J J F - f$ii ige· · i •• n a Q PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LOG'-00 H-01 INFO PA-01 PRS-01 LIMA 16252 01 OF 08 2915382 - bE-AS-E-B-IN-P-klt'f -B 6 -Bl- -1- -4- r ADS-O0 INR-07 AID-00 CIAE-00 SS-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-OO OMB-01 ' INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-'01 DS-01 P-02 SCT-02 T-01 050 w ------------------216013 292218Z 72 EB-00 PM-10 C-01 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3691 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9616_ DIA WASHDC e-e-N-F I ErE NT I Ab SECTION 01 OF 08 LIMA 16252 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR TAGS PTER PGOV PRUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 · REF A L MA 6324 LIMA 814 1 B l T U L - ENTIRE TEXT 2 SUMMARY AFTER SEVERAL MONTHS OF WHAT 'e6NFf1'ENTrkL PAGE 02 LIMA 16252 01 OF 08 2915382 PASSES FOR TRA JQUILITY IN AYACUC_HO SE NDERO' S BIRTHPLACE THE CITY ITSELF WAS EXPERIENCING n a e_e UI'UTED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE REVIEW AUTHORITY ALAN H FLANIGAN DATE CASE ID 07 APR 2008 200605715 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF STATE REVIEW AUTHORITY APPEAL REVIEW PANE _CLASSIFICATION UNCLASSIFf rl P APPEAL ACTION RELEASED IN FULL DATE CASE ID 22 NOV2010 200605715 UNCLASSIFIED Page 2 _n a SIGNIFICANT UNREST AND VIOLENCE JUST BEFORE THE MAJOR CJIIWGES SINCE OUR LAST VISIT IN MARCH ARE THE EMERGENCE OF THE RODRIGO FRANCO COMMAND RFC AND POLITICAL REPERCUSSIONS OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC DOWNTURN ALTHOUGH IT COULD ALSO BE THE POLICE OR APRA IN AYACUCHO THE RFC IS PROBABLY THE ARMY THE RFC IS BEING USED IN PART TO COUNTER SL'S NEW TACTIC OF THE ARMED STRIKE IT IS ALSO TARGETING THE LEGAL LEFT $0ME OF WHOM ARE LEAVING AYACUCHO IT DYNAMITED THE MAYOR'S HOUSE NOVEMBER l7 INJURING TWO BUT HAS NOT ILLED ANYONE YET CAUGHT BETWEEN SL AND THE RFC AYACUCHANOS ARE BITTER AT BEING DEPRIVED OF THE SURVIVAL STRATEGY THEY HAVE USED SINCE SENDERO BEGAN ITS ARMED STRUGGLE EIGHT YEARS AGO -- NOT TAKING SIDES AND DURING THIS VISIT 3 EXCEPT FOR NARCO-FUELED HOUSING CONSTRUCTION AND A GROWING·INFORMAL SECTOR CAUSED BY CONTINUING MIGRATION FROM THE COUNTRYSIDE THERE IS LITTLE ECONOMIC ACTIVITY GOVERNMENT DEVELOPMENT PROJECTS ARE SERIOUSLY UNDERFUNDED THE HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION HAS DETERIORATED AS AN OFFSHOOT OF THE CAYARA MASSACRE LAST MAY THE OFFICE OF THE SPECIAL PROSECUTOR CARLOS ESCOBAR HAS BEEN CLOSED IT MAY BE REOPENED BUT PROBABLY WITHOUT ESCOBAR OR A SPECIAL MANDATE THE ICRC STILL HAS NO ACCESS HUANTA UNDER THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULARLY HARSH MILITARY OFFICER PAGE 03 LIMA 16252 01 OF 08 291538Z COMANDANTE LANDA DUPONT -- THEY ALL USE PSEUDONYMS REPORTED lOO DISAPPEARANCES IN JUNE-JULY 4 ARMY OFFICERS SAY THE WAR IS GOING BADLY AND THAT SL IS A SERIOUS THREAT IN ALL SEVEN AYACUCHO PROVINCES UNDER EMERGENCY CONTROL THE SITUATION IN HUANCAVELICA AND APURIMAC DEPARTMENTS IS PROBABLY NO BETTER BUT AYACUCHO IS AS REMOVED FROM THOSE AREAS AS LIMA IS FROM AYACUCHO THE OVERALL IMPRESSION LEFT BY THIS TWO-DAY VISIT IS THAT THE SECURITY POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION IN AYACUCHO IS GETTING Fag» UNCLASSIFIED --- - · C ---· _--- - ----· - - - --· f c JJt -···· · AssIFrnif n a WORSE 7 · END SUMMARY WHO WE SAW 5 ACCOMPANIED BY lE 1 l_IDQ 'f AL f RQ'0 1t N3 EMBASSy 2 CONT-RKCT5 GUARDlWHO SERVED IN AYACUCHO AS A -·- CC' - - CIVIL GUARD SERGEANT 1982-1983 POLCOUNS