_ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011 08 31 CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330401-9 CLASSIFICATION SECRET SECRET CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY INFORMATION FROM FOREIGN DOCUMENTS OR RADIO BROADCASTS COUNTRY USSR SUBJECT Economic - Agriculture HOW PUBLISHED Daily newspapers semimon periodical WHERE PUBLISHED USSR DATE PUBLISHED 24-Nov 1949 - 31 Mar 1950 LANGUAGE Russian 50X1-HUM REPORT CD NO DATE OF INFORMATION DATE DIST 1949 1950 NO OF PAGES 3 SUPPLEMENT TO REPORT NO unm•• Tift MAno• AL 11na11 OP ffll l#RITID ITATH WiTltlN TMI IU 11111 OP llf101Alt Act 10 •• I c II AMO aa u A• t•DID lt1ft411• 11110101 fill 11n1u no1 o il1 CClllTIAff Ill 11 ltY • 11•1 • ti Alli IIIAVTIIOlltlD PHIOR ti NO 1nD n LAW IIPI01tUCT101 tP 11111 POii II PROKl81TID nus DOCVMIIIT CORTAlnl 11 01 1101 SOURCE THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION Newspapers and perioc11 cals as indicated SURVEY OF USSR AGRICULTURE FOR 1949 jJiUIIJ bers in parentheses refer to appended sources J Socialist agriculture the severe drought of 1946 grown stronger a nil products During the past 2 years the despite the huge losses· suffered during the wx- and is steadily progressing The kolkhoz system has of farming and livestock raising have increased sowing area expanded by 20 million hei tares The gross grain harvest in 1948 was 7 billion pud only slightzy below the prewar 1940 level the average 7ield of' grain crops f'rom·one hecta re exceeded the prewar level In 1949 the _gross grain-crop harvest was 7 6 biilion pud which is e lmost the level of output set by the Five-Year Plan f'or 1950 As a result of' the successful· solution of gl' ain-raisiDg problems conditions vere created for a steady growth of inqustrial crap harvests and for the development of livestock siDg In 1949 the harvests of cotton f'lax sunflowers and potatoes considerably exceeded the l94o prewar level for in dustrial c r -ops In 1949 kolkhozes received three to four times more tractors automobiles and agricultural machines than in 1940 In l94o only the preparation of the soil sowing and the harvesting or p-ain crops was done by machines but now many qther agricultural processes are mechanized Ml 'S are steadily improving their operations and are the most important means for expanding agriculture DuriDg 1949 MI'S worked 40 million more hectares of kolkhoz land than in 1940 Electrification of' agricultural work is also expanding rapid Jr Ten times as many kolkhozes were electrified in 1949 as in 1940 The mechanization and electri f'ication of agriculture is c onverting agricultural labor into a form of indt' Strial labor and thus helping to el 1 ninate the dif'ference3 which exist between the city and the country At present over 82 percent of' all spring plowing and f'allov plowing is mechanized and nearl 3 half the grain crop is harvested by combines # - i - IJt'ECDCT JIU I I STATE ARMY CLASSIFICATION I l R • I I J SECm OISTRlllUTION II I I - · · I II 'f ji · 11 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011 08 31 CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330401-9 SECRET 50X1-HUM SECRET In 1949 considerable progress was made in ful filli the 3-year plan i or the development of livestock ra 1 si Dg Thousands of new kolkhoz farms for cattle sheep hog and poultry raising wex-e organized The prewar production level of cattle sheep and goats is now being surpassed by kolkhozes Under t e postwar Five-Year Plan socialist agriculture has progressed successfully in providing stable and high harvests The plan for shelter-belt· tree planting the introduction of grass-f l eld rotat ion and construction of ponds and reservoirs in steppe and forest stP ppe 11 l'eas of European TJSSR have been carried out according to agronomical science 'j he 1 49 plan for tree planting by kolkhozes and sovkhozes was d Oubled In the steppes ar d forest steppes of' European USSR shelter-belt tree planting covered a general area of 590 000 hectares and 800 1 000 hectares of soil were prepared for future tree planting l Much 7 work is being d One on the planting of' perem ial f'raj t and plants Progress has already been made in growing pererui al rye The first enn1al rye to be grown in the Donbass was planted in 1948 on the Sovkhoz 1men Oktyabr skaya Revolutsiya Perennial rye vhich was discovered by Academician A I Derzhavin produces a harvest for several consecutive years without 1 ng replanted In the spring of 1950 perennial rye was grown in other sovkhozes The rye was sown last fall from seeds harvested in the Sovkhoz imen1 Oktyabr' skaya Revolutsiya In Stalino Oblast over 400 hectares of perennial rye have nowbeen sovn 2 Nev and hardier varieties