jo1nt Chiera of Staff 1n c01119J 1ance w1th the Socretary of Defenae 1nstruction 1 submitted on 11 August 1962 a schedule for the possible installation of peJ 'llliaaive devicea ·i n the Ruropean Theater of Operation Weapon Systema Thia · schedule of 1nsta llat1on would aommen Ooto 6 1th t • • • • • _ • • r• _ • 'll k _ ' 'I' • •' l J I Ao far as the third pa rt of the Directive is concerned · the Sandia Corp01•e tion 1s making rapid progreae in the development of permioaive devices that meet more of the m111t8 l Y ' applicat1·0n requirements For nmple a reault of two Sandia Corporation techn lc1a ns serving on a Joint Ad Hoc Group Survey of l'tATO Weapon Systems a ' perndsaive device wa e developed in a 6-week period and demonstrated int head a rters weelta ago that would ro for • · - J· - _ •' -1 t D j i· -' 1 J1 e are -cont ng o Btuccy the problem associa e W1t _ · t · · · · the use of perrniasi ve dev tcea and t ·o provide to tho Secretary- · _ · of Defense military- characteriat1os requirements desired in •·f ' • · · • J - ' advanced permissive devices t •A • ·-· •· • • • • 1 ·- ' ' · · I I • · Further in compl Lance w1 th the · Preaident I s desires the Secretary of Defem has directed an extenaive study of the c·ommun tcationa capabilltiea in thq European 'Pheater of Ope rations 'rhie atud r will be_· 1 su f'f1c1ent detat l · to permit th a rav1ew oi' the o c _at o - Jletwor from E 8-ch nuclear t •• - •• • ' • ••• ' · · ' ' · ' - • · · 01' SEoRI J • ' - - · ' RiiWl lttcffi5 DATA •• •_ - · ' ' ' 1 8 I i f ' •_ • ' I - • 1 • • • - • • •• 1 · • V ' ✓ ' · · 1 •• 1 • • I _ • 4 I I # • I - - r _ · - · ' ·· · ' # •'• weapon operational site loo t1o lnclt through tife apecifio command ohannela to the C otCEUR Headquarters Additionally ·onicEUR haa been directed to institute random unannounced 1 • ·simulated R-Hour relea aed type meaoa geB rrom CINCEUR Headquarters by way or normal command channels to the weapon aitea and to report the reoults of thci's e checks with indicated · · ·• • · ·· _ corrective action requirements to this headquartera These · atudies are p1 eeently being coµduoted and it is anticipated - · · thtlt the results of theae etudies wlll b available by •·• 1 October 1962 ·' J- · · The schedule of poaeible installation of -p rmissive _ dovicea submitted by the Joint Chiefs on ll Aug lst 1962 to · · ·Secretary of Defcnae is in advanced stages of Secretary of · · - ' 'Pe fenae conaidera t lon and it is anticipated that the Secretary '· · ot Dei'eMe ta reeommencJ ationa will be submitted to the I'reaident ' 1n the near future t 'J •• _ · B J i ' ' • •• ' I ·· ' lit'- '• t1 'r j i 1 • • • 1- • t • -1 - • J • ' • tlf' ·- • • • I •• o NATO De fense na ta Pros am · · - - _ •• • • · •• ' • ·- ' •• • '•• • •c • • ---· ·- · - ' - ' r ·1 -t ' ' i'j ' • • ·ifi • ' l 41 111 JJ l T ·-- · --- - - ms11ttdiimi J AWA J · 1 I • r • • ' • ·• ··hlffi 1' Jt ' -rsc -n •• _ • • I • I · r I •• • I Jr ' - ' l 9 -· • 1 ' r• r' • _ · _ ' · •The JCS have ·been directed to implement a program 1n ---- _ · furtheranoe · of' national policy a a exp reaaed 'by National Seeuri ty - t· • · · tot1on Memorandum #147 he prQgram 1s presen ly under _ r t pre arati on and provides for a 'aeries of pr sente tions ·by a · • · · special teem of US senior oi'fic s to the North Atl tic Council and selected government 'officials in the major NAfO oa 91tals The presentations will be rev1 wed by- the Joint Chia fa or Staf f to insure tha t the information to accomplish ' the objectivea of the ·p rogram ia included and at the same tima ' insure that highly senaitive operational informat 1 on that would endanger the US security- is not divulged • ·· •• '·' I • I i r _ r · I • ••I I I l • J ·I I u _ - - - - 1 ° f UJ it U l lldll Autho'rit I' t NO ___________ -rl-1 I' _ By l NARA Date 02 fof la f i • 't • t •• • i _ « ' - ' _y_ _ - ' t - • ·- · i f • I ' • i ' 'i ' -' ' • • • •• ' ' - ·· J · • I _ - _ • · · - ' • ' ' 'l The program will cover the follomng Capabilities and limitationa - ot' us Nuolear Wea pons Nuolea r11eapone orientation course Nuclear Weapona families and forces NATO Stockpile Support Program Nuoleal' Weapona Sai ety and Peacetime Operations ' ·£ -1'•· • Folitical-1-li Utary-Techru cal ·Considerations · Operational Conoiderations Coordination Sino-Soviet Threat vs w Alliance Cnpabil1tiea • Current Intelligence Estimate of -Soviet Foroea • Capabilities of Alliance and US Forces a ld Comparison with Soviets · Spectrwna of Strategi s ava1labl St ategic Iasuea · · 'i t · t • 'I l d' Command and Control aspects · of Nu clear Operations · ' ' ' - - I • '- 1 •• · - •• 1 • _ · 1 · - •• '- • 1 ·- 1-• · 20 ' • · r _ ' • 1 - • • •-c • - • t' • I' · '· • v• • i r ·- · · 1 • JI I • r • I• ' NATIONAL SECURITY ARCHIVE This document is from the holdings of The National Security Archive Suite 701 Gelman Library The George Washington University 2130 H Street NW Washington D C 20037 Phone 202 994-7000 Fax 202 994-7005 nsarchiv@gwu edu Read related article The U S Nuclear Presence in Western Europe 1954-1962 Part II 2020-09-17