PAID A 4B-HOUR VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 THOSE HE MET WITH INCLUDED PASTOR NUNEZ -MONTES DE OCA THE B4-YEAR OLD APRA PREFECT ARMY OFFICERS NORIEGA AND GAMBOA GAMBOA BEING AN ACQUAINTANCE FROM LIMA ING ALBERTO MOROTE THE RECTOR OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HUAMANGA MONSENOR CIPRIANI THE NEWLY-ARRIVED AUXILIARY ARCHBISHOP HUGO NED THE 11 CARETAS 11 STRINGER CARLOS VALDEZ THE LA REPUBLICA STRINGER FATHER CARLOS SCHMIDT A U S CITIZEN JESUIT RIEST FERMIN AZPARRENT THE IU MAYOR OF _AYACUCHO INTRODUCED ONLY JAIME URRUTIA THE r - __ - _ ' 1-7 6 • -- l f -· - 'I L__ _ __J NNNN PAGE Ol ACTION ARA-00 LIMA 16252 02 OF 08 291539Z ADS-00 Aib-00 INE -07 SS-00 CIAE-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 OMB-01 INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 DS-01 SCT-02 P-02 T-01 050 W ------------------216014 92218Z 72 R 291521Z NOV BB FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3692 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMB SSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9617 DIA WASHDC INFO LOG-00 H-01 PA-01 PRS-- -01 EB-00 PM-10 C-01 n a CGN F EtrE-N-'F-±-A-1 UNCLASSIFIED Pag» -- --- _ _ • - - ' 19 J • _ • _o - •• 's- - - i - -· P ge 1 4 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAW E O 12356 DEC OADR TAGS PTER PGOV PHUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 UNITED LEFT VICE MAYOR ING CESAR GUZMAN MANAGER-OF ELECTRO CENTRO JUAN ANTONIO ARAUJO DIRECTOR OF THE MINISTRY OF AGRICULTURE'S REGIONAL OFFICE AND NESTOR TINEO LEADER OF· FADA THE AGRARIAN FEDERATION OF AYACUCHO DEPARTMENT HE ALSO MET WITH THE DEPUTY OON Jii 1-m N Jl H ± - PAGE 02 LlMA 16252 02 OF 08 291539Z COMMANDER OF THE CIVIL GUARD ' RE MET WITH CARLOS ESCOBAR IN LIMA NOVEMBER 16 1 6 • EXCEPT FOR A DRIVE TO AN OVERLOOK OUTSIDE TOWN WE STAYED 1N AYACUCHO CITY AT THE TURISTA HOTEL WHICH ALTHOUGH LARGELY EMPTY WAS ABOUT THE ONLY NON-MIL1TARY PLACE N TOWN WITH LIGHTS WE SAW THE TOMB OF SL MARTYR EDITH LAGOS DYNAMITED BY THE RFC IN AUGUST AND HAPPENED ON THE FUNERAL OF SOME OF THE CAMP SINOS KILLED · _AT THE I-NVITATION OF ' '°VAW itz WE SAW PRIVATE VIDEO TAPES IN A GENERATORPOWERED STUDIO IN THE LABYRINTHINE BASEMENT OF THE UNIVERSITY OF HUAMANGA · ON DIFFERENT ASPECTS OF THE E GHT YEARS OF THE ARMED CONFLICT IN AYACUCHO ANTI-ARMY AND PRO-UNIVERSITY RATHER THAN PRO-SL THESE INCLUDED MUTI°LATED CORPSES OF DISAPPEARANCE VICTIMS A PROMOTIONAL FILM ON THE UNIVERSITY STUDENTS TAKING FINAL EXAMS AS HELICOPTERS WHIRL OVERHEAD CAMPESINO RONDEROS ARMED WITH WOODEN SPEARS MARCHING GOOSESTEP TO SERRANO DRUM AND FIFE AND A TAPE OF THE SEPTEMBER· 1982 FUNERAL OF EDITH LAGOS WHO IS REMEMBERED WITH A DEGREE OF REVERENCE EVEN BY PEOPLE WHO ARE CLEARLY ANTI-SL THE FUNERAL PROCESSION WHICH ·ATTRACTED 15 000-20 000 1- VALD EZi '8 ESTIMATE AND LASTED EIGHT HOURS IS REGARDED AS THE APOGEE OF PRO SL FEELING IN AYACUCHO • 'n a co UNCLASSIFIED Pag» -•• 8JFIED Page S n a NO LONGER POSSIBLE NOT TO TAKE SIDES PAGE 03 LIMA ·16252 02 op·os 291539Z 7 THIS WAS POLCOUNS' FIRST VISIT TO AYACUCHO THAT LACK OF PERSONAL REFERENCE PLUS THE FACT THAT THE VISIT COINCIDED WITH AN UPSURGE IN VIOLENCE THAT MAY BE ONLY TEMPORARY PROBABLY SKEWED IMPRESSIONS TO SOME EXTENT MOREOVER NO ONE SAID THE CURRENT SITUATION IS COMPARABLE IN INTENSITY TO THE VIOLENCE AND UNCERTAINTY OF 1982-84 IT IS NONETHELESS DIFFICULT TO AVOID CONCLUDING THAT THE OVERALL SECPRITY POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC SITUATION IN AYACUCHO IS