of vegetables are being successfully cultivated in the Far East For example the agricultural meterological station in Bakurian1 village which has been in existence for over 10 yes rs is attempting to· produce frost-resistant varieties of vegetables for kolkhozes in the high mountain zone Cabbage string beans carrots and radishes produced on experimental fields at the station are now being succesHfully cultivated on thP kolkhozes in Sakuriani A large harvest of vegetables was obtained in 1949 The yield per hectare was 1 1100 centners for cabbage 450 centn ers for beets ·350 centners for ·carrots 300-340 centners for potatoes 3 Similarly sweet Dotatoes have been successfully introduced not only in the subtropical areas but also in the eastern parts of Georgian SSR Tbilisskiy Gardabanskiy Khobskiy and other r ns Besides serving ae food aweet potatoes are used tor industrial pu -- 'poses Starch fl our sugar and alcohol are manufactured from them and sweet-potato syrup is used by the confectionery industry 4 Progress has also been made in developing new cotton-raising areas On 5 Janllary a meeting was held b r the Presidium of the AcadeJrGr of Sciences USSR under the leadership of Academician· S • I • Vavilov At tbat time means for raising cotton in fields along the Amu-Dar'ya·and the Syr-Darya rivers were ciscussed by P A Letunov head of the· Aral-Caspian expedition The expedition organized in 1947 is investigating the prob t ems connected witb further expansion of cotton raising It is studying the extremely im portant questions of increasing the cotton harvest on existing irrigated lands and working out measures to utilize new water resources and land As a result scientific bases to protect · the irrigated lands of Central As l a from dry winds have been set up and measures for establishing sands and improving the pasture area for livestock raising have been worked out The problems on which the expedi t l on is wrk1ng are of great importance to the national econoiv In 1950 the scope of the work being d One by the expedition is to be inCJ ' ed and new and l lllportant -t sks will be given to it 5 - 2 SECBBT i I I Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011 08 31 CIA-RDP80-00809A000600330401-9 SECREl SECRET 50X1-HUM Significant results have also been obtained in the field of selective seeding as a result of the close cooperation between the All-Union Institute of Plant Cultivation in Leningrad and the Scientific Institute of the People's Democracies Recently the Leningrad Institute received from Czechoslo·mkia valuable seed material and several new varieties of potatoes developed there by botanists and seed-selection experts It also received a la rge quantity of seed samples of grains and garden crop from Poland Hungary and Bulgaria In exchange the institute sent seed samples to various agricultural crop scientific research institutes of the People's Democracies 6 Scientific institutions are also helping to raise the productivity of livestock The Ministry of Agriculture is establishing new research institutes to work on 11 veatock re ieing veteril' la cy science and feed procurements In Saratov Oblast for example the Experimental Station for Livestock 1s being reorganized Beginning 1 January 1950 it Will be called the Southwest Zonal Scientific Research Institute for L1vestock and Feed Procurement A Siberian Zonal Institute is being erected in Omsk and a Far Eastern Zonal Scientific Research Veterinary Institute in Blagoveshchensk During 1949-50 livestock-raising departments are to be organized at the Irkutsk and Kurek Agricultural Experimental Stat i ons the Ke luga Pensa and Ma riyets Experimental Stations for Farming and the Kemerovo Sb atilovka Morshansk and Chuvash State Breeding Stations As the 3-yea r plan for the development of livestock raising nears completion kolkhozes and sovkhozes of Issuk-Kul' Oblast Kirgiz SSR a re making better use of mountain pastures At present l½ times more ll vestock v l nter in the bog zones the n did last year Hundreds of thousand of sheep and horses graze annually on more than 100 kolkllozes and sovkhozes of Dzhety-Oguzskiy Novo-Voznesenovskiy and Tonskiy rayons Extra food is stored for the livestock tn case of temporary bad weather Shepherds and horse wranglers vho tend the livestock and a large group of zoological teclu cians veterinary doctors and medical -workers live in the bog areas 8 SOURCES 1 Molodoy llol' sheVik No Mar 50 2 Sovetakaya Kirgiziya No 64 31 May 50 3 Zarya Vostoka No 4 6 Jan 50 4 Pravda Vqstoka No 230 24 Nov 49 5 Pravda No 6 6 Jan 50 6 Izvestiya No 9 11 Jllil 50 7 Kommunist No 276 24 Nov 49 8 Izvestiya No 8 10 Jan 50 -END- - 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