GETTING MUCH WORSE GIVEN THE NATIONAL GOVERNMENT'S PREOCCUPATION WITH THE UNRAVELING NATIONAL ECONOMY AND ITS POLITICAL CONSEQUENCES THERE WAS A SENSE OF RESIGNED DESPONDENCY THAT THERE WOULD BE NO HELP FROM LIMA WITH THE EMERGENCE OF THE RODRIGO FRANCO COMMAND AND THE NEW SL TACTIC OF ARMED STRIKES THERE WAS ALSO A SENSE OF BITTER FOREBODING THAT THE SURVIVAL STRATEGY MOST AYACUCHANOS HAVE USED FOR EIGHT YEARS -- NOT TAKING SIDES -- WOULD NO LONGER WORK CURRENT WAVE OF VIOLENCE 8 · THE CURRENT UPSURGE IN VIOLENCE BEGAN WITH UNIVERSITY OF HUAMANGA STUDENTS NOT SL SYMPATHIZERS ORGANIZING A DEMONSTRATION NOVEMBER 11 TO PROTEST NATIONAL GOVERNMENT CUTS IN THE UNIVERSITY BUDGET _CITING SL INFILTRATION THE POLITICAL-MILITARY COMMAND DENIED AUTHORIZATION FOR THE DEMONSTRATION AN HOUR BEFORE IT WAS TO BEGIN AND POLICE MOVED TO PREVENT IT IN THE BATTLE THAT ENSUED A STUDENT WAS NNNN Pag» UNCLASSIFIED - ------ n a PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LIMA 16252 03 OF 08 291541Z ADS-00 AID-00 INR-07 SS-00 CIAE-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 OMB-01 INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 SCT-02 DS-01 P-02 T-01 050 w -------------- ---216017 292219Z 72 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3693 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM · USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9618 DIA WASHDC INFO Lc5G-OO H-01 PA-01 PRS-01 EB-00 PM-10 C-01 C---G-N-F---f-tJE--N--- I'-I--k-L SECTION 03 OF 08 LIMA 16252 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR TAGS PTER PGOV PRUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 KILLED FROM-BEING HIT WITH A TEAR GAS CANISTER AND 3 0 WERE WOUNDED BY BUCKSHOT ACCORDING TO IFATHER 'S'CHMT DT ' SEVERAL OF THE LATTER HAVE SINCE DIED IN LIMA HOSPITALS BUT THIS IS UNCONFIRMED SEEKING TO CAPITALIZE ON STUDENT ANGER SL BLEW UP WHAT IT APPARENTLY THOUGHT ee L PAGE 02 LIMA 16252 03 OF 08 291541Z WAS A CIVIL GUARD VEHICLE 15 KILOMETERS OUTSIDE OF AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 14_ ELEVEN MEN WOMEN AND CHILDREN·WERE KILLED ALL CAMPESINOS THE NEXT DAY SL DYNAMITED 11 ELECTRICAL TOWERS AND TWO SUBSTATIONS BLACKING OUT AT LEAST THE DEPARTMENT OF AYACUCHO ELECTRO CENTRO WAS Pag UNCLASSIFIED · - wkS SIFIEii · Page 7- n a HOPING TO HAVE POWER RESTORED BEFORE AN SL ARMED STRIKE BEGAN NOVEMBER 21- ON NOVEMBER 16 SL MURDERED A MEMBER_ OF THE APRA YOUTH MOVEMENT ENTERING HIS· HOME TO KILL HIM THE NEXT NIGHT SL ENTERED A HOME WHERE THE APRA MAYOR OF TOTOS IN CANGALLO PROVINCE WAS VISITING HIS FAMILY IN AYACUCHO THEY MURDERED HIM AND HIS TEENAGE DAUGHTER AS SHE SOUGHT TO PROTECT HIM 9 TO PROTEST FORTHCOMING NATIONAL GOVERNMENT AUSTERITY MEASURES THE MUNICIPAL COUNCIL HEADED BY UNITED LEFT MAYOR FERMIN AZPARRENT ORGANIZED A CITYWIDE STRIKE NOVEMBER 17-18 WHICH HAD SHUT THE CITY MARKET AND DAMPENED COMMERCIAL ACTIVITY- THE RODRIGO FRANCO COMMAND RESPONDED BY DYNAMITING THE OUTSIDE OF THE MAYOR'S HOUSE NOVEMBER 17 A TWO-DAY STRIKE COINCIDING WITH THE MAYOR'S HAD THE UNIVERSITY OF HUAMANGA CLOSED DURING OUR VISIT CAMPESINOS ORGANIZED IN THE AGRARIAN FEDERATION OF AYACUCHO DEPARTMENT FADA HAD BEEN ON STRIKE FOR THE LAST MONTH WE CHANCED ON 40 OF THESE DURING A VISIT WITH REGIONAL AGRICULTURE DIRECTOR JUAN ANTONIO ARAUJOS WHO SYMPATHIZED WITH THEIR SITUATION BUT HAD NO SOLUTION TO OFFER 10 IT WAS THE PROSPECT OF THE ARMED STRIKE BEN'fIAI i PAGE 03 LIMA 16252 03 OF 08 29154lZ CALLED BY SL FOR NOVEMBER 21-27 HOWEVER · THAT WAS WORRYING RESIDENTS THE MOST_ A WEEK-LONG ARMED STRIKE IN JULY HAD SUCCEEDED IN CLOSING THE CITY DOWN BUT A TWO-WEEK EFFORT IN AUGUST HAD FAILED APPARENTLY BECAUSE OF COUNTER-THREATS FROM THE RFC WHICH HAD ANNOUNCED ITS APPEARANCE BY DYNAMITING THE TOMB OF EDITH LAGOS AUGUST 8 SL WAS GIVING WIDE CIRCULATION DURING OUR VISIT TO A FLYER THREATENING DRASTIC MEASURES AGAINST ANYONE NOT COMPLYING WITH THE STRIKE THE RFC RESPONDED NOVEMBER 18 WITH A FLYER THREATENING ANYONE WHO DOES COMPLY WE NOTE THAT SEVERAL OTHER CLANDESTINE ARMED GROUPS INCLUDING THE BRAULIO ZAGA BRIGADE 11 BASILIO AUGUI AND BLACK CONDOR HAVE ANNOUNCED THEIR PRESENCE IN AYACUCHO BUT HAVE NOT YET TAKEN ANY ACTIONS THE FIRST TWO ARE APRA YOUTH GROUPS WHICH n a GON E I-QEN ' I'JJll _ UNCLASSIFIED Pag» CQN RI ASSIFIED n a SAID THEY WERE GOING UNDERGROUND IN SEPTEMBER THE THIRD -- MENTIONED oNiY BY ls ci f 1 rot 1-- Is PROBABLY APRA AS WELL 11 VIRTUALLY EVERYONE WE INTERVIEWED REPORTED THAT BOTH SL AND THE RFC WERE ISSUING GREATER NUMBERS OF INDIVIDUAL THREATS PREFECT MONTES DE OCA HAD BEEN THREATENED REPEATEDLY - -- BY SL AND HAD HIS FAMILY EVACUATED TO LIMA tV fGE-JlMA' YOR' JAIMEt ttii kuf4A WHO HAD SURVIVED EIGHT YEA R's• OF· _ VIOLENCE HAD ALSO BEGUN TO GET DEATH THREATS FROM SL AND HAD DECIDED TO GET HIMSELF AND HIS FAMILY OUT AT LEAST FOR A YEAR A R @ IJ 'J T 'JRRi tt DIREr0T0It rfJ@Sf HAD JUST RECEIVED ·AN SL THREAT TO CLOSE HIS OFFICE WHEN WE VISITED -- HIS FIRST EVER -- AND WAS AGONIZING WHAT TO DO ABOUT IT LIMA WAS LEAVING IT UP TO HIM pE ll W RA B d ' ' _ • -'•'· - _ _ -•-s - r•- C eNP l BEN NNNN PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LIMA INFO ADS-00 AID-00 INR-07 SS-00 CIAE-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 OMB-01 DS-01 SCT-02 P-02 T-01 050 W ----------- ------216020 292219Z 72 LOG-00 H-01 PA-01 PRS-01 16252 04 OF 08 291542Z EB-00 PM-10 C-01 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3694 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9619 DIA WASHDC C O N P I B-E-N T I A -1' SECTION 04 OF 08 LIMA 16252 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE n a CTJNFTBRN I'-I- AL UNCLASSIFIED Pag» Page 9 SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O l2356 DECL OADR TAGS PT R PGOV PHUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 ·i 1 i t11ifkir a 2 E ili · THREATS FROM THE RFC A VARIETY OF OTHERS HAD ALSO BEEN THREATENED BY THE RFC INCLUDING THE STRINGER FOR THE PRO-SL LIMA DAILY 11 EL DIARI0 11 BITTERNESS AT BEING CAUGHT ·e eNF· tl'JENT I A L C0NITDENTTAl' i PAGE 02 LIMA 16252 04 OF 08 291542Z IN BETWEEN SURFACED IN ALMOST EVERY CONVERSATION 12 ASKED WHO THEY THOUGHT THE RFC IS MOST PEOPLE TICKED OFF THE VARIOUS POSSIBILITIES -- APRA THE POLICE THE ARMY 11 MERCENARIES 11 - - AND DECLINED TO SPECULATE FURTHER MILITARY OFFICERS SAID IT WAS PROBABLY APRA ALTHOUGH THE RFC COULD BE EITHER THE POLICE OR-APRA OUR GUESS IS THAT IT IS THE ARMY WE DOUBT THAT THE ARMY WOULD TOLERATE THE POLICE TAKING THE INDEPENDENT ARMED ACTION ON ITS TURF APPEARANCE OF OTHER ARMED GROUPS OPENLY ACKNOWLEDGING THEIR APRA CONNECTIONS SUGGEST THAT THE RFC WHICH HAS REMAINED SILENT ON ITS AFFILIATIONS IS NOT APRA THAT LEAVES THE ARMY WHICH IS THE ONLY INSTITUTION THAT GIVEN ITS LEGAL AND POLITICAL AUTHORITY IS CONFIDENT OF BEING ABLE TO ACT WITH IMPUNITY ECONOMIC OUTLOOK GRIM EXCEPT FOR NARCOTICS ·--------------- --------- ------------- ·-----13 AYACUCHO CITY HAS LITTLE GOING FOR IT ECONOMICALLY EVEN IN BETTER TIMES GOVERNMENT THE UNIVERSITY AND INDIAN HANDICRAFTS AND CERAMICS ARE THE MAIN SOURCES OF ECONOMIC ACTIVITY LIMA-IMPOSED AUSTERITY HAS REDUCED BUDGETS FOR LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND THE UNIVERSITY TO THE P01NT OF JUST MEETING PERSO EL PAYROLLS THE AYACUCHO DEVELOPMENTAL CORPORATION CORFA HAS COME THROUGH A BRUISING POLITICAL BATTLE OVER WHO CONTROLS ITS RESOURCES JUST AS FUNDS n a CONFlDEN'rI- Ai UNCLASSIFIED Pag» - t OONi SSIFIED Page 10 n a HAVE DRIED UP HAVING FTNALLY MANAGED TO REPLACE GeN-P-H - L GBN-FIDENTIAL PAGE 03 ' LIMA 16252 04 OF 08 I· 291542Z I THE FIVE PERUVIAN ENGINEERS MURDERED BY SL LATE LAST YEAR THE ITALIANS ARE CO TINUING WITH THE CACHI RIVER PROJECT A FIVE-YEAR 100 MILLION DOLLAR WATER AND POWER PLAN WITH SOME IRRIGATION AS AN OFFSHOOT FOR THE AYACUCHO CITY AREA THIS WILL BE A MAJOR BOOST ONCE CONSTRUCTION AND DISBURSEMENTS BEGIN BUT THE PROJECT IS STILL IN THE PLANNING PHASE 14 THERE IS A LOT OF HOUSING CONSTRUCTION IN AND AROUND AYACUCHO HOWEVER MUCH OF IT IS TO ACCOMODATE THE CONTINUING INFLUX OF CAMPESINOS FLEEING RURAL VIOLENCE CONSTRUCTED WITH ADOBE BRICK AYACUCHO'S PUEBLOS JOVENES SEEM LESS INSUBSTANTIAL AND DEPRESSING THAN LIMA'S WHICH USUALLY BEGIN WITH FIBER MATS OR TIN ACCORDING TO SEVERAL SOURCES THERE IS A GOOD DEAL OF NARCO MONEY IN AYACUCHO THE PROCEEDS FROM COCA CULTIVATION IN THE APURIMAC RIVER VALLEY @ F E- Y0R RUT k' ESTIMATED THAT THERE MAY BE 15-20 000 HECTARES UNDER CULTIVATION AND THAT SOME 200-300 FAMILIES BASED IN AYACU HO OWN COCJ' PL7WT TIQNS _ THERE MOST OF THE TRAFFICKERS LIVE ALONG AYACUCHO' S QUINUAPATA STREET DUBBED II QUINAPASTA AND COCAPATA FOR THE NARCO ASSOCIATION THE CIVIL GUARD DEPUTY COMMANDER FLATLY DENIED THAT THERE'S ANY NARCOTICS TRAFFICKING GOING ON GIVEN THE MULTIPLE REPORTS TO THE CONTRARY HIS DENIAL WAS NOT REASSURING HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION WORSE NNNN PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LIMA 16252 05 OF 08 291544Z Pag» UNCLP1 SSIFIED c A i tt i f 0 n a · - AID-00 ADS-00 INR-O' i' CIAE oo SS-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 INM-07- INRE-00 SP-02 OMB-01 SNP-0l SCT-02 DS-01 P-02 T-01 050 w ------------------216022 292219Z 72 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3695 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9620 DIA WASHDC INFO LOG-00 H-01 PA- 01 PRS-01 c-er- -iq 'I' EB-00 PM-10 c-91 I A'L SECTION 05 OF 08 LIMA 16252 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR TAGS PTER - PGOV PRUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 THE HUMAN RIGHTS SITUATION HAD WORSENED SEVERAL RESPECTS ·srNcE MARCH THE CAY ARA MASSACRE AND ITS AFTERMATH -- ESPECIALLY THE GOVERNMENT'S EVIDENT DECISION TO BACK THE POLITICO-MILITARY COMMAND -- HAD LEFT THE DEPRESSING MESSAGE THAT WHEN PUSH COMES TO 15 iN GeN-P-rl7EN' l 'rAD PAGE 02 'LIMA 16252 05 OF 08 291544Z SHOVE THE MILITARY IS BEYOND THE LAW THE INTERNATIONAL COMMITTEE OF THE RED CROSS IS STILL BEING DENIED ACCESS TO THE EMERGENCY ZONE AMERICAS WATCH REPRESENTATIVE JUAN MENDEZ HAD BEEN REQUIRED TO LEAVE IN THE MIDDLE OF A VISIT IN JULY IN JUNE--JULY THE AREA AROUND HUANTA 35 KILOMETERS NORTH OF AYACUCHO REPORTED AROUND 100 DISAPPEARANCES 1 E9QQE3 I ATTRIBUTED THE DISAPPEARANCES TO THE ARMY • I r·v _ Pag» UNCLASSIFIED Page 12 n a OFFICER IN CHARGE OF THAT AREA SO DID _t-- j 0@ 9 T SC MJ' 2J' Y if 7RM MADE THE COMMENT THAT IN THE ABSENSE OF A NATIONAL POLICY OR FIRM GUIDELINES FROM THE TOP MILITARY POLICYIN A GIVEN AREA QUITE OFTEN REFLECTS THE PERSONALITY AND POLITICAL VIEW OF A •· I MID-GRADE COMMANDER 16 IN OCTOBER THE OFFICE OF SPECIAL PROSECUTOR CARLOS ESCOBAR WAS CLOSED OSTENSIBLY FOR BUDGETARY REASONS OPENED IN JULY 1987 WITH' A MANDATE TO PURSUE DISAPPEARANCES AND OTHER HUMAN RIGHTS ABUSES THE FISCAL 1 S OFFICE HAD QUICKLY ESTABLISHED ITSELF AS PROFESSIONAL OBJECTIVE AND QUITE OFTEN EFFECTIVE IN OBTAINING THE RELEASE OF PEOPLE DETAINED BY THE MILITARY ESCOBAR'S INVESTIGATION OF THE CAYARA·INCIDENT LED HIM TO CONCLUDE THA THE ZONE COMMANDER GENERAL JOSE VALDIVIA WAS DIRECTLY AND PERSONALLY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE MASSACRE AND HIS REPORT RECOMMENDED INDICTMENT ESCOBAR TOLD US NOVEMBER 16 HE IS CONVINCED THAT HIS INVESTIGATION IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CLOSURE OF HIS OFFICE C EM'I'TAL PAGE 03 LIMA 16252 05 OF 08 291544Z 17 NOTE WE RAISED THIS SUBJECT ON THE MARGINS OF A SOCIAL EVENT NOVEMBER 19 WITH THE MINISTER OF JUSTICE CESAR DELGADO BARRETO AND WITH DR PEDRO MENDEZ CHIEF OF THE PENAL SECTION OF THE SUPREME COURT MINISTER DELGADO BARRETO SAID HE WAS PERSONALLY DISTURBED BY THE OFFICE'S CLOSURE INDICATED THAT HE DID NOT ACCEPT THE NOM INAL REASON AS THE REAL ONE AND SAID HE HAD ALREADY SPOKEN ABOUT IT TO THE ATTORNEY GENERAL DR MENDEZ SAID THE OFFICE WOULD BE REOPENED AS SOON AS POSSIBLE BUT PROBABLY WITHOUT AN EXCLUSIVE MANDATE TO PURSUE HUMAN RIGHTS CASES AND VERY LIKELY UNDER A DIFFERENT INDIVIDUAL MENDEZ COMMENTED THAT THE MATTER WOULD HAVE TO BE HANDLED VERY CAREFULLY TO AVOID INJURY TO-ESCOBAR'S CAREER INDICATING THAT ESCOBAR HAD TAKEN ON AN INSTITUTION TOO POWERFUL FOR HIM OR THE JUDICIAL BRANCH TO HANDLE J I· n a c UNCLASSIFIED Pag» - --1 IFIED Page n a ARMY VIEW THE WAR'S NOT GOING WELL 18 OFFICERS NORIEGA AND GAMBOA BEGAN OUR CONVERSATION WITH THE OBSERVATION THAT THINGS ARE GOING BADLY ALL OVER SINCE GAMBOA'S ARRIVAL IN JULY THE ARMY HAD SUFFERED ABOUT 25 DEATHS IN THE ZONE FIVE OF THEM OFFICERS SL IS PRESENT AND ACTIVE THROUGHOUT THE SEVEN PROVINCES OF ELEVEN QF AYACUCHO DEPARTMENT UNDER A STATE OF EMERGENCY THE FOUR WESTERNMOST PROVINCES BORDERING ICA AND AREQUI A ARE OUTSID THE EZ GAMBOA SAID THE ARMY HAS YET CGNFIDEN' 'IJCT NNNN ce PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LIMA 16252 06 OF 08 291545Z '- AID-00 ADS-00 INR-07 SS-00 CIAE-00 NSCE-00 NSAE-QO HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 INM-07 OMB-01 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 SCT-02 DS-01 P-02 T-01 050 W ------------------216026 292219Z 72 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3696 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM U$CINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMRMBASSY CARA S AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DRAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9621 DIA WASHDC INFO LOG-00 H-01 PA-01 PRS-01 EB-00 PM-10 C-01 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR Pag» UNCLASSIFIED Page 14 TAGS PTER PGOV PHUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 TO FIGURE OUT A WAY TO BEAT SL SENDERISTAS ARE MOSTLY FROM AYACUCHO AND ARE QUECHUA SPEAKING ARMY PATROLS ALWAYS HAVE AT LEAST ONE QUECHUA SPEAI ER HE SAID BUT ARE STI°LL REGARDED AS FOREIGNERS THE SENDERISTAS ARE BETTER ACCLIMATED KNOW THE TERRITORY BETTER OWFIDEN-T--XAL PAGE 02 LIMA 16252 06 OF 08 291545Z AND ARE MORE STRONGLY MOTIVATED THE ARMY AVOIDS ASSIGNING ANYONE FROM AYACUCHO TO AYACUCHO FOR SECURITY REASONS MOREOVER HE AND HIS COLLEAGUES ARE MARKING THE DAYS OF THE CALENDAR UNTIL THEY CAN LEAVE GAMBOA SAID SL UNITS KEEP ON THE MOVE IF THEY HAVE PERMANENT CAMPS THEY ARE IN·THE HIGH SIERRA AND QUITE POSSIBLY IN CAVES IN ANY EVENT NONE HAVE BEEN SPOTTED FROM THE AIR SL TYPICALLY STAYS IN A NEW VILLAGE LONG ENOUGH TO PUT PEOPLE OF ITS CHOOSING IN CHARGE ASSAULTS ON ARMY CAMPS CONVOYS ELECTRICAL TOWERS OR BRIDGES ARE USTIALLY DONE WITH FORCED RECRUITS FROM THE NEAREST VILLAGE A R MY UNITS PATROL FREQUENTLY GAMBOA CLAIMED AND STAY OUT FOR TEN DAYS TO TWO WEEKS BUT LACKING SUFFICIENT C-TYPE RATIONS THEY GO OUT WITH ONLY A FEW DAY'S OF STORE-BOUGHT PROVISIONS AND END UP APPROPRIATING FOOD FROM THE CAMPESINOS GAMBOA READILY VOLUNTEERED THAT THE ARMY WAS NOT WINNING THE LOCAL POPULATION OVER HIS BIGGEST COMPLAINT HOWEVER IS THAT THE A IS HAVING TO CARRY THE COUNTER-INSURGENCY PROGRAM ENTIRELY ON ITS OWN THERE SIMPLY IS NO ECONOMIC POLITICAL OR PSY CHO-SOCIAL PROGRAM AS CONTEMPLATED IN PERUVIAN ARMY DOCTRINE 19 20 GAMBOA HAD LITTLE TO SAY ABOUT THE SITUATION IN HUANCAVELICA AND APURIMAC PART OF THE AYACUCHO EMERGENCY ZONE AS HE PERSONALLY HAS NO RESPONSIBILITY FOR THOSE AREAS ON a GN-Fli- Ab Pag» · UNCLASSIFIED - - · 8 N-F- ASSIFIED Page 15 n a· PAGE 03 LIMA 16252 06 OF 291545Z I 08- NOVEMBER 20 THE PRESS REPORTED A MAJOR ARMY CLASH WITH A LARGE SL UNIT IN APURIMAC IN WHICH SIX ARMY AND 10 SL WERE KILLED OTHERS IN AYACUCHO HAD LITTLE TO OFFER ON THE SITUATION IN THOSE DEPARTMENTS AS FAR REMOVED FROM AYACUCHO AS AYACUCHO IS FROM LIMA rpqHMl P T rAID HE HAD HEARD THAT THE ARMY WAS REDUCING ITS PRESENCE IN PARTS OF APURIMAC AND HUANCAVELICA FOR BUDGETARY REASONS THIS CONVERSATION TOOK PLACE AFTER THE ONE WITH GAMBOA AND WE WERE UNABLE TO CHECK THIS POINT OUT REGIONALIZATION 21 COMMENT ON THE REGIONALIZATION PROJECT FOR AYACUCHO CURRENTLY BEING DEBATED IN CONGRESS CAME UP IN SEVERAL CONVERSATIONS LOCAL SENTIMENT LARGELY FAVORS CREATING THE 11 WARI REGION TO CONSIST OF AYACUCHO HUANCAVELICA AND APURIMAC WITH THE REGIONAL GOVERNMENT IN AYACUCHO THE CONGRESS HAS NOT YET DECIDED WHETHER TO ADOPT THAT CONFIGURATION OR TO JOIN AYACUCHO WITH ICA ON THE COAST THE LATTER IS FAVORED BY ICA DEPUTY AND APRA ·oLD GUARDIST FEIDlZ NDO LEON DE VIVERO AYACUCHANOS FEEL THAT THEY WOULD SUFFER IF ATTACHED TO ICA AND WERE BUOYED WHEN THE NATIONAL COMMISSION ON ·PACIFICATION THE BERNALES COMMISSION ENDORSED THEIR POSITION IN SEPTEMBER ELITES AND INTRA-ELITE ·cOMMUNieATION NNNN PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-DO LIMA INFO ADS-00 NSCE-00 LOG-00 H-01 ·16252 07 OF 08 AID-00 NSAE-00 291621Z INR-07 HA-09 SS-00 L-03 CIAE-00 TRSE-o·o EB-00 PM-10 Pag» UNCLASSIFIED k p' ½-Y _ _-· WGhtMIBIFIED f C f n a PA-01 · PRS-01 OMB'-01 INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 DS-01 SCT-02 P-02 T-01 050 W ------------------217000 292220Z 72 R 291s21z ov 88 FM AMEMBASSY LIMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3697 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA AMEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9622 DIA WASHDC · C-01 I USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR TAGS PTER PGOV PHUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 22 FOR A TOWN WHERE MOST OFFICES ARE WITHIN FIVE MINUTES WALKING DISTANCE OF EACH OTHER THERE SEEMS TO BE LITTLE CONTACT AMONG CITY __ LEADERS THE UNIVERSITY RECTOR COMPLAINS THAT THE STUDENT DEATH MIGHT HAVE BEEN AVOIDED IF C Q DW-I-9E-Nfl-AL PAGE 02 LIMA 16252 07 OF 08 291621Z THE POLITICO-MILITARY COMMANDER HAD CONSULTED WITH HIM IN ADVANCE THE AUXILIARY ARCHBISHOP WHO ARRIVED IN JULY SAYS HE HAS ONLY BRIEFLY MET THE RECTOR NO ONE APPARENTLY EVEN THE VICE MAYOR CONSIDERS THE MAYOR WORTH TALKING TO THE PREFECT WHILE SPRY FOR 84 IS REGARDED AS A NON-ENTITY THE REGIONAL AGRICULTU RAL DIRECTOR HAS BEEN THERE NINE YEARS BUT IS NOT WELL KNOWN TO NON-A RISTAS ALTHOUGH POLITICO MILITARY COMMANDER·VALDIVIA GOT OFF TO A GOOD START THE MOST FREQUENTLY HEARD COMMENT IS NOT THAT· HE'S HARSH BUT THAT HE'S n a C-6N·P-J -B gN Tl aL 1JNCLASSIFIED Pag» Page 17 UNCOMMUNICATIVE t i$Jt st2ri gfil ltsr tt @tii ftE f i 1 3 _ OSWlli MOROTE 1 ·s '' JlI'RSTi1COUS IN · ' f DESCRIBES· 1filMSELF ·r i' J l l ttt stE iijjfj -•0i t 0 THA'P· 'HE woULD BE''KH' iLED' ··l ' ' ' HE WENT PUBIJIC - ' · - · • •i • - 1 i ·· t f1 sVi9r£# i · • 'lt c t t l ' @ i • Jc·•• - ' QUfET'' _ ·R ECALliING 'THE' S I'I'Y' S i'PR ' ' IP ilfj TS i11 Ji · · IT €EEF • 1 • TOUSL ¥ 1 1fo1 Ji ¥l t 0 NL YACUCHANvc t t- - cl' iuxiLriiY ·- ·• · _ _ARCHBISHOP MONSENOR CIPRIANI INTELLIGENT WELL-EDUCATED IN HIS MID-40'S AND AN OPUS DEI MEMBER IS GIVEN GOOD MARKS BYj S CHMiB I1 1FOR SUPPORTING ' 'HE ARCHDIOCESE SOCIJ L ACTION OFFICE WITH CIVIL AND MILITARY AUTHORITIES HE DESCRIBES THE SITUATION AS TOO DIFFICULT AND· CHURCH PERSONNEL RESOURCES AS TOO THIN GGN PAGE 03· LIMA 16252 07 OF 08 291621Z 20 PRIESTS IN THE DEPARTMENT ALL BUT THREE · OVER 60 YEARS OLD FOR THE CHURCH TO PLAY MUCH O l - A cm TS' I'RUCTJV -F-9 -i • HE $AYS 'J 'H • - POLICY IS NOT TO TAKE SIDES AND TO KEEP A PRUDENT LOW PROFILE HIS MAIN OBJECTIVE IS TO ATTRACT -A NEW GENERATION OF PRIESTS TO REPLACE THE OUTGOING ONES RELUCTANT TO TALK TOO MUCH ABOUT AYACUCHO HE SEEMED STARVED TO DISCUSS U S LATIN AMERICAN POLICY AND SOCIAL CHANGES TAKING PLACE IN THE UNITED STATES 24 SEE REF B FOR A FULL REPORT ON VICE MAYOR JAIME URRUTIA A PROFESSOR OF HISTORY AT THE UNIVERSITY OF HUAMANGA URRUTIA IS LEAVING AYACUCHO IN A MONTH BECAUSE OF SL THREATS FOR AT LEAST A YEAR'S STUDY IN FRANCE ON A FRENCH GOVERNMENT SCHOLARSHIP 25 CONCLUSION THIS WAS A DEPRESSING VISIT THE COMBINATION OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC DOWNTOWN AND THE UPSURGE IN VIOLENCE - ESPECIALLY FROM RODRIGO FRANCO A NEW QUARTER - - MD ·VIRTUALLY EVERYONE WE MET WITH DISPIRITED AYACUCHO HAS VIRTUALLY NO LOCAL ECONOMY TO n a OONFIDEN J J l b UNCLASSIFIED Pag» · G SIFIED Page 1s· n a SUSTAIN IT AS GOVERNMENT FINANCING DRIES UP THERE APPEARS TO BE NOTHING LEFT OF THE GARCIA GOVERNMENT I S ORIGINAL CONCEPT OF FIGHTING · SENDERO IN THE uANDEAN TRAPEZOID THROUGH SOCIAL AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT INSTEAD THE MILITARY HAS A FREER HAND THAN EVER AND UNDER GENERAL VALDIVIA HAS BECOME MORE REPRESSIVE THAN IT HAS BEEN FOR SEVERAL YEARS AYACUCHO -- 11 CORNER OF THE DEAD IN QUECHUA -- HAS BECOME THIS GOVERNMENT'S LAND OF THE FORGOTTEN NNNN PAGE 01 ACTION ARA-00 LIMA 16252 08 OF 08 291621Z ADS-00 AID-00 INR-07 SS-00 CIAE-00 NSCE-00 NSbE-00 HA-09 L-03 TRSE-00 OMB-01 INM-07 INRE-00 SP-02 SNP-01 DS-01 P-02 SCT-02 T-01 050 w --- -- ---------- 216775 292221Z 72 R 291521Z NOV 88 FM AMEMBASSY IMA TO SECSTATE WASHDC 3698 INFO AMEMBASSY BOGOTA A MEMBASSY LA PAZ AMEMBASSY QUITO USAFSO HOWARD AFB PM USCINCSO QUARRY HTS PM AMEMBASSY CARACAS AMEMBASSY SAN SALVADOR DEAHQS WASHDC USIA WASHDC 9623 DIA WASHDC INFO e LOG-00 H-01 PA-01 PRS-01 EB-00 PM-10 C-01 O N-F ±DE N--1£--- - A -L SECTION 08 OF 08 LIMA 16252 USCINCSO ALSO FOR POLAD JOHN YOULE SAN SALVADOR FOR MCFARLAND E O 12356 DECL OADR TAGS PTER PGOV PRUM PINR SNAR PE SUBJECT VISIT TO AYACUCHO NOVEMBER 17-19 1988 I WATSON n a -e UNCLASSIFIED · Pag»